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In onze kennismaatschappij spelen nieuwe media een belangrijke rol. Websites, e?mail en online dienstverlening horen bij het leven van elke dag. Tegelijkertijd maken ouderen een steeds groter deel van de bevolking uit. België telt bijna 2,4 miljoen vijftigplussers en er komen er elk jaar ongeveer 20.000 bij (FOD Economie, 2007; Verté, De Witte et al., 2007). Een aantal persoonlijke en maatschappelijke rolveranderingen kleuren de interesses en behoeften van deze jongere en oudere senioren. Hun ICT- en mediagebruik is daar onlosmakelijk mee verbonden. In tegenstelling tot de televisie, de krant en de gsm, die niet meer uit het leven van ouderen zijn weg te denken, is hun computer- en internetgebruik relatief beperkt. De digitale kloof lijkt momenteel sterk generatiegebonden te zijn. Het zijn voornamelijk de oudste senioren die hun weg niet willen of kunnen vinden naar ICT. Dit hoofdstuk staat stil bij enkele factoren die mediageletterdheid van ouderen belemmeren ('drempels'), dan wel stimuleren ('drijvers'). We gaan ook in op concrete voorbeelden van hoe in ons land wordt gewerkt aan digitale geletterdheid bij senioren

In all wealthy countries in the world everyday life is suffused with surveillance encounters. Some encounters obtrude into the routine, but the majority are now unremarkably just part of the fabric of daily life (Ball K. et al, 2007). The surveillance society is also reflected in the home care. Video surveillance in the home care presents challenges and opportunities in the context of the demographic transition of the European population. This transition is determined by continuous low birth rates and increasing life expectancy. This dramatic change in generational structure becomes an enormous challenge. Need for (nursing) care is one of the main consequences of increased longevity. The majority of dependent elderly are well cared for at home, mostly by relatives. Increasing life expectancy might even intensify caregiver s burdens, so that fewer relatives will be able or willing to accept them. In this matter, new mixtures of private and public services will attain increasing importance (Blüher S., 2003). In this paper we provide a nuanced answer to the question if and under which conditions video surveillance has potential within the home care field. This is illustrated by a case study, which is effectuated as proxy technology assessment (Pierson J. et al, 2006) in the IBBT research project TRANSeCARE (Transparent platforms for eCare) . This study was also a part of the Telezorg 2 project of Wit-Gele Kruis, a homecare organisation in East Flanders. The answer is based on reasons for enthusiasm, passivity or active resistance towards video surveillance invoked by the users (patient, informal caregivers, voluntary video monitor observer and home care nurse). These insights are transposed into suggestions, considerations and ideas in order to steer the development and the design rules of the actual and future technological developments. We focus successively on the use, the impact, the support, the target group, the professional organisation, the decision rights, the cost and the usability of this service.

In public services, there is an increasing focus on the individual needs of service users and an ambition to personalize services. This requires a shift from the traditional industrial thinking, focused on quantity and productivity and a narrow definition of efficiency, to a new way of thinking, further called Systematic Thinking. This way of thinking is based on the service thinking approach of Darzi (2009). A Systematic Thinking approach focuses on creating personalized services. Health and wellbeing are so fundamental that systematic thinking about care services also embraces a long-term vision and focuses on sustainable services and preventive care. Systematic Thinking about eCare services can contribute to good ideas of creating a usable, appropriate and acceptable design for pervasive healthcare services. But ideas in themselves are worthless. Service innovation is the process of taking ideas and realizing their value. If you want to know if a well-designed eCare service is desirable, it is fruitful to assess the impact of the service on the economic value chain of healthcare. This kind of research is applied in the TranseCare project.

To assess the potential of ambient assistive technologies for dependent elderly, we applied a multi-user case study putting different users in a care network. This is the case of a patient with mild dementia who has the practical experience with the technological solutions on video-surveillance, to assess and reflect on its potential and limitations for the future practices of the users of the network. The introduction of this technology gave the experience of empowerment to the dependent elderly in a direct way by reducing the experience of safety risk, as well as in an indirect way by the given insight to the informal caregivers. It was experienced as a valuable approach for gaining insight to everybody involved in the care network.

Independent living, elderly and ICT system development for the home care: the agony of choice Veys, A. & Jacobs, A. IBBT-SMIT Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium ABSTRACT: Within the eHealth field the development of independent living systems supporting the care of elderly in their own home is a hot topic. "Demographic aging" of the population in European countries is on its way and will soon start to accelerate. Policy makers look at problems of cost effectiveness and quality of care of the (health) care system. In the meantime the deployment of ICT in all aspects of the economy, services and everyday life continues apace. ICT systems present challenges and opportunities in the context of the demographic ageing of the European population. Developing these systems is expensive, but developing a generic system that fits the needs of the total heterogenic group of elderly is not feasible. This economic reason, as well as the medical rationale of helping as many people as possible, made a lot of projects focus on chronic illnesses such as heart diseases or diabetes. This pathology centric approach is only one approach of determining ones target population. A sociotechnical development perspective presupposes an influence of technological factors as well as social factors (Bijker, 1987). The technical possibilities of a momentum, and the aims of the people developing them, have to be in congruence with the social needs of the target population. Looking for this sociotechnical congruence, it might be not the patient group with the highest prevalence that can gain most in their independence of the innovative ICT-system. This paper wants to illustrate how this medical prevalence scope can be broadened into a scope focusing on dependency and its relation to the individual choice of the aged. First we want to distinguish the different approaches of the independent living concept, with a focus on the categorisation of dependence and its relation with degree of choices elderly can make in theireveryday life. Secondly, we want to report on the process of making choices with all partners from an eHealth project on the matching of functionalities of "ICT-systems-to-be". The objectives of developing ICT for elderly in the home care field and the specific objectives of the project partners delimit a target group. This chosen target group has to make choices to maintain independent living which influences for its part the objectives of developing the ICT-system. We illustrate this with the insights gained from the IBBT project TRANSeCARE (Transparant platforms for eCare). These are based on our experiences gained from the process of determining the target group.