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417 results on '"Vilanova E."'

1. Merphos

Author

Vilanova, E., primary, Estevez, J., additional, Estevan, C., additional, and Sogorb, M., additional

Published
2023
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3. Resolving pathways of interaction of mipafox and a sarin analog with human acetylcholinesterase by kinetics, mass spectrometry and molecular modeling approaches

Author

Mangas, I, Taylor, P, Vilanova, E, Estévez, J, França, TCC, Komives, E, and Radić, Z

Subjects
Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Biological Sciences, Aging, Acetylcholinesterase, Amino Acid Sequence, Catalytic Domain, Cholinesterase Inhibitors, Cholinesterase Reactivators, Humans, Isoflurophate, Kinetics, Models, Molecular, Molecular Sequence Data, Organophosphorus Compounds, Oximes, Paraoxon, Phosphorylation, Protein Conformation, Sarin, Serine, Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization, Organophosphorus compounds, Mipafox, Toxicology, Biochemistry and cell biology, Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences
Abstract

The hydroxyl oxygen of the catalytic triad serine in the active center of serine hydrolase acetylcholinesterase (AChE) attacks organophosphorus compounds (OPs) at the phosphorus atom to displace the primary leaving group and to form a covalent bond. Inhibited AChE can be reactivated by cleavage of the Ser-phosphorus bond either spontaneously or through a reaction with nucleophilic agents, such as oximes. At the same time, the inhibited AChE adduct can lose part of the molecule by progressive dealkylation over time in a process called aging. Reactivation of the aged enzyme has not yet been demonstrated. Here, our goal was to study oxime reactivation and aging reactions of human AChE inhibited by mipafox or a sarin analog (Flu-MPs, fluorescent methylphosphonate). Progressive reactivation was observed after Flu-MPs inhibition using oxime 2-PAM. However, no reactivation was observed after mipafox inhibition with 2-PAM or the more potent oximes used. A peptide fingerprinted mass spectrometry (MS) method, which clearly distinguished the peptide with the active serine (active center peptide, ACP) of the human AChE adducted with OPs, was developed by MALDI-TOF and MALDI-TOF/TOF. The ACP was detected with a diethyl-phosphorylated adduct after paraoxon inhibition, and with an isopropylmethyl-phosphonylated and a methyl-phosphonylated adduct after Flu-MPs inhibition and subsequent aging. Nevertheless, nonaged nonreactivated complexes were seen after mipafox inhibition and incubation with oximes, where MS data showed an ACP with an NN diisopropyl phosphoryl adduct. The kinetic experiments showed no reactivation of activity. The computational molecular model analysis of the mipafox-inhibited hAChE plots of energy versus distance between the atoms separated by dealkylation showed a high energy demand, thus little aging probability. However, with Flu-MPs and DFP, where aging was observed in our MS data and in previously published crystal structures, the energy demand calculated in modeling was lower and, consequently, aging appeared as a more likely reaction. We document here direct evidence for a phosphorylated hAChE refractory to oxime reactivation, although we observed no aging.

Published
2016

4. Hall effect in laser ablated Co_2(Mn,Fe)Si thin films

Author

Schneider, H., Vilanova, E., Balke, B., Felser, C., and Jakob, G.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Pulsed laser deposition was employed to grow thin films of the Heusler compounds Co_2MnSi and Co_2FeSi. Epitaxial growth was realized both directly on MgO (100) and on a Cr or Fe buffer layer. Structural analysis by x-ray and electron diffraction shows for both materials the ordered L2_1 structure. Bulk magnetization was determined with a SQUID magnetometer. The values agree with the Slater-Pauling rule for half-metallic Heusler compounds. On the films grown directly on the substrate measurements of the Hall effect have been performed. The normal Hall effect is nearly temperature independent and points towards a compensated Fermi surface. The anomalous contribution is found to be dominated by skew scattering. A remarkable sign change of both normal and anomalous Hall coefficients is observed on changing the valence electron count from 29 (Mn) to 30 (Fe)., Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures submitted to J Phys D

Published
2008
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14. The number of tree species on Earth

Author

Cazzolla Gatti, R., Reich, P., Gamarra, J., Crowther, T., Hui, C., Morera, A., Bastin, J.-F., de-Miguel, S., Nabuurs, G.-J., Svenning, J.-C., Serra-Diaz, J., Merow, C., Enquist, B., Kamenetsky, M., Lee, J., Zhu, J., Fang, J., Jacobs, D., Pijanowski, B., Banerjee, A., Giaquinto, R., Alberti, G., Almeyda Zambrano, A., Alvarez-Davila, E., Araujo-Murakami, A., Avitabile, V., Aymard, G., Balazy, R., Baraloto, C., Barroso, J., Bastian, M., Birnbaum, P., Bitariho, R., Bogaert, J., Bongers, F., Bouriaud, O., Brancalion, P., Brearley, F., Broadbent, E., Bussotti, F., Castro da Silva, W., César, R., Češljar, G., Chama Moscoso, V., Chen, H., Cienciala, E., Clark, C., Coomes, D., Dayanandan, S., Decuyper, M., Dee, L., Del Aguila Pasquel, J., Derroire, G., Djuikouo, M., Van Do, T., Dolezal, J., Đorđević, I., Engel, J., Fayle, T., Feldpausch, T., Fridman, J., Harris, D., Hemp, A., Hengeveld, G., Herault, B., Herold, M., Ibanez, T., Jagodzinski, A., Jaroszewicz, B., Jeffery, K., Johannsen, V., Jucker, T., Kangur, A., Karminov, V., Kartawinata, K., Kennard, D., Kepfer-Rojas, S., Keppel, G., Khan, M., Khare, P., Kileen, T., Kim, H., Korjus, H., Kumar, A., Laarmann, D., Labrière, N., Lang, M., Lewis, S., Lukina, N., Maitner, B., Malhi, Y., Marshall, A., Martynenko, O., Monteagudo Mendoza, A., Ontikov, P., Ortiz-Malavasi, E., Pallqui Camacho, N., Paquette, A., Park, M., Parthasarathy, N., Peri, P., Petronelli, P., Pfautsch, S., Phillips, O., Picard, N., Piotto, D., Poorter, L., Poulsen, J., Pretzsch, H., Ramírez-Angulo, H., Restrepo Correa, Z., Rodeghiero, M., Rojas Gonzáles, R., Rolim, S., Rovero, F., Rutishauser, E., Saikia, P., Salas-Eljatib, C., Shchepashchenko, D., Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Šebeň, V., Silveira, M., Slik, F., Sonké, B., Souza, A., Stereńczak, K., Svoboda, M., Taedoumg, H., Tchebakova, N., Terborgh, J., Tikhonova, E., Torres-Lezama, A., van der Plas, F., Vásquez, R., Viana, H., Vibrans, A., Vilanova, E., Vos, V., Wang, H.-F., Westerlund, B., White, L., Wiser, S., Zawiła-Niedźwiecki, T., Zemagho, L., Zhu, Z., Zo-Bi, I., Liang, J., Cazzolla Gatti, R., Reich, P., Gamarra, J., Crowther, T., Hui, C., Morera, A., Bastin, J.-F., de-Miguel, S., Nabuurs, G.-J., Svenning, J.-C., Serra-Diaz, J., Merow, C., Enquist, B., Kamenetsky, M., Lee, J., Zhu, J., Fang, J., Jacobs, D., Pijanowski, B., Banerjee, A., Giaquinto, R., Alberti, G., Almeyda Zambrano, A., Alvarez-Davila, E., Araujo-Murakami, A., Avitabile, V., Aymard, G., Balazy, R., Baraloto, C., Barroso, J., Bastian, M., Birnbaum, P., Bitariho, R., Bogaert, J., Bongers, F., Bouriaud, O., Brancalion, P., Brearley, F., Broadbent, E., Bussotti, F., Castro da Silva, W., César, R., Češljar, G., Chama Moscoso, V., Chen, H., Cienciala, E., Clark, C., Coomes, D., Dayanandan, S., Decuyper, M., Dee, L., Del Aguila Pasquel, J., Derroire, G., Djuikouo, M., Van Do, T., Dolezal, J., Đorđević, I., Engel, J., Fayle, T., Feldpausch, T., Fridman, J., Harris, D., Hemp, A., Hengeveld, G., Herault, B., Herold, M., Ibanez, T., Jagodzinski, A., Jaroszewicz, B., Jeffery, K., Johannsen, V., Jucker, T., Kangur, A., Karminov, V., Kartawinata, K., Kennard, D., Kepfer-Rojas, S., Keppel, G., Khan, M., Khare, P., Kileen, T., Kim, H., Korjus, H., Kumar, A., Laarmann, D., Labrière, N., Lang, M., Lewis, S., Lukina, N., Maitner, B., Malhi, Y., Marshall, A., Martynenko, O., Monteagudo Mendoza, A., Ontikov, P., Ortiz-Malavasi, E., Pallqui Camacho, N., Paquette, A., Park, M., Parthasarathy, N., Peri, P., Petronelli, P., Pfautsch, S., Phillips, O., Picard, N., Piotto, D., Poorter, L., Poulsen, J., Pretzsch, H., Ramírez-Angulo, H., Restrepo Correa, Z., Rodeghiero, M., Rojas Gonzáles, R., Rolim, S., Rovero, F., Rutishauser, E., Saikia, P., Salas-Eljatib, C., Shchepashchenko, D., Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Šebeň, V., Silveira, M., Slik, F., Sonké, B., Souza, A., Stereńczak, K., Svoboda, M., Taedoumg, H., Tchebakova, N., Terborgh, J., Tikhonova, E., Torres-Lezama, A., van der Plas, F., Vásquez, R., Viana, H., Vibrans, A., Vilanova, E., Vos, V., Wang, H.-F., Westerlund, B., White, L., Wiser, S., Zawiła-Niedźwiecki, T., Zemagho, L., Zhu, Z., Zo-Bi, I., and Liang, J.

Abstract

One of the most fundamental questions in ecology is how many species inhabit the Earth. However, due to massive logistical and financial challenges and taxonomic difficulties connected to the species concept definition, the global numbers of species, including those of important and well-studied life forms such as trees, still remain largely unknown. Here, based on global ground-sourced data, we estimate the total tree species richness at global, continental, and biome levels. Our results indicate that there are ∼73,000 tree species globally, among which ∼9,000 tree species are yet to be discovered. Roughly 40% of undiscovered tree species are in South America. Moreover, almost one-third of all tree species to be discovered may be rare, with very low populations and limited spatial distribution (likely in remote tropical lowlands and mountains). These findings highlight the vulnerability of global forest biodiversity to anthropogenic changes in land use and climate, which disproportionately threaten rare species and thus, global tree richness.

Published
2022

15. Impacto da braquiária na qualidade de solo e na produtividade de milho safrinha e de soja

Author

Mateus Mendes Vilanova e Silva, José Laercio Favarin, Maurício Roberto Cherubin, and Silas Maciel de Oliveira

Abstract

A qualidade do solo pode ser definida de forma simples como sua capacidade de funcionar, a qual pode ser mensurada por meio de índices. Dentre eles, destaca-se a ferramenta SMAF (soil management assessment framework), o qual integra indicadores biológicos, físicos e químicos do solo em um único índice. Este índice de qualidade do solo permite verificar o impacto do manejo adotado sobre o solo e relacioná-lo com a produtividade. No Brasil há vários tipos de manejo agrícola, com destaque para a integração lavoura-pecuária e o consórcio de plantas. Em ambos há um fato em comum o uso de forrageira tropical do gênero Urochloa. Na presente pesquisa foi testada a seguinte hipótese: a inclusão de forrageira no sistema de produção poderá melhorar os atributos físicos e biológicos e, por extensão, o índice de qualidade do solo, com aumento da produtividade agrícola. Para tanto, foram realizados dois experimentos: (i) milho safrinha em semeação direta sobre braquiária decumbens (sin. Urochloa decumbens) comparado ao solo lavrado mecanicamente (Piracicaba-SP) e (ii) soja após dois anos de integração lavoura-pecuária com duas forrageiras (Uroclhoa brizantha e Urochloa ruziziensis) (Primavera do Leste-MT). No experimento de milho safrinha constatou maior teor de carbono do solo, carbono da biomassa microbiana e da estabilidade de agregados na camada superficial do solo, a produtividade e o índice de qualidade de solo (SMAF) também foram superiores. No experimento de soja na integração lavoura-pecuária o índice de qualidade de solo (SMAF) não variou com a espécie de forrageira (Uroclhoa brizantha e Urochloa ruziziensis), embora a produtividade da soja tenha sido superior sob (Uroclhoa brizantha. O presente estudo revelou que a inclusão da forrageira tropical no sistema de produção aumentou a produtividade e a qualidade de solo. Soil quality can be defined in a simple way as the capacity of the soil to function, and can be measured through indexes. Among them, the SMAF (soil management assessment framework) stands out, through the integration of biological, physical and chemical indicators in a single index. The use of a soil quality index alows the verification of the management practices impacts on soil quality. In Brasil, there are plenty of management, highlighting crop livestock integration and the intercropping. There is a common point between them- the use of Urochloa tropical grasses. The present research aimed to test the following hypothesis: brachiaria incusion into the production sistem increases physical and biological attributes, and, by extension, the soil quality index, with positive consequences into maize and soybean yield. Two experiments were performed, one in Piracicaba city, in the state of São Paulo, with off-season maize cultivated in a tillaged area and in a no-till area, previously cultivated with brachiaria. The other experiment was performed in Primavera do Leste city, in the state of Mato Grosso, with soybean maneged after two years of livestock, in crop-lisvestock areas cultivated with Uroclhoa brizantha and Urochloa ruziziensis. For the Piracicaba experiment, higher values of soil organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon and aggregate stability on the soil shalow layer were observed, for the management after brachiaria. Maize yield and the SMAF soil quality index were also higher for this management. For the Primavera do Leste experiment, there were no differences betwen managements for the SMAF index. Soybean yield, however, was higher for the management after Uroclhoa brizantha. The present work revealed that the brachiaria inclusion into the sistem is associated with increases in crop yield and in soil quality.

Published
2022
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18. Long-term decline of the Amazon carbon sink

Author

Brienen, R. J. W., Phillips, O. L., Feldpausch, T. R., Gloor, E., Baker, T. R., Lloyd, J., Lopez-Gonzalez, G., Monteagudo-Mendoza, A., Malhi, Y., Lewis, S. L., Vásquez Martinez, R., Alexiades, M., Álvarez Dávila, E., Alvarez-Loayza, P., Andrade, A., Aragão, L. E. O. C., Araujo-Murakami, A., Arets, E. J. M. M., Arroyo, L., Aymard, G. A. C., Bánki, O. S., Baraloto, C., Barroso, J., Bonal, D., Boot, R. G. A., Camargo, J. L. C., Castilho, C. V., Chama, V., Chao, K. J., Chave, J., Comiskey, J. A., Cornejo Valverde, F., da Costa, L., de Oliveira, E. A., Di Fiore, A., Erwin, T. L., Fauset, S., Forsthofer, M., Galbraith, D. R., Grahame, E. S., Groot, N., Hérault, B., Higuchi, N., Honorio Coronado, E. N., Keeling, H., Killeen, T. J., Laurance, W. F., Laurance, S., Licona, J., Magnussen, W. E., Marimon, B. S., Marimon-Junior, B. H., Mendoza, C., Neill, D. A., Nogueira, E. M., Núñez, P., Pallqui Camacho, N. C., Parada, A., Pardo-Molina, G., Peacock, J., Peña-Claros, M., Pickavance, G. C., Pitman, N. C. A., Poorter, L., Prieto, A., Quesada, C. A., Ramírez, F., Ramírez-Angulo, H., Restrepo, Z., Roopsind, A., Rudas, A., Salomão, R. P., Schwarz, M., Silva, N., Silva-Espejo, J. E., Silveira, M., Stropp, J., Talbot, J., ter Steege, H., Teran-Aguilar, J., Terborgh, J., Thomas-Caesar, R., Toledo, M., Torello-Raventos, M., Umetsu, R. K., van der Heijden, G. M. F., van der Hout, P., Guimarães Vieira, I. C., Vieira, S. A., Vilanova, E., Vos, V. A., and Zagt, R. J.

Published
2015
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31. The global abundance of tree palms

Author

Muscarella, R., Emilio, T., Phillips, O.L., Lewis, S.L., Slik, F., Baker, W.J., Couvreur, T.L.P., Eiserhardt, W.L., Svenning, J.-C., Affum-Baffoe, K., Aiba, S.-I., de Almeida, E.C., de Almeida, S.S., de Oliveira, E.A., Álvarez-Dávila, E., Alves, L.F., Alvez-Valles, C.M., Carvalho, F.A., Guarin, F.A., Andrade, A., Aragão, L.E.O.C., Murakami, A.A., Arroyo, L., Ashton, P.S., Corredor, G.A.A., Baker, T.R., de Camargo, P.B., Barlow, J., Bastin, J.-F., Bengone, N.N., Berenguer, E., Berry, N., Blanc, L., Böhning-Gaese, K., Bonal, D., Bongers, F., Bradford, M., Brambach, F., Brearley, F.Q., Brewer, S.W., Camargo, J.L.C., Campbell, D.G., Castilho, C.V., Castro, W., Catchpole, D., Cerón Martínez, C.E., Chen, S., Chhang, P., Cho, P., Chutipong, W., Clark, C., Collins, M., Comiskey, J.A., Medina, M.N.C., Costa, F.R.C., Culmsee, H., David-Higuita, H., Davidar, P., del Aguila-Pasquel, J., Derroire, G., Di Fiore, A., Van Do, T., Doucet, J.-L., Dourdain, A., Drake, D.R., Ensslin, A., Erwin, T., Ewango, C.E.N., Ewers, R.M., Fauset, S., Feldpausch, T.R., Ferreira, J., Ferreira, L.V., Fischer, M., Franklin, J., Fredriksson, G.M., Gillespie, T.W., Gilpin, M., Gonmadje, C., Gunatilleke, A.U.N., Hakeem, K.R., Hall, J.S., Hamer, K.C., Harris, D.J., Harrison, R.D., Hector, A., Hemp, A., Herault, B., Pizango, C.G.H., Coronado, E.N.H., Hubau, W., Hussain, M.S., Ibrahim, F.-H., Imai, N., Joly, C.A., Joseph, S., Anitha, K., Kartawinata, K., Kassi, J., Killeen, T.J., Kitayama, K., Klitgård, B.B., Kooyman, R., Labrière, N., Larney, E., Laumonier, Y., Laurance, S.G., Laurance, W.F., Lawes, M.J., Levesley, A., Lisingo, J., Lovejoy, T., Lovett, J.C., Lu, X., Lykke, A.M., Magnusson, W.E., Mahayani, N.P.D., Malhi, Y., Mansor, A., Peña, J.L.M., Marimon-Junior, B.H., Marshall, A.R., Melgaco, K., Bautista, C.M., Mihindou, V., Millet, J., Milliken, W., Mohandass, D., Mendoza, A.L.M., Mugerwa, B., Nagamasu, H., Nagy, L., Seuaturien, N., Nascimento, M.T., Neill, D.A., Neto, L.M., Nilus, R., Vargas, M.P.N., Nurtjahya, E., de Araújo, R.N.O., Onrizal, O., Palacios, W.A., Palacios-Ramos, S., Parren, M., Paudel, E., Morandi, P.S., Pennington, R.T., Pickavance, G., Pipoly J.J., III, Pitman, N.C.A., Poedjirahajoe, E., Poorter, L., Poulsen, J.R., Rama Chandra Prasad, P., Prieto, A., Puyravaud, J.-P., Qie, L., Quesada, C.A., Ramírez-Angulo, H., Razafimahaimodison, J.C., Reitsma, J.M., Requena-Rojas, E.J., Correa, Z.R., Rodriguez, C.R., Roopsind, A., Rovero, F., Rozak, A., Lleras, A.R., Rutishauser, E., Rutten, G., Punchi-Manage, R., Salomão, R.P., Van Sam, H., Sarker, S.K., Satdichanh, M., Schietti, J., Schmitt, C.B., Marimon, B.S., Senbeta, F., Nath Sharma, L., Sheil, D., Sierra, R., Silva-Espejo, J.E., Silveira, M., Sonké, B., Steininger, M.K., Steinmetz, R., Stévart, T., Sukumar, R., Sultana, A., Sunderland, T.C.H., Suresh, H.S., Tang, J., Tanner, E., ter Steege, H., Terborgh, J.W., Theilade, I., Timberlake, J., Torres-Lezama, A., Umunay, P., Uriarte, M., Gamarra, L.V., van de Bult, M., van der Hout, P., Martinez, R.V., Vieira, I.C.G., Vieira, S.A., Vilanova, E., Cayo, J.V., Wang, O., Webb, C.O., Webb, E.L., White, L., Whitfeld, T.J.S., Wich, S., Willcock, S., Wiser, S.K., Young, K.R., Zakaria, R., Zang, R., Zartman, C.E., Zo-Bi, I.C., Balslev, H., Muscarella, R., Emilio, T., Phillips, O.L., Lewis, S.L., Slik, F., Baker, W.J., Couvreur, T.L.P., Eiserhardt, W.L., Svenning, J.-C., Affum-Baffoe, K., Aiba, S.-I., de Almeida, E.C., de Almeida, S.S., de Oliveira, E.A., Álvarez-Dávila, E., Alves, L.F., Alvez-Valles, C.M., Carvalho, F.A., Guarin, F.A., Andrade, A., Aragão, L.E.O.C., Murakami, A.A., Arroyo, L., Ashton, P.S., Corredor, G.A.A., Baker, T.R., de Camargo, P.B., Barlow, J., Bastin, J.-F., Bengone, N.N., Berenguer, E., Berry, N., Blanc, L., Böhning-Gaese, K., Bonal, D., Bongers, F., Bradford, M., Brambach, F., Brearley, F.Q., Brewer, S.W., Camargo, J.L.C., Campbell, D.G., Castilho, C.V., Castro, W., Catchpole, D., Cerón Martínez, C.E., Chen, S., Chhang, P., Cho, P., Chutipong, W., Clark, C., Collins, M., Comiskey, J.A., Medina, M.N.C., Costa, F.R.C., Culmsee, H., David-Higuita, H., Davidar, P., del Aguila-Pasquel, J., Derroire, G., Di Fiore, A., Van Do, T., Doucet, J.-L., Dourdain, A., Drake, D.R., Ensslin, A., Erwin, T., Ewango, C.E.N., Ewers, R.M., Fauset, S., Feldpausch, T.R., Ferreira, J., Ferreira, L.V., Fischer, M., Franklin, J., Fredriksson, G.M., Gillespie, T.W., Gilpin, M., Gonmadje, C., Gunatilleke, A.U.N., Hakeem, K.R., Hall, J.S., Hamer, K.C., Harris, D.J., Harrison, R.D., Hector, A., Hemp, A., Herault, B., Pizango, C.G.H., Coronado, E.N.H., Hubau, W., Hussain, M.S., Ibrahim, F.-H., Imai, N., Joly, C.A., Joseph, S., Anitha, K., Kartawinata, K., Kassi, J., Killeen, T.J., Kitayama, K., Klitgård, B.B., Kooyman, R., Labrière, N., Larney, E., Laumonier, Y., Laurance, S.G., Laurance, W.F., Lawes, M.J., Levesley, A., Lisingo, J., Lovejoy, T., Lovett, J.C., Lu, X., Lykke, A.M., Magnusson, W.E., Mahayani, N.P.D., Malhi, Y., Mansor, A., Peña, J.L.M., Marimon-Junior, B.H., Marshall, A.R., Melgaco, K., Bautista, C.M., Mihindou, V., Millet, J., Milliken, W., Mohandass, D., Mendoza, A.L.M., Mugerwa, B., Nagamasu, H., Nagy, L., Seuaturien, N., Nascimento, M.T., Neill, D.A., Neto, L.M., Nilus, R., Vargas, M.P.N., Nurtjahya, E., de Araújo, R.N.O., Onrizal, O., Palacios, W.A., Palacios-Ramos, S., Parren, M., Paudel, E., Morandi, P.S., Pennington, R.T., Pickavance, G., Pipoly J.J., III, Pitman, N.C.A., Poedjirahajoe, E., Poorter, L., Poulsen, J.R., Rama Chandra Prasad, P., Prieto, A., Puyravaud, J.-P., Qie, L., Quesada, C.A., Ramírez-Angulo, H., Razafimahaimodison, J.C., Reitsma, J.M., Requena-Rojas, E.J., Correa, Z.R., Rodriguez, C.R., Roopsind, A., Rovero, F., Rozak, A., Lleras, A.R., Rutishauser, E., Rutten, G., Punchi-Manage, R., Salomão, R.P., Van Sam, H., Sarker, S.K., Satdichanh, M., Schietti, J., Schmitt, C.B., Marimon, B.S., Senbeta, F., Nath Sharma, L., Sheil, D., Sierra, R., Silva-Espejo, J.E., Silveira, M., Sonké, B., Steininger, M.K., Steinmetz, R., Stévart, T., Sukumar, R., Sultana, A., Sunderland, T.C.H., Suresh, H.S., Tang, J., Tanner, E., ter Steege, H., Terborgh, J.W., Theilade, I., Timberlake, J., Torres-Lezama, A., Umunay, P., Uriarte, M., Gamarra, L.V., van de Bult, M., van der Hout, P., Martinez, R.V., Vieira, I.C.G., Vieira, S.A., Vilanova, E., Cayo, J.V., Wang, O., Webb, C.O., Webb, E.L., White, L., Whitfeld, T.J.S., Wich, S., Willcock, S., Wiser, S.K., Young, K.R., Zakaria, R., Zang, R., Zartman, C.E., Zo-Bi, I.C., and Balslev, H.

Abstract

Aim: Palms are an iconic, diverse and often abundant component of tropical ecosystems that provide many ecosystem services. Being monocots, tree palms are evolutionarily, morphologically and physiologically distinct from other trees, and these differences have important consequences for ecosystem services (e.g., carbon sequestration and storage) and in terms of responses to climate change. We quantified global patterns of tree palm relative abundance to help improve understanding of tropical forests and reduce uncertainty about these ecosystems under climate change. Location: Tropical and subtropical moist forests. Time period: Current. Major taxa studied: Palms (Arecaceae). Methods: We assembled a pantropical dataset of 2,548 forest plots (covering 1,191 ha) and quantified tree palm (i.e., ≥10 cm diameter at breast height) abundance relative to co-occurring non-palm trees. We compared the relative abundance of tree palms across biogeographical realms and tested for associations with palaeoclimate stability, current climate, edaphic conditions and metrics of forest structure. Results: On average, the relative abundance of tree palms was more than five times larger between Neotropical locations and other biogeographical realms. Tree palms were absent in most locations outside the Neotropics but present in >80% of Neotropical locations. The relative abundance of tree palms was more strongly associated with local conditions (e.g., higher mean annual precipitation, lower soil fertility, shallower water table and lower plot mean wood density) than metrics of long-term climate stability. Life-form diversity also influenced the patterns; palm assemblages outside the Neotropics comprise many non-tree (e.g., climbing) palms. Finally, we show that tree palms can influence estimates of above-ground biomass, but the magnitude and direction of the effect require additional work. Conclusions: Tree palms are not only quintessentially tropical, but they are also overwhelmingly Neot

Published
2020

39. Estimating aboveground net biomass change for tropical and subtropical forests: Refinement of IPCC default rates using forest plot data

Author

Requena Suarez, D, Rozendaal, DMA, De Sy, V, Phillips, OL, Alvarez-Dávila, E, Anderson-Teixeira, K, Araujo-Murakami, A, Arroyo, L, Baker, TR, Bongers, F, Brienen, RJW, Carter, S, Cook-Patton, SC, Feldpausch, TR, Griscom, BW, Harris, N, Hérault, B, Honorio Coronado, EN, Leavitt, SM, Lewis, SL, Marimon, BS, Monteagudo Mendoza, A, Kassi N'dja, J, N'Guessan, AE, Poorter, L, Qie, L, Rutishauser, E, Sist, P, Sonké, B, Sullivan, MJP, Vilanova, E, Wang, MMH, Martius, C, Herold, M, Requena Suarez, D, Rozendaal, DMA, De Sy, V, Phillips, OL, Alvarez-Dávila, E, Anderson-Teixeira, K, Araujo-Murakami, A, Arroyo, L, Baker, TR, Bongers, F, Brienen, RJW, Carter, S, Cook-Patton, SC, Feldpausch, TR, Griscom, BW, Harris, N, Hérault, B, Honorio Coronado, EN, Leavitt, SM, Lewis, SL, Marimon, BS, Monteagudo Mendoza, A, Kassi N'dja, J, N'Guessan, AE, Poorter, L, Qie, L, Rutishauser, E, Sist, P, Sonké, B, Sullivan, MJP, Vilanova, E, Wang, MMH, Martius, C, and Herold, M

Abstract

© 2019 The Authors. Global Change Biology Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd As countries advance in greenhouse gas (GHG) accounting for climate change mitigation, consistent estimates of aboveground net biomass change (∆AGB) are needed. Countries with limited forest monitoring capabilities in the tropics and subtropics rely on IPCC 2006 default ∆AGB rates, which are values per ecological zone, per continent. Similarly, research into forest biomass change at a large scale also makes use of these rates. IPCC 2006 default rates come from a handful of studies, provide no uncertainty indications and do not distinguish between older secondary forests and old-growth forests. As part of the 2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, we incorporate ∆AGB data available from 2006 onwards, comprising 176 chronosequences in secondary forests and 536 permanent plots in old-growth and managed/logged forests located in 42 countries in Africa, North and South America and Asia. We generated ∆AGB rate estimates for younger secondary forests (≤20 years), older secondary forests (>20 years and up to 100 years) and old-growth forests, and accounted for uncertainties in our estimates. In tropical rainforests, for which data availability was the highest, our ∆AGB rate estimates ranged from 3.4 (Asia) to 7.6 (Africa) Mg ha−1 year−1 in younger secondary forests, from 2.3 (North and South America) to 3.5 (Africa) Mg ha−1 year−1 in older secondary forests, and 0.7 (Asia) to 1.3 (Africa) Mg ha−1 year−1 in old-growth forests. We provide a rigorous and traceable refinement of the IPCC 2006 default rates in tropical and subtropical ecological zones, and identify which areas require more research on ∆AGB. In this respect, this study should be considered as an important step towards quantifying the role of tropical and subtropical forests as carbon sinks with higher accuracy; our new rates can be used for large-scale GHG accounting by governmental bodies, n

Published
2019

40. Compositional response of Amazon forests to climate change

Author

Esquivel-Muelbert, A, Baker, TR, Dexter, KG, Lewis, SL, Brienen, RJW, Feldpausch, TR, Lloyd, J, Monteagudo-Mendoza, A, Arroyo, L, Álvarez-Dávila, E, Higuchi, N, Marimon, BS, Marimon-Junior, BH, Silveira, M, Vilanova, E, Gloor, E, Malhi, Y, Chave, J, Barlow, J, Bonal, D, Davila Cardozo, N, Erwin, T, Fauset, S, Hérault, B, Laurance, S, Poorter, L, Qie, L, Stahl, C, Sullivan, MJP, ter Steege, H, Vos, VA, Zuidema, PA, Almeida, E, Almeida de Oliveira, E, Andrade, A, Vieira, SA, Aragão, L, Araujo-Murakami, A, Arets, E, Aymard C, GA, Baraloto, C, Camargo, PB, Barroso, JG, Bongers, F, Boot, R, Camargo, JL, Castro, W, Chama Moscoso, V, Comiskey, J, Cornejo Valverde, F, Lola da Costa, AC, del Aguila Pasquel, J, Di Fiore, A, Fernanda Duque, L, Elias, F, Engel, J, Flores Llampazo, G, Galbraith, D, Herrera Fernández, R, Honorio Coronado, E, Hubau, W, Jimenez-Rojas, E, Lima, AJN, Umetsu, RK, Laurance, W, Lopez-Gonzalez, G, Lovejoy, T, Aurelio Melo Cruz, O, Morandi, PS, Neill, D, Núñez Vargas, P, Pallqui Camacho, NC, Parada Gutierrez, A, Pardo, G, Peacock, J, Peña-Claros, M, Peñuela-Mora, MC, Petronelli, P, Pickavance, GC, Pitman, N, Prieto, A, Quesada, C, Ramírez-Angulo, H, Réjou-Méchain, M, Restrepo Correa, Z, Roopsind, A, Rudas, A, Salomão, R, Silva, N, Silva Espejo, J, Singh, J, Stropp, J, Terborgh, J, Thomas, R, Toledo, M, Torres-Lezama, A, Valenzuela Gamarra, L, van de Meer, PJ, van der Heijden, G, van der Hout, P, Esquivel-Muelbert, A, Baker, TR, Dexter, KG, Lewis, SL, Brienen, RJW, Feldpausch, TR, Lloyd, J, Monteagudo-Mendoza, A, Arroyo, L, Álvarez-Dávila, E, Higuchi, N, Marimon, BS, Marimon-Junior, BH, Silveira, M, Vilanova, E, Gloor, E, Malhi, Y, Chave, J, Barlow, J, Bonal, D, Davila Cardozo, N, Erwin, T, Fauset, S, Hérault, B, Laurance, S, Poorter, L, Qie, L, Stahl, C, Sullivan, MJP, ter Steege, H, Vos, VA, Zuidema, PA, Almeida, E, Almeida de Oliveira, E, Andrade, A, Vieira, SA, Aragão, L, Araujo-Murakami, A, Arets, E, Aymard C, GA, Baraloto, C, Camargo, PB, Barroso, JG, Bongers, F, Boot, R, Camargo, JL, Castro, W, Chama Moscoso, V, Comiskey, J, Cornejo Valverde, F, Lola da Costa, AC, del Aguila Pasquel, J, Di Fiore, A, Fernanda Duque, L, Elias, F, Engel, J, Flores Llampazo, G, Galbraith, D, Herrera Fernández, R, Honorio Coronado, E, Hubau, W, Jimenez-Rojas, E, Lima, AJN, Umetsu, RK, Laurance, W, Lopez-Gonzalez, G, Lovejoy, T, Aurelio Melo Cruz, O, Morandi, PS, Neill, D, Núñez Vargas, P, Pallqui Camacho, NC, Parada Gutierrez, A, Pardo, G, Peacock, J, Peña-Claros, M, Peñuela-Mora, MC, Petronelli, P, Pickavance, GC, Pitman, N, Prieto, A, Quesada, C, Ramírez-Angulo, H, Réjou-Méchain, M, Restrepo Correa, Z, Roopsind, A, Rudas, A, Salomão, R, Silva, N, Silva Espejo, J, Singh, J, Stropp, J, Terborgh, J, Thomas, R, Toledo, M, Torres-Lezama, A, Valenzuela Gamarra, L, van de Meer, PJ, van der Heijden, G, and van der Hout, P

Abstract

© 2018 The Authors. Global Change Biology Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Most of the planet's diversity is concentrated in the tropics, which includes many regions undergoing rapid climate change. Yet, while climate-induced biodiversity changes are widely documented elsewhere, few studies have addressed this issue for lowland tropical ecosystems. Here we investigate whether the floristic and functional composition of intact lowland Amazonian forests have been changing by evaluating records from 106 long-term inventory plots spanning 30 years. We analyse three traits that have been hypothesized to respond to different environmental drivers (increase in moisture stress and atmospheric CO 2 concentrations): maximum tree size, biogeographic water-deficit affiliation and wood density. Tree communities have become increasingly dominated by large-statured taxa, but to date there has been no detectable change in mean wood density or water deficit affiliation at the community level, despite most forest plots having experienced an intensification of the dry season. However, among newly recruited trees, dry-affiliated genera have become more abundant, while the mortality of wet-affiliated genera has increased in those plots where the dry season has intensified most. Thus, a slow shift to a more dry-affiliated Amazonia is underway, with changes in compositional dynamics (recruits and mortality) consistent with climate-change drivers, but yet to significantly impact whole-community composition. The Amazon observational record suggests that the increase in atmospheric CO 2 is driving a shift within tree communities to large-statured species and that climate changes to date will impact forest composition, but long generation times of tropical trees mean that biodiversity change is lagging behind climate change.

Published
2019

41. Compositional response of Amazon forests to climate change

Author

Esquivel-Muelbert, A., Baker, T.R., Dexter, K.G., Lewis, S.L., Brienen, R.J.W., Feldpausch, T.R., Lloyd, J., Monteagudo-Mendoza, A., Arroyo, L., Álvarez-Dávila, E., Higuchi, N., Marimon, B.S., Marimon-Junior, B.H., Silveira, M., Vilanova, E., Gloor, E., Malhi, Y., Chave, J., Barlow, J., Bonal, D., Davila Cardozo, N., Erwin, T., Fauset, S., Hérault, B., Laurance, S., Poorter, L., Qie, L., Stahl, C., Sullivan, M.J.P., ter Steege, H., Vos, V.A., Zuidema, P.A., Almeida, E., Almeida de Oliveira, E., Andrade, A., Vieira, S.A., Aragão, L., Araujo-Murakami, A., Arets, E., Aymard C, G.A., Baraloto, C., Camargo, P.B., Barroso, J.G., Bongers, F., Boot, R., Camargo, J.L., Castro, W., Chama Moscoso, V., Comiskey, J., Cornejo Valverde, F., Lola da Costa, A.C., del Aguila Pasquel, J., Di Fiore, A., Fernanda Duque, L., Elias, F., Engel, J., Flores Llampazo, G., Galbraith, D., Herrera Fernández, R., Honorio Coronado, E., Hubau, W., Jimenez-Rojas, E., Lima, A.J.N., Umetsu, R.K., Laurance, W., Lopez-Gonzalez, G., Lovejoy, T., Aurelio Melo Cruz, O., Morandi, P.S., Neill, D., Núñez Vargas, P., Pallqui Camacho, N.C., Parada Gutierrez, A., Pardo, G., Peacock, J., Peña-Claros, M., Peñuela-Mora, M.C., Petronelli, P., Pickavance, G.C., Pitman, N., Prieto, A., Quesada, C., Ramírez-Angulo, H., Réjou-Méchain, M., Restrepo Correa, Z., Roopsind, A., Rudas, A., Salomão, R., Silva, N., Silva Espejo, J., Singh, J., Stropp, J., Terborgh, J., Thomas, R., Toledo, M., Torres-Lezama, A., Valenzuela Gamarra, L., van de Meer, P.J., van der Heijden, G., van der Hout, P., Vasquez Martinez, R., Vela, C., Vieira, I.C.G., Phillips, O.L., Esquivel-Muelbert, A., Baker, T.R., Dexter, K.G., Lewis, S.L., Brienen, R.J.W., Feldpausch, T.R., Lloyd, J., Monteagudo-Mendoza, A., Arroyo, L., Álvarez-Dávila, E., Higuchi, N., Marimon, B.S., Marimon-Junior, B.H., Silveira, M., Vilanova, E., Gloor, E., Malhi, Y., Chave, J., Barlow, J., Bonal, D., Davila Cardozo, N., Erwin, T., Fauset, S., Hérault, B., Laurance, S., Poorter, L., Qie, L., Stahl, C., Sullivan, M.J.P., ter Steege, H., Vos, V.A., Zuidema, P.A., Almeida, E., Almeida de Oliveira, E., Andrade, A., Vieira, S.A., Aragão, L., Araujo-Murakami, A., Arets, E., Aymard C, G.A., Baraloto, C., Camargo, P.B., Barroso, J.G., Bongers, F., Boot, R., Camargo, J.L., Castro, W., Chama Moscoso, V., Comiskey, J., Cornejo Valverde, F., Lola da Costa, A.C., del Aguila Pasquel, J., Di Fiore, A., Fernanda Duque, L., Elias, F., Engel, J., Flores Llampazo, G., Galbraith, D., Herrera Fernández, R., Honorio Coronado, E., Hubau, W., Jimenez-Rojas, E., Lima, A.J.N., Umetsu, R.K., Laurance, W., Lopez-Gonzalez, G., Lovejoy, T., Aurelio Melo Cruz, O., Morandi, P.S., Neill, D., Núñez Vargas, P., Pallqui Camacho, N.C., Parada Gutierrez, A., Pardo, G., Peacock, J., Peña-Claros, M., Peñuela-Mora, M.C., Petronelli, P., Pickavance, G.C., Pitman, N., Prieto, A., Quesada, C., Ramírez-Angulo, H., Réjou-Méchain, M., Restrepo Correa, Z., Roopsind, A., Rudas, A., Salomão, R., Silva, N., Silva Espejo, J., Singh, J., Stropp, J., Terborgh, J., Thomas, R., Toledo, M., Torres-Lezama, A., Valenzuela Gamarra, L., van de Meer, P.J., van der Heijden, G., van der Hout, P., Vasquez Martinez, R., Vela, C., Vieira, I.C.G., and Phillips, O.L.

Abstract

Most of the planet's diversity is concentrated in the tropics, which includes many regions undergoing rapid climate change. Yet, while climate-induced biodiversity changes are widely documented elsewhere, few studies have addressed this issue for lowland tropical ecosystems. Here we investigate whether the floristic and functional composition of intact lowland Amazonian forests have been changing by evaluating records from 106 long-term inventory plots spanning 30 years. We analyse three traits that have been hypothesized to respond to different environmental drivers (increase in moisture stress and atmospheric CO 2 concentrations): maximum tree size, biogeographic water-deficit affiliation and wood density. Tree communities have become increasingly dominated by large-statured taxa, but to date there has been no detectable change in mean wood density or water deficit affiliation at the community level, despite most forest plots having experienced an intensification of the dry season. However, among newly recruited trees, dry-affiliated genera have become more abundant, while the mortality of wet-affiliated genera has increased in those plots where the dry season has intensified most. Thus, a slow shift to a more dry-affiliated Amazonia is underway, with changes in compositional dynamics (recruits and mortality) consistent with climate-change drivers, but yet to significantly impact whole-community composition. The Amazon observational record suggests that the increase in atmospheric CO 2 is driving a shift within tree communities to large-statured species and that climate changes to date will impact forest composition, but long generation times of tropical trees mean that biodiversity change is lagging behind climate change.

Published
2019

42. Converting the Distinct Heparins Sourced from Bovine or Porcine Mucosa into a Single Anticoagulant Drug

Author

Tovar, Ana, additional, Vairo, Bruno, additional, Oliveira, Stephan-Nicollas, additional, Glauser, Bianca, additional, Santos, Gustavo, additional, Capillé, Nina, additional, Piquet, Adriana, additional, Santana, Paloma, additional, Micheli, Kayene, additional, Pereira, Mariana, additional, Vilanova, E., additional, and Mourão, Paulo, additional

Published
2019
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49. Amazon forest response to repeated droughts

Author

Feldpausch, T. R., Phillips, O. L., Brienen, R. J. W., Gloor, E., Lloyd, J., Lopez-Gonzalez, G., Monteagudo-Mendoza, A., Malhi, Y., Alarcón, A., Dávila, E. Álvarez, Alvarez-Loayza, P., Andrade, A., Aragao, L. E. O. C., Arroyo, L., Aymard C, G. A., Baker, T. R., Baraloto, C., Barroso, J., Bonal, D., Castro, W., Chama, V., Chave, J., Domingues, T. F., Fauset, S., Groot, N., Honorio Coronado, E., Laurance, S., Laurance, W. F., Lewis, S. L., Licona, J. C., Marimon, B. S., Marimon-Junior, B. H., Mendoza Bautista, C., Neill, D. A., Oliveira, E. A., Santos, C. Oliveira Dos, Pallqui Camacho, N. C., Pardo-Molina, G., Prieto, A., Quesada, C. A., Ramírez, F., Ramírez-Angulo, H., Réjou-Méchain, M., Rudas, A., Saiz, G., Salomão, R. P., Silva-Espejo, J. E., Silveira, M., Steege, H. Ter, Stropp, J., Terborgh, J., Thomas-Caesar, R., Heijden, G. M. F., Vásquez Martinez, R., Vilanova, E., Vincent Antoine Vos, Chercheur indépendant, Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] (EEF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Urgency, Standard, and Consortium NE/I02982X/1, Niche Evolution of South American Trees NE/I028122/1, AMAZONICA NE/F005806/1, TROBIT NE/D005590/1, European Union 282664, CNPq/PELD 403725/2012-7, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, ERC, Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES), Brazil, 177/2012 European Research Council, Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award, Investissement d'Avenir grants of the ANR CEBA: ANR-10-LABX-25-01 TULIP: ANR-10-LABX-0041, CNES funds (TOSCA), Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments project 694, and The Royal Society

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], TROPICAL FORESTS, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, precipitation, INDUCED TREE MORTALITY, LIANAS, MECHANISMS, BIOMASS, PLOTS, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences, 0402 Geochemistry, Geosciences, Multidisciplinary, water deficit, forest productivity, Science & Technology, CLIMATE-CHANGE, vegetation dynamics, carbon, fungi, food and beverages, Geology, RAIN-FOREST, SOILS, Physical Sciences, tree mortality, GROWTH, 0401 Atmospheric Sciences, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Environmental Sciences
Abstract

The Amazon Basin has experienced more variable climate over the last decade, with a severe and widespread drought in 2005 causing large basin-wide losses of biomass. A drought of similar climatological magnitude occurred again in 2010; however, there has been no basin-wide ground-based evaluation of effects on vegetation. We examine to what extent the 2010 drought affected forest dynamics using ground-based observations of mortality and growth from an extensive forest plot network. We find that during the 2010 drought interval, forests did not gain biomass (net change: −0.43 Mg ha−1, confidence interval (CI): −1.11, 0.19, n = 97), regardless of whether forests experienced precipitation deficit anomalies. This contrasted with a long-term biomass sink during the baseline pre-2010 drought period (1998 to pre-2010) of 1.33 Mg ha−1 yr−1 (CI: 0.90, 1.74, p

Published
2016
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