43 results on '"Vie, Ola Edvin"'
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2. Critical Incident Technique and Action Learning to Enable Organizational Learning
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Finnestrand, Hanne, Vie, Ola Edvin, and Boak, George
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This paper focuses on a two-year program with a Norwegian public sector project-based construction company, where action learning groups and critical incident technique were combined to enhance organizational learning. Project-based organizations typically face difficulties of 'project amnesia', as they fail to integrate learning from experience into organizational memory. In drawing lessons from experience, employees often focus on solving short-term problems with individual projects rather than contributing to medium- and longer-term organizational learning. The program that is the focus of this paper engaged newly-appointed engineers in action learning groups and trained them to use critical incident technique to gather and analyze information about recent projects undertaken by the company. The groups reported back their findings to colleagues in the program and to managers and senior executives in the company. Originally designed as an alternative to the traditional induction training for new employees, the program generated useful practical learning across the whole organization about project success factors. This paper explains how action learning and critical incident technique combined in this program to enhance individual, team and organizational learning, and argues that the synergies between these three processes should be explored in other contexts.
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- 2023
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3. 21. Dilemmaer knyttet til framtidens arbeidsliv
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Kongsvik, Trond, primary, Moen, Øystein, additional, Vie, Ola Edvin, additional, Jørgensen, Rikke Bramming, additional, and Albrechtsen, Eirik, additional
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- 2022
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4. 20. Utfordringer med kommunesammenslåinger som prosjekter
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Vie, Ola Edvin, primary and Farid, Parinaz, additional
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- 2022
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5. 12. Mer fjernarbeid i fremtidens arbeidsliv
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Vie, Ola Edvin, primary and Murray, Ryan W., additional
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- 2022
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6. Chapter 12 Boundary spanners enabling knowledge integration for sustainable innovations in university–industry research centres
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Lauvås, Thomas, primary and Vie, Ola Edvin, additional
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- 2021
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7. Nerder og partyløver?
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Vie, Ola Edvin, primary, Vie, Gunnhild Åberge, additional, and Fosen, Marte, additional
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- 2023
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8. Co-creating New Dancefloors Through a Parallel Organisation: Organisational development through union- management cooperation in the public sector
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Lebesby, Kristin, Finnestrand, Hanne Gudrun, and Vie, Ola Edvin
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Across industries, union density is under great pressure from different forms of organisations and, in many ways, a more individualised working life. Employee relations within the public sector have undergone a transition due to privatisation, decentralisation, and the adoption of quality management approaches. Employee relations in Nordic countries are strongly embedded in national regulations and agreements. However, research on workplace development within the public sector rarely includes discussions of the union role. The Nordic model perspective acknowledges that the different social parties share interests and visions, and it promotes a collective effort when workplace development is sought. This paper poses the question of how public organisations can change the “boxing and dancing” behaviour in union–management relationships through the establishment of a parallel organisation (PO). The PO serves as a different organisational mode when the operating organisation is unable to successfully deal with certain prevailing issues, where knowledge rather than authority should determine decisions. The findings show that the PO creates a “dancefloor”, less confined by bureaucratic barriers, where unions and managers co-create new relations. In addition, participants experience more enhancement of their roles, and their focus towards developing their workplace collectively is more prominent. Our findings contribute to the industrial relations literature by proposing POs as a tool for building relations between unions and managers in a public organisation. Our paper also contributes to the PO literature by proposing that the inclusion of unions in a PO can be crucial when attempting to transfer outcomes into the operating organisation.
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- 2023
9. Increasing Companies’ Absorptive Capacity through Participation in Collaborative Research Centres
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Vie, Ola Edvin, Stensli, Morten, and Lauvås, Thomas André
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- 2014
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10. The Need for Knowledge Integration in Renewable Energy Innovation Projects
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Vie, Ola Edvin
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- 2012
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11. Have post-bureaucratic changes occurred in managerial work?
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Vie, Ola Edvin
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- 2010
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12. Boundary spanners enabling knowledge integration for sustainable innovations in university–industry research centres
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Lauvås, Thomas Andre and Vie, Ola Edvin
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Samfunnsvitenskap: 200::Statsvitenskap og organisasjonsteori: 240::Offentlig og privat administrasjon: 242 [VDP] ,Samfunnsvitenskap: 200::Økonomi: 210 [VDP] - Abstract
This book chapter was originally published by De Gruyter in “Universities, entrepreneurial ecosystems, and sustainability” on 06/12/2021. Available online: https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9783110670219/html
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- 2021
13. R&D managers leading knowledge workers with care
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Vie, Ola Edvin, primary
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- 2012
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14. Refining shadowing methods for studying managerial work
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Arman, Rebecka, primary, Vie, Ola Edvin, additional, and Åsvoll, Håvard, additional
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- 2012
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15. Management in practice: Overview of classic studies on managerial work
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Tengblad, Stefan, primary and Vie, Ola Edvin, additional
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- 2012
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16. Evaluering av TK‐Utvikling - Et organisasjonsutviklingsprosjekt i Trafikant og Kjøretøy i Statens vegvesen Region øst
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Buvik, Marte Pettersen, Vie, Ola Edvin, Finnestrand, Hanne Gudrun, and Lebesby, Kristin
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Denne rapporten er utarbeidet av NTNU og SINTEF og presenterer evalueringen av prosjektet TK-utvikling; et omfattende virksomhetsutviklingsprosjekt for å utvikle medarbeiderskap og lederskap gjennom partssamarbeid og bred medvirkning i avdeling for Trafikant og Kjøretøy i Statens vegvesen Region øst. Prosjektet har vært organisert rundt fire hovedaktiviteter: 1) tverrfaglige grupper, 2) felles ledelsesutvikling for ledere og regionstillitsvalgte, 3) utvikling av ledermøtene, og 4) piloter med lokale utviklingsprosjekter ute i avdelingene, og. I tillegg har følgeforskning fra NTNU/SINTEF vært et læringselement gjennom hele prosjektet. Aksjonslæring med kollektiv refleksjon, aktiv utforskning og utvikling av egen praksis har vært den bærende læringsformen i prosjektet. Selv om det ikke er mulig å vise til store målbare endringer viser resultatene at det er positive effekter av prosjektet på flere områder. Det er skjedd flere endringer i organisasjonen som følge av utviklingsprosjektet og partssamarbeidet har fått et betydelig løft ved at tillitsvalgtsrollen har blitt styrket. Det er spesielt enhetene som har jobbet med lokale utviklingstiltak i piloter som har hatt størst effekt. NTNU/SINTEF vurderer prosjektet TK-utvikling som et vellykket organisasjonsutviklingstiltak hvor designet har bidratt til økt partssamarbeid, lederskap og medarbeiderskap i deler av organisasjonen, som igjen gir grunnlag for et betydelig løft for hele TK. Vi anbefaler at TK fortsetter med å holde fokus på utviklingsarbeid i det daglige, støttet opp av både strukturer, dialoger og arbeidspraksis utviklet gjennom prosjektet.
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- 2018
17. Evaluering av Læringsløpet i Statens vegvesen Region øst. En kompetansesatsing for nyansatte i Statens vegvesen Region øst
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Buvik, Marte Pettersen, Vie, Ola Edvin, Finnestrand, Hanne, and Skarholt, Kari
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- 2017
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18. Managerial work
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Tengblad, Stefan, Vie, Ola Edvin, Tengblad, Stefan, and Vie, Ola Edvin
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- 2015
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19. Shadowing managers engaged in care: Discovering the emotional nature of managerial work
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Vie, Ola Edvin and Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Fakultet for samfunnsvitenskap og teknologiledelse, Institutt for industriell økonomi og teknologiledelse
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Within the Managerial Work and Behaviour tradition, researchers have for nearly 60 years studied what managers do in their everyday work. However, these studies have to a little extent acknowledged the emotional nature of managerial work. In this thesis, I examine why and how managers engage in care towards their subordinates. Based on empirical data derived from shadowing four managers for a complete week each, supplemented with interview data from the manager and their co-workers, I show that managers accomplish care through mundane activities like listening and chatting. It is also evident that shadowing is a well-suited method for studying the emotional reactions from managers and others in organizations. The research question “Why do managers engage in care?” is explored at three different levels of analysis. On the individual level I find that managers engage in care by observing that it can immediately reduce tension in a relationship. On the interpersonal level I find that managerial care affects co-workers both directly and indirectly through social influence processes. On the institutional level I find that managers engage in care because of authority derived from their formal position. Together these three explanations integrate the phenomena managerial care across micro and macro levels of analysis. I argue that the managerial authority also includes certain duties, which is influenced by the legal framework and more importantly by the employees’ expectations. To manage other people, and especially having personnel responsibility, makes the manager more inclined to perform emotional labour. It is therefore important to recognize the positive aspects of care and also to observe the flip side of this coin. My study shows that managerial care can be experienced as burden for those that must engage in it. My findings should encourage managers, management educators, and scholars to acknowledge emotions in organizations and particular to recognize the emotional burdens of being a manager. It is time to acknowledge that managers are human beings with emotions, both positive and negative, and that an understanding of these is necessary to understand the total nature of managerial work. Innenfor forskningstradisjonen kjent som Lederarbeid og lederatferd, har forskere i mer enn 60 år studert hva leder gjør i sitt daglige arbeid. Disse studiene har i liten grad anerkjent lederarbeidets emosjonelle natur. I denne avhandlingen har jeg undersøkt hvorfor og hvordan ledere viser omsorg ovenfor medarbeidere. Basert på empiri fra å fotfølge fire leder for en hel uke hver, samt intervjudata fra lederne og deres medarbeidere, viser jeg at ledere utfører omsorg gjennom hverdagslige aktiviteter som lytting og å slå av en prat. Jeg viser også at fotfølging er en godt tilpasset forskningsmetode for å studere emosjonelle reaksjoner hos både ledere og andre i organisasjoner. Forskningsspørsmålet om hvorfor ledere viser omsorg blir diskutert på tre ulike analysenivåer. På det individuelle nivået finner jeg at ledere kan vise omsorg etter å ha observert at det umiddelbart kan redusere spenningsnivået i en relasjon. På det mellommenneskelige nivået finner jeg at lederomsorg påvirker andre både direkte og indirekte gjennom sosiale innflytelsesprosesser. På et institusjonelt nivå finner jeg at ledere viser omsorg på grunn av autoriteten de har gjennom sin formelle posisjon. Til sammen integrer disse forklaringene fenomenet lederomsorg på tvers av mikro- og makroanalysenivåer. Jeg argumenterer for at lederes autoritet fører med seg bestemte plikter. Disse pliktene påvirkes både av det juridiske rammeverket, og i enda større grad av medarbeidernes forventninger. Å lede andre mennesker, og spesielt personalansvar, krever at ledere må utføre emosjonelt arbeid. Det er derfor viktig og ikke bare anerkjenner de positive sidene ved å vise omsorg, men også synliggjøre medaljens bakside. Min studie viser at lederomsorg kan oppfattes som en byrde for de som må utøve det, og at omsorg er en viktig og integrert del av ledelse i organisasjoner. Mine funn bør oppmuntre ledere og forskere til å ikke bare anerkjenne følelser i organisasjoner, men også å anerkjenne byrdene av å være leder. Det er på tide å erkjenne at også ledere er mennesker med følelser, både positive og negative, og at en forståelse av disse er nødvendig for å forstå totaliteten av lederarbeidets natur.
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- 2009
20. Management in practice : Overview of classic studies on managerial work
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Tengblad, Stefan, Vie, Ola Edvin, Tengblad, Stefan, and Vie, Ola Edvin
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- 2012
21. In Search of Influence - Leading Knowledge Workers with Care
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Vie, Ola Edvin, primary
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- 2012
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22. Ledelse på norsk
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Vie, Ola Edvin, primary
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- 2012
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23. Book review: The Leaderful Fieldbook: Strategies and Activities for Developing Leadership in Everyone Joseph A. Raelin. Boston, MA: Davies-Black, 2010. xxvi + 157 pp. $ 23.00 (pbk). ISBN 9780891063803
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Lysø, Ingunn Hybertsen, primary and Vie, Ola Edvin, additional
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- 2010
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24. Managerial work
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Tengblad, Stefan, primary and Vie, Ola Edvin, additional
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25. Communication as a Factor Influencing Project Team Success in Delivery Projects
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Rindal, Erik Olav, Berge, Magnus Gjærum, and Vie, Ola Edvin
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Det er mange utfordringer når det kommer til å oppnå suksess, og gjennom denne avhandlingen søker vi å finne ut hvordan og hvorfor kommunikasjon påvirker suksess i prosjektteamet i leveranseprosjekter. Avhandlingen svarer på dette med data fra tolv informanter som jobber med leveranseprosjekter i caseselskapet. Gjennom intervjuene har vi fått et innblikk i preferanser, vaner, utfordringer til suksess i prosjekter, kommunikasjonen i teamene og effektene av å jobbe i et digitalt miljø. Funnene våre tyder på at det er en tett kobling mellom kommunikasjon og suksess i projsektteamet. Det å skille mellom prosjektsuksess og suksess i prosjektteamet kan hjelpe yrkesutøvende å forstå forskjellige måter å oppnå ønskede mål. Kommunikasjonsevner understøtter suksess i prosjektteamet gjennom å skape felles målsetninger, fordele oppgaver, skape engasjement, motivere team-medlemmer og skape sosiale relasjoner i prosjektteamet. For å få til dette må forskjellige kommunikasjonsmetoder benyttes i forskjellige situasjoner, fordi forskjellige kommunikasjonsmetoder er mer effektive enn andre avhengig av omstendighetene. Denne koblingen mellom kommunikasjonsmetoder og forskjellige situasjoner kommer fra formålet med kommunikasjonen i prosjektteamet, som hovedsaklig er å dele informasjon eller bygge sosiale relasjoner. Fokuset på suksesskriterier er ikke nytt, men prosjektarbeid blir stadig mer utbredt. 30% av verdensøkonomien er i dag prosjekt-basert og det fører til at fokuset på suksesskriterier og god prosjektledelse øker. Suksess i prosjekter har tradisjonelt blitt målt etter jerntriangelet - kostnad, tid og kvalitet. Prosjektledelse som profesjon har fokusert på verktøy for kunne håndtere disse suksesskriteriene. Mye av forskningen på emnet har også fokusert på å finne kritiske suksessfaktorer, siden andelen mislykkede prosjekter ikke ser ut til å reduseres. Nyere tid har økt fokuset på lederskapsferdigheter blant prosjektledere, og blant disse ferdighetene er kommunikasjonsevnen sentral. Fra dataen vår finner vi ut at prosjektledere og deres kommunikasjonsevne må ses i tett sammenheng med prosjektteamet, siden det er prosjektteamet som utfører prosjektene. Prosjektledere og prosjektteam jobber sammen for å nå mål og milepæler, og vi ser i dataen vår at kommunikasjon har en sentral rolle i denne prosessen. There are many challenges to success, and in this thesis we set out to answer how and why project team success is influenced by communication in a project team in delivery projects. The thesis answers the research question with data from twelve informants working on delivery projects for a case company. Through these informants we gain insights into preferences, habits, and challenges to success in projects, communication in teams, and the effect of working in a digital environment. Our findings suggests a close connection between communication and success in the project team. Project success and project team success is two different things and understanding this difference will aid professionals to accomplish success in projects. Communication skills is important for project team success through common goal-setting, delegate tasks, create engagement, motivate team members, and form social relations within the project team. To be able to do this, different communication methods must be used in different situations, as they differ in effectiveness depending on the context. The connection between communication type and communication context comes from the purpose of communication in a project team, which mainly is sharing information or forming interpersonal relations. 30% of the global economy is project-based and focus on project success and project management increases. Project success is traditionally measured through the Iron Triangle - cost, time, and quality. Project management as a profession has focused on tools for managing these success criteria, and research have been dedicated to find critical success factors for projects, as the failure rate is still not improving. Later years has seen an increased focus on leadership skills among project managers and soft skills such as communication. From our data it is clear that project managers and their communication skills must be seen in close relation to the project team, as the project team is the unit executing the project. Project managers and project team members work jointly to reach goals and objectives, and we found communication to be a central part of this process.
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- 2022
26. Understanding program managers leading value creation in change programs: Taking content, context, and competencies into account
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Farid, Parinaz, Vie, Ola Edvin, and Torvatn, Tim
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Social science: 200::Economics: 210 [VDP] - Abstract
Positioned within the project management field and literature, this thesis focuses on value creation process in organizational change programs by analyzing the perceptions and actions of program management actors, particularly, program managers. Organizational change programs are both of theoretical interest and practical importance. For the latter, organizations in different sectors and industries are increasingly urged to initiate and implement various transformational change processes, in order to survive and prosper. Thus, the organizational actors, specifically the managers are progressively encountered with the hurdle of realizing complex changes. For the former, choosing programs as temporary vehicles to provide a certain organizing and management framework to plan and realize such complex processes has created a significant, yet growing debate in the project management literature that elevates the issue of how change programs can be managed to create value. Communicating with this debate, taking an actor-centric view, this thesis attempts to answer how can program managers lead value creation in change programs? In order to answer the posed question, the thesis raises three issues and develops a theoretical framework concerning (1) the process of value creation, (2) the importance of organizational context for managing change programs, and (3) the understanding of the change program manager’s role and their way of handling their role when leading value creation processes. Further, it follows and draws on seven Norwegian municipality merger, change programs that were planned and implemented between 2016 and 2020 in Trøndelag county. The longitudinal data collection allowed for registering program managers’ experiences throughout different phases of programs, projecting a unique and rich pool of empirical data. The thesis is built upon three research papers, each highlighting and addressing a specific issue related to the value creation and management of change programs by program managers. Employing new theoretical approaches and grounded in program managers’ experiences, this thesis suggests novel theoretical insights to project management literature and presents related practical impacts. Digital fulltext is not available
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- 2022
27. Bedriften vår er en teknologibedrift!
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Kjønningsberg, Håvard André and Vie, Ola Edvin
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Studien er en singel casestudie av en norsk teknologibedrift. Formålet med studien, har vært å beskrive nødvendig kompetansesammensetting hos prosjektlederen av tekniske leveranseprosjekter, og hvordan denne påvirker utøvelsen av jobben som prosjektleder. Det etableres tidlig to grupper kompetanse, der teknisk kompetanse og kompetanse innenfor profesjonell ledelse står sentralt, og det avdekkes videre fordeler og ulemper med de to kompetansegruppene når empiriske data fra kvalitativ forskning analyseres. Funnene fra studien viser at det kan oppstå et vesentlig kompetansegap mellom prosjektledere med bakgrunn i profesjonell ledelse og tekniske eksperter i prosjektet. Det presenteres videre tiltak for å tette dette kompetansegapet i tilstrekkelig grad. Videre avdekkes det at involvering av tekniske eksperter i beslutningsprosesser kan være nyttig, og fungere som en god arena for læring mellom prosjektleder og tekniske eksperter. Samtidig vil dette bidra til å bygge tillitt og samhold mellom medlemmer i prosjektet, samt at kvaliteten på beslutningene øker når flere involveres. The study is a single case study of a Norwegian technology company. The purpose of the study has been to describe the necessary competence composition of the project manager of technical delivery projects, and how this affects the performance of the job as project manager. Two groups of competence are established at an early stage, where technical competence and competence within professional management are central, and further advantages and disadvantages of the two competence groups are revealed when empirical data from qualitative research are analyzed. The findings from the study show that there may be a significant competence gap between project managers with a background in professional management and technical experts in the project. Further measures are presented to close this competence gap to a sufficient degree. Furthermore, it is revealed that the involvement of technical experts in decision-making processes can be useful, and function as a good arena for learning between project manager and technical experts. At the same time, this will help to build trust and unity between members of the project and increase quality of the decisions when more people are involved.
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- 2022
28. Project Managers’ Career Development in the Contract Research Organization
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Huang, Bingyang and Vie, Ola Edvin
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ComputingMilieux_THECOMPUTINGPROFESSION - Abstract
A trend towards projectification of work has given rise to increasing attention in the implications of career development for project professionals in the contract research organization. To meet this trend, the purpose of this project is to understand how project managers experience their career development and how organization influence career development of project managers. My study adapts the social cognitive career theory (SCCT) framework as a lens to investigate the complex interplay between different factors from individual and organizational aspects that form the project managers’ career development. The thesis answers the following research questions: Overall RQ. How could project managers build their career through contract research projects in project-based organization (PBO)? RQ1. How do project managers experience their career development in contract research organization (CRO)? RQ2. How does contract research organization (CRO) influence the careers development of project managers? I conducted a case study in the technology institute of a contract research organization, using semi-structured interviews with 25 project managers to collect data to analyze my theoretical propositions. My revised new SCCT framework has practical implication for project practitioners to build and flourish their career, and emphasize the key factor in organizational influence which has significant impact on career development of their project managers. Project practitioners need to be proactive in managing their careers, while project-based organizations need to see the importance of developing specialization in career model for their project managers. Moreover, this thesis presents theoretical implication for the integration of career literature and project management literature and enriches the field of human resource management and project-based organization domain in the academy.
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- 2022
29. Enhancing collaborative project delivery in the Norwegian infrastructure industry Enabling a holistic perspective through Early contractor involvement, Collaboration and Technology
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Buijing, Irene Klary Annelies, Hellebust, Torstein, and Vie, Ola Edvin
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Infrastruktur industrien omsett årleg for fleirfaldige milliardar. På tross av dette vert den ofte kritisert for lav effektivitet og høge feilrater. Som eit svar på dette har det dei siste åra oppstått ei rekke nye prosjektgjennomføringssystem. I denne masteroppgåva undersøker vi utfordringane knytt til desse systema. Forskingsspørsmålet for oppgåva er: Korleis kan norske infrastruktur prosjekt løyse utfordingane knytt til prosjektgjennomføring i samspel (Collaborative Project Delivery). For å identifisere utfordringane knytt til prosjektgjennomføring i samspel, utførte vi ei litteraturstudie. Under arbeidet med denne oppdaga vi at litteraturen mangla ei god definisjon for dette konseptet, då fleirtalet av forfattarar adressearar enkelt system, som t.d. IPD, Alliancing, etc. For å mogleggjere diskusjonar på tvers av systema laga vi ein definisjon som omfattar fleire typar prosjektgjennomføring i samspel. Definisjonen er basert på ei samanlikning av dei ulike systema og lyder slik: prosjektgjennomføring i samspel er system som søkjer å effektivisere prosjekt gjennom tidleg involvering av entreprenør, samspel mellom prosjektdeltakarane og bruk av teknologi for å forbetre kommunikasjon og samarbeid. Systema kan nyttegjere særeigne kontraktar, men dei kan og være tilpassa lokale innkjøpslover og kontraktstandarar. Litteraturstudiet peika og på at tidleg involvering av entreprenør, samspel og teknologi var avgjerande for å lukkast med samspelsprosjekt. Basert på dette utvikla vi ECT modellen, som beskriv dei mest framtredande utfordringane ved prosjektgjennomføring i samspel, gjennom eit sett med teoretiske proposisjonar. Etter litteraturstudiet gjennomførte vi en kvalitativ casstudie der vi såg nærare på to infrastrukturprosjekt i Noreg. Datainhentinga bestod av semistrukturerte intervju med fem deltakarar frå kvart prosjekt. Dataa vart koda ved hjelp av Gioia metoen. Vidare vart dei brukte til analysere dei teoretiske proposisjonane og til å evaluere og komplimentere ECT modellen. Studien vår framhevar har tre hovudfunn. Det første er at litteraturen fokuserer for mykje på byggherrerolla, og for lite på entreprenørrolla. Vidare fann vi at litteraturen langt på veg seier at trening er den viktigaste suksessfaktoren mtp. teknologibruk. Funna våre tilseier at det er minst like viktig at det etablerast eit rammeverk for korleis ein skal bruke teknologien til å framme samspel. Til sist fann vi at teorien foreslår ei rekke individuelle tiltak for å for å framme samspel. Våre funn tilseier at tiltaka gjev best effekt dersom dei settast i samanheng og innførast som ei pakke. Konklusjonen på studien er at ein heilheitleg innføring av ECT modellen er nødvendig for å løyse utfordringane knytt til prosjektgjennomføring i samspel. For styrke å ECT modellen anbefaler vi å gjennomføre ei liknande studie i ein annan kontekst og at ein ser nærare på bruken av fasislitatorar. The multi-billion infrastructure industry is often criticized due to low efficiency and high failure rates. To remedy this situation a set of new collaborative project delivery systems have appeared. In this thesis we aim to examine the challenges related to such systems. This is done through answering the following research question: How can Norwegian infrastructure projects overcome the challenges related to collaborative project delivery? To answer this question, we performed a literature study to identify the challenges related to collaborative project delivery. However, we found that the theory was lacking a proper definition for this concept as authors usually address specific systems like Integrated Project Delivery, Alliancing, etc. Thus, in order to discuss CPDS as a concept we saw the need for a definition that covered all of these systems. Therefore, we formulated the following definition based on a comparison of these systems: A collaborative project delivery system is a system that aims to improve the efficiency of projects through early contractor involvement, collaboration between participants and utilizing technology to enhance communication and collaboration. They may utilize specialized contracts, but can also exist within existing standards of local procurement laws. Subsequently, we found that the elements, Early Contractor Involvement, Collaboration and Technology (ECT) are the most important factors. So we created the ECT framework, which addresses the different challenges related to collaborative project delivery through a set of theoretical propositions. Next, we performed a qualitative case study where we examined two Norwegian Public Infrastructure Projects. We conducted semi-structured interviews with different participants with a total of five informants from each project, to collect data. We coded the data with the Gioia method where after we analyzed it. We used the data to examine our propositions and to evaluate and complement our ECT framework. There are three major findings from our research. The first is that the existing theory emphasizes too much on the owner's role and neglects the contractor's role. Our second finding is that collaboration can be established by holistic use of various measures to enhance collaboration, which deviates from the existing theory which focuses on individual implementation. Finally, the theory has an extensive focus on training with technology, whereas our study shows that establishment of a framework on how to use the technology collaborative is equally important. The conclusion of our study is that to overcome the challenges of a CPDS, a holistic implementation of the ECT framework is necessary. To strengthen the ECT framework, we suggest that similar research is performed in other context and that the use of a facilitator is examined further.
- Published
- 2021
30. Enhancing knowledge management in knowledge-intensive firms through increasing opportunities: Establishing leader focus by applying the AMO-framework
- Author
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Høydal, Kjetil, Skoog, Kristoffer, and Vie, Ola Edvin
- Abstract
Konklusjon: Vi konkluderer at ledere som ønsker å forbedre kunnskapsprosesser burde fokusere på mulighetene til arbeiderne. Vi kommer frem til dette ved å ta flaskehals perspektivet på en modell som omfatter evner, motivasjon og muligheter, AMO-modellen, og kombinere denne med kunnskapsbedrifter, KIFs. Vår forskning viser at kunnskapsarbeidernes iboende egenskaper dekker både evne og motivasjons aspektet for kunnskapsprosesser. Fokuset bør derfor ligge på mulighetene. Det bør gjøres ved å sette søkelys på fasilitering av arbeiderne, bygge en kultur som tilgir feiltrinn og tydelige prioriteringer av kunnskapsprosesser. Mål: Denne masteroppgaven har som mål å undersøke hvordan ledere burde fokusere for å bedre kunnskapsledelse i kunnskapsbedrifter ved hjelp av AMO-modellen. Dette ble undersøkt ved å se nærmere på offisielle ledere, og kunnskapsarbeidernes evner, motivasjon og muligheter til å utføre kunnskapsprosesser. Vi ønsket med dette å bidra til litteratur innenfor både lederskap og kunnskapsledelse. Viktige faktorer for kunnskapsledelse som tillit, forpliktelse og kultur ble brukt som utgangspunkt for faktorer som ledere kan påvirke. Ved å strukturere disse gjennom AMO-rammeverket ble det skapt kausalitet mellom faktorene og kunnskapsledelse. Metode: Masteroppgaven er utført ved å gjennomføre et case-studie på en enkelt kunnskapsbedrift. Semi-strukturerte intervjuer av 12 ansatte, fordelt mellom ledere og ikke-ledere, ble gjennomført for å samle de nødvendige dataene til å analysere våre proposisjoner. Samlede data ble analysert ved bruk av en abduktiv tilnærming etterfulgt av en kodeprosess i tråd med Gioiametoden. Resultater: Vårt mest betydningsfulle funn er bruken av AMO-rammeverket i krysningspunktet mellom lederskap og kunnskapsledelse. Dens praktiske anvendelighet gjør at den fremstår som et naturlig element å inkludere i kunnskapsledelseslitteratur. Videre viser våre funn at en burde tone ned det teoretiske skillet som finnes i ledelseslitteratur (management og leadership) og heller tilstrebe å gi ledere, spesielt i kunnskapsbedrifter, mer konkrete retningslinjer for å utøve lederskap. Til slutt, noe kontroversielt, ble kontroll identifisert som nødvending også i kunnskapsledelse. Conclusion: We conclude that leaders should enhance knowledge processes by focusing on the opportunity for their knowledge workers. This conclusion is drawn because combining the bottleneck view of the ability-, motivation-, and opportunity-, AMO-, model with knowledge-intensive firms, KIFs, the knowledge workers themselves contribute to the ability and motivation for knowledge processes. This focus on opportunity is done through clear prioritization of knowledge processes, serving the workers' needs, and building a fitting culture with an allowance of mistakes. Goal: This master's thesis aimed to examine how leaders should focus to enhance knowledge management within KIFs by applying the AMO-model. The thesis was done by focusing on official leaders and knowledge workers' ability, motivation, and opportunity to perform knowledge processes. Secondly, we aimed to contribute to leadership and knowledge management literature. Trust, commitment, and culture were identified as important factors for knowledge management, forming the basis for factors leaders can affect. The AMO-framework offering causality between the factors and knowledge management was used to structure the thesis. Method: To answer our master's thesis, we performed a case study of a single KIF, having semi-structured interviews with 12 employees, split between leaders and non-leaders, to gather the necessary data to analyze our propositions. The data was analyzed using abductive reasoning, followed by codification using the Gioia method. Results: Our most significant result is the use of the AMO-framework within the intersection of leadership and knowledge management. The applicability of the framework in a practical manner present it as a natural element to include in knowledge management literature. Further, our findings show that the theoretical distinction between management and leadership should be downplayed in leadership literatur, presenting leaders, particularly in knowledge-intensive firms, with more concrete guidelines to exert leadership. Additionally, to some controversy, we identify control as also needed in knowledge management.
- Published
- 2020
31. A Call for Change: Aiming towards more relevant and sustainable impact from aid projects
- Author
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Briedis, Hanne N. H., Solberg, Anna, and Vie, Ola Edvin
- Abstract
Å gjennomføre oppgaver som prosjekter er en økende trend og har blitt en integrert del av samfunnet. Målrettede og midlertidige tiltak, som opphører når den planlagte oppgaven er utført, har i stor grad blitt standarden innen bistandssektoren. Samfunnsendring og utvikling krever derimot langsiktig tenkning. Hvordan kan bærekraft sikres i bistandsprosjekter, til tross for denne motsetningen? Denne masteroppgaven undersøker følgende problemstilling: Hvordan kan bistandsprosjekter hjelpe mennesker på en relevant og bærekraftig måte? Studien baserer seg på en rekke semistrukturerte intervjuer og en kvalitativ, induktiv metode. Funnene avdekker viktige observasjoner relatert til "prosjektifiseringen" av bistandssektoren. Vi stiller spørsmålstegn ved om denne prosjektifiseringen har ført til et villedende fokus, med en tendens til å legge for stor vekt på planlegging, rapportering og evaluering, istedenfor å skape mest mulig relevant og varig påvirkning. Det må fokuseres mer på å oppnå resultater som er essensielle for målgruppa, og ikke på å gjennomføre store mengder standardiserte, detaljplanlagte, og lite fleksible prosjekter "etter boka". Vi foreslår at bærekraft bør forstås som et begrep bestående av to komplementære komponenter: Trippel bunnlinje og varig påvirkning. Videre er det behov for mer fleksibilitet i bistandsprosjekter, som kan oppnås ved å implementere "fleksibilitet med retning" eller "planlagt fleksibilitet". I tillegg introduserer vi en model (APIM-modellen), som er ment å være et verktøy som kan bidra til å justere fokuset for bistandsprosjekter mot varig påvirkning. APIM-modellen legger vekt på involvering av sluttbrukerne og foreslår at det er mer sannsynlig å oppnå langvarig positiv effekt og påvirkning på samfunnet dersom løsningen er relevant, samt både kan og vil brukes og vedlikeholdes. Working on "projects" is an increasing trend in modern times, and has become an integral part of society. Concurrently, task-specific, temporary endeavors have, to a large extent, become the conventional way of delivering development aid. On the other hand, successful development aid requires long-term thinking. Recognizing this contradiction, how can sustainability be ensured in aid projects? The problem statement addressed in this thesis is worded as follows: How can development aid projects help people in a relevant and sustainable way? The study is based on a collection of semi-structured interviews and adopts a qualitative inductive approach. The findings reveal important observations related to the "projectification" of the aid sector. We question if this projectification has led to a misplaced focus, with a tendency to put too much emphasis on planning, reporting and evaluating, instead of simply generating the most relevant and lasting positive impact. People need to focus more on achieving results that are vital to the target group, rather than on churning out large quantities of standardized, overly planned and inflexible, "by the book", projects. We suggest that sustainability should be understood as consisting of two complementary components; the Triple Bottom Line and Lasting Impact. Moreover, more flexibility is needed in aid projects, which could be obtained through implementing Flexibility With a Direction or Planned Flexibility. Additionally, we introduce a model, which we call the Aid Project Impact Mapping model (APIM-model), as a tool to help alter the focus of aid projects towards the purpose of obtaining a positive lasting impact. The APIM-model emphasizes end-user considerations, and suggests that a long-lasting impact is most likely to be achieved by finding a relevant solution to the end-user's existing problem, and a solution that can and will be used and maintained.
- Published
- 2020
32. Why competence in teleworking matters
- Author
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Murray, Ryan W. and Vie, Ola Edvin
- Abstract
Teleworking (also referred to as remote working) is currently rising in popularity, and based on the recent COVID-19 pandemic this trend appears likely to continue. The existing theoretical literature on teleworking indicates the importance of taking the context of teleworking into consideration. One context that has received little attention in the literature is consulting engineering firms. While teleworking theory does cover knowledge-intensive firms and consulting firms in general, minimal studies specifically address consulting engineering. This research project aims to fill that gap by answering the following research question: How is the practice of teleworking in consulting engineering firms influenced by conditions on the job, individual, organizational, and environmental and societal levels? A qualitative case study is conducted that includes two consulting engineering firms located in the Greater Toronto Area region of Canada. One is a small firm that purely teleworks, whereas the other is a medium-sized firm that infrequently teleworked prior to COVID-19, but transitioned to full-time teleworking during COVID-19 which is captured in the empirical data. A total of seven employees are interviewed in depth, in positions ranging from junior engineers to presidents, in order to obtain a holistic view of the teleworking practices in these firms. This research project primarily uses an inductive approach by generating theory based on the empirical data and then comparing it to the existing theoretical literature. A theoretical framework is developed that divides teleworking into four levels that structure the overall analysis and discussion: the job level, the individual level, the organizational level, and the environmental and societal level. A few key concepts within each level are examined by comparing the findings from the empirical data with existing literature. The research reveals two main findings. First, consulting engineering firms do not appear to experience any significantly unique challenges in regards to teleworking. Secondly, teleworking literature appears to have surprisingly neglected emphasizing the importance of teleworking as a competence. This research showcases that teleworking competence influences the outcomes of teleworking at all four levels of the theoretical framework.
- Published
- 2020
33. Managing Uncertain and Complex Change Projects: The Managerial Implications of Using a Robust Management Approach
- Author
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Waaler, Michelle, Farid, Parinaz, and Vie, Ola Edvin
- Abstract
Tidligere studier av en kombinasjon av prosjektledelse og endringsledelse, for bedre å håndtere transformasjonsendringer, har reist noen nye spørsmål om hvor godt en robust ledelsesmetode vil fungere under et høyt usikkerhetsnivå. Dette har rettferdiggjort en kritisk undersøkelse av hvordan robuste ledelsesmetoder kan påvirke utførelsesfasen av et endringsprosjekt. Dermed var målet med denne oppgaven å gi indikasjoner på hva som muliggjør og driver usikkerhet i utførelsesfasen av et prosjekt i et transformasjonsendringsprogram, og gi indikasjoner på hvilke implikasjoner dette har for en prosjektleder når en tradisjonell og robust ledelsesmetode benyttes. En kritisk casestudie ble utført ved bruk av et tradisjonelt ingeniørfirma som for tiden er i utførelsesfasen av en transformasjonsendring. Studien identifiserte hvilke problemstillinger som er forårsaket av usikkerhet i transformasjonsendringsprosjektet i utførelsesfasen og hvordan disse problemene påvirker styringen av prosjektet med tanke på både måloppnåelse og ressursutnyttelse. Bevisene som presenteres i denne oppgaven har vist at usikkerheten påvirker et tradisjonelt, robust prosjekt ved å introdusere flere problemstillinger i utførelsesfasen. Funnene indikerer at hovedproblemene forårsaket av usikkerhet er endringer i milepælene, ledelsesmetoden og prosjekt omfang, -fremdrift og -mål i utførelsesfasen. Videre antyder denne avhandlingen at kombinasjonen av et robust tankesett og usikkerhet forårsaker følgende problemer som påvirker prosjektets måloppnåelse og ressursutnyttelse. Først viser funnene flere endringer i milepælene og et behov for å utvikle et kompromiss i ledelsesmetoden i utførelsesfasen. Videre viser funnene hyppige evalueringer av nye muligheter, omplanlegging for å oppnå synkronisering i programmet, lange kontraktkonflikter og hindrende forhandlinger med entreprenøren og interne interessenter. I tillegg indikerer funnene at endringer og forsinkelser til robuste planer og beslutninger har en kulturell innvirkning på prosjektet. Analysen viser at dette kan føre til manglende tillit til robuste planer blant de ansatte i organisasjonen. Analysen indikerer videre at kulturelle spørsmål har innvirkning på driften i organisasjonen generelt. Spesielt viser funnene at usikkerhet og stadige endringer til robuste planer påvirker de ansattes oppfatning av planene og indikerer at robuste planer i en usikker kontekst kan føre til en falsk følelse av sikkerhet. Videre konkluderer analysen og diskusjonen med at problemstillingene har følgende implikasjoner for endringsprosjektet. For det første er det funnet at kontraktsforhandlinger reduserer effektiviteten i prosjektet. For det andre demonstrerer spørsmålene om å håndtere et komplekst system av interne interessenter at motstridende synspunkter og misforståelser kan redusere effektiviteten hvis det ikke håndteres på riktig måte. For det tredje forårsaker gjensidig avhengighet i programmet problemer i prosjektet knyttet til omplanlegging. Følgelig er måloppnåelsen og ressursutnyttelsen avhengig av mengden ressurser som brukes på omplanlegging. Til slutt indikerer analysen at endringer og forsinkelser kombinert med en robust kultur og tankesett kan ha innvirkning på effektiviteten ved å skape insentiver til å ikke rapportere avvik fra fremdriften, og insentiver som er til fordel for prioritering av ressursutnyttelse foran kvalitet og måloppnåelse. Previous studies of a combination of project management and change management, to better manage transformational changes, have raise some new questions as to how well a robust management approach will work when exposed to a high level of uncertainty. This has justified a critical research of how robust management approaches could affect the execution phase of a change project. Thus, the aim of this thesis was to provide indications to what enables and drives uncertainty in the execution phase of a project embedded in a transformational change program and provide indications to what managerial implications this have for a project manager when a traditional, robust management approach is used. A critical case study was conducted using a traditional engineering company currently in the execution phase of a transformational change. The study identified which issues is caused by uncertainty in the transformational change project in the execution phase and how these issues affect the management of the project in terms of efficiency and effectiveness. The evidence presented in this thesis has shown that the uncertainty impact a traditional, robust project by introducing several issues in the execution phase. The findings indicate that the main issues caused by uncertainty is changes to the milestones, approach, scope, progress and project output in the execution phase. Moreover, this thesis suggest that the combination of a robust mindset and uncertainty causes the following issues affecting the effectiveness and efficiency of the project. First, changes to the milestones, and the need for developing a compromise in the management approach. Moreover, frequent evaluation of emergent opportunities, re-planning to achieve synchronization in the program, lengthy contractual conflicts and halting negotiations with the contractor and internal stakeholders. In addition, the findings indicate that changes and delays to robust plans and decisions have a cultural impact on the project. The analysis show that this could cause a lack of trust in robust plans among the employees in the organization. The analysis further indicate that cultural issues have an impact on the operations in the organization in general as well as the effectiveness of robustness due to the uncertainty exposing plans as a false sense of certainty. Furthermore, the analysis and discussion conclude that the issues have the following managerial implications on the change project. First, contractual negotiations is found to decrease the efficiency of the case project. Secondly, the issues of managing a complex system of internal stakeholders demonstrate that conflicting views and misunderstandings could decrease the efficiency if not managed appropriately. Third, the interdependence in the program causes issues in the case project related to re-planning. Consequently the effectiveness and efficiency is dependent on the amount of resources spent on re-planning. Lastly, the analysis indicate that changes and delays combined with a robust culture and mindset could have an affect on the efficiency by creating incentives to report misleading statements about the progress, or incentives which benefit the prioritization of efficiency ahead of quality and effectiveness.
- Published
- 2020
34. Project Managers in Software Development Projects
- Author
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Haukås, Lisa Enge, Vie, Ola Edvin, and Farid, Parinaz
- Abstract
Prosjektledelse kan bli definert som anvendelse av kunnskap, ferdigheter, verktøy og teknikker for å utarbeide aktiviteter for å møte prosjekt-kravene. Programvareutviklingsprosjekter er komplekse, og i dag er det vanlig å bruke agile metoder når en utfører slike prosjekter. Agile metoder fokuserer på å ha et tett samarbeid med kunden, i tillegg til å verdsette enkeltpersoner og samspill i gruppen. Prosjektlederen er leddet mellom kunden og utviklerne. Selv om det finnes relativt mye forskning på prosjektledelse innen IT, er det lite forskning knyttet til teknisk og ikke-tekniske prosjektledere. I denne oppgaven defineres en teknisk prosjektleder som en prosjektleder som har bakgrunn som utvikler. Formålet med denne masteroppgaven er derfor å undersøke i hvilken grad prosjektledere erfarer at deres tekniske eller ikke-tekniske bakgrunn påvirker deres prestasjon som prosjektledere i programvareutviklingsprosjekter. Dette case studiet har en kvalitativ strategi, der fire prosjektledere har blitt intervjuet gjennom et semi-strukturert intervju. Prosjektlederne kommer fra et anonymt konsulent firma som driver med programvareutvikling. For å få et troverdig resultat, har intervjuobjektene fått tilsendt oppgaven og godkjent at de blir fremstilt korrekt. Intervjuene har blitt analysert ved hjelp av koding, å se etter potensielle likheter og kategorisere dem. Dette ble gjort for å understreke likheter og forskjeller mellom tekniske og ikke-tekniske prosjektledere. Resultatene viser at det er flest fordeler ved å ha en teknisk bakgrunn når en er prosjektleder for programvareutviklingsprosjekter. Det er viktig å ha teknisk kunnskap som prosjektleder på slike prosjekt, da det gjør at en har oversikt over hvordan ting henger sammen. I tillegg til at en enklere ser problemer og utfordringer som oppstår tidligere. På en annen side, kan ikke-tekniske prosjektledere lære seg nok teknologi til at det er tilstrekkelig.
- Published
- 2019
35. Investigating Knowledge Transfer During the Departure of a Project Member in the Semiconductor Industry - A Case Study Applying the Ability-Motivation-Opportunity Model
- Author
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Davis, Mareike and Vie, Ola Edvin
- Subjects
Project Management, Industrial Engineering - Abstract
This thesis presents theory about factors relating to knowledge sharing and applies it to knowledge transfer. The model used to structure the research is the ability-motivation-opportunity model. The product of the thesis is a new model specific to knowledge transfer in the semiconductor industry. The purpose of the model is to help project managers focus their resources on certain factors that positively influence knowledge transfer in a situation where a project member departs from the project and a new member joins.
- Published
- 2018
36. Becoming a project manager - A cross-sectional study of French engineers' challenging transition from technical specialists to project managers
- Author
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Daden, Marie and Vie, Ola Edvin
- Subjects
Project Management, Industrial Engineering - Abstract
First of all, I will develop a theoretical framework based on literature of interest for answering my research question. Then, this empirical framework will be used to analyze the empirical data I have collected when interviewing French engineering-backgrounded project managers. Finally, I will discuss my findings and answer my research question.
- Published
- 2018
37. Personalledelse i Management Consulting; hva, hvem og hvorfor? - En kvalitativ case-studie av et norsk Management Consulting-selskap
- Author
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Bygland, Håkon, Holth, Martin Raknes, Vie, Ola Edvin, and Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Fakultet for økonomi,Institutt for industriell økonomi og teknologiledelse
- Subjects
Industriell økonomi og teknologiledelse, Strategisk endringsledelse ,Industriell økonomi og teknologiledelse - Abstract
Personalledelse i Management Consulting; hva er det, hvem utøver det og hvorfor er det viktig? Vårt svar på forskningsspørsmålet er at personalledelse i Management Consulting omhandler: 1) Faglig og personlig oppfølging av konsulentene på kort og lang sikt med mål om å få de ansatte til å trives i organisasjonen, ha faglig utvikling og legge til rette for erfaringsbygging slik at de ansatte kan gjøre karriere i selskapet. I tillegg tilfaller administrative oppgaver linjeleder og karakteriseres som en personalansvarsoppgave. Personalledelse i Management Consulting nedprioriteres til fordel for inntektsgenererende oppgaver, derfor settes det av lite tid til å gjennomføre personalansvarsoppgavene. Personalansvar er noe nesten alle konsulenter på høyere nivå har, men det ikke settes av tid til. 2) Både linje- og prosjektleder utfører personalansvarsoppgaver. Likevel har linjeleder hovedansvaret for den langsiktige personaloppfølgingen og har størst påvirkning på konsulentens langsiktige trivsel og karrieremuligheter. Prosjektleder har ansvar for kortsiktig oppgaverelatert oppfølging, og har påvirkning på konsulentens kortsiktige trivsel. 3) Personalledelse i Management Consulting er viktig fordi det påvirker konsulentenes langsiktige og kortsiktige trivsel og dermed både lojalitet og turnover. Selv om personalledelse i Management Consulting er viktig, nedprioriteres det i stor grad grunnet et prestasjonsbasert belønningssystem som synliggjør personalledelse i svært liten grad. Forskningsspørsmålet er utledet for å undersøke særegenheter med personalledelse i Management Consulting, og hvilke implikasjoner dette har. Litteraturen for oppgaven er primært hentet fra HR-litteraturen og HRM-Project Based Organizations-litteraturen (HRM-PBO-litteraturen), som beskriver krysningspunktet mellom HR- og prosjektledelseslitteraturen. Vi velger å dele HR-litteraturen som er relevant for personalledelse i Management Consulting i to hovedretninger, MMT (Mainstream Management Theory) og CMS (Critical Management Studies). CMS og MMT tar ofte for seg de samme temaene i HR-litteraturen, men CMS kommer fra et mer kritisk synspunkt. Vi har utviklet et rammeverk basert på fem proposisjoner, utledet fra teoriene, som til sammen hjelper oss å besvare forskningsspørsmålet. De empiriske funnene er generert gjennom kvalitative intervjuer med representanter fra et Management Consulting-selskap. Informantene har forskjellige roller på forskjellige nivåer i selskapet. Analysemetoden brukt i oppgaven er inspirert av åpen koding og grounded theory , og analysen er gjort gjennom rammeverket bestående av de fem proposisjonene. Funnene fra datagenereringen er satt opp mot den eksisterende litteraturen for å vurdere om hvorvidt funnene støtter eller bryter med eksisterende teorier. Vår studie bidrar til HRM-PBO-litteraturen ved å tydeliggjøre praksiser rundt gjennomføringen av personalansvarsoppgaver, fordelingen av ansvaret mellom ulike aktører og prosjektleders personalansvar i en prosjektbasert organisasjon. Vi bidrar også til HR-litteraturen ved å vise og diskutere konsekvensene av det å ikke tydeliggjøre oppgaver relatert til personalledelse i evalueringen av linjeledere. Videre bidrar vi til HR-litteraturen ved å tydeliggjøre hvordan individuell oppfølging utøvet av en aktør i et langvarig forhold til en ansatt, i vårt tilfelle linjeleder, kan ha en positiv effekt for turnoveren til en organisasjon. Vår forskning ender opp med i stor grad å støtte CMS-retningen innenfor HR-litteraturen som ser med skepsis på enkelte ledelsespraksiser i Management Consulting.
- Published
- 2018
38. Project Management System at a Research Institute - An exploratory case study
- Author
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Forsberg, Jonas Aarsland, Vie, Ola Edvin, and Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Fakultet for økonomi,Institutt for industriell økonomi og teknologiledelse
- Subjects
Project Management, Industrial Engineering - Abstract
Projects have become a more central way of organizing work in today's fast phased and competitive environment. Projects can be defined as a temporary organization which operates under the constraints of time, budget, and other resources. Within specified timeframe, an organization can be defined as permanent entity and projects as temporary. Here, a potential complication arises, between the temporary and permanent. In this interaction, some level of guidance and control are required. This study has addressed how to handle this interface from a project management perspective and has defined this interface as a Project Management System (PMS). To narrow the focus, a project-based organization, more specifically a research institute has been selected as a focal point. This has resulted in an explicit standardized project management (SPM) system for the research institute, and a general PMS, which ban be beneficial for project-based organizations. These findings are based on an exploratory case study. 11 project practitioners in a research institute were interviewed regarding the PMS and its aspects. The project practitioners ranged from experienced project managers, department heads, and other executives in the organization. The widespread sample of project practitioners made it possible to create a more practical and specified SPM system which is connected to the project reality and organizational capabilities. One of the theoretical findings suggests that it is not beneficial to control a complex project reality using linear systems. Instead, an adaptable approach directed towards the project reality and dynamics is more advantageous. A flexible approach was developed by making a project categorization system which is a part of the SPM system. This can be used as a tool to separate the projects from each other based on their intrinsic nature. From these separations, a more detailed project management approach can be valuable. The application and benefits of the SPM have been investigated. The study concludes with a model of a holistic PMS and how it can be connected and created to enhance project success
- Published
- 2017
39. Are there asymmetric power relations in a product development project involving small enterprises and large R&D-institutions? - A case study in influence and dependency in R&D-collaborations
- Author
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Hansen, Fredric Staksrud, Gjølme, Lars, and Vie, Ola Edvin
- Subjects
NTNUs Entreprenørskole - Abstract
The objective of this thesis is to answer the main research question: Can we observe the existence of power imbalance in R&D-collaboration, and how is this power imbalance formed by dependency and influence? The main research question is separated into three subordinated research questions; (1) can we identify an asymmetric power balance between research institutions and small enterprises? (2) How is the power distribution between the research institution and customer company in relation to influence? (3) To which degree is the small enterprise dependent on the research institution, and how can the small enterprise obtain a level of dependency that optimizes the value of the collaboration? The approach is a descriptive case study of four separate R&D-projects involving SINTEF and one small company. The empirical data is gathered from ten individual interviews with representatives from SINTEF and representatives from their customers. The theoretical basis is a preliminary literature study by Gjølme and Staksrud Hansen (2014) with a supplemental literature study. The theory researched is within power, which is a controversial and comprehensive field of research - subject to tension between researchers all over the world. One of the main topics that are discussed is the basics of power theory - what is the definition of power, and how do you achieve a power submissive or dominant position towards another? In this thesis, we have viewed power as an outcome of two distinct relative power sources Influence and Dependency. Two separate frameworks have been developed to visualise grades of influence and dependency, based on separate dimensions or principles. The findings from these frameworks are discussed to answer ten theory-based propositions used to conclude the research questions. The main conclusions are that asymmetric power balance might occur in R&D-collaborations, but the asymmetry often varies based on the customer company s experience. An important discovery is that the power asymmetry does not have a negative impact on the process as the more experienced part tries to compensate for the lack of experience with the other actor. This is considered as an advantageously power execution, if the power dominance is positive. A less sensational discovery is that these projects are similar to other projects, when it comes to planning, contracting and implementation. The most influential implication is that the theory-based frameworks are functional to visualise grading of influence and dependency in an R&D-collaboration, and in the concluding chapter we present two sets of recommendations for optimising the collaboration, one set for the research institution and one set for the small company engaging the research institution.
- Published
- 2015
40. Public Sector Innovation - An Empirical Study on Managers in the Norwegian Public Sector
- Author
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Nielsen, Magne Klonteig, Bakke, Oystein, Vie, Ola Edvin, and Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Fakultet for samfunnsvitenskap og teknologiledelse, Institutt for industriell økonomi og teknologiledelse
- Subjects
NTNUs Entreprenørskole - Abstract
Innovation in the public sector is crucial in order to maintain the high levels of welfare services the public sector provides, and for the public sector to be able to address the economic and societal challenges it face. This master thesis studies the topic of public sector innovation from a managerial perspective. The thesis is paper-based, thus the main academic contribution can be found in the appended papers. The opening document includes an introduction to the research field of public sector innovation. The two appended papers are based on an empirical study of managers in Norwegian public sector organizations. Paper one investigates how managers understand and view central concepts of innovation, as well as the managerial role and responsibility related to innovation. Although the study suggest that the managers understand innovation on a conceptual level, the managers lack of precision in the understanding of innovation call for the establishment of a common definition of the concept for the public sector. The analysis shows that managers struggled with issues such as; novelty, degree of change necessary, and the implementation phase, when discussing what constitutes innovation. The understanding of the managerial role, and responsibilities regarding innovation, is further found to differ between public sector organizations. Paper two investigates the influence the environmental context may have on public organizations innovative abilities. The Organizations ability to innovate is found closely connected to the ability to adapt to an altered environment. Thus, the findings indicate that the environmental context of the organization does influence and affect the organization s innovative abilities. Managers in organizations at agency level are further found to show more permeable to the organizations environmental context, compared to managers at ministerial level. This could be explained by more frequent interaction and involvement with external actors for the organizations at agency level.
- Published
- 2014
41. Collaboration in research centres: How firms benefit from collaborating in Centres for Environment-friendly Energy Research
- Author
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Toftesund, Hans Christian, Oliver, Emil Johan, Vie, Ola Edvin, Sørheim, Roger, and Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Fakultet for samfunnsvitenskap og teknologiledelse, Institutt for industriell økonomi og teknologiledelse
- Abstract
This thesis aims answer how knowledge intensive firms benefit from collaborating in research centres, which is based on our desire to study Norwegian Centres for Environmentally Friendly Energy Research (CEER) where several research institutions and firms are involved. The study is applies the field of knowledge management, and the most central theories covered in this thesis are related to knowledge management, knowledge integration, proximity and information and communication technologies (ICTs). We have employed a qualitative research strategy and designed a single-case study of the CEER Solar United. A total of 20 interviews were conducted, where the interviewees were representatives from 12 current and previous industry partners, in addition to 4 out of 5 research partners in Solar United, using thematic analysis. Our theoretical foundation is framework which was based on a literature review conducted in the fall of 2013. From this theoretical framework, we created four sub-research questions that have been applied in the discussion in order to answer our main research question. We presented empirical data for further discussion, explaining how Solar United operates as an organization as well as challenges in having partners which are geographically spread.The insight we gained through answering our sub-research questions were used to answer the main research question. Our conclusions are that large firms with funds for R&D have the research partners develop firm-specific competence which is later applied in binary research projects. Smaller firms with lower R&D capacity conduct research that advances their technological development within the research centre. Supporting industry partners primarily benefit by gaining insight into the state-of-the-art as well as customer insight. Thus, all industry partners benefit from different kinds of knowledge creation.These findings are constituted in a model which we suggest should be validated through further research on other research centres. The thesis is ended by pointing out theoretical and practical implications, as well as proposals for further research.
- Published
- 2014
42. Commercialization of Norwegian Wind Energy Technologies: A Multiple Case Study of Success Factors in the Product Launch Process
- Author
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Saha Banik, Abhijit, Vie, Ola Edvin, and Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Fakultet for samfunnsvitenskap og teknologiledelse, Institutt for industriell økonomi og teknologiledelse
- Abstract
This master thesis discusses how Norwegian companies can successfully commercialize new and immature wind energy technologies. The goal is to establish a best practice model on how to commercialize wind technology products, and to provide a practical view of this topic. A multiple and holistic case study design will be used, by exploring commercialization activities within a number of Norwegian wind energy companies. Data sources such as interviews, grey literature and journal articles will provide the foundation for the discussions.The master thesis is organized in the following way: First, a systematic literature review will be used to present relevant theories and models of commercialization and product launch strategy. A set of propositions connected to the problem statement is then presented. Second, empirical analysis, using interviews and grey literature, will add practical aspects to the problem statement. Third, the propositions, theories and analysis are discussed, with a particular focus on testing the strength of each proposition. Finally, the thesis is concluded and strategic and theoretical implications discussed.
- Published
- 2014
43. Balancing Exploration and Exploitation in The Service Sector: Ambidexterity in a Norwegian Company with a Value Shop Configuration
- Author
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Clifford, Kari Marie, Andersen, Helge Lundsvoll, Giæver, Tharald Johannes, Vie, Ola Edvin, and Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Fakultet for samfunnsvitenskap og teknologiledelse, Institutt for industriell økonomi og teknologiledelse
- Abstract
The research question in this thesis is ?How does Making Waves balance explorationand exploitation?? which is based on our desire to study a Norwegian servicecompany with an innovative edge and long-term profitability. Our thesis is writtenwithin the field of innovation management.The most central theories covered in this thesis are related to exploration,exploitation, and ambidexterity, which is the ability of organizations to balanceexploration and exploitation. We have created a model of four different ways acompany can approach ambidexterity: architectural, contextual, combinatorial, andmanagement approaches.We have employed a qualitative research strategy, and designed a single-case studyof the Norwegian consultancy company Making Waves. We interviewed 18employees, from top management to non-management, and used a method foranalysis inspired by open coding and grounded theory. Our theoretical foundation isa literature review we conduced in the fall of 2012. Based on the theoreticalfoundation and the empirical data, we have created a set of propositions that weused to shed light on specific elements of our research question.From the analysis of our empirical data, we created three main categories that weused in the discussion: Company culture, knowledge management, and strategicorientation. We presented empirical data within these three categories, andexplained how Making Waves uses the four approaches to ambidexterity. We alsoestablished that Making Waves can be defined as a value shop, which enabled us totheorise about which other companies that might benefit from our results.We have used the insight we gained from the discussion of our propositions toanswer the research question. The overall answer to the question is that MakingWaves balances exploration and exploitation by having managers that combinearchitectural and contextual approaches to ambidexterity. More specifically, we foundthat Making Waves achieves ambidexterity through customer projects, and that theyrely more and more on architectural approaches as they are growing. The CEO ofMaking Waves is directly involved in the contextual approaches, which he affectsthrough his leadership style. The management in Making Waves does not preferexploitative projects to explorative projects, and they do not use the performancemanagement aspect of contextual approaches. We also found that Making Waves donot use spatial separation as an architectural measure when being ambidextrous.The most important implications of our research are that value shops seem toemploy more architectural approaches to ambidexterity by default when they grow interms of number of employees, that the CEOs of companies with flat structuresstrongly affect contextual approaches to ambidexterity, and that thorough knowledgemanagement is essential for achieving ambidexterity in value shops. We also believethat a combined view on ambidexterity and management theory would benefit bothfields.
- Published
- 2013
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