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1. Publisher Correction: TGF-β blockade drives a transitional effector phenotype in T cells reversing SIV latency and decreasing SIV reservoirs in vivo

Author

Kim, Jinhee, Bose, Deepanwita, Araínga, Mariluz, Haque, Muhammad R., Fennessey, Christine M., Caddell, Rachel A., Thomas, Yanique, Ferrell, Douglas E., Ali, Syed, Grody, Emanuelle, Goyal, Yogesh, Cicala, Claudia, Arthos, James, Keele, Brandon F., Vaccari, Monica, Lorenzo-Redondo, Ramon, Hope, Thomas J., Villinger, Francois, and Martinelli, Elena

Published
2024
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2. Epigenetic MLH1 silencing concurs with mismatch repair deficiency in sporadic, naturally occurring colorectal cancer in rhesus macaques

Author

Deycmar, Simon, Johnson, Brendan J., Ray, Karina, Schaaf, George W., Ryan, Declan Patrick, Cullin, Cassandra, Dozier, Brandy L., Ferguson, Betsy, Bimber, Benjamin N., Olson, John D., Caudell, David L., Whitlow, Christopher T., Solingapuram Sai, Kiran Kumar, Romero, Emily C., Villinger, Francois J., Burgos, Armando G., Ainsworth, Hannah C., Miller, Lance D., Hawkins, Gregory A., Chou, Jeff W., Gomes, Bruno, Hettich, Michael, Ceppi, Maurizio, Charo, Jehad, and Cline, J. Mark

Published
2024
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3. TGF-β blockade drives a transitional effector phenotype in T cells reversing SIV latency and decreasing SIV reservoirs in vivo

Author

Kim, Jinhee, Bose, Deepanwita, Araínga, Mariluz, Haque, Muhammad R., Fennessey, Christine M., Caddell, Rachel A., Thomas, Yanique, Ferrell, Douglas E., Ali, Syed, Grody, Emanuelle, Goyal, Yogesh, Cicala, Claudia, Arthos, James, Keele, Brandon F., Vaccari, Monica, Lorenzo-Redondo, Ramon, Hope, Thomas J., Villinger, Francois, and Martinelli, Elena

Published
2024
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5. Dynamic Analysis of major elements in biological tissue validating quantification of trace life elements in MeV ion beam microscopy

Author

Whitlow, Harry J., Kuznetsov, Andrej, Azarov, Alexander, Nagy, Gyula, Frost, Robert J.W., Henderson, Nicholas, Greco, Richard, Deoli, Naresh, Smith, Karen M., Sudprasert, Wanwisa, Amphalop, Sumittra, Insuan, Wimonrut, Wichianchot, Sakulchit, Ren, Min-Qin, Osipowicz, Thomas, Ryan, Chris G., and Villinger, Francois

Published
2024
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6. Author Correction: A ferritin-based COVID-19 nanoparticle vaccine that elicits robust, durable, broad-spectrum neutralizing antisera in non-human primates

Author

Weidenbacher, Payton A.-B., Sanyal, Mrinmoy, Friedland, Natalia, Tang, Shaogeng, Arunachalam, Prabhu S., Hu, Mengyun, Kumru, Ozan S., Morris, Mary Kate, Fontenot, Jane, Shirreff, Lisa, Do, Jonathan, Cheng, Ya-Chen, Vasudevan, Gayathri, Feinberg, Mark B., Villinger, Francois J., Hanson, Carl, Joshi, Sangeeta B., Volkin, David B., Pulendran, Bali, and Kim, Peter S.

Published
2023
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7. A ferritin-based COVID-19 nanoparticle vaccine that elicits robust, durable, broad-spectrum neutralizing antisera in non-human primates

Author

Weidenbacher, Payton A.-B., Sanyal, Mrinmoy, Friedland, Natalia, Tang, Shaogeng, Arunachalam, Prabhu S., Hu, Mengyun, Kumru, Ozan S., Morris, Mary Kate, Fontenot, Jane, Shirreff, Lisa, Do, Jonathan, Cheng, Ya-Chen, Vasudevan, Gayathri, Feinberg, Mark B., Villinger, Francois J., Hanson, Carl, Joshi, Sangeeta B., Volkin, David B., Pulendran, Bali, and Kim, Peter S.

Published
2023
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9. Tuberculosis detection in nonhuman primates is enhanced by use of testing algorithms that include an interferon-γ release assay.

Author

Yee, JoAnn L, Prongay, Kamm, Van Rompay, Koen KA, Meesawat, Suthirote, Kemthong, Taratorn, Halley, Bryson, Carpenter, Amanda, Nham, Peter, Rogers, Kenneth, Hasselschwert, Dana, Villinger, Francois, Jay, Alexandra N, Warit, Saradee, Malivijitnond, Suchinda, and Roberts, Jeffrey A

Subjects
Veterinary Sciences, Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences, Rare Diseases, Tuberculosis, Infectious Diseases, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Algorithms, Animals, Interferon-gamma Release Tests, Primates, Biological Sciences, Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Agricultural, veterinary and food sciences, Biological sciences
Abstract

ObjectiveTo develop a testing algorithm that incorporates multiple assays to evaluate host cellular and humoral immunity and antigen detection concerning Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) infection in captive nonhuman primates.AnimalsCohorts of captive-bred and wild-caught macaques from 5 different geographic regions.ProceduresMacaques were tested for MTBC infection by use of a γ interferon tuberculosis (GIFT) assay, an interferon-γ release assay, and other assays. In the first 2 cohorts (n = 15 and 181), initial validation of the GIFT assay was performed by use of experimentally infected and unexposed control macaques. In the next 3 cohorts (n = 59, 42, and 11), results were obtained for opportunistically collected samples from macaques exposed during spontaneous outbreaks.ResultsSensitivity and specificity of the GIFT assay in the control cohorts were 100% and 97%, respectively, and were variable but enhanced by incorporating results from multiple assays in spontaneous outbreaks.Clinical relevanceThe detection and management of MTBC infection in captive nonhuman primate populations is an ongoing challenge, especially with animal imports and transfers. Despite standardized practices of initial quarantine with regular intradermal tuberculin skin testing, spontaneous outbreaks continue to be reported. Since infection encompasses a range of disease manifestations over time, a testing algorithm that incorporates multiple assays, such as the GIFT assay, to evaluate host cellular and humoral immunity in addition to agent detection is needed. Testing a combination of samples from controlled studies and spontaneous outbreaks of MTBC infection in nonhuman primates would advance the development and validation of a functional algorithm that incorporates promising tools such as the GIFT assay.

Published
2022

10. Species-agnostic polymeric formulations for inhalable messenger RNA delivery to the lung

Author

Rotolo, Laura, Vanover, Daryll, Bruno, Nicholas C., Peck, Hannah E., Zurla, Chiara, Murray, Jackelyn, Noel, Richard K., O’Farrell, Laura, Araínga, Mariluz, Orr-Burks, Nichole, Joo, Jae Yeon, Chaves, Lorena C. S., Jung, Younghun, Beyersdorf, Jared, Gumber, Sanjeev, Guerrero-Ferreira, Ricardo, Cornejo, Santiago, Thoresen, Merrilee, Olivier, Alicia K., Kuo, Katie M., Gumbart, James C., Woolums, Amelia R., Villinger, Francois, Lafontaine, Eric R., Hogan, Robert J., Finn, M. G., and Santangelo, Philip J.

Published
2023
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13. Select gp120 V2 domain specific antibodies derived from HIV and SIV infection and vaccination inhibit gp120 binding to α4β7.

Author

Lertjuthaporn, Sakaorat, Cicala, Claudia, Van Ryk, Donald, Liu, Matthew, Yolitz, Jason, Wei, Danlan, Nawaz, Fatima, Doyle, Allison, Horowitch, Brooke, Park, Chung, Lu, Shan, Lou, Yang, Wang, Shixia, Pan, Ruimin, Jiang, Xunqing, Villinger, Francois, Byrareddy, Siddappa, Santangelo, Philip, Morris, Lynn, Wibmer, Constantinos, Biris, Kristin, Mason, Rosemarie, Gorman, Jason, Hiatt, Joseph, Martinelli, Elena, Roederer, Mario, Fujikawa, Dai, Gorini, Giacomo, Franchini, Genoveffa, Arakelyan, Anush, Ansari, Aftab, Pattanapanyasat, Kovit, Kong, Xiang-Peng, Fauci, Anthony, and Arthos, James

Subjects
AIDS Vaccines, Animals, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Binding Sites, Cell Line, Tumor, Epitopes, HIV Antibodies, HIV Envelope Protein gp120, HIV Infections, HIV-1, Integrins, Macaca, Protein Binding, Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs, SAIDS Vaccines, Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Simian Immunodeficiency Virus, Vaccination
Abstract

The GI tract is preferentially targeted during acute/early HIV-1 infection. Consequent damage to the gut plays a central role in HIV pathogenesis. The basis for preferential targeting of gut tissues is not well defined. Recombinant proteins and synthetic peptides derived from HIV and SIV gp120 bind directly to integrin α4β7, a gut-homing receptor. Using both cell-surface expressed α4β7 and a soluble α4β7 heterodimer we demonstrate that its specific affinity for gp120 is similar to its affinity for MAdCAM (its natural ligand). The gp120 V2 domain preferentially engages extended forms of α4β7 in a cation -sensitive manner and is inhibited by soluble MAdCAM. Thus, V2 mimics MAdCAM in the way that it binds to α4β7, providing HIV a potential mechanism to discriminate between functionally distinct subsets of lymphocytes, including those with gut-homing potential. Furthermore, α4β7 antagonists developed for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases, block V2 binding to α4β7. A 15-amino acid V2 -derived peptide is sufficient to mediate binding to α4β7. It includes the canonical LDV/I α4β7 binding site, a cryptic epitope that lies 7-9 amino acids amino terminal to the LDV/I, and residues K169 and I181. These two residues were identified in a sieve analysis of the RV144 vaccine trial as sites of vaccine -mediated immune pressure. HIV and SIV V2 mAbs elicited by both vaccination and infection that recognize this peptide block V2-α4β7 interactions. These mAbs recognize conformations absent from the β- barrel presented in a stabilized HIV SOSIP gp120/41 trimer. The mimicry of MAdCAM-α4β7 interactions by V2 may influence early events in HIV infection, particularly the rapid seeding of gut tissues, and supports the view that HIV replication in gut tissue is a central feature of HIV pathogenesis.

Published
2018

14. Elicitation of broadly protective sarbecovirus immunity by receptor-binding domain nanoparticle vaccines

Author

Walls, Alexandra C., Miranda, Marcos C., Schäfer, Alexandra, Pham, Minh N., Greaney, Allison, Arunachalam, Prabhu S., Navarro, Mary-Jane, Tortorici, M. Alejandra, Rogers, Kenneth, O’Connor, Megan A., Shirreff, Lisa, Ferrell, Douglas E., Bowen, John, Brunette, Natalie, Kepl, Elizabeth, Zepeda, Samantha K., Starr, Tyler, Hsieh, Ching-Lin, Fiala, Brooke, Wrenn, Samuel, Pettie, Deleah, Sydeman, Claire, Sprouse, Kaitlin R., Johnson, Max, Blackstone, Alyssa, Ravichandran, Rashmi, Ogohara, Cassandra, Carter, Lauren, Tilles, Sasha W., Rappuoli, Rino, Leist, Sarah R., Martinez, David R., Clark, Matthew, Tisch, Roland, O’Hagan, Derek T., Van Der Most, Robbert, Van Voorhis, Wesley C., Corti, Davide, McLellan, Jason S., Kleanthous, Harry, Sheahan, Timothy P., Smith, Kelly D., Fuller, Deborah H., Villinger, Francois, Bloom, Jesse, Pulendran, Bali, Baric, Ralph S., King, Neil P., and Veesler, David

Published
2021
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15. Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Targeting of CXCR3+ CD4+ T Cells in Secondary Lymphoid Organs Is Associated with Robust CXCL10 Expression in Monocyte/Macrophage Subsets

Author

Fujino, Masayuki, Sato, Hirotaka, Okamura, Tomotaka, Uda, Akihiko, Takeda, Satoshi, Ahmed, Nursarat, Shichino, Shigeyuki, Shiino, Teiichiro, Saito, Yohei, Watanabe, Satoru, Sugimoto, Chie, Kuroda, Marcelo J, Ato, Manabu, Nagai, Yoshiyuki, Izumo, Shuji, Matsushima, Kouji, Miyazawa, Masaaki, Ansari, Aftab A, Villinger, Francois, and Mori, Kazuyasu

Subjects
Medical Microbiology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Immunology, HIV/AIDS, Infectious Diseases, Sexually Transmitted Infections, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, 2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment, Inflammatory and immune system, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Animals, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Chemokine CXCL10, Gene Expression, Gene Expression Profiling, Immunity, Innate, Macaca mulatta, Macrophages, Male, Monocytes, Receptors, CXCR3, Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Simian Immunodeficiency Virus, T-Lymphocyte Subsets, Simian immunodeficiency virus, CD4+ T cell, CXCL10, CXCR3, SIV, Th1, glycosylation, innate immunity, macrophages, monocytes, pathogenesis, Biological Sciences, Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Virology, Agricultural, veterinary and food sciences, Biological sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences
Abstract

Glycosylation of Env defines pathogenic properties of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). We previously demonstrated that pathogenic SIVmac239 and a live-attenuated, quintuple deglycosylated Env mutant (Δ5G) virus target CD4+ T cells residing in different tissues during acute infection. SIVmac239 and Δ5G preferentially infected distinct CD4+ T cells in secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs) and within the lamina propria of the small intestine, respectively (C. Sugimoto et al., J Virol 86:9323-9336, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.00948-12). Here, we studied the host responses relevant to SIV targeting of CXCR3+ CCR5+ CD4+ T cells in SLOs. Genome-wide transcriptome analyses revealed that Th1-polarized inflammatory responses, defined by expression of CXCR3 chemokines, were distinctly induced in the SIVmac239-infected animals. Consistent with robust expression of CXCL10, CXCR3+ T cells were depleted from blood in the SIVmac239-infected animals. We also discovered that elevation of CXCL10 expression in blood and SLOs was secondary to the induction of CD14+ CD16+ monocytes and MAC387+ macrophages, respectively. Since the significantly higher levels of SIV infection in SLOs occurred with a massive accumulation of infiltrated MAC387+ macrophages, T cells, dendritic cells (DCs), and residential macrophages near high endothelial venules, the results highlight critical roles of innate/inflammatory responses in SIVmac239 infection. Restricted infection in SLOs by Δ5G also suggests that glycosylation of Env modulates innate/inflammatory responses elicited by cells of monocyte/macrophage/DC lineages.IMPORTANCE We previously demonstrated that a pathogenic SIVmac239 virus and a live-attenuated, deglycosylated mutant Δ5G virus infected distinct CD4+ T cell subsets in SLOs and the small intestine, respectively (C. Sugimoto et al., J Virol 86:9323-9336, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.00948-12). Accordingly, infections with SIVmac239, but not with Δ5G, deplete CXCR3+ CCR5+ CD4+ T (Th1) cells during the primary infection, thereby compromising the cellular immune response. Thus, we hypothesized that distinct host responses are elicited by the infections with two different viruses. We found that SIVmac239 induced distinctly higher levels of inflammatory Th1 responses than Δ5G. In particular, SIVmac239 infection elicited robust expression of CXCL10, a chemokine for CXCR3+ cells, in CD14+ CD16+ monocytes and MAC387+ macrophages recently infiltrated in SLOs. In contrast, Δ5G infection elicited only modest inflammatory responses. These results suggest that the glycosylation of Env modulates the inflammatory/Th1 responses through the monocyte/macrophage subsets and elicits marked differences in SIV infection and clinical outcomes.

Published
2017

16. Adjuvanting a subunit COVID-19 vaccine to induce protective immunity

Author

Arunachalam, Prabhu S., Walls, Alexandra C., Golden, Nadia, Atyeo, Caroline, Fischinger, Stephanie, Li, Chunfeng, Aye, Pyone, Navarro, Mary Jane, Lai, Lilin, Edara, Venkata Viswanadh, Röltgen, Katharina, Rogers, Kenneth, Shirreff, Lisa, Ferrell, Douglas E., Wrenn, Samuel, Pettie, Deleah, Kraft, John C., Miranda, Marcos C., Kepl, Elizabeth, Sydeman, Claire, Brunette, Natalie, Murphy, Michael, Fiala, Brooke, Carter, Lauren, White, Alexander G., Trisal, Meera, Hsieh, Ching-Lin, Russell-Lodrigue, Kasi, Monjure, Christopher, Dufour, Jason, Spencer, Skye, Doyle-Meyers, Lara, Bohm, Rudolph P., Maness, Nicholas J., Roy, Chad, Plante, Jessica A., Plante, Kenneth S., Zhu, Alex, Gorman, Matthew J., Shin, Sally, Shen, Xiaoying, Fontenot, Jane, Gupta, Shakti, O’Hagan, Derek T., Van Der Most, Robbert, Rappuoli, Rino, Coffman, Robert L., Novack, David, McLellan, Jason S., Subramaniam, Shankar, Montefiori, David, Boyd, Scott D., Flynn, JoAnne L., Alter, Galit, Villinger, Francois, Kleanthous, Harry, Rappaport, Jay, Suthar, Mehul S., King, Neil P., Veesler, David, and Pulendran, Bali

Published
2021
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17. PLGA-Chitosan Encapsulated IL-10 Nanoparticles Modulate Chlamydia Inflammation in Mice

Author

Yilma,Abebayehu, Sahu,Rajnish, Subbarayan,Praseetha, Villinger,Francois, Coats,Mamie, Singh,Shree, Dennis,Vida, Yilma,Abebayehu, Sahu,Rajnish, Subbarayan,Praseetha, Villinger,Francois, Coats,Mamie, Singh,Shree, and Dennis,Vida

Abstract

Abebayehu N Yilma,1,2,* Rajnish Sahu,1,* Praseetha Subbarayan,1,* Francois Villinger,3 Mamie T Coats,4 Shree R Singh,1 Vida A Dennis1 1Center for NanoBiotechnology Research (CNBR), Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, USA; 2Department of Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA; 3Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, New Iberia, LA, USA; 4Department of Clinical and Diagnostics Sciences, School of Health Professionals, The University at Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, USA*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Vida A Dennis, Center for NanoBiotechnology Research (CNBR), Alabama State University, 1627 Harris Way, Montgomery, AL, USA, Tel +1 334-604-9205, Email vdennis@alasu.eduIntroduction: Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a key anti-inflammatory mediator in protecting host from over-exuberant responses to pathogens and play important roles in wound healing, autoimmunity, cancer, and homeostasis. However, its application as a therapeutic agent for biomedical applications has been limited due to its short biological half-life. Therefore, it is important to prolong the half-life of IL-10 to replace the current therapeutic application, which relies on administering large and repeated dosages. Therefore, not a cost-effective approach. Thus, studies that aim to address this type of challenges are always in need.Methods: Recombinant IL-10 was encapsulated in biodegradable nanoparticles (Poly-(Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid) and Chitosan)) by the double emulsion method and then characterized for size, surface charge, thermal stability, cytotoxicity, in vitro release, UV–visible spectroscopy, and Fourier Transform-Infrared Spectroscopy as well as evaluated for its anti-inflammatory effects. Bioactivity of encapsulated IL-10 was evaluated in vitro using J774A.1 macrophage cell-line and in vivo using BALB/c mice. Inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and

Published
2024

22. Induction of Th1-Biased T Follicular Helper (Tfh) Cells in Lymphoid Tissues during Chronic Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Defines Functionally Distinct Germinal Center Tfh Cells

Author

Velu, Vijayakumar, Mylvaganam, Geetha Hanna, Gangadhara, Sailaja, Hong, Jung Joo, Iyer, Smita S, Gumber, Sanjeev, Ibegbu, Chris C, Villinger, Francois, and Amara, Rama Rao

Subjects
Medical Microbiology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Immunology, Infectious Diseases, HIV/AIDS, Inflammatory and immune system, Good Health and Well Being, Animals, B-Lymphocytes, CD40 Ligand, Female, Germinal Center, Hypergammaglobulinemia, Immunoglobulin G, Interferon-gamma, Interleukins, Lymphoid Tissue, Macaca mulatta, Receptors, CCR4, Receptors, CCR6, Receptors, CXCR3, Receptors, CXCR5, Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Simian Immunodeficiency Virus, T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer, Th1 Cells, Simian immunodeficiency virus, Biochemistry and cell biology
Abstract

Chronic HIV infection is associated with accumulation of germinal center (GC) T follicular helper (Tfh) cells in the lymphoid tissue. The GC Tfh cells can be heterogeneous based on the expression of chemokine receptors associated with T helper lineages, such as CXCR3 (Th1), CCR4 (Th2), and CCR6 (Th17). However, the heterogeneous nature of GC Tfh cells in the lymphoid tissue and its association with viral persistence and Ab production during chronic SIV/HIV infection are not known. To address this, we characterized the expression of CXCR3, CCR4, and CCR6 on GC Tfh cells in lymph nodes following SIVmac251 infection in rhesus macaques. In SIV-naive rhesus macaques, only a small fraction of GC Tfh cells expressed CXCR3, CCR4, and CCR6. However, during chronic SIV infection, the majority of GC Tfh cells expressed CXCR3, whereas the proportion of CCR4(+) cells did not change, and CCR6(+) cells decreased. CXCR3(+), but not CXCR3(-), GC Tfh cells produced IFN-γ (Th1 cytokine) and IL-21 (Tfh cytokine), whereas both subsets expressed CD40L following stimulation. Immunohistochemistry analysis demonstrated an accumulation of CD4(+)IFN-γ(+) T cells within the hyperplastic follicles during chronic SIV infection. CXCR3(+) GC Tfh cells also expressed higher levels of ICOS, CCR5, and α4β7 and contained more copies of SIV DNA compared with CXCR3(-) GC Tfh cells. However, CXCR3(+) and CXCR3(-) GC Tfh cells delivered help to B cells in vitro for production of IgG. These data demonstrate that chronic SIV infection promotes expansion of Th1-biased GC Tfh cells, which are phenotypically and functionally distinct from conventional GC Tfh cells and contribute to hypergammaglobulinemia and viral reservoirs.

Published
2016

23. Multivariate analysis of FcR-mediated NK cell functions identifies unique clustering among humans and rhesus macaques

Author

Tuyishime, Marina, primary, Spreng, Rachel L., additional, Hueber, Brady, additional, Nohara, Junsuke, additional, Goodman, Derrick, additional, Chan, Cliburn, additional, Barfield, Richard, additional, Beck, Whitney E., additional, Jha, Shalini, additional, Asdell, Stephanie, additional, Wiehe, Kevin, additional, He, Max M., additional, Easterhoff, David, additional, Conley, Haleigh E., additional, Hoxie, Taylor, additional, Gurley, Thaddeus, additional, Jones, Caroline, additional, Adhikary, Nihar Deb, additional, Villinger, Francois, additional, Thomas, Rasmi, additional, Denny, Thomas N., additional, Moody, Michael Anthony, additional, Tomaras, Georgia D., additional, Pollara, Justin, additional, Reeves, R. Keith, additional, and Ferrari, Guido, additional

Published
2023
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25. 8th IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment & Prevention 19–22 July 2015, Vancouver, Canada

Author

Pate, Kelly Metcalf, Pohlmeyer, Chris, Walker‐Sperling, Victoria, Foote, Jeremy, Najarro, Kevin, Cryer, Catherine, Salgado, Maria, Gama, Lucio, Engle, Elizabeth, Shirk, Erin, Queen, Suzanne, Chioma, Stanley, Vermillion, Meghan, Bullock, Brandon, Li, Ming, Lyons, Claire, Adams, Robert, Zink, Chris, Clements, Janice, Mankowski, Joseph, Blankson, Joel, Micci, Luca, Ryan, Emily, Fromentin, Rémi, Benne, Clarisse, Chomont, Nicolas, Lifson, Jeffrey, Paiardini, Mirko, Lee, Sulggi, Fromentin, Remi, Silicano, Robert, Silicano, Janet, Richman, Douglas, O'Doherty, Una, Palmer, Sarah, Burbelo, Peter, Deeks, Steven, Ghneim, Khader, Ahlers, Jeff, Fourati, Slim, Shive, Carey, Cameron, Mark, Mukerjee, Pranab, Ghannoum, Mahmoud, Rodriguez, Benigno, Lederman, Michael, Sekaly, Rafick, Frange, Pierre, Faye, Albert, Avettand‐Fenoel, Veronique, Bellaton, Erainna, Deschamps, Diane, Angin, Mathieu, Caillat‐Zucman, Sophie, Peytavin, Gilles, Le Chenadec, Jerome, Warszawski, Josiane, Rouzioux, Christine, Saez‐Cirion, Asier, Cohort, ANRS Epf‐Co10 Pediatric, Chang, Christina, Cameron, Paul, Elliott, Julian, Perelson, Alan, Roche, Michael, Dantanarayana, Ashanti, Solomon, Ajantha, Naranbhai, Vivek, Tenakoon, Surekha, Hoh, Rebecca, McMahon, James, Sikaris, Ken, Hartogensis, Wendy, Bacchetti, Peter, Hecht, Frederick, Deeks, Steve, Lewin, Sharon, Byrareddy, Siddappa, Arthos, James, Cicala, Claudia, Reimann, Keith, Parslow, Tristram, Santangelo, Philip, Villinger, Francois, Fauci, Anthony, Ansari, Aftab, George, Michael, Weiser, Barbara, Burger, Harold, Lewy, Tyler, Anastos, Kathryn, Asmuth, David, Somsouk, Ma, Hunt, Peter, Min, Zhong, Miller, Christopher, and Li, Xiao Dong

Subjects
Mental Health, Digestive Diseases, Infectious Diseases, Pediatric AIDS, Bioengineering, Prevention, Clinical Research, Genetics, Health Services, Pediatric, Behavioral and Social Science, HIV/AIDS, Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, 6.1 Pharmaceuticals, Infection, Reproductive health and childbirth, Good Health and Well Being, Clinical Sciences, Public Health and Health Services, Other Medical and Health Sciences
Published
2015

26. Defense-in-depth by mucosally administered anti-HIV dimeric IgA2 and systemic IgG1 mAbs: Complete protection of rhesus monkeys from mucosal SHIV challenge

Author

Sholukh, Anton M, Watkins, Jennifer D, Vyas, Hemant K, Gupta, Sandeep, Lakhashe, Samir K, Thorat, Swati, Zhou, Mingkui, Hemashettar, Girish, Bachler, Barbara C, Forthal, Donald N, Villinger, Francois, Sattentau, Quentin J, Weiss, Robin A, Agatic, Gloria, Corti, Davide, Lanzavecchia, Antonio, Heeney, Jonathan L, and Ruprecht, Ruth M

Subjects
Medical Microbiology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Immunology, Prevention, Vaccine Related, Vaccine Related (AIDS), Pediatric Research Initiative, HIV/AIDS, Immunization, Infectious Diseases, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Administration, Intravenous, Administration, Mucosal, Animals, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Antibodies, Neutralizing, HIV Antibodies, HIV-1, Humans, Immunity, Cellular, Immunity, Mucosal, Immunization, Passive, Immunoglobulin A, Immunoglobulin G, Macaca mulatta, Mucous Membrane, RNA, Viral, Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Simian Immunodeficiency Virus, T-Lymphocytes, IgA, IgG, Complete protection, Passive immunization, Rhesus monkey, SHIV-C mucosal challenge, Simian immunodeficiency virus, (6 max), Biological Sciences, Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Virology, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

Although IgA is the most abundantly produced immunoglobulin in humans, its role in preventing HIV-1 acquisition, which occurs mostly via mucosal routes, remains unclear. In our passive mucosal immunizations of rhesus macaques (RMs), the anti-HIV-1 neutralizing monoclonal antibody (nmAb) HGN194, given either as dimeric IgA1 (dIgA1) or dIgA2 intrarectally (i.r.), protected 83% or 17% of the RMs against i.r. simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) challenge, respectively. Data from the RV144 trial implied that vaccine-induced plasma IgA counteracted the protective effector mechanisms of IgG1 with the same epitope specificity. We thus hypothesized that mucosal dIgA2 might diminish the protection provided by IgG1 mAbs targeting the same epitope. To test our hypothesis, we administered HGN194 IgG1 intravenously (i.v.) either alone or combined with i.r. HGN194 dIgA2. We enrolled SHIV-exposed, persistently aviremic RMs protected by previously administered nmAbs; RM anti-human IgG responses were undetectable. However, low-level SIV Gag-specific proliferative T-cell responses were found. These animals resemble HIV-exposed, uninfected humans, in which local and systemic cellular immune responses have been observed. HGN194 IgG1 and dIgA2 used alone and the combination of the two neutralized the challenge virus equally well in vitro. All RMs given only i.v. HGN194 IgG1 became infected. In contrast, all RMs given HGN194 IgG1+dIgA2 were completely protected against high-dose i.r. SHIV-1157ipEL-p challenge. These data imply that combining suboptimal defenses at the mucosal and systemic levels can completely prevent virus acquisition. Consequently, active vaccination should focus on defense-in-depth, a strategy that seeks to build up defensive fall-back positions well behind the fortified frontline.

Published
2015

27. 8th IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention (IAS 2015).

Author

Pate, Kelly Metcalf, Pohlmeyer, Chris, Walker-Sperling, Victoria, Foote, Jeremy, Najarro, Kevin, Cryer, Catherine, Salgado, Maria, Gama, Lucio, Engle, Elizabeth, Shirk, Erin, Queen, Suzanne, Chioma, Stanley, Vermillion, Meghan, Bullock, Brandon, Li, Ming, Lyons, Claire, Adams, Robert, Zink, Chris, Clements, Janice, Mankowski, Joseph, Blankson, Joel, Micci, Luca, Ryan, Emily, Fromentin, Rémi, Benne, Clarisse, Chomont, Nicolas, Lifson, Jeffrey, Paiardini, Mirko, Lee, Sulggi, Fromentin, Remi, Silicano, Robert, Silicano, Janet, Richman, Douglas, O'Doherty, Una, Palmer, Sarah, Burbelo, Peter, Deeks, Steven, Ghneim, Khader, Ahlers, Jeff, Fourati, Slim, Shive, Carey, Cameron, Mark, Mukerjee, Pranab, Ghannoum, Mahmoud, Rodriguez, Benigno, Lederman, Michael, Sekaly, Rafick, Frange, Pierre, Faye, Albert, Avettand-Fenoel, Veronique, Bellaton, Erainna, Deschamps, Diane, Angin, Mathieu, Caillat-Zucman, Sophie, Peytavin, Gilles, Le Chenadec, Jerome, Warszawski, Josiane, Rouzioux, Christine, Saez-Cirion, Asier, Chang, Christina, Cameron, Paul, Elliott, Julian, Perelson, Alan, Roche, Michael, Dantanarayana, Ashanti, Solomon, Ajantha, Naranbhai, Vivek, Tenakoon, Surekha, Hoh, Rebecca, McMahon, James, Sikaris, Ken, Hartogensis, Wendy, Bacchetti, Peter, Hecht, Frederick, Deeks, Steve, Lewin, Sharon, Byrareddy, Siddappa, Arthos, James, Cicala, Claudia, Reimann, Keith, Parslow, Tristram, Santangelo, Philip, Villinger, Francois, Fauci, Anthony, Ansari, Aftab, George, Michael, Weiser, Barbara, Burger, Harold, Lewy, Tyler, Anastos, Kathryn, Asmuth, David, Somsouk, Ma, Hunt, Peter, Min, Zhong, Miller, Christopher, Li, Xiao Dong, and Hinkle, John

Subjects
Clinical Sciences, Public Health and Health Services, Other Medical and Health Sciences
Published
2015

28. Multimodality vaccination against clade C SHIV: Partial protection against mucosal challenges with a heterologous tier 2 virus

Author

Lakhashe, Samir K, Byrareddy, Siddappa N, Zhou, Mingkui, Bachler, Barbara C, Hemashettar, Girish, Hu, Shiu-Lok, Villinger, Francois, Else, James G, Stock, Shannon, Lee, Sandra J, Vargas-Inchaustegui, Diego A, Cofano, Egidio Brocca, Robert-Guroff, Marjorie, Johnson, Welkin E, Polonis, Victoria R, Forthal, Donald N, Loret, Erwann P, Rasmussen, Robert A, and Ruprecht, Ruth M

Published
2014

29. Passive immunization of macaques with polyclonal anti-SHIV IgG against a heterologous tier 2 SHIV: outcome depends on IgG dose

Author

Sholukh, Anton M, Byrareddy, Siddappa N, Shanmuganathan, Vivekanandan, Hemashettar, Girish, Lakhashe, Samir K, Rasmussen, Robert A, Watkins, Jennifer D, Vyas, Hemant K, Thorat, Swati, Brandstoetter, Tania, Mukhtar, Muhammad M, Yoon, John K, Novembre, Francis J, Villinger, Francois, Landucci, Gary, Forthal, Donald N, Ratcliffe, Sarah, Tuero, Iskra, Robert-Guroff, Marjorie, Polonis, Victoria R, Bilska, Miroslawa, Montefiori, David C, Johnson, Welkin E, Ertl, Hildegund C, and Ruprecht, Ruth M

Subjects
Macaque model, Heterologous R5 SHIV clade C challenge, SHIVIG, Passive immunization, Enhancement of infection, Non-human primate model
Abstract

BackgroundA key goal for HIV-1 envelope immunogen design is the induction of cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies (nAbs). As AIDS vaccine recipients will not be exposed to strains exactly matching any immunogens due to multiple HIV-1 quasispecies circulating in the human population worldwide, heterologous SHIV challenges are essential for realistic vaccine efficacy testing in primates. We assessed whether polyclonal IgG, isolated from rhesus monkeys (RMs) with high-titer nAbs (termed SHIVIG), could protect RMs against the R5-tropic tier-2 SHIV-2873Nip, which was heterologous to the viruses or HIV-1 envelopes that had elicited SHIVIG.ResultsSHIVIG demonstrated binding to HIV Gag, Tat, and Env of different clades and competed with the broadly neutralizing antibodies b12, VRC01, 4E10, and 17b. SHIVIG neutralized tier 1 and tier 2 viruses, including SHIV-2873Nip. NK-cell depletion decreased the neutralizing activity of SHIVIG 20-fold in PBMC assays. Although SHIVIG neutralized SHIV-2873Nip in vitro, this polyclonal IgG preparation failed to prevent acquisition after repeated intrarectal low-dose virus challenges, but at a dose of 400 mg/kg, it significantly lowered peak viremia (P = 0.001). Unexpectedly, single-genome analysis revealed a higher number of transmitted variants at the low dose of 25 mg/kg, implying increased acquisition at low SHIVIG levels. In vitro, SHIVIG demonstrated complement-mediated Ab-dependent enhancement of infection (C’-ADE) at concentrations similar to those observed in plasmas of RMs treated with 25 mg/kg of SHIVIG.ConclusionOur primate model data suggest a dual role for polyclonal anti-HIV-1 Abs depending on plasma levels upon virus encounter.

Published
2014

31. Blockade of TGF-β signaling reactivates HIV-1/SIV reservoirs and immune responses in vivo

Author

Samer, Sadia, primary, Thomas, Yanique, additional, Araínga, Mariluz, additional, Carter, Crystal, additional, Shirreff, Lisa M., additional, Arif, Muhammad S., additional, Avita, Juan M., additional, Frank, Ines, additional, McRaven, Michael D., additional, Thuruthiyil, Christopher T., additional, Heybeli, Veli B., additional, Anderson, Meegan R., additional, Owen, Benjamin, additional, Gaisin, Arsen, additional, Bose, Deepanwita, additional, Simons, Lacy M., additional, Hultquist, Judd F., additional, Arthos, James, additional, Cicala, Claudia, additional, Sereti, Irini, additional, Santangelo, Philip J., additional, Lorenzo-Redondo, Ramon, additional, Hope, Thomas J., additional, Villinger, Francois J., additional, and Martinelli, Elena, additional

Published
2023
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32. Germline-targeting SOSIP trimer immunization elicits precursor CD4 binding-site targeting broadly neutralizing antibodies in infant macaques.

Author

Nelson, Ashley N, primary, Shen, Xiaoying, additional, Venkatayogi, Sravani, additional, Zhang, Shiyu, additional, Ozorowski, Gabriel, additional, Dennis, Maria, additional, Sewall, Leigh M, additional, Milligan, Emma, additional, Davis, Dominique, additional, Cross, Kaitlyn, additional, Chen, Yue, additional, van Schooten, Jelle, additional, Eudaily, Joshua, additional, Isaac, John, additional, Memon, Saad, additional, Weinbaum, Carolyn, additional, Stanfield-Oakley, Sherry, additional, Byrd, Alliyah, additional, Chutkan, Suni, additional, Berendam, Stella, additional, Cronin, Kenneth, additional, Yasmeen, Anila, additional, Alam, S.Munir, additional, LeBranche, Celia, additional, Rogers, Kenneth, additional, Shirreff, Lisa, additional, Cupo, Albert, additional, Derking, Ronlad, additional, Villinger, Francois, additional, Klasse, Per Johan, additional, Ferrari, Guido, additional, Williams, Wilton B, additional, Hudgens, Michael G, additional, Ward, Andrew B, additional, Montefiori, David C, additional, VanRompay, Koen, additional, Wiehe, Kevin, additional, Moore, John P, additional, Sanders, Rogier W, additional, De Paris, Kristina, additional, and Permar, Sallie R, additional

Published
2023
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33. Intranasal parainfluenza virus type 5 (PIV5)–vectored RSV vaccine is safe and immunogenic in healthy adults in a phase 1 clinical study

Author

Spearman, Paul, primary, Jin, Hong, additional, Knopp, Kristeene, additional, Xiao, Peng, additional, Gingerich, Maria Cristina, additional, Kidd, Jamie, additional, Singh, Karnail, additional, Tellier, Marinka, additional, Radziewicz, Henry, additional, Wu, Samuel, additional, McGregor, Matthew, additional, Freda, Barbara, additional, Wang, Zhaoti, additional, John, Susan P., additional, Villinger, Francois J., additional, and He, Biao, additional

Published
2023
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34. IL‐21‐IgFc immunotherapy alters transcriptional landscape of lymph node cells leading to enhanced flu vaccine response in aging and SIV infection

Author

Pallikkuth, Suresh, primary, Kvistad, Daniel, additional, Sirupangi, Tirupataiah, additional, Kizhner, Alexander, additional, Pahwa, Rajendra, additional, Cameron, Mark J., additional, Richardson, Brian, additional, Williams, Sion, additional, Ayupe, Ana, additional, Brooks, Marissa, additional, Petrovas, Constantinos, additional, Villinger, Francois, additional, and Pahwa, Savita, additional

Published
2023
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35. TGF-β blockade drives a transitional effector phenotype in T cells reversing SIV latency and decreasing SIV reservoirsin vivo

Author

Kim, Jinhee, primary, Bose, Deepanwita, additional, Araínga, Mariluz, additional, Haque, Muhammad R., additional, Fennessey, Christine M, additional, Caddell, Rachel A, additional, Thomas, Yanique, additional, Ferrell, Douglas E, additional, Ali, Syed, additional, Grody, Emanuelle, additional, Goyal, Yogesh, additional, Cicala, Claudia, additional, Arthos, James, additional, Keele, Brandon F, additional, Vaccari, Monica, additional, Lorenzo-Redondo, Ramon, additional, Hope, Thomas J, additional, Villinger, Francois, additional, and Martinelli, Elena, additional

Published
2023
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37. Cigarette smoke and HIV synergistically affect lung pathology in cynomolgus macaques

Author

Chand, Hitendra S., Vazquez-Guillamet, Rodrigo, Royer, Christopher, Rudolph, Karin, Mishra, Neerad, Singh, Shashi P., Hussain, Shah S., Barrett, Edward, Callen, Shannon, Byrareddy, Siddappa N., Guillamet, Maria Cristina Vazquez, Abukhalaf, Jawad, Sheybani, Aryaz, Exil, Vernat, Raizada, Veena, Agarwal, Hemant, Nair, Madhavan, Villinger, Francois, Buch, Shilpa, and Sopori, Mohan

Subjects
Cigarette smoke -- Health aspects, HIV patients -- Health aspects, Lung diseases -- Risk factors -- Development and progression -- Genetic aspects, Macaques -- Research -- Health aspects, Smokers, Smoking, Proteins, Monkeys, Respiratory tract diseases, Chronic obstructive lung disease, Antiretroviral agents, HIV, Highly active antiretroviral therapy, Bronchitis, Mucins, Health care industry
Abstract

In the era of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), lung diseases such as chronic bronchitis (CB) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are common among persons living with HIV (PLWH), particularly smokers. Although smoking is highly prevalent among PLWH, HIV may be an independent risk factor for lung diseases; however, the role of HIV and cigarette smoke (CS) and their potential interaction in the development of chronic lung diseases among PLWH has not been delineated. To investigate this interaction, cynomolgus macaques were exposed to CS and/or simian-adapted human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) and treated with cART. The development of CB and the lung functions were evaluated following CS [+ or -] SHIV treatment. The results showed that in the lung, SHIV was a strong independent risk factor for goblet cell metaplasia/hyperplasia and mucus formation, MUC5AC synthesis, loss of tight junction proteins, and increased expression of Th2 cytokines/transcription factors. In addition, SHIV and CS synergistically reduced lung function and increased extrathoracic tracheal ring thickness. Interestingly, SHIV infection generated significant numbers of [HIV-gp120.sup.+] epithelial cells (HGECs) in small airways and alveoli, and their numbers doubled in CS+SHIV-infected lungs. We conclude that even with cART, SHIV independently induces CB and pro-COPD changes in the lung, and the effects are exacerbated by CS., IntroductionAlthough cART has dramatically improved the life span of persons living with HIV (PLWH) and transformed the infection to more or less a medically manageable chronic disease (1), the incidence [...]

Published
2018
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40. Control of a Mucosal Challenge and Prevention of AIDS by a Multiprotein DNA/MVA Vaccine

Author

Amara, Rama Rao, Villinger, Francois, Altman, John D., Lydy, Shari L., O'Neil, Shawn P., Staprans, Silvija I., Montefiori, David C., Xu, Yan, Herndon, James G., Wyatt, Linda S., Candido, Maria Angelito, Kozyr, Natalia L., Earl, Patricia L., Smith, James M., Ma, Hak-Ling, Grimm, Bennett D., Hulsey, Michael L., Miller, Joseph, McClure, Harold M., McNicholl, Janet M., Moss, Bernard, and Robinson, Harriet L.

Published
2001

45. Broadly neutralizing antibodies against sarbecoviruses generated by immunization of macaques with an AS03-adjuvanted COVID-19 vaccine

Author

Feng, Yupeng, primary, Yuan, Meng, additional, Powers, John M., additional, Hu, Mengyun, additional, Munt, Jennifer E., additional, Arunachalam, Prabhu S., additional, Leist, Sarah R., additional, Bellusci, Lorenza, additional, Kim, JungHyun, additional, Sprouse, Kaitlin R., additional, Adams, Lily E., additional, Sundaramurthy, Sumana, additional, Zhu, Xueyong, additional, Shirreff, Lisa M., additional, Mallory, Michael L., additional, Scobey, Trevor D., additional, Moreno, Alberto, additional, O’Hagan, Derek T., additional, Kleanthous, Harry, additional, Villinger, Francois J., additional, Veesler, David, additional, King, Neil P., additional, Suthar, Mehul S., additional, Khurana, Surender, additional, Baric, Ralph S., additional, Wilson, Ian A., additional, and Pulendran, Bali, additional

Published
2023
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47. Intranasal vaccination with lipid-conjugated immunogens promotes antigen transmucosal uptake to drive mucosal and systemic immunity

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering, Hartwell, Brittany L, Melo, Mariane B, Xiao, Peng, Lemnios, Ashley A, Li, Na, Chang, Jason YH, Yu, Jingyou, Gebre, Makda S, Chang, Aiquan, Maiorino, Laura, Carter, Crystal, Moyer, Tyson J, Dalvie, Neil C, Rodriguez-Aponte, Sergio A, Rodrigues, Kristen A, Silva, Murillo, Suh, Heikyung, Adams, Josetta, Fontenot, Jane, Love, J Christopher, Barouch, Dan H, Villinger, Francois, Ruprecht, Ruth M, Irvine, Darrell J, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering, Hartwell, Brittany L, Melo, Mariane B, Xiao, Peng, Lemnios, Ashley A, Li, Na, Chang, Jason YH, Yu, Jingyou, Gebre, Makda S, Chang, Aiquan, Maiorino, Laura, Carter, Crystal, Moyer, Tyson J, Dalvie, Neil C, Rodriguez-Aponte, Sergio A, Rodrigues, Kristen A, Silva, Murillo, Suh, Heikyung, Adams, Josetta, Fontenot, Jane, Love, J Christopher, Barouch, Dan H, Villinger, Francois, Ruprecht, Ruth M, and Irvine, Darrell J

Abstract

To combat the HIV epidemic and emerging threats such as SARS-CoV-2, immunization strategies are needed that elicit protection at mucosal portals of pathogen entry. Immunization directly through airway surfaces is effective in driving mucosal immunity, but poor vaccine uptake across the mucus and epithelial lining is a limitation. The major blood protein albumin is constitutively transcytosed bidirectionally across the airway epithelium through interactions with neonatal Fc receptors (FcRn). Exploiting this biology, here, we demonstrate a strategy of “albumin hitchhiking” to promote mucosal immunity using an intranasal vaccine consisting of protein immunogens modified with an amphiphilic albumin-binding polymer-lipid tail, forming amph-proteins. Amph-proteins persisted in the nasal mucosa of mice and nonhuman primates and exhibited increased uptake into the tissue in an FcRn-dependent manner, leading to enhanced germinal center responses in nasal-associated lymphoid tissue. Intranasal immunization with amph-conjugated HIV Env gp120 or SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD) proteins elicited 100- to 1000-fold higher antigen-specific IgG and IgA titers in the serum, upper and lower respiratory mucosa, and distal genitourinary mucosae of mice compared to unmodified protein. Amph-RBD immunization induced high titers of SARS-CoV-2–neutralizing antibodies in serum, nasal washes, and bronchoalveolar lavage. Furthermore, intranasal amph-protein immunization in rhesus macaques elicited 10-fold higher antigen-specific IgG and IgA responses in the serum and nasal mucosa compared to unmodified protein, supporting the translational potential of this approach. These results suggest that using amph-protein vaccines to deliver antigen across mucosal epithelia is a promising strategy to promote mucosal immunity against HIV, SARS-CoV-2, and other infectious diseases.

Published
2023

48. Sustained virologic control in SIV⁺ macaques after antiretroviral and α₄β₇ antibody therapy

Author

Byrareddy, Siddappa N., Arthos, James, Cicala, Claudia, Villinger, Francois, Ortiz, Kristina T., Little, Dawn, Sidell, Neil, Kane, Maureen A., Yu, Jianshi, Jones, Jace W., Santangelo, Philip J., Zurla, Chiara, McKinnon, Lyle R., Arnold, Kelly B., Woody, Caroline E., Walter, Lutz, Roos, Christian, Noll, Angela, Van Ryk, Donald, Jelicic, Katija, Cimbro, Raffaello, Gumber, Sanjeev, Reid, Michelle D., Adsay, Volkan, Amancha, Praveen K., Mayne, Ann E., Parslow, Tristram G., Fauci, Anthony S., and Ansari, Aftab A.

Published
2016

50. Extremely potent pan-sarbecovirus neutralizing antibodies generated by immunization of macaques with an AS03-adjuvanted monovalent subunit vaccine against SARS-CoV-2

Author

Feng, Yupeng, primary, Yuan, Meng, additional, Powers, John M., additional, Hu, Mengyun, additional, Munt, Jennifer E., additional, Arunachalam, Prabhu S., additional, Leist, Sarah R., additional, Bellusci, Lorenza, additional, Adams, Lily E., additional, Sundaramurthy, Sumana, additional, Shirreff, Lisa M., additional, Mallory, Michael L., additional, Scooby, Trevor D., additional, Moreno, Alberto, additional, O’Hagan, Derek T., additional, Kleanthous, Harry, additional, Villinger, Francois J., additional, Veesler, David, additional, King, Neil P., additional, Suthar, Mehul S., additional, Khurana, Surender, additional, Baric, Ralph S., additional, Wilson, Ian A., additional, and Pulendran, Bali, additional

Published
2023
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