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Before interacting with real users, developers must be proficient in human-computer interaction (HCI) so as not to exhaust user patience and availability. For that, substantial training and practice are required, but it is costly to create a variety of high-quality HCI training materials. In this context, ChatGPT and other chatbots based on large language models (LLMs) offer an opportunity to generate training materials of acceptable quality without foregoing specific human characteristics present in real-world scenarios. Personas is a user-centered design method that encompasses fictitious but believable user archetypes to help designers understand and empathize with their target audience during product design. We conducted an exploratory study on the Personas technique, addressing the validity and believability of interviews designed by HCI trainers and answered by ChatGPT-simulated users, which can be used as training material for persona creation. Specifically, we employed ChatGPT to respond to interviews designed by user experience (UX) experts. Two groups, HCI professors and professionals, then evaluated the validity of the generated materials considering quality, usefulness, user experience and ethics. The results show that both groups rated the interviews as believable and helpful for Personas training. However, some concerns about response repetition and low response variability suggested the need for further research on improved prompt design in order to generate more diverse and well-developed responses. The findings of this study provide insight into how HCI trainers can use ChatGPT to help their students master persona creation skills before working with real users in real-world scenarios for the first time.

El trastorno de déficit de atención e hiperactividad, más conocido como TDAH, es una realidad que afecta a muchos niños sobre todo en el ámbito escolar. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo el diseño de un sistema de apoyo en la educación para los alumnos con TDAH diagnosticado. Para alcanzar este objetivo, se han analizado en profundidad los fundamentos teóricos del trastorno, investigando las causas, síntomas, consecuencias y tipos asociados. Además, se ha recopilado información exhaustiva sobre los sistemas existentes que abordan parcialmente las necesidades actuales de los alumnos con TDAH en el entorno escolar. A raíz del estado del arte y de las entrevistas realizadas a diferentes perfiles de usuarios, se ha extraído la información necesaria para delimitar una serie de necesidades sin cubrir y descubrimientos relevantes. Una vez realizada esta investigación, se ha determinado el contexto de uso del sistema a desarrollar, incluyendo perfiles, tareas y entorno. En concreto los perfiles son el del padre o madre del alumno con TDAH, el orientador u orientadora que le trata, el profesor o profesora que le da clase y el propio alumno con el trastorno diagnosticado. Además de estos cuatro perfiles, las tareas más importantes que se han determinado son la organización del estudio para exámenes a corto y largo plazo, la organización de los apuntes y materiales de clase, la supervisión y control, la proporción de recursos que ayuden a los alumnos tanto en casa como en clase y el reconocimiento al esfuerzo. El desarrollo del prototipo de alta fidelidad se ha realizado con la herramienta Figma, con el objetivo de automatizar, simplificar y hacer más atractivas las tareas descritas en el contexto de uso. Para evaluar la utilidad del prototipo y su aportación de valor, se han realizado pruebas de usabilidad a seis usuarios potenciales. En total se han realizado siete pruebas para los usuarios para los que se ha realizado el diseño, los propios alumnos con TDAH, en las que tenía

El envejecimiento activo “permite a las personas realizar su potencial de bienestar físico, social y mental a lo largo de todo su ciclo vital y participar en la sociedad de acuerdo con sus necesidades, deseos y capacidades, mientras que les proporciona protección, seguridad y cuidados” (Organización Mundial de la Salud). Uno de los principales riesgos de la población mayor y anciana es el desarrollo de la fragilidad. El síndrome de la fragilidad define a los ancianos vulnerables que se caracteriza por una disminución de las reservas funcionales. Los ancianos frágiles tienen especial riesgo de sufrir eventos adversos, como caídas, declive funcional, discapacidad, la hospitalización e incluso mortalidad. El presente trabajo se enmarca en el sistema de seguimiento y mejora de la fragilidad y la promoción del envejecimiento saludable “ActiveUP”, que facilita dicho envejecimiento activo mediante la utilización de la tecnología. Dentro del sistema se ha desarrollado una aplicación de paciente que, entre otras funcionalidades, contempla una tabla de ejercicios desasistidos de 12 semanas de duración basada en Vivifrail (programa de Promoción del Ejercicio físico que es referente internacional de intervención comunitaria y hospitalaria para la prevención de la fragilidad y las caídas en las personas mayores). Como complemento a este sistema se ha diseñado e implementado un asistente motivacional que utiliza información sobre rasgos motivacionales de los usuarios, su estado motivacional (nivel de motivación) y su grado de interiorización del hábito del ejercicio diario (etapa de cambio) para ajustar la interfaz de usuario e iniciar interacciones personalizadas mediante mensajes y recursos motivacionales como “leaderboards” o clasificaciones, retos y estadísticas, con el objetivo de mejorar la adherencia al programa Vivifrail. ABSTRACT Active aging "enables people to realize their potential for physical, social, and mental well-being throughout their life course and to partici

En este trabajo se creará un diseño de alta fidelidad con el fin de combatir contra el desperdicio de alimentos. Para ello, se seguirá un enfoque centrado en el usuario, realizaremos un análisis del estado actual respecto al desperdicio de alimento, se identificará el contexto de uso centrándose en los usuarios potenciales y sus necesidades. Con esta información en mente, se procederá a diseñar y desarrollar un prototipo de alta fidelidad que será evaluado por usuarios reales, para obtener retroalimentación, encontrar problemas y áreas de mejora en el diseño. Finalmente, con los resultados obtenidos, mejoraremos el sistema y le pasaremos unas guías de accesibilidad. ABSTRACT In this project, a high-fidelity design will be created to combat food waste. To achieve this, a user-centered approach will be followed. We will conduct an analysis of the current state regarding food waste and identify the usage context by focusing on potential users and their needs. With this information in mind, we will proceed to design and develop a highfidelity prototype that will be evaluated by real users to gather feedback, identify problems, and areas for improvement in the design. Finally, based on the results obtained, we will enhance the system and provide accessibility guidelines.

Purpose : Frailty is a reversible multidimensional syndrome that puts older people at a high risk of adverse health outcomes. It has been proposed to emerge from the dysregulation of the complex system dynamics of physiologic control systems. We propose the analysis of the fractal complexity of hand movements as a new method to detect frailty in older adults. Methods : FRAIL scale and Fried’s phenotype scores were calculated for 1209 subjects—72.4 (5.2) y.o. 569 women—and 1279 subjects—72.6 (5.3) y.o. 604 women—in the pubicly available NHANES 2011–2014 data set, respectively. The fractal complexity of their hand movements was assessed with a detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) of their accelerometry records and a logistic regression model for frailty detection was fit. Results : Goodness-of-fit to a power law was excellent (R 2> 0.98). The association between complexity loss and frailty level was significant, Kruskal–Wallis test (df = 2, Chisq = 27.545, p-value < 0.001). The AUC of the logistic classifier was moderate (AUC with complexity = 0.69 vs. AUC without complexity = 0.67). Conclusion : Frailty can be characterized in this data set with the Fried phenotype. Non-dominant hand movements in free-living conditions are fractal processes regardless of age or frailty level and its complexity can be quantified with the exponent of a power law. Higher levels of complexity loss are associated with higher levels of frailty. This association is not strong enough to justify the use of complexity loss after adjusting for sex, age, and multimorbidity.

Objective: We aimed to co-create and evaluate an integrated system to follow-up frailty in a community dwelling environment and provide a multi-modal tailored intervention. Frailty and dependency among the older population are a major challenge to the sustainability of healthcare systems. Special attention must be paid to the needs and particularities of frail older persons as a vulnerable group. Methods: To ensure the solution fits all the stakeholders’ needs, we performed several participatory design activities with them, such as pluralistic usability walkthroughs, design workshops, usability tests and a pre-pilot. The participants in the activities were older people; their informal carers; and specialized and community care professionals. In total, 48 stakeholders participated. Results: We created and evaluated an integrated system consisting of four mobile applications and a cloud server, which has been evaluated through a 6-months clinical trial, where secondary endpoints were both usability and user experience evaluation. In total, 10 older adults and 12 healthcare professionals participated in the intervention group using the technological system. Both patients and professionals have positively evaluated their applications. Conclusion: Both older adults and healthcare professionals have considered the resulted system easy to use and learn, consistent and secure. In general terms, they also would like to keep using it in the future.

Background: Mobile apps are fundamental tools in today’s society for practical and social endeavors. However, these technologies are often not usable for older users. Given the increased use of mobile apps by this group of users and the impact that certain services may have on their quality of life, such as mobile health, personal finance, or online administrative procedures, a clear set of guidelines for mobile app designers is needed. Existing recommendations for older adults focus on investigations with certain groups of older adults or have not been extracted from experimental results. Objective: In this research work, we systematically reviewed the scientific literature that provided recommendations for the design of mobile apps based on usability testing with older adults and organized such recommendations into a meaningful set of design guidelines. Methods: We conducted a systematic literature review of journal and conference articles from 2010 to 2021. We included articles that carried out usability tests with populations aged >60 years and presented transferable guidelines on mobile software design, resulting in a final set of 40 articles. We then carried out a thematic analysis with 3 rounds of analysis to provide meaning to an otherwise diverse set of recommendations. At this stage, we discarded recommendations that were made by just 1 article, were based on a specific mobile app and were therefore nontransferrable, were based on other authors’ literature (as opposed to recommendations based on the results of usability tests), or were not sufficiently argued. With the remaining recommendations, we identified commonalities, wrote a faithful statement for each guideline, used a common language for the entire set, and organized the guidelines into categories, thereby giving shape to an otherwise diverse set of recommendations. Results: Among the 27 resulting guidelines, the rules Simplify and Increase the size and distance between interactive controls were t

Según la Confederación Autismo España, el trastorno del espectro del autismo, o TEA, «es un trastorno de origen neurobiológico que afecta a la configuración del sistema nervioso y al funcionamiento cerebral, dando lugar a dificultades en dos áreas principalmente: la comunicación e interacción social y la flexibilidad del pensamiento y de la conducta». Habitualmente, el TEA lleva asociado diversos problemas concretos del aprendizaje como la organización del tiempo, la planificación del estudio o la falta de motivación. Por eso, a lo largo de este proceso de análisis e identificación de usuarios, se investigará cómo se manifiestan estas dificultades, observando casos reales y realizando entrevistas a padres, docentes y alumnos. Toda la información recogida se utilizó en la realización del diseño de un sistema de gestión de alumnado y adaptación de contenido a sus necesidades según sus gustos y preferencias, totalmente orientado a ser utilizado por el profesorado. El diseño y sus distintas fases de prototipado fueron evaluados satisfactoriamente. ABSTRACT According to the Confederación Española Autismo (Spanish Autism Confederation), autism spectrum disorder, or ASD, "is a neurobiological disorder that affects the configuration of the nervous system and brain functioning, giving rise to difficulties in two main areas: communication and social interaction and flexibility of thought and behaviour." Typically, ASD is associated with various specific learning problems such as the organisation of time, study planning or lack of motivation. Therefore, throughout this process of analysing and identifying users, we will investigate how these difficulties manifest themselves, observing real cases and conducting interviews with parents, teachers and students. All the information collected was used in the realisation of the design of a student management system and adaptation of content to their needs according to their tastes and preferences, totally oriented to be used by teach

El Centro de Prevención de Deterioro Cognitivo del Ayuntamiento de Madrid presta sus servicios a toda la población que presente alteraciones cognitivas o de memoria. El término deterioro cognitivo describe una etapa intermedia comprendida entre la función cognitiva normal y la demencia o Alzheimer. Actualmente el Ayuntamiento de Madrid está trabajando, en colaboración con el Laboratorio de Ageing Lab de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, y el Hospital Universitario de Getafe, en un proyecto cuya finalidad es la mejora y mantenimiento de una plataforma online ya existente, para la ejecución de tareas de estimulación cognitiva. Dicha plataforma permite mantener un registro de la evolución de los usuarios en el desempeño de las tres áreas principales: lenguaje, atención y memoria. Los usuarios pueden acceder a dicha plataforma, bien a través de ordenadores personales, o bien desde dispositivos móviles. Actualmente, la plataforma consta de diversas pruebas, implementadas mediante tecnología HTML, JavaScript, CSS y PHP. Además se hace uso de una Base de Datos MySQL, que almacena los datos necesarios para el funcionamiento de las pruebas que lo requieren y, adicionalmente, almacena el progreso de la realización de los ejercicios de los usuarios registrados. Este trabajo presenta la mejora de dicha plataforma online, ampliando la base de datos de las pruebas, corrigiendo el software y la implementación de los ejercicios, y mejorando la adaptación a las diversas pantallas. Finalmente, se ha realizado una prueba de usabilidad en el Centro de Prevención de Deterioro Cognitivo de Madrid, analizando los resultados para una mejora futura de la plataforma.---ABSTRACT---The Centro de Prevención de Deterioro Cognitivo of the Madrid City Council provides its services to the entire population with cognitive or memory disorders. The term cognitive impairment describes an intermediate stage between normal cognitive function and dementia or Alzheimer's disease. Madrid City Council is

Frailty predisposes older persons to adverse events, and information and communication technologies can play a crucial role to prevent them. CAPACITY provides a means to remotely monitor variables with high predictive power for adverse events, enabling preventative personalized early interventions. This study aims at evaluating the usability, user experience, and acceptance of a novel mobile system to prevent disability. Usability was assessed using the system usability scale (SUS); user experience using the user experience questionnaire (UEQ); and acceptance with the technology acceptance model (TAM) and a customized quantitative questionnaire. Data were collected at baseline (recruitment), and after three and six months of use. Forty-six participants used CAPACITY for six months; nine dropped out, leaving a final sample of 37 subjects. SUS reached a maximum averaged value of 83.68 after six months of use; no statistically significant values have been found to demonstrate that usability improves with use, probably because of a ceiling effect. UEQ, obtained averages scores higher or very close to 2 in all categories. TAM reached a maximum of 51.54 points, showing an improvement trend. Results indicate the success of the participatory methodology, and support user centered design as a key methodology to design technologies for frail older persons. Involving potential end users and giving them voice during the design stage maximizes usability and acceptance.

This Master Thesis is focused on a research on the field of digital financial services focused on money transfer and payments. The main purpose of the work is to analyze and understand what is happening now in the industry, and how it has evolved so we can define some direction for the next steps. The thesis has been developed while working at the company Vipera Ibérica S.L., which is specialized in the development of digital payment methods. For this, a user-centered design approached has been used, dividing the research process in two parts: desk research and user interviews. The analysis of the entire research has led to several conclusions on how these services are approached, and also some ideas on what the next steps would be to take. The conclusions of this Master Thesis will provide some initial points in which to base the design of new concepts in money transfer and payment services or iterate existing ones.

La administración de inmuebles alquilados para una persona particular, como la parte arrendadora, puede suponer grandes dificultades a la hora de organizar todos los datos administrativos necesarios y, en particular, gestionar todos los gastos que produzca el inmueble, así como la correcta supervisión de todos los ingresos realizados por parte del arrendatario. Por otro lado, por parte de los arrendatarios, puede suponer un problema llevar el control de todos los recibos pagados y/o pendientes de abono al arrendador, así como una comunicación rápida y sencilla con el arrendador, esencial para una buena estancia de alquiler. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es diseñar y desarrollar una aplicación web para la gestión de los inmuebles alquilados, facilitando al arrendador, el control de los pagos, el soporte con modelos de documentación para realizar las tareas básicas de arrendador, la obtención de los datos necesarios para la declaración de la renta o la realización de todas las tareas administrativas relativas a los inmuebles y a sus inquilinos, además de aportar al arrendatario una herramienta para llevar el control de sus recibos y poder comunicarse con el arrendador de manera eficaz.---ABSTRACT---The administration of rented real estates for a particular person, as the leasing part, may involve great difficulties in organizing all the necessary administrative data and, in particular, managing all the expenses produced by the property, as well as the proper supervision of all revenue made by the lessee. On the other hand, on the part of the tenants, it may be a problem to take the control of all the receipts paid and / or pending payment to the lessor, as well as a quick and simple communication with the lessor, essential for a good rental stay. The main objective of this work is to design and develop a web application for the management of rented real estate, facilitating the lessor, the control of payments, the support with documentation models to perform t

The present paper describes a system for older people to self-administer the 30-s chair stand test (CST) at home without supervision. The system comprises a low-cost sensor to count sit-to-stand (SiSt) transitions, and an Android application to guide older people through the procedure. Two observational studies were conducted to test (i) the sensor in a supervised environment (n = 7; m = 83.29 years old, sd = 4.19; 5 female), and (ii) the complete system in an unsupervised one (n = 7; age 64-74 years old; 3 female). The participants in the supervised test were asked to perform a 30-s CST with the sensor, while a member of the research team manually counted valid transitions. Automatic and manual counts were perfectly correlated (Pearson's r = 1, p = 0.00). Even though the sample was small, none of the signals around the critical score were affected by harmful noise; p (harmless noise) = 1, 95% CI = (0.98, 1). The participants in the unsupervised test used the system in their homes for a month. None of them dropped out, and they reported it to be easy to use, comfortable, and easy to understand. Thus, the system is suitable to be used by older adults in their homes without professional supervision.

Lower-limb strength is a marker of functional decline in elders. This work studies the feasibility of using the quasi-periodic nature of the distance between a subjects' back and the chair backrest during a 30-s chair-stand test (CST) to carry out unsupervised measurements based on readings from a low-cost ultrasound sensor. The device comprises an ultrasound sensor, an Arduino UNO board, and a Bluetooth module. Sit-to-stand transitions are identified by filtering the signal with a moving minimum filter and comparing the output to an adaptive threshold. An inter-rater reliability (IRR) study was carried out to validate the device ability to count the same number of valid transitions as the gold-standard manual count. A group of elders (age: mean (m) = 80.79 years old, SD = 5.38; gender: 21 female and seven male) were asked to perform a 30-s CST using the device while a trained nurse manually counted valid transitions. Ultimately, a moving minimum filter was necessary to cancel the effect of outliers, likely produced because older people tend to produce more motion artefacts and, thus, noisier signals. While the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) for this study was good (ICC = 0.86, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.73, 0.93), it is not yet clear whether the results are sufficient to support clinical decision-making.

El trabajo que viene a continuación está centrado en la creación de una plataforma para la búsqueda de colaboradores en proyectos, en la que los usuarios podrán crear ideas de proyectos o colaborar en proyectos ya existentes. Para conseguir una plataforma final, se seguirá un desarrollo iterativo, en le que se creará un prototipo, se evaluarán y se analizara para después corregir posibles fallos y empezar de nuevo el proceso, hasta conseguir una plataforma totalmente usable. Para comenzar se realizará un análisis de los usuarios para poder obtener los distintos tipos de perfiles y como se usará la plataforma. Posteriormente, se realizará un prototipo de bajo nivel con unas determinadas pruebas para evaluar la usabilidad. Tras la evaluación con usuarios se corregirán los fallos obtenidos de las pruebas con usuarios y se repetirá el proceso. Tras la primera evaluación se realizará un segundo prototipo en un entorno real, un navegador web, consiguiendo así un producto lo más real posible. Finalizado el proceso de implementación de la plataforma se volverán a realizar pruebas con usuarios, y por último se evaluará si la plataforma realizada cumple con los objetivos.---ABSTRACT---The following work is focused on creating a platform for searching for project partners, where users can create project ideas or collaborate on existing projects. In order to achieve a final platform, an iterative development will be followed, in which a prototype will be created, evaluated and analyzed and then corrected possible failures and restart the process, until you get a fully usable platform. To start with, an analysis will be made of the users in order to obtain the different types of profiles and how the platform will be used. Subsequently, a low level prototype will be performed with certain tests to evaluate usability. After the user assessment, the failures obtained from the user tests will be corrected and the process will be repeated. After the first evaluation a second prototyp

Actualmente no existe un tratamiento 100% eficaz para las personas que padecen deterioro cognitivo leve, sólo existen terapias como la estimulación cognitiva para intentar mejorar. Cada vez hay más personas que lo padecen y más grupos de investigación intentando encontrar una forma de poder contribuir o ayudar a estas personas. Después de mucho tiempo avanzando en las nuevas tecnologías, cada vez se va adentrando más en el ámbito de la medicina para poder ayudar tanto a los doctores con sus pacientes como a los propios pacientes. Además, las nuevas tecnologías pueden ofrecer más facilidad y comodidad al poder realizarse desde su propia casa, así como ajustar las plataformas utilizadas para que sean atractivas, llamativas, entretenidas y usables. Este trabajo presenta el segundo ciclo del diseño e implementación de una plataforma experimental para personas que sufren deterioro cognitivo leve y que permita un seguimiento de sus progresos por parte del personal sanitario. Se ha incrementado el catálogo de la plataforma a 15 actividades implementadas mediante tecnología multiplataforma HTML5, JavaSc ript y PHP. A parte de las 15 pruebas que ofrece se ha mejorado incluyendo una zona de administración dónde los médicos puedan visualizar los resultados de sus pacientes y así poder analizarlos para su estudio, así como los elementos utilizados en la aplicación para ofrecer la posibilidad de aumentarlos, modificarlos o borrarlos. Al seguir tratándose de una web multiplataforma, la aplicación se adapta a ordenadores de sobremesa, dispositivos móviles y Tablets. Finalmente se ha ing dónde pueda ser probado tanto por los médicos del Centro como los pacientes para su posible subido a producción, y poder utilizarla a nivel real. Aun así, seguirá siendo evaluada y analizada mediante tests de usabilidad para posibles mejoras para una implementación futura.---ABSTRACT---Currently there is no 100% effective treatment for people with mild cognitive impairment, there are only therapies

The ageing of the population poses a threat to both public and private health and social systems. In the last 50 years, life expectancy has increased by an average of 20 years, and by the year 2050, life expectancy will exceed 90 years of age. However, quality of life in the last years of life is not guaranteed due to conditions such as functional decline and frailty, ultimately progressing to disability. Thus, the detection of such a condition in time is of utmost importance. This paper presents an ultrasonic sensor-based gait speed measurement device controlled via a mobile interface, which permits patients to self-assess physical performance. The system was developed and validated in an iterative process involving a total of 28 subjects (21 in the first round and 7 in the second one). After first evaluation at Hospital Universitario de Getafe, some technical problems arose whereas usability testing was well evaluated. The second version addressing the identified issues was technically validated at university premises with good and promising results. Future work envisages deployment of the system developed at subjects? homes to be remotely and unobtrusively monitored.