1. ALICE: Physics Performance Report, Volume II
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Alessandro, B. Antinori, F. Belikov, J. A. Blume, C. and Dainese, A. Foka, P. Giubellino, P. Hippolyte, B. Kuhn, C. Martinez, G. Monteno, M. Morsch, A. Nayak, T. K. and Nystrand, J. Noriega, M. Lopez Paic, G. Pluta, J. and Ramello, L. Revol, J-P Safarik, K. Schukraft, J. Schutz, Y. Scomparin, E. Snellings, R. Baillie, O. Villalobos and Vercellin, E. Cortese, P. Dellacasa, G. Ramello, L. and Sitta, M. Ahmad, N. Ahmad, S. Ahmad, T. Bari, W. and Irfan, M. Zafar, M. Botje, M. Kuijer, P. G. Snellings, R. Belogianni, A. Christakoglou, P. Ganoti, P. Petridis, A. Roukoutakis, F. Spyropoulou-Stassinaki, M. Vassiliou, M. and Bruno, G. E. Cali, I. A. Caselle, M. De Cataldo, G. and Di Bari, D. Elia, D. Fini, R. A. Ghidini, B. Lenti, V. and Manzari, V. Mastroserio, A. Minafra, F. Nappi, E. and Navach, F. Pastore, C. Paticchio, V. Perrino, D. Posa, F. Santoro, R. Sgura, I Volpe, G. Corsi, F. De Venuto, D. Fratino, U. Marzocca, C. Tauro, A. Li, X. and Liu, Z. Lu, S. Lu, Z. Meng, Q. Sa, B. Yuan, J. and Zhou, J. Zhou, S. Alme, J. Bablok, S. Klovning, A. and Nystrand, J. Pommereesche, B. Richter, M. Rohrich, D. and Ullaland, K. Yang, H. Helstrup, H. Hetland, K. F. and Kileng, B. Roed, K. Choudhury, R. K. Dash, S. Mahapatra, D. P. Mishra, D. Phatak, S. C. Sahoo, R. Daniel, L. and Evans, D. Jones, G. T. Jovanovic, P. Jusko, A. Kinson, J. B. Platt, R. Lietava, R. Takaki, J. D. Tapia Baillie, O. Villalobos Alici, A. Antinori, S. Antoniolo, P. and Arcelli, S. Bari, G. Basile, M. Romeo, G. Cara and Cifarelli, L. Cindolo, F. Falchieri, D. Gabrielli, A. and Gandolfi, E. Hatzifotiadou, D. Laurenti, G. Luvisetto, M. I. and Nania, R. Noferini, F. Palmonari, F. Pesci, A. and Sartorelli, G. Sciolo, G. Vacca, G. P. Valenti, G. and Venturi, G. Williams, M. C. S. Zampolli, C. Zichichi, A. and Cerny, V. Janik, R. Lucan, L. Pikna, M. Pisut, J. and Pisutova, N. Sitar, B. Strmen, P. Szarka Zagiba, M. and Aiftimieri, C. Catanescu, V. Legrand, C. I. Petrovici, M. and Pop, A. Schiaua, C. Simion, V. Barnafoldi, G. and Boldizsar, L. Denes, E. Fodor, Z. Futo, E. Kiss, T. and Levai, P. Palla, G. Zimanyi, J. Atanassov, I. Basciu, S. and Cicalo, C. De Falco, A. Floris, M. Masoni, A. Mura, D. Puddu, G. Serci, S. Siddi, S. Usai, G. Badala, A. and Barbera, R. Lo Re, G. Palmeri, A. Pappalardo, G. S. and Pulvirenti, A. Riggi, F. Anelli, G. Augustin, I. and Augustinus, A. Baechler, J. Belikov, J. A. Betev, L. and Boccardi, A. Brun, R. Burns, M. Buncic, P. Campagnolo, R. Campbell, M. Carena, F. Carena, W. Carminati, F. and Chapeland, S. Cheshkov, C. Chochula, P. Christiansen, P. and Colla, A. Belbute, B. F. Correia Davenport, M. de Groot, J. and Di Mauro, A. Divia, R. Engster, C. Evrard, S. and Fabjan, C. W. Feng, L. Flierl, D. Formenti, F. Fuchs, U. and Garcia Lopez, A. Gheata, A. Gheata, M. and Gonzalez-Gutierrez, C. Grosso, R. Gruwe, M. Gustafsson, H. A. Hoedelmoser, H. Hristov, P. Ivanov, M. Jirden, L. and Jorgensen, C. Junique, A. Kapusta, S. Kickinger, W. and Klempt, W. Kluge, A. Leistam, L. Lo, J. P. Noriega, M. Lopez Lourenco, C. Makhylyueve, I. Marin, J. C. and Martinengo, P. Meunier-Picard, D. Meoni, M. Morel, M. and Morsch, A. Mota, B. Muller, H. Musa, L. Nayak, T. K. and Nilsson, P. Nouais, D. Osmic, F. Perini, D. Pestotnik, R. Peters, A. Morais, V. Pinto Popescu, S. Rademakers, F. Revol, J. P. Riedler, P. Riegler, W. Safarik, K. and Schossmaier, K. Schukraft, J. Schutz, Y. Silva Loureiro, P. A. Soos, C. Stefanini, G. Swoboda, D. Tadel, M. and Taureg, H. Tavlet, M. Tissot-Daguette, P. de Matos, C. Torcato Vande Vyvre, P. Vanuxem, J. P. Aggarwal, M. M. and Bhati, A. K. Kumar, A. Sharma, M. Sood, G. Baldit, A. and Barret, V. Bastid, N. Blanchard, G. Castor, J. and Crochet, P. Daudon, F. Devaux, A. Dupieux, P. Force, P. and Grigoryan, S. Guerin, F. Guerin, F. Guernane, R. and Insa, C. Jouve, F. Lecoq, J. Manso, F. Rosnet, P. and Royer, L. Saturnini, P. Savinel, G. Humanic, T. J. and Kotov, I. V. Lisa, M. Nilsen, B. S. Truesdale, D. and Johnson, D. Bearden, I. Boggild, H. Christensen, C. H. and Gaardhoje, J. J. Gulbrandtsen, K. Nielsen, B. S. Renault, G. and Bartke, J. Gladysz-Dziadus, E. Kornas, E. Kowalski, M. and Rybicki, A. Wroblewski, A. Andronic, A. Antonczyk, D. and Badura, E. Bailhache, R. Berdermann, E. Braun-Munzinger, P. Busch, O. Ciobanu, M. Foka, P. Frankenfeld, U. and Garabatos, C. Gutbrod, H. Lippmann, C. Malzacher, P. and Marin, A. Miskowiec, D. Radomski, S. Schmidt, H. R. and Schwarz, K. Sedykh, K. Simon, R. S. Soyk, D. Stelzer, H. and Stockmeier, M. Tziledakis, G. Vranic, D. Wiechula, J. and Bonnes, U. Kraus, I. Oeschler, H. Appelshauser, H. and Blume, C. Dietel, T. Gazdzicki, M. Hartig, M. Kliemant, M. Kniege, S. Kolleger, T. Kramer, F. Lange, F. and Loizides, C. Ploskon, M. Renfordt, R. Sommer, W. Stock, R. Strobele, H. Berdnikov, Ya Ivanov, V Khanzadeev, A. and Miftakhov, N. Nicoulin, V. Polyakov, V. Rostchin, E. and Samsonov, V. Tarasenkova, O. Tarakanov, V. Zhalov, M. and Lopez Torres, E. Abrahantes Quintana, A. Diaz Valdes, R. and Angelov, T. Alt V. Cuveland, J. Gutfleish, M. Kalcher, S. and Lindenstruth, V. Panse, R. Reichling, C. Schneider, R. and Steinbeck, T. Troger, H. Tilsner G. Wiebalck, A. Adler, C. Emschermann, D. Glassel, P. Herrmann, N. Ludolphs, W. and Mahmoud, T. Mercado, J. Milosevic, J. Oyama, K. and Rusanov, I. Schnicker, R. Shukla, P. Soltveit, H. C. and Stachel, J. Vulpescu, B. Windelband, B. Yurevich, S. and Shigaki, K. Sugitate, T. Raniwala, S. Badyal, S. K. and Bala, R. Bhasin, A. Gupta, A. Gupta, V. K. Mahajan, S. and Mangotra, L. K. Potukuchi, B. V. K. S. Sambyal, S. S. and Akichine, P. G. Arefiev, V. A. Baatar, T. Batiounia, B. V. and Chepurnov, V. F. Chernenko, S. A. Dodokhov, V. K. and Fateev, O. V. Fedunov, A. G. Haiduc, M. Hasegun, D. and Kadychevsky, V. G. Kharadze, G. Khurelbaatar, B. and Koshurnikov, E. K. Lioubochits, V. C. Lobanov, V. I. and Malinina, L. V. Minaev, Y. I. Nioradze, M. Nomokonov, P. V. and Panebrattsev, Y. A. Penev, V. N. Pismennaya, V. G. and Pocheptsov, T. A. Roufanov, I. Shabratova, G. S. Shestakov, V. Shkloskaya, A. I. Sorin, A. S. Suleimanov, M. K. and Tevzadze, Y. Togoo, R. Vodopianov, A. S. Yurevich, V. I. and Zanevsky, Y. V. Zaporojets, S. A. Zinchenko, A. I. Aysto, J. and Bondila, M. Lyapin, V. Oinonen, M. Malkiewicz, T. and Ruuskanen, V. Seppanen, H. Trzaska, W. Yamaletkinov, S. and Jung, H. T. Jung, W. Kim, D. W. Kim, H. N. Kim, J. S. and Lee, K. S. Lee, S. C. Blank, T. Gemmeke, H. Bochek, G. L. Dovbnya, A. N. Kulibaba, V. I. Maslov, N. I. and Naumov, S. V. Ovchinnik, V. D. Potin, S. M. Starodubtsev, A. F. Borshchov, V. N. Chykalov, O. Kaurova, L. Kiprich, S. K. Klymova, L. Listratenko, O. M. Mykhylova, M. and Protenko, M. Reznik, O. Starkov, V. E. Kadenko, I. and Martynov, Y. Molodtsov, S. Sinyukov, Y. Zinovjev, G. and Bhattacharya, P. Bose, S. Chatterjee, S. Chattopadhyay, S. and Das, D. Das, I. Dutt-Mazumder, A. K. Majumdar, N. and Mukhopadhyay, S. Pal, S. Paul, L. Roy, P. Sanyal, A. and Sarkar, S. Sen, P. Sen, S. K. Sinha, B. C. Sinha, T. and Ahammed, Z. Bhaskar, P. Chattopadhyay, S. Das, D. Das, S. Majumdar, M. R. Dutta Ganti, M. S. Ghosh, P. Mohanty, B. Netrakanti, P. K. Pal, S. Singaraju, R. N. Singhal, V. Sinha, B. Viyogi, Y. P. Hartung, G. Krawutschke, T. and Ban, J. Bombara, M. Dirner, A. Hnatic, M. Kralik, I. and Kravcakova, A. Krivan, F. Krivda, M. Martinska, G. and Pastircak, B. Sandor, L. Urban, J. Vrlakova, J. and Cinausero, M. Fioretto, E. Prete, G. Ricci, R. A. and Vannucci, L. Branco, P. Carvalho, R. Seixas, J. Vilela Mendes, R. Oskarsson, A. Osterman, L. Otterlund, I. and Stenlund, E. A. Cheynis, B. Ducroux, L. Grossiord, J. Y. and Guichard, A. Pillot, P. Rapp, B. Tieulent, R. Molina, J. R. Alfaro Ayala, A. Moreno, E. Belmont Contreras, J. G. and Cuautle, E. D'Olivo, J. C. Dominguez, I. Flores, A. and Grabski, V. Corral, G. Herrera Linares, M. Martinez, M. I. and Martinez Davalos, A. Menchaca-Rocha, A. Montano Zetina, L. M. Nellen, L. Paic, G. del Pino, J. Reyes, P. and Sandoval, A. Vergara, S. Zepeda, A. Feshchenko, V. A. and Golubeva, M. B. Gorlychev, V. G. Guber, F. F. Karavichev, O. V. Karavicheva, T. L. Karpechev, E. V. Kurepin, A. B. and Maevskaya, A. I. Marin, V. V. Pshenichnov, I. A. Razin, V. I. Reshetin, A. I. Shileev, K. A. Topil'skaia, N. S. and Akindinov, A. N. Golovine, V. Kaidalov, A. B. Kats, M. M. and Kiselev, I. T. Kisselev, S. M. Lioublev, E. Martemianov, M. Martemiyanov, A. N. Polozov, P. A. Serov, V. S. and Smirnitski, A. V. Tchoumakov, M. M. Vetlitski, I. A. and Volochine, K. G. Vorobiev, L. S. Zagreev, B. V. Aleksandrov, D. Antonenko, V. Beliaev, S. Fokine, S. Ippolitov, M. and Karadjev, K. Koutcheriaev, I. Lebedev, V. Manko, V. I. and Moukhanova, T. Nianine, A. Nikolaev, S. Nikouline, S. and Patarakine, O. Peressounko, D. Sibiriak, I. Tsvetkov, A. and Vasiliev, A. Vinogradov, A. Yushmanov, I Grigoriev, V. A. Kaplin, V. A. Loginov, V. A. Nandi, B. K. Varma, R. and Chandratre, V. Kataria, V. Baumann, C. Glasow, R. and Gottschlag, H. Grosse-Oetringhaus, J. F. Heine, N. and Klein-Bosing, C. Reygers, K. Santo, R. Verhoeven, W. and Wessels, J. Wilk, A. Aphecetche, L. Berny, R. Bouvier, S. Conesa-Balbastre, G. Conesa-del-Valle, Z. Cussonneau, J. P. Delagrange, H. Dialinas, M. Finck, C. Erazmus, B. and Germain, M. Lefevre, F. Luquin, L. Martinez, G. Renard, C. Roy, C. Tournaire, A. Frolov, A. R. Pestov, I. N. and Awes, T. Cherney, M. Gorbunov, Y. Bimbot, L. Chambert, V. Charpy, A. Comets, M. P. Courtat, P. Drouet, S. and Edelbruck, P. Espagnon, B. Hfrivnacova, I. Kunne, R. Le Bornec, Y. Mac Cormick, M. Peyre, J. Pouthas, J. and Bravina, L. Lovhoiden, G. Skaali, B. Tveter, T. S. Vik, T. Antinori, F. Dainese, A. Dima, R. Fabris, D. and Faivre, J. Lunardon, M. Morando, M. Moretto, S. Pepato, A. Quercigh, E. Scarlassara, F. Segato, G. Turrisi, R. and Viesti, G. Choi, J. Beitlerova, A. Mares, J. Polak, K. Zavada, P. Petracek, V. Pachr, M. Skoda, L. and Bogolyubsky, M. Yu Khaoustov, G. V. Kharlov, Yu V. Minaev, N. G. Petrov, V. S. Polichtchouk, B. V. Sadovsky, S. A. and Senko, V. A. Soloviev, A. S. Stolpovsky, P. V. Victorov, V. A. Fernandez Tellez, A. Gamez Flores, E. Lopez-Ramirez, R. and Ortiz-Velczquez, A. Pagliarone, C. Roman-Lopez, S. and Tejeda-Munoz, G. Vargas, A. Villasenor Cendejas, L. Adamova, D. Kouchpil, S. Kouchpil, V. Kugler, A. Sumbera, M. and Wagner, V. Di Liberto, S. Mazzoni, M. A. Meddi, F. and Urciuoli, G. M. Cleymans, J. de Vaux, G. Fearick, R. W. and Szostak, A. Vilakazi, Z. Z. Anfreville, M. Baldisseri, A. and Becker, B. Borel, H. Castillo, J. Charvet, J. L. and Combet, M. Gosset, J. Hardy, P. Herlant, S. Orsini, F. and Penichot, Y. Pereira, H. Staley, F. M. Usseglio, M. and De Caro, A. De Gruttola, D. De Pasquale, S. Di Bartolomeo, A. Girard, M. Fusco Grella, G. Guarnaccia, C. Guida, M. and Romano, G. Sellitto, S. Silvestri, R. Virgili, T. and Basmanov, V. Budnikov, D. Demanov, V. Ianowski, V. and Ilkaev, R. Ivanov, A. Khlebnikov, A. Kouryakin, A. and Mikhailov, E. Nazarenko, S. Pavlov, V. Philchagin, S. and Punin, A. Punin, V. Poutevskoi, S. Rybin, A. Selin, I. and Smetanin, M. Telnov, A. Treskov, S. Vikhlyantsev, O. and Vinogradov, I Vyushin, A. Zavyalov, N. Zhelezov, S. and Zhitnik, A. Gotovac, S. Mudnic, E. Vidak, L. Asryan, A. G. Braun, M. A. Derkach, D. A. Feofilov, G. A. Igolkin, S. N. Ivanov, A. S. Kolevatov, R. S. Kolojvari, A. A. and Kondratiev, V. P. Naumenko, P. A. Toulina, T. A. Valiev, F. F. Vechernin, V. V. Vinogradov, L. I. Baudot, J. Bonnet, D. Coffin, J. P. Estienne, M. Hippolyte, B. Kuhn, C. and Lutz, J. R. Vernet, R. Hamagaki, H. Ozawa, K. Bonvicini, V. Borysov, O. Bosisio, L. Bregant, M. Camerini, P. and Contin, G. Faleschini, F. Fragiacomo, E. Grion, N. and Margagliotti, G. Piano, S. Rachevskaya, I. Rachevski, A. and Rui, R. Vacchi, A. Alessandro, B. Arnaldi, R. Bagnasco, S. Batigne, G. Beole, S. Bruna, E. Cerello, P. and Chiavassa, E. Cobanoglu, O. Coli, S. Crescio, E. De Marco, N. De Remigis, P. Ferretti, A. Gagliardi, M. and Gallio, M. Gaudichet, L. Gemme, R. Giraudo, G. and Giubellino, P. Idzik, M. Martoiu, S. Chiesa, A. Marzari and Masera, M. Mazza, G. Mereu, P. Monteno, M. Musso, A. and Oppedisano, C. Piccotti, A. Poggio, F. Prino, F. and Riccati, L. Rivetti, A. Scomparin, E. Stocco, D. and Tosello, F. Toscano, L. Travaglia, G. Vercellin, E. and Werbrouck, A. Wheadon, R. Yermia, F. Miake, Y. Esumi, S. and Buskop, J. J. F. De Haas, A. P. Ivan, C. Kamermans, R. and Mischke, A. Nooren, G. Oskamp, C. J. Peitzmann, Th. and Simili, E. Sokolov, O. Van Den Brink, A. Van Eijndhoven, N. and Enyo, H. Fujiwara, K. Kano, H. Onishi, H. Deloff, A. and Dobrowolski, T. Karpio, K. Malek, M. Malinowski, H. and Redlich, K. Siemiarczuk, T. Stefanek, G. Tykarski, L. and Wilk, G. Chajecki, Z. Gos, H. Janik, M. Jedynak, M. and Kisiel, A. Pawlak, T. J. Peryt, W. S. Pluta, J. and Skowronski, P. Slodkowski, M. Szuba, P. Traczyk, T. and Conner, E. S. Keidel, R. Cai, X. Ding, H. T. Liu, H. and Wang, X. R. Yang, H. Y. Yin, Z. B. Zhou, D. C. Cao, X. and Li, Q. Liu, Y. Z. Su, G. Tan, L. Zhu, G. X. and Atayan, M. Grigoryan, A. Gulkanyan, H. Harutyunyan, A. and Hayrapetyan, A. Kakoyan, V. Poghosyan, M. Sargsyan, G. and Anticic, T. Kadija, K. Susa, T. Arleo, F. Armesto, N. and Aurenche, P. Benhabib, L. Bogdanov, A. Borghini, N. and Carrer, N. Csorgo, T. Gupta, S. Heinz, U. W. Jacobs, P. M. Lednicky, R. Letessier, J. Mrowczynski, S. Rafelski, J. Ranft, J. Silvermyr, D. Wiedemann, U. A. Scapparone, E. ALICE Collaboration
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Nuclear Experiment - Abstract
ALICE is a general-purpose heavy-ion experiment designed to study the physics of strongly interacting matter and the quark-gluon plasma in nucleus-nucleus collisions at the LHC. It currently involves more than 900 physicists and senior engineers, from both the nuclear and high-energy physics sectors, from over 90 institutions in about 30 countries. The ALICE detector is designed to cope with the highest particle multiplicities above those anticipated for Pb-Pb collisions (dN(ch)/dy up to 8000) and it will be operational at the start-up of the LHC. In addition to heavy systems, the ALICE Collaboration will study collisions of lower-mass ions, which are a means of varying the energy density, and protons (both pp and pA), which primarily provide reference data for the nucleus-nucleus collisions. In addition, the pp data will allow for a number of genuine pp physics studies. The detailed design of the different detector systems has been laid down in a number of Technical Design Reports issued between mid-1998 and the end of 2004. The experiment is currently under construction and will be ready for data taking with both proton and heavy-ion beams at the start-up of the LHC. Since the comprehensive information on detector and physics performance was last published in the ALICE Technical Proposal in 1996, the detector, as well as simulation, reconstruction and analysis software have undergone significant development. The Physics Performance Report (PPR) provides an updated and comprehensive summary of the performance of the various ALICE subsystems, including updates to the Technical Design Reports, as appropriate. The PPR is divided into two volumes. Volume I, published in 2004 (CERN/LHCC 2003-049, ALICE Collaboration 2004 J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. 30 1517-1763), contains in four chapters a short theoretical overview and an extensive reference list concerning the physics topics of interest to ALICE, the experimental conditions at the LHC, a short summary and update of the subsystem designs, and a description of the offline framework and Monte Carlo event generators. The present volume, Volume II, contains the majority of the information relevant to the physics performance in proton-proton, proton-nucleus, and nucleus-nucleus collisions. Following an introductory overview, Chapter 5 describes the combined detector performance and the event reconstruction procedures, based on detailed simulations of the individual subsystems. Chapter 6 describes the analysis and physics reach for a representative sample of physics observables, from global event characteristics to hard processes.
- Published
- 2006