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2. Developing a New Tool to Implement Computer-Supported Active Learning Strategies in the Engineering Classroom

Author

Tizón, Juan M., Sierra, Pablo, de León, Luis Sánchez, Navarro, Emilio, Vilá, Javier, and Moral, José F.

Subjects
Computer Science - Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science
Abstract

Successful implementation of active learning strategies in the engineering classroom -- and in particular in certain subjects which are highly technological in nature such as, for instance, rocket engines and space propulsion -- means overcoming certain challenges that arise from the fact that these are extremely complex systems to analyze. In this paper, we address the specific means to overcome one of such challenges: the lack of readily available software tools that are suitable for implementing this sort of teaching strategies within the engineering training. In particular, we develop a new tool for the modeling and simulation of liquid-propellant rocket engines specially tailored for the classroom, taking a systematic approach to the development of such tool based on the needs of modern teaching practices. After a thorough review of the available literature on the topic, the few most critical features that our tool should have in order to serve its purported goal are identified. Subsequently, a pilot experience to assess the impact of the usage of said tool on the learners' performance was carried out, showcasing excellent results, both in terms of the students' perceived quality of their training as well as in terms of their grade of retention and understanding of the matter. The conclusions of this study, especially the guidelines for the development of software tools aimed at the classroom, nevertheless, should be applicable to any other highly technological discipline, extending the scope of this paper beyond merely the subject of rocket science in engineering.

Published
2021

7. The role of nonlinearities in topological protection: using magnetically coupled fidget spinners

Author

Vila, Javier, Paulino, Glaucio H., and Ruzzene, Massimo

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

We investigate and experimentally observe the existence of topologically protected interface modes in a one-dimensional mechanical lattice, and we report on the effect of nonlinearities on topological protection. The lattice consists of a one-dimensional array of spinners with nearest neighbor coupling resulting from magnetic interactions. The distance between the spinners is spatially modulated to obtain a diatomic configuration, and to produce a non-trivial interface by breaking spatial inversion symmetry. For small amplitudes of motion, the interactions are approximately linear, and the system supports topologically protected interface modes at frequencies inside the bulk bandgaps of the lattice. Nonlinearities induced by increasing amplitude of motion cause the interface modes to shift outside the bandgaps and merge with the bulk bands. The resulting edge-to-bulk transition causes the extinction of the topologically protected interface mode and extends it to the entire length of the chain. Such transition is predicted by analytical calculations and verified by experimental observations. The paper thus investigates the existence of topologically protected interface modes obtained through broken spatial inversion symmetry, and documents their lack of robustness in the presence of nonlinearities.

Published
2018
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8. Occupational exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields and brain tumor risk: Application of the INTEROCC job‐exposure matrix.

Author

Turuban, Maxime, Kromhout, Hans, Vila, Javier, Vallbona‐Vistós, Miquel, De Vocht, Frank, Baldi, Isabelle, Richardson, Lesley, Benke, Geza, Krewski, Daniel, Parent, Marie‐Elise, Sadetzki, Siegal, Schlehofer, Brigitte, Schüz, Joachim, Siemiatycki, Jack, van Tongeren, Martie, Woodward, Alistair, Cardis, Elisabeth, and Turner, Michelle C.

Subjects
OCCUPATIONAL exposure, BRAIN tumors, ELECTROMAGNETIC fields, ELECTRIC fields, MENINGIOMA
Abstract

Radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF‐EMF, 100 kHz to 300 GHz) are classified by IARC as possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B). This study evaluates the potential association between occupational RF‐EMF exposure and brain tumor risk, utilizing for the first time, a RF‐EMF job‐exposure matrix (RF‐JEM) developed in the multi‐country INTEROCC case–control study. Cumulative and time‐weighted average (TWA) occupational RF‐EMF exposures were estimated for study participants based on lifetime job histories linked to the RF‐JEM using three different methods: (1) by considering RF‐EMF intensity among all exposed jobs, (2) by considering RF‐EMF intensity among jobs with an exposure prevalence ≥ the median exposure prevalence of all exposed jobs, and (3) by considering RF‐EMF intensity of jobs of participants who reported RF‐EMF source use. Stratified conditional logistic regression models were used, considering various lag periods and exposure time windows defined a priori. Generally, no clear associations were found for glioma or meningioma risk. However, some statistically significant positive associations were observed including in the highest exposure categories for glioma for cumulative and TWA exposure in the 1‐ to 4‐year time window for electric fields (E) in the first JEM application method (odds ratios [ORs] = 1.36, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.08, 1.72 and 1.27, 95% CI 1.01, 1.59, respectively), as well as for meningioma for cumulative exposure in the 5‐ to 9‐year time window for electric fields (E) in the third JEM application method (OR = 2.30, 95% CI 1.11, 4.78). We did not identify convincing associations between occupational RF‐EMF exposure and risk of glioma or meningioma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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9. Observation of topological valley modes in an elastic hexagonal lattice

Author

Vila, Javier, Pal, Raj K., and Ruzzene, Massimo

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Physics - Classical Physics
Abstract

We report on the experimental observation of topologically protected edge waves in a two-dimensional elastic hexagonal lattice. The lattice is designed to feature K point Dirac cones that are well separated from the other numerous elastic wave modes characterizing this continuous structure. We exploit the arrangement of localized masses at the nodes to break mirror symmetry at the unit cell level, which opens a frequency bandgap. This produces a non-trivial band structure that supports topologically protected edge states along the interface between two realizations of the lattice obtained through mirror symmetry. Detailed numerical models support the investigations of the occurrence of the edge states, while their existence is verified through full-field experimental measurements. The test results show the confinement of the topologically protected edge states along pre-defined interfaces and illustrate the lack of significant backscattering at sharp corners. Experiments conducted on a trivial waveguide in an otherwise uniformly periodic lattice reveal the inability of a perturbation to propagate and its sensitivity to backscattering, which suggests the superior waveguiding performance of the class of non-trivial interfaces investigated herein., Comment: 18 pages, 7 figures, full length article

Published
2017
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10. Amplitude-dependent topological edge states in nonlinear phononic lattices

Author

Pal, Raj Kumar, Vila, Javier, Leamy, Michael, and Ruzzene, Massimo

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

This work investigates the effect of nonlinearities on topologically protected edge states in one and two-dimensional phononic lattices. We first show that localized modes arise at the interface between two spring-mass chains that are inverted copies of each other. Explicit expressions derived for the frequencies of the localized modes guide the study of the effect of cubic nonlinearities on the resonant characteristics of the interface which are shown to be described by a Duffing-like equation. Nonlinearities produce amplitude-dependent frequency shifts, which in the case of a softening nonlinearity cause the localized mode to migrate to the bulk spectrum. The case of a hexagonal lattice implementing a phononic analogue of a crystal exhibiting the quantum spin Hall effect is also investigated in the presence of weakly nonlinear cubic springs. An asymptotic analysis provides estimates of the amplitude dependence of the localized modes, while numerical simulations illustrate how the lattice response transitions from bulk-to-edge mode-dominated by varying the excitation amplitude. In contrast with the interface mode of the first example studies, this occurs both for hardening and softening springs. The results of this study provide a theoretical framework for the investigation of nonlinear effects that induce and control topologically protected wave-modes through nonlinear interactions and amplitude tuning., Comment: 17 pages, 13 figures

Published
2017
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11. A Bloch-based procedure for dispersion analysis of lattices with periodic time-varying properties

Author

Vila, Javier, Pal, Raj Kumar, Ruzzene, Massimo, and Trainiti, Giuseppe

Subjects
Physics - Classical Physics
Abstract

We present a procedure for the systematic estimation of the dispersion properties of linear discrete systems with periodic time-varying coefficients. The approach relies on the analysis of a single unit cell, making use of Bloch theorem along with the application of a harmonic balance methodology over an imposed solution ansatz. The solution of the resulting eigenvalue problem is followed by a procedure that selects the eigen-solutions corresponding to the ansatz, which is a plane wave defined by a frequency-wavenumber pair. Examples on spring-mass superlattices demonstrate the effectiveness of the method at predicting the dispersion behavior of linear elastic media. The matrix formulation of the problem suggests the broad applicability of the proposed technique. Furthermore, it is shown how dispersion can inform about the dynamic behavior of time-modulated finite lattices. The technique can be extended to multiple areas of physics, such as acoustic, elastic and electromagnetic systems, where periodic time-varying material properties may be used to obtain non-reciprocal wave propagation.

Published
2017
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12. Non-toxic nature of nano-biosorbents as a positive approach toward green environment

Author

Khan, Sabir, primary, Zeb, Shakeel, additional, Vega-Chacón, Jaime, additional, Torres, Sergio Espinoza, additional, Martínez, Sandra Quispe, additional, López, Rosario, additional, Mejía, Ily Marilú Maza, additional, Hernández, Christian Ronald Jacinto, additional, Vila, Javier Lobaton, additional, Cornejo, Eduardo Jara, additional, Aquino, Charles Pizan, additional, Mortari, Bianca, additional, Borges, Luis Fernando Tavares, additional, Ruiz-Córdova, Gerson A., additional, Carhuas, Fredy Lucho Rondinel, additional, Sotomayor, Maria Del Pilar Taboada, additional, and Picasso, Gino, additional

Published
2022
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13. Contributors

Author

Aguilar-Pérez, Katya M., primary, Ajala, Oluwaseun J., additional, Akhter, Mohammed Salim, additional, Alguacil, F.J., additional, Ali, Akbar, additional, Ali, Nisar, additional, Aquino, Charles Pizan, additional, Bagheri, Ahmad Reza, additional, Bhuyan, Ranjan K., additional, Bilal, Muhammad, additional, Borges, Luis Fernando Tavares, additional, Çalışır, Merve, additional, Carhuas, Fredy Lucho Rondinel, additional, Chatur, Swati, additional, Çimen, Duygu, additional, Ćirić, Andrija, additional, Cornejo, Eduardo Jara, additional, Dabhane, Harshal, additional, De, Anindita, additional, Denizli, Adil, additional, Dotto, Guilherme L., additional, Esmaeili, Hossein, additional, Fallah, Zari, additional, Ferreira-Neto, Elias Paiva, additional, Geramifard, Alipasha, additional, Ghotekar, Suresh, additional, Göktürk, Ilgım, additional, Guin, Mridula, additional, Gurbuz, Fatma, additional, Hernández, Christian Ronald Jacinto, additional, Ighalo, Joshua O., additional, Iqbal, Hafiz M.N., additional, Jadhav, Ghanshyam, additional, Kaprara, Efthimia, additional, Kausar, Fahmeeda, additional, Khadir, A., additional, Khan, Adnan, additional, Khan, Sabir, additional, Kisan, Bhagaban, additional, Kokkinos, Evgenios, additional, Krstić, Vesna, additional, Kumari, Minashree, additional, Lima, Eder C., additional, López, Rosario, additional, Magri, Agnes, additional, Malik, Sumeet, additional, Martínez, Sandra Quispe, additional, Medhane, Vijay, additional, Medina, Dora I., additional, Mejía, Ily Marilú Maza, additional, Milić, Snežana, additional, Moghadas, Bahareh Kamyab, additional, Mohapatra, Ranjan K., additional, Mortari, Bianca, additional, Murthy, H.C. Ananda, additional, Mussagy, Cassamo Ussemane, additional, Nazish, Nadia, additional, Nguyen, Tuan Anh, additional, Odabaşı, Mehmet, additional, Oza, Rajeshwari, additional, Özbek, Merve Asena, additional, Padil, Vinod V.T., additional, Parra-Saldivar, Roberto, additional, Parveen, Rashida, additional, Picasso, Gino, additional, Rasheed, Tahir, additional, Rizwan, Komal, additional, Robla, J.I., additional, Roy, Arpita, additional, Ruiz-Córdova, Gerson A., additional, Ruiz-Pulido, Gustavo, additional, Sanap, Dnyaneshwar, additional, Shafi, Sameera, additional, Simeonidis, Konstantinos, additional, Singh, N.B., additional, Sivakumar, V.M., additional, Sohni, Saima, additional, Sotomayor, Maria Del Pilar Taboada, additional, Tajbakhsh, Mahmood, additional, Tamjidi, Sajad, additional, Thirumarimurugan, M., additional, Torres, Sergio Espinoza, additional, Uđilanović, Marina, additional, Ullah, Sajjad, additional, Uma Maheswari, B., additional, Umenweke, Great C., additional, Urošević, Tamara, additional, Vega-Chacón, Jaime, additional, Vieira, Yasmin, additional, Vila, Javier Lobaton, additional, Wenjie, Ye, additional, Yang, Yong, additional, Yılmaz, Fatma, additional, Zare, Ehsan Nazarzadeh, additional, Zeb, Shakeel, additional, Zhou, Cao, additional, and Zouboulis, Anastasios, additional

Published
2022
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14. Comparison of a radiofrequency electric and magnetic field source-based job-exposure matrix with personal radiofrequency exposure measurements.

Author

Turuban, Maxime, Kromhout, Hans, Vila, Javier, Vocht, Frank de, Vallbona-Vistós, Miquel, Baldi, Isabelle, Cardis, Elisabeth, and Turner, Michelle C

Subjects
RESEARCH funding, DATA analysis, ENVIRONMENTAL monitoring, WORK environment, ELECTROMAGNETIC fields, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, OCCUPATIONAL exposure, STATISTICS, RADIO waves, COMPARATIVE studies
Abstract

Objectives Assessing occupational exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) presents significant challenges due to the considerable variability in exposure levels within and between occupations. This spatial and temporal variability complicates the reliable evaluation of potential health risks associated with RF-EMF exposure in the workplace. Accurate assessment methods are crucial to understand the extent of exposure and to evaluate potential health risks, especially given the potential for higher exposures in occupational settings compared to the general population. This study compares the historical RF-EMF exposure estimates in the INTEROCC RF-EMF job-exposure matrix (RF-JEM) with recent personal measurement data collected in 2 countries as part of the OccRF-Health study, to assess the broader applicability of the RF-JEM. Methods Weighted kappa (k w) coefficients and Spearman rank correlation tests were performed to assess the alignment between RF-JEM estimates and measurements for 8 h time-weighted average exposure intensity and prevalence estimates across various occupations. The comparisons were mainly based on 22 jobs having ≥5 measured workers in the OccRF-Health study. Results Poor agreement was found for both exposure prevalence and intensity between both methods (k w < 0.1). RF-JEM values likely overestimated exposure levels for both electric (E) and magnetic (H) fields (mean percentage difference >194%) compared to current personal measurements. Conclusions Findings suggest that the INTEROCC-JEM likely overestimates current exposure intensity levels in the measured jobs. Adopting a semiquantitative JEM could also mitigate misclassification errors due to exposure variability, improving accuracy in exposure assessment. These findings indicate the need for more targeted personal measurements, including among highly exposed workers, and for potentially considering new exposure metrics to more accurately assess occupational RF-EMF exposures in occupational epidemiological research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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17. Parental occupational exposure to low-frequency magnetic fields and risk of leukaemia in the offspring : findings from the Childhood Leukaemia International Consortium (CLIC)

Author

Talibov, Madar, Olsson, Ann, Bailey, Helen, Erdmann, Friederike, Metayer, Catherine, Magnani, Corrado, Petridou, Eleni, Auvinen, Anssi, Spector, Logan, Clavel, Jacqueline, Roman, Eve, Dockerty, John, Nikkilä, Atte, Lohi, Olli, Kang, Alice, Psaltopoulou, Theodora, Miligi, Lucia, Vila, Javier, Cardis, Elisabeth, and Schüz, Joachim

Published
2019

21. Occupational exposure to high-frequency electromagnetic fields and brain tumor risk in the INTEROCC study: An individualized assessment approach

Author

Vila, Javier, Turner, Michelle C., Gracia-Lavedan, Esther, Figuerola, Jordi, Bowman, Joseph D., Kincl, Laurel, Richardson, Lesley, Benke, Geza, Hours, Martine, Krewski, Daniel, McLean, Dave, Parent, Marie-Elise, Sadetzki, Siegal, Schlaefer, Klaus, Schlehofer, Brigitte, Schüz, Joachim, Siemiatycki, Jack, van Tongeren, Martie, and Cardis, Elisabeth

Published
2018
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30. Time and Order Effects on Causal Learning

Author

Alvarado, Angelica, Jara, Elvia, and Vila, Javier

Abstract

Five experiments were conducted to explore trial order and retention interval effects upon causal predictive judgments. Experiment 1 found that participants show a strong effect of trial order when a stimulus was sequentially paired with two different outcomes compared to a condition where both outcomes were presented intermixed. Experiment 2 found that a 48-h retention interval eliminates the trial order effect, so that participants gave a global judgment about the relationship between the stimulus and the two outcomes equivalent to the one given by participants that received the two phases intermixed. This result was replicated in Experiment 3 in a situation in which the probability of the outcome in the presence of the cue was changed from 0.5 for both outcomes (Experiments 1, 2, 4, and 5) to 0.75 and 0.25 for outcomes 1 and 2, respectively. Experiment 4 found that retention intervals ranging from 45 min to 48 h eliminated the trial order effect similarly. Experiment 5 found that a 10-min retention interval replicated the effect of time upon sequential training found in precedent experiments, regardless of whether participants remained within the laboratory during the retention interval or spent it outside. The combined results of this experimental series suggest that retention intervals reduce retroactive interference in causal learning by allowing participants to use all the information presented across phases, rather than differentially increasing or decreasing retrieval of information about each of them.

Published
2006
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31. Second-Order Conditioning of Human Causal Learning

Author

Jara, Elvia, Vila, Javier, and Maldonado, Antonio

Abstract

This article provides the first demonstration of a reliable second-order conditioning (SOC) effect in human causal learning tasks. It demonstrates the human ability to infer relationships between a cause and an effect that were never paired together during training. Experiments 1a and 1b showed a clear and reliable SOC effect, while Experiments 2a and 2b demonstrated that first-order extinction did not affect SOC. These results were similar to those found in animal and human conditioning and suggested that a similar associative mechanism could explain these effects. However, they can also be used to look into the underlying causal mental model people build and store while they are learning this task. From a cognitive view, overall results suggest that an independent rather than a chain causal mental model is stored after second-order learning in human causal tasks.

Published
2006
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35. Outcome of 1890 tracheostomies for critical COVID-19 patients: a national cohort study in Spain

Author

Martin-Villares, Cristina, Perez Molina-Ramirez, Carmen, Bartolome-Benito, Margarita, Bernal-Sprekelsen, Manuel, Perez-Fernandez, Aranzazu, Alcantara-Armenteros, Sara, Monjas-Cánovas, Irene, Sancho-Mestre, Manuela, Alemán-Lopez, Oscar, Deola-Trasserra, M Dolors, Villarraga-Cova, Vanessa, Carreras-Alcaraz, Azor, Montaner-Sala, Esther, Sota-Eguizabal, Esther, Tolosa, Aihnoa, De la Iglesia, Belen, Garcia-Sardon, Rafael, Diez, Laura, Lehrer, Eduardo, Aviles-Jurado, Francisco Xavier, Tudela-Cabello, Kiara, Huguet-Llull, Gabriel, Mesalles-Ruíz, Marta, Jimenez-Montoya, Ramon, Navazo-Eguïa, Ana, Galindo-Torres, Blanca, Fernandez-Pello, Marta, Rodriguez-Prado, Nuria, Salazar, Carmen, Ramos, Francisco, Amor-Dorado, Juan Carlos, Faubel-Serra, Marta, Nuñez-Carrasco, Valery, Agüero-Medina, Adriana, Carlos-Villatoro, Juan, Lopez-Diu, Roser, Gonzalez-Melgan, Selvyn, Uzcanga-Lacabe, María, Cardier-Suárez, Marisela, Úbeda-Fernández, Esther, Alañon-Fernández, Miguel Ángel, Sanchez-Herrero, Carlos, Municio-Martin, Jose Antonio, Pascua-Gomez, Luis, Andrino-Martin, Sergio, Ayala-Mejias, Sandra, Molina-Gil, Bárbara, De Abajo-Larriba, Jorge, Piñeiro-Aguín, Zenaida, Gil-Carcedo, Elisa, Herrero-Agustín, Javier, Freijanes-Otero, Jorge, Cuetos-Azcona, Mario, Garcia-Fernandez, Alfredo, Jimenez-Huerta, Ignacio, Babarro-Fernández, Rosa, Junjgohann-Jofre, Felipe, Martel-Lopez, Antonio, Martin-Sanchez, Maria Dolores, Benitez-del Rosario, Jesus, Luorido, Diana, Granda, Monica, Tejeda, Jose Miguel, Martinez Ruiz-Coello, Antonio, Almodovar-Iniesta, Antonio, Bonnin, Jesus, Chao-Vietes, Jacobo, Hernández-Garcia, Estefanía, Plaza, Guillermo, Villacampa-Auba, Jose Miguel, Campos-Gonzalez, Alfonso, Casqueiro, Jose Carlos, Baguena-Campos, Lucia, Encinas-Vicente, Alberto, Rubio-Yanguas, Raul, Lowy-Benoliel, Alejandro, Poletti-Serafini, Daniel, Pasamontes-Pingarron, Juan Antonio, Aristegui-Ruiz, Miguel, Hernando-Cuñado, Monica, Souviron-Encabo, Rosalia, Martinez-Guirado, Tomas, Fernandez-Fernandez, Mario, Gonzalez-Orus, Ricardo, Molina-Montes, Beatriz, De la Fuente-Hernandez, Raquel, Crovato-Rojas, Jesús, Ruminot, Cristian, Laguado, Daniella, Acosta, Hander, Hernández-Garcia, María José, Zuaza-Gonzalez, Alejandro, Domingo-Carrasco, Carlos, Valor-García, Cristina, Lopez-Martin, Javier, Mogollon-Cano, Tomas, Meler-Claramonte, Carla, Flores-Martín, Juan Carlos, Arzok del Toro, Juanjo, Garcia-Piñero, Alfonso, Muñoz-Fernandez, Noelia, del Palacio, Antonio, Mateos-Serrano, Blanca, Garcia-Lopez, Isabel, Rodrigañez-Riesco, Laura, Aragon, Paula, Rivera, Teresa, Eisenberg-Plaza, Gustavo, Fernandez-Robledo, Inmaculada, Prada-Pendolero, Jorge, Alvarez-Alvarez, Ignacio, Puente-Verez, Maria, Quintana-Sanjuas, Ana, Parente-Arias, Pablo, García-Cordoba, Francisco, Garcia-Purriños, Francisco Jose, Morales-Angulo, Carmelo, Rodriguez-Rondon, Simara, Lopez-Lopez, Diana, Fernandez-Liesa, Rafael, Lázaro-Sánchez, Amaya, Alonso-Alonso, I, Rusiecka, Michalina, Ramirez, Rosa Delia, Vila, Javier, Bellmunt-Fontanet, Angela, Montoro-Martinez, Victoria, Piqueras, Francisco, Novoa-Morales, Vania, Simonetti, Gabriela, Guillen-Lozada, Enrique, Velasco, Maria Jesus, Alonso-Castiñeira, Ignacio, Hernandez, Maria, Rovira-Ramos, Carlota, Diaz-Argüello, Juan Jose, Escamilla-Carpintero, Yolanda, Torrico-Roman, Pablo, Calvo-Navarro, Carlos, Viza-Puiggros, Ignacio, Vaduva, Cristina, Higuera-Lucas, Juan, Tato, Jose Ignacio, Rivera-Rodriguez, Teresa, Rodriguez-Contreras, Diego, Caravaca-Garcia, Antonio, Ayala, Alejandra, Morales-Puebla, José Manuel, Ruiz-Escudero, Carlos, Lozano-Reina, E, Maza-Solano, Juan Manuel, Alfaro-Garcia, Jorge, Sanchez, Fatima, Montes-Jovellar, Luordes, Medina, Mar, Barbera, Rafael, Marco-Garrido, Alfonso, Cremades-Navalon, Isabel, García-Callejo, Javier, Bastida, C Garcia, Gutierrez-Fonseca, Raimundo, Muñoz-Herrera, Angel, Calvo, Marta, Rosal-Fraga, Carmen, Iglesias-Moreno, Mari Cruz, Gimeno-Hernández, Jesus, Vázquez-Romero, Cristina A, Alzate-Amaya, Fabian, Palomino, Laura, Alcaraz, Marta, Romeu-Figuerola, Coia, Foglia-Fernandez, Maria, Dios-Loureiro, Cristina, Gonzalez-Guijarro, Isabel, Vera-Llao, Rafael, Sancho-Calvo, Rosa, Ramos-Fernandez, Jesus Jose, Lasso-delaVega, Mar, Martinez-Pascual, Paula, Dominguez-Ovejas, Silvia, Morera-Senra, Eduardo, Alba-Mesquida, Jacoba, Bonilla, Alfonso, Martinez-Subias, Javier, Martinez-Salazar, Jesus M, Martinez-Lapeña, Antonio, Corrales-Millan, Rocio, Ruiz, Rosario, Mata, Nieves, Espinosa, Alfredo, Cianci-Jaimes, Laura Gerarda, Zapater-Latorre, Enrique, Alba-Garcia, Jose Ramon, Oishi-Konari, Miriam Natsuki, Pallares-Marti, Beatriz, Rubio-Fernandez, Andrea, Santos-Pérez, Jaime, Idigora-Planas, Albert, Sanchez-Barrueco, Alvaro, Alcala-Rueda, Ignacio, Jara-Rubio, Ruben, Lozano, Estefanía, Tirado-Zamora, Isabel, Coscaron-Blanco, Enrique, Suarez-Ortega, Soledad, Gil-Grasa, Guillermo, Lavilla-Martin de Valmaseda, Maria Jose, Sebastian, Jose Miguel, Nijim, Hazem, Dominguez-Calvo, Jesus, Gonzalez-Gimeno, Maria Jose, Carvajal-Urueña, Ana, Anel, Luis, and Gonzalo-Orden, Manuel

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Percutaneous, medicine.medical_treatment, law.invention, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, Tracheostomy, Mechanical ventilation, 0302 clinical medicine, law, medicine, Humans, Weaning, Intensive care unit, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, Retrospective Studies, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, General surgery, COVID-19, General Medicine, Respiration, Artificial, Otorhinolaryngology, Spain, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cohort, Observational study, Neurosurgery, business, Head and Neck
Abstract

Background The question of an optimal strategy and outcomes in COVID-19 tracheostomy has not been answered yet. The critical focus in our case study is to evaluate the outcomes of tracheostomy on intubated COVID-19 patients. Methods A multicentric prospective observational study of 1890 COVID-19 patients undergoing tracheostomy across 120 hospitals was conducted over 7 weeks in Spain (March 28 to May 15, 2020). Data were collected with an innovative approach: instant messaging via WhatsApp. Outcome measurements: complications, achieved weaning and decannulation and survival. Results We performed 1,461 surgical (81.3%) and 429 percutaneous tracheostomies. Median timing of tracheostomy was 12 days (4–42 days) since orotracheal intubation. A close follow-up of 1616/1890 (85.5%) patients at the cut-off time of 1-month follow-up showed that in 842 (52.1%) patients, weaning was achieved, while 391 (24.2%) were still under mechanical ventilation and 383 (23.7%) patients had died from COVID-19. Decannulation among those in whom weaning was successful (n = 842) was achieved in 683 (81%) patients. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest cohort of COVID-19 patients undergoing tracheostomy. The critical focus is the unprecedented amount of tracheostomies: 1890 in 7 weeks. Weaning could be achieved in over half of the patients with follow-up. Almost one out of four tracheotomized patients died from COVID-19.

Published
2020
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36. Un nuevo contrato cronosocial: Imaginando un arte del tiempo.

Author

Bassas Vila, Javier, Friera, Raquel, Bassas Vila, Javier, and Friera, Raquel

Abstract

This text presents the Institute of Suspended Time, an artistic and philosophical project that proposes alternatives to the po-litics of time in our societies. To do this, it uses two strategies mainly. On the one hand, it takes advantage of contemporary art as an undisciplined discipline in which spaces and times not subject to the politics of neoliberalism can be built. On the other hand, it relies on philosophical and political reflection to question the relationship between power and time, through concepts such as chrononormativity, chronodiversity, temporal regime or indeterminate time. At the end of the text, a link to a “temporal judgment” is offered., Este texto presenta el Instituto del Tiempo Suspendido, un proyecto artístico y filosófico que propone alternativas a la política del tiempo en nuestras sociedades. Para ello, utiliza dos estrategias principalmente. Por una parte, aprovecha el arte contemporáneo como una disciplina indisciplinada en la que se pueden armar espacios y tiempos no sometidos a la política neoliberal actual. Por otra parte, se apoya en la reflexión filosófica y política para contestar la relación entre poder y tiempo a través de conceptos como crononormatividad, cronodiversidad, régimen temporal o tiempo indeterminado. Al final del texto, se ofrece un enlace para realizar un “juicio temporal”.

Published
2022

37. Chapter 9 - Non-toxic nature of nano-biosorbents as a positive approach toward green environment

Author

Khan, Sabir, Zeb, Shakeel, Vega-Chacón, Jaime, Torres, Sergio Espinoza, Martínez, Sandra Quispe, López, Rosario, Mejía, Ily Marilú Maza, Hernández, Christian Ronald Jacinto, Vila, Javier Lobaton, Cornejo, Eduardo Jara, Aquino, Charles Pizan, Mortari, Bianca, Borges, Luis Fernando Tavares, Ruiz-Córdova, Gerson A., Carhuas, Fredy Lucho Rondinel, Sotomayor, Maria Del Pilar Taboada, and Picasso, Gino

Published
2022
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41. Development of a Job-Exposure Matrix for Assessment of Occupational Exposure to High-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields (3 kHz–300 GHz)

Author

Migault, Lucile, Bowman, Joseph D, Kromhout, Hans, Figuerola, Jordi, Baldi, Isabelle, Bouvier, Ghislaine, Turner, Michelle C, Cardis, Elisabeth, Vila, Javier, One Health Chemisch, dIRAS RA-2, Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), One Health Chemisch, and dIRAS RA-2

Subjects
Adult, Electromagnetic field, exposure estimates, Radio Waves, Frequency band, Job-exposure matrix, Large population, Risk Assessment, intermediate frequencies, 03 medical and health sciences, Electromagnetic Fields, 0302 clinical medicine, Occupational Exposure, Statistics, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Occupations, Mathematics, IF, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, EPICENE, Original Articles, JEM, 030210 environmental & occupational health, Coding system, radiofrequencies, Case-Control Studies, workers, RF, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Occupational exposure, Radiation protection, business
Abstract

ObjectivesThe aim of this work was to build a job-exposure matrix (JEM) using an international coding system and covering the non-thermal intermediate frequency (IF) (3–100 kHz, named IFELF), thermal IF (100 kHz–10 MHz, named IFRF), and radiofrequency (RF) (>10 MHz) bands.MethodsDetailed occupational data were collected in a large population-based case–control study, INTEROCC, with occupations coded into the International Standard Classification of Occupations system 1988 (ISCO88). The subjects’ occupational source-based ancillary information was combined with an existing source-exposure matrix and the reference levels of the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) for occupational exposure to calculate estimates of level (L) of exposure to electric (E) and magnetic (H) fields by ISCO88 code and frequency band as ICNIRP ratios (IFELF) or squared ratios (IFRF and RF). Estimates of exposure probability (P) were obtained by dividing the number of exposed subjects by the total number of subjects available per job title.ResultsWith 36 011 job histories collected, 468 ISCO88 (four-digit) codes were included in the JEM, of which 62.4% are exposed to RF, IFRF, and/or IFELF. As a reference, P values for RF E-fields ranged from 0.3 to 65.0% with a median of 5.1%. L values for RF E-fields (ICNIRP squared ratio) ranged from 6.94 × 10−11 to 33.97 with a median of 0.61.ConclusionsThe methodology used allowed the development of a JEM for high-frequency electromagnetic fields containing exposure estimates for the largest number of occupations to date. Although the validity of this JEM is limited by the small number of available observations for some codes, this JEM may be useful for epidemiological studies and occupational health management programs assessing high-frequency electromagnetic field exposure in occupational settings.

Published
2019
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44. Risk of contagion of SARS-CoV-2 among otorhinolaryngologists in Spain during the 'Two waves'

Author

Martin-Villares, Cristina, Bernal-Sprekelsen, Manuel, Molina-Ramirez, Carmen Perez, Bartolome-Benito, Margarita, Aristegui-Ruiz, M., Agüero-Medina, Adriana, Tolosa, Aihnoa, Maturana, Aitor Zabala-Lopezde, Idigora-Planas, Albert, Codina-Aroca, Alberto, Encinas-Vicente, Alberto, Sanchez-Tudela, Alberto, Ayala, Alejandra, Lowy-Benoliel, Alejandro, Zuaza-Gonzalez, Alejandro, Bonilla-Perez, Alfonso, Campos-Gonzalez, Alfonso, Garcia-Piñero, Alfonso, Marco-Garrido, Alfonso, Garcia-Fernandez, Alfredo, Trinidad, Almudena, Sanchez-Barrueco, Alvaro, Lázaro-Sánchez, Amaya, Piñeiro, Z, Navazo-Eguïa, Ana, Quintana-Sanjuas, Ana, Rubio-Fernandez, Andrea, Moreno-Juara, Angel, Muñoz-Herrera, Angel, Bellmunt-Fontanet, Angela, Almodovar-Iniesta, Antonio, Caravaca-Garcia, Antonio, del Palacio, Antonio, Martel-Lopez, Antonio, Martinez-Lapeña, Antonio, MartinezRuiz-Coello, Antonio, Perez-Fernandez, Aranzazu, Carreras-Alcaraz, Azor, Molina-Gil, Bárbara, Molina-Montes, Beatriz, Pallares-Marti, Beatriz, De la Iglesia, Belen, Galindo-Torres, Blanca, Mateos-Serrano, Blanca, Garcia-Bastida, C., Meler-Claramonte, Carla, Calvo-Navarro, Carlos, Domingo-Carrasco, Carlos, Escobar-Sanchez, Carlos, Sanchez-Herrero, Carlos, Rovira-Ramos, Carlota, Morales-Angulo, Carmelo, Rosal-Fraga, Carmen, Salazar, Carmen, Orus, Cesar, Romeu-Figuerola, Coia, Ruminot, Cristian, Vázquez-Romero, Cristina A., Dios-Loureiro, Cristina, Valor-García, Cristina, Poletti-Serafini, Daniel, Laguado, Daniella, Lopez-Lopez, Diana, Luorido, Diana, Rodriguez-Contreras, Diego, Morera-Serna, Eduardo, Gil-Carcedo, Elisa, Coscaron-Blanco, Enrique, Guillén-Lozada, Enrique, Zapater-Latorre, Enrique, Hernández-Garcia, Estefanía, Lozano, Estefanía, Montane-Sala, Esther, Sota-Eguizabal, Esther, Úbeda-Fernández, Esther, Alzate-Amaya, Fabian, Sanchez-Fernandez, Fatima, Junjgohann-Jofre, Felipe, García-Cordoba, Francisco, Garcia-Purriños, Francisco Jose, Ramos, Francisco, Huguet-Llull, Gabriel, Simonetti, Gabriela, Gil-Grasa, Guillermo, Plaza, Guillermo, Eisenberg-Plaza, Gustavo, Acosta, Hander, Alonso-Alonso, I., Alcala-Rueda, Ignacio, Alvarez-Alvarez, Ignacio, Jimenez-Huerta, Ignacio, Viza-Puiggros, Ignacio, Clemente, Ignacio, Fernandez-Robledo, Inmaculada, Monjas-Cánovas, Irene, Castillo-Lopez, Irma Yolanda, Cremades-Navalon, Isabel, Garcia-Lopez, Isabel, Gonzalez-Guijarro, Isabel, Tirado-Zamora, Isabel, Alba-Mesquida, Jacoba, Chao-Vietes, Jacobo, Santos-Pérez, Jaime, García, Javier, Herrero-Agustín, Javier, Lopez-Martin, Javier, Martinez-Subias, Javier, Vila, Javier, Rosario, Jesus Benitez-del, Crovato-Rojas, Jesús, Gimeno-Hernández, Jesus, Dominguez-Calvo, Jesus Ignacio, Ramos-Fernandez, Jesus Jose, Martinez-Salazar, Jesus M., Alfaro-Garcia, Jorge, De Abajo-Larriba, Jorge, Freijanes-Otero, Jorge, Prada-Pendolero, Jorge, Municio-Martin, Jose Antonio, Casqueiro, Jose Carlos, Tato, Jose Ignacio, Sebastian, Jose Miguel, Tejeda, Jose Miguel, Villacampa-Auba, Jose Miguel, Morales, JManuel, Alba-Garcia, Jose Ramon, Dalmau, Josep, Pasamontes-Pingarron, Juan Antonio, Amor-Dorado, Juan Carlos, Flores-Martín, Juan Carlos, Carlos-Villatoro, Juan, Higuera-Lucas, Juan, Toro, Juan Jose Artazkoz-del, Diaz-Argüello, Juan Jose, Tudela-Cabello, Kiara, Rubio-Yanguas, L., Cianci-Jaimes, Laura Gerarda, Palomino, Laura, Rodrigañez-Riesco, Laura, Montes-Jovellar, Lourdes, Baguena-Campos, Lucia, Pascua-Gomez, Luis, Deola-Trasserra, MDolors, Cueva-Díaz, Jenifer, Sancho-Mestre, Manuela, Lasso-delaVega, Mar, Medina, Mar, Iglesias-Moreno, Mari Cruz, Martin-Sanchez, Maria Dolores, Foglia-Fernandez, María, Velasco, Maria Jesus, Jesús-Dominguez, Maria, Hernández-Garcia, María José, de Valmaseda, Maria Jose Lavilla-Martin, Gonzalez-Gimeno, Maria José, Puente-Verez, Maria, Uzcanga-Lacabe, María, Cuetos-Azcona, Mario, Fernandez-Fernandez, Mario, Vazquez, Mariano Andres, Cardier-Suárez, Marisela, Alcaraz, Marta, Calvo, Marta, Estévez, M., Faubel-Serra, Marta, Fernandez-Pello, Marta, Mesalles-Ruíz, Marta, Rusiecka, Michalina, Alañon-Fernández, Miguel Ángel, Oishi-Konari, Miriam Natsuki, Granda, Monica, Hernando-Cuñado, Monica, Muñoz-Fernandez, Noelia, Rodriguez-Prado, Nuria, Alemán-Lopez, Oscar, Parente-Arias, Pablo, Torrico-Roman, Pablo, Aragon, Paula, Martinez-Pascual, Paula, Barbera, Rafael, Fernandez-Liesa, Rafael, Garcia-Sardon, Rafael, Gutierrez-Fonseca, Raimundo, Jimenez-Montoya, Ramon, De la Fuente-Hernandez, Raquel, Raquelortiz-Rodrigo, Gonzalez-Orus, Ricardo, Corrales-Millan, Rocio, Ramirez, Rosa Delia, Fernandez, Rosa Babarro, Sancho-Calvo, Rosa, Souviron-Encabo, Rosalia, Almela-Cortes, Rosana, Ruiz-Gomez, Rosario, Lopez-Diu, Roser, Jara-Rubio, Ruben, Alcantara-Armenteros, Sara, Tamboura, Sara, Santos-Santos, Saturnino, Gonzalez-Melgan, Selvyn, Andrino-Martin, Sergio, Dominguez-Ovejas, Silvia, Rodriguez-Rondon, Simara, Suarez-Ortega, Soledad, Rivera, Teresa, Rivera-Rodriguez, Teresa, Martinez-Guirado, Tomas, Mogollon-Cano, Tomas, Nuñez-Carrasco, Valery, Villarraga-Cova, Vanessa, Montoro-Martinez, Victoria, and Escamilla-Carpintero, Yolanda

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Short Communication, Population, Communicable diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, Otolaryngology, 0302 clinical medicine, Otorrinolaringologia, Pandemic, Otolaryngologists, medicine, Mortalitat, Humans, Mortality, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, education, Pandemics, education.field_of_study, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, General Medicine, Malalties infeccioses, medicine.disease, Pneumonia, Morbiditat, Otorhinolaryngology, Spain, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Emergency medicine, Cohort, Observational study, Morbidity, business
Abstract

Introduction The aim of our study was to obtain data about the contagion rate among Otolaryngologists in Spanish ENT Departments and about the clinical outcomes in positive otolaryngologists. As a secondary objective, we aim to assess the rate of contagion in the first and the second Covid-19 wave in Spain among Otorhinolaryngologists and the regional distribution by ENT-Departments. Methods Study design and population: This is a prospective observational study in a cohort of 975 Otolaryngologists from 87 ENT Departments conducted from March 25 to November 17 in our collaborative group, COVID ORL ESP. COVID‐19 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was the diagnostic standard. Hospitalization and/or intensive care admission and mortality was recorded as non-identified data. Results Data collected from 975 otolaryngologist from 87 Departments resulted in 157 (16.5%) otolaryngologists testing positive for SARS-CoV-19 by RT-PCR. Important geographic differences in contagion are reported. A total of 136 (86.6%) otolaryngologists were tested positive during the first wave and 21 (13.3%) during the second wave. At the last cut-off point of the study only 30/87 ENT Departments (34.5%) remained COVID19-free and 5 Departments reported more than 50% staff members testing positive. The majority of positive tested otolaryngologists (126/157; 80.2%) had only mild or no symptoms, 17 developed moderate symptoms (10.8%) and 3 had pneumonia not requiring hospitalization (2%). Five colleagues were admitted at hospital, 4 required ICU (2.5%) and 2 colleges died from COVID-19. Conclusions During the first wave of the SARS-CoV-19 pandemic otolaryngologists in Spain have been overall the group suffering the highest rate of contagion, particularly during the first month. Subsequently, the Spanish Ministry of Health should include otorhinolaryngologists as a high-risk group in airborne pandemics.

Published
2021

45. Traducción inmanente vs traducción trascendente (o cómo traducir la metafísica : J.-L. Marion vs A. Badiou)

Author

Bassas Vila, Javier

Subjects
Trascendencia, Traductologia, Metaphysics, Platón, Traductología, Metafísica, Inmanencia, Immanència, Trascendència, Plató, Descartes, Immanence, Transcendence, Plato, Traductology
Abstract

A partir de un estudio sobre la traducción latín-francés de las Regulae de Descartes, llevada a cabo por el pensador francés Jean-Luc Marion, establecemos un nuevo marco teórico desde donde entender las traducciones filosóficas: la historia de la metafísica. ¿Cómo influye la historia de la metafísica en la traducción que Marion realiza de Descartes? ¿Qué opciones toma el traductor para hacer frente a las dificultades que implica esta traducción filosófica? Por otro lado, desde una posición casi opuesta a la que adopta el mismo Marion, analizamos otro ejercicio traductológico de sumo interés y realizado por el también pensador francés Alain Badiou, a saber: la traducción de la República de Platón. El análisis y la comparación de estas dos traducciones filosóficas y de la traductología que de ellas se deriva nos ofrece la base para introducir dos nuevas nociones en la teoría de la traducción: la “traducción inmanente” (el texto de Descartes traducido por J. -L. Marion) y la “traducción trascendente” (el diálogo de Platón traducido por A. Badiou)., On the basis of a Latin-French translation of Descartes’ Regulae by French thinker Jean-Luc Marion, we establish a new theoretical framework from where to think about philosophical translations: the history of metaphysics. What is the influence of the history of metaphysics in this translation of Descartes? What decisions does the translator make when dealing with the difficulties involved in this philosophical translation? From a position that is almost the opposite to the one adopted by Jean-Luc Marion, we find on the other hand an extremely interesting traductological piece of work made by also French thinker Alain Badiou, i. e. the translation of Plato’s Republic. An analysis and comparison of these two philosophical translations, as well as of the traductology derived from them, provides us with the grounds to introduce two new concepts in translation studies: “immanent translation” (Descartes’ text as translated by J. L. Marion) and “transcendent translation” (Plato’s dialogue as translated by A. Badiou).

Published
2021

47. Herramienta web para la supervisión de hornos de moldeo por inyección de metal

Author

Martínez Vila, Javier, Sánchez Barreiro, Pablo, and Universidad de Cantabria

Subjects
Hornos MIM, 4.0 Industry, Industria 4.0, MIM Industrial Ovens, Digitalización de procesos, Digital Transformation, Transformación digital, Process Digitization
Abstract

RESUMEN: Este Trabajo Fin de Grado ha desarrollado una aplicación para la supervisión y monitorización de los hornos de moldeo por inyección de metal u hornos MIM (Metal Injection Molding) de una empresa del sector metalúrgico de Cantabria. Los operarios de la fábrica para la cual se ha desarrollado el proyecto trabajan ensamblando e introduciendo cajas en un horno industrial que las procesa y devuelve una vez ha terminado su ciclo completo de tratamiento. Hasta el desarrollo de esta aplicación, los operarios anotaban las cajas ensambladas en órdenes de trabajo en papel, pero desconocían la situación exacta de cada caja en el interior del horno tras el comienzo del proceso. Es decir, una vez iniciado el ciclo de tratamiento de cada caja, resultaba complejo determinar en qué parte y fase concreta del horno estaba cada caja o cuánto tiempo había requerido su procesamiento, entre otros factores. Esto provocaba largos tiempos de espera tanto para conocer el éxito del proceso como para corregir posibles deficiencias, lo que podía suponer pérdidas económicas significativas. Para ayudar a mitigar estos problemas, el software desarrollado permite registrar las cajas que se introducen en el horno y actualizar la progresión de estas, así como consultar la carga y estado de cada horno. ABSTRACT: This capstone project has developed a software application whose main goal is to supervise and to monitor the MIM (Metal Injection Molding) ovens of a company in the metallurgical sector in Cantabria. The factory operators for which the project has been developed work assembling and introducing boxes in an industrial oven that processes and returns them once their complete treatment cycle has finished. Until the development of this application, operators wrote down the assembled boxes in work orders on paper, but they were unaware of the exact location of each box inside the oven after the beginning of the process. In other words, once the treatment cycle of each box has started, it was complex to determine in which part and specific phase of the oven each box was located or how long it had required to be processed, among other factors. This caused long waiting times both to know the success of the process and to correct possible deficiencies, which could suppose high economic losses. To improve the process, the developed software allows to register the boxes that are introduced into the oven and update their progression, as well as check the charge and status of each oven. Grado en Ingeniería Informática

Published
2021

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