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Despite being the second most prevalent form of human trafficking, human trafficking for labour exploitation remains a victimisation process that has received little scholarly attention. This qualitative study, based on data from in-depth interviews with labour trafficking survivors in Spain, seeks to apprehend how they experienced that situation while giving them a voice and adopting a survivor-centric approach to the phenomenon. To this end, it first analyses from their perspective the process of their enslavement, as well as the feelings it engendered: from recruitment, to transfer, to exploitation, including the objective circumstances and means used. It then analyses the essential aspects of the process leading to their liberation, examining how the situation was ended, the type of assistance received and desired, and the recourse they had to a criminal law response. It concludes with a series of proposals for how labour trafficking should be institutionally addressed in view of the survivors' suggestions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Desistance from criminal careers among guerrilla women in Colombia is a little-studied reality to date. The present study was undertaken to address this gap in the research, particularly in light of the high rates of post-disarmament recidivism. Specifically, a qualitative model was developed to identify desistance in a group of women linked to the guerrillas and currently in prison, close to having served out their alternative post-disarmament sentences under Law 975/2005. The model analyzed psychological and subjective factors in these women indicative of desistance, such as: the initiation of new projects, social ties, and feelings of remorse, self-efficacy, and self-control. These factors theoretically explain the women's interest in staying away from criminal careers, as well as the risk of reoffending. The model was tested by conducting in-depth interviews with 20 women. As a general result, factors conducive to desistance from criminal careers were found to exist for 60% of the interviewed women, while 40% of the cases were at risk of recidivism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although trafficking in human beings was criminalized in Spain in 2010, data on this phenomenon are scarce and incomplete, consisting only of cases formally identified by police as having a very clear bias to trafficking for sexual exploitation. In an effort to increase empirical understanding, in 2019 we undertook quantitative research by gathering information on cases detected during 2017 and 2018. A questionnaire was distributed online to 757 stakeholders who could potentially have come across victims of trafficking. The 150 responses obtained provide valuable information about the number of victims, their profile, the dynamics of trafficking and the types of exploitation they suffered. The number of victims detected during the research period (n = 7448) is far higher than those officially identified (n = 458), which indicates that official cases may represent only the tip of the iceberg and point to the necessity of adopting measures to improve the identification system. Findings also show differences in victims' profiles, victimization dynamics and forms of exploitation depending on the type of trafficking that could be taken into account when designing intervention and prevention programmes in this matter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents results of a qualitative research aimed at analyzing how professionals work to support and protect victims of forced marriage in Spain. The study is based on the information gathered from professionals involved in criminal justice and in victim support with whom in-depth interviews were conducted. Given the increasingly common opinion favorable to address forced marriage from a victim-centred and intersectional perspective, away from those that focus on criminalization and cultural "otherness', the research presents the landscape of provisions aimed at preventing and supporting victims of forced marriage in this country. Additionally, the article gives an overview on how professionals adjust scarce resources and unclear paths to earlier detect and to better support victims of this complex phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recent process of criminalization of stalking in various European countries has proved to be complex, due to the diffuse nature of the phenomenon. One tool for helping to identify the most appropriate legal response to this issue is social perception studies. This article presents the findings of one such study conducted with a sample of 1010 university students, one of the population segments most victimized by stalking, based on two case scenarios. The aim was to determine, first, this population segment's perceptions of the incidence and seriousness of the stalking phenomenon and, second, their attitude regarding the proportionate legal response in cases of stalking, depending on both certain personal characteristics of the sample members and other variables related to the case scenario itself. The results show that the sample population's attitude with regard to the appropriate legal response in such cases is relatively nonpunitive. They also reveal distortions in the sample population's view of the incidence and seriousness of these behaviours: in contrast to the findings of stalking victimization studies, the respondents considered cases of stalking by strangers to be more serious. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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