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1. Pilot tone-guided focused navigation for free-breathing whole-liver fat-water and T2* quantification

Author

Mackowiak, Adèle LC, Roy, Christopher W, Falcão, Mariana BL, Bacher, Mario, Bustin, Aurélien, Yerly, Jérôme, Speier, Peter, Stuber, Matthias, Vietti-Violi, Naïk, and Bastiaansen, Jessica AM

Subjects
Physics - Medical Physics
Abstract

Purpose To achieve whole-liver motion-corrected fat fraction (FF) and R2* quantification with a 3-minute free-breathing (FB) 3D radial isotropic acquisition, for increased organ coverage, ease-of-use, and patient comfort. Methods A FB 3D radial multiecho gradient-echo liver acquisition with integrated Pilot Tone (PT) navigation and NTE=8 echoes was reconstructed with a motion-correction algorithm based on focused navigation and guided by PT signals (PT-fNAV), with and without a denoising step. Fat fraction (FF) and R2* quantification using a graph cut algorithm was performed on the motion-corrected whole-liver multiecho volumes. Volunteer experiments (n=10) at 1.5T included reference 3D and 2D Cartesian breath-hold (BH) acquisitions. Image sharpness was assessed to evaluate the quality of motion correction with PT-fNAV, compared to a motion-resolved reconstruction. Fat-water images and parametric maps were compared to BH reference acquisitions following Cartesian trajectories, and to a routinely used clinical software (MRQuantiF). Results The image sharpness provided by PT-fNAV (with and without denoising) was similar in end-expiratory motion-resolved reconstructions. The 3D radial FB FF maps compared well with reference BH 3D Cartesian maps (bias +0.7%, limits of agreement (LOA) [-2.5; 4.0]%) and with 2D quantification with MRQuantiF (-0.2%, LOA [-1.1; 0.6]%). While expected visual deviations between proposed FB and reference BH R2* maps were observed, no significant differences were found in quantitative analyses. Conclusion A 3D radial technique with retrospective motion correction by PT-fNAV enabled FF and R2* quantification of the whole-liver at 1.5T. The FB whole-liver acquisition at isotropic spatial resolution compared in accuracy with BH techniques, enabling 3D assessment of steatosis in individuals with limited respiratory capabilities., Comment: 26 pages, 5 figures, under review

Published
2023

2. RAS-ON inhibition overcomes clinical resistance to KRAS G12C-OFF covalent blockade

Author

Nokin, Marie-Julie, Mira, Alessia, Patrucco, Enrico, Ricciuti, Biagio, Cousin, Sophie, Soubeyran, Isabelle, San José, Sonia, Peirone, Serena, Caizzi, Livia, Vietti Michelina, Sandra, Bourdon, Aurelien, Wang, Xinan, Alvarez-Villanueva, Daniel, Martínez-Iniesta, María, Vidal, August, Rodrigues, Telmo, García-Macías, Carmen, Awad, Mark M., Nadal, Ernest, Villanueva, Alberto, Italiano, Antoine, Cereda, Matteo, Santamaría, David, and Ambrogio, Chiara

Published
2024
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11. The phospholipid transporter PITPNC1 links KRAS to MYC to prevent autophagy in lung and pancreatic cancer

Author

Entrialgo-Cadierno, Rodrigo, Cueto-Ureña, Cristina, Welch, Connor, Feliu, Iker, Macaya, Irati, Vera, Laura, Morales, Xabier, Michelina, Sandra Vietti, Scaparone, Pietro, Lopez, Ines, Darbo, Elodie, Erice, Oihane, Vallejo, Adrian, Moreno, Haritz, Goñi-Salaverri, Ainhoa, Lara-Astiaso, David, Halberg, Nils, Cortes-Dominguez, Ivan, Guruceaga, Elizabeth, Ambrogio, Chiara, Lecanda, Fernando, and Vicent, Silve

Published
2023
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13. Gadoxetate-enhanced Abbreviated MRI for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance: Preliminary Experience

Author

Brunsing, Ryan L, Chen, Dennis H, Schlein, Alexandra, Wolfson, Tanya, Gamst, Anthony, Mamidipalli, Adrija, Vietti Violi, Naik, Marks, Robert M, Taouli, Bachir, Loomba, Rohit, Kono, Yuko, and Sirlin, Claude B

Subjects
Liver Cancer, Cancer, Liver Disease, Biomedical Imaging, Digestive Diseases, Rare Diseases, Clinical Research, Hepatitis, Chronic Liver Disease and Cirrhosis, 4.2 Evaluation of markers and technologies, Detection, screening and diagnosis, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular, Contrast Media, Female, Gadolinium DTPA, Hepatitis B, Chronic, Humans, Image Enhancement, Liver Cirrhosis, Liver Neoplasms, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Preliminary Data, Reference Standards, Retrospective Studies, Sensitivity and Specificity
Abstract

PurposeTo describe a single-center preliminary experience with gadoxetate disodium-enhanced abbreviated MRI for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) screening and surveillance in patients with cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis B virus (cHBV).Materials and methodsThis was a retrospective study of consecutive patients aged 18 years and older with cirrhosis or cHBV who underwent at least one gadoxetate-enhanced abbreviated MRI examination for HCC surveillance from 2014 through 2016. Examinations were interpreted prospectively by one of six abdominal radiologists for clinical care. Clinical, imaging, and other data were extracted from electronic medical records. Diagnostic adequacy was assessed in all patients. Diagnostic accuracy was assessed in the subset of patients who could be classified as having HCC or not having HCC on the basis of a composite reference standard.ResultsIn this study, 330 patients (93% with cirrhosis; 45% women; mean age, 59 years) underwent gadoxetate-enhanced abbreviated MRI. In the 330 patients, 311 (94.2%) baseline gadoxetate-enhanced abbreviated MRI examinations were diagnostically adequate. Of 141 (43%) of the 330 patients, 91.4% (129 of 141) could be classified as not having HCC and 8.6% (12 of 141) could be classified as having HCC. Baseline gadoxetate-enhanced abbreviated MRI had 0.92 sensitivity (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.62, 1.00) and 0.91 specificity (95% CI: 0.84, 0.95) for detection of HCC. Of the 330 patients who underwent baseline gadoxetate-enhanced abbreviated MRI, 187 (57%) were lost to follow-up.ConclusionGadoxetate-enhanced abbreviated MRI is feasible clinically, has a high diagnostic adequacy rate, and, on the basis of our preliminary experience, accurately depicts HCC in high-risk patients. Strategies to enhance follow-up compliance are needed.© RSNA, 2019Keywords: Abdomen/GI, Cirrhosis, Liver, MR-Imaging, Oncology, ScreeningSupplemental material is available for this article.

Published
2019

16. Credibilità e fiducia nella comunicazione televisiva contemporanea: ruolo e retoriche dei talk show nel triennio 2020-2023

Author

Palano, D, Scavo, A, Gambacciani, P, Campi, A, Graziano, P, Almagisti, M, Giacobbe, F, Tondelli, J, Carelli, P, Scaglioni, M, Sfardini, A, Campati, A, Padoan, E, Citroni, G, Bottos, G, Vietti, P, Muzzi, C, Bruno, VA, Scopelliti, A, Zotti, A, Fontana, C, Coratella, T, Palano, Damiano, Carelli, Paolo, Scaglioni, Massimo, Sfardini, Anna, Carelli, Paolo (ORCID:0000-0002-2552-4295), Scaglioni, Massimo (ORCID:0000-0002-9735-1565), Sfardini, Anna (ORCID:0000-0001-9026-6758), Palano, D, Scavo, A, Gambacciani, P, Campi, A, Graziano, P, Almagisti, M, Giacobbe, F, Tondelli, J, Carelli, P, Scaglioni, M, Sfardini, A, Campati, A, Padoan, E, Citroni, G, Bottos, G, Vietti, P, Muzzi, C, Bruno, VA, Scopelliti, A, Zotti, A, Fontana, C, Coratella, T, Palano, Damiano, Carelli, Paolo, Scaglioni, Massimo, Sfardini, Anna, Carelli, Paolo (ORCID:0000-0002-2552-4295), Scaglioni, Massimo (ORCID:0000-0002-9735-1565), and Sfardini, Anna (ORCID:0000-0001-9026-6758)

Abstract

Il contributo affronta il tema della costruzione della credibilità e fiducia nell'ambito dell'informazione televisiva in Italia, con particolare riferimento al genere peculiare del talk show, osservandone le caratteristiche e le trasformazioni nel periodo 2020-2023, segnato dall'emergenza pandemica e dall'emersione di specifiche retoriche narrative.

Published
2024

21. Novel RAF‐directed approaches to overcome current clinical limits and block the RAS/RAF node.

Author

Scardaci, Rossella, Berlinska, Ewa, Scaparone, Pietro, Vietti Michelina, Sandra, Garbo, Edoardo, Novello, Silvia, Santamaria, David, and Ambrogio, Chiara

Abstract

Mutations in the RAS–RAF–MEK–ERK pathway are frequent alterations in cancer and RASopathies, and while RAS oncogene activation alone affects 19% of all patients and accounts for approximately 3.4 million new cases every year, less frequent alterations in the cascade's downstream effectors are also involved in cancer etiology. RAS proteins initiate the signaling cascade by promoting the dimerization of RAF kinases, which can act as oncoproteins as well: BRAFV600E is the most common oncogenic driver, mutated in the 8% of all malignancies. Research in this field led to the development of drugs that target the BRAFV600‐like mutations (Class I), which are now utilized in clinics, but cause paradoxical activation of the pathway and resistance development. Furthermore, they are ineffective against non‐BRAFV600E malignancies that dimerize and could be either RTK/RAS independent or dependent (Class II and III, respectively), which are still lacking an effective treatment. This review discusses the recent advances in anti‐RAF therapies, including paradox breakers, dimer‐inhibitors, immunotherapies, and other novel approaches, critically evaluating their efficacy in overcoming the therapeutic limitations, and their putative role in blocking the RAS pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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27. Factors controlling streambed coverage of Didymosphenia geminata in two regulated streams in the Colorado Front Range

Author

Miller, Matthew P., McKnight, Diane M., Cullis, James D., Greene, Alicia, Vietti, Kristin, and Liptzin, Daniel

Subjects
Life Sciences, Zoology, Ecology, Freshwater & Marine Ecology, Didymosphenia geminata, Streams, Dams, Periphyton, Regulated flow
Abstract

Didymosphenia geminata is a stalk-forming freshwater diatom which was historically found primarily in oligotrophic lakes and streams, but has recently become a nuisance species in many lotic systems worldwide. In the last 5–8 years, D. geminata has become established in Boulder Creek and South Boulder Creek, two regulated montane streams in the Front Range of the Colorado Rocky Mountains. Factors that may influence the growth of D. geminata were monitored during the summer of 2006. D. geminata abundance decreased in Boulder Creek after an unusual flood event caused by 3 days of sustained rainfall in the headwaters of the watershed. However, within a week, coverage had been restored to pre-flood levels. Variations in D. geminata abundance among sites were found to be negatively correlated with total dissolved phosphorus concentrations and bed movement, as measured by Shields stress. In contrast, D. geminata abundance was not significantly correlated with temperature, conductivity, pH, total suspended solids, or dissolved inorganic nitrogen. Our results suggest that bed movement may be a dominant scouring mechanism that acts to control the growth and distribution of D. geminata. The potential role of total dissolved phosphorus and bed movement in decreasing D. geminata coverage adds to the limited base of knowledge regarding controls on the growth and distribution of this species, and could be investigated by researchers studying D. geminata blooms in other stream ecosystems.

Published
2009

33. Managing the animation deformity in breast reconstruction transposing the implant to a partial prepectoral pocket: Early experience and preliminary results with a new technique.

Author

Pozzi, Marcello, Patanè, Luca, Redi, Ugo, Turriziani, Gianmarco, Vietti, Veronica, Zoccali, Giovanni, and De Vita, Roy

Abstract

Two-stage implant-based breast reconstruction remains the most commonly used technique for rebuilding a breast. Subpectoral implant placement minimizes complications, such as capsular contracture, implant visibility, malposition, and extrusion. Nevertheless, it is associated with high animation deformity (AD). Prepectoral reconstruction eliminates AD but is subject to a higher risk of implant extrusion and visibility. In this prospective, single-center study we present a new technique aimed to create a new hybrid pocket in which the upper portion of the implant is placed subcutaneously, whereas its inferior pole is still covered by a pectoralis muscle sling reducing implant lower pole visibility and palpability. In each case, the prosthesis was removed and a new hybrid pocket was created by splitting the muscle into two portions, separating its cranial part from the overlying subcutaneous tissue and anchoring it back to the chest wall. The caudal muscle sling was left adherent to the subcutaneous tissue of the central part of the breast. Patient outcomes were evaluated with a BREAST-Q questionnaire preoperatively and 1 year after surgery. Forty-eight patients with severe postoperative breast animation were enrolled (8 bilateral and 40 unilateral). No major complications occurred. After a 1-year follow-up, the aesthetic and functional satisfaction rate was high and a good implant coverage was achieved. No residual AD of the breast was observed. Changing the implant placement from the subpectoral to a partially subcutaneous plane, both severe AD and implant extrusion can be avoided, expanding the indications for safe prosthetic breast reconstruction. Level of evidence IV [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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35. Mid vowels at the crossroads between standard and regional Italian

Author

Vietti, Alessandro and Mereu, Daniela

Abstract

The variety of Italian spoken in Bolzano (South Tyrol) represents a singular case in Italy, because it is not the result of a long-term contact between standard and Italo-Romance dialects but rather the outcome of a process of levelling and koineization. In such sociolinguistic scenario, it is interesting to study phonological variability in Bolzano Italian with the aim of understanding which language varieties have possibly played a role as models from a sociolinguistic point of view. The purpose of our exploratory study is to characterize this variety within the spectrum of variation between the standard and the regional norm. In our analysis, we will focus on the set of mid vowels as a window to understand which variety of Italian BI most closely resembles. Through a corpus-based analysis, we will investigate the phonological distribution of mid vowels (for both Italian and Tyrolean speakers), in order to explore whether it can be explained on the basis of a contextual or a lexical distribution.

Published
2023
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44. Diversity and abundance of heterobranchs (Mollusca, Gastropoda) from the mesophotic and bathyal zone of the Mediterranean Sea

Author

Toma, M., Betti, F., Bavestrello, G., Cattaneo-Vietti, R., Canese, S., Cau, A., Andaloro, F., Greco, S., and Bo, M.

Abstract

AbstractThe occurrence, relative abundance and bathymetric distribution of the deep Mediterranean heterobranch fauna were evaluated as a result of an extensive visual census down to 1825 m depth, carried out along the western Italian coasts, covering a latitudinal range of about 600 nautical miles. Observations were conducted using Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROVs) in 551 sites, focusing on the deepest part of the continental shelf, the shelf edge and the upper bathyal zone. The analysis of over 508 hours of video footage and more than 27,000 high-resolution photographs allowed to explore about 594,000 m2of rocky outcrops and nearby soft seafloors in four main coastal areas (Ligurian Sea, north-central Tyrrhenian Sea, southern Tyrrhenian Sea, and Sicily Channel) and twelve offshore seamounts. Thirty-six species of heterobranchs, for a total of 559 records, were identified. Sixteen were only sporadically spotted (< 1% of the total observations), while three (Paraflabellina ischitana, Tritoniidae nd and Peltodoris atromaculata) contributed each for more than 10% of the records. An extension of the known Mediterranean bathymetric distribution was reported for 80% of the observed species, with many typically shallow-water taxa being also found in mesophotic environments (40–200 m). The observed marked decrease in diversity and abundance suggested that Mediterranean heterobranchs are mainly a coastal benthic group. From the geographical point of view, the heterobranch fauna present in the Ligurian Sea appeared significantly different from that observed in the Tyrrhenian Sea and the Sicily Channel, and this latitudinal pattern was discussed. Particular attention was given to single out the bathymetric distribution of the food sources of the most frequently observed species, supporting stenophagy as a limiting factor for their colonisation of the deep sea.

Published
2022
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