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Copyright of Journal of Nanchang University (Engineering & Technology) is the property of Nanchang University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Preserving function and independence to perform activities of daily living (ADL) is critical for patients and carers to manage the burden of care and improve quality of life. In children living with rare diseases, video recording ADLs offer the opportunity to collect the patients' experience in a real-life setting and accurately reflect treatment effectiveness on outcomes that matter to patients and families. We reviewed the measurement of ADL in pediatric rare diseases and the use of video to develop at-home electronic clinical outcome assessments (eCOA) by leveraging smartphone apps and artificial intelligence-based analysis. We broadly searched PubMed using Boolean combinations of the following MeSH terms 'Rare Diseases,' 'Quality of Life,' 'Activities of Daily Living,' 'Child,' 'Video Recording,' 'Outcome Assessment, Healthcare,' 'Intellectual disability,' and 'Genetic Diseases, Inborn.' Non-controlled vocabulary was used to include human pose estimation in movement analysis. Broad uptake of video eCOA in drug development is linked to the generation of technical and clinical validation evidence to confidently assess a patient's functional abilities. Software platforms handling video data must align with quality regulations to ensure data integrity, security, and privacy. Regulatory flexibility and optimized validation processes should facilitate video eCOA to support benefit/risk drug assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present a dataset comprising motion capture, inertial measurement unit data, and sagittal-plane video data from walking at three different instructed speeds (slow, comfortable, fast). The dataset contains 51 healthy participants with approximately 60 walking trials from each participant.Each walking trial contains data from motion capture, inertial measurement units, and computer vision. Motion capture data comprises ground reaction forces and moments from floor-embedded force plates and the 3D trajectories of subject-worn motion capture markers. Inertial measurement unit data comprises 3D accelerometer readings and 3D orientations from the lower limbs and pelvis. Computer vision data comprises 2D keypoint trajectories detected using the OpenPose human pose estimation algorithm from sagittal-plane video of the walking trial. Additionally, the dataset contains participant demographic and anthropometric information such as mass, height, sex, age, lower limb dimensions, and knee intercondylar distance measured from magnetic resonance images.The dataset can be used in musculoskeletal modelling and simulation to calculate kinematics and kinetics of motion and to compare data between motion capture, inertial measurement, and video capture.

Copyright of Sintaxis. Revista Científica del Centro de Investigación para la Comunicación Aplicada is the property of Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores, AC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The specificity of Virtual Reality is that it offers the user almost complete sound and visual immersion, relying heavily on the sensation of presence, activated by audio and visual indications of the simulated space and strongly linked to the emotional dimension of the virtual reality experience. From the point of view of experience design research, since the user is immersed in a virtual world, real-time feedback on his or her experience is more difficult than for other media. The aim of this article is to present a visual qualitative approach to collecting traces of a virtual reality user's lived experience using a visual method protocol involving synchronous virtual real-world video recordings and the Spot Your Mood tool (Yvart, Delestage, Leleu-Merviel, 2016).

Motor skills and movement-related functioning significantly shape how children experience and interact with the world around them. Among infants and young children, developmental motor disorders contribute to delays with motor, cognitive, and psychosocial development. Early and accurate identification of these disorders is necessary to facilitate timely access to therapeutic interventions that minimize the long-term effects of disability on everyday activities and participation. In the United States, motor assessments commonly used among children 0 to 3 years focus on completion of specific motor skills at a single point in time, which provides only a part of the greater picture that is a child's motor and movement-related functioning. Video-capture methods, like the General Movements Assessment (GMA) and the Infant Motor Profile (IMP), offer greater accuracy and predictive power to (1) identify motor deficits in young children and (2) facilitate early access to supportive, therapeutic intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of empirical lecture capture (LC) research in business education from the last ten years. Lecture capture was selected as it is a common delivery tool in both online and blended learning courses. By summarizing extant empirical LC research in business education, we lay the foundation for future (post-COVID-19) research in online and blended learning. We believe it is important for future research to meaningfully integrate past empirical results in order to fully assess, understand, and predict the learning modalities that will best serve business education stakeholders in a post-COVID world. To that end, we provide a compilation of empirical lecture capture results by theme that is useful for both research and teaching purposes. We also provide a condensed summary of empirical findings and recommendations that can be easily disseminated to faculty in order to facilitate instructor preparedness for teaching in this modality and as well as inform pedagogical decision-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Due to the gaming industrys rapid development, a large number of technical tools and technologies with unique characteristics have emerged. One of these technologies, which can be potentially used in medical diagnostics, is streaming (online streaming). By connecting an ultrasound scanner to a video capture system, it is possible to significantly expand the diagnostic devices functionality. AIM: To investigate the possibility of applying the gaming industrys information technology in telemedicine, like tele-ultrasound. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, an ultrasound video image was captured using a video capture system developed for gamers. The video was obtained during brachycephalic arteries ultrasound in the following modes: greyscale B-mode, color duplex, and pulse Doppler mode. The examination was broadcast to a video streaming service in real time. RESULTS: An expert sonologist obtained optimal video image parameters and determined the minimum required video streaming settings for an adequate remote evaluation. The following video capture workstation settings are recommended: video, 1280720; 24 fps; H.264 encoder; bitrate, at least 350 Kbps. CONCLUSIONS: Using technical and software tools developed for video game streaming to provide tele-ultrasound is possible.

Laboratory studies of postural responses suggest that stepping is a common strategy for balance recovery. Yet little is known about the frequency and characteristics of stepping responses during real-life falls in older adults. (1) Among falls experienced by older adults in long-term care (LTC), what is the prevalence of attempts to recover balance by stepping? (2) How often are steps aligned to the direction of the fall? (3) Do the prevalence and characteristics of steps associate with intrinsic and situational factors? We collected and analyzed video footage of 1516 falls experienced by 515 residents of LTC (of mean age 82.7 years). Using generalized estimating equations, we tested whether the prevalence, direction and size of steps associated with sex, age, fall direction, activity at the time of falling, cause of imbalance, and holding or grasping objects. Stepping after imbalance was observed in 76% of falls, and 80% of these cases involved multiple steps. The direction of steps aligned with the initial fall direction in 81% of cases. The size of the first step was less than one-half foot length in 64% of cases. Secondary steps tended to be similar in size to the first step. Steps were more common for falls during walking than standing, and for sideways falls. Steps were less common in falls involving held objects, and steps were less likely to be aligned with the fall direction when reach-to-grasp responses were observed. Older adults in LTC tended to respond to falls with multiple compensatory steps. Steps were tailored to the direction of the fall, but small in size (less than one-half foot length in size). Exercise programs for fall prevention in older adults should focus on increasing step size to enhance the effectiveness of step recovery responses. • most falls were accompanied by attempts to recover balance by stepping. • steps tended to be aligned to the fall direction. • the size of most steps was less than one-half foot-length. • 24% of falls may have been explained by a complete absence of steps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background falls are common in older adults, and any fall from standing height onto a rigid surface has the potential to cause a serious brain injury or bone fracture. Safe strategies for falling in humans have traditionally been difficult to study. Objective to determine whether specific 'safe landing' strategies (body rotation during descent, and upper limb bracing) separate injurious and non-injurious falls in seniors. Design observational cohort study. Setting two long-term care homes in Vancouver BC. Methods videos of 2,388 falls experienced by 658 participants (mean age 84.0 years; SD 8.1) were analysed with a structured questionnaire. General estimating equations were used to examine how safe landing strategies associated with documented injuries. Results injuries occurred in 38% of falls, and 4% of falls caused injuries treated in hospitals. 32% of injuries were to the head. Rotation during descent was common and protective against injury. In 43% of falls initially directed forward, participants rotated to land sideways, which reduced their odds for head injury 2-fold. Upper limb bracing was used in 58% of falls, but rather than protective, bracing was associated with an increased odds for injury, possibly because it occurred more often in the demanding scenario of forward landings. Conclusions the risk for injury during falls in long-term care was reduced by rotation during descent, but not by upper limb bracing. Our results expand our understanding of human postural responses to falls, and point towards novel strategies to prevent fall-related injuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tobacco Science & Technology is the property of Tobacco Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The research described in this article focuses on determining the effectiveness of Bongo in promoting student retention of concepts in online learning. This study used both quantitative and qualitative measures to examine the effectiveness of student video presentation assignments on student retention of learning and perceptions of the assignment’s contributions to learning. The quantitative methods compared the effects of three treatment conditions (independent reading, Bongo video presentation, and Bongo video presentation with Auto Analysis) on retention of concepts (quizzes administered two weeks after the presentation recordings). Qualitative analysis of student perceptions of the perceived value of Bongo in general, and specifically the Auto Analysis tool, were accomplished through video surveys, transcription, and analysis. Analysis of the data provided strong support for the use of Bongo to increase student retention of concepts, and also revealed that students held favorable perceptions of the value and utility of the tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research described in this article focuses on determining the effectiveness of Bongo in promoting student retention of concepts in online learning. This study used both quantitative and qualitative measures to examine the effectiveness of student video presentation assignments on student retention of learning and perceptions of the assignment’s contributions to learning. The quantitative methods compared the effects of three treatment conditions (independent reading, Bongo video presentation, and Bongo video presentation with Auto Analysis) on retention of concepts (quizzes administered two weeks after the presentation recordings). Qualitative analysis of student perceptions of the perceived value of Bongo in general, and specifically the Auto Analysis tool, were accomplished through video surveys, transcription, and analysis. Analysis of the data provided strong support for the use of Bongo to increase student retention of concepts, and also revealed that students held favorable perceptions of the value and utility of the tool.

Recent trends in consumer electronics have led to a proliferation of high dynamic range (HDR) video acquisition and transmission studies. High-end video capturing systems increase the bit depth of each pixel to adapt to the high-contrast ambient light. However, the extended bit depth is pathetically meager compared with the far wider dynamic range of the incident light. What’s more, incompatibility issues for the subsequent compression and transmission system may be arisen along with the increased bit depth. In this paper, we propose an auto complementary exposure (ACE) algorithm for optimal exposure parameter estimation under Siamese Trigger (ST) mode to maximize the entropy of the output HDR image. With the proposed algorithm, neither the sensor nor other related hardware needs to be modified. Only the auto-exposure algorithm in the firmware needs to be updated. In the proposed ACE algorithm, every two consecutive images are treated as Siamese twins, and the exposure parameters for the twin images are calculated simultaneously. The target of the ACE algorithm is not to maximize the entropy of each image but to maximize that of the fused image. Compared to existing auto exposure or bracketed fusing algorithms, the proposed algorithm has three significant advantages. Firstly, no extra bit-depth is needed to embrace the details of the scene. Thus the image transmission system is not affected. Secondly, only two raw images are necessary for one output fused HDR image. The computation load is relatively low. Thirdly, the proposed method can fit video recording, which has a broader application prospect than HDR image capturing. Experiment results on a self-built database and publicly accessible database demonstrate that the algorithm works well under various types of scenarios. Furthermore, the experiment results on the real-time system show that the captured video image reveals many details under high dynamic scenes.

We present a dataset comprising motion capture, inertial measurement unit data, and sagittal-plane video data from walking at three different instructed speeds (slow, comfortable, fast). The dataset contains 51 healthy participants with approximately 60 walking trials from each participant. Each walking trial contains data from motion capture, inertial measurement units, and computer vision. Motion capture data comprises ground reaction forces and moments from floor-embedded force plates and the 3D trajectories of subject-worn motion capture markers. Inertial measurement unit data comprises 3D accelerometer readings and 3D orientations from the lower limbs and pelvis. Computer vision data comprises 2D keypoint trajectories detected using the OpenPose human pose estimation algorithm from sagittal-plane video of the walking trial. Additionally, the dataset contains participant demographic and anthropometric information such as mass, height, sex, age, lower limb dimensions, and knee intercondylar distance measured from magnetic resonance images. The dataset can be used in musculoskeletal modelling and simulation to calculate kinematics and kinetics of motion and to compare data between motion capture, inertial measurement, and video capture., (© 2024 The Author(s).)

Introduction Intermittent claudication (IC) is a condition of ischemic symptoms in the lower limbs associated with increasing pain in limbs due to physical loading (walking, running and mounting) that relieves after some rest. Dosed walking is recommended as a primary treatment to prevent possible complications in such patients. The purpose of this work was to investigate the effect of different targeted footwear features on the biomechanics of human musculoskeletal system to define optimal footwear designs for reduction of loading on calf muscles and metabolic needs aimed at increasing painless walking distance. Method The study recruited 15 healthy male volunteers aged 25.3 ± 2.73 years for the analysis of kinematics, kinetics and EMG-activity during walking in various types of footwear. Eight subjects with IC were also included. Results were recorded using 16 cameras Oqus 3 + (Qualisys), four Force Platforms AMTI (USA), and an EMG system Noraxon (USA). Data were produced and analysed using QTM, Visual3D (C-Motion), and IBM SPSS Statistics. Results This study demonstrated that to reduce the load on the calf muscles and not to change the biomechanics of the knee and femur, the most potentially effective footwear were with the length of the beginning of roll over from the heel to the metatarsal area was equal to 55% of the foot length, shoe heel height of 4.5 cm, angle of lifting toes of 20 degrees (p < 0.05). Combination of those footwear conditions resulted in increase of pain-free walking distance by 39 %. Conclusion The results showed the potential of the applied system of video analysis for designing orthopaedic footwear.

Animal models of human disease provide an in vivo system that can reveal molecular mechanisms by which mutations cause pathology, and, moreover, have the potential to provide a valuable tool for drug development. Here, we have developed a zebrafish model of Parkinson's disease (PD) together with a novel method to screen for movement disorders in adult fish, pioneering a more efficient drug-testing route. Mutation of the PARK7 gene (which encodes DJ-1) is known to cause monogenic autosomal recessive PD in humans, and, using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, we generated a Dj-1 loss-of-function zebrafish with molecular hallmarks of PD. To establish whether there is a human-relevant parkinsonian phenotype in our model, we adapted proven tools used to diagnose PD in clinics and developed a novel and unbiased computational method to classify movement disorders in adult zebrafish. Using high-resolution video capture and machine learning, we extracted novel features of movement from continuous data streams and used an evolutionary algorithm to classify parkinsonian fish. This method will be widely applicable for assessing zebrafish models of human motor diseases and provide a valuable asset for the therapeutics pipeline. In addition, interrogation of RNA-seq data indicate metabolic reprogramming of brains in the absence of Dj-1, adding to growing evidence that disruption of bioenergetics is a key feature of neurodegeneration. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.

Over 95% of hip fractures in older adults are caused by falls, yet only 1% to 2% of falls result in hip fracture. Our current understanding of the types of falls that lead to hip fracture is based on reports by the faller or witness. We analyzed videos of real‐life falls in long‐term care to provide objective evidence on the factors that separate falls that result in hip fracture from falls that do not. Between 2007 and 2018, we video‐captured 2377 falls by 646 residents in two long‐term care facilities. Hip fracture was documented in 30 falls. We analyzed each video with a structured questionnaire, and used generalized estimating equations (GEEs) to determine relative risk ratios (RRs) for hip fracture associated with various fall characteristics. All hip fractures involved falls from standing height, and pelvis impact with the ground. After excluding falls from lower than standing height, risk for hip fracture was higher for sideways landing configurations (RR = 5.50; 95% CI, 2.36–12.78) than forward or backward, and for falls causing hip impact (3.38; 95% CI, 1.49–7.67). However, hip fracture risk was just as high in falls initially directed sideways as forward (1.14; 95% CI, 0.49–2.67), due to the tendency for rotation during descent. Falling while using a mobility aid was associated with lower fracture risk (0.30; 95% CI, 0.09–1.00). Seventy percent of hip fractures involved impact to the posterolateral aspect of the pelvis. Hip protectors were worn in 73% of falls, and hip fracture risk was lower in falls where hip protectors were worn (0.45; 95% CI, 0.21–0.99). Age and sex were not associated with fracture risk. There was no evidence of spontaneous fractures. In this first study of video‐captured falls causing hip fracture, we show that the biomechanics of falls involving hip fracture were different than nonfracture falls for fall height, fall direction, impact locations, and use of hip protectors. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Residents in long-term care (LTC) are at high risk for falls, and falls in LTC often result in impact to the head, with clinical consequences that may be challenging to detect. We examined whether the survival of LTC residents associates with falls and fall-related head impacts. Prospective cohort study. This study was conducted in 2 Vancouver-area LTC homes where falls were captured on video from surveillance cameras. A total of 232 participants (133 females, 99 males) experienced at least 1 fall captured on video, among whom 84% (n = 194) died between January 2011 and January 2020. The mean age at death was 86.5 (SD = 8.5) years, and the mean survival time after enrollment to this study was 3.8 (SD = 2.1) years. Univariable and multivariable models were used to determine how survival time depended on the rate of falls (falls per 365 days), the percentage of falls on video involving head impact, sex, age at death, and baseline physical and cognitive status. On average, participants experienced 6.2 (SD = 7.0) falls per 365 days, and 36.9% (SD = 36.3) of video-captured falls resulted in head impact. In multivariable analyses, an increase of 1 fall per 365 days resulted in a 4.2% higher risk of death [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.042, 95% CI 1.023-1.062, P <.001]. A 1% increase in falls involving head impact resulted in an 0.5% higher risk of death (HR 1.005, 95% CI 1.001-1.010, P =.015). Participants who experienced head impact in all video-captured falls had a 50% higher risk for death than those who always avoided head impact. Survival in LTC is associated with the rate of falls and percentage of falls involving head impact. Improved efforts are required to prevent falls in LTC, and reduce the frequency and consequences of head impacts during falls (eg, through compliant flooring). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a positive experience regarding the investigation of a bizarre traffic accident.. Thanks to the efficient communication between county police departments, something which seemed to be a crime committed with brutality, turned out to be the result of a traffic accident, with evidence spread over the territory of two neighboring counties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lecture capture use has increased in recent years. Research shows that staff and students view capture differently, but their views on the practice of opting-in and out has not been investigated previously, even though this element of practice can be specified in institutional policy and governance. Focus groups revealed that staff were unclear on issues around consent and both groups i) felt staff should determine whether to capture their lectures, although students felt opting-out should require approval from senior staff and ii) recognised the need to communicate in advance about capture provision. Survey data showed the two groups differed in policy preference, with student's preferring Opt-out and staff wanting Opt-in, and in terms of whether approval should be needed to opt-out. However, there were similarities with both groups believing impact on lecture content was the most acceptable reason to opt-out and, if approval was needed, that this should be at the department level. While significant differences exist in how staff and students perceive opting in and out of capture, there is common ground which should inform the wider debate around the use of lecture capture. Furthermore, the current research identifies key issues on which staff and students should be consulted when introducing lecture capture such as consent and reasoning for use or non-use. Consultation on these topics may result in a policy more appealing to both groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Purpose: Qualitative analysis has its limitations as the speed of human movement often occurs more quickly than can be comprehended. Digital video allows for frame-by-frame analysis, and therefore likely more effective interventions for gait dysfunction. Although the use of digital video outside laboratory settings, just a decade ago, was challenging due to cost and time constraints, rapid use of smartphones and software applications has made this technology much more practical for clinical usage.Case Description: A 35-year-old man presented for evaluation with the chief complaint of knee pain 24 months status-post triple arthrodesis following a work-related crush injury. In-clinic qualitative gait analysis revealed gait dysfunction, which was augmented by using a standard IPhone® 3GS camera. After video capture, an IPhone® application (Speed Up TV®,https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/speeduptv/id386986953?mt=8) allowed for frame-by-frame analysis. Corrective techniques were employed using in-clinic equipment to develop and apply a temporary heel-to-toe rocker sole (HTRS) to the patient’s shoe.Outcomes: Post-intervention video revealed significantly improved gait efficiency with a decrease in pain. The patient was promptly fitted with a permanent HTRS orthosis. This intervention enabled the patient to successfully complete a work conditioning program and progress to job retraining.Discussion: Video allows for multiple views, which can be further enhanced by using applications for frame-by-frame analysis and zoom capabilities. This is especially useful for less experienced observers of human motion, as well as for establishing comparative signs prior to implementation of training and/or permanent devices. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

GIFT-Grab is an open-source API for acquiring, processing and encoding video streams in real time. GIFT-Grab supports video acquisition using various frame-grabber hardware as well as from standard-compliant network streams and video files. The current GIFT-Grab release allows for multi-channel video acquisition and encoding at the maximum frame rate of supported hardware – 60 frames per second (fps). GIFT-Grab builds on well-established highly configurable multimedia libraries including FFmpeg and OpenCV. GIFT-Grab exposes a simplified high-level API, aimed at facilitating integration into client applications with minimal coding effort. The core implementation of GIFT-Grab is in C++11. GIFT-Grab also features a Python API compatible with the widely used scientific computing packages NumPy and SciPy. GIFT-Grab was developed for capturing multiple simultaneous intra-operative video streams from medical imaging devices. Yet due to the ubiquity of video processing in research, GIFT-Grab can be used in many other areas. GIFT-Grab is hosted and managed on the software repository of the Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC) at University College London, and is also mirrored on GitHub. In addition it is available for installation from the Python Package Index (PyPI) via the pip installation tool. Funding statement: This work was supported through an Innovative Engineering for Health award by the Wellcome Trust [WT101957], the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) [NS/A000027/1] and a National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre UCLH/UCL High Impact Initiative. Sébastien Ourselin receives funding from the EPSRC (EP/H046410/1, EP/J020990/1, EP/K005278) and the MRC (MR/J01107X/1). Luis C. García-Peraza-Herrera is supported by the EPSRC-funded UCL Centre for Doctoral Training in Medical Imaging (EP/L016478/1).