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The results of many years of archival search and research work in the federal archives of Russia made it possible to find specific documents that canshed light on the unpublished pages of the personalized history of Russian counterintelligence. The purpose of the article is to reveal new facets of professional competence and previously unheard characteristics of outstanding counterintelligence officers and investigators of the Russian Empire. To implement the author's intention, the following methods of historical knowledge were used: actualization, retrospective, descriptive, biographical analysis, generalization of independent characteristics, deduction, content analysis. The achieved conclusions and deductions helped to get closer to a complete picture of the historical and psychological profile of the «cloak and dagger knights», who functioned mainly in the territory of the Privislinsky region (and later in the Active Army) before and during the First World War. The results of the research conducted in this article can be used in research and teaching activities on the history of domestic state security agencies.

During this study, the resistivity of electrically conductive structures 3D-printed via fused filament fabrication (FFF) was investigated. Electrical resistivity characterisation was performed on various structural levels of the whole 3D-printed body, starting from the single traxel (3D-printed single track element), continuing with monolayer and multilayer formation, finalising with hybrid structures of a basic nonconductive polymer and an electrically conductive one. Two commercial conductive materials were studied: Proto-Pasta and Koltron G1. It was determined that the geometry and resistivity of a single traxel influenced the resistivity of all subsequent structural elements of the printed body and affected its electrical anisotropy. In addition, the results showed that thermal postprocessing (annealing) affected the resistivity of a standalone extruded fibre (extruded filament through a printer nozzle in freefall) and traxel. The effect of Joule heating and piezoresistive properties of hybrid structures with imprinted conductive elements made from Koltron G1 were investigated. Results revealed good thermal stability within 70 °C and considerable piezoresistive response with a gauge factor of 15–25 at both low 0.1% and medium 1.5% elongations, indicating the potential of such structures for use as a heat element and strain gauge sensor in applications involving stiff materials and low elongations.

Thermodynamics of irretrievable processes of transfer of energy and mass of matter is the special scientific direction, which examines equalition of the second principle of thermodynamics as starting mathematical model for balance of energy and mass of matter in the elementary volume of the thermodynamics system during it cooperating with an environment. In accordance with positions of thermodynamics of irretrievable processes motive forces of processes of transfer of warmth and mass of matter are by vectors and according to principle Curie their fully possible combination, id est force which predetermines stream of thermal energy can to entail a mass stream and back to front. The closed thermodynamics heat-resistant system which interchanges thermal energy and mass of components with an environment is examined. The noted process is limited by absence of convective constituent of process of transfer in the system. The volume of the system does not change during a diffusive transfer and by treason of enthalpy in the system, as by the result of treason of thermal energy and concentration of mass, it is possible to neglect. The mathematical design of diffusive transfer of thermal energy and mass of components in the thermodynamics heatresistant system at presence of and to absence of cross effects is executed.

The increase of water and sediment runoff in the Arctic significantly impacts the contemporary morphology of polar river channels fingerprinting climate change. This study focuses on the behaviour of non-cohesive riverbed sediments in the estuary section of the great Arctic river. We conducted a field study in the Kolyma River (Saha-Yakutia) and identified specific bed forms which form "holes" with similar depths of up to 25 - 27 m, with steep slopes with an inclination of 50° to 85°. Using field data and extended bathymetry maps, we created, calibrated and validated a high-resolute 2D morphological model. A few simulation scenarios for estimating bedform dimensions are examined to assess the ability to predict bedform parameters (length and depth) in a non-cohesive bed river. The relationship between bedform geometry (depth and the length of bedforms) and flow parameters, including shear velocity, and transport stage parameters, is investigated.The study was conducted under Trans-National Access from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 project INTERACT, under grant agreement No 730938, acronym: KolymaSed, title: “Assessment of sediment fluxes in the lower Kolyma River System, Siberia, Russia”., The 28th IUGG General Assembly (IUGG2023) (Berlin 2023)

In this paper, we investigated the interaction of nanosecond pulsed-periodic infrared (IR) laser radiation at a 50 and 500 Hz repetition rate with aerosol platinum (Pt) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles agglomerates obtained in a spark discharge. Results showed the complete transformation of Pt dendrite-like agglomerates with sizes of 300 nm into individual spherical nanoparticles directly in a gas flow under 1053 nm laser pulses with energy density 3.5 mJ/cm2. Notably, the critical energy density required for this process depended on the size distribution and extinction of agglomerates nanoparticles. Based on the extinction cross-section spectra results, Ag nanoparticles exhibit a weaker extinction in the IR region in contrast to Pt, so they were not completely modified even under the pulses with energy density up to 12.7 mJ/cm2. The obtained results for Ag and Pt laser sintering were compared with corresponding modification of gold (Au) nanoparticles studied in our previous work. Here we considered the sintering mechanisms for Ag, Pt and Au nanoparticles agglomerates in the aerosol phase and proposed the model of their laser sintering based on one-stage for Pt agglomerates and two-stage shrinkage processes for Au and Ag agglomerates.

This article presents the Geometry Information System (Geometry IS) developed in a configurable manner for use in all the NICA experiments. The general object model and the architecture of the Geometry Database (Geometry DB) are designed and described in detail. The information system contains Central (based on PostgreSQL) and Local (SQLite replica) Geometry Databases. The Central DB is accessible through the Apache Web server and ensures all the functionality for geometry manipulation. The Local Database as part of the ROOT-based frameworks of the NICA experiments is used mostly for loading detector geometries in simulation, reconstruction and physics analysis tasks. Common application programming interfaces and a Web interface are developed. The first one is implemented as a set of user macros with necessary functions, the Web service provides a graphical interface for viewing and editing geometry data of the experiment. A configuration installation system is created for the Geometry IS initialization and deployment. Users of the experiments can immediately start filling the database with the geometry of the detectors via the Web interface after initialization.

We showed earlier that, when aggregating network traffic measurements, starting from a certain aggregation window, a stable distribution is formed, which is approximated with a high accuracy by a lognormal law. Despite the fact that, in general, the results of network traffic measurements agree with this law, in the region of the small values of traffic intensity and transmission rate of network packets, there is a noticeable discrepancy between this law and the measurements. In this study, we discuss the problem of a peak arising in the low-intensity region during the aggregation of network traffic measurements. Taking into account the location of the peak in question, we called it the “zero channel” (ZC)

A simple and efficient trigger for selecting the rare $${J \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {J \psi }} \right. \kern-0em} \psi } \to {{\mu }^{ + }}{{\mu }^{ - }}$$ events in the CBM experiment is proposed. The trigger fully relies on the signals from coordinate detectors of the MUCH muon system.

This paper is devoted to the development of mathematical models of exhaustion process of extracted mineral resources. Our new model combines the advantages of previous models and is devoid of their disadvantages. The model uses the transition of the growth rate of extraction of mineral resource to stationary value. The initial known parameters of the model include the explored residual volume of the mineral resource, the initial volume of its extraction, the initial growth rate of its extraction, and the indicator of decreasing rate of extraction growth. The model is applied using the example of predicted extraction and exhaustion of natural uranium.

The large amount of the DNA- and RNA-binding protein regulatory factors contain Zn-domains. Total six Zn-CysHis factor families with different functions were considered. Among them the transcription factors of family PF00096, complex type Zn-Cys2His2, is the most important because it includes over 340.000 members of 365.000 total members listed at present in the Zn-containing factor families. The role of electrostatic potential of Zn-domains in the structure and function of factors from different factor families has been considered. We have shown that the positive electrostatic potential of Zn-domains plays an essential role in forming contact of factors' Zn-domains with DNA/RNA in three protein factor families PF00096, PF12874, and PF09329. While in other three families PF03119, PF08996, and PF01258 Zn-domains do not contact with nucleic acids, and electrostatic interactions do not play a distinctive role, consequently.

Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.

The goal of this study is to answer the main question left unanswered by the authors of work [1]: which law do the statistical distributions of aggregated traffic measurements obey? It has been shown that the distributions that can be approximated with high accuracy by a lognormal or by a sum of two lognormal distributions, depending on the observation period, are formed when traffic measurements are aggregated.

The redox transformations in a conducting polymer film on a platinum electrode were studied by Raman spectroelectrochemistry at fixed potentials depending on the incidence angle of the laser beam. Raman scattering was excited with a laser at a wavelength of 532 nm. Polyaniline (PANI) and its complex with poly-2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (PAMPSA) were used as a conducting polymer. The polymer films were deposited by potentiostatic electropolymerization. By varying the incidence angle of the beam it is possible to obtain a Raman spectrum without the bands of the substrate overlapping with the characteristic bands of the polymer to minimize the substrate effect on the interpretation of the results. A comparative study of the electrochemical oxidation/reduction of the PANI films taking into account the detected angular dependence showed that, unlike the PANI films obtained in the presence of hydrochloric acid, the films of the PANI-PAMPSA complex retained the radical cation state of PANI in the range of the cathodic potentials. The reason for this is the presence of a nonconductive polymer acid phase in the PANI-PAMPSA film, as a result of which the percolation threshold of the conducting domains of PANI appears at less cathodic potentials, hindering further extraction of the positive charge during the film reduction. In addition, the use of this approach can significantly improve the accuracy of determination of the threshold potential of the leucoemeraldine-emeraldine transition.

The problem of the reconstruction of a multivariable function whose values with chaotic errors are given at a finite number of points is considered in the paper. The problems of this kind arise when solving applied problems in various fields of research, including physics, engineering, economics, etc. We propose a new approach for solving this problem with the help of a metric analysis. The paper gives numerical two examples of the solution of the problem of the reconstruction of multivariable function, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. In the first example, the results of estimating the exact value of the function at the points where the values of the function with errors are known, in the second example, the results of reconstructing the physical characteristics of the core of a nuclear reactor are presented.

Introduction: Nowadays it is nebulous how much matter is delivered by the largest rivers into the Arctic ocean and how much sediments are eroded by bank and watershed erosion. Thus, these ...

The stability of choosing the decommissioning option for objects of atomic energy use (OAEU) is analyzed. An algorithm for studying changes in the factor values due to variations in the OAEU characterization parameters is described. Numerical examples are presented which implement the proposed schemes for calculating indicators, determining the most preferable options of OAEU decommissioning, and analyzing the stability of the decision of choosing the OAEU decommissioning option with possible factor values.

This paper considers the problem of separating the trend and the chaotic component of chaotic time series in the absence of information on the characteristics of the chaotic component. Such a problem arises in nuclear physics, biomedicine, and many other applied fields. The scheme has two stages. At the first stage, smoothing linear splines with different values of smoothing parameter are used to separate the “trend component.” At the second stage, the method of least squares is used to find the unknown variance σ2 of the noise component.

The mouse factor Zif268, known also as early growth response protein EGR-1, is a classical representative for the Cys2His2 transcription factor family. It is required for binding the RNA polymerase with operator dsDNA to initialize the transcription process. We have shown that only in this family of total six Zn-finger protein families the Zn complex plays a significant role in the protein-DNA binding. Electrostatic feature of this complex in the binding of factor Zif268 from Mus musculus with operator DNA has been considered. The factor consists of three similar Zn-finger units which bind with triplets of coding DNA. Essential contacts of the factor with the DNA phosphates are formed by three conservative His residues, one in each finger. We describe here the results of calculations of the electrostatic potentials for the Zn-Cys2His2 complex, Zn-finger unit 1, and the whole transcription factor. The potential of Zif268 has a positive area on the factor surface, and it corresponds exactly to the binding sites of each of Zn-finger units. The main part of these areas is determined by conservative His residues, which form contacts with the DNA phosphate groups. Our result shows that the electrostatic positive potential of this histidine residue is enhanced due to the Zn complex. The other contacts of the Zn-finger with DNA are related to nucleotide bases, and they are responsible for the sequence-specific binding with DNA. This result may be extended to all other members of the Cys2His2 transcription factor family.

In this paper we have developed a methodology for the medium-term prediction of daily volumes of passenger traffic in the Moscow metro. It includes three options for the forecast: (1) based on artificial neural networks (ANNs), (2) singular-spectral analysis implemented in the Caterpillar–SSA package, and (3) a combination of the ANN and Caterpillar–SSA approaches. The methods and algorithms allow the mediumterm forecasting of passenger traffic flows in the Moscow metro with reasonable accuracy.

The paper describes the current state of the Geometry Database (Geometry DB) for the CBM experiment. The main purpose of this database is to provide convenient tools for: (1) managing the geometry modules; (2) assembling various versions of the CBM setup as a combination of geometry modules and additional files. The CBM users of the Geometry DB may use both GUI (Graphical User Interface) and API (Application Programming Interface) tools for working with it.

The FAIR accelerator complex currently under construction at GSI (Darmstadt, Germany) will house the CBM experiment to be run by a large international collaboration, including JINR, Dubna. One of its priorities is the investigation of charmonium formation in high-energy nucleus–nucleus collisions. Charmonium decays such as J/ψ → μ+μ- will be reconstructed in real time. We propose a fast algorithm for reconstructing the trajectories of muons from the J/ψ decays in the MUCH detector.

Exposure to violence has been shown to negatively affect mental health and well-being. The goal of this Facebook-based study was to describe the rates of exposure to violence in a sample of Russian adults and to assess the impact of these experiences on subjective well-being and victimization-related psychological distress. Three types of victimization were assessed: physical assault by a stranger, physical assault by someone known to victim, and nonconsensual sexual experiences. The 5-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5) was used to assess subjective well-being, and Primary Care PTSD Screen (PC-PTSD) was employed as an indicator of victimization-related psychological distress. Data were obtained from 6,724 Russian-speaking Facebook users. Significant levels of lifetime victimization were reported by the study participants. Lifetime physical assault by a stranger, physical assault by someone known to victim, and sexual assault were reported by 56.9%, 64.2%, and 54.1% of respondents, respectively. Respondents exposed to violence were more likely to report posttraumatic stress symptoms and lower levels of subjective well-being. Participants who were exposed to at least one type of violence were more likely to experience symptoms of traumatic stress ( U = 1,794,250.50, p < .001, d = 0.35). Exposure to multiple forms of violence was associated with more severe traumatic stress symptoms ( rs = .257, p < .001). Well-being scores were significantly lower among participants exposed to violence ( t = 8.37, p < .001, d = 0.31). The study demonstrated that violence exposure is associated with reduced well-being among Russian adults. Our findings highlight the negative impact of violence exposure on subjective well-being and underscore the necessity to develop programs addressing violence exposure in Russian populations.

The results of a study of some ways to improve spectroscopy characteristics of the CdZnTe quasi-hemispherical detectors when working in high gamma radiation fluxes are presented. It was shown that the use of IR illumination with a wavelength of 1050 nm or 1200 nm or at slight warm-up of the detector to +30°C … +40°C can significantly improve spectroscopy performance of the CdZnTe detectors of size 3.5 mm × 3.5 mm × 1.75 mm when operating in a tested gamma-radiation field with a dose rate up to 590 mGy/h.

Polyaniline (PANI) films were prepared by electrochemical polymerization of aniline on Pt-electrode in aqueous medium in the presence of polymeric sulfonic acids distinguished by different flexibility of the polymer chain: (1) poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid) (PAMPSA, flexible chain); (2) poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid) (PSSA, flexible chain), (3) poly-4,4′-(2,2′-disulfoacid)-diphenylene-iso-phthalamide (i-PASA, semi-rigid chain); and (4) poly-4,4′-(2,2′-disulfoacid)-diphelylene-tere-phthalamide (t-PASA, rigid chain). Raman spectroelectrochemical studies using 532 nm laser excitation were carried out in aqueous HCl. The conventional HCl-doped PANI films were also studied for comparison. The results allowed one to distinguish the potential-dependent vibrations belonging to PANI and potential-independent vibrations belonging to the polyacids. In addition, amide C=O vibration was separated in the spectra by comparing the results for amide-containing (PAMPSA, i-PASA, and t-PASA) and amide-free (PSSA) PANI-polyacid complexes. The films of PANI-polyacid complexes demonstrated increased content of radical cation moieties at low potentials compared to PANI–HCl films.

Conditions that allow obtaining stable aqueous dispersions based on conducting polymer, polyaniline, as a result of aniline polymerization in the solution of polymeric acid at its twofold excess were determined. The electrical and optical properties of polianiline obtained under these conditions remain invariable during at least 2 years due to the absence of aggregation of conducting polymer particles that are separated by macromolecules of polymeric acid. Data obtained by EPR spectroscopy, SEM, UV–visible spectroscopy, and IR spectroscopy prove these results.

Nowadays, there are no techniques or software making it possible to simulate the high strains of shells under the combined complex loadings of internal pressure and torsion in the generalized axisymmetrical formulation. These problems are inherent for the experimental investigations of elastoplastic properties of metals and alloys on tubular samples. In this paper, we present the variation–difference method for solving similar problems with taking into consideration high strains and the conditions of an inhomogeneous stress–strain state. We conduct the numerical and experimental studies of the process of elastoplastic deformation and plastic strain localization under the combined loadings of internal pressure and torsion. The mutual influence of torsion on the shell forming under high strains is estimated. The loss of stability with axisymmetric and non-axisymmetric forms is analyzed by 2D and 3D modeling. The simulations results are finally validated by experiments.

Composites of polymers with conjugated chain structures, polyaniline and polypyrrole, are used as sorbents for human and bird flu viruses. Sorption properties of the composites are compared to characteristics of the initial polymers. It is shown that polymer composites containing metallic silver nanoparticles possess sorption activity, similarly to their composites with polyethylene and the initial polyaniline and polypyrrole. The introduction of silver into polypyrrole resulted in an enhancement of the sorption activity as compared to that of the initial polymer. Nontoxic metal—polymer composites reduce considerably the concentrations of human flu viruses A(H1N1), A(H3N2), and B and bird flu virus A(H5N2) with different structures of surface virion proteins in aqueous media at a sorbent concentration of 10–20 mg/mL in the temperature range from +4 to 37°C.

The search for short-lived particles is usually the final stage in the chain of event reconstruction and precedes event selection when operating in online mode or physics analysis when operating in offline mode. Most often such short-lived particles are neutral and their search and reconstruction is carried out using their daughter charged particles resulting from their decay. The use of the missing mass method makes it possible to find and analyze also decays of charged short-lived particles, when one of the daughter particles is neutral and is not registered in the detector system. One of the most known examples of such decays is the decay Σ− → nπ−. In this paper, we discuss in detail the missing mass method, which was implemented as part of the KF Particle Finder package for the search and analysis of short-lived particles, and describe the use of the method in the STAR experiment (BNL, USA). The method was used to search for pion (π± → μ±ν) and kaon (K± → μ±ν and K± → π±π0) decays online on the HLT farm in the express production chain. An important feature of the express production chain in the STAR experiment is that it allows one to start calibration, production, and analysis of the data immediately after receiving them. Here, the particular features and results of the real-time application of the method within the express processing of data obtained in the BES-II program at a beam energy of 3.85 GeV/n when working with a fixed target are presented and discussed.

The scientific goal of the CBM (Compressed Baryonic Matter) experiment at FAIR (Darmstadt) is to explore the phase diagram of strongly interacting matter at highest baryon densities. The physics program of the CBM experiment is complimentary to the programs to be realized at MPD and BMN facilities at NICA and will start with beam derived by the SIS100 synchrotron. The results of JINR participation in the development of different sub-projects of the CBM experiment are presented.

The HADES collaboration uses the e+e−production as a probe of the resonance matter produced in collisions at incident energies of 1-3.5 GeV/nucleon at GSI. Elementary reactions provide useful references for these studies and give information on resonance Dalitz decays (R→Ne+e−). Such processes are sensitive to the structure of time-like electromagnetic baryon transitions in a kinematic range where (off-shell) vector mesons play a crucial role. Results obtained in proton-proton reactions and in a commissioning pion-beam experiment are reported and prospects for future pion beam experiments and for first hyperon Dalitz decay measurements are described. The connection with the investigations of medium effects to be continued with HADES in the next years at SIS18 and SIS100 is also discussed.

Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.