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41 results on '"Vijvers, W.A.J."'

2. Materials research under ITER-like divertor conditions at FOM Rijnhuizen

Author

Wright, G.M., Westerhout, J., Al, R.S., Alves, E., Alves, L.C., Barradas, N.P., van den Berg, M.A., Borodin, D., Brezinsek, S., Brons, S., van Eck, H.J.N., de Groot, B., Kleyn, A.W., Koppers, W.R., Kruijt, O.G., Linke, J., Lopes Cardozo, N.J., Mayer, M., van der Meiden, H.J., Prins, P.R., van Rooij, G.J., Scholten, J., Shumack, A.E., Smeets, P.H.M., De Temmerman, G., Vijvers, W.A.J., and Rapp, J.

Published
2011
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7. MANTIS: A real-time quantitative multispectral imaging system for fusion plasmas

Author

Perek, A., Vijvers, W.A.J., Andrebe, Y., Classen, I.G.J., Duval, B.P., Galperti, C., Harrison, J.R., Linehan, B.L., Ravensbergen, T., Verhaegh, K., de Baar, M.R., Perek, A., Vijvers, W.A.J., Andrebe, Y., Classen, I.G.J., Duval, B.P., Galperti, C., Harrison, J.R., Linehan, B.L., Ravensbergen, T., Verhaegh, K., and de Baar, M.R.

Abstract

This work presents a novel, real-time capable, 10-channel Multispectral Advanced Narrowband Tokamak Imaging System installed on the TCV tokamak, MANTIS. Software and hardware requirements are presented together with the complete system architecture. The image quality of the system is assessed with emphasis on effects resulting from the narrowband interference filters. Some filters are found to create internal reflection images that are correlated with the filters' reflection coefficient. This was measured for selected filters where significant absorption (up to 65% within ∼70 nm of the filter center) was measured. The majority of this was attributed to the filter's design, and several filters' performance is compared. Tailored real-time algorithms exploiting the system's capabilities are presented together with benchmarks comparing polling and event based synchronization. The real-time performance is demonstrated with a density ramp discharge performed on TCV. The behavior of spectral lines' emission from different plasma species and their interpretation are qualitatively described.

Published
2019

8. Physics research on the TCV tokamak facility: from conventional to alternative scenarios and beyond

Author

Coda, S., Agostini, M., Albanese, R., Alberti, S., Alessi, E., Allan, S., Allcock, J., Ambrosino, R., Anand, H., Andrebe, Y., Arnichand, H., Auriemma, F., Ayllon-Guerola, J. M., Bagnato, F., Ball, J., Baquero-Ruiz, M., Beletskii, A. A., Bernert, M., Bin, W., Blanchard, P., Blanken, T.C., Boedo, J.A., Bogar, O., Bolzonella, T., Bombarda, F., Bonanomi, N., Bouquey, F., Bowman, C., Brida, D., Bucalossi, J., Buermans, J., Bufferand, H., Buratti, P., Calabró, G., Calacci, L., Camenen, Y., Carnevale, D., Carpanese, F., Carr, M., Carraro, L., Casolari, A., Causa, F., Čeřovský, J., Chellaï, O., Chmielewski, P., Choi, D., Christen, N., Ciraolo, G., Cordaro, L., Costea, S., Cruz, N., Czarnecka, A., Dal Molin, A., David, P., Decker, J., De Oliveira, H., Douai, D., Dreval, M. B., Dudson, B., Dunne, M., Duval, B. P., Eich, T., Elmore, S., Embréus, O., Esposito, B., Faitsch, M., Farnik, M., Fasoli, A., Fedorczak, N., Felici, F., Feng, S., Feng, X., Ferró, G., Février, O., Ficker, O., Fil, A., Fontana, M., Frassinetti, L., Furno, I., Gahle, D.S., Galassi, D., Gałazka, K., Gallo, A., Galperti, C., Garavaglia, S., Garcia, J., Garcia-Munoz, M., Garrido, A.J., Garrido, I., Gath, J., Geiger, B., Giruzzi, G., Gobbin, M., Goodman, T.P., Gorini, G., Gospodarczyk, M., Granucci, G., Graves, J.P., Gruca, M., Gyergyek, T., Hakola, A., Happel, T., Harrer, G.F., Harrison, J., Havličková, E., Hawke, J., Henderson, S., Hennequin, P., Hesslow, L., Hogeweij, D., Hogge, J.Ph., Hopf, C., Hoppe, M., Horáček, J., Huang, Z., Hubbard, A., Iantchenko, A., Igochine, V., Innocente, P., Ionita Schrittwieser, C., Isliker, H., Jacquier, R., Jardin, A., Kappatou, A., Karpushov, A., Kazantzidis, P.V., Keeling, D., Kirneva, N., Komm, M., Kong, M., Kovacic, J., Krawczyk, N., Kudlacek, O., Kurki-Suonio, T., Kwiatkowski, R., Labit, B., Lazzaro, E., Linehan, B., Lipschultz, B., Llobet, X., Lombroni, R., Loschiavo, V.P., Lunt, T., Macusova, E., Madsen, J., Maljaars, E., Mantica, P., Maraschek, M., Marchetto, C., Marco, A., Mariani, A., Marini, C., Martin, Y., Matos, F., Maurizio, R., Mavkov, B., Mazon, D., McCarthy, P., McDermott, R., Menkovski, V., Merle, A., Meyer, H., Micheletti, D., Militello, F., Mitosinkova, K., Mlynář, J., Moiseenko, V., Molina Cabrera, P.A., Morales, J., Moret, J.M., Moro, A., Mumgaard, R.T., Naulin, V., Nem, R.D., Nespoli, F., Nielsen, A.H., Nielsen, S.K., Nocente, M., Nowak, S., Offeddu, N., Orsitto, F.P., Paccagnella, R., Palha, A., Papp, G., Pau, A., Pavlichenko, R.O., Perek, A., Pericoli Ridolfini, V., Pesamosca, F., Piergotti, V., Pigatto, L., Piovesan, P., Piron, C., Plyusnin, V., Poli, E., Porte, L., Pucella, G., Puiatti, M.E., Pütterich, T., Rabinski, M., Juul Rasmussen, J., Ravensbergen, T., Reich, M., Reimerdes, H., Reimold, F., Reux, C., Ricci, D., Ricci, P., Rispoli, N., Rosato, J., Saarelma, S., Salewski, M., Salmi, A., Sauter, O., Scheffer, M., Schlatter, Ch., Schneider, B.S., Schrittwieser, R., Sharapov, S., Sheeba, R. R., Sheikh, U., Shousha, R., Silva, M., Sinha, J., Sozzi, C., Spolaore, M., Stipani, L., Strand, P., Tala, T., Tema Biwole, A.S., Teplukhina, A. A., Testa, D., Theiler, C., Thornton, A., Tomaž, G., Tomes, M., Tran, M.Q., Tsironis, C., Tsui, C.K., Urban, J., Valisa, M., Vallar, M., van Vugt, D., Vartanian, S., Vasilovici, O., Verhaegh, K., Vermare, L., Vianello, N., Viezzer, E., Vijvers, W.A.J., Villone, F., Voitsekhovitch, I., Vu, N.M.T., Walkden, N., Wauters, T., Weiland, M., Weisen, H., Wensing, M., Wiesenberger, M., Wilkie, G., Wischmeier, M., Wu, K., Yoshida, M., Zagorski, R., Zanca, P., Zebrowski, J., Zisis, A., Zuin, M., Coda, S., Agostini, M., Albanese, R., Alberti, S., Alessi, E., Allan, S., Allcock, J., Ambrosino, R., Anand, H., Andrebe, Y., Arnichand, H., Auriemma, F., Ayllon-Guerola, J. M., Bagnato, F., Ball, J., Baquero-Ruiz, M., Beletskii, A. A., Bernert, M., Bin, W., Blanchard, P., Blanken, T.C., Boedo, J.A., Bogar, O., Bolzonella, T., Bombarda, F., Bonanomi, N., Bouquey, F., Bowman, C., Brida, D., Bucalossi, J., Buermans, J., Bufferand, H., Buratti, P., Calabró, G., Calacci, L., Camenen, Y., Carnevale, D., Carpanese, F., Carr, M., Carraro, L., Casolari, A., Causa, F., Čeřovský, J., Chellaï, O., Chmielewski, P., Choi, D., Christen, N., Ciraolo, G., Cordaro, L., Costea, S., Cruz, N., Czarnecka, A., Dal Molin, A., David, P., Decker, J., De Oliveira, H., Douai, D., Dreval, M. B., Dudson, B., Dunne, M., Duval, B. P., Eich, T., Elmore, S., Embréus, O., Esposito, B., Faitsch, M., Farnik, M., Fasoli, A., Fedorczak, N., Felici, F., Feng, S., Feng, X., Ferró, G., Février, O., Ficker, O., Fil, A., Fontana, M., Frassinetti, L., Furno, I., Gahle, D.S., Galassi, D., Gałazka, K., Gallo, A., Galperti, C., Garavaglia, S., Garcia, J., Garcia-Munoz, M., Garrido, A.J., Garrido, I., Gath, J., Geiger, B., Giruzzi, G., Gobbin, M., Goodman, T.P., Gorini, G., Gospodarczyk, M., Granucci, G., Graves, J.P., Gruca, M., Gyergyek, T., Hakola, A., Happel, T., Harrer, G.F., Harrison, J., Havličková, E., Hawke, J., Henderson, S., Hennequin, P., Hesslow, L., Hogeweij, D., Hogge, J.Ph., Hopf, C., Hoppe, M., Horáček, J., Huang, Z., Hubbard, A., Iantchenko, A., Igochine, V., Innocente, P., Ionita Schrittwieser, C., Isliker, H., Jacquier, R., Jardin, A., Kappatou, A., Karpushov, A., Kazantzidis, P.V., Keeling, D., Kirneva, N., Komm, M., Kong, M., Kovacic, J., Krawczyk, N., Kudlacek, O., Kurki-Suonio, T., Kwiatkowski, R., Labit, B., Lazzaro, E., Linehan, B., Lipschultz, B., Llobet, X., Lombroni, R., Loschiavo, V.P., Lunt, T., Macusova, E., Madsen, J., Maljaars, E., Mantica, P., Maraschek, M., Marchetto, C., Marco, A., Mariani, A., Marini, C., Martin, Y., Matos, F., Maurizio, R., Mavkov, B., Mazon, D., McCarthy, P., McDermott, R., Menkovski, V., Merle, A., Meyer, H., Micheletti, D., Militello, F., Mitosinkova, K., Mlynář, J., Moiseenko, V., Molina Cabrera, P.A., Morales, J., Moret, J.M., Moro, A., Mumgaard, R.T., Naulin, V., Nem, R.D., Nespoli, F., Nielsen, A.H., Nielsen, S.K., Nocente, M., Nowak, S., Offeddu, N., Orsitto, F.P., Paccagnella, R., Palha, A., Papp, G., Pau, A., Pavlichenko, R.O., Perek, A., Pericoli Ridolfini, V., Pesamosca, F., Piergotti, V., Pigatto, L., Piovesan, P., Piron, C., Plyusnin, V., Poli, E., Porte, L., Pucella, G., Puiatti, M.E., Pütterich, T., Rabinski, M., Juul Rasmussen, J., Ravensbergen, T., Reich, M., Reimerdes, H., Reimold, F., Reux, C., Ricci, D., Ricci, P., Rispoli, N., Rosato, J., Saarelma, S., Salewski, M., Salmi, A., Sauter, O., Scheffer, M., Schlatter, Ch., Schneider, B.S., Schrittwieser, R., Sharapov, S., Sheeba, R. R., Sheikh, U., Shousha, R., Silva, M., Sinha, J., Sozzi, C., Spolaore, M., Stipani, L., Strand, P., Tala, T., Tema Biwole, A.S., Teplukhina, A. A., Testa, D., Theiler, C., Thornton, A., Tomaž, G., Tomes, M., Tran, M.Q., Tsironis, C., Tsui, C.K., Urban, J., Valisa, M., Vallar, M., van Vugt, D., Vartanian, S., Vasilovici, O., Verhaegh, K., Vermare, L., Vianello, N., Viezzer, E., Vijvers, W.A.J., Villone, F., Voitsekhovitch, I., Vu, N.M.T., Walkden, N., Wauters, T., Weiland, M., Weisen, H., Wensing, M., Wiesenberger, M., Wilkie, G., Wischmeier, M., Wu, K., Yoshida, M., Zagorski, R., Zanca, P., Zebrowski, J., Zisis, A., and Zuin, M.

Abstract

The research program of the TCV tokamak ranges from conventional to advanced-tokamak scenarios and alternative divertor configurations, to exploratory plasmas driven by theoretical insight, exploiting the device's unique shaping capabilities. Disruption avoidance by real-time locked mode prevention or unlocking with electron-cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) was thoroughly documented, using magnetic and radiation triggers. Runaway generation with high-Z noble-gas injection and runaway dissipation by subsequent Ne or Ar injection were studied for model validation. The new 1 MW neutral beam injector has expanded the parameter range, now encompassing ELMy H-modes in an ITER-like shape and nearly non-inductive H-mode discharges sustained by electron cyclotron and neutral beam current drive. In the H-mode, the pedestal pressure increases modestly with nitrogen seeding while fueling moves the density pedestal outwards, but the plasma stored energy is largely uncorrelated to either seeding or fueling. High fueling at high triangularity is key to accessing the attractive small edge-localized mode (type-II) regime. Turbulence is reduced in the core at negative triangularity, consistent with increased confinement and in accord with global gyrokinetic simulations. The geodesic acoustic mode, possibly coupled with avalanche events, has been linked with particle flow to the wall in diverted plasmas. Detachment, scrape-off layer transport, and turbulence were studied in L- and H-modes in both standard and alternative configurations (snowflake, super-X, and beyond). The detachment process is caused by power 'starvation' reducing the ionization source, with volume recombination playing only a minor role. Partial detachment in the H-mode is obtained with impurity seeding and has shown little dependence on flux expansion in standard single-null geometry. In the attached L-mode phase, increasing the outer connection length reduces the in-out heat-flow asymmetry. A doublet plasma

Published
2019

9. Experimental evidence of enhanced recombination of a hydrogen plasma induced by nitrogen seeding in linear device Magnum-PSI

Author

Magnum-PSI Team, Perillo, R., Akkermans, G.R.A., Classen, I.G.J., Vijvers, W.A.J., Chandra, R., Jesko, K., Korving, Sven, Vernimmen, J.W.M., de Baar, M.R., Magnum-PSI Team, Perillo, R., Akkermans, G.R.A., Classen, I.G.J., Vijvers, W.A.J., Chandra, R., Jesko, K., Korving, Sven, Vernimmen, J.W.M., and de Baar, M.R.

Abstract

In this work we investigate the effects induced by the presence of nitrogen in a detached-like hydrogen plasmas in linear plasma machine Magnum-PSI. Detachment has been achieved by increasing the background neutral pressure in the target chamber by means of H 2 /N 2 puffing and two cases of study have been set up, i.e. at 2 and 4 Pa. Achieved n e are ITER-relevant i.e. above 10 20 m −3 and electron temperatures are in the range 0.8–2 eV. A scan among five different N 2 /H 2 +N 2 flux ratios seeded have been carried out, at values of 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20%. A n e decrease while increasing the fraction of N 2 has been observed for both background pressures, resulting in a plasma pressure drop of ̴ 30%. T e remains constant among all scans. The peak intensity of NH*(A 3 ∏->X 3 ∑ − , ∆v = 0) at 336 nm measured with optical emission spectroscopy increases linearly with the N 2 content, together with the NH 3 signal in the RGA. A further dedicated experiment has been carried out by puffing separately H 2 /N 2 and H 2 /He mixtures, being helium a poorly-reactive atomic species, hence excluding a priori nitrogen-induced molecular assisted recombination. Interestingly, plasma pressure and heat loads to the surface are enhanced when increasing the content of He in the injected gas mixture. In the case of N 2 , we observe an opposite behavior, indicating that N–H species actively contribute to convert ions to neutrals. Recombination is enhanced by the presence of nitrogen. Numerical simulations with two different codes, a global plasma-chemical model and a spatially-resolved Monte Carlo code, address the role of NH x species behaving as electron donor in the ion conversion with H + by means of what we define here to be N-MAR i.e. NH

Published
2019

10. SOL Transport and Detachment in Alternative Divertor Configurations in TCV L_and H_Mode Plasmas

Author

Theiler C., Boedo J.A., Duval B.P., Fedorczak N., Février O., Fil A., Gallo A., Harrison J.R., Innocente P., Labit B., Linehan B., Lipschultz B., Maurizio R., Mumgaard B., De Oliveira H., Reimerdes H., Sheikh U., Thornton A.J., Tsui C.K., Verhaegh K., Vianello N., Vijvers W.A.J., Wensing M., the TCV Team, and the EUROfusion MST1 Team

Subjects
SOL, scrape-off layer, H-Mode plasmas, TCV, fusion plasma divertor, Tokamac Configuration Variable
Abstract

The effect of magnetic geometry on scrape-off layer (SOL) transport and detachment behaviour is investigated on the TCV tokamak with the goal of assessing the potential of alternative divertor geometries and for the validation of theoretical models. L-mode experiments reveal that increasing connection length and hence divertor volume by either increasing poloidal flux expansion or divertor leg length have different effects on the boundary plasma. In attached conditions, the SOL heat flux width q inferred from target infrared thermography measurements is weakly dependent on poloidal flux expansion but increases approximately with the square root of the divertor leg length. The divertor spreading factor S shows no clear trend with leg length but decreases with flux expansion. TOKAM3X turbulence simulations of the leg length scan are in qualitative agreement with the experiment and can explain observations by a strongly asymmetric (ballooning) transport at and below the X-point. Evidence for increased transport in the region of low poloidal field is obtained in the Snowflake minus geometry. The presence of an additional X-point in the low-field side SOL increases the effective SOL width by approximately a factor two. Increasing flux expansion and leg length both result in enhanced divertor radiation levels, with the effect being much larger in the latter case. This behaviour, together with the observed trend in q, is consistent with a substantial drop in the density threshold for divertor detachment with increasing leg length and a weak variation with flux expansion. Novel spectroscopic techniques reveal that the drop in target ion current and access to detachment is caused by a reduction of the divertor ionization source due to power starvation, while volume recombination is only a small contributor. This interpretation is confirmed by SOLPS modelling. TCV alternative divertor studies are being extended to neutral beam heated H-mode plasmas. The H-mode power threshold is found to vary weakly between standard, X-, and Super- X geometries. In all cases, ELMy H-mode is obtained at intermediate current, while the discharges are ELM-free at high current. Signs of detachment have so far only been observed in the latter case. Ongoing experiments further investigate H-mode detachment in these plasmas and will be extended to Snowflake configurations.

Published
2018

11. Physics research on the TCV tokamak facility: from conventional to alternative scenarios and beyond

Author

Coda, S., primary, Agostini, M., additional, Albanese, R., additional, Alberti, S., additional, Alessi, E., additional, Allan, S., additional, Allcock, J., additional, Ambrosino, R., additional, Anand, H., additional, Andrèbe, Y., additional, Arnichand, H., additional, Auriemma, F., additional, Ayllon-Guerola, J.M., additional, Bagnato, F., additional, Ball, J., additional, Baquero-Ruiz, M., additional, Beletskii, A.A., additional, Bernert, M., additional, Bin, W., additional, Blanchard, P., additional, Blanken, T.C., additional, Boedo, J.A., additional, Bogar, O., additional, Bolzonella, T., additional, Bombarda, F., additional, Bonanomi, N., additional, Bouquey, F., additional, Bowman, C., additional, Brida, D., additional, Bucalossi, J., additional, Buermans, J., additional, Bufferand, H., additional, Buratti, P., additional, Calabró, G., additional, Calacci, L., additional, Camenen, Y., additional, Carnevale, D., additional, Carpanese, F., additional, Carr, M., additional, Carraro, L., additional, Casolari, A., additional, Causa, F., additional, Čeřovský, J., additional, Chellaï, O., additional, Chmielewski, P., additional, Choi, D., additional, Christen, N., additional, Ciraolo, G., additional, Cordaro, L., additional, Costea, S., additional, Cruz, N., additional, Czarnecka, A., additional, Dal Molin, A., additional, David, P., additional, Decker, J., additional, De Oliveira, H., additional, Douai, D., additional, Dreval, M.B., additional, Dudson, B., additional, Dunne, M., additional, Duval, B.P., additional, Eich, T., additional, Elmore, S., additional, Embréus, O., additional, Esposito, B., additional, Faitsch, M., additional, Farník, M., additional, Fasoli, A., additional, Fedorczak, N., additional, Felici, F., additional, Feng, S., additional, Feng, X., additional, Ferró, G., additional, Février, O., additional, Ficker, O., additional, Fil, A., additional, Fontana, M., additional, Frassinetti, L., additional, Furno, I., additional, Gahle, D.S., additional, Galassi, D., additional, Gałązka, K., additional, Gallo, A., additional, Galperti, C., additional, Garavaglia, S., additional, Garcia, J., additional, Garcia-Muñoz, M., additional, Garrido, A.J., additional, Garrido, I., additional, Gath, J., additional, Geiger, B., additional, Giruzzi, G., additional, Gobbin, M., additional, Goodman, T.P., additional, Gorini, G., additional, Gospodarczyk, M., additional, Granucci, G., additional, Graves, J.P., additional, Gruca, M., additional, Gyergyek, T., additional, Hakola, A., additional, Happel, T., additional, Harrer, G.F., additional, Harrison, J., additional, Havlíčková, E., additional, Hawke, J., additional, Henderson, S., additional, Hennequin, P., additional, Hesslow, L., additional, Hogeweij, D., additional, Hogge, J.-Ph., additional, Hopf, C., additional, Hoppe, M., additional, Horáček, J., additional, Huang, Z., additional, Hubbard, A., additional, Iantchenko, A., additional, Igochine, V., additional, Innocente, P., additional, Ionita Schrittwieser, C., additional, Isliker, H., additional, Jacquier, R., additional, Jardin, A., additional, Kappatou, A., additional, Karpushov, A., additional, Kazantzidis, P.-V., additional, Keeling, D., additional, Kirneva, N., additional, Komm, M., additional, Kong, M., additional, Kovacic, J., additional, Krawczyk, N., additional, Kudlacek, O., additional, Kurki-Suonio, T., additional, Kwiatkowski, R., additional, Labit, B., additional, Lazzaro, E., additional, Linehan, B., additional, Lipschultz, B., additional, Llobet, X., additional, Lombroni, R., additional, Loschiavo, V.P., additional, Lunt, T., additional, Macusova, E., additional, Madsen, J., additional, Maljaars, E., additional, Mantica, P., additional, Maraschek, M., additional, Marchetto, C., additional, Marco, A., additional, Mariani, A., additional, Marini, C., additional, Martin, Y., additional, Matos, F., additional, Maurizio, R., additional, Mavkov, B., additional, Mazon, D., additional, McCarthy, P., additional, McDermott, R., additional, Menkovski, V., additional, Merle, A., additional, Meyer, H., additional, Micheletti, D., additional, Militello, F., additional, Mitosinkova, K., additional, Mlynář, J., additional, Moiseenko, V., additional, Molina Cabrera, P.A., additional, Morales, J., additional, Moret, J.-M., additional, Moro, A., additional, Mumgaard, R.T., additional, Naulin, V., additional, Nem, R.D., additional, Nespoli, F., additional, Nielsen, A.H., additional, Nielsen, S.K., additional, Nocente, M., additional, Nowak, S., additional, Offeddu, N., additional, Orsitto, F.P., additional, Paccagnella, R., additional, Palha, A., additional, Papp, G., additional, Pau, A., additional, Pavlichenko, R.O., additional, Perek, A., additional, Pericoli Ridolfini, V., additional, Pesamosca, F., additional, Piergotti, V., additional, Pigatto, L., additional, Piovesan, P., additional, Piron, C., additional, Plyusnin, V., additional, Poli, E., additional, Porte, L., additional, Pucella, G., additional, Puiatti, M.E., additional, Pütterich, T., additional, Rabinski, M., additional, Juul Rasmussen, J., additional, Ravensbergen, T., additional, Reich, M., additional, Reimerdes, H., additional, Reimold, F., additional, Reux, C., additional, Ricci, D., additional, Ricci, P., additional, Rispoli, N., additional, Rosato, J., additional, Saarelma, S., additional, Salewski, M., additional, Salmi, A., additional, Sauter, O., additional, Scheffer, M., additional, Schlatter, Ch., additional, Schneider, B.S., additional, Schrittwieser, R., additional, Sharapov, S., additional, Sheeba, R.R., additional, Sheikh, U., additional, Shousha, R., additional, Silva, M., additional, Sinha, J., additional, Sozzi, C., additional, Spolaore, M., additional, Stipani, L., additional, Strand, P., additional, Tala, T., additional, Tema Biwole, A.S., additional, Teplukhina, A.A., additional, Testa, D., additional, Theiler, C., additional, Thornton, A., additional, Tomaž, G., additional, Tomes, M., additional, Tran, M.Q., additional, Tsironis, C., additional, Tsui, C.K., additional, Urban, J., additional, Valisa, M., additional, Vallar, M., additional, Van Vugt, D., additional, Vartanian, S., additional, Vasilovici, O., additional, Verhaegh, K., additional, Vermare, L., additional, Vianello, N., additional, Viezzer, E., additional, Vijvers, W.A.J., additional, Villone, F., additional, Voitsekhovitch, I., additional, Vu, N.M.T., additional, Walkden, N., additional, Wauters, T., additional, Weiland, M., additional, Weisen, H., additional, Wensing, M., additional, Wiesenberger, M., additional, Wilkie, G., additional, Wischmeier, M., additional, Wu, K., additional, Yoshida, M., additional, Zagorski, R., additional, Zanca, P., additional, Zebrowski, J., additional, Zisis, A., additional, and Zuin, M., additional

Published
2019
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13. Modification of SOL profiles and fluctuations with line-average density and divertor flux expansion in TCV

Author

Vianello, N., Tsui, C., Theiler, C., Allan, S, Boedo, J A, Labit, B., Reimerdes, H, Verhaegh, Kevin Henricus Annemarie, Vijvers, W.A.J, Walkden, N., Costea, S., Ionita, C., Naulin, V., Nielsen, A.H., J. Juul, Rasmussen, Schneider, B., Schrittwieser, R., Spolaore, M., Carralero, D., Madsen, Jens, Lipschultz, Bruce, and Militello, F.

Abstract

A set of Ohmic density ramp experiments addressing the role of parallel connection length in modifying scrape off layer (SOL) properties has been performed on the TCV tokamak. The parallel connection length has been modified by varying the poloidal flux expansion f x . It will be shown that this modification does not influence neither the detachment density threshold, nor the development of a flat SOL density profile which instead depends strongly on the increase of the core line average density. The modification of the SOL upstream profile, with the appearance of what is generally called a density shoulder , has been related to the properties of filamentary blobs. Blob size increases with density, without any dependence on the parallel connection length both in the near and far SOL. The increase of the density decay length, corresponding to a profile flattening, has been related to the variation of the divertor normalized collisionality ##IMG## [http://ej.iop.org/images/0029-5515/57/11/116014/nfaa7db3ieqn001.gif] {$\Lambda_{\rm div}$} (Myra et al 2006 Phys. Plasmas 13 112502, Carralero et al , ASDEX Upgrade Team, JET Contributors and EUROfusion MST1 Team 2015 Phys. Rev. Let . 115 215002), showing that in TCV the increase of ##IMG## [http://ej.iop.org/images/0029-5515/57/11/116014/nfaa7db3ieqn002.gif] {$\Lambda_{\rm div}$} is not sufficient to guarantee the SOL upstream profile flattening.

Published
2017

14. Spectroscopic investigation of ion sinks/sources during TCV detachment

Author

Verhaegh K., Lipschultz B., Duval B.P., Harrison J., Labit B., Lomanowski B., Maurizio R., Marini C., Reimerdes H., Sheikh U., Theiler C., Tsui C., Vianello N., Vijvers W.A.J., the TCV team, and the EUROfusion MST1 team

Subjects
Spectroscopic investigation, TCV
Abstract

Power exhaust is one of the major challenges for ITER and beyond. It is envisioned that operating in, at least, a partially detached divertor is necessary for ITER and fusion reactors. This investigation aims at providing a better physical understanding of which processes drive target ion current loss during detachment on the TCV tokamak. A novel spectroscopic technique is employed to separate ionisation and recombination contributions from Balmer line emission, enabling the determination of both the source (ionisation) and sink (recombination) of ions in the divertor plasma. One of the key characteristics of detachment is the roll-over of divertor target ion flux during a core density ramp. Previous research on TCV has indicated that three body recombination, as a sink for ions, is too small to explain the observed drop in divertor target ion flux [1]. Bolometric measurements suggests that radiated power losses reduce the power available for divertor ionization. Therefore, radiation losses could limit the ionisation source and facilitate the ion current roll-over. New measurement of divertor ion sources due to ionization, based on several Balmer series lines, appear to support this hypothesis. We present results for a range of divertor geometries with different levels of poloidal flux expansion on which the above analysis was applied. Preliminary evidence indicates the magnitude of both recombination and ionisation sinks/sources can be influenced separately by the magnetic divertor topology. This leads to variations in trends of the observed particle flux [2]. Inferences of both the recombination and ionisation sink/sources can hence provide more physical insight in the role of magnetic topology on detachment.

Published
2017

15. Detachment in alternative divertor geometries on TCV

Author

Theiler C., Duval B., Février O., Harrison J., Innocente P., Labit B., Lipschultz B., Maurizio R., Reimerdes H., Sheikh U., Tsui C., Verhaegh K., Vijvers W.A.J., TCV team, and EUROfusion MST1 team

Subjects
Tokamak Configuration Variable, divertor geometries, TCV
Abstract

The dependence of divertor detachment on magnetic geometry is explored on the TCV tokamak, with the goal of improving our basic understanding of this process and optimizing the divertor geometry for a power plant. In the experiments, connection length from the midplane to the outer target is varied by up to a factor two by either modifying the poloidal flux expansion or the divertor leg length. The outer target major radius, and hence total flux expansion, is scanned continuously with a variation of 70% to explore the properties of a Super-X divertor. The effect of an additional X-point close to the primary one (Snowflake divertor) and close to the outer target (X-point target divertor) is also assessed [1-2]. To study detachment across this large parameter space, experiments to date have mainly focused on Ohmic density ramps and on private-flux-region nitrogen seeding [3-4]. We find that although increasing the connection length through poloidal flux expansion has little effect on the density threshold for detachment of the outer leg, it allows access to a higher degree of detachment and provides improved control of the peak radiatio location. If, instead, the connection length is increased by increasing the divertor leg length, the detachment threshold is reduced by as much as 25%. Contrary to expectations from analytical and advanced numerical calculations, total flux expansion is found to have very little effect on the detachment behavior [1]. Additional X-points in the scrape-off layer can result in a zone of enhanced radiation around the secondary X-point and fully detach the part of the outer leg that sits inside the secondary X-point. This enhanced radiation region is particularly pronounced in the Snowflake geometry with sufficient nitrogen seeding [2], consistent with predictions from EMC3-Eirene calculations [5].

Published
2017

16. Development of a real-time algorithm for detection of the divertor detachment radiation front using multi-spectral imaging.

Author

Ravensbergen, T., van Berkel, M., Silburn, S.A., Harrison, J.R., Perek, A., Verhaegh, K., Vijvers, W.A.J., Theiler, C., Kirk, A., de Baar, M.R., and team, the EUROfusion MST1

Subjects
RADIATION, PLASMA radiation, IMAGE processing, PLASMA confinement, ALGORITHMS, SPECTRAL imaging, LEG
Abstract

In this paper we present a novel algorithm to extract the optical plasma boundary and radiation front for detached divertor plasmas. We show that reliable detection of the divertor leg and radiation front is possible using lightweight image processing tools. Using a non-tomographic approach, the detected divertor leg and radiation front can be mapped to the poloidal plane. This approach is fast and accurate enough for real-time control purposes, allowing in particular real-time plasma shape and detachment control, and post-shot detachment physics and dynamics analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
Full Text
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18. Overview of progress in European medium sized tokamaks towards an integrated plasma-edge/wall solution

Author

Eich, T., Beurskens, M.N.A., Coda, S., Hakola, A., Martin, P., Adamek, J., Agostini, M., Aguiam, D., Ahn, J., Aho-Mantila, L., Akers, R., Albanese, R., Aledda, R., Alessi, E., Allan, S., Alves, D., Ambrosino, R., Amicucci, L., Anand, H., Anastassiou, G., Andrèbe, Y., Angioni, C., Apruzzese, G., Ariola, M., Arnichand, H., Arter, W., Baciero, A., Barnes, M., Barrera, L., Behn, R., Bencze, A., Bernardo, J., Bernert, M., Bettini, P., Bilková, P., Bin, W., Birkenmeier, G., Bizarro, J. P.S., Blanchard, P., Blanken, T., Bluteau, M., Bobkov, V., Bogar, O., Böhm, P., Bolzonella, T., Boncagni, L., Botrugno, A., Bottereau, C., Bouquey, F., Bourdelle, C., Brémond, S., Brezinsek, S., Brida, D., Brochard, F., Buchanan, J., Bufferand, H., Buratti, P., Cahyna, P., Calabrò, G., Camenen, Y., Caniello, R., Cannas, B., Canton, A., Cardinali, A., Carnevale, D., Carr, M., Carralero, D., Carvalho, P., Casali, L., Castaldo, C., Castejón, F., Castro, R., Causa, F., Cavazzana, R., Cavedon, M., Cecconello, M., Ceccuzzi, S., Cesario, R., Challis, C.D., Chapman, I.T., Chapman, S., Chernyshova, M., Choi, D., Cianfarani, C., Ciraolo, G., Citrin, J., Clairet, F., Classen, I., Coelho, R., Coenen, J. W., Colas, L., Conway, G., Corre, Y., Costea, S., Crisanti, F., Cruz, N., Cseh, G., Czarnecka, A., D'Arcangelo, O., De Angeli, M., De Masi, G., De Temmerman, G., De Tommasi, G., Decker, J., Delogu, R. S., Dendy, R., Denner, P., Di Troia, C., Dimitrova, M., D'Inca, R., Dorić, V., Douai, D., Drenik, A., Dudson, B., Dunai, D., Dunne, M., Duval, B. P., Easy, L., Elmore, S., Erdös, B., Esposito, B., Fable, E., Faitsch, M., Fanni, A., Fedorczak, N., Felici, F., Ferreira, J., Février, O., Ficker, O., Fietz, S., Figini, L., Figueiredo, A., Fil, A., Fishpool, G., Fitzgerald, M., Fontana, M., Ford, O., Frassinetti, L., Fridström, R., Frigione, D., Fuchert, G., Fuchs, C., Furno Palumbo, M., Futatani, S., Gabellieri, L., Gałazka, K., Galdon-Quiroga, J., Galeani, S., Gallart, D., Gallo, A., Galperti, C., Gao, Y., Garavaglia, S., Garcia, J., Garcia-Carrasco, A., Garcia-Lopez, J., Garcia-Munoz, M., Gardarein, J. L., Garzotti, L., Gaspar, J., Gauthier, E., Geelen, P., Geiger, B., Ghendrih, P., Ghezzi, F., Giacomelli, L., Giannone, L., Giovannozzi, E., Giroud, C., Gleason González, C., Gobbin, M., Goodman, T. P., Gorini, G., Gospodarczyk, M., Granucci, G., Gruber, M., Gude, A., Guimarais, L., Guirlet, R., Gunn, J., Hacek, P., Hacquin, S., Hall, S., Ham, C., Happel, T., Harrison, J., Harting, D., Hauer, V., Havlickova, E., Hellsten, T., Helou, W., Henderson, S., Hennequin, P., Heyn, M., Hnat, B., Hölzl, M., Hogeweij, D., Honoré, C., Hopf, C., Horáček, J., Hornung, G., Horváth, L., Huang, Z., Huber, A., Igitkhanov, J., Igochine, V., Imrisek, M., Innocente, P., Ionita-Schrittwieser, C., Isliker, H., Ivanova-Stanik, I., Jacobsen, A. S., Jacquet, P., Jakubowski, M., Jardin, A., Jaulmes, F., Jenko, F., Jensen, T., Jeppe Miki Busk, O., Jessen, M., Joffrin, E., Jones, O., Jonsson, T., Kallenbach, A., Kallinikos, N., Kálvin, S., Kappatou, A., Karhunen, J., Karpushov, A., Kasilov, S., Kasprowicz, G., Kendl, A., Kernbichler, W., Kim, D., Kirk, A., Kjer, S., Klimek, I., Kocsis, G., Kogut, D., Komm, M., Korsholm, S. B., Koslowski, H. R., Koubiti, M., Kovacic, J., Kovarik, K., Krawczyk, N., Krbec, J., Krieger, K., Krivska, A., Kube, R., Kudlacek, O., Kurki-Suonio, T., Labit, B., Laggner, F. M., Laguardia, L., Lahtinen, A., Lalousis, P., Lang, P., Lauber, P., Lazányi, N., Lazaros, A., Le, H.B., Lebschy, A., Leddy, J., Lefévre, L., Lehnen, M., Leipold, F., Lessig, A., Leyland, M., Li, L., Liang, Y., Lipschultz, B., Liu, Y.Q., Loarer, T., Loarte, A., Loewenhoff, T., Lomanowski, B., Loschiavo, V. P., Lunt, T., Lupelli, I., Lux, H., Lyssoivan, A., Madsen, J., Maget, P., Maggi, C., Maggiora, R., Magnussen, M. L., Mailloux, J., Maljaars, B., Malygin, A., Mantica, P., Mantsinen, M., Maraschek, M., Marchand, B., Marconato, N., Marini, C., Marinucci, M., Markovic, T., Marocco, D., Marrelli, L., Martin, Y., Martin Solis, J. R., Martitsch, A., Mastrostefano, S., Mattei, M., Matthews, G., Mavridis, M., Mayoral, M. L., Mazon, D., McCarthy, P., McAdams, R., McArdle, G., McClements, K., McDermott, R., McMillan, B., Meisl, G., Merle, A., Meyer, O., Milanesio, D., Militello, F., Miron, I. G., Mitosinkova, K., Mlynar, J., Mlynek, A., Molina, D., Molina, P., Monakhov, I., Morales, J., Moreau, D., Morel, P., Moret, J. M., Moro, A., Moulton, D., Müller, H. W., Nabais, F., Nardon, E., Naulin, V., Nemes-Czopf, A., Nespoli, F., Neu, R., Nielsen, A. H., Nielsen, S. K., Nikolaeva, V., Nimb, S., Nocente, M., Nouailletas, R., Nowak, S., Oberkofler, M., Oberparleiter, M., Ochoukov, R., Odstrčil, T., Olsen, J., Omotani, J., O'Mullane, M. G., Orain, F., Osterman, N., Paccagnella, R., Pamela, S., Pangione, L., Panjan, M., Papp, G., Papřok, R., Parail, V., Parra, F. I., Pau, A., Pautasso, G., Pehkonen, S. P., Pereira, A., Perelli Cippo, E., Pericoli Ridolfini, V., Peterka, M., Petersson, P., Petrzilka, V., Piovesan, P., Piron, C., Pironti, A., Pisano, F., Pisokas, T., Pitts, R., Ploumistakis, I., Plyusnin, V., Pokol, G., Poljak, D., Pölöskei, P., Popovic, Z., Pór, G., Porte, L., Potzel, S., Predebon, I., Preynas, M., Primc, G., Pucella, G., Puiatti, M. E., Pütterich, T., Rack, M., Ramogida, G., Rapson, C., Rasmussen, J. Juul, Rasmussen, J., Rattá, G. A., Ratynskaia, S., Ravera, G., Réfy, D., Reich, M., Reimerdes, H., Reimold, F., Reinke, M., Reiser, D., Resnik, M., Reux, C., Ripamonti, D., Rittich, D., Riva, G., Rodriguez-Ramos, M., Rohde, V., Rosato, J., Ryter, F., Saarelma, S., Sabot, R., Saint-Laurent, F., Salewski, M., Salmi, A., Samaddar, D., Sanchis-Sanchez, L., Santos, J., Sauter, O., Scannell, R., Scheffer, M., Schneider, M., Schneider, B., Schneider, P., Schneller, M., Schrittwieser, R., Schubert, M., Schweinzer, J., Seidl, J., Sertoli, M., Šesnić, S., Shabbir, A., Shalpegin, A., Shanahan, B., Sharapov, S., Sheikh, U., Sias, G., Sieglin, B., Silva, C., Silva, A., Silva Fuglister, M., Simpson, J., Snicker, A., Sommariva, C., Sozzi, C., Spagnolo, S., Spizzo, G., Spolaore, M., Stange, T., Stejner Pedersen, M., Stepanov, I., Stober, J., Strand, P., Šušnjara, A., Suttrop, W., Szepesi, T., Tál, B., Tala, T., Tamain, P., Tardini, G., Tardocchi, M., Teplukhina, A., Terranova, D., Testa, D., Theiler, C., Thornton, A., Tolias, P., Tophj, L., Treutterer, W., Trevisan, G. L., Tripsky, M., Tsironis, C., Tsui, C., Tudisco, O., Uccello, A., Urban, J., Valisa, M., Vallejos, P., Valovic, M., Van Den Brand, H., Vanovac, B., Varoutis, S., Vartanian, S., Vega, J., Verdoolaege, G., Verhaegh, K., Vermare, L., Vianello, N., Vicente, J., Viezzer, E., Vignitchouk, L., Vijvers, W.A.J., Villone, F., Viola, B., Vlahos, L., Voitsekhovitch, I., Vondráček, P., Vu, N. M.T., Wagner, D., Walkden, N., Wang, N., Wauters, T., Weiland, M., Weinzettl, V., Westerhof, E., Wiesenberger, M., Willensdorfer, M., Wischmeier, M., Wodniak, I., Wolfrum, E., Yadykin, D., Zagórski, R., Zammuto, I., Zanca, P., Zaplotnik, R., Zestanakis, P., Zhang, W., Zoletnik, S., Zuin, M., Meyer, H., Eich, T., Beurskens, M.N.A., Coda, S., Hakola, A., Martin, P., Adamek, J., Agostini, M., Aguiam, D., Ahn, J., Aho-Mantila, L., Akers, R., Albanese, R., Aledda, R., Alessi, E., Allan, S., Alves, D., Ambrosino, R., Amicucci, L., Anand, H., Anastassiou, G., Andrèbe, Y., Angioni, C., Apruzzese, G., Ariola, M., Arnichand, H., Arter, W., Baciero, A., Barnes, M., Barrera, L., Behn, R., Bencze, A., Bernardo, J., Bernert, M., Bettini, P., Bilková, P., Bin, W., Birkenmeier, G., Bizarro, J. P.S., Blanchard, P., Blanken, T., Bluteau, M., Bobkov, V., Bogar, O., Böhm, P., Bolzonella, T., Boncagni, L., Botrugno, A., Bottereau, C., Bouquey, F., Bourdelle, C., Brémond, S., Brezinsek, S., Brida, D., Brochard, F., Buchanan, J., Bufferand, H., Buratti, P., Cahyna, P., Calabrò, G., Camenen, Y., Caniello, R., Cannas, B., Canton, A., Cardinali, A., Carnevale, D., Carr, M., Carralero, D., Carvalho, P., Casali, L., Castaldo, C., Castejón, F., Castro, R., Causa, F., Cavazzana, R., Cavedon, M., Cecconello, M., Ceccuzzi, S., Cesario, R., Challis, C.D., Chapman, I.T., Chapman, S., Chernyshova, M., Choi, D., Cianfarani, C., Ciraolo, G., Citrin, J., Clairet, F., Classen, I., Coelho, R., Coenen, J. W., Colas, L., Conway, G., Corre, Y., Costea, S., Crisanti, F., Cruz, N., Cseh, G., Czarnecka, A., D'Arcangelo, O., De Angeli, M., De Masi, G., De Temmerman, G., De Tommasi, G., Decker, J., Delogu, R. S., Dendy, R., Denner, P., Di Troia, C., Dimitrova, M., D'Inca, R., Dorić, V., Douai, D., Drenik, A., Dudson, B., Dunai, D., Dunne, M., Duval, B. P., Easy, L., Elmore, S., Erdös, B., Esposito, B., Fable, E., Faitsch, M., Fanni, A., Fedorczak, N., Felici, F., Ferreira, J., Février, O., Ficker, O., Fietz, S., Figini, L., Figueiredo, A., Fil, A., Fishpool, G., Fitzgerald, M., Fontana, M., Ford, O., Frassinetti, L., Fridström, R., Frigione, D., Fuchert, G., Fuchs, C., Furno Palumbo, M., Futatani, S., Gabellieri, L., Gałazka, K., Galdon-Quiroga, J., Galeani, S., Gallart, D., Gallo, A., Galperti, C., Gao, Y., Garavaglia, S., Garcia, J., Garcia-Carrasco, A., Garcia-Lopez, J., Garcia-Munoz, M., Gardarein, J. L., Garzotti, L., Gaspar, J., Gauthier, E., Geelen, P., Geiger, B., Ghendrih, P., Ghezzi, F., Giacomelli, L., Giannone, L., Giovannozzi, E., Giroud, C., Gleason González, C., Gobbin, M., Goodman, T. P., Gorini, G., Gospodarczyk, M., Granucci, G., Gruber, M., Gude, A., Guimarais, L., Guirlet, R., Gunn, J., Hacek, P., Hacquin, S., Hall, S., Ham, C., Happel, T., Harrison, J., Harting, D., Hauer, V., Havlickova, E., Hellsten, T., Helou, W., Henderson, S., Hennequin, P., Heyn, M., Hnat, B., Hölzl, M., Hogeweij, D., Honoré, C., Hopf, C., Horáček, J., Hornung, G., Horváth, L., Huang, Z., Huber, A., Igitkhanov, J., Igochine, V., Imrisek, M., Innocente, P., Ionita-Schrittwieser, C., Isliker, H., Ivanova-Stanik, I., Jacobsen, A. S., Jacquet, P., Jakubowski, M., Jardin, A., Jaulmes, F., Jenko, F., Jensen, T., Jeppe Miki Busk, O., Jessen, M., Joffrin, E., Jones, O., Jonsson, T., Kallenbach, A., Kallinikos, N., Kálvin, S., Kappatou, A., Karhunen, J., Karpushov, A., Kasilov, S., Kasprowicz, G., Kendl, A., Kernbichler, W., Kim, D., Kirk, A., Kjer, S., Klimek, I., Kocsis, G., Kogut, D., Komm, M., Korsholm, S. B., Koslowski, H. R., Koubiti, M., Kovacic, J., Kovarik, K., Krawczyk, N., Krbec, J., Krieger, K., Krivska, A., Kube, R., Kudlacek, O., Kurki-Suonio, T., Labit, B., Laggner, F. M., Laguardia, L., Lahtinen, A., Lalousis, P., Lang, P., Lauber, P., Lazányi, N., Lazaros, A., Le, H.B., Lebschy, A., Leddy, J., Lefévre, L., Lehnen, M., Leipold, F., Lessig, A., Leyland, M., Li, L., Liang, Y., Lipschultz, B., Liu, Y.Q., Loarer, T., Loarte, A., Loewenhoff, T., Lomanowski, B., Loschiavo, V. P., Lunt, T., Lupelli, I., Lux, H., Lyssoivan, A., Madsen, J., Maget, P., Maggi, C., Maggiora, R., Magnussen, M. L., Mailloux, J., Maljaars, B., Malygin, A., Mantica, P., Mantsinen, M., Maraschek, M., Marchand, B., Marconato, N., Marini, C., Marinucci, M., Markovic, T., Marocco, D., Marrelli, L., Martin, Y., Martin Solis, J. R., Martitsch, A., Mastrostefano, S., Mattei, M., Matthews, G., Mavridis, M., Mayoral, M. L., Mazon, D., McCarthy, P., McAdams, R., McArdle, G., McClements, K., McDermott, R., McMillan, B., Meisl, G., Merle, A., Meyer, O., Milanesio, D., Militello, F., Miron, I. G., Mitosinkova, K., Mlynar, J., Mlynek, A., Molina, D., Molina, P., Monakhov, I., Morales, J., Moreau, D., Morel, P., Moret, J. M., Moro, A., Moulton, D., Müller, H. W., Nabais, F., Nardon, E., Naulin, V., Nemes-Czopf, A., Nespoli, F., Neu, R., Nielsen, A. H., Nielsen, S. K., Nikolaeva, V., Nimb, S., Nocente, M., Nouailletas, R., Nowak, S., Oberkofler, M., Oberparleiter, M., Ochoukov, R., Odstrčil, T., Olsen, J., Omotani, J., O'Mullane, M. G., Orain, F., Osterman, N., Paccagnella, R., Pamela, S., Pangione, L., Panjan, M., Papp, G., Papřok, R., Parail, V., Parra, F. I., Pau, A., Pautasso, G., Pehkonen, S. P., Pereira, A., Perelli Cippo, E., Pericoli Ridolfini, V., Peterka, M., Petersson, P., Petrzilka, V., Piovesan, P., Piron, C., Pironti, A., Pisano, F., Pisokas, T., Pitts, R., Ploumistakis, I., Plyusnin, V., Pokol, G., Poljak, D., Pölöskei, P., Popovic, Z., Pór, G., Porte, L., Potzel, S., Predebon, I., Preynas, M., Primc, G., Pucella, G., Puiatti, M. E., Pütterich, T., Rack, M., Ramogida, G., Rapson, C., Rasmussen, J. Juul, Rasmussen, J., Rattá, G. A., Ratynskaia, S., Ravera, G., Réfy, D., Reich, M., Reimerdes, H., Reimold, F., Reinke, M., Reiser, D., Resnik, M., Reux, C., Ripamonti, D., Rittich, D., Riva, G., Rodriguez-Ramos, M., Rohde, V., Rosato, J., Ryter, F., Saarelma, S., Sabot, R., Saint-Laurent, F., Salewski, M., Salmi, A., Samaddar, D., Sanchis-Sanchez, L., Santos, J., Sauter, O., Scannell, R., Scheffer, M., Schneider, M., Schneider, B., Schneider, P., Schneller, M., Schrittwieser, R., Schubert, M., Schweinzer, J., Seidl, J., Sertoli, M., Šesnić, S., Shabbir, A., Shalpegin, A., Shanahan, B., Sharapov, S., Sheikh, U., Sias, G., Sieglin, B., Silva, C., Silva, A., Silva Fuglister, M., Simpson, J., Snicker, A., Sommariva, C., Sozzi, C., Spagnolo, S., Spizzo, G., Spolaore, M., Stange, T., Stejner Pedersen, M., Stepanov, I., Stober, J., Strand, P., Šušnjara, A., Suttrop, W., Szepesi, T., Tál, B., Tala, T., Tamain, P., Tardini, G., Tardocchi, M., Teplukhina, A., Terranova, D., Testa, D., Theiler, C., Thornton, A., Tolias, P., Tophj, L., Treutterer, W., Trevisan, G. L., Tripsky, M., Tsironis, C., Tsui, C., Tudisco, O., Uccello, A., Urban, J., Valisa, M., Vallejos, P., Valovic, M., Van Den Brand, H., Vanovac, B., Varoutis, S., Vartanian, S., Vega, J., Verdoolaege, G., Verhaegh, K., Vermare, L., Vianello, N., Vicente, J., Viezzer, E., Vignitchouk, L., Vijvers, W.A.J., Villone, F., Viola, B., Vlahos, L., Voitsekhovitch, I., Vondráček, P., Vu, N. M.T., Wagner, D., Walkden, N., Wang, N., Wauters, T., Weiland, M., Weinzettl, V., Westerhof, E., Wiesenberger, M., Willensdorfer, M., Wischmeier, M., Wodniak, I., Wolfrum, E., Yadykin, D., Zagórski, R., Zammuto, I., Zanca, P., Zaplotnik, R., Zestanakis, P., Zhang, W., Zoletnik, S., Zuin, M., and Meyer, H.

Abstract

Integrating the plasma core performance with an edge and scrape-off layer (SOL) that leads to tolerable heat and particle loads on the wall is a major challenge. The new European medium size tokamak task force (EU-MST) coordinates research on ASDEX Upgrade (AUG), MAST and TCV. This multi-machine approach within EU-MST, covering a wide parameter range, is instrumental to progress in the field, as ITER and DEMO core/pedestal and SOL parameters are not achievable simultaneously in present day devices. A two prong approach is adopted. On the one hand, scenarios with tolerable transient heat and particle loads, including active edge localised mode (ELM) control are developed. On the other hand, divertor solutions including advanced magnetic configurations are studied. Considerable progress has been made on both approaches, in particular in the fields of: ELM control with resonant magnetic perturbations (RMP), small ELM regimes, detachment onset and control, as well as filamentary scrape-off-layer transport. For example full ELM suppression has now been achieved on AUG at low collisionality with n = 2 RMP maintaining good confinement . Advances have been made with respect to detachment onset and control. Studies in advanced divertor configurations (Snowflake, Super-X and X-point target divertor) shed new light on SOL physics. Cross field filamentary transport has been characterised in a wide parameter regime on AUG, MAST and TCV progressing the theoretical and experimental understanding crucial for predicting first wall loads in ITER and DEMO. Conditions in the SOL also play a crucial role for ELM stability and access to small ELM regimes.

Published
2017

19. Overview of the TCV tokamak program: scientific progress and facility upgrades

Author

Coda, S., Ahn, J., Albanese, R., Alberti, S., Alessi, E., Allan, S., Anand, H., Anastassiou, G., Andrèbe, Y., Angioni, C., Ariola, M., Bernert, M., Beurskens, M.N.A., Bin, W., Blanchard, P., Blanken, T.C., Boedo, J.A., Bolzonella, T., Bouquey, F., Braunmüller, F.H., Bufferand, H., Buratti, P., Calabró, G., Camenen, Y., Carnevale, D., Carpanese, F., Causa, F., Cesario, R., Chapman, I.T., Chellai, O., Choi, D., Cianfarani, C., Ciraolo, G., Citrin, J., Costea, S., Crisanti, F., Cruz, N., Czarnecka, A., Decker, J., De Masi, G., De Tommasi, G., Douai, D., Dunne, M., Duval, B.P., Eich, T., Elmore, S., Esposito, B., Faitsch, M., Fasoli, A., Fedorczak, N., Felici, F., Février, O., Ficker, O., Fietz, S., Fontana, M., Frassinetti, L., Furno, I., Galeani, S., Gallo, A., Galperti, C., Garavaglia, S., Garrido, I., Geiger, B., Giovannozzi, E., Gobbin, M., Goodman, T.P., Gorini, G., Gospodarczyk, M., Granucci, G., Graves, J.P., Guirlet, R., Hakola, A., Ham, C., Harrison, J., Hawke, J., Hennequin, P., Hnat, B., Hogeweij, D., Hogge, J.- P., Honoré, C., Hopf, C., Horáček, J., Huang, Z., Igochine, V., Innocente, P., Ionita-Schrittwieser, C., Isliker, H., Jacquier, R., Jardin, A., Kamleitner, J., Karpushov, A., Keeling, D.L., Kirneva, N., Kong, M., Koubiti, M., Kovacic, J., Krämer-Flecken, A., Krawczyk, N., Kudlacek, O., Labit, B., Lazzaro, E., Le, H.B., Lipschultz, B., Llobet, X., Lomanowski, B., Loschiavo, V.P., Lunt, T., Maget, P., Maljaars, E., Malygin, A., Maraschek, M., Marini, C., Martin, P., Martin, Y., Mastrostefano, S., Maurizio, R., Mavridis, M., Mazon, D., McAdams, R., McDermott, R., Merle, A., Meyer, H., Militello, F., Miron, I.G., Molina Cabrera, P.A., Moret, J.M., Moro, A., Moulton, D., Naulin, V., Nespoli, F., Nielsen, A.H., Nocente, M., Nouailletas, R., Nowak, S., Odstrčil, T., Papp, G., Papřok, R., Pau, A., Pautasso, G., Pericoli Ridolfini, V., Piovesan, P., Piron, C., Pisokas, T., Porte, L., Preynas, M., Ramogida, G., Rapson, C., Rasmussen, J.J., Reich, M., Reimerdes, H., Reux, C., Ricci, P., Rittich, D., Riva, F., Robinson, T., Saarelma, S., Saint-Laurent, F., Sauter, O., Scannell, R., Schlatter, Ch., Schneider, B., Schneider, P., Schrittwieser, R., Sciortino, F., Sertoli, M., Sheikh, U., Sieglin, B., Silva, M., Sinha, J., Sozzi, C., Spolaore, M., Stange, T., Stoltzfus-Dueck, T., Tamain, P., Teplukhina, A., Testa, D., Theiler, C., Thornton, A., Tophøj, L., Tran, M.Q., Tsironis, C., Tsui, C., Uccello, A., Vartanian, S., Verdoolaege, G., Verhaegh, K.H.A., Vermare, L., Vianello, N., Vijvers, W.A.J., Vlahos, L., Vu, N.M.T., Walkden, N., Wauters, T., Weisen, H., Wischmeier, M., Zestanakis, P., Zuin, M., Coda, S., Ahn, J., Albanese, R., Alberti, S., Alessi, E., Allan, S., Anand, H., Anastassiou, G., Andrèbe, Y., Angioni, C., Ariola, M., Bernert, M., Beurskens, M.N.A., Bin, W., Blanchard, P., Blanken, T.C., Boedo, J.A., Bolzonella, T., Bouquey, F., Braunmüller, F.H., Bufferand, H., Buratti, P., Calabró, G., Camenen, Y., Carnevale, D., Carpanese, F., Causa, F., Cesario, R., Chapman, I.T., Chellai, O., Choi, D., Cianfarani, C., Ciraolo, G., Citrin, J., Costea, S., Crisanti, F., Cruz, N., Czarnecka, A., Decker, J., De Masi, G., De Tommasi, G., Douai, D., Dunne, M., Duval, B.P., Eich, T., Elmore, S., Esposito, B., Faitsch, M., Fasoli, A., Fedorczak, N., Felici, F., Février, O., Ficker, O., Fietz, S., Fontana, M., Frassinetti, L., Furno, I., Galeani, S., Gallo, A., Galperti, C., Garavaglia, S., Garrido, I., Geiger, B., Giovannozzi, E., Gobbin, M., Goodman, T.P., Gorini, G., Gospodarczyk, M., Granucci, G., Graves, J.P., Guirlet, R., Hakola, A., Ham, C., Harrison, J., Hawke, J., Hennequin, P., Hnat, B., Hogeweij, D., Hogge, J.- P., Honoré, C., Hopf, C., Horáček, J., Huang, Z., Igochine, V., Innocente, P., Ionita-Schrittwieser, C., Isliker, H., Jacquier, R., Jardin, A., Kamleitner, J., Karpushov, A., Keeling, D.L., Kirneva, N., Kong, M., Koubiti, M., Kovacic, J., Krämer-Flecken, A., Krawczyk, N., Kudlacek, O., Labit, B., Lazzaro, E., Le, H.B., Lipschultz, B., Llobet, X., Lomanowski, B., Loschiavo, V.P., Lunt, T., Maget, P., Maljaars, E., Malygin, A., Maraschek, M., Marini, C., Martin, P., Martin, Y., Mastrostefano, S., Maurizio, R., Mavridis, M., Mazon, D., McAdams, R., McDermott, R., Merle, A., Meyer, H., Militello, F., Miron, I.G., Molina Cabrera, P.A., Moret, J.M., Moro, A., Moulton, D., Naulin, V., Nespoli, F., Nielsen, A.H., Nocente, M., Nouailletas, R., Nowak, S., Odstrčil, T., Papp, G., Papřok, R., Pau, A., Pautasso, G., Pericoli Ridolfini, V., Piovesan, P., Piron, C., Pisokas, T., Porte, L., Preynas, M., Ramogida, G., Rapson, C., Rasmussen, J.J., Reich, M., Reimerdes, H., Reux, C., Ricci, P., Rittich, D., Riva, F., Robinson, T., Saarelma, S., Saint-Laurent, F., Sauter, O., Scannell, R., Schlatter, Ch., Schneider, B., Schneider, P., Schrittwieser, R., Sciortino, F., Sertoli, M., Sheikh, U., Sieglin, B., Silva, M., Sinha, J., Sozzi, C., Spolaore, M., Stange, T., Stoltzfus-Dueck, T., Tamain, P., Teplukhina, A., Testa, D., Theiler, C., Thornton, A., Tophøj, L., Tran, M.Q., Tsironis, C., Tsui, C., Uccello, A., Vartanian, S., Verdoolaege, G., Verhaegh, K.H.A., Vermare, L., Vianello, N., Vijvers, W.A.J., Vlahos, L., Vu, N.M.T., Walkden, N., Wauters, T., Weisen, H., Wischmeier, M., Zestanakis, P., and Zuin, M.

Abstract

The TCV tokamak is augmenting its unique historical capabilities (strong shaping, strong electron heating) with ion heating, additional electron heating compatible with high densities, and variable divertor geometry, in a multifaceted upgrade program designed to broaden its operational range without sacrificing its fundamental flexibility. The TCV program is rooted in a three-pronged approach aimed at ITER support, explorations towards DEMO, and fundamental research. A 1 MW, tangential neutral beam injector (NBI) was recently installed and promptly extended the TCV parameter range, with record ion temperatures and toroidal rotation velocities and measurable neutral-beam current drive. ITER-relevant scenario development has received particular attention, with strategies aimed at maximizing performance through optimized discharge trajectories to avoid MHD instabilities, such as peeling-ballooning and neoclassical tearing modes. Experiments on exhaust physics have focused particularly on detachment, a necessary step to a DEMO reactor, in a comprehensive set of conventional and advanced divertor concepts. The specific theoretical prediction of an enhanced radiation region between the two X-points in the low-field-side snowflake-minus configuration was experimentally confirmed. Fundamental investigations of the power decay length in the scrape-off layer (SOL) are progressing rapidly, again in widely varying configurations and in both D and He plasmas; in particular, the double decay length in L-mode limited plasmas was found to be replaced by a single length at high SOL resistivity. Experiments on disruption mitigation by massive gas injection and electron-cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) have begun in earnest, in parallel with studies of runaway electron generation and control, in both stable and disruptive conditions; a quiescent runaway beam carrying the entire electrical current appears to develop in some cases. Developments in plasma control have benefited from

Published
2017

20. Overview of progress in European medium sized tokamaks towards an integrated plasma-edge/wall solution

Author

Meyer, H., Eich, T., Beurskens, M.N.A., Coda, S., Hakola, A., Martin, P., Adamek, J., Agostini, M., Aguiam, D., Ahn, J., Aho-Mantila, L., Akers, R., Albanese, R., Aledda, R., Alessi, E., Allan, S., Alves, D., Ambrosino, R., Amicucci, L., Anand, H., Anastassiou, G., Andrèbe, Y., Angioni, C., Apruzzese, G., Ariola, M., Arnichand, H., Arter, W., Baciero, A., Barnes, M., Barrera, L., Behn, R., Bencze, A., Bernardo, J., Bernert, M., Bettini, P., Bilková, P., Bin, W., Birkenmeier, G., Bizarro, J. P.S., Blanchard, P., Blanken, T., Bluteau, M., Bobkov, V., Bogar, O., Böhm, P., Bolzonella, T., Boncagni, L., Botrugno, A., Bottereau, C., Bouquey, F., Bourdelle, C., Brémond, S., Brezinsek, S., Brida, D., Brochard, F., Buchanan, J., Bufferand, H., Buratti, P., Cahyna, P., Calabrò, G., Camenen, Y., Caniello, R., Cannas, B., Canton, A., Cardinali, A., Carnevale, D., Carr, M., Carralero, D., Carvalho, P., Casali, L., Castaldo, C., Castejón, F., Castro, R., Causa, F., Cavazzana, R., Cavedon, M., Cecconello, M., Ceccuzzi, S., Cesario, R., Challis, C.D., Chapman, I.T., Chapman, S., Chernyshova, M., Choi, D., Cianfarani, C., Ciraolo, G., Citrin, J., Clairet, F., Classen, I., Coelho, R., Coenen, J. W., Colas, L., Conway, G., Corre, Y., Costea, S., Crisanti, F., Cruz, N., Cseh, G., Czarnecka, A., D'Arcangelo, O., De Angeli, M., De Masi, G., De Temmerman, G., De Tommasi, G., Decker, J., Delogu, R. S., Dendy, R., Denner, P., Di Troia, C., Dimitrova, M., D'Inca, R., Dorić, V., Douai, D., Drenik, A., Dudson, B., Dunai, D., Dunne, M., Duval, B. P., Easy, L., Elmore, S., Erdös, B., Esposito, B., Fable, E., Faitsch, M., Fanni, A., Fedorczak, N., Felici, F., Ferreira, J., Février, O., Ficker, O., Fietz, S., Figini, L., Figueiredo, A., Fil, A., Fishpool, G., Fitzgerald, M., Fontana, M., Ford, O., Frassinetti, L., Fridström, R., Frigione, D., Fuchert, G., Fuchs, C., Furno Palumbo, M., Futatani, S., Gabellieri, L., Gałazka, K., Galdon-Quiroga, J., Galeani, S., Gallart, D., Gallo, A., Galperti, C., Gao, Y., Garavaglia, S., Garcia, J., Garcia-Carrasco, A., Garcia-Lopez, J., Garcia-Munoz, M., Gardarein, J. L., Garzotti, L., Gaspar, J., Gauthier, E., Geelen, P., Geiger, B., Ghendrih, P., Ghezzi, F., Giacomelli, L., Giannone, L., Giovannozzi, E., Giroud, C., Gleason González, C., Gobbin, M., Goodman, T. P., Gorini, G., Gospodarczyk, M., Granucci, G., Gruber, M., Gude, A., Guimarais, L., Guirlet, R., Gunn, J., Hacek, P., Hacquin, S., Hall, S., Ham, C., Happel, T., Harrison, J., Harting, D., Hauer, V., Havlickova, E., Hellsten, T., Helou, W., Henderson, S., Hennequin, P., Heyn, M., Hnat, B., Hölzl, M., Hogeweij, D., Honoré, C., Hopf, C., Horáček, J., Hornung, G., Horváth, L., Huang, Z., Huber, A., Igitkhanov, J., Igochine, V., Imrisek, M., Innocente, P., Ionita-Schrittwieser, C., Isliker, H., Ivanova-Stanik, I., Jacobsen, A. S., Jacquet, P., Jakubowski, M., Jardin, A., Jaulmes, F., Jenko, F., Jensen, T., Jeppe Miki Busk, O., Jessen, M., Joffrin, E., Jones, O., Jonsson, T., Kallenbach, A., Kallinikos, N., Kálvin, S., Kappatou, A., Karhunen, J., Karpushov, A., Kasilov, S., Kasprowicz, G., Kendl, A., Kernbichler, W., Kim, D., Kirk, A., Kjer, S., Klimek, I., Kocsis, G., Kogut, D., Komm, M., Korsholm, S. B., Koslowski, H. R., Koubiti, M., Kovacic, J., Kovarik, K., Krawczyk, N., Krbec, J., Krieger, K., Krivska, A., Kube, R., Kudlacek, O., Kurki-Suonio, T., Labit, B., Laggner, F. M., Laguardia, L., Lahtinen, A., Lalousis, P., Lang, P., Lauber, P., Lazányi, N., Lazaros, A., Le, H.B., Lebschy, A., Leddy, J., Lefévre, L., Lehnen, M., Leipold, F., Lessig, A., Leyland, M., Li, L., Liang, Y., Lipschultz, B., Liu, Y.Q., Loarer, T., Loarte, A., Loewenhoff, T., Lomanowski, B., Loschiavo, V. P., Lunt, T., Lupelli, I., Lux, H., Lyssoivan, A., Madsen, J., Maget, P., Maggi, C., Maggiora, R., Magnussen, M. L., Mailloux, J., Maljaars, B., Malygin, A., Mantica, P., Mantsinen, M., Maraschek, M., Marchand, B., Marconato, N., Marini, C., Marinucci, M., Markovic, T., Marocco, D., Marrelli, L., Martin, Y., Martin Solis, J. R., Martitsch, A., Mastrostefano, S., Mattei, M., Matthews, G., Mavridis, M., Mayoral, M. L., Mazon, D., McCarthy, P., McAdams, R., McArdle, G., McClements, K., McDermott, R., McMillan, B., Meisl, G., Merle, A., Meyer, O., Milanesio, D., Militello, F., Miron, I. G., Mitosinkova, K., Mlynar, J., Mlynek, A., Molina, D., Molina, P., Monakhov, I., Morales, J., Moreau, D., Morel, P., Moret, J. M., Moro, A., Moulton, D., Müller, H. W., Nabais, F., Nardon, E., Naulin, V., Nemes-Czopf, A., Nespoli, F., Neu, R., Nielsen, A. H., Nielsen, S. K., Nikolaeva, V., Nimb, S., Nocente, M., Nouailletas, R., Nowak, S., Oberkofler, M., Oberparleiter, M., Ochoukov, R., Odstrčil, T., Olsen, J., Omotani, J., O'Mullane, M. G., Orain, F., Osterman, N., Paccagnella, R., Pamela, S., Pangione, L., Panjan, M., Papp, G., Papřok, R., Parail, V., Parra, F. I., Pau, A., Pautasso, G., Pehkonen, S. P., Pereira, A., Perelli Cippo, E., Pericoli Ridolfini, V., Peterka, M., Petersson, P., Petrzilka, V., Piovesan, P., Piron, C., Pironti, A., Pisano, F., Pisokas, T., Pitts, R., Ploumistakis, I., Plyusnin, V., Pokol, G., Poljak, D., Pölöskei, P., Popovic, Z., Pór, G., Porte, L., Potzel, S., Predebon, I., Preynas, M., Primc, G., Pucella, G., Puiatti, M. E., Pütterich, T., Rack, M., Ramogida, G., Rapson, C., Rasmussen, J. Juul, Rasmussen, J., Rattá, G. A., Ratynskaia, S., Ravera, G., Réfy, D., Reich, M., Reimerdes, H., Reimold, F., Reinke, M., Reiser, D., Resnik, M., Reux, C., Ripamonti, D., Rittich, D., Riva, G., Rodriguez-Ramos, M., Rohde, V., Rosato, J., Ryter, F., Saarelma, S., Sabot, R., Saint-Laurent, F., Salewski, M., Salmi, A., Samaddar, D., Sanchis-Sanchez, L., Santos, J., Sauter, O., Scannell, R., Scheffer, M., Schneider, M., Schneider, B., Schneider, P., Schneller, M., Schrittwieser, R., Schubert, M., Schweinzer, J., Seidl, J., Sertoli, M., Šesnić, S., Shabbir, A., Shalpegin, A., Shanahan, B., Sharapov, S., Sheikh, U., Sias, G., Sieglin, B., Silva, C., Silva, A., Silva Fuglister, M., Simpson, J., Snicker, A., Sommariva, C., Sozzi, C., Spagnolo, S., Spizzo, G., Spolaore, M., Stange, T., Stejner Pedersen, M., Stepanov, I., Stober, J., Strand, P., Šušnjara, A., Suttrop, W., Szepesi, T., Tál, B., Tala, T., Tamain, P., Tardini, G., Tardocchi, M., Teplukhina, A., Terranova, D., Testa, D., Theiler, C., Thornton, A., Tolias, P., Tophj, L., Treutterer, W., Trevisan, G. L., Tripsky, M., Tsironis, C., Tsui, C., Tudisco, O., Uccello, A., Urban, J., Valisa, M., Vallejos, P., Valovic, M., Van Den Brand, H., Vanovac, B., Varoutis, S., Vartanian, S., Vega, J., Verdoolaege, G., Verhaegh, K., Vermare, L., Vianello, N., Vicente, J., Viezzer, E., Vignitchouk, L., Vijvers, W.A.J., Villone, F., Viola, B., Vlahos, L., Voitsekhovitch, I., Vondráček, P., Vu, N. M.T., Wagner, D., Walkden, N., Wang, N., Wauters, T., Weiland, M., Weinzettl, V., Westerhof, E., Wiesenberger, M., Willensdorfer, M., Wischmeier, M., Wodniak, I., Wolfrum, E., Yadykin, D., Zagórski, R., Zammuto, I., Zanca, P., Zaplotnik, R., Zestanakis, P., Zhang, W., Zoletnik, S., Zuin, M., Meyer, H., Eich, T., Beurskens, M.N.A., Coda, S., Hakola, A., Martin, P., Adamek, J., Agostini, M., Aguiam, D., Ahn, J., Aho-Mantila, L., Akers, R., Albanese, R., Aledda, R., Alessi, E., Allan, S., Alves, D., Ambrosino, R., Amicucci, L., Anand, H., Anastassiou, G., Andrèbe, Y., Angioni, C., Apruzzese, G., Ariola, M., Arnichand, H., Arter, W., Baciero, A., Barnes, M., Barrera, L., Behn, R., Bencze, A., Bernardo, J., Bernert, M., Bettini, P., Bilková, P., Bin, W., Birkenmeier, G., Bizarro, J. P.S., Blanchard, P., Blanken, T., Bluteau, M., Bobkov, V., Bogar, O., Böhm, P., Bolzonella, T., Boncagni, L., Botrugno, A., Bottereau, C., Bouquey, F., Bourdelle, C., Brémond, S., Brezinsek, S., Brida, D., Brochard, F., Buchanan, J., Bufferand, H., Buratti, P., Cahyna, P., Calabrò, G., Camenen, Y., Caniello, R., Cannas, B., Canton, A., Cardinali, A., Carnevale, D., Carr, M., Carralero, D., Carvalho, P., Casali, L., Castaldo, C., Castejón, F., Castro, R., Causa, F., Cavazzana, R., Cavedon, M., Cecconello, M., Ceccuzzi, S., Cesario, R., Challis, C.D., Chapman, I.T., Chapman, S., Chernyshova, M., Choi, D., Cianfarani, C., Ciraolo, G., Citrin, J., Clairet, F., Classen, I., Coelho, R., Coenen, J. W., Colas, L., Conway, G., Corre, Y., Costea, S., Crisanti, F., Cruz, N., Cseh, G., Czarnecka, A., D'Arcangelo, O., De Angeli, M., De Masi, G., De Temmerman, G., De Tommasi, G., Decker, J., Delogu, R. S., Dendy, R., Denner, P., Di Troia, C., Dimitrova, M., D'Inca, R., Dorić, V., Douai, D., Drenik, A., Dudson, B., Dunai, D., Dunne, M., Duval, B. P., Easy, L., Elmore, S., Erdös, B., Esposito, B., Fable, E., Faitsch, M., Fanni, A., Fedorczak, N., Felici, F., Ferreira, J., Février, O., Ficker, O., Fietz, S., Figini, L., Figueiredo, A., Fil, A., Fishpool, G., Fitzgerald, M., Fontana, M., Ford, O., Frassinetti, L., Fridström, R., Frigione, D., Fuchert, G., Fuchs, C., Furno Palumbo, M., Futatani, S., Gabellieri, L., Gałazka, K., Galdon-Quiroga, J., Galeani, S., Gallart, D., Gallo, A., Galperti, C., Gao, Y., Garavaglia, S., Garcia, J., Garcia-Carrasco, A., Garcia-Lopez, J., Garcia-Munoz, M., Gardarein, J. L., Garzotti, L., Gaspar, J., Gauthier, E., Geelen, P., Geiger, B., Ghendrih, P., Ghezzi, F., Giacomelli, L., Giannone, L., Giovannozzi, E., Giroud, C., Gleason González, C., Gobbin, M., Goodman, T. P., Gorini, G., Gospodarczyk, M., Granucci, G., Gruber, M., Gude, A., Guimarais, L., Guirlet, R., Gunn, J., Hacek, P., Hacquin, S., Hall, S., Ham, C., Happel, T., Harrison, J., Harting, D., Hauer, V., Havlickova, E., Hellsten, T., Helou, W., Henderson, S., Hennequin, P., Heyn, M., Hnat, B., Hölzl, M., Hogeweij, D., Honoré, C., Hopf, C., Horáček, J., Hornung, G., Horváth, L., Huang, Z., Huber, A., Igitkhanov, J., Igochine, V., Imrisek, M., Innocente, P., Ionita-Schrittwieser, C., Isliker, H., Ivanova-Stanik, I., Jacobsen, A. S., Jacquet, P., Jakubowski, M., Jardin, A., Jaulmes, F., Jenko, F., Jensen, T., Jeppe Miki Busk, O., Jessen, M., Joffrin, E., Jones, O., Jonsson, T., Kallenbach, A., Kallinikos, N., Kálvin, S., Kappatou, A., Karhunen, J., Karpushov, A., Kasilov, S., Kasprowicz, G., Kendl, A., Kernbichler, W., Kim, D., Kirk, A., Kjer, S., Klimek, I., Kocsis, G., Kogut, D., Komm, M., Korsholm, S. B., Koslowski, H. R., Koubiti, M., Kovacic, J., Kovarik, K., Krawczyk, N., Krbec, J., Krieger, K., Krivska, A., Kube, R., Kudlacek, O., Kurki-Suonio, T., Labit, B., Laggner, F. M., Laguardia, L., Lahtinen, A., Lalousis, P., Lang, P., Lauber, P., Lazányi, N., Lazaros, A., Le, H.B., Lebschy, A., Leddy, J., Lefévre, L., Lehnen, M., Leipold, F., Lessig, A., Leyland, M., Li, L., Liang, Y., Lipschultz, B., Liu, Y.Q., Loarer, T., Loarte, A., Loewenhoff, T., Lomanowski, B., Loschiavo, V. P., Lunt, T., Lupelli, I., Lux, H., Lyssoivan, A., Madsen, J., Maget, P., Maggi, C., Maggiora, R., Magnussen, M. L., Mailloux, J., Maljaars, B., Malygin, A., Mantica, P., Mantsinen, M., Maraschek, M., Marchand, B., Marconato, N., Marini, C., Marinucci, M., Markovic, T., Marocco, D., Marrelli, L., Martin, Y., Martin Solis, J. R., Martitsch, A., Mastrostefano, S., Mattei, M., Matthews, G., Mavridis, M., Mayoral, M. L., Mazon, D., McCarthy, P., McAdams, R., McArdle, G., McClements, K., McDermott, R., McMillan, B., Meisl, G., Merle, A., Meyer, O., Milanesio, D., Militello, F., Miron, I. G., Mitosinkova, K., Mlynar, J., Mlynek, A., Molina, D., Molina, P., Monakhov, I., Morales, J., Moreau, D., Morel, P., Moret, J. M., Moro, A., Moulton, D., Müller, H. W., Nabais, F., Nardon, E., Naulin, V., Nemes-Czopf, A., Nespoli, F., Neu, R., Nielsen, A. H., Nielsen, S. K., Nikolaeva, V., Nimb, S., Nocente, M., Nouailletas, R., Nowak, S., Oberkofler, M., Oberparleiter, M., Ochoukov, R., Odstrčil, T., Olsen, J., Omotani, J., O'Mullane, M. G., Orain, F., Osterman, N., Paccagnella, R., Pamela, S., Pangione, L., Panjan, M., Papp, G., Papřok, R., Parail, V., Parra, F. I., Pau, A., Pautasso, G., Pehkonen, S. P., Pereira, A., Perelli Cippo, E., Pericoli Ridolfini, V., Peterka, M., Petersson, P., Petrzilka, V., Piovesan, P., Piron, C., Pironti, A., Pisano, F., Pisokas, T., Pitts, R., Ploumistakis, I., Plyusnin, V., Pokol, G., Poljak, D., Pölöskei, P., Popovic, Z., Pór, G., Porte, L., Potzel, S., Predebon, I., Preynas, M., Primc, G., Pucella, G., Puiatti, M. E., Pütterich, T., Rack, M., Ramogida, G., Rapson, C., Rasmussen, J. Juul, Rasmussen, J., Rattá, G. A., Ratynskaia, S., Ravera, G., Réfy, D., Reich, M., Reimerdes, H., Reimold, F., Reinke, M., Reiser, D., Resnik, M., Reux, C., Ripamonti, D., Rittich, D., Riva, G., Rodriguez-Ramos, M., Rohde, V., Rosato, J., Ryter, F., Saarelma, S., Sabot, R., Saint-Laurent, F., Salewski, M., Salmi, A., Samaddar, D., Sanchis-Sanchez, L., Santos, J., Sauter, O., Scannell, R., Scheffer, M., Schneider, M., Schneider, B., Schneider, P., Schneller, M., Schrittwieser, R., Schubert, M., Schweinzer, J., Seidl, J., Sertoli, M., Šesnić, S., Shabbir, A., Shalpegin, A., Shanahan, B., Sharapov, S., Sheikh, U., Sias, G., Sieglin, B., Silva, C., Silva, A., Silva Fuglister, M., Simpson, J., Snicker, A., Sommariva, C., Sozzi, C., Spagnolo, S., Spizzo, G., Spolaore, M., Stange, T., Stejner Pedersen, M., Stepanov, I., Stober, J., Strand, P., Šušnjara, A., Suttrop, W., Szepesi, T., Tál, B., Tala, T., Tamain, P., Tardini, G., Tardocchi, M., Teplukhina, A., Terranova, D., Testa, D., Theiler, C., Thornton, A., Tolias, P., Tophj, L., Treutterer, W., Trevisan, G. L., Tripsky, M., Tsironis, C., Tsui, C., Tudisco, O., Uccello, A., Urban, J., Valisa, M., Vallejos, P., Valovic, M., Van Den Brand, H., Vanovac, B., Varoutis, S., Vartanian, S., Vega, J., Verdoolaege, G., Verhaegh, K., Vermare, L., Vianello, N., Vicente, J., Viezzer, E., Vignitchouk, L., Vijvers, W.A.J., Villone, F., Viola, B., Vlahos, L., Voitsekhovitch, I., Vondráček, P., Vu, N. M.T., Wagner, D., Walkden, N., Wang, N., Wauters, T., Weiland, M., Weinzettl, V., Westerhof, E., Wiesenberger, M., Willensdorfer, M., Wischmeier, M., Wodniak, I., Wolfrum, E., Yadykin, D., Zagórski, R., Zammuto, I., Zanca, P., Zaplotnik, R., Zestanakis, P., Zhang, W., Zoletnik, S., and Zuin, M.

Abstract

Integrating the plasma core performance with an edge and scrape-off layer (SOL) that leads to tolerable heat and particle loads on the wall is a major challenge. The new European medium size tokamak task force (EU-MST) coordinates research on ASDEX Upgrade (AUG), MAST and TCV. This multi-machine approach within EU-MST, covering a wide parameter range, is instrumental to progress in the field, as ITER and DEMO core/pedestal and SOL parameters are not achievable simultaneously in present day devices. A two prong approach is adopted. On the one hand, scenarios with tolerable transient heat and particle loads, including active edge localised mode (ELM) control are developed. On the other hand, divertor solutions including advanced magnetic configurations are studied. Considerable progress has been made on both approaches, in particular in the fields of: ELM control with resonant magnetic perturbations (RMP), small ELM regimes, detachment onset and control, as well as filamentary scrape-off-layer transport. For example full ELM suppression has now been achieved on AUG at low collisionality with n = 2 RMP maintaining good confinement . Advances have been made with respect to detachment onset and control. Studies in advanced divertor configurations (Snowflake, Super-X and X-point target divertor) shed new light on SOL physics. Cross field filamentary transport has been characterised in a wide parameter regime on AUG, MAST and TCV progressing the theoretical and experimental understanding crucial for predicting first wall loads in ITER and DEMO. Conditions in the SOL also play a crucial role for ELM stability and access to small ELM regimes.

Published
2017

21. Recent results on divertor detachment experiments in alternative configurations on TCV

Author

Theiler C., Harrison J., Innocente P., Lipschultz B., Reimerdes H., Tsui C., Vianello N., Vijvers W.A.J., Duval B.P., Elmore S., Labit B., Lunt T., Maurizio R., Nespoli F., Sheikh U., Verhaegh K., the TCV, and EUROfusion MST teams

Abstract

Recent experiments on the TCV tokamak explore the influence of the divertor magnetic geometry on the plasma exhaust performance, in particular the detachment threshold and stability. In typical TCV Single-Null shapes, poloidal flux expansion is varied by factors of up to five, resulting in a threefold increase in midplane to outer target connection length. X-Divertor geometries are generated to investigate the role of poloidal flux flaring near the outer target, and the effect of additional x-points in the main SOL, near the primary x-point and near the target, is investigated in Snowflake and X-point Target divertors. Finally, the effect of total flux expansion is studied in Super-X divertor geometries with and without a second x-point (see figure below for example equilibria). Partial detachment of the outer target is achieved in these plasmas using density ramps and nitrogen seeding. An investigation of the role of the different geometrical properties on the detachment behavior will be presented using measurements from a recently upgraded suite of edge diagnostics, including a fast reciprocating probe and wall probes, infrared thermography, divertor spectroscopy and bolometry.

Published
2016

22. Detachment evolution on the TCV tokamak

Author

Harrison, J.R., primary, Vijvers, W.A.J., additional, Theiler, C., additional, Duval, B.P., additional, Elmore, S., additional, Labit, B., additional, Lipschultz, B., additional, van Limpt, S.H.M., additional, Lisgo, S.W., additional, Tsui, C.K., additional, Reimerdes, H., additional, Sheikh, U., additional, Verhaegh, K.H.A., additional, and Wischmeier, M., additional

Published
2017
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23. Experimental studies of the snowflake divertor in TCV

Author

Labit, B., primary, Canal, G.P., additional, Christen, N., additional, Duval, B.P., additional, Lipschultz, B., additional, Lunt, T., additional, Nespoli, F., additional, Reimerdes, H., additional, Sheikh, U., additional, Theiler, C., additional, Tsui, C.K., additional, Verhaegh, K., additional, and Vijvers, W.A.J., additional

Published
2017
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24. Spectroscopic investigations of divertor detachment in TCV

Author

Verhaegh, K., primary, Lipschultz, B., additional, Duval, B.P., additional, Harrison, J.R., additional, Reimerdes, H., additional, Theiler, C., additional, Labit, B., additional, Maurizio, R., additional, Marini, C., additional, Nespoli, F., additional, Sheikh, U., additional, Tsui, C.K., additional, Vianello, N., additional, and Vijvers, W.A.J., additional

Published
2017
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25. Overview of progress in European medium sized tokamaks towards an integrated plasma-edge/wall solution a

Author

Meyer, H., primary, Eich, T., additional, Beurskens, M., additional, Coda, S., additional, Hakola, A., additional, Martin, P., additional, Adamek, J., additional, Agostini, M., additional, Aguiam, D., additional, Ahn, J., additional, Aho-Mantila, L., additional, Akers, R., additional, Albanese, R., additional, Aledda, R., additional, Alessi, E., additional, Allan, S., additional, Alves, D., additional, Ambrosino, R., additional, Amicucci, L., additional, Anand, H., additional, Anastassiou, G., additional, Andrèbe, Y., additional, Angioni, C., additional, Apruzzese, G., additional, Ariola, M., additional, Arnichand, H., additional, Arter, W., additional, Baciero, A., additional, Barnes, M., additional, Barrera, L., additional, Behn, R., additional, Bencze, A., additional, Bernardo, J., additional, Bernert, M., additional, Bettini, P., additional, Bilková, P., additional, Bin, W., additional, Birkenmeier, G., additional, Bizarro, J.P.S., additional, Blanchard, P., additional, Blanken, T., additional, Bluteau, M., additional, Bobkov, V., additional, Bogar, O., additional, Böhm, P., additional, Bolzonella, T., additional, Boncagni, L., additional, Botrugno, A., additional, Bottereau, C., additional, Bouquey, F., additional, Bourdelle, C., additional, Brémond, S., additional, Brezinsek, S., additional, Brida, D., additional, Brochard, F., additional, Buchanan, J., additional, Bufferand, H., additional, Buratti, P., additional, Cahyna, P., additional, Calabrò, G., additional, Camenen, Y., additional, Caniello, R., additional, Cannas, B., additional, Canton, A., additional, Cardinali, A., additional, Carnevale, D., additional, Carr, M., additional, Carralero, D., additional, Carvalho, P., additional, Casali, L., additional, Castaldo, C., additional, Castejón, F., additional, Castro, R., additional, Causa, F., additional, Cavazzana, R., additional, Cavedon, M., additional, Cecconello, M., additional, Ceccuzzi, S., additional, Cesario, R., additional, Challis, C.D., additional, Chapman, I.T., additional, Chapman, S., additional, Chernyshova, M., additional, Choi, D., additional, Cianfarani, C., additional, Ciraolo, G., additional, Citrin, J., additional, Clairet, F., additional, Classen, I., additional, Coelho, R., additional, Coenen, J.W., additional, Colas, L., additional, Conway, G., additional, Corre, Y., additional, Costea, S., additional, Crisanti, F., additional, Cruz, N., additional, Cseh, G., additional, Czarnecka, A., additional, D’Arcangelo, O., additional, De Angeli, M., additional, De Masi, G., additional, De Temmerman, G., additional, De Tommasi, G., additional, Decker, J., additional, Delogu, R.S., additional, Dendy, R., additional, Denner, P., additional, Di Troia, C., additional, Dimitrova, M., additional, D’Inca, R., additional, Dorić, V., additional, Douai, D., additional, Drenik, A., additional, Dudson, B., additional, Dunai, D., additional, Dunne, M., additional, Duval, B.P., additional, Easy, L., additional, Elmore, S., additional, Erdös, B., additional, Esposito, B., additional, Fable, E., additional, Faitsch, M., additional, Fanni, A., additional, Fedorczak, N., additional, Felici, F., additional, Ferreira, J., additional, Février, O., additional, Ficker, O., additional, Fietz, S., additional, Figini, L., additional, Figueiredo, A., additional, Fil, A., additional, Fishpool, G., additional, Fitzgerald, M., additional, Fontana, M., additional, Ford, O., additional, Frassinetti, L., additional, Fridström, R., additional, Frigione, D., additional, Fuchert, G., additional, Fuchs, C., additional, Furno Palumbo, M., additional, Futatani, S., additional, Gabellieri, L., additional, Gałązka, K., additional, Galdon-Quiroga, J., additional, Galeani, S., additional, Gallart, D., additional, Gallo, A., additional, Galperti, C., additional, Gao, Y., additional, Garavaglia, S., additional, Garcia, J., additional, Garcia-Carrasco, A., additional, Garcia-Lopez, J., additional, Garcia-Munoz, M., additional, Gardarein, J.-L., additional, Garzotti, L., additional, Gaspar, J., additional, Gauthier, E., additional, Geelen, P., additional, Geiger, B., additional, Ghendrih, P., additional, Ghezzi, F., additional, Giacomelli, L., additional, Giannone, L., additional, Giovannozzi, E., additional, Giroud, C., additional, Gleason González, C., additional, Gobbin, M., additional, Goodman, T.P., additional, Gorini, G., additional, Gospodarczyk, M., additional, Granucci, G., additional, Gruber, M., additional, Gude, A., additional, Guimarais, L., additional, Guirlet, R., additional, Gunn, J., additional, Hacek, P., additional, Hacquin, S., additional, Hall, S., additional, Ham, C., additional, Happel, T., additional, Harrison, J., additional, Harting, D., additional, Hauer, V., additional, Havlickova, E., additional, Hellsten, T., additional, Helou, W., additional, Henderson, S., additional, Hennequin, P., additional, Heyn, M., additional, Hnat, B., additional, Hölzl, M., additional, Hogeweij, D., additional, Honoré, C., additional, Hopf, C., additional, Horáček, J., additional, Hornung, G., additional, Horváth, L., additional, Huang, Z., additional, Huber, A., additional, Igitkhanov, J., additional, Igochine, V., additional, Imrisek, M., additional, Innocente, P., additional, Ionita-Schrittwieser, C., additional, Isliker, H., additional, Ivanova-Stanik, I., additional, Jacobsen, A.S., additional, Jacquet, P., additional, Jakubowski, M., additional, Jardin, A., additional, Jaulmes, F., additional, Jenko, F., additional, Jensen, T., additional, Jeppe Miki Busk, O., additional, Jessen, M., additional, Joffrin, E., additional, Jones, O., additional, Jonsson, T., additional, Kallenbach, A., additional, Kallinikos, N., additional, Kálvin, S., additional, Kappatou, A., additional, Karhunen, J., additional, Karpushov, A., additional, Kasilov, S., additional, Kasprowicz, G., additional, Kendl, A., additional, Kernbichler, W., additional, Kim, D., additional, Kirk, A., additional, Kjer, S., additional, Klimek, I., additional, Kocsis, G., additional, Kogut, D., additional, Komm, M., additional, Korsholm, S.B., additional, Koslowski, H.R., additional, Koubiti, M., additional, Kovacic, J., additional, Kovarik, K., additional, Krawczyk, N., additional, Krbec, J., additional, Krieger, K., additional, Krivska, A., additional, Kube, R., additional, Kudlacek, O., additional, Kurki-Suonio, T., additional, Labit, B., additional, Laggner, F.M., additional, Laguardia, L., additional, Lahtinen, A., additional, Lalousis, P., additional, Lang, P., additional, Lauber, P., additional, Lazányi, N., additional, Lazaros, A., additional, Le, H.B., additional, Lebschy, A., additional, Leddy, J., additional, Lefévre, L., additional, Lehnen, M., additional, Leipold, F., additional, Lessig, A., additional, Leyland, M., additional, Li, L., additional, Liang, Y., additional, Lipschultz, B., additional, Liu, Y.Q., additional, Loarer, T., additional, Loarte, A., additional, Loewenhoff, T., additional, Lomanowski, B., additional, Loschiavo, V.P., additional, Lunt, T., additional, Lupelli, I., additional, Lux, H., additional, Lyssoivan, A., additional, Madsen, J., additional, Maget, P., additional, Maggi, C., additional, Maggiora, R., additional, Magnussen, M.L., additional, Mailloux, J., additional, Maljaars, B., additional, Malygin, A., additional, Mantica, P., additional, Mantsinen, M., additional, Maraschek, M., additional, Marchand, B., additional, Marconato, N., additional, Marini, C., additional, Marinucci, M., additional, Markovic, T., additional, Marocco, D., additional, Marrelli, L., additional, Martin, Y., additional, Martin Solis, J.R., additional, Martitsch, A., additional, Mastrostefano, S., additional, Mattei, M., additional, Matthews, G., additional, Mavridis, M., additional, Mayoral, M.-L., additional, Mazon, D., additional, McCarthy, P., additional, McAdams, R., additional, McArdle, G., additional, McClements, K., additional, McDermott, R., additional, McMillan, B., additional, Meisl, G., additional, Merle, A., additional, Meyer, O., additional, Milanesio, D., additional, Militello, F., additional, Miron, I.G., additional, Mitosinkova, K., additional, Mlynar, J., additional, Mlynek, A., additional, Molina, D., additional, Molina, P., additional, Monakhov, I., additional, Morales, J., additional, Moreau, D., additional, Morel, P., additional, Moret, J.-M., additional, Moro, A., additional, Moulton, D., additional, Müller, H.W., additional, Nabais, F., additional, Nardon, E., additional, Naulin, V., additional, Nemes-Czopf, A., additional, Nespoli, F., additional, Neu, R., additional, Nielsen, A.H., additional, Nielsen, S.K., additional, Nikolaeva, V., additional, Nimb, S., additional, Nocente, M., additional, Nouailletas, R., additional, Nowak, S., additional, Oberkofler, M., additional, Oberparleiter, M., additional, Ochoukov, R., additional, Odstrčil, T., additional, Olsen, J., additional, Omotani, J., additional, O’Mullane, M.G., additional, Orain, F., additional, Osterman, N., additional, Paccagnella, R., additional, Pamela, S., additional, Pangione, L., additional, Panjan, M., additional, Papp, G., additional, Papřok, R., additional, Parail, V., additional, Parra, F.I., additional, Pau, A., additional, Pautasso, G., additional, Pehkonen, S.-P., additional, Pereira, A., additional, Perelli Cippo, E., additional, Pericoli Ridolfini, V., additional, Peterka, M., additional, Petersson, P., additional, Petrzilka, V., additional, Piovesan, P., additional, Piron, C., additional, Pironti, A., additional, Pisano, F., additional, Pisokas, T., additional, Pitts, R., additional, Ploumistakis, I., additional, Plyusnin, V., additional, Pokol, G., additional, Poljak, D., additional, Pölöskei, P., additional, Popovic, Z., additional, Pór, G., additional, Porte, L., additional, Potzel, S., additional, Predebon, I., additional, Preynas, M., additional, Primc, G., additional, Pucella, G., additional, Puiatti, M.E., additional, Pütterich, T., additional, Rack, M., additional, Ramogida, G., additional, Rapson, C., additional, Rasmussen, J.Juul, additional, Rasmussen, J., additional, Rattá, G.A., additional, Ratynskaia, S., additional, Ravera, G., additional, Réfy, D., additional, Reich, M., additional, Reimerdes, H., additional, Reimold, F., additional, Reinke, M., additional, Reiser, D., additional, Resnik, M., additional, Reux, C., additional, Ripamonti, D., additional, Rittich, D., additional, Riva, G., additional, Rodriguez-Ramos, M., additional, Rohde, V., additional, Rosato, J., additional, Ryter, F., additional, Saarelma, S., additional, Sabot, R., additional, Saint-Laurent, F., additional, Salewski, M., additional, Salmi, A., additional, Samaddar, D., additional, Sanchis-Sanchez, L., additional, Santos, J., additional, Sauter, O., additional, Scannell, R., additional, Scheffer, M., additional, Schneider, M., additional, Schneider, B., additional, Schneider, P., additional, Schneller, M., additional, Schrittwieser, R., additional, Schubert, M., additional, Schweinzer, J., additional, Seidl, J., additional, Sertoli, M., additional, Šesnić, S., additional, Shabbir, A., additional, Shalpegin, A., additional, Shanahan, B., additional, Sharapov, S., additional, Sheikh, U., additional, Sias, G., additional, Sieglin, B., additional, Silva, C., additional, Silva, A., additional, Silva Fuglister, M., additional, Simpson, J., additional, Snicker, A., additional, Sommariva, C., additional, Sozzi, C., additional, Spagnolo, S., additional, Spizzo, G., additional, Spolaore, M., additional, Stange, T., additional, Stejner Pedersen, M., additional, Stepanov, I., additional, Stober, J., additional, Strand, P., additional, Šušnjara, A., additional, Suttrop, W., additional, Szepesi, T., additional, Tál, B., additional, Tala, T., additional, Tamain, P., additional, Tardini, G., additional, Tardocchi, M., additional, Teplukhina, A., additional, Terranova, D., additional, Testa, D., additional, Theiler, C., additional, Thornton, A., additional, Tolias, P., additional, Tophøj, L., additional, Treutterer, W., additional, Trevisan, G.L., additional, Tripsky, M., additional, Tsironis, C., additional, Tsui, C., additional, Tudisco, O., additional, Uccello, A., additional, Urban, J., additional, Valisa, M., additional, Vallejos, P., additional, Valovic, M., additional, Van den Brand, H., additional, Vanovac, B., additional, Varoutis, S., additional, Vartanian, S., additional, Vega, J., additional, Verdoolaege, G., additional, Verhaegh, K., additional, Vermare, L., additional, Vianello, N., additional, Vicente, J., additional, Viezzer, E., additional, Vignitchouk, L., additional, Vijvers, W.A.J., additional, Villone, F., additional, Viola, B., additional, Vlahos, L., additional, Voitsekhovitch, I., additional, Vondráček, P., additional, Vu, N.M.T., additional, Wagner, D., additional, Walkden, N., additional, Wang, N., additional, Wauters, T., additional, Weiland, M., additional, Weinzettl, V., additional, Westerhof, E., additional, Wiesenberger, M., additional, Willensdorfer, M., additional, Wischmeier, M., additional, Wodniak, I., additional, Wolfrum, E., additional, Yadykin, D., additional, Zagórski, R., additional, Zammuto, I., additional, Zanca, P., additional, Zaplotnik, R., additional, Zestanakis, P., additional, Zhang, W., additional, Zoletnik, S., additional, and Zuin, M., additional

Published
2017
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26. Overview of the TCV tokamak program: scientific progress and facility upgrades

Author

Coda, S., primary, Ahn, J., additional, Albanese, R., additional, Alberti, S., additional, Alessi, E., additional, Allan, S., additional, Anand, H., additional, Anastassiou, G., additional, Andrèbe, Y., additional, Angioni, C., additional, Ariola, M., additional, Bernert, M., additional, Beurskens, M., additional, Bin, W., additional, Blanchard, P., additional, Blanken, T.C., additional, Boedo, J.A., additional, Bolzonella, T., additional, Bouquey, F., additional, Braunmüller, F.H., additional, Bufferand, H., additional, Buratti, P., additional, Calabró, G., additional, Camenen, Y., additional, Carnevale, D., additional, Carpanese, F., additional, Causa, F., additional, Cesario, R., additional, Chapman, I.T., additional, Chellai, O., additional, Choi, D., additional, Cianfarani, C., additional, Ciraolo, G., additional, Citrin, J., additional, Costea, S., additional, Crisanti, F., additional, Cruz, N., additional, Czarnecka, A., additional, Decker, J., additional, De Masi, G., additional, De Tommasi, G., additional, Douai, D., additional, Dunne, M., additional, Duval, B.P., additional, Eich, T., additional, Elmore, S., additional, Esposito, B., additional, Faitsch, M., additional, Fasoli, A., additional, Fedorczak, N., additional, Felici, F., additional, Février, O., additional, Ficker, O., additional, Fietz, S., additional, Fontana, M., additional, Frassinetti, L., additional, Furno, I., additional, Galeani, S., additional, Gallo, A., additional, Galperti, C., additional, Garavaglia, S., additional, Garrido, I., additional, Geiger, B., additional, Giovannozzi, E., additional, Gobbin, M., additional, Goodman, T.P., additional, Gorini, G., additional, Gospodarczyk, M., additional, Granucci, G., additional, Graves, J.P., additional, Guirlet, R., additional, Hakola, A., additional, Ham, C., additional, Harrison, J., additional, Hawke, J., additional, Hennequin, P., additional, Hnat, B., additional, Hogeweij, D., additional, Hogge, J.-Ph., additional, Honoré, C., additional, Hopf, C., additional, Horáček, J., additional, Huang, Z., additional, Igochine, V., additional, Innocente, P., additional, Ionita Schrittwieser, C., additional, Isliker, H., additional, Jacquier, R., additional, Jardin, A., additional, Kamleitner, J., additional, Karpushov, A., additional, Keeling, D.L., additional, Kirneva, N., additional, Kong, M., additional, Koubiti, M., additional, Kovacic, J., additional, Krämer-Flecken, A., additional, Krawczyk, N., additional, Kudlacek, O., additional, Labit, B., additional, Lazzaro, E., additional, Le, H.B., additional, Lipschultz, B., additional, Llobet, X., additional, Lomanowski, B., additional, Loschiavo, V.P., additional, Lunt, T., additional, Maget, P., additional, Maljaars, E., additional, Malygin, A., additional, Maraschek, M., additional, Marini, C., additional, Martin, P., additional, Martin, Y., additional, Mastrostefano, S., additional, Maurizio, R., additional, Mavridis, M., additional, Mazon, D., additional, McAdams, R., additional, McDermott, R., additional, Merle, A., additional, Meyer, H., additional, Militello, F., additional, Miron, I.G., additional, Molina Cabrera, P.A., additional, Moret, J.-M., additional, Moro, A., additional, Moulton, D., additional, Naulin, V., additional, Nespoli, F., additional, Nielsen, A.H., additional, Nocente, M., additional, Nouailletas, R., additional, Nowak, S., additional, Odstrčil, T., additional, Papp, G., additional, Papřok, R., additional, Pau, A., additional, Pautasso, G., additional, Pericoli Ridolfini, V., additional, Piovesan, P., additional, Piron, C., additional, Pisokas, T., additional, Porte, L., additional, Preynas, M., additional, Ramogida, G., additional, Rapson, C., additional, Juul Rasmussen, J., additional, Reich, M., additional, Reimerdes, H., additional, Reux, C., additional, Ricci, P., additional, Rittich, D., additional, Riva, F., additional, Robinson, T., additional, Saarelma, S., additional, Saint-Laurent, F., additional, Sauter, O., additional, Scannell, R., additional, Schlatter, Ch., additional, Schneider, B., additional, Schneider, P., additional, Schrittwieser, R., additional, Sciortino, F., additional, Sertoli, M., additional, Sheikh, U., additional, Sieglin, B., additional, Silva, M., additional, Sinha, J., additional, Sozzi, C., additional, Spolaore, M., additional, Stange, T., additional, Stoltzfus-Dueck, T., additional, Tamain, P., additional, Teplukhina, A., additional, Testa, D., additional, Theiler, C., additional, Thornton, A., additional, Tophøj, L., additional, Tran, M.Q., additional, Tsironis, C., additional, Tsui, C., additional, Uccello, A., additional, Vartanian, S., additional, Verdoolaege, G., additional, Verhaegh, K., additional, Vermare, L., additional, Vianello, N., additional, Vijvers, W.A.J., additional, Vlahos, L., additional, Vu, N.M.T., additional, Walkden, N., additional, Wauters, T., additional, Weisen, H., additional, Wischmeier, M., additional, Zestanakis, P., additional, and Zuin, M., additional

Published
2017
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27. Results from recent detachment experiments in alternative divertor configurations on TCV

Author

Theiler, C., primary, Lipschultz, B., additional, Harrison, J., additional, Labit, B., additional, Reimerdes, H., additional, Tsui, C., additional, Vijvers, W.A.J., additional, Boedo, J. A., additional, Duval, B.P., additional, Elmore, S., additional, Innocente, P., additional, Kruezi, U., additional, Lunt, T., additional, Maurizio, R., additional, Nespoli, F., additional, Sheikh, U., additional, Thornton, A.J., additional, van Limpt, S.H.M., additional, Verhaegh, K., additional, and Vianello, N., additional

Published
2017
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28. Characterization of Tungsten Sputtering in the JET divertor

Author

van Rooij, G.J., Coenen, Jan Willem, Matthews, G.F., Maddison, G., Meigs, A., Neu, R., Pütterich, T., Sips, A.C.C., Stamp, M.F., Vijvers, W.A.J., De Vries, P., JET-EFDA, Contrib., Beurskens, M, Brezinsek, Sebastijan, Clever, Meike, Dux, R., Giroud, C., Groth, M., Krieger, K., and Marsen, S.

Published
2012

31. Transport of high fluxes of hydrogen plasma in a linear plasma generator

Author

Vijvers, W.A.J., Al, R.S., Lopes Cardozo, N.J., Goedheer, W.J., Groot, de, B., Kleyn, A.W., Meiden, van der, H.J., Peppel, van de, R.J.E., Schram, D.C., Shumack, A.E., Westerhout, J., Rooij, van, G.J., Schmidt, J., Simek, M., Pekarek, S., Prukner, V., Science and Technology of Nuclear Fusion, and Plasma & Materials Processing

Abstract

A study was made to quantify the losses during the convective hydrogen plasma transport in the linear plasma generator Pilot-PSI due to volume recombination. A transport efficiency of 35% was achieved at neutral background pressures below ~7 Pa in a magnetic field of 1.2 T. This efficiency decreased to essentially zero at higher pressures. At 1.6 T, the measured downstream plasma density was up to double the upstream density. Apparently plasma pumping and recycling at the target start to play a role under these increased confinement conditions. Feeding the plasma column at this field strength with a net current did not change the downstream density. This indicates that recycling sets the local plasma conditions.

Published
2007

32. Rotation of a strongly magnetized hydrogen plasma column determined from an asymmetric Balmer-beta spectral line with two radiating distributions

Author

Shumack, A.E., Veremiyenko, V.P., Schram, D.C., Blank, de, H.J., Goedheer, W.J., Meiden, van der, H.J., Vijvers, W.A.J., Westerhout, J., Lopes Cardozo, N.J., Rooij, van, G.J., Shumack, A.E., Veremiyenko, V.P., Schram, D.C., Blank, de, H.J., Goedheer, W.J., Meiden, van der, H.J., Vijvers, W.A.J., Westerhout, J., Lopes Cardozo, N.J., and Rooij, van, G.J.

Abstract

A potential buildup in front of a magnetized cascaded arc hydrogen plasma source is explored via .vector.E * .vector.B rotation and plate potential measurements. Plasma rotation approaches thermal speeds with max. velocities of 10 km/s. The diagnostic for plasma rotation is optical emission spectroscopy on the Balmer-beta line. Asym. spectra are obsd. A detailed consideration is given on the interpretation of such spectra with a two distribution model. This consideration includes radial dependence of emission detd. by Abel inversion of the lateral intensity profile. Spectrum anal. is performed considering Doppler shift, Doppler broadening, Stark broadening, and Stark splitting. [on SciFinder (R)]

Published
2008

33. Optimization of the output and efficiency of a high power cascaded arc hydrogen plasma source

Author

Vijvers, W.A.J., van Gils, Koen, Goedheer, W.J., Meiden, van der, H.J., Schram, D.C., Veremiyenko, V.P., Westerhout, J., Lopes Cardozo, N.J., Rooij, van, G.J., Vijvers, W.A.J., van Gils, Koen, Goedheer, W.J., Meiden, van der, H.J., Schram, D.C., Veremiyenko, V.P., Westerhout, J., Lopes Cardozo, N.J., and Rooij, van, G.J.

Abstract

The operation of a cascaded arc hydrogen plasma source was experimentally investigated to provide an empirical basis for the scaling of this source to higher plasma fluxes and efficiencies. The flux and efficiency were determined as a function of the input power, discharge channel diameter, and hydrogen gas flow rate. Measurements of the pressure in the arc channel show that the flow is well described by Poiseuille flow and that the effective heavy particle temperature is approximately 0.8 eV. Interpretation of the measured I-V data in terms of a one-parameter model shows that the plasma production is proportional to the input power, to the square root of the hydrogen flow rate, and is independent of the channel diameter. The observed scaling shows that the dominant power loss mechanism inside the arc channel is one that scales with the effective volume of the plasma in the discharge channel. Measurements on the plasma output with Thomson scattering confirm the linear dependence of the plasma production on the input power. Extrapolation of these results shows that (without a magnetic field) an improvement in the plasma production by a factor of 10 over where it was in van Rooij et al. [Appl. Phys. Lett. 90(2007), 121501] should be possible.

Published
2008

34. High sensitivity imaging Thomson scattering for low temperature plasma

Author

Meiden, van der, H.J., Al, R.S., Barth, C.J., Donné, A.J.H., Engeln, R.A.H., Goedheer, W.J., Groot, de, B., Kleyn, A.W., Koppers, W.R., Lopes Cardozo, N.J., Pol, van de, M.J., Prins, P.R., Schram, D.C., Shumack, A.E., Smeets, P.H.M., Vijvers, W.A.J., Westerhout, J., Wright, G.M., Rooij, van, G.J., Meiden, van der, H.J., Al, R.S., Barth, C.J., Donné, A.J.H., Engeln, R.A.H., Goedheer, W.J., Groot, de, B., Kleyn, A.W., Koppers, W.R., Lopes Cardozo, N.J., Pol, van de, M.J., Prins, P.R., Schram, D.C., Shumack, A.E., Smeets, P.H.M., Vijvers, W.A.J., Westerhout, J., Wright, G.M., and Rooij, van, G.J.

Abstract

A highly sensitive imaging Thomson scattering system was developed for low temperature (0.1–10 eV) plasma applications at the Pilot-PSI linear plasma generator. The essential parts of the diagnostic are a neodymium doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser operating at the second harmonic (532 nm), a laser beam line with a unique stray light suppression system and a detection branch consisting of a Littrow spectrometer equipped with an efficient detector based on a "Generation III" image intensifier combined with an intensified charged coupled device camera. The system is capable of measuring electron density and temperature profiles of a plasma column of 30 mm in diameter with a spatial resolution of 0.6 mm and an observational error of 3% in the electron density (ne) and 6% in the electron temperature (Te) at ne=4×1019 m-3. This is achievable at an accumulated laser input energy of 11 J (from 30 laser pulses at 10 Hz repetition frequency). The stray light contribution is below 9×1017 m-3 in electron density equivalents by the application of a unique stray light suppression system. The amount of laser energy that is required for a ne and Te measurement is 7×1020/ne J, which means that single shot measurements are possible for ne>2×1021 m-3.

Published
2008

35. High performance plasma source development to simulate iter divertor conditions

Author

Vijvers, W.A.J., primary, Goedheer, W.J., additional, de Groot, B., additional, Koppers, W.R., additional, Kleyn, A.W., additional, Cardozo, N.J. Lopes, additional, van der Meiden, H.J., additional, van de Pol, M.J., additional, van Rooij, G.J., additional, Schram, D.C., additional, Shumack, A.E., additional, Westerhout, J., additional, Wright, G.M., additional, and Rapp, J., additional

Published
2009
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36. Multiple discharge channels in a cascaded arc to produce extreme hydrogen plasma beams

Author

Vijvers, W.A.J., primary, Al, R.S., additional, van den Berg, M.A., additional, van Eck, H.J.N., additional, Goedheer, W.J., additional, de Groot, B., additional, Kleyn, A.W., additional, Koppers, W.R., additional, Kruijt, O.G., additional, Lopes Cardozo, N.J., additional, van der Meiden, H.J., additional, van de Pol, M.J., additional, Prins, P.R., additional, Rapp, J., additional, Schram, D.C., additional, Shumack, A.E., additional, Smeets, P.H.M., additional, Westerhout, J., additional, Wright, G.M., additional, and van Rooij, G.J., additional

Published
2008
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37. Power exhaust in the snowflake divertor for L- and H-mode TCV tokamak plasmas.

Author

Vijvers, W.A.J., Canal, G.P., Labit, B., Reimerdes, H., Tal, B., Coda, S., Temmerman, G.C. De, Duval, B.P., Morgan, T.W., Zielinski, J.J., and Team, the TCV

Subjects
*NUCLEAR energy, *SNOWFLAKES, *PLASMA gases, *AXIAL loads, *TOKAMAKS, *NUCLEAR science
Abstract

The snowflake (SF) divertor is a plasma configuration that may enable tokamak operation at high performance and lower peak heat loads on the plasma-facing components than a standard single-null divertor. This paper reports on the results of experiments performed on the TCV tokamak in both the low- and high-confinement regimes, wherein the divertor configuration was continuously varied between a standard single-null and a ‘SF-plus’, which features auxiliary strike points (SPs) in the private flux region of the primary separatrix. The measured edge properties show that, in L-mode, the fraction of the exhaust power reaching the additional SPs is small. During edge-localized modes, up to ∼20% of the exhausted energy is redistributed to the additional SPs even at an x-point separation of 0.6 times the plasma minor radius, thereby reducing the peak heat flux to the inner primary SP by a factor of 2–3. The observed behaviour is qualitatively consistent with a proposed model for enhanced cross-field transport through the SF's relatively large region of low poloidal field by instability-driven convection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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38. Spectroscopic investigations of divertor detachment in TCV

Author

Verhaegh, K., Lipschultz, B., Duval, B.P., Harrison, J.R., Reimerdes, H., Theiler, C., Labit, B., Maurizio, R., Marini, C., Nespoli, F., Sheikh, U., Tsui, C.K., Vianello, N., Vijvers, W.A.J., and TCV Team & EUROfusion MST1 Team

Subjects
volumetric recombination, divertor detachment, plasma spectroscopy
Abstract

The aim of this work is to provide an understanding of detachment at TCV with emphasis on analysis of the Balmer line emission. A new Divertor Spectroscopy System has been developed for this purpose. Further development of Balmer line analysis techniques has allowed detailed information to be extracted from the three-body recombination contribution to the n = 7 Balmer line intensity. During density ramps, the plasma at the target detaches as inferred from a drop in ion current to the target. At the same time the Balmer 6 → 2 and 7 → 2 line emission near the target is dominated by recombination. As the core density increases further, the density and recombination rate are rising all along the outer leg to the x-point while remaining highest at the target. Even at the highest core densities accessed (Greenwald fraction 0.7) the peaks in recombination and density may have moved not more than a few cm poloidally away from the target which is different to other, higher density tokamaks, where both the peak in recombination and density continue to move towards the x-point as the core density is increased. The inferred magnitude of recombination is small compared to the target ion current at the time detachment (particle flux drop) starts at the target. However, recombination may be having more localized effects (to a flux tube) which we cannot discern at this time. Later, at the highest densities achieved, the total recombination does reach levels similar to the particle flux.

39. Advanced divertor research on the TCV tokamak

Author

Vijvers, W.A.J., Canal, G.P., Duval, B.P., Labit, Benoît, Lipschultz, B., Lunt, T., Nespoli, F., Reimerdes, Holger, Sheikh, Umar, Theiler, Christian Gabriel, Tsui, C., Verhaegh, Kevin, and TCV Team

40. SOL TRANSPORT AND DETACHMENT IN ALTERNATIVE DIVERTOR CONFIGURATIONS IN TCV L- AND H-MODE PLASMAS

Author

Theiler, C., Harrison, J., Février, O, De Oliveira, H., Bernert, M., Boedo, J.A., Duval, B.P., Fedorczak, N., Fil, A., Galassi, D., Gallo, A., Innocente, P., Labit, B., Linehan, B., Lipschultz, B., Maurizio, R., Mumgaard, B., Perek, A., Reimerdes, H., Sheikh, U., Thornton, A.J., Tsui, C.K., Verhaegh, K., Vianello, N., Vijvers, W.A.J., Wensing, M., Wüthrich, C., TCV Team, and MST1 Team

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