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1. Mobile Health for Perinatal Depression and Anxiety: Scoping Review

Author

Hussain-Shamsy, Neesha, Shah, Amika, Vigod, Simone N, Zaheer, Juveria, and Seto, Emily

Subjects
Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

BackgroundThe perinatal period is a vulnerable time during which depression and anxiety commonly occur. If left untreated or undertreated, there may be significant adverse effects; therefore, access to rapid, effective treatment is essential. Treatments for mild-to-moderate symptoms according to a stepped-care approach involve psychoeducation, peer support, and psychological therapy, all of which have been shown to be efficaciously delivered through digital means. Women experience significant barriers to care because of system- and individual-level factors, such as cost, accessibility, and availability of childcare. The use of mobile phones is widespread in this population, and the delivery of mental health services via mobile phones has been suggested as a means of reducing barriers. ObjectiveThis study aimed to understand the extent, range, and nature of mobile health (mHealth) tools for prevention, screening, and treatment of perinatal depression and anxiety in order to identify gaps and inform opportunities for future work. MethodsUsing a scoping review framework, 4 databases were searched for terms related to mobile phones, perinatal period, and either depression or anxiety. A total of 477 unique records were retrieved, 81 of which were reviewed by full text. Peer-reviewed publications were included if they described the population as women pregnant or up to 1 year postpartum and a tool explicitly delivered via a mobile phone for preventing, screening, or treating depression or anxiety. Studies published in 2007 or earlier, not in English, or as case reports were excluded. ResultsA total of 26 publications describing 22 unique studies were included (77% published after 2017). mHealth apps were slightly more common than texting-based interventions (12/22, 54% vs 10/22, 45%). Most tools were for either depression (12/22, 54%) or anxiety and depression (9/22, 41%); 1 tool was for anxiety only (1/22, 4%). Interventions starting in pregnancy and continuing into the postpartum period were rare (2/22, 9%). Tools were for prevention (10/22, 45%), screening (6/22, 27%), and treatment (6/22, 27%). Interventions delivered included psychoeducation (16/22, 73%), peer support (4/22, 18%), and psychological therapy (4/22, 18%). Cost was measured in 14% (3/22) studies. ConclusionsFuture work in this growing area should incorporate active psychological treatment, address continuity of care across the perinatal period, and consider clinical sustainability to realize the potential of mHealth.

Published
2020
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3. Mental health sequelae in survivors of cardiogenic shock complicating myocardial infarction. A population-based cohort study

Author

Fernando, Shannon M., Qureshi, Danial, Talarico, Robert, Vigod, Simone N., McIsaac, Daniel I., Sterling, Lee H., van Diepen, Sean, Price, Susanna, Di Santo, Pietro, Kyeremanteng, Kwadwo, Fan, Eddy, Needham, Dale M., Brodie, Daniel, Bienvenu, Oscar Joseph, Combes, Alain, Slutsky, Arthur S., Scales, Damon C., Herridge, Margaret S., Thiele, Holger, Hibbert, Benjamin, Tanuseputro, Peter, and Mathew, Rebecca

Published
2024
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5. Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder, Peripartum (Perinatal) Depression, and Perimenopausal Depression

Author

Cox, Elizabeth, Barker, Lucy C., Vigod, Simone N., Meltzer-Brody, Samantha, Ng, Chee H., Section editor, Lecic-Tosevski, Dusica, Section editor, Alfonso, César A., Section editor, Salloum, Ihsan M., Section editor, Tasman, Allan, editor, Riba, Michelle B., editor, Alarcón, Renato D., editor, Alfonso, César A., editor, Kanba, Shigenobu, editor, Lecic-Tosevski, Dusica, editor, Ndetei, David M., editor, Ng, Chee H., editor, and Schulze, Thomas G., editor

Published
2024
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6. Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence

Author

Vigod, Simone N., Stewart, Donna E., Fiorillo, Andrea, Section editor, Okasha, Tarek, Section editor, Kastrup, Marianne, Section editor, Drescher, Jack, Section editor, Tasman, Allan, editor, Riba, Michelle B., editor, Alarcón, Renato D., editor, Alfonso, César A., editor, Kanba, Shigenobu, editor, Lecic-Tosevski, Dusica, editor, Ndetei, David M., editor, Ng, Chee H., editor, and Schulze, Thomas G., editor

Published
2024
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8. Comparison of Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and Hospital Anxiety and Depression – Depression subscale scores by administration mode: An individual participant data differential item functioning meta-analysis

Author

Azar, Marleine, Bhandari, Parash Mani, Chiovitti, Matthew J., He, Chen, Imran, Mahrukh, Krishnan, Ankur, Negeri, Zelalem, Neupane, Dipika, Riehm, Kira E., Yan, Xin Wei, Kloda, Lorie A., Henry, Melissa, Ismail, Zahinoor, Loiselle, Carmen G., Mitchell, Nicholas D., Al-Adawi, Samir, Alvarado, Rubén, Amtmann, Dagmar, Arroll, Bruce, Ayalon, Liat, Baradaran, Hamid R., Barnes, Jacqueline, Beck, Kevin R., Beck, Cheryl Tatano, Bernstein, Charles N., Bindt, Carola, Bombardier, Charles H., Boye, Birgitte, Büel-Drabe, Natalie, Buji, Ryna Imma, Bunevicius, Adomas, Butterworth, Peter, Can, Ceyhun, Carter, Gregory, Chagas, Marcos H., Chan, Juliana C.N., Chan, Lai Fong, Chen, Chih-Ken, Chibanda, Dixon, Chorwe-Sungani, Genesis, Clover, Kerrie, Conroy, Ronán M., Conway, Aaron, Conwell, Yeates, Correa, Humberto, Couto, Thiago Castro e, Cukor, Daniel, Daray, Federico M., de Man-van Ginkel, Janneke M., De Souza, Jennifer, Downing, Marina G., Eapen, Valsamma, Fann, Jesse R., Favez, Nicolas, Felice, Ethel, Fellmeth, Gracia, Ferentinos, Panagiotis P., Fernandes, Michelle, Field, Sally, Figueiredo, Barbara, Fischer, Felix H., Fisher, Jane R.W., Flint, Alastair J., Fujimori, Maiko, Fung, Daniel S.S., Gallagher, Pamela, Gandy, Milena, Gelaye, Bizu, Gholizadeh, Leila, Gibson, Lorna J., Goodyear-Smith, Felicity, Grassi, Luigi, Green, Eric P., Greeno, Catherine G., Hall, Brian J., Hantsoo, Liisa, Haroz, Emily E., Härter, Martin, Hegerl, Ulrich, Helle, Nadine, Hernando, Asuncion, Hides, Leanne, Hobfoll, Stevan E., Honikman, Simone, Howard, Louise M., Hyphantis, Thomas, Iglesias-González, Maria, Inagaki, Masatoshi, Jenewein, Josef, Jeon, Hong Jin, Jetté, Nathalie, Julião, Miguel, Kettunen, Pirjo A., Khamseh, Mohammad E., Kiely, Kim M., Kim, Sung-Wan, Kjærgaard, Marie, Kohlhoff, Jane, Kohrt, Brandon A., König, Hans-Helmut, Kozinszky, Zoltán, Kwan, Yunxin, Lamers, Femke, Lara, María Asunción, Leonardou, Angeliki A., Levin-Aspenson, Holly F., Liu, Shen-Ing, Löbner, Margrit, Loosman, Wim L., Lotrakul, Manote, Loureiro, Sonia R., Love, Anthony W., Löwe, Bernd, Luitel, Nagendra P., Lund, Crick, Maes, Michael, Malt, Ulrik F., Marrie, Ruth Ann, Marsh, Laura, Martínez, Pablo, Marx, Brian P., Matsuoka, Yutaka, McGuire, Anthony, Mehnert, Anja, Michopoulos, Ioannis, Sidik, Sherina Mohd, Müller-Nordhorn, Jacqueline, Muramatsu, Kumiko, Radoš, Sandra Nakić, Navarrete, Laura, Nelson, Christian J., Ng, Chong Guan, Nishi, Daisuke, O'Donnell, Meaghan L., O'Rourke, Suzanne J., Osório, Flávia L., Pabst, Alexander, Pasco, Julie A., Pawlby, Susan J., Peceliuniene, Jurate, Pence, Brian W., Persoons, Philippe, Petersen, Inge, Picardi, Angelo, Ponsford, Jennie L., Pugh, Stephanie L., Pulido, Federico, Quinn, Terence J., Quispel, Chantal, Rathod, Sujit D., Reme, Silje E., Reuter, Katrin, Riedel-Heller, Steffi G., Rooney, Alasdair G., Santos, Iná S., Saracino, Rebecca M., Schellekens, Melanie P.J., Schwarzbold, Marcelo L., Cankorur, Vesile Senturk, Shaaban, Juwita, Sharp, Deborah J., Sharpe, Louise, Shinn, Eileen H., Sidebottom, Abbey, Simard, Sébastien, Singer, Susanne, Skalkidou, Alkistis, Smith-Nielsen, Johanne, Spangenberg, Lena, Stafford, Lesley, Stein, Alan, Stewart, Robert C., Strobel, Natalie A., Su, Kuan-Pin, Sultan, Serge, Sundström-Poromaa, Inger, Sung, Sharon C., Suzuki, Keiko, Tadinac, Meri, Tan, Pei Lin Lynnette, Tandon, S. Darius, Taylor-Rowan, Martin, Teixeira, Antonio L., Tendais, Iva, Tiringer, Istvan, Töreki, Annamária, Tran, Thach D., Trevillion, Kylee, Tschorn, Mira, Turner, Alyna, Væver, Mette S., van der Feltz-Cornelis, Christina M., van Heyningen, Thandi, Vega-Dienstmaier, Johann M., Wagner, Michael, Wagner, Lynne I., Wang, Liang-Jen, Wang, Jian Li, Watson, David, Weyerer, Siegfried B., White, Jennifer, Whooley, Mary A., Wiese, Birgitt, Williams, Lana J., Winkley, Kirsty, Wynter, Karen, Yamada, Mitsuhiko, Yonkers, Kimberly A., Zeng, Qing Zhi, Zhang, Yuying, Harel, Daphna, Wu, Yin, Levis, Brooke, Fan, Suiqiong, Sun, Ying, Xu, Mingyao, Rice, Danielle B., Boruff, Jill, Markham, Sarah, Ioannidis, John P.A., Takwoingi, Yemisi, Patten, Scott B., Ziegelstein, Roy C., Cuijpers, Pim, Gilbody, Simon, Vigod, Simone, Akena, Dickens, Benedetti, Andrea, and Thombs, Brett D.

Published
2024
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9. Individual patient data meta-analysis estimates the minimal detectable change of the Geriatric Depression Scale-15

Author

Krishnan, Ankur, He, Chen, Santo, Tiffany Dal, Neupane, Dipika, Brehaut, Eliana, Bhandari, Parash M., Qiu, Xia, Li, Letong, Imran, Mahrukh, Nassar, Elsa-Lynn, Adams, Kathryn Betts, Allgaier, Antje-Kathrin, Baillon, Sarah F., Caramelli, Paulo, Castro-Costa, Erico, Chagas, Marcos H.N., Cullum, Sarah, Dias, Filipi L.C., Isik, Ahmet Turan, Jetté, Nathalie, Katz, Patricia, Kim, Wonhyoung, König, Hans-Helmut, Lima-Costa, Maria Fernanda, Löbner, Margrit, Malakouti, Seyed Kazem, Marsh, Laura, Moon, Heehyul E., Mougias, Antonis A., Nelson, Christian J., Pabst, Alexander, Quinn, Terence J., Riedel-Heller, Steffi G., Saracino, Rebecca, Scherer, Martin, Volz, Matthias, Wagner, Michael, Weyerer, Siegfried B., González-Domínguez, Nadia P., Wu, Yin, Fan, Suiqiong, Levis, Brooke, Sun, Ying, Gilbody, Simon, Ioannidis, John P.A., Harel, Daphna, Vigod, Simone N., Markham, Sarah, Ziegelstein, Roy C., Cuijpers, Pim, Patten, Scott B., Boruff, Jill T., Thombs, Brett D., and Benedetti, Andrea

Published
2024
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14. Protocol for an economic evaluation of scalable strategies to improve mental health among perinatal women: non-specialist care delivered via telemedicine vs. specialist care delivered in-person

Author

Singla, Daisy R., de Oliveira, Claire, Murphy, Sean M., Patel, Vikram, Charlebois, Jaime, Davis, Wendy N., Dennis, Cindy-Lee, Kim, J. Jo, Kurdyak, Paul, Lawson, Andrea, Meltzer-Brody, Samantha, Mulsant, Benoit H., Schoueri-Mychasiw, Nour, Silver, Richard K., Tschritter, Dana, Vigod, Simone N., and Byford, Sarah

Published
2023
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16. Self-harm among youth during the first 28 months of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario, Canada: a population-based study

Author

Mitchell, Rachel H.B., Toulany, Alene, Chung, Hannah, Cohen, Eyal, Fu, Longdi, Strauss, Rachel, Vigod, Simone N., Stukel, Therese A., Moran, Kimberly, Guttmann, Astrid, Kurdyak, Paul, Artani, Azmina, Kopec, Monica, and Saunders, Natasha R.

Subjects
Mental health -- Analysis -- Research, Teenagers -- Research -- Analysis, Youth -- Research -- Analysis, Psychiatric services -- Analysis -- Research, Social networks -- Analysis -- Research, Health
Abstract

Background: Youth have reported worsening mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. We sought to evaluate rates of pediatric acute care visits for self-harm during the pandemic according to age, sex and mental health service use. Methods: We conducted a population-based, repeated cross-sectional study using linked health administrative data sets to measure monthly rates of emergency department visits and hospital admissions for self-harm among youth aged 10-17 years between Jan. 1, 2017, and June 30, 2022, in Ontario, Canada. We modelled expected rates of acute care visits for self-harm after the pandemic onset based on prepandemic rates. We reported relative differences between observed and expected monthly rates overall and by age group (10-13 yr and 14-17 yr), sex and mental health service use (new and continuing). Results: In this population of about 1.3 million children and adolescents, rates of acute care visits for self-harm during the pandemic were higher than expected for emergency department visits (0.27/1000 population v. 0.21/1000 population; adjusted rate ratio [RR] 1.29, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.19-1.39) and hospital admissions (0.74/10 000 population v. 0.43/10 000 population, adjusted RR 1.72, 95% CI 1.46-2.03). This increase was primarily observed among females. Rates of emergency department visits and hospital admissions for self-harm were higher than expected for both those aged 10-13 years and those aged 14-17 years, as well as for both those new to the mental health system and those already engaged in care. Interpretation: Rates of acute care visits for self-harm among children and adolescents were higher than expected during the first 2 and a half years of the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly among females. These findings support the need for accessible and intensive prevention efforts and mental health supports in this population., Self-harm among children and adolescents is a serious public health concern. A growing body of evidence, including from systematic reviews, suggests that during the COVID-19 pandemic, youth have reported higher [...]

Published
2023
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26. Morbidity and mortality of newborns born to immigrant and nonimmigrant females residing in low-income neighbourhoods

Author

Jairam, Jennifer A., Vigod, Simone N., Siddiqi, Arjumand, Guan, Jun, Boblitz, Alexa, Wang, Xuesong, O'Campo, Patricia, and Ray, Joel G.

Subjects
Infants -- Patient outcomes, Poor children -- Statistics -- Health aspects, Children of immigrants -- Statistics -- Health aspects, Poor women -- Statistics -- Health aspects, Morbidity -- Risk factors, Infants (Newborn) -- Statistics -- Health aspects, Pediatric research, Health
Abstract

Background: Living in low-income neighbourhoods and being an immigrant are each independently associated with adverse neonatal outcomes, but it is unknown if disparities exist in the neonatal period for children of immigrant and nonimmigrant females living in low-income areas. We sought to compare the risk of severe neonatal morbidity and mortality (SNMM) between newborns of immigrant and nonimmigrant mothers who resided in low-income neighbourhoods. Methods: This population-based cohort study used administrative data for females residing in low-income urban neighbourhoods in Ontario, who had an in-hospital, singleton live birth at 20-42 weeks' gestation, from 2002 to 2019. We defined immigrant status as nonrefugee immigrant or nonimmigrant, further detailed by country of birth and duration of residence in Ontario. The primary outcome was a SNMM composite (with 16 diagnoses, including neonatal death and 7 neonatal procedures as indicators), arising within 0-27 days after birth. We estimated relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using modified Poisson regression with generalized estimating equations. Results: Our cohort included 148 050 and 266 191 live births among immigrant and nonimmigrant mothers, respectively. Compared with newborns of nonimmigrant females, SNMM was less frequent among newborns of immigrant females (49.7 v. 65.6 per 1000 live births), with an adjusted RR of 0.76 (95% CI 0.74 to 0.79). The most frequent SNMM indicator was receipt of ventilatory support. Relative to neonates of nonimmigrant females, the risk of SNMM was highest among those of immigrants from Jamaica (adjusted RR 1.14, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.23) and Ghana (adjusted RR 1.20, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.38), and lowest among those of immigrants from China (adjusted RR 0.44, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.48). Among immigrants, the risk of SNMM declined with shorter duration of residence before the index birth. Interpretation: Within low-income urban areas, newborns of immigrant females had an overall lower risk of SNMM than those of nonimmigrant females, with considerable variation by maternal birthplace and duration of residence. Initiatives should focus on improving preconception health and perinatal care within subgroups of females residing in low-income neighbourhoods., Neonatal morbidity and mortality are important public health indicators used to monitor and evaluate neonatal health and quality of perinatal care. (1,2) The neonatal period, ranging from birth to 27 [...]

Published
2023
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27. Risk of interpersonal violence during and after pregnancy among people with schizophrenia: a population-based cohort study

Author

Leslie, Kelly, Barker, Lucy C., Brown, Hilary K., Chen, Simon, Dennis, Cindy-Lee, Ray, Joel G., Saunders, Natasha, Taylor, Clare, and Vigod, Simone

Subjects
Schizophrenia -- Statistics, Pregnant women -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

Background: Schizophrenia is associated with increased risk of experiencing interpersonal violence. Little is known about risk specifically around the time of pregnancy. Methods: This population-based cohort study included all individuals (aged 15-49 yr) listed as female on their health cards who had a singleton birth in Ontario, Canada, between 2004 and 2018. We compared those with and without schizophrenia on their risk of an emergency department (ED) visit for interpersonal violence in pregnancy or within 1 year postpartum. We adjusted relative risks (RRs) for demographics, prepregnancy history of substance use disorder and history of interpersonal violence. In a subcohort analysis, we used linked clinical registry data to evaluate interpersonal violence screening and self-reported interpersonal violence during pregnancy. Results: We included 1 802 645 pregnant people, 4470 of whom had a diagnosis of schizophrenia. Overall, 137 (3.1%) of those with schizophrenia had a perinatal ED visit for interpersonal violence, compared with 7598 (0.4%) of those without schizophrenia, for an RR of 6.88 (95% confidence interval [CI] 5.66-8.37) and an adjusted RR of 3.44 (95% CI 2.86-4.15). Results were similar when calculated separately for the pregnancy (adjusted RR 3.47, 95% CI 2.68-4.51) period and the first year postpartum (adjusted RR 3.45, 95% CI 2.75-4.33). Pregnant people with schizophrenia were equally likely to be screened for interpersonal violence (74.3% v. 73.8%; adjusted RR 0.99, 95% CI 0.95-1.04), but more likely to self-report it (10.2% v. 2.4%; adjusted RR 3.38, 95% CI 2.61-4.38), compared with those without schizophrenia. Among patients who did not self-report interpersonal violence, schizophrenia was associated with an increased risk for a perinatal ED visit for interpersonal violence (4.0% v. 0.4%; adjusted RR 6.28, 95% CI 3.94-10.00). Interpretation: Pregnancy and postpartum are periods of higher risk for interpersonal violence among people with schizophrenia compared with those without schizophrenia. Pregnancy is a key period for implementing violence prevention strategies in this population., Interpersonal violence is defined as the intentional use of force or power against others, including physical, sexual and psychological abuse perpetrated by strangers, acquaintances, family members or intimate partners. (1-5) [...]

Published
2023
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33. Health Characteristics of Reproductive-Aged Autistic Women in Ontario: A Population-Based, Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Tint, Ami, Brown, Hilary K., Chen, Simon, Lai, Meng-Chuan, Tarasoff, Lesley A., Vigod, Simone N., Parish, Susan, Havercamp, Susan M., and Lunsky, Yona

Abstract

While an increasing number of girls and women are being identified with autism, we know little about the health of reproductive-aged autistic women. Our objectives were to (1) describe health characteristics of reproductive-aged autistic women who could potentially become pregnant and (2) compare these characteristics with those of non-autistic women. We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study using 2017-2018 administrative health data from Ontario, Canada. A total of 6,870 fifteen- to 44-year-old autistic women were identified and compared with 2,686,160 non-autistic women. Variables of interest included social determinants of health (neighborhood income, residential instability, material deprivation, rurality), health (co-occurring medical and psychiatric conditions, use of potentially teratogenic medications, history of assault), and health care factors (continuity of primary care). Overall, reproductive-aged autistic women had poorer health compared with non-autistic women, including increased rates of material deprivation, chronic medical conditions, psychiatric conditions, use of potentially teratogenic medications, and history of assault. These findings highlight the need for health interventions tailored to the needs of reproductive-aged autistic women.

Published
2021
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42. Incidence and relative risk of delirium after major surgery for patients with pre‐operative depression: a systematic review and meta‐analysis.

Author

Diep, Calvin, Patel, Krisha, Petricca, Jessica, Daza, Julian F., Lee, Sandra, Xue, Yuanxin, Kremic, Luka, Xiao, Maggie Z. X., Pivetta, Bianca, Vigod, Simone N., Wijeysundera, Duminda N., and Ladha, Karim S.

Subjects
POSTOPERATIVE period, SURGICAL instruments, MENTAL depression, DELIRIUM, MEDICAL personnel
Abstract

Summary: Background: Delirium is a common and potentially serious complication after major surgery. A previous history of depression is a known risk factor for experiencing delirium in patients admitted to the hospital, but the generalised risk has not been estimated in surgical patients. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis of studies reporting the incidence or relative risk (or relative odds) of delirium in the immediate postoperative period for adults with pre‐operative depression. We included studies that defined depression as either a formal pre‐existing diagnosis or having clinically important depressive symptoms measured using a patient‐reported instrument before surgery. Multilevel random effects meta‐analyses were used to estimate the pooled incidences and pooled relative risks. We also conducted subgroup analyses by various study‐level characteristics to identify important moderators of pooled estimates. Results: Forty‐two studies (n = 4,664,051) from five continents were included. The pooled incidence of postoperative delirium for patients with pre‐operative depression was 29% (95%CI 17–43%, I2 = 99.0%), compared with 15% (95%CI 6–28%, I2 = 99.8%) in patients without pre‐operative depression and 21% (95% CI 11–33%, I2 = 99.8%) in the cohorts overall. For patients with pre‐operative depression, the risk of delirium was 1.91 times greater (95%CI 1.68–2.17, I2 = 42.0%) compared with patients without pre‐operative depression. Conclusions: Patients with a previous diagnosis of depression or clinically important depressive symptoms before surgery have substantially greater risk of experiencing delirium after surgery. Clinicians and patients should be informed of these increased risks. Robust screening and other risk mitigation strategies for postoperative delirium are warranted, especially for patients with pre‐operative depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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43. The development and evaluation of a virtual, asynchronous, trauma-focused treatment program for adult survivors of childhood interpersonal trauma.

Author

Ross, Dana C., McCallum, Nancy, Truuvert, Annie K., Butt, Aysha, Behdinan, Tina, Rojas, David, Soklaridis, Sophie, and Vigod, Simone

Subjects
TREATMENT of emotional trauma, RESEARCH funding, FOCUS groups, EVALUATION of human services programs, MEDICAL care, INTERNET, THEMATIC analysis, SOUND recordings, TECHNOLOGY, MULTIMEDIA systems, INTERPERSONAL relations, ADVERSE childhood experiences, ADULTS
Abstract

Background: The long-term mental and physical health implications of childhood interpersonal trauma on adult survivors is immense, however, there is a lack of available trauma-focused treatment services that are widely accessible. This study, utilizing a user-centered design process, sought feedback on the initial design and development of a novel, self-paced psychoeducation and skills-based treatment intervention for this population. Aims: To explore the views and perspectives of adult survivors of childhood interpersonal trauma on the first two modules of an asynchronous trauma-focused treatment program. Methods: Fourteen participants from our outpatient hospital service who completed the modules consented to provide feedback on their user experience. A thematic analysis of the three focus groups was conducted. Results: Four major themes emerged from the focus groups: (1) technology utilization, (2) module content, (3) asynchronous delivery, and (4) opportunity for interactivity. Participants noted the convenience of the platform and the use of multimedia content to increase engagement and did not find the modules to be emotionally overwhelming. Conclusions: Our research findings suggest that an asynchronous virtual intervention for childhood interpersonal trauma survivors may be a safe and acceptable way to provide a stabilization-focused intervention on a wider scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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44. Pregnancy complications and new-onset maternal autoimmune disease.

Author

Scime, Natalie V, Grandi, Sonia M, Ray, Joel G, Dennis, Cindy-Lee, Vera, Mary A De, Banack, Hailey R, Vigod, Simone N, Boblitz, Alexa, and Brown, Hilary K

Subjects
PREGNANCY complications, SMALL for gestational age, AUTOIMMUNE diseases, DIAGNOSIS, DISEASE incidence, PREMATURE labor
Abstract

Background Autoimmune diseases disproportionately impact women and female-specific aspects of reproduction are thought to play a role. We investigated the time-varying association between pregnancy complications and new-onset autoimmune disease in females during the reproductive and midlife years. Methods We conducted a population-based cohort study of 1 704 553 singleton births to 1 072 445 females in Ontario, Canada (2002–17) with no pre-existing autoimmune disease. Pregnancy complications were preeclampsia, stillbirth, spontaneous preterm birth and severe small for gestational age (SGA). Royston-Parmar models were used to estimate the time-varying association between pregnancy complications and a composite of 25 autoimmune diseases from date of delivery to date of autoimmune disease diagnosis or censoring at death, loss of health insurance, or 31 March 2021. Models were adjusted for baseline socio-demographics, parity and comorbidities. Results At 19 years (median = 10.9 years of follow-up), cumulative incidence of autoimmune disease was 3.1% in those with a pregnancy complication and 2.6% in those without complications. Adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) curves as a function of time since birth were generally L-shaped. Universally, risks were most elevated within the first 3 years after birth [at 1 year: preeclampsia AHR 1.22, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.09–1.36; stillbirth AHR 1.36, 95% CI 0.99–1.85; spontaneous preterm birth AHR 1.30, 95% CI 1.18–1.44; severe SGA AHR 1.14, 95% CI 0.99–1.31] and plateaued but remained elevated thereafter. Conclusions Prior history of pregnancy complications may be an important female-specific risk factor to consider during clinical assessment of females for possible autoimmune disease to facilitate timely detection and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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46. Prescription Medication Use in Pregnancy in People with Disabilities: A Population-Based Cohort Study.

Author

Camden, Andi, Grandi, Sonia M., Lunsky, Yona, Ray, Joel G., Sharpe, Isobel, Lu, Hong, Guttmann, Astrid, Tailor, Lauren, Vigod, Simone, De Vera, Mary A., and Brown, Hilary K.

Subjects
POISSON distribution, DRUG-induced abnormalities, WOMEN, RESEARCH funding, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, TERATOGENIC agents, POLYPHARMACY, LONGITUDINAL method, INTELLECTUAL disabilities, DEVELOPMENTAL disabilities, PHYSICIAN practice patterns, PRECONCEPTION care, DRUGS, DRUG prescribing, COMPARATIVE studies, CONFIDENCE intervals, COUNSELING, DRUG utilization, PEOPLE with disabilities, PREGNANCY
Abstract

Background: Individuals with disabilities may require specific medications in pregnancy. The prevalence and patterns of medication use, overall and for medications with known teratogenic risks, are largely unknown. Methods: This population-based cohort study in Ontario, Canada, 2004–2021, comprised all recognized pregnancies among individuals eligible for public drug plan coverage. Included were those with a physical (n = 44,136), sensory (n = 13,633), intellectual or developmental (n = 2,446) disability, or multiple disabilities (n = 5,064), compared with those without a disability (n = 299,944). Prescription medication use in pregnancy, overall and by type, was described. Modified Poisson regression generated relative risks (aRR) for the use of medications with known teratogenic risks and use of ≥2 and ≥5 medications concurrently in pregnancy, comparing those with versus without a disability, adjusting for sociodemographic and clinical factors. Results: Medication use in pregnancy was more common in people with intellectual or developmental (82.1%), multiple (80.4%), physical (73.9%), and sensory (71.9%) disabilities, than in those with no known disability (67.4%). Compared with those without a disability (5.7%), teratogenic medication use in pregnancy was especially higher in people with multiple disabilities (14.2%; aRR 2.03, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.88–2.20). Furthermore, compared with people without a disability (3.2%), the use of ≥5 medications concurrently was more common in those with multiple disabilities (13.4%; aRR 2.21, 95% CI: 2.02–2.41) and an intellectual or developmental disability (9.3%; aRR 2.13, 95% CI: 1.86–2.45). Interpretation: Among people with disabilities, medication use in pregnancy is prevalent, especially for potentially teratogenic medications and polypharmacy, highlighting the need for preconception counseling/monitoring to reduce medication-related harm in pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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47. Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) 2023 Update on Clinical Guidelines for Management of Major Depressive Disorder in Adults: Réseau canadien pour les traitements de l'humeur et de l'anxiété (CANMAT) 2023 : Mise à jour des lignes directrices cliniques pour la prise en charge du trouble dépressif majeur chez les adultes

Author

Lam, Raymond W., primary, Kennedy, Sidney H., additional, Adams, Camelia, additional, Bahji, Anees, additional, Beaulieu, Serge, additional, Bhat, Venkat, additional, Blier, Pierre, additional, Blumberger, Daniel M., additional, Brietzke, Elisa, additional, Chakrabarty, Trisha, additional, Do, André, additional, Frey, Benicio N., additional, Giacobbe, Peter, additional, Gratzer, David, additional, Grigoriadis, Sophie, additional, Habert, Jeffrey, additional, Ishrat Husain, M., additional, Ismail, Zahinoor, additional, McGirr, Alexander, additional, McIntyre, Roger S., additional, Michalak, Erin E., additional, Müller, Daniel J., additional, Parikh, Sagar V., additional, Quilty, Lena S., additional, Ravindran, Arun V., additional, Ravindran, Nisha, additional, Renaud, Johanne, additional, Rosenblat, Joshua D., additional, Samaan, Zainab, additional, Saraf, Gayatri, additional, Schade, Kathryn, additional, Schaffer, Ayal, additional, Sinyor, Mark, additional, Soares, Claudio N., additional, Swainson, Jennifer, additional, Taylor, Valerie H., additional, Tourjman, Smadar V., additional, Uher, Rudolf, additional, van Ameringen, Michael, additional, Vazquez, Gustavo, additional, Vigod, Simone, additional, Voineskos, Daphne, additional, Yatham, Lakshmi N., additional, and Milev, Roumen V., additional

Published
2024
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49. Data-driven methods distort optimal cutoffs and accuracy estimates of depression screening tools: a simulation study using individual participant data

Author

Sun, Ying, He, Chen, Rice, Danielle B., Krishnan, Ankur, Wu, Yin, Azar, Marleine, Sanchez, Tatiana A., Chiovitti, Matthew J., Saadat, Nazanin, Riehm, Kira E., Imran, Mahrukh, Negeri, Zelalem, Boruff, Jill T., Cuijpers, Pim, Gilbody, Simon, Ioannidis, John P.A., Kloda, Lorie A., Ziegelstein, Roy C., Comeau, Liane, Mitchell, Nicholas D., Tonelli, Marcello, Vigod, Simone N., Aceti, Franca, Alvarado, Rubén, Alvarado-Esquivel, Cosme, Bakare, Muideen O., Barnes, Jacqueline, Bavle, Amar D., Beck, Cheryl Tatano, Bindt, Carola, Boyce, Philip M., Bunevicius, Adomas, Castro e Couto, Tiago, Chaudron, Linda H., Correa, Humberto, de Figueiredo, Felipe Pinheiro, Eapen, Valsamma, Favez, Nicolas, Felice, Ethel, Fernandes, Michelle, Figueiredo, Barbara, Fisher, Jane R.W., Garcia-Esteve, Lluïsa, Giardinelli, Lisa, Helle, Nadine, Howard, Louise M., Khalifa, Dina Sami, Kohlhoff, Jane, Kozinszky, Zoltán, Kusminskas, Laima, Lelli, Lorenzo, Leonardou, Angeliki A., Maes, Michael, Meuti, Valentina, Radoš, Sandra Nakić, García, Purificación Navarro, Nishi, Daisuke, Luwa E-Andjafono, Daniel Okitundu, Pawlby, Susan J., Quispel, Chantal, Robertson-Blackmore, Emma, Rochat, Tamsen J., Rowe, Heather J., Sharp, Deborah J., Siu, Bonnie W.M., Skalkidou, Alkistis, Stein, Alan, Stewart, Robert C., Su, Kuan-Pin, Sundström-Poromaa, Inger, Tadinac, Meri, Tandon, S. Darius, Tendais, Iva, Thiagayson, Pavaani, Töreki, Annamária, Torres-Giménez, Anna, Tran, Thach D., Trevillion, Kylee, Turner, Katherine, Vega-Dienstmaier, Johann M., Wynter, Karen, Yonkers, Kimberly A., Bhandari, Parash Mani, Levis, Brooke, Neupane, Dipika, Patten, Scott B., Shrier, Ian, Thombs, Brett D., and Benedetti, Andrea

Published
2021
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