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This research seeks to understand the link between urban heat island and urban cool island, which are the Local Climatic Zones (LCZ) and atmospheric systems during the winter season in the city of Balneário Camboriú, Southern Brazil. First, meteorological data on the urban environment was collected at 11 permanent points in the Balneário Camboriú metropolitan region. Next, a synoptic analysis of the dates was performed to understand the atmospheric systems operating in the region. Finally, the LCZs map created for the city in the World Urban Database and Access Portal Tools was used to correlate the magnitudes of the heat and cool islands found in Balneário Camboriú in the winter period. The results indicate that the increasing verticalization as a result of the construction of skyscrapers in Balneário Camboriú has a significant influence on local conditions for the occurrence of heat and cold islands. The findings indicate that LCZs with sparsely distributed buildings (LCZs 6, 8 and 9) and LCZs with dense vegetation (LCZ A) have lower intensity magnitudes of heat and cool conditions. The biggest magnitudes of heat and cool islands were reported in LCZs 1 and 3 during the timeframe. The synoptic analysis supports earlier research that points to atmospheric stability (Anticyclonic domain) as a favorable atmospheric setting for the emergence of urban heat and coolness islands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Trunk inclination in patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) in the supine position has gained scientific interest due to its effects on respiratory physiology, including mechanics, oxygenation, ventilation distribution, and efficiency. Changing from flat supine to semi-recumbent increases driving pressure due to decreased respiratory system compliance. Positional adjustments also deteriorate ventilatory efficiency for CO2 removal, particularly in COVID-19-associated ARDS (C-ARDS), indicating likely lung parenchyma overdistension. Tilting the trunk reduces chest wall compliance and, to a lesser extent, lung compliance and transpulmonary driving pressure, with significant hemodynamic and gas exchange implications. Methods: A prospective, pilot physiological study was conducted on early ARDS patients in two ICUs at CHU Clermont-Ferrand, France. The protocol involved 30-min step gradual verticalization from a 30° semi-seated position (baseline) to different levels of inclination (0°, 30°, 60°, and 90°), before returning to the baseline position. Measurements included tidal volume, positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), esophageal pressures, and pulmonary artery catheter data. The primary endpoint was the variation in transpulmonary driving pressure through the verticalization procedure. Results: From May 2020 through January 2021, 30 patients were included. Transpulmonary driving pressure increased slightly from baseline (median and interquartile range [IQR], 9 [5–11] cmH2O) to the 90° position (10 [7–14] cmH2O; P < 10–2 for the overall effect of position in mixed model). End-expiratory lung volume increased with verticalization, in parallel to decreases in alveolar strain and increased arterial oxygenation. Verticalization was associated with decreased cardiac output and stroke volume, and increased norepinephrine doses and serum lactate levels, prompting interruption of the procedure in two patients. There were no other adverse events such as falls or equipment accidental removals. Conclusions: Verticalization to 90° is feasible in ARDS patients, improving EELV and oxygenation up to 30°, likely due to alveolar recruitment and blood flow redistribution. However, there is a risk of overdistension and hemodynamic instability beyond 30°, necessitating individualized bed angles based on clinical situations. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov registration number NCT04371016, April 24, 2020. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is sometimes associated with significant perioperative bleeding. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of tranexamic acid (TXA) in reducing perioperative blood loss in patients undergoing primary TKA. The secondary objectives were to assess the efficacy of TXA in reducing the need for blood transfusion in these patients and to determine its effect on verticalization and ambulation after TKA. Materials and Methods: This study included 96 patients who were randomly assigned to two groups, each containing 48 patients. The study group received intravenous TXA at two time points: immediately after the induction with doses of 15 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg 15 min before the release of the pneumatic tourniquet. The control group received an equivalent volume of 0.9% saline solution via the same route. Results: TXA markedly reduced (Z = −6.512, p < 0.001) the total perioperative blood loss from 892.56 ± 324.46 mL, median 800 mL, interquartile range (IQR) 530 mL in the control group, to 411.96 ± 172.74 mL, median 375 mL, IQR 200 mL, in the TXA group. In the TXA group, only 5 (10.4%) patients received a transfusion, while in the control group, 22 (45.83%) received it (χ2 = 15.536, p = 0.001). Patients in the study group stood (χ2 = 21.162, p < 0.001) and ambulated earlier postoperatively, compared to the control group (χ2 = 26.274, p < 0.001). Patients who received TXA had a better overall postoperative functional recovery. There was a statistically significant difference in all the above results. Conclusions: TXA is an effective drug for reducing the incidence of perioperative bleeding, decreasing transfusion rates, and indirectly improving postoperative functional recovery in patients undergoing primary TKA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Verticalization reconfigures plot patterns and private space's relationship with public space at the street level. This paper analyzes eight verticalized neighborhoods in the Santiago Metropolitan Area (SMA) to understand what plot patterns emerge from verticalization and how plot transformation processes affect public space. The empirical research was based on the analysis of plot surface and plot geometry transformations, and of spatial planning urban codes. The study develops quantitative measures and qualitative analysis identifying and presenting four plot transformation categories: (1) Homogenous verticalization through regular plot transformation, (2) Incomplete verticalization through diverse plot configuration, (3) Scattered and intense verticalization, with a partial plot reconfiguration, and (4) Scattered verticalization with changes in plot pattern. The evidence suggests that the plot structure's initial configuration contributes to the urban fabric's consistency and adaptability to verticalization and that urban codes are inconsistent with pre-existing urban form. Plot pattern transformations derived from verticalization unleash significant scale changes in the urban fabric that reconfigure the public–private interface, with greater degrees of enclosure between the plot and the street. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The exponential growth of urban populations and city infrastructure globally presents distinct patterns, impacting climate change forecasts and urban climates. This study conducts a systematic review of the literature focusing on human thermal comfort (HTC) in outdoor urban environments. The findings indicate a significant surge in studies exploring HTC in open urban spaces in recent decades. While historically centered on Northern Hemisphere cities, there is a recent shift, with discussions extending to various metropolitan contexts in the Southern Hemisphere. Commonly employed urban categorization systems include Sky View Factor (SVF), Height × Width (H/W) ratio, and the emerging Local Climate Zones (LCZs), facilitating the characterization of urban areas and their usage. Various thermal indices, like Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET), Predicted Mean Vote (PMV), Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI), and Standard Effective Temperature (SET), are frequently utilized in evaluating external HTC in metropolitan areas. These indices have undergone validation in the literature, establishing their reliability and applicability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Early Mobilization in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) enhances patients’ evolution, but has been rarely studied in neurological ICUs. The aim of this study was to assess gait training with body-weight support (BWS) in neuroICU, and to report on its safety, feasibility and on delays before walking with and without BWS. Methods This study was an observational one-year single-center study. Inclusion criteria were adults with a neurological injury requiring mechanical ventilation. Exclusion criteria were early death or ICU transfer. After weaning from ventilation, patients were screened for indications of BWS walking using predefined criteria. Results Patients’ conditions were mostly brain injuries: 32% subarachnoid hemorrhages, 42% focal strokes, and 12% traumatic brain injuries. Out of 272 admissions, 136 patients were excluded, 78 were eligible, and 33 performed BWS walking. Among non-eligible patients, 36 walked unsuspended upon ventilation weaning, 17 presented too severe impairments. Among the 45 eligible patients who did not receive BWS training, main reasons were workload and weekends (31%), medical barriers (29%), and early ICU discharge (22%). 78 BWS sessions were performed on the 33 beneficiaries (median sessions per patient 2, max 10). Pre-session, most patients had inadequate response to pain, orders, or simple orientation questions. Sitting without support was impossible for 74%. Most pre-post changes in hemodynamic, respiratory, and pain parameters were small, and recovered spontaneously after the session. Eight sessions were interrupted; reasons were pain, fatigue or major imbalance (4), syncope (1), occurrence of stool (2), and battery failure (1). None of these adverse events required medical intervention, patients recovered upon session interruption. Median session duration was 31 min, patients walked on median 17 m. First BWS session occurred on median 3 days after ventilation weaning, and 11 days before patients were able to walk unsuspended. Conclusions Verticalization and walking using a suspension device in patients in neuroICU allows early gait training, despite challenging neurological impairments. It is safe and generally well tolerated. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials database (ID: NCT04300491).

Copyright of Estudios Demográficos y Urbanos is the property of El Colegio de Mexico AC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Early Mobilization in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) enhances patients' evolution, but has been rarely studied in neurological ICUs. The aim of this study was to assess gait training with body-weight support (BWS) in neuroICU, and to report on its safety, feasibility and on delays before walking with and without BWS. Methods: This study was an observational one-year single-center study. Inclusion criteria were adults with a neurological injury requiring mechanical ventilation. Exclusion criteria were early death or ICU transfer. After weaning from ventilation, patients were screened for indications of BWS walking using predefined criteria. Results: Patients' conditions were mostly brain injuries: 32% subarachnoid hemorrhages, 42% focal strokes, and 12% traumatic brain injuries. Out of 272 admissions, 136 patients were excluded, 78 were eligible, and 33 performed BWS walking. Among non-eligible patients, 36 walked unsuspended upon ventilation weaning, 17 presented too severe impairments. Among the 45 eligible patients who did not receive BWS training, main reasons were workload and weekends (31%), medical barriers (29%), and early ICU discharge (22%). 78 BWS sessions were performed on the 33 beneficiaries (median sessions per patient 2, max 10). Pre-session, most patients had inadequate response to pain, orders, or simple orientation questions. Sitting without support was impossible for 74%. Most pre-post changes in hemodynamic, respiratory, and pain parameters were small, and recovered spontaneously after the session. Eight sessions were interrupted; reasons were pain, fatigue or major imbalance (4), syncope (1), occurrence of stool (2), and battery failure (1). None of these adverse events required medical intervention, patients recovered upon session interruption. Median session duration was 31 min, patients walked on median 17 m. First BWS session occurred on median 3 days after ventilation weaning, and 11 days before patients were able to walk unsuspended. Conclusions: Verticalization and walking using a suspension device in patients in neuroICU allows early gait training, despite challenging neurological impairments. It is safe and generally well tolerated. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials database (ID: NCT04300491). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arquitectura + is the property of Revista Arquitectura + and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background and Objectives: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is sometimes associated with significant perioperative bleeding. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of tranexamic acid (TXA) in reducing perioperative blood loss in patients undergoing primary TKA. The secondary objectives were to assess the efficacy of TXA in reducing the need for blood transfusion in these patients and to determine its effect on verticalization and ambulation after TKA. Materials and Methods: This study included 96 patients who were randomly assigned to two groups, each containing 48 patients. The study group received intravenous TXA at two time points: immediately after the induction with doses of 15 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg 15 min before the release of the pneumatic tourniquet. The control group received an equivalent volume of 0.9% saline solution via the same route. Results: TXA markedly reduced (Z = −6.512, p < 0.001) the total perioperative blood loss from 892.56 ± 324.46 mL, median 800 mL, interquartile range (IQR) 530 mL in the control group, to 411.96 ± 172.74 mL, median 375 mL, IQR 200 mL, in the TXA group. In the TXA group, only 5 (10.4%) patients received a transfusion, while in the control group, 22 (45.83%) received it (χ2 = 15.536, p = 0.001). Patients in the study group stood (χ2 = 21.162, p < 0.001) and ambulated earlier postoperatively, compared to the control group (χ2 = 26.274, p < 0.001). Patients who received TXA had a better overall postoperative functional recovery. There was a statistically significant difference in all the above results. Conclusions: TXA is an effective drug for reducing the incidence of perioperative bleeding, decreasing transfusion rates, and indirectly improving postoperative functional recovery in patients undergoing primary TKA.

Background: Autoregulation of the cerebral vasculature keeps brain perfusion stable over a range of systemicmean arterial pressures to ensure brain functioning, e.g., in different body positions. Verticalization, i.e., transfer from lying (0°) to upright (70°), which causes systemic blood pressure drop, would otherwise dramatically lower cerebral perfusion pressure inducing fainting. Understanding cerebral autoregulation is therefore a prerequisite to safe mobilization of patients in therapy. Aim: We measured the impact of verticalization on cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) and systemic blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR) and oxygen saturation in healthy individuals. Methods: Wemeasured CBFV in themiddle cerebral artery (MCA) of the dominant hemisphere in 20 subjects using continuous transcranial doppler ultrasound (TCD). Subjects were verticalized at 0°, -5°, 15°, 30°, 45° and 70° for 3-5min each, using a standardized Sara Combilizer chair. In addition, blood pressure, heart rate and oxygen saturation were continuously monitored. Results: We show that CBFV progressively decreases in the MCA with increasing degrees of verticalization. Systolic and diastolic BP, as well as HR, show a compensatory increase during verticalization. Conclusion: In healthy adults CBFV changes rapidly with changing levels of verticalization. The changes in the circulatory parameters are similar to results regarding classic orthostasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Verticalization is a common therapeutic intervention during rehabilitation of patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC). The Erigo®Pro is a robotic tilt-table (RTT) with built-in stepping unit for the lower extremities to prevent orthostatic hypotension during verticalization. In addition, the system also provides functional electrical stimulation (FES) of muscles of the lower extremities. In this randomized controlled clinical trial (RCT), 47 patients with subacute DoC received a 4-week verticalization regime (16 verticalization sessions) and were allocated to one of three experimental groups: (1) verticalization by means of RTT with FES, (2) by means of RTT without FES, or (3) by conventional physiotherapy (CPT). Level of consciousness (LoC), spasticity, functional independence in daily activities, and functional brain connectivity measured by means of high-density quantitative EEG were assessed at baseline, directly after the verticalization program and after 6 months. There was a similar clinical improvement in all three experimental groups. RTT was not associated with an effect on any of the clinical outcomes. Verticalization or mobilization time during the study period was significantly positively correlated with recovery of consciousness (rho = 0.494, p < 0.001) in the short term and showed a statistical trend at the 6 months follow-up (rho = 0.244, p = 0.078). In conclusion, RTT treatment is not more effective in promoting recovery of consciousness than CPT in subacute DoC patients. Yet, our data suggest, that verticalization may be an important and feasible rehabilitation intervention in this group of patients. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT Number NCT02639481, registered on December 24, 2015. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The exponential growth of urban populations and city infrastructure globally presents distinct patterns, impacting climate change forecasts and urban climates. This study conducts a systematic review of the literature focusing on human thermal comfort (HTC) in outdoor urban environments. The findings indicate a significant surge in studies exploring HTC in open urban spaces in recent decades. While historically centered on Northern Hemisphere cities, there is a recent shift, with discussions extending to various metropolitan contexts in the Southern Hemisphere. Commonly employed urban categorization systems include Sky View Factor (SVF), Height × Width (H/W) ratio, and the emerging Local Climate Zones (LCZs), facilitating the characterization of urban areas and their usage. Various thermal indices, like Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET), Predicted Mean Vote (PMV), Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI), and Standard Effective Temperature (SET), are frequently utilized in evaluating external HTC in metropolitan areas. These indices have undergone validation in the literature, establishing their reliability and applicability.

BackgroundAutoregulation of the cerebral vasculature keeps brain perfusion stable over a range of systemic mean arterial pressures to ensure brain functioning, e.g., in different body positions. Verticalization, i.e., transfer from lying (0°) to upright (70°), which causes systemic blood pressure drop, would otherwise dramatically lower cerebral perfusion pressure inducing fainting. Understanding cerebral autoregulation is therefore a prerequisite to safe mobilization of patients in therapy.AimWe measured the impact of verticalization on cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) and systemic blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR) and oxygen saturation in healthy individuals.MethodsWe measured CBFV in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) of the dominant hemisphere in 20 subjects using continuous transcranial doppler ultrasound (TCD). Subjects were verticalized at 0°, −5°, 15°, 30°, 45° and 70° for 3–5 min each, using a standardized Sara Combilizer chair. In addition, blood pressure, heart rate and oxygen saturation were continuously monitored.ResultsWe show that CBFV progressively decreases in the MCA with increasing degrees of verticalization. Systolic and diastolic BP, as well as HR, show a compensatory increase during verticalization.ConclusionIn healthy adults CBFV changes rapidly with changing levels of verticalization. The changes in the circulatory parameters are similar to results regarding classic orthostasis.RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT04573114.

Today stroke is an urgent medical and social problem in our country, which is associated with a high disability of patients, especially people of working age. In this regard, one of the urgent tasks of the health care of the republic is to reduce the level of disability, improve the quality of life of patients after a stroke and return to work. In order to achieve such goals, it is necessary to introduce early rehabilitation methods into clinical practice, with a study of the issues of safety and effectiveness in the long term. To ensure the safety of the procedure and to determine the rehabilitation potential, the state of the autonomic nervous system has been actively studied in recent years. In this connection, we analyzed the literature data with the search for original articles on the early rehabilitation of patients with stroke over the past 10 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of urban spatial dynamics generates an approach of great importance in scientific research, whose purpose is to determine the evolution of models and patterns of spatial distribution in the revaluation of land uses. The spatial arrangement of longitudinal axes or corridors in height with functions of centrality in Mexico City has been shaped through the transit of the monocentric urban structure of the metropolis in the mid-20th century, transited between 1950 and 1980 through a stage of multiple hierarchical centralities, towards that of a complex web of tertiary and residential urban corridors of high economic cost that organize it today. The work aims to historically develop the socio-territorial configuration of Mexico City that is currently moving towards multi-nuclear forms of organization, structuring and functions of centrality, framed by the current high-rise real estate boom; To visualize the territorial configuration, georeferenced data-bases are built from official statistical information and their subsequent link to a Geography Information System as a tool for the management and creation of cartographic products for spatial analysis and cartographic overlay. In this sense, the statistical and cartographic results allow us to evaluate that the magnitude and scope of the changes in mixed land uses, focused on determining the spatial distribution of the new nodes and corridors in height, advance mainly towards the western area of the city, largely complementing the centrality of traditional urban corridors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the process of verticalizing the municipality of Estación Central, focusing on the link between the tenure structure (ownership) and the deployment of a specific type of internal governance. Through a qualitative approach, the building is observed as an object of governance, inquiring into the elements that shape the internal governance of the five towers with the highest level of precariousness in the physical characteristics of the building, within the polygon with the highest real estate development in the municipality. The results indicate that the construction of the internal governance of the towers is based on the conformation of the real estate business triangle, a figure made up of the three areas of participation that real estate companies exercise in residential production: construction, investment (rent) and administration. This triad of spheres of participation not only represents the expansion of a business model, but also defines the basis of a particular form of governance, a scheme in which density of ownership implies density of power, revealing that, rather than dealing with the business of housing, we are dealing with the business of inhabiting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article deals with the problems of physical therapy in children with multiple sulfatase deficiency (MSD). The purpose of the study presented in the article was to substantiate the need to form a structured, personalized comprehensive rehabilitation program for children with multiple sulfatase deficiency. The objectives of the study were to analyze the literature on the topic of the study, to study the clinical phenotype of multiple sulfatase deficiency and potential complications of this pathology, to justify the use of physical therapy in children with multiple sulfatase deficiency. Research methods: analysis of scientific and methodological sources of domestic and foreign authors, pedagogical observation, collection of anamnestic information of the patient. The publication discusses the clinical phenotype of genetic pathology and possible potential complications of this orphan disease, strategic vectors of an individual rehabilitation program. The description of a clinical case of late infantile form of the disease is presented. The effectiveness of a six-months’ implementation of the physical therapy program is being investigated. For rehabilitation examination of children with MSD, it is proposed to use testing of children with psychomotor disorders. The technique of massage, the appropriateness of verticalization and orthotics, sensory enrichment of the environment of a child with this genetic pathology are revealed. Exercises of therapeutic physical culture are proposed, they will help to maintain postural control, support ability and functioning of arms, legs, hand-eye coordination, and help prevent diseases of the bronchopulmonary system. It is noted that MSD has been insufficiently studied not only from the standpoint of a treatment strategy, diagnostic algorithms for clinical multisystem manifestations, but also requires attention to analyze the effectiveness and efficiency of the system of modern rehabilitation technologies for children with this diagnosis.

This paper explores the concept of density rent gaps in verticalizing cities, with relation to Peter Marcuse's displacement categories. The study highlights a commonly uncritical relation with the rent gap that both defenders and critics of gentrification usually assume in the literature. Results from a quantitative analysis of a Displacement Index suggest that the largest rent gaps do not always correlate with the highest displacement rates because, in verticalizing cities, the most significant rent gaps come from 'density rent' and not necessarily the most expensive new housing. The study focuses on Chile's second-tier towns of Iquique and Antofagasta (seldom seen in the international literature). It uses real estate and population data and fieldwork analysis to fill data voids and caps the rent gap to estimate the amount of land value capture possible to implement to reduce Chile's highly exclusionary housing environment. We believe this analysis helps to conceptually separate the rent gap from gentrification for a more precise urban analysis of vertical cities. • The study contests the automatic association between rent gap and gentrification. • Residential density increases rent gaps; developers capitalize on more substantially than landholders. • Census data from 2002 and 2017 shows no statistical correlation between the largest rent gaps and displacement. • Displacement correlates with more expensive, low-density areas with lower rent gaps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista AUS is the property of Revista AUS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the article the tasks and means of physical therapy of children with multiple sulfatase deficiency (MSD) were analysed. The purpose of the study presented in the article was an argumentation of applying the means of physical rehabilitation in an individual comprehensive program of physical therapy of children with MSD. Research methods: analysis of scientific and methodological sources of domestic and foreign authors, systematization of clinical manifestations of MSD in the age aspect from the point of view of physical therapist. The data of the literature sources on the research topic, analysis of the clinical phenotype of multiple sulfatase deficiency and potential complications of the disease were observed, applying of physical therapy's means was motivated. The clinical case of a patient with a late-infantile form of the disease was highlighted. The analysis of the symptom complex of multiple sulfatase deficiency and the use of physical therapy for a child with MDS was performed. This allowed to form the main vectors of patient supervision to prevent complications and improve quality of life. Used respiratory gymnastics, game therapy with a child according to the method of "hand in hand", therapeutic physical culture, massage, positioning of the child in a verticalizer, in a specialized chair, orthoses, passive mobilization of joints were used. It was revealed that in the result of physiotherapy impact, functioning of the gastrointestinal tract and psycho-emotional sphere got better, orthopaedic deformities were managed to avoid, qualitative change of blood tests were traced that was confirmed by laboratory. Serum iron, cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12), folic acid, and zinc were monitored. Anthropometric data, which indicate the physical development of the child, meet the age norms. The effectiveness of individual program of rehabilitation of a child with MSD, therefore, was shown. The decision of the treatment algorithm and the development of a personalized coordinated comprehensive program of physical therapy of children with MSD require thorough attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose - There is a great reliance on fiscal incentives to sustain the automotive industry competitiveness due to several structural problems, among them the inefficiency of the supply chain. This paper aims to compare the supply chain structure of traditional automotive industry with the supply chains from South Korea and China. Based on strategic decision and transaction cost theory, this comparison seeks to exploit the factors that led to the inefficiency of automotive supply chains. Design/methodology/approach - The authors used a qualitative approach and applied a multi-method research. They conducted semi-structured interviews with six executives from automakers representing the selected countries, carried individual meetings during one workshop and used secondary data from several sources. Findings - Concepts identified in the research such as reliability, supply chain governance and automaker competencies led the authors to propose that the traditional automakers have higher transaction costs when compared to the new automakers due to the horizontal structure of their supply chain. While new competitors have vertical upstream supply chains, which indicates better profitability, traditional automotive industry is horizontal, depends on fewer Tier 1 suppliers and is disconnected from Tier 2, impacting negatively in the transaction costs and supply chain management. Practical implications - This study suggests that automotive executives rethink the current upstream supply chain model by identifying the competencies required for their current and future competitiveness and implementing a vertical integration of these competencies. Originality/value - This research exploited the inefficiency of supply chain as one of the explanations for the low competitiveness of the national automotive industry.

The article deals with the problems of physical therapy in children with multiple sulfatase deficiency (MSD). The purpose of the study presented in the article was to substantiate the need to form a structured, personalized comprehensive rehabilitation program for children with multiple sulfatase deficiency. The objectives of the study were to analyze the literature on the topic of the study, to study the clinical phenotype of multiple sulfatase deficiency and potential complications of this pathology, to justify the use of physical therapy in children with multiple sulfatase deficiency. Research methods: analysis of scientific and methodological sources of domestic and foreign authors, pedagogical observation, collection of anamnestic information of the patient. The publication discusses the clinical phenotype of genetic pathology and possible potential complications of this orphan disease, strategic vectors of an individual rehabilitation program. The description of a clinical case of late infantile form of the disease is presented. The effectiveness of a six-months’ implementation of the physical therapy program is being investigated. For rehabilitation examination of children with MSD, it is proposed to use testing of children with psychomotor disorders. The technique of massage, the appropriateness of verticalization and orthotics, sensory enrichment of the environment of a child with this genetic pathology are revealed. Exercises of therapeutic physical culture are proposed, they will help to maintain postural control, support ability and functioning of arms, legs, hand-eye coordination, and help prevent diseases of the bronchopulmonary system. It is noted that MSD has been insufficiently studied not only from the standpoint of a treatment strategy, diagnostic algorithms for clinical multisystem manifestations, but also requires attention to analyze the effectiveness and efficiency of the system of modern rehabilitation technologies for children with this diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The ERAS protocol recommends fast mobilization of a patient along with providing psychological comfort; however, early verticalization can generate mental discomfort. In the post-operative period after Caesarean section (CC), a patient may experience pain, anxiety and negative affect. The main aim of the study was to investigate levels of patient anxiety concerning verticalization on day 0 after CC using. Also, the dependence between anxiety of verticalization and the following: pain, anxiety as a permanent disposition, resistance to pain, negative and positive emotions, and positive orientation was described. Methods: The study included 150 women on day 0 after their CC. The measurement of anxiety concerning verticalization, pain, and also negative and positive emotions was conducted twice. During the first measurement, variables such as anxiety levels as a constant disposition, level of pain resistance and positive orientation were also monitored. Results: Patients upon arrival at the post-operative room declared a higher level of anxiety of verticalization (p < 0.05) (Median = 4; IQR = 5) when compared to 6 h after surgery (Median = 3; IQR = 4). A weak correlation of anxiety and pain was noted (r = 0.264; p < 0.01) in the second measurement. In both measurements, negative emotions and pain resistance proved to be the strongest variables explaining anxiety concerning verticalization. Conclusions: Low levels of pain experienced by a patient after CC do not explain the variance in anxiety of verticalization. The use of the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) of anxiety allows care givers to gain patients' psychological perspective in different moments after CC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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How to explore photography as a way of problematizing urban phenomena? Is it possible to use different aesthetic concepts, in photography, to expand the dialogue with cities? These two questions guide the photographic research developed as part of the project, "Highrise Living and the Inclusive City", with a focus in São Paulo / Brazil and Lyon / France. The first question highlights the territory and the production of capitalist urban space by photography realized in fieldwork. The second one involves editing and re-elaborating the images, considering the approximation between the research project, local records and photography aesthetic. The High-Rise Project, on the other hand, discusses the contemporary verticalization process and its spatial and social implications in Sao Paulo city, considering a contextual (São Paulo, Lyon) and multiscale analysis model, while incorporating different reading strategies and territory interpretation. The field study, initially organized as a team, resulted in different materials, including the photographic one, from which discussion and editing meetings were conducted by this researcher, considering possibilities for language experiments in interaction with the territory. The series and photographic montages realized allowed a reflection about the relationship between public spaces and paths capturing a specific ambience to the places; and, also, exploring different comparative strategies that highlight, in the four distinct regions, intense landscape transformation due to verticalization. On the other hand, these photographic setting acquire a relative autonomy in relation to the original project, being placed on the edge of applicated use of image and esthetic research with its own characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To assess the efficacy of including the formulation Cytoflavin in rehabilitation programs for patients in the early recovery period of ischemic stroke. Materials and methods. The results of rehabilitation measures were assessed in 100 patients (50 women and 50 men aged 18–85 years) in the early recovery period of ischemic stroke. Neurological and psychological investigations included the NIHSS, MMSE, and Rankin scales, the Rivermead mobility index, and a physical exercise tolerance test. Depending on the rehabilitation scheme, patients were divided into two groups. The study group included 50 patients receiving courses of verticalization and i.v. dropwise Cytoflavin infusions (20.0 ml in 250ml 5% glucose) for 14 days. The reference group consisted of 50 patients who received standard rehabilitation courses. Results and conclusions. Inclusion of Cytoflavin in the rehabilitation programs of patients with ischemic stroke increased treatment efficacy, which was apparent as decreases in the severity of neurological impairments (on the NIHSS) by 17.6% in the study group vs. 10.8% in the reference group (p < 0.05) and recovery of cognitive functions (on the MMSE) by 5.8% vs. 1.6% in the reference group (p < 0.05). In addition, there was an improvement in the recovery of arterial blood pressure, by 37.1% in the study group vs. 30.6% in the reference group (p < 0.05). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Cuadernos de Vivienda y Urbanismo is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista 180 is the property of Revista 180 and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this paper is to highlight that the primary goal of certain regional planning laws – i.e., to limit land consumption – is contradicted by the legislative provisions they contain, which state that the maximum acceptable land consumption should comply with the previous General Regulatory Plan. Moreover, the paper is intended to suggest what innovative regional planning strategies should be adopted. The goal to promote “vertical” development, through strategies of densification and volumetric replacements fostered by reward policies, is not commonly found in regional laws, which, instead of reducing “horizontality”, confirm the surfaces established by the previous General Regulatory Plan stating that they “may be confirmed and/or adapted as urbanized areas and as areas intended for residential purposes, in the new preliminary document” (own translation) (Regional Planning Law 19/02 – Region Calabria).

The recovery of the orthostatism after a severe acquired brain injury (sABI) is an essential objective to pursue in order to avoid the occurrence of secondary complications resulting from prolonged immobilization to which the patient is subjected during the acute phase. This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effect of verticalization with the lower limb robot-assisted training system Erigo® versus conventional neurorehabilitation in 44 adult subjects affected by sequelae of sABI in the acute rehabilitation phase, related to cardiorespiratory signs and measures of impairment and activity. At the end of the study (20 treatment sessions, 5 sessions per week), in both groups of patients, there were no dropouts nor adverse events. In subject verticalized with Erigo®, there were no episodes of (pre)syncope from orthostatic hypotension nor postural orthostatic tachycardia and cardiorespiratory signs remained stable; moreover, there were no increase in muscle tone nor reduction in range of motion at lower limbs. Results obtained show improved outcomes on the whole and in a similar way in both groups; however, the improvement in scores of the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, the Tinetti scale, and the Functional Independence Measure from the enrollment to the end of the treatment cycle being equal, the evaluation performed at the 10th session allows to establish that the improvement appears earlier in the intervention group and later in the control group. The more rapid recovery of impairments and some activities in subjects treated with Erigo® could allow a "time-saver" to devote to the rehabilitation of sensory-motor functions which are more complex and subordinated to the preliminary reacquisition of elementary postures and motor strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article proposes to analyze the permanences of urban planning parameters present in the master plans and land use and occupation laws established for the municipality of Belém, from 1975 to the present day, investigating the correlation between the proposed zoning and the verticalization of its urban space. The analyzes were more directly related to the projects built during the last real estate cycle and approved under the Complementary Law of Urban Control of 1999 (LCCU / 99), whose urban parameters are practically unchanged in the 2008 Urban Master Plan (PDU), making As a methodology, the zoning of each legal instrument was made as a methodology, from the data obtained in a field survey at the Municipal Department of Urbanism (SEURB), which record the real estate production in the period between 1982 and 2018. The locations of the buildings were confronted with the limits of zoning and the variation of utilization coefficients. The results indicate a clear coincidence between the location of the high real estate production and the areas with the highest coefficient of utilization, creating large areas that stimulate the speculative retention of the urban land and the reduction of the urban density of the area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The settlement New Denmark in the Canadian province of New Brunswick, founded in 1872 by Danish immigrants, represents an exceptional case of long-time maintenance of immigrant Danish. Based on a mapping of the social networks within a group of 39 New Denmark Canadians of Danish heritage, the community is characterized as a language enclave (Sprachinsel). Diachronic changes in language use is mapped onto changes in community structures by aligning the findings with the framework of verticalization. The paper further pinpoints a number of linguistic features which either by their existence or by their frequency distribution characterize New Denmark Danish as different from North American Danish in general by relying on qualitative and quantitative analyses of the speech produced by 39 speakers (approximately 120,000 tokens). These features include fossilized items from older stages of Danish as well as a number of bilingual verb phrases created by the New Denmark potato growers of Danish heritage. The study of these verb phrases illustrates how a bilingual community exploits pre-existing cross-linguistic similarities of their two languages to the maximum, thus pointing to the interplay of systemic possibilities (the genetic-typological closeness of English and Danish) with sociodemographic factors (a dense network of Danish speakers) and individual speakers' linguistic choices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a context of increasing complexity in the production of urban space, where the real-estate private producers receive significant relevancy, the article reports how the currently required urban regulations, which in theory seek to reconcile and protect diverse interests within the territory, does not protect essential aspects for the use of public space, becoming the latter more on a space detracted from the real estate business. Based on the specific study of the impacts on the public space, residential projects verticalized in a pericentral zone of Santiago - Chile, the work shows how a precarious regulation can be re-interpreted transforming into non-regulation, generating impacts on which no responsibility is identified and evidencing the prevailing regulatory inequality among the territories that make up the Metropolitan Area of Santiago. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to highlight that the primary goal of certain regional planning laws - i.e., to limit land consumption - is contradicted by the legislative provisions they contain, which state that the maximum acceptable land consumption should comply with the previous General Regulatory Plan. Moreover, the paper is intended to suggest what innovative regional planning strategies should be adopted. The goal to promote "vertical" development, through strategies of densification and volumetric replacements fostered by reward policies, is not commonly found in regional laws, which, instead of reducing "horizontality", confirm the surfaces established by the previous General Regulatory Plan stating that they "may be confirmed and/or adapted as urbanized areas and as areas intended for residential purposes, in the new preliminary document" (own translation) (Regional Planning Law 19/02 - Region Calabria). This paper deals with this complex issue setting a few cornerstones of critical analysis and comparing goals, contents/strategies and (distortive) effects resulting from the application of the examined regional laws (regional planning laws of Calabria and Emilia Romagna) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work had as main objective the study about the verticalization process in the Camobi Neighborhood, Santa Maria, RS, in the year 2017. For this, was realized a bibliographic survey, regarding the thematic in question, as well as other processes linked to the theme. The second phase it concerns of data collect of buildings, performed totally on the spot, through 5 fieldworks. We identified that the buildings distribution forms a big concentration around the UFSM, being possible observe their evolution as from the University reproducing through the "Faixa Nova" and "Faixa Velha" as between the two bands reducing at the Avenue João Machado Soares. Therefore, despite be a recent process, initiated in the 90's, the verticalization develops quickly and concentrated in the Neighborhood, with their buildings primarily dedicated to dwelling and specially concentrated in the central area, mainly around the UFSM. The verticalization in the Camobi Neighborhood space develops with the same primordial tendency of habitation, beyond the spatially concentrated pattern, however, with what can be understood by a tendency to construction of higher buildings in allowed areas, as the corridor of urbanities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]