Search

More than 5000 shells (more than half of them with soft tissues) belonging to the caenogastropod family Rissoidae have been found in samples from several expeditions carried out in the outer continental shelf and slope off Galicia (Northwest Spain) in the depth range 100–2700 m. They belong to 9 genera and 23 species, two of them described as new for science: Alvania candasae sp. nov. and Alvania xelae sp. nov. The most abundant species in the samples were Obtusella macilenta (Monterosato, 1880) and Alvania testae (Aradas & Maggiore, 1844), followed by Alvania cimicoides (Forbes, 1844), Alvania jeffreysi (Waller, 1864) and Gofasia thalassae (Bouchet & Warén, 1993) comb. nov., which is proposed to be assigned to the genus Gofasia instead of Frigidoalvania. Five of the species are typically from upper shelf of which only few empty shells were found (Alvania cancellata, Crisilla semistriata, Manzonia crassa, Onoba semicostata) and their presence in the samples studied was considered accidental. Taxonomic complexity involving the species Alvania electa (Monterosato, 1874), Pseudosetia amydralox Bouchet & Warén, 1993 and Pusillina inconspicua (Alder, 1844) are highlighted.

A new species of dorid nudibranch, Doris adrianae sp. nov. is described, from the Ría de Ferrol (NW Iberian Peninsula) on rocky bottoms, between 11 and 20 m deep, where the sponge Polymastia boletiformis (Lamarck, 1815) on which it feeds is common. The new species is oval-shaped and yellow to yellow-orange in colour, with the back covered by rounded tubercles of various sizes, reinforced by tegumentary spicules. It is characterised by numerous integumentary and fusiform calcareous spicules, mainly grouped in multispicular bundles that give it a complex and very dense skeletal structure, giving the animal great consistency without losing flexibility. In addition, it differs from other known species of the genus Doris Linnaeus, 1758 by various external and internal characters, mainly by the colouring and tubercles of the body, characters of the radula and of the digestive and reproductive systems. Doris adrianae sp. nov. also presents a marked genetic distance in the barcode fragment (cox1-5') with other species of the genus Doris.

It is proposed to name the Atlantic holothuria Psolidium complanatum Cherbonnier, 1969, whose denomination is already occupied by Psolidium complanatum (Semper, 1867) from the Philippines, as Psolidium bathygalego nom. nov. 843 specimens of Psolidium bathygalego nom. nov., collected between 417 and 1191 m deep in the NW and W of Galicia and in the Galicia Bank, were studied. A detailed description of the external and internal anatomy of Psolidium bathygalego nom. nov. is made by studying the ossicles and the skeletal structure by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as well as the introvert, calcareous ring, retractor muscles, water-vascular system, digestive system, respiratory trees, and reproductive system by means of micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). The habitat, feeding system, and geographical distribution of Psolidium bathygalego nom. nov. are also described.

This paper reports the southernmost record of Camacho faroensis Myers, 1998 (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Aoridae) from samples collected at the continental slope (Ferrol Canyon) off the NW Iberian Peninsula during the DIVA-Artabria I expeditions. This species was initially described from the Faroe Islands but type specimens are incomplete and lack relevant features (e.g., antenna 1, pereopod 5). Therefore, a detailed redescription and drawings are provided based on examination of the type series and the new material collected. To date, the genus Camacho Stebbing, 1888 is composed of three species being C. faroensis as the only one reported so far from the Northern Hemisphere. This species is characterized by the following characters: absence of eyes, cephalic lobes reduced, presence of two ventral spines on peduncle article 1 distal margin of antenna 1, presence of spines (stout setae) on pereopods 5–7, reduced inner rami of uropod 3, and lacking distal setae. A key for all recognized species of the genus is also included.

The family Pruvotinidae (Mollusca, Solenogastres, Cavibelonia) includes 34 species, six of which are present in hard bottoms off Galicia (NW Iberian Peninsula). In this study, three-dimensional (3D) anatomical reconstruction techniques were applied for the study of four species of the family present in Galician waters: Pruvotina artabra, Gephyroherpia impar, Luitfriedia minuta and Unciherpia hirsuta. Histology and 3D rendering in this study were carried out with Avizo 6.3 software and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). New morphological and anatomical data are provided. The 3D reconstruction techniques used, which are based on histological sections, offer a slightly distorted view of the anatomy, but allow a better understanding of the relative situation of the organs. Micro-CT provides less information than histological reconstruction, but offers an excellent 3D anatomical view and allows the specimens to be preserved intact. With the new specimens collected, new data on their distribution and bathymetry are provided.

Prochaetoderma Thiele, 1902 is a genus of the class Caudofoveata under constant review, with several classifications and synonymizations of species. This genus is represented off the Iberian Peninsula by seven species, among which Prochaetoderma iberogallicum Salvini-Plawen (Iberus 17(2):77–84, 1999) and Prochaetoderma boucheti Scheltema and Ivanov (J Molluscan Stud 66(3):313-362, 2000) can be found. Both species are anatomically very similar and difficult to differentiate. Thanks to the study of new specimens collected in several oceanographic expeditions carried out off Galicia (NW Iberian Peninsula) and their comparison with the type series of both species, their taxonomical status is clarified and their anatomical study is also completed in terms of body morphology, buccal shield and typology of sclerites.

A wide variety of marine mineral deposits were recovered from 750 to 1400 m water depths on Galicia Bank, Iberian margin. Mineral deposits include: (1) carbonate fluorapatite phosphorite slabs and nodules that replaced limestone and preserved original protolith fabric. (2) Ferromanganese vernadite crusts with high Mn and Fe (Mn/Fe = 1) contents, and thick stratabound layers consisting mainly of Mn (up to 27% MnO) and Fe (15% Fe2O3), which impregnated and replaced the phosphorite. (3) Co-rich Mn nodules are composed of romanechite and todorokite laminae. Mn-rich layers (up to 58% MnO) contain up to 1.8% Co. (4) Goethite nodules with Fe up to 67% Fe2O3 have low Mn and trace metals. We interpret this mineralization paragenesis to be related to major changes in oceanographic and tectonic regimes. Three phosphatization generations formed hardgrounds dated by 87Sr/86Sr isotopes as late Oligocene, early Miocene, and latest early Miocene. During the latest early Miocene, the hardground was fractured and breached due to regional intraplate tectonism, which was coeval with a widespread regional erosional unconformity. The stratabound layers and Co-rich manganese nodules were derived from low-temperature geothermally driven hydrothermal fluids, with fluid conduits along reactivated faults. During middle and late Miocene, the introduction of vigorous deep water flow from the Arctic generated growth of hydrogenetic ferromanganese crusts. Finally, growth of diagenetic Fe-rich nodules (late Pliocene) was promoted by the introduction of hypersaline Mediterranean Outflow Water into the Atlantic Ocean.

A new species of Porifera collected at the Ría de Ferrol (NW Iberian Peninsula), Mycale (Aegogropila) antiae sp. nov., is described. The sponge is apricot-coloured with small sulphur-yellow spots, comprised of one or more conical or cylindrical massive bases, each with a single apical osculum. Long, more or less branched digitiform ramifications emerge from these bases, with one or two oscula in high position. The ectosomal skeleton consists of bundles of interwoven mycalostyles forming a triangular or polygonal tangential reticulation. The choanosomal skeleton shows longitudinal axial tracts, with fan-like feathered plurispicular bundles perpendicular to the surface of the sponge. It is characterized by presenting only mycalostyles as megascleres and three categories of palmate anisochelae as microscleres, the larger forming rosettes, microxeas in dragmata and thin raphides, ornamented at both ends by a fine spine, and grouped in numerous trichodragmata clustered in the subectosomal yellow spots. This paper is registered in Zoobank under: http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:2D668985-001B-4681-8C45-1DA0F804A7F1

The present study reports on new data on the biodiversity of the family Simrothiellidae (Solenogastres, Cavibelonia) in the upper slope off the Artabro Gulf (NW Galicia/ NW Iberian Peninsula), based on the study of 65 specimens collected at nine stations of the expeditions DIVA-Artabria I (2002 and 2003), in water depths between 598 and 1191 m. The investigation has resulted in the identification of new specimens of Kruppomenia borealis and Simrothiella cf. margaritacea, and in the discovery of three species new to science, Kruppomenia bulla sp. nov., Kruppomenia vitucoi sp. nov. and Adoryherpia megaradulata sp. nov. The species are described, illustrated and taxonomically compared with other taxa of the family. A comparative table of the main specific characters of the species belonging to the genus Kruppomenia is also provided. The presence of a thick cuticle in Adoryherpia megaradulata sp. nov. modifies the diagnosis of Adoryherpia. The biogeographical implications are considered.

The morphology and internal anatomy of the caudofoveate Falcidens vasconiensis Salvini-Plawen, 1996, are described and a 3D reconstruction of its anatomy is made with the program AVIZO 6.3.1. The detailed body shape, additional sclerite types, digestive system, and nervous system of F. vasconiensis are described for the first time. The nine specimens studied here were collected off the NW Iberian Peninsula between 150 and 600 m depth during the expeditions DIVA-Artabria I 2002 and 2003, Vertidos 2004, and A Selva 2008.

18 pages, 14 figures, We report, for first time, the occurrence of cold-water coral mounds and large number of living Lophelia reefs along the Galicia Bank (Atlantic NW Iberian margin). Detection and mapping of living coral reefs and mounds have been carried out by means of multibeam bathymetry, backscatter images, ultra-high resolution and high-resolution multichannel seismic reflection data and sampling. In addition, profiling CTDs have been made to characterise environmental conditions as temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen contents of the coral sites. Based on these dataset, two main provinces of cold-water coral mounds and reefs have been identified in the Galicia Bank at water depths between 620 and 1125. m. The Breogham Mound Province along the western flank of the Galicia Bank shows a sequence of well-developed mounds composed of: (1) Stepped semi-buried elongated mounds, the tallest mounds with heights up 70. m and widths of 450. m lined up in along-slope trending ridges and intercalated with upslope migrating sediment drifts at water depths from 1125 to 826. m; (2) Single and composite seabed mounds show heights of 10-12. m and average widths of 100. m at 825 and 780. m water depths and (3) Lophelia reefs forming mini-mounds 2-4. m high and 80-100. m width growing on a flat erosional surface at the summit of the bank at 780-750. m water depths. Otherwise, the Castelao Mound Province at the eastern flank of the bank is mainly constituted by cluster of mini-mounds hosting living Lophelia pertusa and Madrepora oculata reefs. These living reefs are detected based on ultra-high resolutions parametric echosounders as mini-mounds with an acoustically transparent interior. Otherwise, semi-buried and exposed mounds are mapped with a combination of multibeam and backscatter images identified by their high strength values and seabed expression. We conclude that the initiation, growth and distribution of cold-water coral mounds on the Galicia Bank have been controlled by the following environmental forcing factors: (i) water masses with a potential density resulted of the turbulent boundary between the Mediterranean Outflow and the intermediate Atlantic water masses which allowed the transport of coral larvae along the NE Atlantic margins (ii) the formation of a hard substrate, possibly related to subsurface fluid flow, necessary for the initial settle of coral larvae and (iii) the turbulences created by the Mediterranean flow impinging the topography of the bank creating suitable currents that favour intrusion of the nutrient afflux from the Atlantic mass waters to deep waters allowing to coral colonies to growth. © 2014 Elsevier B.V., This research was supported by the Projects ERGAP (VEM 2003- 20093-CO3), DIVA-ARTABRIA, CONTOURIBER (CTM2008-06399) and SUBVENT (CGL2012-39524-C02)

The family Leptopontiidae comprises a group of harpacticoid copepods typically inhabiting marine interstitial habitats, but some species are known from brackish water, and other species are found in freshwater interstitial habitats. To date, seven species of Leptopontia Scott, 1902 have been described from North European coasts, the Mediterranean Sea, Galapagos and the Atlantic shelf of North America. In the present contribution, a new species of Leptopontia is described from the coast of Galicia (north-west Iberian Peninsula), Leptopontia ferrolensis sp. nov. The new species can easily be distinguished from its congeners by: the presence in the telson of a median spinous process that is flanked by two large processes (exceeding in size the median one), its large body size as compared with the other species of the genus, a pointed triangular rostrum with postero-lateral margins protruding near the base, the dense pattern of integumental pits, the setation of A1 and maxilla, and the ornamentation of P1–P4....

The family Pruvotinidae (Solenogastres, Cavibelonia) includes thirty species of fifteen genera grouped in five subfamilies. These subfamilies are defined by the combination of the presence or absence of hollow hook-shaped sclerites, the presence or absence of a dorsopharyngeal gland and the type of ventrolateral foregut glandular organs: type A, type C or circumpharyngeal. In this paper, three new species of the family Pruvotinidae are described: Pruvotina artabra n. sp. and Gephyroherpia impar n. sp. from NW Spain, and Pruvotina manifesta n. sp. from Antarctic Peninsula. These new descriptions increase the global knowledge of Solenogastres biodiversity.

During the expedition ‘Me48/1 DIVA 1’, carried out in the abyssal Angola Basin between 5125 and 5415 m depth, several specimens of Solenogastres were collected. Their study has made it possible to describe three new species of the genusKruppomenia(K. angolensissp. nov.,K. glandulatasp. nov. andK. macrodenticulatasp. nov.) with very significant differences in their radular apparatus, reproductive system and pallial cavity. The absence of radular sacs inK. glandulatasp. nov. modifies the genus definition.

A new genus and two new species of Mollusca Solenogastres belonging to the family Simrothiellidae are described here: Spiomenia pusilla sp. nov. and Adoryherpia serrata gen. et sp. nov., collected from muddy sediment during the expedition DIVA 1 Me48/1 carried out in the Abyssal Angola Basin, at depths from 5100 to 5500 m.

DIVA 1 is the first in a series of expeditions dedicated to the study of benthic diversity in the deep sea of the Atlantic Ocean. On RV “Meteor” we collected samples along a transect of about 700 km in the Angola Basin. The collection of Porifera from this expedition is composed of 50 specimens or in some cases pieces of specimens collected at depths between 5162 and 5460 m. This work concerns only carnivorous sponges of which we collected 16 specimens belonging to four species. Here we describe three new species: Chondrocladia levii sp. nov., C. vaceleti sp. nov., and C. nicolae sp. nov.; we also found another species, C. cf. guiteli Topsent, 1904 recorded for the first time from a very far abyssal basin (NW of the Galician coast). The main distinctive features of the three new species are the anchorate isochelae categories, the number of teeth on each, and the presence/absence of sigmas; C. levii has three unguiferous isochelae classes with 5, 5, and 9–10 teeth, respectively; C. vaceleti has two unguiferous isochelae classes with three teeth each; C. nicolae has only one unguiferous isochelae category with three teeth. The habitus of C. nicolae (orange in colour) is also very different from that of most of the known Chondrocladia species.

A new tryblidian species, Laevipilina cachuchensis, is described from a depth of 580-600 m on 'El Cachucho' Bank (Asturias, north Spain). This resembles the three described species of Laevipilina McLean, 1979, differing mainly in shell characters (height/length ratio, apex position, size of prisms forming prismatic layer, relative size and arrangement of insertion areas of dorsoventral muscles), and details of radular morphology. Two living specimens (1.9 and 1.6 mm in length) were found on ferromanganese laminar nodules. The digestive content is of organic particles, sediment and fragments of foraminiferans and radiolarians. © The Malacological Society of London 2005, all rights reserved.

Caudofoveata are vermiform, aplacophoran molluscs with reduced foot and a mantle covered with calcareous sclerites. Most Caudofoveata live at great depths mainly burrowing in muddy bottoms. They are usually damaged during their collection, thus the iconography available is incomplete, except for the patterns of the sclerites. A sample of Scutopus robustus was collected during the oceanographic expedition MASPROGAL 2013, carried out by the EBMG-USC, on the bottoms of polymetallic nodules and corals of the NW Iberian Peninsula at a depth of 600–700 m (43°48,000’N, 8°51,760’W). S. robustus is a rare species recorded for the first time in this geographic area, which confirms the suspicions of Salvini-Plawen and Garcia-Alvarez (2014) about its presence off the Iberian Peninsula; so far, it has only been found off Norway, Iceland, northern England, southwest Ireland and the western Mediterranean Sea (Salvini-Plawen 1970; Ivanov and Scheltema 2001, Salvini-Plawen and Garcia-Alvarez 2014). Specimen: 5 mm long × 0.25–0.5 mm wide. White in 70% ethanol. Postoral buccal shield slightly flanking the mouth. Three body regions (Fig. 1a): anterium, trunk and tassel, covered in sclerites lying longitudinally on the mantle. Anterium (Fig. 1b), with flat, smooth, lanceolate sclerites (40–70 μm long × 15–30 μm wide) and truncated base (Fig. 1e, f). Trunk narrowing in its medial region (Fig. 1c), with two types of sclerites: first type lanceolate (80–130 × 25–45 μm) with smooth waist, truncated base with slight notch and reinforced apical end of the blade (Fig. 1g–j) on the first part of the trunk; second type (100–150 × 20–50 μm) like the first but with a round base (Fig. 1k, l) at the end of the trunk. Tassel bell-shaped (Fig. 1d) with two types of sclerites: first type lanceolate (150–200 × 30–40 μm) with slight waist and round base longer than the blade (Fig. 1m); second type acicular (180–220 × 10–15 μm) and smooth (Fig. 1n). The iconography of S. robustus is scarce, and only two low-quality photographs of the habitus and some drawings of the sclerites are known (Salvini-Plawen 1970, 1972, 1975). The detailed photographs of the habitus and sclerites under and optical microscope and SEM presented in this paper are the first for this species. The studied specimen differs from those already described (Salvini-Plawen 1970, 1972, 1975), as the small, triangular sclerites described from the anterior part were not observed, probably due to the strong contraction of the anterior part, and the acicular sclerites of the tassel are longer than those of previous descriptions. The fact that the trunk Communicated by P. Martinez Arbizu

The class Solenogastres (sensu Salvini-Plawen, 1967) includes approximately 270 described species, 30% of which can be found off the Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts of Europe. From the Iberian Peninsula, 36 species are known, and six are cited from the Southern Peninsula from Gorringe Bank to Cabo de Gata. The results of a study of a collection of 81 specimens are presented here. Solenogastres were collected from seafloors off the South Iberian Peninsula during three expeditions: DEEPER [Desarrollo de Estudios de Ecosistemas de Profundidad bajo un Enfoque interdisciplinar] 0409, INDEMARES [Inventario y designación en la Red Natura 2000 en áreas marinas del Estado Español]/Chica 0610–0211 and INDEMARES/Alborán 0911. Analysis of the collected solenogaster specimens resulted in the discovery of a new species, which is described here as Alexandromenia avempacensis sp. nov, along with the identification of four already known species: Unciherpia hirsuta, which had not been reported from the South of the Peninsula before and Neomenia carinata, Anamenia gorgonophila and Dorymenia sarsii, whose presence in this area was already known. New anatomical and ecological data regarding these species are also provided. The anatomical reconstruction of the anterior and posterior body ends of Neomenia carinata is presented in addition to a more detailed and extensive description of its copulatory spicules. A broader and more complete description of the sclerites of this species is also provided. The study of the habitus, hard parts and histological sections of Dorymenia sarsii points towards a synonymy between D. sarsii and D. tortilis. Ecological data related to the accompanying fauna and the type of substratum for each species described is also provided., SI

The genus Trachytedania Ridley, 1881 (Porifera: Poecilosclerida), includes those tedaniidae sponges characterized by the presence of acanthostyles. To date, only five species of the genus Trachytedania have been described of which only three actually belong to this genus. Other species described as Tedania could be considered as Trachytedania because of the presence of acanthostyles in their skeletons. Some authors propose retaining Trachytedania as a subgenus of Tedania because of its skeletal structure. In this work, a taxonomic revision and consideration of the validity of the genus is provided. The morphology and anatomy of Trachytedania ferrolensis sp. nov. from the Ría de Ferrol (Spain, north-east Atlantic) are described in detail, and the types of the three valid species described as Trachytedania to date: Trachytedania spinata, Trachytedania patagonica and Trachytedania biraphidora are studied. A key to this genus is provided.

During the expedition CANGREXO I, a new species of Solenogastres: Sputoherpia galliciensis n. sp. was collected in Galicia, Northwest Spain. It is characterized by its thick cuticle without keel or lumps, and by hollow, acicular spicules; the pedal groove has five folds in the initial area, three cover almost the entire extension and the one on the final stretch enters into the palliai cavity. The glandular organ duct of the pharynx has three branches; the monoserial radula has two large mediolateral denticles, two lateral denticles and 6 central denticles, of which the four in the middle are very small. The midgut has thick, pleated walls, lateral constrictions and an anterior caecum; there is one pair of seminal receptacles; the spawning ducts fuse and the unpaired duct leads into a papilla in the center of the palliai cavity; there is one terminal sense organ. Until now, members of the genus Sputoherpia had been collected in Antarctic waters only.

This paper describes two new species from the genus Dorymenia (Mollusca: Solenogastres: Proneomeniidae): D. hesperidesi sp. nov. and D. menchuescribanae sp. nov., collected during the Spanish oceanographic expeditions for the study of Antarctic benthos, BENTART'94 and BENTART'95, carried out in the area of the Livingston Island (South Shetland Islands, Antarctica). A comparative study of main specific characteristics of species belonging to the genus Dorymenia found off the South Shetland Islands and in the Bransfield Strait (Antarctica), is also included.

During the Spanish oceanographic expedition BENTART '95, carried out in Antarctic waters off Livingston Island (South Shetland Islands), five small specimens of a new species of Solenogastres-Cavibelonia, Dorymenia troncosoi sp. nov., were collected at a depth of 65–240 m on a silt bottom. The species is characterized by the presence of a pallial cavity with four pouches (a dorsal, two lateral and a ventral pouch), seminal receptacles that open into the spawning ducts through a short duct, radula having 9–11 teeth per row (1 central and 4–5 lateral, all the same size), the end of the copulatory spicules having a cross-section in the shape of a four-pointed star, and abdominal spicules present. These characteristics separate this species from other species of the genus, particularly from Dorymenia profunda, which is the most similar.

This paper reviews the taxomonic status of Lumbrineris hibernica (McIntosh) which is recorded for the first time from the Iberian Peninsula. Its inclusion in the genus Abyssoninoe Orensanz and its relation with the other members of this recently erected genus, characterized by the shape of the maxilla IV, the antero-posterior variation of the hooded hooks and morphology of the parapodia, are discussed. Lumbrineris pseudo-fragilis Amoureaux, L. scopa scopa Fauchald and L. scopa aequilobata Winsnes are included as junior synonyms. The geographical distribution and ecological preferences of the species are presented.

During the expedition Me48/1 DIVA 1 in the Abyssal Angola Basin, a small collection of Solenogastres was collected. In this article, a new genus and two new species, Lophomenia dorsocaeca sp. nov. and Abyssoherpia ctenata gen et sp. nov., collected at depths of 5390-5415 m, which present some characters that complete the diagnoses of several supra- generic taxa, are described.

Various morphological measurements were made on a total of 197 specimens of Eunice vittata from Ria de Ferrol (Galicia, NW Spain). For each specimen the morphological features studied were: first setiger with subacicular hooks, uniramous branchiae, and biramous branchiae; width of the 10th setiger; and, for entire specimens, preserved body length and total number of setigers. Multivariate analysis (PCA) indicates that body size explains the variability of width, length, number of setigers and first occurrence of subacicular hooks. Occurrence of biramous branchiae, while showing a correlation with other varying features, is highly variable, associated with size-independent factors. The relative growth of E. vittata is allometric. Increase in number of setigers prevails in the initial growth stages, but gradually the increase in size of existing segments contributes more and more to the increase in body size, first by the increase of segment length and finally by the increase of segment width.

Departamento de Bioloxia Animal, Facultade de Bioloxia, Universidade de Santiago, 15706 Santiago deCompostela, SpainABSTRACTA new species of the genus Pseudovermis collected onthe coast of Galicia (Spain), P. artabrensisnew species,is presented. The external morphology and internalanatomy is described, and it is compared with all theknown species of the genus. An updated key of the 14known species of the genus Pseudovermis is given.

Solenogastres are a small class of vermiform Mollusca that present a mantle with calcareous sclerites and a ventral pedal groove. During the expedition Me48/1 DIVA 1, carried out in the abyssal Angola Basin between 5100-5500 m depth, several specimens of Solenogastres were collected. Their study has made possible to describe two new species and a new genus of the family Acanthomeniidae Salvini-Plawen, 1978, whose anatomical features have caused the modification of the family definition. Key works: Solenogastres, Mollusca, Acanthomeniidae, abyssal Angola Basin, systematics

This paper presents the description of a new species of the genus Calma (Alder & Hancock, 1855). To date only one valid species, Calma glaucoides (Alder & Hancock, 1854), has been assigned to this genus, which feeds exclusively upon eggs of littoral teleost fishes. New morphological and ecological data, and review of the literature on the species attributed to this genus, lead us to conclude that there are two distinct species previously put together under the same specific name. Calma gobioophaga new species is described based upon consistent morphological differences, such as the diameter and position of the eyes, the size of the propodial tentacles, and the size of the metanefridium. Whereas Calma gobioophaga feeds on spawn of Gobius niger, Calma glaucoides feeds on eggs of Lepadogaster lepadogaster, Lepadogaster purpurea, Lepadogaster candollei, Parablennius gattorugine, and Parablennius pilicornis. Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia - FCT info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

During the expeditions FAUNA IBERICA II and CANGREXO I off the coast of the Iberian peninsula, eighteen specimens of Luitfriedia minuta gen. et sp. nov., were collected in Galicia (NW Spain). The new species, which belongs to the sub-family Eleutheromeniinae of the family Pararrhopaliidae, is characterized by a thick cuticle with hollow, acicular and hooked spicules; a pedal groove with one fold that does not enter the pallial cavity; the absence of a radula and a radular sac rudimentary; no dorsal pharyngeal gland; the ventral foregut glandular organs belong to the type A (according to Salvini- plawen, 1978); the midgut is devoid of a dorsal caecum; the posterior-most sole glands are enlarged and the unpaired genital orifice has a muscular sphincter. There are no copulatory and abdominal spicules; ten to twelve respiratory folds are present. The features of the new species are discussed and compared with those of other species of the subfamily.

Caudofoveata is a class of vermiform molluscs with bilateral symmetry and circular transverse section. There are at least 135 described species of Caudofoveata. Fourteen species have been reported from the coast of the Iberian Peninsula, four of which belong to the family Chaetodermatidae. Of these four species, three are endemic to the Mediterranean Sea and one to the NW Iberian Peninsula. The Chaetodermatidae specimens studied were collected off the NW Iberian Peninsula during several expeditions. Four new species of Caudofoveata are described from the NW Iberian Peninsula. They belong to the family Chaetodermatidae, one of them to the genus Chaetoderma and three to Falcidens. Chaetoderma galiciense sp. nov. has a body divided in 5 regions: anterior, neck, trunk, tail and tassel, each region is covered by typical sclerites. Falcidens urgorrii sp. nov. has a narrow body divided in four regions: anterior, neck, trunk and tassel, each region covered by typical sclerites, and a radula bears a pair of teeth and two pairs of lateral supports. Falcidens garcialvarezi sp. nov. has a body with four regions, each body region covered by characteristic sclerites. The radula bears a pair of falciform teeth, a long and narrow radular cone, a triangular central plate and a pair of lateral supports. Falcidens valdubrensis sp. nov. has a short body divided in four regions, each of which covered by characteristic sclerites; the radula bears two falciform teeth.The four new species described herein increase the number of known described species of Caudofoveata to 138. Thus, the Iberian Peninsula becomes one of the best known areas in the world. Also, the first species of the genus Chaetoderma from the Iberian Peninsula is described. This paper is registered in Zoobank under: http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:628A29EE-B45D-4D1A-8955-F84FEDAD9013 This communication is a contribution to the following projects carried out by the Estación de Bioloxía Mariña da Graña from the Universidade de Santiago de Compostela: PGIDT01PXI20008PR, PGIDIT05PXIC20001P, PGIDIT07PXB000120PR, A Selva-08 and ForSaGal-09 (Xunta de Galicia, Regional Government); VEM2003-20070-C04-04, CGL2004-22429-E and CTM2004-00740 (MEC, Spanish Government) SI

During the sampling expeditions of the project FAUNA IBERICA, 14 specimens of a new species and genus of Solenogastres, Unciherpia hirsuta, were collected from the Banco de Galicia (NW Spain) (42°42� 22� N‐42°43� 00� N; 11°47� 52� W‐11°45� 47� W) found on the coral Madrepora oculata (Linnaeus, 1758) at 760‐769 m. depth. This new species is characterized by a body of 10.8 mm in length by 1.3 mm in width, without keel or lumps. Spicules are of four types: long, straight with a harpoon tip; acicular, slightly, curved with a serrated end; acicular and slightly sigmoid; and hooked with a sharp tip over the hook and the proximal end sigmoid-shaped. The mouth opening lies in the atrium; the ventral groove has one fold that does not enter the pallial cavity; there are 16 follicular glands encircling the pharynx and opening into it; there is a pair of short rostral caecum; one dorsoterminal sense organ; and eight respiratory folds. The creation of a new subfamily Unciherpiinae, of the family Pararrhopalidae is proposed to classify the new genera Unciherpia. This new sub-family is diagnosed by the hooked spicules and follicular glands around the pharynx.

[Abstract] Contributions to the taxonomy and autoecology of annelids from the iberian peninsula: polychaetes of the ría de Ferrol.- As a result of a wide project guided to characterize the fauna and flora of the Ría de Ferrol (Galicia, NW Spain), we present in this work 12 species of polychaetous annelids from the intertidal area and sublitoral infaunal benthos, of this ría. Phyllodoce Iongipes Kinberg, 1866 and Octobranchus lingulatus (Grube, 1866) are recorded for the first time in the littoral of the Iberian Peninsula. Harmothoe nigra Alaejos, 1905 for the first time after its original description and Vermiliopsis striaceps (Grube, 1862) for the first time in the Atlantic coasts of Spain. The juvenile stages of Marphysa belli (Audouin & Milne-Edwards, 1833) and M. sanguinea (Montagu, 1815) often attributed to other eunicid species, are described. Finally, for six species with a scarce knowledge in our waters, we make some precisions about their morphology and ecology : Phyllodoce groenlandica Oersted, 1843, Paranaitis kosteriensis (Malmgren, 1867), Harmothoe antilopes Mclntosh, 1876, H. ljungmani (Malmgren, 1867), H. longisetis (Grube, 1863) and Gyptis capensis (Day, 1963). [Résumé] Dans le cadre d’un vaste projet d'étude bionomique de la Rfa de Ferrol (NW de l'Espagne, Galice), 12 espèces d'Annélides Polychètes de l'endofaune bentique infralittorale, méritent de etenir l'attention. Phyllodoce longipes Kinberg, 1866 et Octobranchus lingulatus (Grube. 1866) sont deux espèces nouvelles pour le littoral ibérique, tandis que Vermiliopsis striaceps (Grube. 1862), déjà connue de Méditerranée est nouvelle pour le littoral atlantique. Harmothoe nigra Alaejos, 1905 est récoltée pour la seconde fois depuis sa description originale. Les phases juvéniles de Marphysa belli (A udouin & Milne-Edwards, 1833) et M. sanguinea (Montagu, 1815), espèces souvent confondues avec d'autres polychètes Eunicidae, sont décrites. Enfin quelques précisions morphologiques et écologiques sont fournies pour 6 espèces rarement signalées sur le littoral ibérique: Phyllodoce groenlandica Oersted, 1843, Paranaitis kosteriensis (Malmgren, 1867), Harmothoe antilopes Mclntosh, 1876, H. ljungmani (Malmgren, 1867), H. longisetis (Grube, 1863) and Gyptis capensis (Day, 1963). Comisión Interdepartamental de Ciencia y Tecnología de Galicia; XUGA 80310988