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A distinctive feature of linguistics of the 21st century is that language and culture are no longer observed separately and have merged into such a phenomenon as linguoculture. Due to the fact that English occupies a leading position as the language of world communication and is often used as an application to different cultures, the English-language description of foreign or external cultures is becoming more topical and important. The main aim of this article is to describe stylistic functions of such culturally marked vocabulary as xenonyms presented in the postmodern biofictional novel “The Noise of Time” by Julian Patrick Barnes. The article provides an overview of the stylistic functions of xenonyms in general, and it also gives examples of the use of some other culturally marked lexical units, such as toponyms, polyonyms, urbanonyms, lexical and semantic calques, presented in the biofictional novel “The Noise of Time” and use by the author in order to enrich the narration. Due to the use of various linguistic, cultural and stylistic means in his biofictional narrative, the English-speaking author managed to represent the environment surrounding his characters when representing real setting in the fictional world of a literary text.

The article studies the linguocultural aspect of the emergence of the coronavirus pandemic neologisms. The similarities and differences between the English and Russian vocabulary of the coronavirus pandemic, generated by the specifics of the cultural code of intercultural communication participants, are analyzed. The relevance of the study is ensured by the continuous expansion of the coronavirus pandemic vocabulary, the permanent interest of linguists in the most popular part of the neological discourse of the English and Russian languages, the need for a scientific interpretation of collective experience reflected in the coronavirus pandemic vocabulary. The objective of the article is a linguistic and cultural analysis of the English and Russian coronavirus pandemic vocabulary to identify the peculiarities of the mindset of these neologisms’ creators in the definitions and contextual field of the given examples. The material of the study is the lexical units used in the speech of the inhabitants of the English-speaking (Great Britain, Ireland, the USA, Canada, Australia, India, South Africa) and the Russian-speaking areas recorded on the Internet. The fundamental research method is linguoculturological analysis supplemented by stylistic, semantic-axiological, comparative and componential analyzes. The role of the borrowing factor in compiling the corpus of the coronavirus pandemic vocabulary is also investigated. The regional specifics of lexical units that reflect the consequences of the spread of the disease is revealed. In particular, the article considers the specificity of the reflection of the emergence of new values on the stylistic layer of these neologisms in both Russian and English speeches.

Psycholinguistic studies show that the formation and development of a metaphor in a child's speech occurs during active interaction with an adult and in various activities. It is in pedagogical discourse that, when a child and an adult interact, the latter teaches to detect similarities between different objects, demonstrating transference patterns. In all types of activity, the child's experience of replacing one object with another expands. One of the means of developing figurative thinking in pedagogical discourse is a riddle, which is, in essence, a logical task. Pedagogical discourse actively uses the riddle to achieve a discursive goal: the socialization of a new member of society. In pedagogical preschool discourse, the riddle performs various functions, the main of which are pedagogical, informative, cognitive, playful, axiological. The material for the article was the results of studies devoted to the study of the influence of riddles on the development of figurative thinking in preschool children in pedagogical discourse. As the experimental data have shown, children, composing their riddles, build metaphorical models characteristic of their age: coloristic metaphors, parametric metaphors, anthropomorphic metaphors. The pedagogical value of riddles lies in the fact that they acquaint the child with objects and phenomena, their main features, encourage a deeper delve into the meaning of verbal designation, increase thinking ability, etc. At the same time, the developing potential of riddles is determined by the possibilities inherent in them, and the forms of working with them. Each riddle solved strengthens the child's self-esteem, the desire to repeat success.

The article deals with the nominations of the recreational tourismtypes. The authors analyze the specifics of this vocabulary layerin the tourist discourse;categorize neologisms according to the classification of recreational resources. Based on the nominations of recreational tourismtypes, the relationships between the tourist discourse and gastronomic, economic and sports discourses are revealed. Additionally, the change in the worldview and the axiological priorities of modern tourists, identified in the analysis of the nominations for recreational tourism, are also considered.

The article is devoted to the description of the concept of the “post road” in the literary text and linguocultural features of its perception by the linguistic personality of Russian and foreign writers. Being one of the most significant categories of human understanding of the world the space is the basis for the formation of the plot and ideological structure of the literary text which in turn is interpreted as the most perfect verbal-speech form of systematizing information about the surrounding world. The space has an ability to show the individual and aesthetic nature of the artistic interpretation of reality. The article emphasizes that the ways of transmitting national and cultural information are universal for texts created by different language personalities since each native speaker, using the opportunities provided by the language and conceptual systems, voluntarily (or rather unwittingly) introduces national mental stereotypes into the text.

The paper studies the axiology of neologisms related to the word family Brexit in massmedia discourse. The material under study taken from British newspapers is neological units with component Brexit. It is stated that the active growth of neological units is the main characteristic of the 20th century mass media vocabulary. According to the traditional point of view, neological units are thought to be a dynamic process product reflecting language adaptation to political, economic and social spheres. Mass media neologisms are said to possess evaluative quality which is a result of subjective axiological worldview. Evaluation is considered to be a human characteristic related with a certain system of values which accompanies a person’s activity. The neologism Brexit is proved to be one of the most frequently used language unit of present day English. The authors point out the neologism word model high productivity. The number of derivatives formed mostly by means of blending as well as the number of set expressions with the constituent Brexit is constantly rising though the mass media interest to this political problem has slacked off. Almost all neological units under study have negative connotation. The latter is the reflection of Brexit consequence fears stirred in British society as well as the worldwide dislike for secession.

The given article deals with revealing the linguopragmatic political Internet-discourse potential that is represented by the commentaries to the posts of some politicians in the social network “Twitter”. The aim of the article is to analyze personal and textual strategies as well as tactics of associativity, guessing, emotionality, copial content and form, tactics of keywords which are used by the authors of these comments since they allow us to judge such criteria of comments as objectivity, practicality, conditionality and interconnectedness with other political events. With the active introduction of the Internet in the society, there have been significant changes in the process of communication. Regardless of the scope of implementation the active expansion of its capabilities and bilateral naturecan be noted. Being the basis of the “bilateralism” of modern political Internet discourse, comments are a powerful analysis tool for Internet linguistics. Thus the linguopragmatic potential of comments is expressed in the determination of the global attitude to the political figure of Theresa May. The study of comments has a wide potential for modern linguists since it is thanks to the comments that it is possible to identify the trends of the globalization process through chat communication on the Internet

The article under consideration shows that in the modern world of communication and educational needs an educational text performs several functions at the same time: educational and developing socio-cultural competence of the student which in its turn ensures immersion in learning a foreign language in the social and cultural environment. The study of the educational text as a vector of the formation of intercultural communication makes it possible to analyze these and other important functions based on the material of textbooks for students of Russian as a foreign language as well as the English language and it makes it possible to identify the technologies necessary in the study of a foreign language from the standpoint of intercultural communication. In this regard, the actual tasks of linguoaxiological studies and linguodidactics are the revision of the system of formed linguistic educational trajectories and attitudes. As a method for studying a theoretical part, axiological and axiometric methods were chosen in order to describe the interaction of three basic constituents – "language – consciousness – culture" of the studied language. The results of this study are of practical importance in choosing an effective educational text that will help to develop a student's cultural, cognitive and intellectual orientation.

The 2016–2018 election cycle in France, the USA and Russia showed the need to develop new options for analyzing the election campaign and the degree of potential voter turnout on the Internet, taking into account the impact on social networks. The article discusses the results of an empirical study, “Communication Campaign Model: A Comparative Analysis of Russia's Experience in the USA,” and analyzes the election campaign of the “unexpected” presidential candidate in Russia, Ksenia Sobchak. By the word “unexpected” we mean that the person never appeared on the political stage before, and no one saw this person before the presidential election. The empirical base for the study was taken from the presidential candidate’s account on social networks. The study analyzed the informative patterns of the personal page of Ksenia Sobchak, where the analysis was performed on four social networks (VKontakte, Instagram, Facebook and Odnoklassniki). An excerpt from the discourse contains all the materials published by the candidate since the announcement of her candidacy for the presidency of Russia (from May 18, 2017 to March 19, 2018). As part of the study, a new model of selective advertising communications was developed and conceptualized. Sobchak’s personal appearance on social networks was not always realistic, but attracted a certain group of voters. A comparative analysis of the election campaign of K. Sobchak and Donald Trump revealed similar ways of forming and maintaining political content, common linguistic and cultural methods of interaction with potential voters and political opponents.

The article studies the cinematic discourse of “chick flicks” (from the English “chick flick” – a film about relationships, love, etc., which attracts mainly women) to identify gender stereotypes, as well as the general patterns of plotting “female films”. Of greatest interest for our study is the opposition sex – gender, where sex is the “innate binary sign” and gender is the “sign constructed by society.” The material was the cinematic discourse of the film “Sleepless in Seattle” (1993). The work shows that the plot of “Sleepless in Seattle”, as a prominent representative of the “chick flicks”, corresponds to the cliched formula of “chick flicks”: 1. “Two people fall in love. 2. They get along fine. 3. There is some kind of misunderstanding. 4. They break up. 5. They get back together. 6. The end”. The article notes that the cinematic discourse of “chick flicks” is a reflection of gender stereotypes (especially feminine-colored). The study found the presence of both fair and distorted gender stereotypes in the discourse of “Sleepless in Seattle” as an example of “chick flicks”. The article concludes that the cinematic discourse of “Sleepless in Seattle”, which includes verbal, non-verbal components, intertext, the role of moviegoers, criticism, and the director has a dominant feminine trait.

In all political systems leaders pay attention to the word as an object with which help a process of persuasion takes place. The peculiarity of a political language is that because of its special environment and due to the orientation of the political communication on the mass audience the political language lacks corporationism inherent to any special language; moreover, it has a ritual nature which determines language means allowing in definite borders (but figuratively and effectively) to advance its position. Political rhetoric most often uses a publicistic style widely spread in mass media. In its basis there is a function of impact being transformed in the function of persuasion so a political speech can be referred to the argumentative, suggestive type of a communicative process. Persuasion is communication which is aimed at having an impact on beliefs, viewpoints, opinions and behavior of a receiver of the message. The analysis of famous speeches by two American presidents representing two epochs – Ronald Reagan and Barack Obama allowed us to conclude that metaphor is a very effective means in updating intuitive ethical, emotionally charged mental schemes as a result of which potential leaders communicating with an audience draw the attention to those aspects of the topics which can affect a group. By using figurative means a person has an implicit aim to affect a reader or a listener in a certain way.

The development of social media in the 21st century has changed the quality and level of political participation of all public policy entities. Every second an enormous amount of network data is produced in the online space leading to the creation and transformation of discursive fields in both online and offline space. A feature of online communication between top journalists and users of journalistic content is a linguistic pattern. To analyze the linguistic patterns of communication the social accounts of Alexei Venediktov, Vladimir Solovyov, Vladimir Pozner, Margarita Simonyan and Ksenia Sobchak (according to the Citation Index of the Medialogia company for the period January 1-30, 2020; database is more than 54 thousand sources) on VK, Facebook, Instagram, Twitter were chosen. The total audience of these journalists was about 6 million direct subscribers (indirect consumers of journalistic content are of about 60 million users). The socio-political context of the formed data sets was the reaction of journalists and the public to the Address from the President of Russia V.V. Putin to the Federal Assembly on January 15, 2020. The resulting data sets were subjected to network analysis, linguistic-discursive analysis, folksonomic analysis. As a result some conclusions were drawn about what language-discursive features characterize the posts of top journalists in popular social networks; how their linguistic patterns are characterized; how the content created by journalists differs in different social networks; what is the specificity of these differences; how the political context affects their linguistic patterns; how linguistic patterns of journalists influence online communication models.

The development of bilingualism of a bilingual child is inextricably linked with the formation of an individual folklore-linguistic picture of the world. In this regard, proverbs, sayings, riddles and folk phraseology as universal phenomena of folklore of the Russian and Greek languages, which have important linguistic and cultural potential, are of particular interest from the point of view of their presence in the bilingual speech and thought activity.The quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the functioning of paremiological and phraseological units in a bilingual speech determine the content of folklore language worldview and directly depend on the type of formation of the child’s early bilingualism. Phraseological and paremiological composition of the folklore picture of the world of natural Russian-Greek bilinguals is asymmetric and directly depends on the type of early bilingualism – in bilinguals who learn two languages on the principle of “one-person-one-language ”, asymmetry prevails in favor of the Greek language, children from Russian-speaking families whose bilingualism develops according to the principle “family language is the language of society ” exhibit better knowledge of Russian folklore elements compared to Greek

The article is devoted to the linguistic and extralinguistic factors while teaching anthroponyms in academic discourse. Being an important element of language and culture they play a crucial role in the process of mastering a foreign language, i.e. contain information about the national and cultural features of a particular ethnic group. Academic discourse refers to the ways of thinking and use of the language in special communicative situations. Its significance lies in the fact that complex social activities like educating students, demonstrating learning, disseminating ideas and constructing knowledge, rely on language to accomplish.Teaching a foreign language is considered in the educational process not only as an instrument of communication and cognition, but also as a way by which a student penetrates the cultural field and mentality of a particular nation. Knowing someone else’s culture and mentality is valuable in two ways. On the one hand, it is associated with the enrichment of the picture of the world, the formation of a dialogical attitude to the phenomena of a different way of life, a different way of consciousness, a different hierarchy of values. On the other hand, one who knows a foreign culture comprehends his own better and deeper, more aware of himself as its bearer.

"The article is devoted to the functioning of a secondary language personality in the context of culture. The key notions “language and culture” and “bilingualism” are defined. The aim of the article is to analyze the linguistic and culture pictures of the world of the Russian-Greek bilinguals on the basis of comparative associations within the zoomorphic culture codes. One of the experiments we conducted was based on the zoomorphic code of the Russian and the Greek languages. This experiment made it possible to compare the pictures of the world of monolinguals – the bearers of the Greek and the Russian languages – and bilinguals possessing in different degrees both languages. The choice of zoonyms for the experiment was not accidental since they can be considered to be an entity of the most ancient literary symbols. 45 schoolchildren from 7 to 12 years old including 15 Russian-speaking monolinguals, 15 children who speak only Greek, and 15 Russian- Greek bilinguals took part in this experiment. Bilinguals were asked to complete the assignment twice – in Russian and in Greek with an interval of 8 weeks. The results of the experiment have showed that the strategies of associating by the same bilinguals vary depending on the language used; associative reactions of bilinguals are richer than reactions of monolinguals; bilinguals successfully combine the images of two cultures since it is obvious that the same zoonyms are manifested and perceived differently in the compared languages."

The article is devoted to the role of dictionaries in pedagogical discourse. Modern onomastic dictionaries including different fragments of a linguistic worldview, give an idea about a linguistic model of the world in general and in the boundaries of the theory the author of the dictionary follows. The idea of lexicographical sources being one of the essential elements which help to understand national-cultural peculiarities of a certain people is considered to be the basic element of the text. The study of pedagogical discourse is done in some directions and according to main scientific paradigms of contemporary linguistics: structural-functional, linguaculturological and communicative-discursive approaches. We consider pedagogical discourse to be an objective dynamic system of an evaluative and meaningful communication between interlocutors of an educational process.

The article is devoted to the role of proper names in second language acquisition in their culture-through-language aspect. Proper names being an important element of language and culture play an important role in the process of mastering a foreign language, i.e. contain information about the national and cultural features of a particular ethnic group. Knowledge of the national-cultural component of proper names helps to recognize the characteristic features of a particular nation, this or that type of linguistic personality, and prevent communicative interference. The proper name has a completely unique additional advantage in terms of enriching the intellectual potential and emotional sphere of students, namely, the possibility of developing individuality in the dialogue of cultures.

This article is devoted to the research of the mechanisms of suggestive influence represented in professional layers – prosecutors and attorneys – speech within the English law discourse on the material of a particular witness examination part of the court procedure. Some basic suggestive strategies and tactics used in this step and brief characteristics of their intentiality and ways of representation are presented. It is stated that suggestion as a means of persuasion and manipulation on a psyche is possible only due to the existence of a certain mechanism which gives a person an opportunity to perceive the suggested influences and reflect them. The authors suppose that the analysis of an effective manipulation of professional opponents – a plaintiff and a defendant (some basic suggestive-psychological algorithms used at the opening statement as well as suggestive strategies, tactics and methods applied) might considerably enhance the perspectives of studying characteristic features of law discourse thus allowing to get closer to the understanding of how a person’s brain works as well as the nature of consciousness and subconsciousness together with the anthropocentric approach aimed at realization of manipulation/suggestion within the situation of an institutional communication.

2020 was a truly revolutionary year in terms of education – from the paradigm of predominantly traditional education, we had to rapidly “step” into a distance format, regardless of our desire and readiness. In 2020 two tectonic shifts happened at once: the shift from synchronous offline classes (education) to synchronous online and then from synchronous formats to asynchronous and mixed. In addition to issues related to the technical support of the educational process, the issue related to the development of new professional and pedagogical principles and rules that would contribute to the highly moral behavior and activities of the teacher in creating a comfortable environment for all participants of distance learning process, emphasizing that ethical requirements must reflect the relationship between teachers and learners. We conducted a research aimed at revealing the principles and values the teachers consider crucial to follow when conducting online classes, the skills they think they need master in order to raise the level of their professional expertise, improve the effectiveness of teaching and learning processes, and make their students self-confident and independent. The results of the survey can be used in designing special courses devoted to professional or pedagogical ethics in online learning.

Nowadays a language presents a great interest not only as an independent phenomenon but also as a means of communication. In the course of a verbal communication between interlocutors there is an exchange of information as well as a manipulative influence. The latter is one of the main elements of an effective educational process.Euphemism is a mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt when referring to something unpleasant. It is the act or an example of substituting a mild, indirect, or vague term for one considered harsh, blunt, or offensive. Euphemisms with communicative function of evasiveness, politeness, and concealing, play dual parts in everyday social lives.Euphemism, a kind of polite language, can combine the teachers’ role and the students’ personalityfactors together. A verbal manipulation made by a teacher-manipulator with the help of euphemisms promotes improvement and an effective transformation of all the components moving an educational process forward. It regulates a positive interpersonal communication between a teacher and a student as well as within the class; it influences the work with the educational material and its further presentation; it creates a favourable working atmosphere during the lesson.

The socio-political context of the «post-truth» era, conditioned by the digitalization of all spheres of life, transforms the network content, which forms the basis of network discourses and is the main source of information for the network society. As a result, network content is not simply determined by the categorical concepts of «fact» – «myth», but is completely transformed into the conceptual-categorical apparatus «fact» – «alternative fact», which is essentially informational speculation and leads to the development of destructive socio-political practices and distribution of fake online content. Based on a comprehensive analysis of network data (a methodology developed by the authors that combines theories and methodologies of several areas of scientific knowledge), linguistic models of social and political communication in the online-space were identified and described («Ali Juppe» in France, «Pizzagate» in the USA, «Migrantskidnappers» in India and Pakistan); the result of consumption of new linguo-pragmatic patterns («Allan Juppe – an accomplice of Islamic extremists»; «Don’t vote for Clinton, Vote for Trump» and the side pattern «Save children from pedophiles»; «Pakistani migrants pose a threat») by users of the online-space in the specified countries was investigated; the results of the models’ actions are given and the offline result of the consumption of these patterns is described. The research develops a new direction of linguistic science – network linguistics; consideration of new network models of communication (cognitive stereotypes and linguopragmatic patterns) in the online-space is the main genuine identifier of the discourse varieties formed offline that determine the further behavior (constructive and / or destructive) of the user both online and offline.

Forms of vocatives in a speech define a communicative intention of an utterance, indicating a definite addressee. In the process of communication a vocative is a means of creation a special communicative environment consisting of participants of a conversation. By that it defines a line which connects a sender and a recipient of information as well as being a means of the beginning of the communicative process, keeping it up, changing its course either positively or negatively. Vocatives are actively used in a dialogue to attract attention of an interlocutor as well as for further focus of an utterance. It may be used in different manipulative ways (for example, while communicating with a large number of pupils vocatives may serve as a means to draw attention of a recipient or to single out the personality of a pupil). Vocatives in pedagogical discourse may be expressed by proper names and surnames. A vocative with emotional and evaluative suffixes, evaluative adjectives or nouns, possessive pronouns becomes more expressive. They create a more subjective character while qualifying an addressee and by this they become a source of anthropocentricity, representation of a “humane factor” in the language.