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Women are found out to be more risk averse than and less likely to choose to compete with men based on a study of husbands and wives in 500 couples in rural Vietnam. The adoption of new technologies or engaging in economic activities that might result in higher expected returns also tend to be avoided by women. Other implications of these findings on development initiatives are given.

A study to collect risk and time preferences of individuals experimentally is presented. The preferences are correlated with demographic and economic variables from the previous Vietnam household survey. The results indicated people living in poor villages are averse to loss of income but not necessarily afraid of income variation.

The differences in living standards among the ethnic groups in Vietnam are studied using data from the 1999 census and the Vietnam Living Standards Surveys. Members of the majority Kinh and the Hoa groups have higher living standards than the 52 other ethnic groups in Vietnam.

A study examining the structure of rape law in Vietnam and how rape is viewed and reacted to by people during different periods of Vietnamese history is illustrated. The gender perspectives with respect to rape-related legislature are also investigated.

This study examines attitudes concerning sexual relations outside marriage and levels of marital sexual activity using data from married individuals from Hai Duong Province collected in 2001. Among individuals who live in urban areas, have more schooling, and were married after the late 1980s, acceptance is growing concerning intimate behavior without marital commitment and having sex with a future spouse. Schooling, urban residence, and recent marriage have stronger associations with less conservative attitudes among men than among women. Even among younger and better-educated respondents, acceptance of premarital and extramarital sex generally remains below a majority. The reported level of premarital sex is higher among men than among women, and lower than available estimates from other parts of Asia and the developing world. The reported level of sexual activity within marriage in Hai Duong Province is similar to that observed elsewhere, including Thailand and the United States. The incidence of sexual activity declines with age, and at all ages men are more likely than women to report having sex with their spouse. The implications of these gender differences in sexual attitudes and behavior are considered., Since the early 1990s, concern has grown about increasing levels of premarital sex, unintended pregnancies, abortion, and sexually transmitted diseases among Asian young people. Within the context of northern Vietnam, [...]

Introduction The Vietnam Demographic and Health Survey 2002 (VNDHS) was conducted by the General Statistical Office, Hanoi, Vietnam, on behalf of the Committee for Population, Family, and Children, with technical [...]

Vietnamese census data were used to provide new estimates of mortality in the country for the period between 1979 and 1989 employing two techniques that rely on age-specific growth rates from two successive age distributions. Results showed the sensitivity of the two techniques to sources of error in the growth rates introduced by differential census enumerations and residual emigration. Life expectancy at birth estimated for the period was 61.4 years for males and 63.2 for females. This suggested a trend of declining mortality between the 1970s and the 1980s.

For about 30 years North Vietnam has had mortality and fertility rates near the world median, and a per capita income among the world's lowest. Figure 1 shows comparative data [...]

Results from the 1994 Vietnam Inter-censal Demographic Survey reveal substantial change over recent years in reproductive behavior and attitudes. Fertility has continued to decline to a level not far above a total fertility rate of three children per woman. Compared with the late 1980s, contraceptive knowledge has broadened and contraceptive prevalence has increased, reaching a level of 65 percent of currently married women of reproductive age. The dominance of the IUD among modern methods has been reduced somewhat. Stated family-size preferences have shifted noticeably downward. Recently married women indicate that they want only 2.3 children, on average, suggesting that fertility will continue to fall in coming years. These findings suggest that Vietnam is in the midst of a transition that will lead to low levels of fertility in the near future. (Studies in Family Planning 1996; 27,1: 1-17), North Vietnam was among the earliest countries in the developing world to adopt an official policy to reduce rapid population growth. As early as 1963, spurred by the results of [...]

Gender inequality remained prevalent in Vietnam after the 1975 reunification despite the communist government's promise of sexual emancipation. Evidence suggests that such inequalities were reflected in the lives of Vietnamese women through marital opportunities, employment, childbearing preferences, child survival and female representation among the elderly and impoverished. This inequality remained entrenched in Vietnamese society even after the Vietnamese government embraced free market principles in 1986. Among the factors which could have contributed to the rise of gender inequality in Vietnam during those years was the government's decision to sacrifice social equity for economic growth.

Vietnam formally introduced in late 1988 a comprehensive fertility policy encouraging parents to have no more than two children. Billboards that advertise the official family-size goal of 'one or two [...]