Author: "Vicini, Piero" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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1. APEIRON: composing smart TDAQ systems for high energy physics experiments

Author: Ammendola, Roberto, Biagioni, Andrea, Chiarini, Carlotta, Ciardiello, Andrea, Cretaro, Paolo, Frezza, Ottorino, Cicero, Francesca Lo, Lonardo, Alessandro, Martinelli, Michele, Paolucci, Pier Stanislao, Rossi, Cristian, Simula, Francesco, Turisini, Matteo, and Vicini, Piero
Subjects: Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: APEIRON is a framework encompassing the general architecture of a distributed heterogeneous processing platform and the corresponding software stack, from the low level device drivers up to the high level programming model. The framework is designed to be efficiently used for studying, prototyping and deploying smart trigger and data acquisition (TDAQ) systems for high energy physics experiments., Comment: Under review in Journal of Physics: Conference Series (ACAT 2022)
Published: 2023

2. RED-SEA Project: Towards a new-generation European interconnect

Author: Gomez, Maria Engracia, Sahuquillo, Julio, Biagioni, Andrea, Chrysos, Nikos, Berton, Damien, Frezza, Ottorino, Lo Cicero, Francesca, Lonardo, Alessandro, Martinelli, Michele, Paolucci, Pier Stanislao, Pastorelli, Elena, Simula, Francesco, Turisini, Matteo, Vicini, Piero, Ammendola, Roberto, Chiarini, Carlotta, De Luca, Chiara, Capuani, Fabrizio, Castelló, Adrián, Duro, Jose, Stabile, Eugenio, Quintana, Enrique, Bernier-Bruna, Pascale, Chen, Claire, Lagadec, Pierre-Axel, Pichon, Gregoire, Walter, Etienne, Katevenis, Manolis, Bartzis, Sokratis, Mousouros, Orestis, Xirouchakis, Pantelis, Mageiropoulos, Vangelis, Gianioudis, Michalis, Loukas, Harisis, Ioannou, Aggelos, Kallimanis, Nikos, de la Rosa, Miguel Sanchez, Gomez-Lopez, Gabriel, Alfaro-Cortés, Francisco, Sahuquillo, Jesus Escudero, Garcia, Pedro Javier, Quiles, Francisco J., Sanchez, Jose L., De Gassowski, Gaetan, Hautreaux, Matthieu, Mathieu, Stephane, Moreau, Gilles, Perache, Marc, Taboada, Hugo, Hoefler, Torsten, Schneider, Timo, Barnaba, Matteo, Brandino, Giuseppe Piero, De Giorgi, Francesco, Poggi, Matteo, Mavroidis, Iakovos, Papaefstathiou, Yannis, Tampouratzis, Nikolaos, Kalisch, Benjamin, Krackhardt, Ulrich, Nuessle, Mondrian, Frings, Wolfang, Gottwald, Dominik, Guimaraes, Felime, Holicki, Max, Marx, Volker, Muller, Yannik, Clauss, Carsten, Falter, Hugo, Huang, Xu, Barillao, Jennifer Lopez, Moschny, Thomas, and Pickartz, Simon
Published: 2024
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3. Real-time cortical simulations: energy and interconnect scaling on distributed systems

Author: Simula, Francesco, Pastorelli, Elena, Paolucci, Pier Stanislao, Martinelli, Michele, Lonardo, Alessandro, Biagioni, Andrea, Capone, Cristiano, Capuani, Fabrizio, Cretaro, Paolo, De Bonis, Giulia, Cicero, Francesca Lo, Pontisso, Luca, Vicini, Piero, and Ammendola, Roberto
Subjects: Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing, Computer Science - Neural and Evolutionary Computing, Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition
Abstract: We profile the impact of computation and inter-processor communication on the energy consumption and on the scaling of cortical simulations approaching the real-time regime on distributed computing platforms. Also, the speed and energy consumption of processor architectures typical of standard HPC and embedded platforms are compared. We demonstrate the importance of the design of low-latency interconnect for speed and energy consumption. The cost of cortical simulations is quantified using the Joule per synaptic event metric on both architectures. Reaching efficient real-time on large scale cortical simulations is of increasing relevance for both future bio-inspired artificial intelligence applications and for understanding the cognitive functions of the brain, a scientific quest that will require to embed large scale simulations into highly complex virtual or real worlds. This work stands at the crossroads between the WaveScalES experiment in the Human Brain Project (HBP), which includes the objective of large scale thalamo-cortical simulations of brain states and their transitions, and the ExaNeSt and EuroExa projects, that investigate the design of an ARM-based, low-power High Performance Computing (HPC) architecture with a dedicated interconnect scalable to million of cores; simulation of deep sleep Slow Wave Activity (SWA) and Asynchronous aWake (AW) regimes expressed by thalamo-cortical models are among their benchmarks., Comment: 8 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables, submitted after final publication on PDP2019 proceedings, corrected final DOI. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1812.04974, arXiv:1804.03441
Published: 2018
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4. Large Scale Low Power Computing System - Status of Network Design in ExaNeSt and EuroExa Projects

Author: Ammendola, Roberto, Biagioni, Andrea, Capuani, Fabrizio, Cretaro, Paolo, De Bonis, Giulia, Cicero, Francesca Lo, Lonardo, Alessandro, Martinelli, Michele, Paolucci, Pier Stanislao, Pastorelli, Elena, Pontisso, Luca, Simula, Francesco, and Vicini, Piero
Subjects: Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing, Computer Science - Hardware Architecture, Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture
Abstract: The deployment of the next generation computing platform at ExaFlops scale requires to solve new technological challenges mainly related to the impressive number (up to 10^6) of compute elements required. This impacts on system power consumption, in terms of feasibility and costs, and on system scalability and computing efficiency. In this perspective analysis, exploration and evaluation of technologies characterized by low power, high efficiency and high degree of customization is strongly needed. Among the various European initiative targeting the design of ExaFlops system, ExaNeSt and EuroExa are EU-H2020 funded initiatives leveraging on high end MPSoC FPGAs. Last generation MPSoC FPGAs can be seen as non-mainstream but powerful HPC Exascale enabling components thanks to the integration of embedded multi-core, ARM-based low power CPUs and a huge number of hardware resources usable to co-design application oriented accelerators and to develop a low latency high bandwidth network architecture. In this paper we introduce ExaNet the FPGA-based, scalable, direct network architecture of ExaNeSt system. ExaNet allow us to explore different interconnection topologies, to evaluate advanced routing functions for congestion control and fault tolerance and to design specific hardware components for acceleration of collective operations. After a brief introduction of the motivations and goals of ExaNeSt and EuroExa projects, we will report on the status of network architecture design and its hardware/software testbed adding preliminary bandwidth and latency achievements.
Published: 2018
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5. The Brain on Low Power Architectures - Efficient Simulation of Cortical Slow Waves and Asynchronous States

Author: Ammendola, Roberto, Biagioni, Andrea, Capuani, Fabrizio, Cretaro, Paolo, De Bonis, Giulia, Cicero, Francesca Lo, Lonardo, Alessandro, Martinelli, Michele, Paolucci, Pier Stanislao, Pastorelli, Elena, Pontisso, Luca, Simula, Francesco, and Vicini, Piero
Subjects: Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing, Computer Science - Neural and Evolutionary Computing, Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition
Abstract: Efficient brain simulation is a scientific grand challenge, a parallel/distributed coding challenge and a source of requirements and suggestions for future computing architectures. Indeed, the human brain includes about 10^15 synapses and 10^11 neurons activated at a mean rate of several Hz. Full brain simulation poses Exascale challenges even if simulated at the highest abstraction level. The WaveScalES experiment in the Human Brain Project (HBP) has the goal of matching experimental measures and simulations of slow waves during deep-sleep and anesthesia and the transition to other brain states. The focus is the development of dedicated large-scale parallel/distributed simulation technologies. The ExaNeSt project designs an ARM-based, low-power HPC architecture scalable to million of cores, developing a dedicated scalable interconnect system, and SWA/AW simulations are included among the driving benchmarks. At the joint between both projects is the INFN proprietary Distributed and Plastic Spiking Neural Networks (DPSNN) simulation engine. DPSNN can be configured to stress either the networking or the computation features available on the execution platforms. The simulation stresses the networking component when the neural net - composed by a relatively low number of neurons, each one projecting thousands of synapses - is distributed over a large number of hardware cores. When growing the number of neurons per core, the computation starts to be the dominating component for short range connections. This paper reports about preliminary performance results obtained on an ARM-based HPC prototype developed in the framework of the ExaNeSt project. Furthermore, a comparison is given of instantaneous power, total energy consumption, execution time and energetic cost per synaptic event of SWA/AW DPSNN simulations when executed on either ARM- or Intel-based server platforms.
Published: 2018
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6. Gaussian and exponential lateral connectivity on distributed spiking neural network simulation

Author: Pastorelli, Elena, Paolucci, Pier Stanislao, Simula, Francesco, Biagioni, Andrea, Capuani, Fabrizio, Cretaro, Paolo, De Bonis, Giulia, Cicero, Francesca Lo, Lonardo, Alessandro, Martinelli, Michele, Pontisso, Luca, Vicini, Piero, and Ammendola, Roberto
Subjects: Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing, Computer Science - Neural and Evolutionary Computing, Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition
Abstract: We measured the impact of long-range exponentially decaying intra-areal lateral connectivity on the scaling and memory occupation of a distributed spiking neural network simulator compared to that of short-range Gaussian decays. While previous studies adopted short-range connectivity, recent experimental neurosciences studies are pointing out the role of longer-range intra-areal connectivity with implications on neural simulation platforms. Two-dimensional grids of cortical columns composed by up to 11 M point-like spiking neurons with spike frequency adaption were connected by up to 30 G synapses using short- and long-range connectivity models. The MPI processes composing the distributed simulator were run on up to 1024 hardware cores, hosted on a 64 nodes server platform. The hardware platform was a cluster of IBM NX360 M5 16-core compute nodes, each one containing two Intel Xeon Haswell 8-core E5-2630 v3 processors, with a clock of 2.40 G Hz, interconnected through an InfiniBand network, equipped with 4x QDR switches., Comment: 9 pages, 9 figures, added reference to final peer reviewed version on conference paper and DOI
Published: 2018
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7. Towards EXtreme scale technologies and accelerators for euROhpc hw/Sw supercomputing applications for exascale: The TEXTAROSSA approach

Author: Agosta, Giovanni, Aldinucci, Marco, Alvarez, Carlos, Ammendola, Roberto, Arfat, Yasir, Beaumont, Olivier, Bernaschi, Massimo, Biagioni, Andrea, Boccali, Tommaso, Bramas, Berenger, Brandolese, Carlo, Cantalupo, Barbara, Carrozzo, Mauro, Cattaneo, Daniele, Celestini, Alessandro, Celino, Massimo, Colonnelli, Iacopo, Cretaro, Paolo, D’Ambra, Pasqua, Danelutto, Marco, Esposito, Roberto, Eyraud-Dubois, Lionel, Filgueras, Antonio, Fornaciari, William, Frezza, Ottorino, Galimberti, Andrea, Giacomini, Francesco, Goglin, Brice, Gregori, Daniele, Guermouche, Abdou, Iannone, Francesco, Kulczewski, Michal, Lo Cicero, Francesca, Lonardo, Alessandro, Martinelli, Alberto R., Martinelli, Michele, Martorell, Xavier, Massari, Giuseppe, Montangero, Simone, Mittone, Gianluca, Namyst, Raymond, Oleksiak, Ariel, Palazzari, Paolo, Paolucci, Pier Stanislao, Reghenzani, Federico, Rossi, Cristian, Saponara, Sergio, Simula, Francesco, Terraneo, Federico, Thibault, Samuel, Torquati, Massimo, Turisini, Matteo, Vicini, Piero, Vidal, Miquel, Zoni, Davide, and Zummo, Giuseppe
Published: 2022
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8. Outlines in hardware and software for new generations of exascale interconnects

Author: Ammendola Roberto, Biagioni Andrea, Chiarini Carlotta, Cretaro Paolo, Frezza Ottorino, Lo Cicero Francesca, Lonardo Alessandro, Martinelli Michele, Pastorelli Elena, Paolucci Pier Stanislao, Pontisso Luca, Rossi Cristian, Simula Francesco, and Vicini Piero
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: RED-SEA (https://redsea-project.eu/) is a European project funded in the framework of the H2020-JTI-EuroHPC-2019-1 call that started in April 2021. The goal of the project is to evaluate the architectural design of the main elements of the interconnection networks for the next generation of HPC systems supporting hundreds of thousands of computing nodes enabling the Exascale for HPC, HPDA and AI applications while providing preliminary prototypes. The main technological feature is the BXI network, originally designed and produced by ATOS (France). The plan is to integrate in the next release of the network – BXI3 – the architectural solutions and novel IPs developed within the framework of the RED-SEA project. The consortium is composed of 11 well-established research teams across Europe, with extensive experience in interconnects, including network design, deployment and evaluation. Within RED-SEA, INFN is adopting a hardware/software co-design approach to design APEnetX, a scalable interconnect prototyped on latest generation Xilinx FPGAs, adding innovative components for the improvement of the performance and resiliency of the interconnect. APEnetX is an FPGA-based, PCIe Gen3/4 network interface card equipped with RDMA capabilities being the endpoint of a direct multidimensional toroidal network and suitable for integration in the BXI environment. APEnetX design will be benchmarked on project testbeds using real scientific applications like NEST, a spiking neural network simulator.
Published: 2024
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9. APEIRON: A Framework for High Level Programming of Dataflow Applications on Multi-FPGA Systems

Author: Ammendola Roberto, Biagioni Andrea, Chiarini Carlotta, Ciardiello Andrea, Cretaro Paolo, Frezza Ottorino, Lo Cicero Francesca, Lonardo Alessandro, Martinelli Michele, Paolucci Pier Stanislao, Pontisso Luca, Simula Francesco, Rossi Cristian, Turisini Matteo, and Vicini Piero
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: High Energy Physics (HEP) Trigger and Data Acquisition systems (TDAQs) need ever increasing throughput and real-time data analytics capabilities either to improve particle identification accuracy and further suppress background events in trigger systems or to perform an efficient online data reduction for trigger-less ones. As for the requirements imposed by HEP TDAQs applications in the class of real-time dataflow processing, FPGA devices are a good fit inasmuch they can not only provide adequate compute, memory and I/O resources but also a smooth programming experience thanks to the availability of High-Level Synthesis (HLS) tools. The main motivation for the design and development of the APEIRON framework is that the currently available HLS tools do not natively support the deployment of applications over multiple FPGA devices, which severely chokes the scalability of problems that this approach could tackle. To overcome this limitation, we envisioned APEIRON as an extension of the Xilinx Vitis framework able to support a network of FPGA devices interconnected by a lowlatency direct network as the reference execution platform. Developers can define scalable applications, using a dataflow programming model inspired by Kahn Process Networks, that can be efficiently deployed on a multi-FPGAs system: the APEIRON communication IPs allow low-latency communication between processing tasks deployed on FPGAs, even if they are hosted on different computing nodes. Thanks to the use of HLS tools in the workflow, processing tasks are described in C++ as HLS kernels, while communication between tasks is expressed through a lightweight C++ API based on non-blocking send() and blocking receive() operations.
Published: 2024
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10. Impact of exponential long range and Gaussian short range lateral connectivity on the distributed simulation of neural networks including up to 30 billion synapses

Author: Pastorelli, Elena, Paolucci, Pier Stanislao, Ammendola, Roberto, Biagioni, Andrea, Frezza, Ottorino, Cicero, Francesca Lo, Lonardo, Alessandro, Martinelli, Michele, Simula, Francesco, and Vicini, Piero
Subjects: Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing, Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition, C.2.4, C.1.4
Abstract: Recent experimental neuroscience studies are pointing out the role of long-range intra-areal connectivity that can be modeled by a distance dependent exponential decay of the synaptic probability distribution. This short report provides a preliminary measure of the impact of exponentially decaying lateral connectivity compared to that of shorter-range Gaussian decays on the scaling behaviour and memory occupation of a distributed spiking neural network simulator (DPSNN). Two-dimensional grids of cortical columns composed by point-like spiking neurons have been connected by up to 30 billion synapses using exponential and Gaussian connectivity models. Up to 1024 hardware cores, hosted on a 64 nodes server platform, executed the MPI processes composing the distributed simulator. The hardware platform was a cluster of IBM NX360 M5 16-core compute nodes, each one containing two Intel Xeon Haswell 8-core E5-2630 v3 processors, with a clock of 2.40GHz, interconnected through an InfiniBand network. This study is conducted in the framework of the CORTICONIC FET project, also in view of the next -to-start activities foreseen as part of the Human Brain Project (HBP), SubProject 3 Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience, WaveScalES work-package., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Published: 2015

11. Scaling to 1024 software processes and hardware cores of the distributed simulation of a spiking neural network including up to 20G synapses

Author: Pastorelli, Elena, Paolucci, Pier Stanislao, Ammendola, Roberto, Biagioni, Andrea, Frezza, Ottorino, Cicero, Francesca Lo, Lonardo, Alessandro, Martinelli, Michele, Simula, Francesco, and Vicini, Piero
Subjects: Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing, Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition, C.2.4, C.1.4
Abstract: This short report describes the scaling, up to 1024 software processes and hardware cores, of a distributed simulator of plastic spiking neural networks. A previous report demonstrated good scalability of the simulator up to 128 processes. Herein we extend the speed-up measurements and strong and weak scaling analysis of the simulator to the range between 1 and 1024 software processes and hardware cores. We simulated two-dimensional grids of cortical columns including up to ~20G synapses connecting ~11M neurons. The neural network was distributed over a set of MPI processes and the simulations were run on a server platform composed of up to 64 dual-socket nodes, each socket equipped with Intel Haswell E5-2630 v3 processors (8 cores @ 2.4 GHz clock). All nodes are interconned through an InfiniBand network. The DPSNN simulator has been developed by INFN in the framework of EURETILE and CORTICONIC European FET Project and will be used by the WaveScalEW tem in the framework of the Human Brain Project (HBP), SubProject 2 - Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience. This report lays the groundwork for a more thorough comparison with the neural simulation tool NEST., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Published: 2015

12. Power, Energy and Speed of Embedded and Server Multi-Cores applied to Distributed Simulation of Spiking Neural Networks: ARM in NVIDIA Tegra vs Intel Xeon quad-cores

Author: Paolucci, Pier Stanislao, Ammendola, Roberto, Biagioni, Andrea, Frezza, Ottorino, Cicero, Francesca Lo, Lonardo, Alessandro, Martinelli, Michele, Pastorelli, Elena, Simula, Francesco, and Vicini, Piero
Subjects: Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing, Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition, C.2.4, C.1.4
Abstract: This short note regards a comparison of instantaneous power, total energy consumption, execution time and energetic cost per synaptic event of a spiking neural network simulator (DPSNN-STDP) distributed on MPI processes when executed either on an embedded platform (based on a dual socket quad-core ARM platform) or a server platform (INTEL-based quad-core dual socket platform). We also compare the measure with those reported by leading custom and semi-custom designs: TrueNorth and SpiNNaker. In summary, we observed that: 1- we spent 2.2 micro-Joule per simulated event on the "embedded platform", approx. 4.4 times lower than what was spent by the "server platform"; 2- the instantaneous power consumption of the "embedded platform" was 14.4 times better than the "server" one; 3- the server platform is a factor 3.3 faster. The "embedded platform" is made of NVIDIA Jetson TK1 boards, interconnected by Ethernet, each mounting a Tegra K1 chip including a quad-core ARM Cortex-A15 at 2.3GHz. The "server platform" is based on dual-socket quad-core Intel Xeon CPUs (E5620 at 2.4GHz). The measures were obtained with the DPSNN-STDP simulator (Distributed Simulator of Polychronous Spiking Neural Network with synaptic Spike Timing Dependent Plasticity) developed by INFN, that already proved its efficient scalability and execution speed-up on hundreds of similar "server" cores and MPI processes, applied to neural nets composed of several billions of synapses., Comment: 4 pages, 1 table
Published: 2015

13. EURETILE D7.3 - Dynamic DAL benchmark coding, measurements on MPI version of DPSNN-STDP (distributed plastic spiking neural net) and improvements to other DAL codes

Author: Paolucci, Pier Stanislao, Bacivarov, Iuliana, Rai, Devendra, Schor, Lars, Thiele, Lothar, Yang, Hoeseok, Pastorelli, Elena, Ammendola, Roberto, Biagioni, Andrea, Frezza, Ottorino, Cicero, Francesca Lo, Lonardo, Alessandro, Simula, Francesco, Tosoratto, Laura, and Vicini, Piero
Subjects: Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing, Computer Science - Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science, Computer Science - Mathematical Software, Computer Science - Neural and Evolutionary Computing, Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition
Abstract: The EURETILE project required the selection and coding of a set of dedicated benchmarks. The project is about the software and hardware architecture of future many-tile distributed fault-tolerant systems. We focus on dynamic workloads characterised by heavy numerical processing requirements. The ambition is to identify common techniques that could be applied to both the Embedded Systems and HPC domains. This document is the first public deliverable of Work Package 7: Challenging Tiled Applications., Comment: 34 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1310.8478
Published: 2014

14. Architectural improvements and 28 nm FPGA implementation of the APEnet+ 3D Torus network for hybrid HPC systems

Author: Ammendola, Roberto, Biagioni, Andrea, Frezza, Ottorino, Cicero, Francesca Lo, Paolucci, Pier Stanislao, Lonardo, Alessandro, Rossetti, Davide, Simula, Francesco, Tosoratto, Laura, and Vicini, Piero
Subjects: Computer Science - Hardware Architecture, Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing, Physics - Computational Physics
Abstract: Modern Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) are now considered accelerators for general purpose computation. A tight interaction between the GPU and the interconnection network is the strategy to express the full potential on capability computing of a multi-GPU system on large HPC clusters; that is the reason why an efficient and scalable interconnect is a key technology to finally deliver GPUs for scientific HPC. In this paper we show the latest architectural and performance improvement of the APEnet+ network fabric, a FPGA-based PCIe board with 6 fully bidirectional off-board links with 34 Gbps of raw bandwidth per direction, and X8 Gen2 bandwidth towards the host PC. The board implements a Remote Direct Memory Access (RDMA) protocol that leverages upon peer-to-peer (P2P) capabilities of Fermi- and Kepler-class NVIDIA GPUs to obtain real zero-copy, low-latency GPU-to-GPU transfers. Finally, we report on the development activities for 2013 focusing on the adoption of the latest generation 28 nm FPGAs and the preliminary tests performed on this new platform., Comment: Proceedings for the 20th International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP)
Published: 2013
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15. NaNet:a low-latency NIC enabling GPU-based, real-time low level trigger systems

Author: Ammendola, Roberto, Biagioni, Andrea, Fantechi, Riccardo, Frezza, Ottorino, Lamanna, Gianluca, Cicero, Francesca Lo, Lonardo, Alessandro, Paolucci, Pier Stanislao, Pantaleo, Felice, Piandani, Roberto, Pontisso, Luca, Rossetti, Davide, Simula, Francesco, Sozzi, Marco, Tosoratto, Laura, and Vicini, Piero
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: We implemented the NaNet FPGA-based PCI2 Gen2 GbE/APElink NIC, featuring GPUDirect RDMA capabilities and UDP protocol management offloading. NaNet is able to receive a UDP input data stream from its GbE interface and redirect it, without any intermediate buffering or CPU intervention, to the memory of a Fermi/Kepler GPU hosted on the same PCIe bus, provided that the two devices share the same upstream root complex. Synthetic benchmarks for latency and bandwidth are presented. We describe how NaNet can be employed in the prototype of the GPU-based RICH low-level trigger processor of the NA62 CERN experiment, to implement the data link between the TEL62 readout boards and the low level trigger processor. Results for the throughput and latency of the integrated system are presented and discussed., Comment: Proceedings for the 20th International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP)
Published: 2013
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16. Distributed simulation of polychronous and plastic spiking neural networks: strong and weak scaling of a representative mini-application benchmark executed on a small-scale commodity cluster

Author: Paolucci, Pier Stanislao, Ammendola, Roberto, Biagioni, Andrea, Frezza, Ottorino, Cicero, Francesca Lo, Lonardo, Alessandro, Pastorelli, Elena, Simula, Francesco, Tosoratto, Laura, and Vicini, Piero
Subjects: Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing, Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition, C.2.4, C.1.4
Abstract: We introduce a natively distributed mini-application benchmark representative of plastic spiking neural network simulators. It can be used to measure performances of existing computing platforms and to drive the development of future parallel/distributed computing systems dedicated to the simulation of plastic spiking networks. The mini-application is designed to generate spiking behaviors and synaptic connectivity that do not change when the number of hardware processing nodes is varied, simplifying the quantitative study of scalability on commodity and custom architectures. Here, we present the strong and weak scaling and the profiling of the computational/communication components of the DPSNN-STDP benchmark (Distributed Simulation of Polychronous Spiking Neural Network with synaptic Spike-Timing Dependent Plasticity). In this first test, we used the benchmark to exercise a small-scale cluster of commodity processors (varying the number of used physical cores from 1 to 128). The cluster was interconnected through a commodity network. Bidimensional grids of columns composed of Izhikevich neurons projected synapses locally and toward first, second and third neighboring columns. The size of the simulated network varied from 6.6 Giga synapses down to 200 K synapses. The code demonstrated to be fast and scalable: 10 wall clock seconds were required to simulate one second of activity and plasticity (per Hertz of average firing rate) of a network composed by 3.2 G synapses running on 128 hardware cores clocked @ 2.4 GHz. The mini-application has been designed to be easily interfaced with standard and custom software and hardware communication interfaces. It has been designed from its foundation to be natively distributed and parallel, and should not pose major obstacles against distribution and parallelization on several platforms., Comment: Added detailed profiling of computational and communication components. Improved speed and size of simulated networks. 15 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables
Published: 2013

17. GPU peer-to-peer techniques applied to a cluster interconnect

Author: Ammendola, Roberto, Bernaschi, Massimo, Biagioni, Andrea, Bisson, Mauro, Fatica, Massimiliano, Frezza, Ottorino, Cicero, Francesca Lo, Lonardo, Alessandro, Mastrostefano, Enrico, Paolucci, Pier Stanislao, Rossetti, Davide, Simula, Francesco, Tosoratto, Laura, and Vicini, Piero
Subjects: Physics - Computational Physics, Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing
Abstract: Modern GPUs support special protocols to exchange data directly across the PCI Express bus. While these protocols could be used to reduce GPU data transmission times, basically by avoiding staging to host memory, they require specific hardware features which are not available on current generation network adapters. In this paper we describe the architectural modifications required to implement peer-to-peer access to NVIDIA Fermi- and Kepler-class GPUs on an FPGA-based cluster interconnect. Besides, the current software implementation, which integrates this feature by minimally extending the RDMA programming model, is discussed, as well as some issues raised while employing it in a higher level API like MPI. Finally, the current limits of the technique are studied by analyzing the performance improvements on low-level benchmarks and on two GPU-accelerated applications, showing when and how they seem to benefit from the GPU peer-to-peer method., Comment: paper accepted to CASS 2013
Published: 2013

18. A heterogeneous many-core platform for experiments on scalable custom interconnects and management of fault and critical events, applied to many-process applications: Vol. II, 2012 technical report

Author: Ammendola, Roberto, Biagioni, Andrea, Frezza, Ottorino, Geurts, Werner, Goossens, Gert, Cicero, Francesca Lo, Lonardo, Alessandro, Paolucci, Pier Stanislao, Rossetti, Davide, Simula, Francesco, Tosoratto, Laura, and Vicini, Piero
Subjects: Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing, 68M10, 68M14, 68M15, B.8.1, C.1.4, C.3, C.4, C.5.1
Abstract: This is the second of a planned collection of four yearly volumes describing the deployment of a heterogeneous many-core platform for experiments on scalable custom interconnects and management of fault and critical events, applied to many-process applications. This volume covers several topics, among which: 1- a system for awareness of faults and critical events (named LO|FA|MO) on experimental heterogeneous many-core hardware platforms; 2- the integration and test of the experimental hardware heterogeneous many-core platform QUoNG, based on the APEnet+ custom interconnect; 3- the design of a Software-Programmable Distributed Network Processor architecture (DNP) using ASIP technology; 4- the initial stages of design of a new DNP generation onto a 28nm FPGA. These developments were performed in the framework of the EURETILE European Project under the Grant Agreement no. 247846., Comment: 119 pages
Published: 2013

19. 'Mutual Watch-dog Networking': Distributed Awareness of Faults and Critical Events in Petascale/Exascale systems

Author: Ammendola, Roberto, Biagioni, Andrea, Frezza, Ottorino, Cicero, Francesca Lo, Lonardo, Alessandro, Paolucci, Pier Stanislao, Rossetti, Davide, Simula, Francesco, Tosoratto, Laura, and Vicini, Piero
Subjects: Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing, Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture
Abstract: Many tile systems require techniques to be applied to increase components resilience and control the FIT (Failures In Time) rate. When scaling to peta- exa-scale systems the FIT rate may become unacceptable due to component numerosity, requiring more systemic countermeasures. Thus, the ability to be fault aware, i.e. to detect and collect information about fault and critical events, is a necessary feature that large scale distributed architectures must provide in order to apply systemic fault tolerance techniques. In this context, the LO|FA|MO approach is a way to obtain systemic fault awareness, by implementing a mutual watchdog mechanism and guaranteeing fault detection in a no-single-point-of-failure fashion. This document contains specification and implementation details about this approach, in the shape of a technical report., Comment: Technical Report, Preprint
Published: 2013

20. EURETILE 2010-2012 summary: first three years of activity of the European Reference Tiled Experiment

Author: Paolucci, Pier Stanislao, Bacivarov, Iuliana, Goossens, Gert, Leupers, Rainer, Rousseau, Frédéric, Schumacher, Christoph, Thiele, Lothar, and Vicini, Piero
Subjects: Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing, Computer Science - Hardware Architecture, Computer Science - Neural and Evolutionary Computing, Computer Science - Operating Systems, Computer Science - Programming Languages, C.1.4, C.3, B.7.2, F.2.2
Abstract: This is the summary of first three years of activity of the EURETILE FP7 project 247846. EURETILE investigates and implements brain-inspired and fault-tolerant foundational innovations to the system architecture of massively parallel tiled computer architectures and the corresponding programming paradigm. The execution targets are a many-tile HW platform, and a many-tile simulator. A set of SW process - HW tile mapping candidates is generated by the holistic SW tool-chain using a combination of analytic and bio-inspired methods. The Hardware dependent Software is then generated, providing OS services with maximum efficiency/minimal overhead. The many-tile simulator collects profiling data, closing the loop of the SW tool chain. Fine-grain parallelism inside processes is exploited by optimized intra-tile compilation techniques, but the project focus is above the level of the elementary tile. The elementary HW tile is a multi-processor, which includes a fault tolerant Distributed Network Processor (for inter-tile communication) and ASIP accelerators. Furthermore, EURETILE investigates and implements the innovations for equipping the elementary HW tile with high-bandwidth, low-latency brain-like inter-tile communication emulating 3 levels of connection hierarchy, namely neural columns, cortical areas and cortex, and develops a dedicated cortical simulation benchmark: DPSNN-STDP (Distributed Polychronous Spiking Neural Net with synaptic Spiking Time Dependent Plasticity). EURETILE leverages on the multi-tile HW paradigm and SW tool-chain developed by the FET-ACA SHAPES Integrated Project (2006-2009)., Comment: 56 pages
Published: 2013
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21. The Distributed Network Processor: a novel off-chip and on-chip interconnection network architecture

Author: Biagioni, Andrea, Cicero, Francesca Lo, Lonardo, Alessandro, Paolucci, Pier Stanislao, Perra, Mersia, Rossetti, Davide, Sidore, Carlo, Simula, Francesco, Tosoratto, Laura, and Vicini, Piero
Subjects: Computer Science - Hardware Architecture, Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture
Abstract: One of the most demanding challenges for the designers of parallel computing architectures is to deliver an efficient network infrastructure providing low latency, high bandwidth communications while preserving scalability. Besides off-chip communications between processors, recent multi-tile (i.e. multi-core) architectures face the challenge for an efficient on-chip interconnection network between processor's tiles. In this paper, we present a configurable and scalable architecture, based on our Distributed Network Processor (DNP) IP Library, targeting systems ranging from single MPSoCs to massive HPC platforms. The DNP provides inter-tile services for both on-chip and off-chip communications with a uniform RDMA style API, over a multi-dimensional direct network with a (possibly) hybrid topology., Comment: 8 pages, 11 figures, submitted to Hot Interconnect 2009
Published: 2012

22. APEnet+: high bandwidth 3D torus direct network for petaflops scale commodity clusters

Author: Ammendola, Roberto, Biagioni, Andrea, Frezza, Ottorino, Cicero, Francesca Lo, Lonardo, Alessandro, Paolucci, Pier Stanislao, Rossetti, Davide, Salamon, Andrea, Salina, Gaetano, Simula, Francesco, Tosoratto, Laura, and Vicini, Piero
Subjects: Physics - Computational Physics, Computer Science - Hardware Architecture
Abstract: We describe herein the APElink+ board, a PCIe interconnect adapter featuring the latest advances in wire speed and interface technology plus hardware support for a RDMA programming model and experimental acceleration of GPU networking; this design allows us to build a low latency, high bandwidth PC cluster, the APEnet+ network, the new generation of our cost-effective, tens-of-thousands-scalable cluster network architecture. Some test results and characterization of data transmission of a complete testbench, based on a commercial development card mounting an Altera FPGA, are provided., Comment: 6 pages, 7 figures, proceeding of CHEP 2010, Taiwan, October 18-22
Published: 2011
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23. APEnet+: a 3D toroidal network enabling Petaflops scale Lattice QCD simulations on commodity clusters

Author: Ammendola, Roberto, Biagioni, Andrea, Frezza, Ottorino, Cicero, Francesca Lo, Lonardo, Alessandro, Paolucci, Pier, Petronzio, Roberto, Rossetti, Davide, Salamon, Andrea, Salina, Gaetano, Simula, Francesco, Tantalo, Nazario, Tosoratto, Laura, and Vicini, Piero
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Lattice, Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing
Abstract: Many scientific computations need multi-node parallelism for matching up both space (memory) and time (speed) ever-increasing requirements. The use of GPUs as accelerators introduces yet another level of complexity for the programmer and may potentially result in large overheads due to the complex memory hierarchy. Additionally, top-notch problems may easily employ more than a Petaflops of sustained computing power, requiring thousands of GPUs orchestrated with some parallel programming model. Here we describe APEnet+, the new generation of our interconnect, which scales up to tens of thousands of nodes with linear cost, thus improving the price/performance ratio on large clusters. The project target is the development of the Apelink+ host adapter featuring a low latency, high bandwidth direct network, state-of-the-art wire speeds on the links and a PCIe X8 gen2 host interface. It features hardware support for the RDMA programming model and experimental acceleration of GPU networking. A Linux kernel driver, a set of low-level RDMA APIs and an OpenMPI library driver are available, allowing for painless porting of standard applications. Finally, we give an insight of future work and intended developments.
Published: 2010

24. Next generation of Exascale-class systems: ExaNeSt project and the status of its interconnect and storage development

Author: Katevenis, Manolis, Ammendola, Roberto, Biagioni, Andrea, Cretaro, Paolo, Frezza, Ottorino, Lo Cicero, Francesca, Lonardo, Alessandro, Martinelli, Michele, Paolucci, Pier Stanislao, Pastorelli, Elena, Simula, Francesco, Vicini, Piero, Taffoni, Giuliano, Pascual, Jose A., Navaridas, Javier, Luján, Mikel, Goodacre, John, Lietzow, Bernd, Mouzakitis, Angelos, Chrysos, Nikolaos, Marazakis, Manolis, Gorlani, Paolo, Cozzini, Stefano, Brandino, Giuseppe Piero, Koutsourakis, Panagiotis, Ruth, Joeri van, Zhang, Ying, and Kersten, Martin
Published: 2018
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25. Dynamic many-process applications on many-tile embedded systems and HPC clusters: The EURETILE programming environment and execution platforms

Author: Paolucci, Pier Stanislao, Biagioni, Andrea, Murillo, Luis Gabriel, Rousseau, Frédéric, Schor, Lars, Tosoratto, Laura, Bacivarov, Iuliana, Buecs, Robert L., Deschamps, Clément, El-Antably, Ashraf, Ammendola, Roberto, Fournel, Nicolas, Frezza, Ottorino, Leupers, Rainer, Lo Cicero, Francesca, Lonardo, Alessandro, Martinelli, Michele, Pastorelli, Elena, Rai, Devendra, Rossetti, Davide, Simula, Francesco, Thiele, Lothar, Vicini, Piero, and Weinstock, Jan H.
Published: 2016
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26. Search for $K^+$ decays into the $\pi^+e^+e^-e^+e^-$ final state

Author: Cortina Gil, Eduardo, Minucci, Elisa, Padolski, Sergey, Petrov, Plamen, Velghe, Bob, Bryman, Douglas, Fu, Ji, Numao, Toshio, Petrov, Yevgeniy, Wong, Vincent Wai Sum, Husek, Tomas, Kampf, Karol, Zamkovsky, Michal, Jerhot, Jan, Aliberti, Riccardo, Khoriauli, Gia, Kunze, Jonas, Lomidze, David, Marchevski, Radoslav, Peruzzo, Letizia, Vormstein, Mario, Wanke, Rainer, Cotta Ramusino, Angelo, Dalpiaz, Pietro, Fiorini, Massimiliano, Gamberini, Enrico, Gianoli, Alberto, Neri, Ilaria, Norton, Alan, Petrucci, Ferruccio, Wahl, Heinrich, Bizzeti, Andrea, Bucci, Francesca, Iacopini, Enrico, Latino, Giuseppe, Lenti, Massimo, Parenti, Andrea, Volpe, Roberta, Antonelli, Antonella, Gonnella, Francesco, Lamanna, Gianluca, Lanfranchi, Gaia, Tinti, Gemma, Martellotti, Silvia, Moulson, Matthew, Kozhuharov, Venelin, Litov, Leandar, Georgiev, Georgi, Raggi, Mauro, Spadaro, Tommaso, Ambrosino, Fabio, Fiorenza, Renato, Capussela, Tiziana, Corvino, Michele, Di Filippo, Domenico, Massarotti, Paolo, Mirra, Marco, Napolitano, Marco, Saracino, Giulio, Anzivino, Giuseppina, Imbergamo, Ermanno, Lollini, Riccardo, Santoni, Cristiano, Brizioli, Francesco, Barbanera, Mattia, Cenci, Patrizia, Checcucci, Bruno, Duk, Viacheslav, Lupi, Matteo, Pepe, Monica, Piccini, Mauro, Lubrano, Pasquale, Costantini, Flavio, Doble, Niels, Giorgi, Marcello, Giudici, Sergio, Lari, Enrico, Pinzino, Jacopo, Pontisso, Luca, Sozzi, Marco, Di Lella, Luigi, Mannelli, Italo, Cerri, Claudio, Fantechi, Riccardo, Pedreschi, Elena, Piandani, Roberto, Spinella, Franco, Biagioni, Andrea, d'Agostini, Giulio, Leonardi, Emanuele, Lonardo, Alessandro, Valente, Paolo, Vicini, Piero, Cretaro, Paolo, Turisini, Matteo, Frezza, Ottorino, Ammendola, Roberto, Bonaiuto, Vincenzo, de Simone, Nicola, Federici, Luca, Fucci, Adolfo, Salamon, Andrea, Sargeni, Fausto, Arcidiacono, Roberta, Biino, Cristina, Bloch-Devaux, Brigitte, Boretto, Marco, Filippi, Alessandra, Iacobuzio, Lorenza, Marchetto, Flavio, Menichetti, Ezio, Migliore, Ernesto, Soldi, Dario, Engelfried, Jürgen, Estrada-Tristan, Nora, Bragadireanu, Alexandru Mario, Ghinescu, Stefan Alexandru, Hutanu, Ovidiu Emanuel, Enik, Temur, Falaleev, Valeri, Kekelidze, Vladimir, Korotkova, Anna, Madigozhin, Dmitry, Misheva, Milena, Molokanova, Natalia, Movchan, Sergei, Polenkevich, Irina, Potrebenikov, Yuri, Shkarovskiy, Sergey, Zinchenko, Andrey, Baeva, Aigul, Baigarashev, Dosbol, Emelyanov, Dmitry, Fedotov, Sergei, Khotyantsev, Alexey, Gushchin, Evgeny, Kleimenova, Alina, Kudenko, Yury, Kurochka, Viktoriia, Medvedeva, Mariia, Mefodev, Aleksandr, Shaikhiev, Artur, Kholodenko, Sergey, Kurshetsov, Viktor, Obraztsov, Vladimir, Ostankov, Aleksandr, Semenov, Vitali, Sugonyaev, Valentin, Yushchenko, Oleg, Bician, Lubos, Blazek, Tomas, Cerny, Vladimir, Koval, Michal, Kucerova, Zuzana, Ceccucci, Augusto, Bernhard, Johannes, Danielsson, Hans, Döbrich, Babette, Duval, Francois, Gatignon, Lau, Guida, Roberto, Hahn, Ferdinand, Holzer, Eva Barbara, Jenninger, Berthold, Laycock, Paul, Lehmann Miotto, Giovanna, Lichard, Peter, Mapelli, Alessandro, Noy, Matthew, Palladino, Vito, Perrin-Terrin, Mathieu, Ruggiero, Giuseppe, Ryjov, Vladimir, Schuchmann, Simone, Venditti, Stefano, Brunetti, Maria Brigida, Bache, Thomas, Goudzovski, Evgueni, Henshaw, Jack, Tomczak, Adam, Lazzeroni, Cristina, Fascianelli, Valeria, Lurkin, Nicolas, Newson, Francis, Parkinson, Christopher, Romano, Angela, Sergi, Antonino, Sturgess, Andrew, Swallow, Joel, Heath, Helen, Page, Ryan, Trilov, Stoyan, Angelucci, Bruno, Britton, David, Protopopescu, Dan, Graham, Connor, Jones, Roger William Lewis, Dainton, John Bourke, Fry, John Richard, Fulton, Liam, Hutchcroft, David, Carmignani, Joseph, Massri, Karim, Maurice, Emilie, Wrona, Bozydar, Conovaloff, Adam, Cooper, Peter, Coward, David, Rubin, Philip David, Hives, Zdenko, Akmete, Atakan Tugberk, Soldani, Mattia, Bandiera, Laura, Mazzolari, Andrea, Romagnoni, Marco, Sytov, Alexei, Panichi, Ilaria, Lo Chiatto, Prisco, d'Errico, Mariaelena, Giordano, Raffaele, Briano Olvera, Alejandro, Reyes Santos, Marco Antonio, Boboc, Petre, Kereibay, Dias, Gorshanov, Konstantin, Okhotnikov, Artem, Sadovskiy, Alexander, Sanders, Jack, Kenworthy, Chandler, de Martino, Bianca, Rosa, Ilaria, Ceoletta, Marco, Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and NA62
Subjects: pair production, CERN Lab, quantum chromodynamics, axion, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], anomaly, mediation, branching ratio, hidden sector, NA62, Particle Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The first search for ultra-rare $K^+$ decays into the $\pi^+e^+e^-e^+e^-$ final state is reported, using a dataset collected by the NA62 experiment at CERN in 2017-2018. An upper limit of $1.4\times 10^{-8}$ at 90% CL is obtained for the branching ratio of the $K^+\to\pi^+e^+e^-e^+e^-$ decay, predicted in the Standard Model to be $(7.2\pm0.7)\times 10^{-11}$. Upper limits at 90% CL are obtained at the level of $10^{-9}$ for the branching ratios of two prompt decay chains involving pair-production of hidden-sector mediators: $K^+\to\pi^+aa$, $a\to e^+e^-$ and $K^+\to\pi^+S$, $S\to A^\prime A^\prime$, $A^\prime\to e^+e^-$. The QCD axion is excluded as a possible explanation of the "17 MeV anomaly"., Comment: Version to be submitted to Physics Letters B
Published: 2023

27. A hierarchical watchdog mechanism for systemic fault awareness on distributed systems

Author: Ammendola, Roberto, Biagioni, Andrea, Frezza, Ottorino, Lo Cicero, Francesca, Lonardo, Alessandro, Paolucci, Pier Stanislao, Rossetti, Davide, Simula, Francesco, Tosoratto, Laura, and Vicini, Piero
Published: 2015
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28. ASIP acceleration for virtual-to-physical address translation on RDMA-enabled FPGA-based network interfaces

Author: Ammendola, Roberto, Biagioni, Andrea, Frezza, Ottorino, Geurts, Werner, Goossens, Gert, Lo Cicero, Francesca, Lonardo, Alessandro, Paolucci, Pier Stanislao, Rossetti, Davide, Simula, Francesco, Tosoratto, Laura, and Vicini, Piero
Published: 2015
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29. A study of the $K^+ \to \pi^0 e^+ \nu \gamma$ decay

Author: Cortina Gil, Eduardo, Minucci, Elisa, Padolski, Sergey, Petrov, Plamen, Velghe, Bob, Bryman, Douglas, Fu, Ji, Numao, Toshio, Petrov, Yevgeniy, Wong, Vincent Wai Sum, Husek, Tomas, Kampf, Karol, Zamkovsky, Michal, Jerhot, Jan, Aliberti, Riccardo, Khoriauli, Gia, Kunze, Jonas, Lomidze, David, Marchevski, Radoslav, Peruzzo, Letizia, Vormstein, Mario, Wanke, Rainer, Cotta Ramusino, Angelo, Dalpiaz, Pietro, Fiorini, Massimiliano, Gamberini, Enrico, Gianoli, Alberto, Neri, Ilaria, Norton, Alan, Petrucci, Ferruccio, Wahl, Heinrich, Bizzeti, Andrea, Bucci, Francesca, Iacopini, Enrico, Latino, Giuseppe, Lenti, Massimo, Parenti, Andrea, Volpe, Roberta, Antonelli, Antonella, Gonnella, Francesco, Lamanna, Gianluca, Lanfranchi, Gaia, Tinti, Gemma, Martellotti, Silvia, Moulson, Matthew, Kozhuharov, Venelin, Litov, Leandar, Georgiev, Georgi, Raggi, Mauro, Spadaro, Tommaso, Ambrosino, Fabio, Fiorenza, Renato, Capussela, Tiziana, Corvino, Michele, Di Filippo, Domenico, Massarotti, Paolo, Mirra, Marco, Napolitano, Marco, Saracino, Giulio, Anzivino, Giuseppina, Imbergamo, Ermanno, Lollini, Riccardo, Santoni, Cristiano, Brizioli, Francesco, Barbanera, Mattia, Cenci, Patrizia, Checcucci, Bruno, Duk, Viacheslav, Lupi, Matteo, Pepe, Monica, Piccini, Mauro, Lubrano, Pasquale, Costantini, Flavio, Doble, Niels, Giorgi, Marcello, Giudici, Sergio, Lari, Enrico, Pinzino, Jacopo, Pontisso, Luca, Sozzi, Marco, Di Lella, Luigi, Mannelli, Italo, Cerri, Claudio, Fantechi, Riccardo, Pedreschi, Elena, Piandani, Roberto, Spinella, Franco, Biagioni, Andrea, D'Agostini, Giulio, Leonardi, Emanuele, Lonardo, Alessandro, Valente, Paolo, Vicini, Piero, Cretaro, Paolo, Turisini, Matteo, Frezza, Ottorino, Ammendola, Roberto, Bonaiuto, Vincenzo, De Simone, Nicola, Federici, Luca, Fucci, Adolfo, Salamon, Andrea, Sargeni, Fausto, Arcidiacono, Roberta, Biino, Cristina, Bloch-Devaux, Brigitte, Boretto, Marco, Filippi, Alessandra, Iacobuzio, Lorenza, Marchetto, Flavio, Menichetti, Ezio, Migliore, Ernesto, Soldi, Dario, Engelfried, Jürgen, Estrada-Tristan, Nora, Bragadireanu, Alexandru Mario, Ghinescu, Stefan Alexandru, Hutanu, Ovidiu Emanuel, Enik, Temur, Falaleev, Valeri, Kekelidze, Vladimir, Korotkova, Anna, Madigozhin, Dmitry, Misheva, Milena, Molokanova, Natalia, Movchan, Sergei, Polenkevich, Irina, Potrebenikov, Yuri, Shkarovskiy, Sergey, Zinchenko, Alexander, Baeva, Aigul, Baigarashev, Dosbol, Emelyanov, Dmitry, Fedotov, Sergei, Khotyantsev, Alexey, Gushchin, Evgeny, Kleimenova, Alina, Kudenko, Yury, Kurochka, Viktoriia, Medvedeva, Mariia, Mefodev, Aleksandr, Shaikhiev, Artur, Kholodenko, Sergey, Kurshetsov, Viktor, Obraztsov, Vladimir, Ostankov, Aleksandr, Semenov, Vitali, Sugonyaev, Valentin, Yushchenko, Oleg, Bician, Lubos, Blazek, Tomas, Cerny, Vladimir, Koval, Michal, Kucerova, Zuzana, Ceccucci, Augusto, Bernhard, Johannes, Danielsson, Hans, Döbrich, Babette, Duval, Francois, Gatignon, Lau, Guida, Roberto, Hahn, Ferdinand, Holzer, Eva Barbara, Jenninger, Berthold, Laycock, Paul, Lehmann Miotto, Giovanna, Lichard, Peter, Mapelli, Alessandro, Noy, Matthew, Palladino, Vito, Perrin-Terrin, Mathieu, Ruggiero, Giuseppe, Ryjov, Vladimir, Schuchmann, Simone, Venditti, Stefano, Brunetti, Maria Brigida, Bache, Thomas, Goudzovski, Evgueni, Henshaw, Jack, Tomczak, Adam, Lazzeroni, Cristina, Fascianelli, Valeria, Lurkin, Nicolas, Newson, Francis, Parkinson, Christopher, Romano, Angela, Sergi, Antonino, Sturgess, Andrew, Swallow, Joel, Heath, Helen, Page, Ryan, Trilov, Stoyan, Angelucci, Bruno, Britton, David, Protopopescu, Dan, Graham, Connor, Jones, Roger William Lewis, Dainton, John Bourke, Fry, John Richard, Fulton, Liam, Hutchcroft, David, Carmignani, Joseph, Massri, Karim, Maurice, Emilie, Wrona, Bozydar, Conovaloff, Adam, Cooper, Peter, Coward, David, Rubin, Philip David, Hives, Zdenko, Akmete, Atakan Tugberk, Soldani, Mattia, Bandiera, Laura, Mazzolari, Andrea, Romagnoni, Marco, Sytov, Alexei, Panichi, Ilaria, Lo Chiatto, Prisco, D'Errico, Mariaelena, Giordano, Raffaele, Briano Olvera, Alejandro, Reyes Santos, Marco Antonio, Boboc, Petre, Kereibay, Dias, Gorshanov, Konstantin, Okhotnikov, Artem, Sadovskiy, Alexander, and Sanders, Jack
Subjects: Particle Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: A sample of $1.3 \times 10^5 K^+ \to \pi^0 e^+ \nu \gamma$ candidates with less than 1% background was collected by the NA62 experiment at the CERN SPS in 2017-2018. Branching fraction measurements are obtained at percent relative precision in three restricted kinematic regions, improving on existing results by a factor larger than two. An asymmetry, possibly related to T-violation, is investigated with no evidence observed within the achieved precision. A sample of $1.3 \times 10^5$$K^+ \to \pi^0 e^+ \nu \gamma$ candidates with less than 1% background was collected by the NA62 experiment at the CERN SPS in 2017-2018. Branching fraction measurements are obtained at percent relative precision in three restricted kinematic regions, improving on existing results by a factor larger than two. An asymmetry, possibly related to T-violation, is investigated with no evidence observed within the achieved precision.
Published: 2023

30. Improved calorimetric particle identification in NA62 using machine learning techniques

Author: Cortina Gil, Eduardo, Minucci, Elisa, Padolski, Sergey, Petrov, Plamen, Velghe, Bob, Bryman, Douglas, Fu, Ji, Numao, Toshio, Petrov, Yevgeniy, Wong, Vincent Wai Sum, Yu, Mengda, Fedorko, Wojciech, Husek, Tomas, Kampf, Karol, Zamkovsky, Michal, Jerhot, Jan, Aliberti, Riccardo, Khoriauli, Gia, Kunze, Jonas, Lomidze, David, Marchevski, Radoslav, Peruzzo, Letizia, Vormstein, Mario, Wanke, Rainer, Cotta Ramusino, Angelo, Dalpiaz, Pietro, Fiorini, Massimiliano, Gamberini, Enrico, Gianoli, Alberto, Neri, Ilaria, Norton, Alan, Petrucci, Ferruccio, Wahl, Heinrich, Bizzeti, Andrea, Bucci, Francesca, Iacopini, Enrico, Latino, Giuseppe, Lenti, Massimo, Parenti, Andrea, Volpe, Roberta, Antonelli, Antonella, Gonnella, Francesco, Lamanna, Gianluca, Lanfranchi, Gaia, Tinti, Gemma, Martellotti, Silvia, Moulson, Matthew, Kozhuharov, Venelin, Litov, Leandar, Georgiev, Georgi, Raggi, Mauro, Spadaro, Tommaso, Ambrosino, Fabio, Fiorenza, Renato, Capussela, Tiziana, Corvino, Michele, Di Filippo, Domenico, Massarotti, Paolo, Mirra, Marco, Napolitano, Marco, Saracino, Giulio, Anzivino, Giuseppina, Imbergamo, Ermanno, Lollini, Riccardo, Santoni, Cristiano, Brizioli, Francesco, Barbanera, Mattia, Cenci, Patrizia, Checcucci, Bruno, Duk, Viacheslav, Lupi, Matteo, Pepe, Monica, Piccini, Mauro, Lubrano, Pasquale, Costantini, Flavio, Doble, Niels, Giorgi, Marcello, Giudici, Sergio, Lari, Enrico, Pinzino, Jacopo, Pontisso, Luca, Sozzi, Marco, Di Lella, Luigi, Mannelli, Italo, Cerri, Claudio, Fantechi, Riccardo, Pedreschi, Elena, Piandani, Roberto, Spinella, Franco, Biagioni, Andrea, D'Agostini, Giulio, Leonardi, Emanuele, Lonardo, Alessandro, Valente, Paolo, Vicini, Piero, Cretaro, Paolo, Turisini, Matteo, Frezza, Ottorino, Ammendola, Roberto, Bonaiuto, Vincenzo, De Simone, Nicola, Federici, Luca, Fucci, Adolfo, Salamon, Andrea, Sargeni, Fausto, Arcidiacono, Roberta, Biino, Cristina, Bloch-Devaux, Brigitte, Boretto, Marco, Filippi, Alessandra, Iacobuzio, Lorenza, Marchetto, Flavio, Menichetti, Ezio, Migliore, Ernesto, Soldi, Dario, Engelfried, Jürgen, Estrada-Tristan, Nora, Bragadireanu, Alexandru Mario, Ghinescu, Stefan Alexandru, Hutanu, Ovidiu Emanuel, Enik, Temur, Falaleev, Valeri, Kekelidze, Vladimir, Korotkova, Anna, Madigozhin, Dmitry, Misheva, Milena, Molokanova, Natalia, Movchan, Sergei, Polenkevich, Irina, Potrebenikov, Yuri, Shkarovskiy, Sergey, Zinchenko, Alexander, Baeva, Aigul, Baigarashev, Dosbol, Emelyanov, Dmitry, Fedotov, Sergei, Khotyantsev, Alexey, Gushchin, Evgeny, Kleimenova, Alina, Kudenko, Yury, Kurochka, Viktoriia, Medvedeva, Mariia, Mefodev, Aleksandr, Shaikhiev, Artur, Kholodenko, Sergey, Kurshetsov, Viktor, Obraztsov, Vladimir, Ostankov, Aleksandr, Semenov, Vitali, Sugonyaev, Valentin, Yushchenko, Oleg, Bician, Lubos, Blazek, Tomas, Cerny, Vladimir, Koval, Michal, Kucerova, Zuzana, Ceccucci, Augusto, Bernhard, Johannes, Danielsson, Hans, Döbrich, Babette, Duval, Francois, Gatignon, Lau, Guida, Roberto, Hahn, Ferdinand, Holzer, Eva Barbara, Jenninger, Berthold, Laycock, Paul, Lehmann Miotto, Giovanna, Lichard, Peter, Mapelli, Alessandro, Noy, Matthew, Palladino, Vito, Perrin-Terrin, Mathieu, Ruggiero, Giuseppe, Ryjov, Vladimir, Schuchmann, Simone, Venditti, Stefano, Brunetti, Maria Brigida, Bache, Thomas, Goudzovski, Evgueni, Henshaw, Jack, Tomczak, Adam, Lazzeroni, Cristina, Fascianelli, Valeria, Lurkin, Nicolas, Newson, Francis, Parkinson, Christopher, Romano, Angela, Sergi, Antonino, Sturgess, Andrew, Swallow, Joel, Heath, Helen, Page, Ryan, Trilov, Stoyan, Angelucci, Bruno, Britton, David, Protopopescu, Dan, Graham, Connor, Jones, Roger William Lewis, Dainton, John Bourke, Fry, John Richard, Fulton, Liam, Hutchcroft, David, Carmignani, Joseph, Massri, Karim, Maurice, Emilie, Wrona, Bozydar, Conovaloff, Adam, Cooper, Peter, Coward, David, Rubin, Philip David, Hives, Zdenko, Akmete, Atakan Tugberk, Soldani, Mattia, Bandiera, Laura, Mazzolari, Andrea, Romagnoni, Marco, Sytov, Alexei, Panichi, Ilaria, Lo Chiatto, Prisco, D'Errico, Mariaelena, Giordano, Raffaele, Briano Olvera, Alejandro, Reyes Santos, Marco Antonio, Boboc, Petre, Kereibay, Dias, Gorshanov, Konstantin, Okhotnikov, Artem, Sadovskiy, Alexander, and Sanders, Jack
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Particle Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: Measurement of the ultra-rare $K^+\to\pi^+\nu\bar\nu$ decay at the NA62 experiment at CERN requires high-performance particle identification to distinguish muons from pions. Calorimetric identification currently in use, based on a boosted decision tree algorithm, achieves a muon misidentification probability of $1.2\times 10^{-5}$ for a pion identification efficiency of 75% in the momentum range of 15-40 GeV/$c$. In this work, calorimetric identification performance is improved by developing an algorithm based on a convolutional neural network classifier augmented by a filter. Muon misidentification probability is reduced by a factor of six with respect to the current value for a fixed pion-identification efficiency of 75%. Alternatively, pion identification efficiency is improved from 72% to 91% for a fixed muon misidentification probability of $10^{-5}$., Comment: Updated author list and Ref. 4
Published: 2023
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31. A search for the $K^+ \to \mu^- \nu e^+ e^+$ decay

Author: Cortina Gil, Eduardo, Minucci, Elisa, Padolski, Sergey, Petrov, Plamen, Velghe, Bob, Bryman, Douglas, Fu, Ji, Numao, Toshio, Petrov, Yevgeniy, Wong, Vincent Wai Sum, Husek, Tomas, Kampf, Karol, Zamkovsky, Michal, Jerhot, Jan, Aliberti, Riccardo, Khoriauli, Gia, Kunze, Jonas, Lomidze, David, Marchevski, Radoslav, Peruzzo, Letizia, Vormstein, Mario, Wanke, Rainer, Cotta Ramusino, Angelo, Dalpiaz, Pietro, Fiorini, Massimiliano, Gamberini, Enrico, Gianoli, Alberto, Neri, Ilaria, Norton, Alan, Petrucci, Ferruccio, Wahl, Heinrich, Bizzeti, Andrea, Bucci, Francesca, Iacopini, Enrico, Latino, Giuseppe, Lenti, Massimo, Parenti, Andrea, Volpe, Roberta, Antonelli, Antonella, Gonnella, Francesco, Lamanna, Gianluca, Lanfranchi, Gaia, Tinti, Gemma, Martellotti, Silvia, Moulson, Matthew, Kozhuharov, Venelin, Litov, Leandar, Georgiev, Georgi, Raggi, Mauro, Spadaro, Tommaso, Ambrosino, Fabio, Fiorenza, Renato, Capussela, Tiziana, Corvino, Michele, Di Filippo, Domenico, Massarotti, Paolo, Mirra, Marco, Napolitano, Marco, Saracino, Giulio, Anzivino, Giuseppina, Imbergamo, Ermanno, Lollini, Riccardo, Santoni, Cristiano, Brizioli, Francesco, Barbanera, Mattia, Cenci, Patrizia, Checcucci, Bruno, Duk, Viacheslav, Lupi, Matteo, Pepe, Monica, Piccini, Mauro, Lubrano, Pasquale, Costantini, Flavio, Doble, Niels, Giorgi, Marcello, Giudici, Sergio, Lari, Enrico, Pinzino, Jacopo, Pontisso, Luca, Sozzi, Marco, Di Lella, Luigi, Mannelli, Italo, Cerri, Claudio, Fantechi, Riccardo, Pedreschi, Elena, Piandani, Roberto, Spinella, Franco, Biagioni, Andrea, d'Agostini, Giulio, Leonardi, Emanuele, Lonardo, Alessandro, Valente, Paolo, Vicini, Piero, Cretaro, Paolo, Turisini, Matteo, Frezza, Ottorino, Ammendola, Roberto, Bonaiuto, Vincenzo, de Simone, Nicola, Federici, Luca, Fucci, Adolfo, Salamon, Andrea, Sargeni, Fausto, Arcidiacono, Roberta, Biino, Cristina, Bloch-Devaux, Brigitte, Boretto, Marco, Filippi, Alessandra, Iacobuzio, Lorenza, Marchetto, Flavio, Menichetti, Ezio, Migliore, Ernesto, Soldi, Dario, Engelfried, Jürgen, Estrada-Tristan, Nora, Bragadireanu, Alexandru Mario, Ghinescu, Stefan Alexandru, Hutanu, Ovidiu Emanuel, Enik, Temur, Falaleev, Valeri, Kekelidze, Vladimir, Korotkova, Anna, Madigozhin, Dmitry, Misheva, Milena, Molokanova, Natalia, Movchan, Sergei, Polenkevich, Irina, Potrebenikov, Yuri, Shkarovskiy, Sergey, Zinchenko, Alexander, Baeva, Aigul, Baigarashev, Dosbol, Emelyanov, Dmitry, Fedotov, Sergei, Khotyantsev, Alexey, Gushchin, Evgeny, Kleimenova, Alina, Kudenko, Yury, Kurochka, Viktoriia, Medvedeva, Mariia, Mefodev, Aleksandr, Shaikhiev, Artur, Kholodenko, Sergey, Kurshetsov, Viktor, Obraztsov, Vladimir, Ostankov, Aleksandr, Semenov, Vitali, Sugonyaev, Valentin, Yushchenko, Oleg, Bician, Lubos, Blazek, Tomas, Cerny, Vladimir, Koval, Michal, Kucerova, Zuzana, Ceccucci, Augusto, Bernhard, Johannes, Danielsson, Hans, Döbrich, Babette, Duval, Francois, Gatignon, Lau, Guida, Roberto, Hahn, Ferdinand, Holzer, Eva Barbara, Jenninger, Berthold, Laycock, Paul, Lehmann Miotto, Giovanna, Lichard, Peter, Mapelli, Alessandro, Noy, Matthew, Palladino, Vito, Perrin-Terrin, Mathieu, Ruggiero, Giuseppe, Ryjov, Vladimir, Schuchmann, Simone, Venditti, Stefano, Brunetti, Maria Brigida, Bache, Thomas, Goudzovski, Evgueni, Henshaw, Jack, Tomczak, Adam, Lazzeroni, Cristina, Fascianelli, Valeria, Lurkin, Nicolas, Newson, Francis, Parkinson, Christopher, Romano, Angela, Sergi, Antonino, Sturgess, Andrew, Swallow, Joel, Heath, Helen, Page, Ryan, Trilov, Stoyan, Angelucci, Bruno, Britton, David, Protopopescu, Dan, Graham, Connor, Jones, Roger William Lewis, Dainton, John Bourke, Fry, John Richard, Fulton, Liam, Hutchcroft, David, Carmignani, Joseph, Massri, Karim, Maurice, Emilie, Wrona, Bozydar, Conovaloff, Adam, Cooper, Peter, Coward, David, Rubin, Philip David, Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and NA62
Subjects: flavor, CERN Lab, lepton, conservation law, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], lepton number, branching ratio, NA62, Particle Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: A search for the $K^+\to\mu^-\nu e^+e^+$ decay, forbidden within the Standard Model by either lepton number or lepton flavour conservation depending on the flavour of the emitted neutrino, has been performed using the dataset collected by the NA62 experiment at CERN in 2016--2018. An upper limit of $8.1\times 10^{-11}$ is obtained for the decay branching fraction at 90% CL, improving by a factor of 250 over the previous search., Comment: Final version, accepted for publication in Physics Letters B
Published: 2022
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32. A measurement of the $K^+ \to \pi^+ \mu^+ \mu^-$ decay

Author: Cortina Gil, Eduardo, Minucci, Elisa, Padolski, Sergey, Petrov, Plamen, Velghe, Bob, Bryman, Douglas, Fu, J., Numao, Toshio, Petrov, Yevgeniy, Wong, Vincent Wai Sum, Husek, Tomas, Kampf, Karol, Zamkovsky, Michal, Jerhot, Jan, Aliberti, Riccardo, Khoriauli, Gia, Kunze, Jonas, Lomidze, David, Potrebenikov, Yu., Marchevski, Radoslav, Peruzzo, Letizia, Vormstein, Mario, Wanke, Rainer, Cotta Ramusino, Angelo, Dalpiaz, Pietro, Fiorini, Massimiliano, Gamberini, Enrico, Gianoli, Alberto, Neri, Ilaria, Norton, Alan, Petrucci, Ferruccio, Wahl, Heinrich, Bizzeti, Andrea, Bucci, Francesca, Iacopini, Enrico, Latino, Giuseppe, Lenti, Massimo, Parenti, Andrea, Volpe, Roberta, Antonelli, Antonella, Gonnella, Francesco, Lamanna, Gianluca, Lanfranchi, Gaia, Tinti, Gemma, Martellotti, Silvia, Moulson, Matthew, Kozhuharov, Venelin, Litov, Leandar, Georgiev, Georgi, Raggi, Mauro, Spadaro, Tommaso, Ambrosino, Fabio, Fiorenza, Renato, Capussela, Tiziana, Corvino, Michele, Di Filippo, Domenico, Massarotti, Paolo, Mirra, Marco, Napolitano, Marco, Saracino, Giulio, Anzivino, Giuseppina, Imbergamo, Ermanno, Lollini, Riccardo, Santoni, Cristiano, Brizioli, Francesco, Barbanera, Mattia, Cenci, Patrizia, Checcucci, Bruno, Duk, Viacheslav, Lupi, Matteo, Pepe, Monica, Piccini, Mauro, Lubrano, Pasquale, Costantini, Flavio, Doble, Niels, Giorgi, Marcello, Giudici, Sergio, Lari, Enrico, Pinzino, Jacopo, Pontisso, Luca, Sozzi, Marco, Di Lella, Luigi, Mannelli, Italo, Cerri, Claudio, Fantechi, Riccardo, Pedreschi, Elena, Piandani, Roberto, Spinella, Franco, Biagioni, Andrea, d'Agostini, Giulio, Leonardi, Emanuele, Lonardo, Alessandro, Valente, Paolo, Vicini, Piero, Cretaro, Paolo, Turisini, Matteo, Frezza, Ottorino, Ammendola, Roberto, Bonaiuto, Vincenzo, de Simone, Nicola, Federici, Luca, Fucci, Adolfo, Salamon, Andrea, Sargeni, Fausto, Arcidiacono, Roberta, Biino, Cristina, Bloch-Devaux, Brigitte, Boretto, Marco, Filippi, Alessandra, Iacobuzio, Lorenza, Marchetto, Flavio, Menichetti, Ezio, Migliore, Ernesto, Soldi, Dario, Engelfried, Jürgen, Estrada-Tristan, Nora, Bragadireanu, Alexandru Mario, Ghinescu, Stefan Alexandru, Hutanu, Ovidiu Emanuel, Enik, Temur, Falaleev, Valeri, Kekelidze, Vladimir, Korotkova, Anna, Madigozhin, Dmitry, Misheva, Milena, Molokanova, Natalia, Movchan, Sergei, Polenkevich, Irina, Potrebenikov, Yuri, Shkarovskiy, Sergey, Zinchenko, Alexander, Baeva, Aigul, Baigarashev, Dosbol, Emelyanov, Dmitry, Fedotov, Sergei, Khotyantsev, Alexey, Gushchin, Evgeny, Kleimenova, Alina, Kudenko, Yury, Kurochka, Viktoriia, Medvedeva, Mariia, Mefodev, Aleksandr, Shaikhiev, Artur, Kholodenko, Sergey, Kurshetsov, Viktor, Obraztsov, Vladimir, Ostankov, Aleksandr, Semenov, Vitali, Sugonyaev, Valentin, Yushchenko, Oleg, Bician, Lubos, Blazek, Tomas, Cerny, Vladimir, Koval, Michal, Kucerova, Zuzana, Ceccucci, Augusto, Bernhard, Johannes, Danielsson, Hans, Döbrich, Babette, Duval, Francois, Gatignon, Lau, Guida, Roberto, Hahn, Ferdinand, Holzer, Eva Barbara, Jenninger, Berthold, Laycock, Paul, Lehmann Miotto, Giovanna, Lichard, Peter, Mapelli, Alessandro, Noy, Matthew, Palladino, Vito, Perrin-Terrin, Mathieu, Ruggiero, Giuseppe, Ryjov, Vladimir, Schuchmann, Simone, Venditti, Stefano, Brunetti, Maria Brigida, Bache, Thomas, Goudzovski, Evgueni, Henshaw, Jack, Tomczak, Adam, Lazzeroni, Cristina, Fascianelli, Valeria, Lurkin, Nicolas, Newson, Francis, Parkinson, Christopher, Romano, Angela, Sergi, Antonino, Sturgess, Andrew, Swallow, Joel, Heath, Helen, Page, Ryan, Trilov, Stoyan, Angelucci, Bruno, Britton, David, Protopopescu, Dan, Graham, Connor, Jones, Roger William Lewis, Dainton, John Bourke, Fry, John Richard, Fulton, Liam, Hutchcroft, David, Carmignani, Joseph, Massri, Karim, Maurice, Emilie, Wrona, Bozydar, Conovaloff, Adam, Cooper, Peter, Coward, David, Rubin, Philip David, Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and NA62
Subjects: Fixed Target Experiments, data analysis method, background, Flavour Changing Neutral Currents, perturbation theory: chiral, dimuon: mass spectrum, CERN SPS, pi+, mass dependence, NA62, High Energy Physics - Experiment, muon: pair production, K+: semileptonic decay, +pi%2B+muon%2B+muon%22">K+ --> pi+ muon+ muon, branching ratio: measured, Rare Decay, K+: branching ratio, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], decay: form factor, Branching fraction, K+: secondary beam, Particle Physics - Experiment, K: form factor, experimental results
Abstract: A sample of $2.8 \times 10^4$ $K^{+} \to \pi^{+} \mu^{+} \mu^{-}$ candidates with negligible background was collected by the NA62 experiment at the CERN SPS in 2017--2018. The model-independent branching fraction is measured to be $(9.15 \pm 0.08)\times 10^{-8}$, a factor three more precise than previous measurements. The decay form factor is presented as a function of the squared dimuon mass. A measurement of the form factor parameters and their uncertainties is performed using a description based on Chiral Perturbation Theory at $\mathcal{O}(p^6)$., Comment: 17 pages, 5 figures. Updated version (6 October 2022) accepted for publication in JHEP
Published: 2022
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33. L0TP+: the Upgrade of the NA62 Level-0 Trigger Processor

Author: Ammendola Roberto, Biagioni Andrea, Ciardiello Andrea, Cretaro Paolo, Frezza Ottorino, Lamanna Gianluca, Lo Cicero Francesca, Lonardo Alessandro, Piandani Roberto, Pontisso Luca, Salamon Andrea, Simula Francesco, Soldi Dario, Sozzi Marco, and Vicini Piero
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: The L0TP+ initiative is aimed at the upgrade of the FPGA-based Level-0 Trigger Processor (L0TP) of the NA62 experiment at CERN for the post-LS2 data taking, which is expected to happen at 100% of design beam intensity, corresponding to about 3.3 × 1012 protons per pulse on the beryllium target used to produce the kaons beam. Although tests performed at the end of 2018 showed a substantial robustness of the L0TP system also at full beam intensity, there are several reasons to motivate such an upgrade: i) avoid FPGA platform obsolescence, ii) make room for improvements in the firmware design leveraging a more capable FPGA device, iii) add new functionalities, iv) support the 4 beam intensity increase foreseen in future experiment upgrades. We singled out the Xilinx Virtex UltraScale+ VCU118 development board as the ideal platform for the project. L0TP+ seamless integration into the current NA62 TDAQ system and exact matching of L0TP functionalities represent the main requirements and focus of the project; nevertheless, the final design will include additional features, such as a PCIe RDMA engine to enable processing on CPU and GPU accelerators, and the partial reconfiguration of trigger firmware starting from a high level language description (C/C++). The latter capability is enabled by modern High Level Synthesis (HLS) tools, but to what extent this methodology can be applied to perform complex tasks in the L0 trigger, with its stringent latency requirements and the limits imposed by single FPGA resources, is currently being investigated. As a test case for this scenario we considered the online reconstruction of the RICH detector rings on an HLS generated module, using a dedicated primitives data stream with PM hits IDs. Besides, the chosen platform supports the Virtex Ultrascale+ FPGA wide I/O capabilities, allowing for straightforward integration of primitive streams from additional sub-detectors in order to improve the performance of the trigger.
Published: 2020
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34. EuroEXA Custom Switch: an innovative FPGA-based system for extreme scale computing in Europe

Author: Biagioni Andrea, Cretaro Paolo, Frezza Ottorino, Lo Cicero Francesca, Lonardo Alessandro, Paolucci Pier Stanislao, Pontisso Luca, Simula Francesco, and Vicini Piero
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: EuroEXA is a major European FET research initiative that aims to deliver a proof-of-concept of a next generation Exa-scalable HPC platform. EuroEXA leverages on previous projects results (ExaNeSt, ExaNoDe and ECOSCALE) to design a medium scale but scalable, fully working HPC system prototype exploiting state-of-the-art FPGA devices that integrate compute accelerators and low-latency high-throughputnetwork. Exascale-class systems are expected to host a very large number of computing nodes, from 104 up to 105, so that capability and performances of the interconnect architecture are critical to achieve high computing efficiency at this scale. In this perspective, EuroEXA enhances the ExaNet architecture, inherited by the ExaNeSt project, and introduces a multi-tier, hybrid topology network built on top of an FPGA-integrated Custom Switch that provides high throughput and low inter-node traffic latency for the different layers of the network hierarchy. Deployment of a few testbeds is planned, with incremental complexity and equipped with complete software stack and runtime environment, to support the integration and test of the network design and to allow for evaluation of system performance and scalability through benchmarks based on real HPC applications. Design and integration activities are ongoing and the first small scale prototype (50 nodes) is expected to be completed in fall 2020 followed, one year later, by the deployment of the larger prototype (250/500 nodes).
Published: 2020
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35. RED-SEA: Network Solution for Exascale Architectures

Author: Biagioni, Andrea, primary, Cretaro, Paolo, additional, Frezza, Ottorino, additional, Cicero, Francesca Lo, additional, Lonardo, Alessandro, additional, Martinelli, Michele, additional, Paolucci, Pier Stanislao, additional, Pastorelli, Elena, additional, Simula, Francesco, additional, Turisini, Matteo, additional, Vicini, Piero, additional, Ammendola, Roberto, additional, Bernier-Bruna, Pascale, additional, Chen, Claire, additional, Derradji, Said, additional, Guez, Stephane, additional, Lagadec, Pierre-Axel, additional, Pichon, Gregoire, additional, Walter, Etienne, additional, De Gassowski, Gaetan, additional, Hautreaux, Matthieu, additional, Mathieu, Stephane, additional, Moreau, Gilles, additional, Perache, Marc, additional, Taboada, Hugo, additional, Hoefler, Torsten, additional, Schneider, Timo, additional, Barnaba, Matteo, additional, Brandino, Giuseppe Piero, additional, De Giorgi, Francesco, additional, Poggi, Matteo, additional, Mavroidis, Iakovos, additional, Papaefstathiou, Yannis, additional, Tampouratzis, Nikolaos, additional, Kalisch, Benjamin, additional, Krackhardt, Ulrich, additional, Nuessle, Mondrian, additional, Xirouchakis, Pantelis, additional, Mageiropoulos, Vangelis, additional, Gianioudis, Michalis, additional, Loukas, Harisis, additional, Ioannou, Aggelos, additional, Kallimanis, Nikos, additional, Chrysos, Nikos, additional, Katevenis, Manolis, additional, Frings, Wolfang, additional, Gottwald, Dominik, additional, Guimaraes, Felime, additional, Holicki, Max, additional, Marx, Volker, additional, Muller, Yannik, additional, Clauss, Carsten, additional, Falter, Hugo, additional, Huang, Xu, additional, Barillao, Jennifer Lopez, additional, Moschny, Thomas, additional, Pickartz, Simon, additional, Alfaro, Francisco J., additional, Escudero-Sahuquillo, Jesus, additional, Garcia, Pedro Javier, additional, Quiles, Francisco J., additional, Sanchez, Jose L., additional, Castello, Adrian, additional, Duro, Jose, additional, Gomez, Maria Engracia, additional, Quintana, Enrique, additional, Sahuquillo, Julio, additional, and Stabile, Eugenio, additional
Published: 2022
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36. TEXTAROSSA: Towards EXtreme scale Technologies and Accelerators for euROhpc hw/Sw Supercomputing Applications for exascale

Author: Agosta, Giovanni, primary, Cattaneo, Daniele, additional, Fornaciari, William, additional, Galimberti, Andrea, additional, Massari, Giuseppe, additional, Reghenzani, Federico, additional, Terraneo, Federico, additional, Zoni, Davide, additional, Brandolese, Carlo, additional, Celino, Massimo, additional, Iannone, Francesco, additional, Palazzari, Paolo, additional, Zummo, Giuseppe, additional, Bernaschi, Massimo, additional, D'Ambra, Pasqua, additional, Saponara, Sergio, additional, Danelutto, Marco, additional, Torquati, Massimo, additional, Aldinucci, Marco, additional, Arfat, Yasir, additional, Cantalupo, Barbara, additional, Colonnelli, Iacopo, additional, Esposito, Roberto, additional, Martinelli, Alberto R., additional, Mittone, Gianluca, additional, Beaumont, Olivier, additional, Bramas, Berenger, additional, Eyraud-Dubois, Lionel, additional, Goglin, Brice, additional, Guermouche, Abdou, additional, Namyst, Raymond, additional, Thibault, Samuel, additional, Filgueras, Antonio, additional, Vidal, Miquel, additional, Alvarez, Carlos, additional, Martorell, Xavier, additional, Oleksiak, Ariel, additional, Kulczewski, Michal, additional, Lonardo, Alessandro, additional, Vicini, Piero, additional, Cicero, Francesca Lo, additional, Simula, Francesco, additional, Biagioni, Andrea, additional, Cretaro, Paolo, additional, Frezza, Ottorino, additional, Paolucci, Pier Stanislao, additional, Turisini, Matteo, additional, Giacomini, Francesco, additional, Boccali, Tommaso, additional, Montangero, Simone, additional, and Ammendola, Roberto, additional
Published: 2021
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37. Search for lepton number and flavour violation in $K^+ $ and $\pi^0$ decays

Author: Cortina Gil, Eduardo, Minucci, Elisa, Padolski, Sergey, Petrov, Plamen, Potrebenikov, Yu., Velghe, Bob, Bryman, Douglas, Fu, Ji, Numao, Toshio, Petrov, Yevgeniy, Husek, Tomas, Kampf, Karol, Zamkovsky, Michal, Jerhot, Jan, Aliberti, Riccardo, Khoriauli, Gia, Kunze, Jonas, Lomidze, David, Marchevski, Radoslav, Peruzzo, Letizia, Vormstein, Mario, Wanke, Rainer, Cotta Ramusino, Angelo, Dalpiaz, Pietro, Fiorini, Massimiliano, Gamberini, Enrico, Gianoli, Alberto, Neri, Ilaria, Norton, Alan, Petrucci, Ferruccio, Wahl, Heinrich, Bizzeti, Andrea, Bucci, Francesca, Iacopini, Enrico, Latino, Giuseppe, Lenti, Massimo, Parenti, Andrea, Volpe, Roberta, Antonelli, Antonella, Gonnella, Francesco, Lamanna, Gianluca, Lanfranchi, Gaia, Martellotti, Silvia, Moulson, Matthew, Kozhuharov, Venelin, Litov, Leandar, Georgiev, Georgi, Raggi, Mauro, Spadaro, Tommaso, Ambrosino, Fabio, Capussela, Tiziana, Corvino, Michele, Di Filippo, Domenico, Massarotti, Paolo, Mirra, Marco, Napolitano, Marco, Saracino, Giulio, Anzivino, Giuseppina, Imbergamo, Ermanno, Lollini, Riccardo, Santoni, Cristiano, Brizioli, Francesco, Barbanera, Mattia, Cenci, Patrizia, Checcucci, Bruno, Duk, Viacheslav, Lupi, Matteo, Pepe, Monica, Piccini, Mauro, Lubrano, Pasquale, Costantini, Flavio, Doble, Niels, Giorgi, Marcello, Giudici, Sergio, Lari, Enrico, Pinzino, Jacopo, Pontisso, Luca, Sozzi, Marco, Di Lella, Luigi, Mannelli, Italo, Cerri, Claudio, Fantechi, Riccardo, Pedreschi, Elena, Piandani, Roberto, Spinella, Franco, Biagioni, Andrea, D'Agostini, Giulio, Leonardi, Emanuele, Lonardo, Alessandro, Valente, Paolo, Vicini, Piero, Ammendola, Roberto, Bonaiuto, Vincenzo, De Simone, Nicola, Federici, Luca, Fucci, Adolfo, Salamon, Andrea, Sargeni, Fausto, Arcidiacono, Roberta, Biino, Cristina, Bloch-Devaux, Brigitte, Boretto, Marco, Filippi, Alessandra, Iacobuzio, Lorenza, Marchetto, Flavio, Menichetti, Ezio, Migliore, Ernesto, Soldi, Dario, Engelfried, Jürgen, Estrada-Tristan, Nora, Bragadireanu, Alexandru Mario, Ghinescu, Stefan Alexandru, Hutanu, Ovidiu Emanuel, Enik, Temur, Falaleev, Valeri, Kekelidze, Vladimir, Korotkova, Anna, Madigozhin, Dmitry, Misheva, Milena, Molokanova, Natalia, Movchan, Sergei, Polenkevich, Irina, Potrebenikov, Yuri, Shkarovskiy, Sergey, Zinchenko, Alexander, Baeva, Aigul, Baigarashev, Dosbol, Emelyanov, Dmitry, Fedotov, Sergei, Khotyantsev, Alexey, Gushchin, Evgeny, Kleimenova, Alina, Kudenko, Yury, Kurochka, Viktoriia, Medvedeva, Mariia, Mefodev, Aleksandr, Shaikhiev, Artur, Kholodenko, Sergey, Kurshetsov, Viktor, Obraztsov, Vladimir, Ostankov, Aleksandr, Semenov, Vitali, Sugonyaev, Valentin, Yushchenko, Oleg, Bician, Lubos, Blazek, Tomas, Cerny, Vladimir, Koval, Michal, Kucerova, Zuzana, Ceccucci, Augusto, Bernhard, Johannes, Danielsson, Hans, Döbrich, Babette, Duval, Francois, Gatignon, Lau, Guida, Roberto, Hahn, Ferdinand, Holzer, Eva Barbara, Jenninger, Berthold, Laycock, Paul, Lehmann Miotto, Giovanna, Lichard, Peter, Mapelli, Alessandro, Noy, Matthew, Palladino, Vito, Perrin-Terrin, Mathieu, Ruggiero, Giuseppe, Ryjov, Vladimir, Schuchmann, Simone, Venditti, Stefano, Brunetti, Maria Brigida, Bache, Thomas, Goudzovski, Evgueni, Henshaw, Jack, Lazzeroni, Cristina, Fascianelli, Valeria, Lurkin, Nicolas, Newson, Francis, Parkinson, Christopher, Romano, Angela, Sergi, Antonino, Sturgess, Andrew, Swallow, Joel, Heath, Helen, Page, Ryan, Trilov, Stoyan, Angelucci, Bruno, Britton, David, Protopopescu, Dan, Graham, Connor, Jones, Roger William Lewis, Dainton, John Bourke, Fry, John Richard, Fulton, Liam, Hutchcroft, David, Carmignani, Joseph, Massri, Karim, Maurice, Emilie, Wrona, Bozydar, Conovaloff, Adam, Cooper, Peter, Coward, David, and Rubin, Philip David
Subjects: High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Particle Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: Searches for the lepton number violating $K^{+} \rightarrow \pi^{-} \mu^{+} e^{+}$ decay and the lepton flavour violating $K^{+} \rightarrow \pi^{+} \mu^{-} e^{+}$ and $\pi^{0} \rightarrow \mu^{-} e^{+}$ decays are reported using data collected by the NA62 experiment at CERN in $2017$-$2018$. No evidence for these decays is found and upper limits of the branching ratios are obtained at 90% confidence level: $\mathcal{B}(K^{+}\rightarrow\pi^{-}\mu^{+}e^{+}), Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures
Published: 2021

38. An investigation of the very rare $K^+\rightarrow\pi^+\nu\bar{\nu}$ decay

Author: Cortina Gil, Eduardo, Minucci, Elisa, Padolski, Sergey, Petrov, Plamen, Velghe, Bob, Bryman, Douglas, Fu, Ji, Numao, Toshio, Husek, Tomas, Kampf, Karol, Zamkovsky, Michal, Jerhot, Jan, Aliberti, Riccardo, Khoriauli, Gia, Kunze, Jonas, Lomidze, David, Marchevski, Radoslav, Peruzzo, Letizia, Vormstein, Mario, Wanke, Rainer, Cotta Ramusino, Angelo, Dalpiaz, Pietro, Fiorini, Massimiliano, Gamberini, Enrico, Gianoli, Alberto, Neri, Ilaria, Norton, Alan, Petrucci, Ferruccio, Wahl, Heinrich, Bizzeti, Andrea, Bucci, Francesca, Iacopini, Enrico, Latino, Giuseppe, Lenti, Massimo, Parenti, Andrea, Volpe, Roberta, Antonelli, Antonella, Gonnella, Francesco, Lamanna, Gianluca, Lanfranchi, Gaia, Martellotti, Silvia, Moulson, Matthew, Kozhuharov, Venelin, Litov, Leandar, Georgiev, Georgi, Raggi, Mauro, Spadaro, Tommaso, Ambrosino, Fabio, Capussela, Tiziana, Corvino, Michele, Di Filippo, Domenico, Massarotti, Paolo, Mirra, Marco, Napolitano, Marco, Saracino, Giulio, Anzivino, Giuseppina, Imbergamo, Ermanno, Lollini, Riccardo, Santoni, Cristiano, Brizioli, Francesco, Barbanera, Mattia, Cenci, Patrizia, Checcucci, Bruno, Duk, Viacheslav, Lupi, Matteo, Pepe, Monica, Piccini, Mauro, Lubrano, Pasquale, Costantini, Flavio, Doble, Niels, Giorgi, Marcello, Giudici, Sergio, Lari, Enrico, Pinzino, Jacopo, Pontisso, Luca, Sozzi, Marco, Di Lella, Luigi, Mannelli, Italo, Cerri, Claudio, Fantechi, Riccardo, Pedreschi, Elena, Piandani, Roberto, Spinella, Franco, Biagioni, Andrea, D'Agostini, Giulio, Leonardi, Emanuele, Lonardo, Alessandro, Valente, Paolo, Vicini, Piero, Ammendola, Roberto, Bonaiuto, Vincenzo, De Simone, Nicola, Federici, Luca, Fucci, Adolfo, Salamon, Andrea, Sargeni, Fausto, Arcidiacono, Roberta, Biino, Cristina, Bloch-Devaux, Brigitte, Boretto, Marco, Filippi, Alessandra, Iacobuzio, Lorenza, Marchetto, Flavio, Menichetti, Ezio, Migliore, Ernesto, Soldi, Dario, Engelfried, Jürgen, Estrada-Tristan, Nora, Bragadireanu, Alexandru Mario, Ghinescu, Stefan Alexandru, Hutanu, Ovidiu Emanuel, Enik, Temur, Falaleev, Valeri, Kekelidze, Vladimir, Korotkova, Anna, Madigozhin, Dmitry, Misheva, Milena, Molokanova, Natalia, Movchan, Sergei, Polenkevich, Irina, Potrebenikov, Yuri, Shkarovskiy, Sergey, Zinchenko, Alexander, Baeva, Aigul, Baigarashev, Dosbol, Emelyanov, Dmitry, Fedotov, Sergei, Khotyantsev, Alexey, Gushchin, Evgeny, Kleimenova, Alina, Kudenko, Yury, Kurochka, Viktoriia, Medvedeva, Mariia, Mefodev, Aleksandr, Shaikhiev, Artur, Kholodenko, Sergey, Kurshetsov, Viktor, Obraztsov, Vladimir, Ostankov, Aleksandr, Semenov, Vitali, Sugonyaev, Valentin, Yushchenko, Oleg, Bician, Lubos, Blazek, Tomas, Cerny, Vladimir, Koval, Michal, Kucerova, Zuzana, Ceccucci, Augusto, Bernhard, Johannes, Danielsson, Hans, Döbrich, Babette, Duval, Francois, Gatignon, Lau, Guida, Roberto, Hahn, Ferdinand, Holzer, Eva Barbara, Jenninger, Berthold, Laycock, Paul, Lehmann Miotto, Giovanna, Lichard, Peter, Mapelli, Alessandro, Noy, Matthew, Palladino, Vito, Perrin-Terrin, Mathieu, Ruggiero, Giuseppe, Ryjov, Vladimir, Schuchmann, Simone, Venditti, Stefano, Brunetti, Maria Brigida, Bache, Thomas, Goudzovski, Evgueni, Lazzeroni, Cristina, Fascianelli, Valeria, Lurkin, Nicolas, Newson, Francis, Parkinson, Christopher, Romano, Angela, Sergi, Antonino, Sturgess, Andrew, Swallow, Joel, Heath, Helen, Page, Ryan, Trilov, Stoyan, Angelucci, Bruno, Britton, David, Protopopescu, Dan, Graham, Connor, Jones, Roger William Lewis, Dainton, John Bourke, Fry, John Richard, Fulton, Liam, Hutchcroft, David, Carmignani, Joseph, Massri, Karim, Maurice, Emilie, Wrona, Bozydar, Conovaloff, Adam, Cooper, Peter, Coward, David, and Rubin, Philip David
Subjects: hep-ex, Particle Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: A search for heavy neutral lepton (N) production in $K^+\rightarrow\pi^+\nu\bar{\nu}$ decays using the data sample collected by the NA62 experiment at CERN in 2017–2018 is reported. Upper limits of the extended neutrino mixing matrix element $|U_{e4}|^2$ are established at the level of $10^{−9}$ over most of the accessible heavy neutral lepton mass range 144–462 MeV/$c^2$, with the assumption that the lifetime exceeds 50 ns. These limits improve significantly upon those of previous production and decay searches. The $|U_{e4}|^2$ range favoured by Big Bang Nucleosynthesis is excluded up to a mass of about 340 MeV/$c^2$. The NA62 experiment reports an investigation of the $ {K}^{+}\to {\pi}^{+}\nu \overline{\nu} $ mode from a sample of K$^{+}$ decays collected in 2017 at the CERN SPS. The experiment has achieved a single event sensitivity of (0.389 ± 0.024) × 10$^{−10}$, corresponding to 2.2 events assuming the Standard Model branching ratio of (8.4 ± 1.0) × 10$^{−11}$. Two signal candidates are observed with an expected background of 1.5 events. Combined with the result of a similar analysis conducted by NA62 on a smaller data set recorded in 2016, the collaboration now reports an upper limit of 1.78 × 10$^{−10}$ for the $ {K}^{+}\to {\pi}^{+}\nu \overline{\nu} $ branching ratio at 90% CL. This, together with the corresponding 68% CL measurement of ($ {0.48}_{-0.48}^{+0.72} $) × 10$^{−10}$, are currently the most precise results worldwide, and are able to constrain some New Physics models that predict large enhancements still allowed by previous measurements. The NA62 experiment reports an investigation of the $K^+\rightarrow\pi^+\nu\bar{\nu}$ mode from a sample of $K^+$ decays collected in 2017 at the CERN SPS. The experiment has achieved a single event sensitivity of $(0.389\pm 0.024)\times10^{-10}$, corresponding to 2.2 events assuming the Standard Model branching ratio of $(8.4\pm1.0)\times10^{-11}$. Two signal candidates are observed with an expected background of 1.5 events. Combined with the result of a similar analysis conducted by NA62 on a smaller data set recorded in 2016, the collaboration now reports an upper limit of $1.78\times10^{-10}$ for the $K^+\rightarrow\pi^+\nu\bar{\nu}$ branching ratio at 90\%\,CL. This, together with the corresponding 68\%\,CL measurement of $(0.48^{+0.72 }_{-0.48})\times10^{-10}$, are currently the most precise results worldwide, and are able to constrain some New Physics models that predict large enhancements still allowed by previous measurements.
Published: 2020

39. Graphics Processors in HEP Low-Level Trigger Systems

Author: Ammendola Roberto, Biagioni Andrea, Chiozzi Stefano, Cotta Ramusino Angelo, Cretaro Paolo, Di Lorenzo Stefano, Fantechi Riccardo, Fiorini Massimiliano, Frezza Ottorino, Lamanna Gianluca, Lo Cicero Francesca, Lonardo Alessandro, Martinelli Michele, Neri Ilaria, Paolucci Pier Stanislao, Pastorelli Elena, Piandani Roberto, Pontisso Luca, Rossetti Davide, Simula Francesco, Sozzi Marco, and Vicini Piero
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: Usage of Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) in the so called general-purpose computing is emerging as an effective approach in several fields of science, although so far applications have been employing GPUs typically for offline computations. Taking into account the steady performance increase of GPU architectures in terms of computing power and I/O capacity, the real-time applications of these devices can thrive in high-energy physics data acquisition and trigger systems. We will examine the use of online parallel computing on GPUs for the synchronous low-level trigger, focusing on tests performed on the trigger system of the CERN NA62 experiment. To successfully integrate GPUs in such an online environment, latencies of all components need analysing, networking being the most critical. To keep it under control, we envisioned NaNet, an FPGA-based PCIe Network Interface Card (NIC) enabling GPUDirect connection. Furthermore, it is assessed how specific trigger algorithms can be parallelized and thus benefit from a GPU implementation, in terms of increased execution speed. Such improvements are particularly relevant for the foreseen Large Hadron Collider (LHC) luminosity upgrade where highly selective algorithms will be essential to maintain sustainable trigger rates with very high pileup.
Published: 2016
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40. Searches for lepton number violating $K^+$ decays

Author: Cortina Gil, Eduardo, Velghe, Bob, Bryman, Douglas, Husek, Tomas, Kampf, Karol, Marchevski, Radoslav, Wanke, Rainer, Cotta Ramusino, Angelo, Fiorini, Massimiliano, Gamberini, Enrico, Gianoli, Alberto, Neri, Igor, Petrucci, Ferruccio, Bizzeti, Andrea, Bucci, Francesca, Iacopini, Enrico, Latino, Giuseppe, Lenti, Massimo, Parenti, Andrea, Volpe, Roberta, Antonelli, Antonella, Gonnella, Francesco, Lamanna, Gianluca, Lanfranchi, Gaia, David Moulson, Matthew, Kozhuharov, Venelin, Raggi, Mauro, Spadaro, Tommaso, Ambrosino, Fabio, Corvino, Michele, Di Filippo, Domenico, Massarotti, Paolo, Mirra, Marco, Napolitano, Marco, Saracino, Giulio, Anzivino, Giuseppina, Lollini, Riccardo, Santoni, Cristiano, Barbanera, Mattia, Cenci, Patrizia, checcucci, bruno, Duk, Viacheslav, Lupi, Matteo, Pepe, Monica, Piccini, Mauro, lubrano, pasquale, Costantini, Flavio, GIORGI, MARCELLO., Giudici, Sergio, Pinzino, Jacopo, Pontisso, Luca, Sozzi, Marco, Di Lella, Luigi, mannelli, italo, Fantechi, Riccardo, Pedreschi, Elena, piandani, roberto, Spinella, Franco, Biagioni, Andrea, D'Agostini, Giulio, Leonardi, Emanuele, Lonardo, Alessandro, Valente, Paolo, Vicini, Piero, Ammendola, Roberto, Bonaiuto, Vincenzo, Federici, Luca, Salamon, Andrea, Sargeni, Fausto, Arcidiacono, Roberta, Biino, Cristina, Bloch-Devaux, Brigitte, Boretto, Marco, Filippi, Alessandra, Pietro Marchetto, Flavio, Menichetti, Ezio, Migliore, Ernesto, Soldi, Dario, Engelfried, Jurgen, Patricia Estrada Tristan, Nora, Zinchenko, Alexander, Gushchin, Evgeny, Shaikhiev, Artur, Bician, Lubos, Cerny, Vladimir, Koval, Michal, Kucerova, Zuzana, Ceccucci, Augusto, Bernhard, Johannes, DÃ¶brich, Babette, Gatignon, Lau, Laycock, Paul, Mapelli, Alessandro, Perrin-Terrin, Mathieu, Ruggiero, Giuseppe, Goudzovski, Evgueni, Lurkin, Nicolas, Sergi, Antonino, Heath, Helen, Britton, David, Protopopescu, Dan, Graham, Connor, Jones, Roger, Fry, John, Massri, Karim, Coward, David, and Rubin, Philip
Abstract: The NA62 experiment at CERN reports a search for the lepton number violating decays K+→π−e+e+ and K+→π−μ+μ+ using a data sample collected in 2017. No signals are observed, and upper limits on the branching fractions of these decays of 2.2×10−10 and 4.2×10−11 are obtained, respectively, at 90% confidence level. These upper limits improve on previously reported measurements by factors of 3 and 2, respectively.
Published: 2019

41. ExaNeSt - Holistic Evaluation

Author: TAFFONI, Giuliano, Perna, Gino, Pancheri, Renato, Bridi, Stefano, TORNATORE, Luca, GOZ, David, Brandino, Giuseppe Piero, Hopton, Peter, Marazakis, Manolis, Mavrodis, Iakovos, Plumidis, Manolis, Chrysos, Nikos, Ying, Zhan, Kersten, Martin, van Ruth, Joeri, Koutsourakis, Panagiotis, Ferreira, Pedro, Lietzow, Bernd, Wohlschlegel, Patrick, Biagioni, Andrea, Vicini, Piero, Morganti, Lucia, Rigo, Alvise, Mouzakitis, Angelos, ITA, GBR, DEU, ESP, NLD, CHN, and European Commission
Abstract: This deliverable describes the holistic evaluation of the platform. Why is this needed? Because the complexity of an exascale HPC system requires more than a simple integration between different components, it is instead a complete and complex merging of different technologies with the aim of achieving the maximum efficiency of the entire system within the resource limitations of ExaNeSt. Applications have also a crucial role in this process, as the system must be usable in real cases, by real users, and not just ready for benchmarks. Consequently the evaluation of the performance cannot be limited to single parts (network, storage, FPGA, etc.) but instead the entire hardware and software components must be considered as an integrated entity. In this document we highlight how the different software and hardware components of ExaNeSt integrate to provide a single HPC platform (the ExaNeSt testbed) with maximum performance for applications, with converged virtualization and Data-Analytics and high energy efficiency achieved.
Published: 2019

42. EuroEXA Custom Switch: an innovative FPGA-based system for extreme scale computing in Europe.

Author: Doglioni, C., Kim, D., Stewart, G.A., Silvestris, L., Jackson, P., Kamleh, W., Biagioni, Andrea, Cretaro, Paolo, Frezza, Ottorino, Lo Cicero, Francesca, Lonardo, Alessandro, Paolucci, Pier Stanislao, Pontisso, Luca, Simula, Francesco, and Vicini, Piero
Subjects: COMPUTER network architectures, SCALABILITY, DATA integration, ETHERNET, COMPUTING platforms
Abstract: EuroEXA is a major European FET research initiative that aims to deliver a proof-of-concept of a next generation Exa-scalable HPC platform. EuroEXA leverages on previous projects results (ExaNeSt, ExaNoDe and ECOSCALE) to design a medium scale but scalable, fully working HPC system prototype exploiting state-of-the-art FPGA devices that integrate compute accelerators and low-latency high-throughputnetwork. Exascale-class systems are expected to host a very large number of computing nodes, from 104 up to 105, so that capability and performances of the interconnect architecture are critical to achieve high computing efficiency at this scale. In this perspective, EuroEXA enhances the ExaNet architecture, inherited by the ExaNeSt project, and introduces a multi-tier, hybrid topology network built on top of an FPGA-integrated Custom Switch that provides high throughput and low inter-node traffic latency for the different layers of the network hierarchy. Deployment of a few testbeds is planned, with incremental complexity and equipped with complete software stack and runtime environment, to support the integration and test of the network design and to allow for evaluation of system performance and scalability through benchmarks based on real HPC applications. Design and integration activities are ongoing and the first small scale prototype (50 nodes) is expected to be completed in fall 2020 followed, one year later, by the deployment of the larger prototype (250/500 nodes). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2020
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43. Search for heavy neutral lepton production in K+ decays

Author: Husek, Tomas, Kampf, Karol, Cotta Ramusino, Angelo, Fiorini, Massimiliano, Gamberini, Enrico, Gianoli, Alberto, Neri, Igor, Petrucci, Ferruccio, Bizzeti, Andrea, Bucci, Francesca, Iacopini, Enrico, Latino, Giuseppe, Lenti, Massimo, Volpe, Roberta, antonelli, antonella, Lamanna, Gianluca, Lanfranchi, Gaia, David Moulson, Matthew, Raggi, Mauro, Spadaro, Tommaso, Ambrosino, Fabio, Di Filippo, Domenico, Massarotti, Paolo, Mirra, Marco, Napolitano, Marco, Saracino, Giulio, Anzivino, Giuseppina, Santoni, Cristiano, Barbanera, Mattia, Cenci, Patrizia, Duk, Viacheslav, Lupi, Matteo, Pepe, Monica, Piccini, Mauro, lubrano, pasquale, Costantini, Flavio, GIORGI, MARCELLO., Giudici, Sergio, Pinzino, Jacopo, Pontisso, Luca, Sozzi, Marco, mannelli, italo, Fantechi, Riccardo, Spinella, Franco, Biagioni, Andrea, D'Agostini, Giulio, Leonardi, Emanuele, Lonardo, Alessandro, Valente, Paolo, Vicini, Piero, Ammendola, Roberto, Bonaiuto, Vincenzo, Federici, Luca, Salamon, Andrea, Sargeni, Fausto, Arcidiacono, Roberta, Biino, Cristina, Bloch-Devaux, Brigitte, Filippi, Alessandra, Pietro Marchetto, Flavio, Menichetti, Ezio, Migliore, Ernesto, Soldi, Dario, Zinchenko, Alexander, Gushchin, Evgeny, D'Albrich, Babette, Lurkin, Nicolas, Sergi, Antonino, Heath, Helen, Fry, John, Massri, Karim, NA62 Collaboration, Angelucci, Bruno, Britton, David, and Protopopescu, Dan
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: A search for heavy neutral lepton production in K + decays using a data sample collected with a minimum\ud bias trigger by the NA62 experiment at CERN in 2015 is reported. Upper limits at the 10−7 to 10−6 level\ud are established on the elements of the extended neutrino mixing matrix |Ue4|\ud 2 and |Uμ4|\ud 2 for heavy\ud neutral lepton mass in the ranges 170–448 MeV/c2 and 250–373 MeV/c2, respectively. This improves on\ud the previous limits from HNL production searches over the whole mass range considered for |Ue4|2 and\ud above 300 MeV/c2 for |Uμ4|2.
Published: 2018

44. NaNet: a Reconfigurable PCIe Network Interface Card Architecture for Real-time Distributed Heterogeneous Stream Processing in the NA62 Low Level Trigger.

Author: Cretaro, Paolo, primary, Biagioni, Andrea, additional, Frezza, Ottorino, additional, Lo Cicero, Francesca, additional, Lonardo, Alessandro, additional, Martinelli, Michele, additional, Paolucci, Pier Stanislao, additional, Pontisso, Luca, additional, Simula, Francesco, additional, Vicini, Piero, additional, Capone, Cristiano, additional, Capuani, Fabrizio, additional, De Bonis, Giulia, additional, Pastorelli, Elena, additional, Ammendola, Roberto, additional, Lamanna, Gianluca, additional, Sozzi, Marco, additional, Piandani, Roberto, additional, and Soldi, Dario, additional
Published: 2019
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45. THE APE-100 COMPUTER: (I) THE ARCHITECTURE

Author: BATTISTA, CLAUDIA, primary, CABASINO, SIMONE, additional, MARZANO, FRANCESCO, additional, PAOLUCCI, PIER S., additional, PECH, JARDA, additional, RAPUANO, FEDERICO, additional, SARNO, RENATA, additional, TODESCO, GIAN MARCO, additional, TORELLI, MARIO, additional, TROSS, WALTER, additional, VICINI, PIERO, additional, CABIBBO, NICOLA, additional, MARINARI, ENZO, additional, PARISI, GIORGIO, additional, SALINA, GAETANO, additional, DEL PRETE, FILIPPO, additional, LAI, ADRIANO, additional, LOMBARDO, MARIA PAOLA, additional, TRIPICCIONE, RAFFAELE, additional, and FUCCI, ADOLFO, additional
Published: 1992
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46. The INFN COSA Project: Low-Power Computing and Storage

Author: Cesini, Daniele, Corni, Elena, Falabella, Antonio, Ferraro, Andrea, Lama, Luca, Morganti, Lucia, Calore, Enrico, Schifano, Sebastiano Fabio, Michelotto, Michele, Alfieri, Roberto, De Pietri, Roberto, Boccali, Tommaso, Biagioni, Andrea, Lo Cicero, Francesca, Lonardo, Alessandro, Martinelli, Michele, Paolucci, Pier Stanislao, Pastorelli, Elena, and Vicini, Piero
Subjects: System-On-Chip, energy-efficiency, HPC, Computer Science, energy-awareness, GPU computing, NO
Published: 2018

47. Real-Time Cortical Simulations: Energy and Interconnect Scaling on Distributed Systems

Author: Simula, Francesco, primary, Pastorelli, Elena, additional, Paolucci, Pier Stanislao, additional, Martinelli, Michele, additional, Lonardo, Alessandro, additional, Biagioni, Andrea, additional, Capone, Cristiano, additional, Capuani, Fabrizio, additional, Cretaro, Paolo, additional, De Bonis, Giulia, additional, Cicero, Francesca Lo, additional, Pontisso, Luca, additional, Vicini, Piero, additional, and Ammendola, Roberto, additional
Published: 2019
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48. Gaussian and Exponential Lateral Connectivity on Distributed Spiking Neural Network Simulation

Author: Pastorelli, Elena, primary, Paolucci, Pier Stanislao, additional, Simula, Francesco, additional, Biagioni, Andrea, additional, Capuani, Fabrizio, additional, Cretaro, Paolo, additional, De Bonis, Giulia, additional, Lo Cicero, Francesca, additional, Lonardo, Alessandro, additional, Martinelli, Michele, additional, Pontisso, Luca, additional, Vicini, Piero, additional, and Ammendola, Roberto, additional
Published: 2018
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49. Latest generation interconnect technologies in APEnet+ networking infrastructure

Author: Ammendola, Roberto, primary, Biagioni, Andrea, additional, Cretaro, Paolo, additional, Frezza, Ottorino, additional, Lo Cicero, Francesca, additional, Lonardo, Alessandro, additional, Martinelli, Michele, additional, Paolucci, Pier Stanislao, additional, Pastorelli, Elena, additional, Rossetti, Davide, additional, Simula, Francesco, additional, and Vicini, Piero, additional
Published: 2017
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50. The Next Generation of Exascale-Class Systems: The ExaNeSt Project

Author: Ammendola, Roberto, primary, Biagioni, Andrea, additional, Cretaro, Paolo, additional, Frezza, Ottorino, additional, Cicero, Francesca Lo, additional, Lonardo, Alessandro, additional, Martinelli, Michele, additional, Paolucci, Pier Stanislao, additional, Pastorelli, Elena, additional, Simula, Francesco, additional, Vicini, Piero, additional, Taffoni, Giuliano, additional, Pascual, Jose A., additional, Navaridas, Javier, additional, Lujan, Mikel, additional, Goodacree, John, additional, Chrysos, Nikolaos, additional, and Katevenis, Manolis, additional
Published: 2017
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