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923 results on '"Veron P"'

1. A quasilinear elliptic equation with absorption term and Hardy potential

Author

Chen, Marie-Françoise Bidaut-Véron Huyuan

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, 35J92, 35J75
Abstract

Here we study the positive solutions of the equation \begin{equation*} -\Delta _{p}u+\mu \frac{u^{p-1}}{\left\vert x\right\vert ^{p}}+\left\vert x\right\vert ^{\theta }u^{q}=0,\qquad x\in \mathbb{R}^{N}\backslash \left\{ 0\right\} \end{equation*}% where $\Delta _{p}u={div}(\left\vert \nabla u\right\vert ^{p-2}\nabla u) $ and $1p-1,\mu ,\theta \in \mathbb{R}.$ We give a complete description of the existence and the asymptotic behaviour of the solutions near the singularity $0,$ or in an exterior domain. We show that the global solutions $\mathbb{R}^{N}\backslash \left\{ 0\right\} $ are radial and give their expression according to the position of the Hardy coefficient $\mu $ with respect to the critical exponent $\mu _{0}=-(\frac{N-p}{p})^{p}.$ Our method consists into proving that any nonradial solution can be compared to a radial one, then making exhaustive radial study by phase-plane techniques. Our results are optimal, extending the known results when $\mu =0$ or $p=2$, with new simpler proofs.They make in evidence interesting phenomena of nonuniqueness when $\theta +p=0$, and of existence of locally constant solutions when moreover $p>2$ ., Comment: 47 pages,4 figures

Published
2024

2. Isolated singularities of solutions of a 2-D diffusion equation with mixed reaction

Author

Li, Yimei and Véron, Laurent

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, 5J61, 34B16
Abstract

We study the local properties of positive solutions of the equation $-\Delta u+ae^{bu}=m|\nabla u|^q$ in a punctured domain $\Omega\setminus\{0\}$ of $\bf R^2$ where $m,a,b$ are positive parameters and $q>1$. We study particularly the existence of solutions with an isolated singularity and the local behaviour of such singular solutions., Comment: 30 pages

Published
2024

3. Shaped by Intersecting Identities: BIPOC Women's Stories of Their Study Abroad Experiences

Author

Gudrun Nyunt, Rita Veron, and Konya Sledge

Abstract

Study abroad is often hailed as a unique and important learning experience that prepares students for life and work in a global society. Many benefits and learning outcomes such as language learning, personal growth and development, educational and career attainment, and the development of intercultural competence are ascribed to study abroad. Study abroad, however, has an elitist history and often uses approaches steeped in whiteness, which ignore the unique needs and experiences of Black indigenous people of color (BIPOC) students. Previous research also indicates that intersecting identities may shape students' experiences while abroad, limiting or enhancing their learning in different ways. Utilizing intersectionality and the Intersectional-Model of Multiple Dimensions of Identity as guiding frameworks, the purpose of this narrative inquiry was to explore BIPOC women's stories of study abroad. Based on two interviews with each of the six BIPOC women participants, we found that intersecting identities shaped participants' experiences with study abroad, from their interest in study abroad to their experiences while abroad. Intersecting systems of oppression created unique barriers for BIPOC women to access study abroad, led to concerns about safety, and influenced students' interactions with host nationals. These experiences led to increased identity exploration, with participants sharing that study abroad made them feel more confident in their intersecting identities. We discuss implications for future research and practice.

Published
2024
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4. On the implementation in Abaqus of the global--local iterative coupling and acceleration techniques

Author

Bettinotti, Omar, Guinard, Stéphane, Véron, Eric, and Gosselet, Pierre

Subjects
Mathematics - Numerical Analysis
Abstract

This paper presents results and convergence study of the Global--Local Iterative Coupling through the implementation in the commercial software Abaqus making use of the co-simulation engine. A hierarchical modeling and simulation approach is often required to alleviate modeling burdens. Particular focus has been devoted here on convergence acceleration and performance optimization. Two applications in statics with nonlinear material behavior and geometrically nonlinear formulation are considered here: first a holed curved plate under traction with elastic--plastic material, then a pre-stressed bolted joint connecting two plates between each other and subjected to traction load. Three different convergence acceleration techniques are compared in terms of convergence performance and accuracy. An inexact solver strategy is proposed to improve computing time performance. The results show promising results for the coupling technology and constitute a step forward in the availability of non-intrusive multi-scale modeling capabilities for complex structures and assemblies.

Published
2024
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5. A Comparative Analysis of Energy Consumption Between The Widespread Unreal and Unity Video Game Engines

Author

Pérez, Carlos, Verón, Javier, Pérez, Francisca, Moraga, M Ángeles, Calero, Coral, and Cetina, Carlos

Subjects
Computer Science - Software Engineering
Abstract

The total energy cost of computing activities is steadily increasing and projections indicate that it will be one of the dominant global energy consumers in the coming decades. However, perhaps due to its relative youth, the video game sector has not yet developed the same level of environmental awareness as other computing technologies despite the estimated three billion regular video game players in the world. This work evaluates the energy consumption of the most widely used industry-scale video game engines: Unity and Unreal Engine. Specifically, our work uses three scenarios representing relevant aspects of video games (Physics, Statics Meshes, and Dynamic Meshes) to compare the energy consumption of the engines. The aim is to determine the influence of using each of the two engines on energy consumption. Our research has confirmed significant differences in the energy consumption of video game engines: 351% in Physics in favor of Unity, 17% in Statics Meshes in favor of Unity, and 26% in Dynamic Meshes in favor of Unreal Engine. These results represent an opportunity for worldwide potential savings of at least 51 TWh per year, equivalent to the annual consumption of nearly 13 million European households, that might encourage a new branch of research on energy-efficient video game engines.

Published
2024

6. A Survey on Green Computing in Video Games: The Dawn of Green Video Games

Author

Pérez, Carlos, Marcén, Ana C., Verón, Javier, and Cetina, Carlos

Subjects
Computer Science - Software Engineering
Abstract

Today, the large number of players and the high computational requirements of video games have motivated research on Green Video Games. We present a survey that provides an overview of this recent research area. A total of 2,637 papers were reviewed, selecting 69 papers as primary studies for further analysis. Through a detailed analysis of the results, we propose a new way to define the Green Video Game issues based on motivation, device, and layer of the primary studies. Then, we analyze the different applied techniques, the limitations and levels of evidence, and specific aspects of video games.

Published
2023

7. Local behaviour of the solutions of the Chipot-Weissler equation

Author

Bidaut-Véron, Marie-Françoise and Véron, Laurent

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, 35J62, 35B08, 68D04
Abstract

We study the local properties of positive solutions of the equation $-\Delta u=u^p-m|\nabla u|^q$ in a punctured domain $\Omega\setminus\{0\}$ of $\mathbb{R}^N$ or in a exterior domain $\mathbb{R}^N\setminus B_{r_0}$ in the range $\min\{p,q\}>1$ and $m>0$. We prove a series of a priori estimates depending $p$ and $q$, and of the sign of $q-\frac {2p}{p+1}$ and $q-p$. Using various techniques we obtain removability results for singular sets and we give a precise description of behaviour of solutions near an isolated singularity or at infinity in $\mathbb{R}^N$., Comment: 63 pages

Published
2023

8. An engineered AAV targeting integrin alpha V beta 6 presents improved myotropism across species

Author

Ai Vu Hong, Laurence Suel, Eva Petat, Auriane Dubois, Pierre-Romain Le Brun, Nicolas Guerchet, Philippe Veron, Jérôme Poupiot, and Isabelle Richard

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract Current adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene therapy using nature-derived AAVs is limited by non-optimal tissue targeting. In the treatment of muscular diseases (MD), high doses are often required but can lead to severe adverse effects. Here, we rationally design an AAV capsid that specifically targets skeletal muscle to lower treatment doses. We computationally integrate binding motifs of human integrin alphaV beta6, a skeletal muscle receptor, into a liver-detargeting capsid. Designed AAVs show higher productivity and superior muscle transduction compared to their parent. One variant, LICA1, demonstrates comparable muscle transduction to other myotropic AAVs with reduced liver targeting. LICA1’s myotropic properties are observed across species, including non-human primate. Consequently, LICA1, but not AAV9, effectively delivers therapeutic transgenes and improved muscle functionality in two mouse MD models (male mice) at a low dose (5E12 vg/kg). These results underline the potential of our design method for AAV engineering and LICA1 variant for MD gene therapy.

Published
2024
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9. The Cauchy problem associated to the logarithmic Laplacian with an application to the fundamental solution

Author

Chen, Huyuan and Véron, Laurent

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, 35K05, 35A08
Abstract

Let $\lnlap$ be the logarithmic Laplacian operator with Fourier symbol $2\ln |\zeta|$, we study the expression of the diffusion kernel which is associated to the equation $$\partial_tu+ \lnlap u=0 \ \ {\rm in}\ \, (0,\tfrac N2) \times \R^N,\quad\quad u(0,\cdot)=0\ \ {\rm in}\ \, \R^N\setminus \{0\}.$$ We apply our results to give a classification of the solutions of $$\left\{ \arraycolsep=1pt \begin{array}{lll} \displaystyle \partial_tu+ \lnlap u=0\quad \ &{\rm in}\ \ (0,T)\times \R^N\\[2.5mm] \phantom{ \lnlap \ \, } \displaystyle u(0,\cdot)=f\quad \ &{\rm{in}}\ \ \R^N \end{array} \right. $$ and obtain an expression of the fundamental solution of the associated stationary equation in $\R^N$, and of the fundamental solution in a bounded domain, i.e. $$\lnlap u=k\delta_0\quad {\rm in}\ \ \cD'(\Omega)\quad \text{such that }\,u=0\quad {\rm in}\ \ \R^N\setminus\Omega. $$, Comment: 55 pages. To appear in Journal of Functional Analysis

Published
2023

10. Transition to turbulence in wind-drift layers

Author

Wagner, Gregory LeClaire, Pizzo, Nick, Lenain, Luc, and Veron, Fabrice

Subjects
Physics - Fluid Dynamics
Abstract

A light breeze rising over calm water initiates an intricate chain of events that culminates in a centimeters-deep turbulent shear layer capped by gravity-capillary ripples. At first, viscous stress accelerates a laminar wind-drift layer until small surface ripples appear. Then a second "wave-catalyzed" instability grows in the wind-drift layer, before sharpening into along-wind jets and downwelling plumes, and finally devolving into three-dimensional turbulence. This paper elucidates the evolution of wind-drift layers after ripple inception using wave-averaged numerical simulations with a random initial condition and a constant-amplitude representation of the incipient surface ripples. Our model reproduces qualitative aspects of laboratory measurements similar those reported by Veron & Melville (2001), validating the wave-averaged approach. But we also find that our results are disturbingly sensitive to the amplitude of the prescribed surface wave field, raising the question whether wave-averaged models are truly "predictive" if they do not also describe the evolution of the coupled evolution of the surface waves together with the flow beneath.

Published
2023

13. The bii4africa dataset of faunal and floral population intactness estimates across Africa’s major land uses

Author

Clements, Hayley S., Do Linh San, Emmanuel, Hempson, Gareth, Linden, Birthe, Maritz, Bryan, Monadjem, Ara, Reynolds, Chevonne, Siebert, Frances, Stevens, Nicola, Biggs, Reinette, De Vos, Alta, Blanchard, Ryan, Child, Matthew, Esler, Karen J., Hamann, Maike, Loft, Ty, Reyers, Belinda, Selomane, Odirilwe, Skowno, Andrew L., Tshoke, Tshegofatso, Abdoulaye, Diarrassouba, Aebischer, Thierry, Aguirre-Gutiérrez, Jesús, Alexander, Graham J., Ali, Abdullahi H., Allan, David G., Amoako, Esther E., Angedakin, Samuel, Aruna, Edward, Avenant, Nico L., Badjedjea, Gabriel, Bakayoko, Adama, Bamba-kaya, Abraham, Bates, Michael F., Bates, Paul J. J., Belmain, Steven R., Bennitt, Emily, Bradley, James, Brewster, Chris A., Brown, Michael B., Brown, Michelle, Bryja, Josef, Butynski, Thomas M., Carvalho, Filipe, Channing, Alan, Chapman, Colin A., Cohen, Callan, Cords, Marina, Cramer, Jennifer D., Cronk, Nadine, Cunneyworth, Pamela M. K., Dalerum, Fredrik, Danquah, Emmanuel, Davies-Mostert, Harriet T., de Blocq, Andrew D., De Jong, Yvonne A., Demos, Terrence C., Denys, Christiane, Djagoun, Chabi A. M. S., Doherty-Bone, Thomas M., Drouilly, Marine, du Toit, Johan T., Ehlers Smith, David A., Ehlers Smith, Yvette C., Eiseb, Seth J., Fashing, Peter J., Ferguson, Adam W., Fernández-García, José M., Finckh, Manfred, Fischer, Claude, Gandiwa, Edson, Gaubert, Philippe, Gaugris, Jerome Y., Gibbs, Dalton J., Gilchrist, Jason S., Gil-Sánchez, Jose M., Githitho, Anthony N., Goodman, Peter S., Granjon, Laurent, Grobler, J. Paul, Gumbi, Bonginkosi C., Gvozdik, Vaclav, Harvey, James, Hauptfleisch, Morgan, Hayder, Firas, Hema, Emmanuel M., Herbst, Marna, Houngbédji, Mariano, Huntley, Brian J., Hutterer, Rainer, Ivande, Samuel T., Jackson, Kate, Jongsma, Gregory F. M., Juste, Javier, Kadjo, Blaise, Kaleme, Prince K., Kamugisha, Edwin, Kaplin, Beth A., Kato, Humphrey N., Kiffner, Christian, Kimuyu, Duncan M., Kityo, Robert M., Kouamé, N’goran G., Kouete T, Marcel, le Roux, Aliza, Lee, Alan T. K., Lötter, Mervyn C., Lykke, Anne Mette, MacFadyen, Duncan N., Macharia, Gacheru P., Madikiza, Zimkitha J. K., Mahlaba, Themb’alilahlwa A. M., Mallon, David, Mamba, Mnqobi L., Mande, Claude, Marchant, Rob A., Maritz, Robin A., Markotter, Wanda, McIntyre, Trevor, Measey, John, Mekonnen, Addisu, Meller, Paulina, Melville, Haemish I., Mganga, Kevin Z., Mills, Michael G. L., Minnie, Liaan, Missoup, Alain Didier, Mohammad, Abubakr, Moinde, Nancy N., Moise, Bakwo Fils E., Monterroso, Pedro, Moore, Jennifer F., Musila, Simon, Nago, Sedjro Gilles A., Namoto, Maganizo W., Niang, Fatimata, Nicolas, Violaine, Nkenku, Jerry B., Nkrumah, Evans E., Nono, Gonwouo L., Norbert, Mulavwa M., Nowak, Katarzyna, Obitte, Benneth C., Okoni-Williams, Arnold D., Onongo, Jonathan, O’Riain, M. Justin, Osinubi, Samuel T., Parker, Daniel M., Parrini, Francesca, Peel, Mike J. S., Penner, Johannes, Pietersen, Darren W., Plumptre, Andrew J., Ponsonby, Damian W., Porembski, Stefan, Power, R. John, Radloff, Frans G. T., Rambau, Ramugondo V., Ramesh, Tharmalingam, Richards, Leigh R., Rödel, Mark-Oliver, Rollinson, Dominic P., Rovero, Francesco, Saleh, Mostafa A., Schmiedel, Ute, Schoeman, M. Corrie, Scholte, Paul, Serfass, Thomas L., Shapiro, Julie Teresa, Shema, Sidney, Siebert, Stefan J., Slingsby, Jasper A., Sliwa, Alexander, Smit-Robinson, Hanneline A., Sogbohossou, Etotepe A., Somers, Michael J., Spawls, Stephen, Streicher, Jarryd P., Swanepoel, Lourens, Tanshi, Iroro, Taylor, Peter J., Taylor, William A., te Beest, Mariska, Telfer, Paul T., Thompson, Dave I., Tobi, Elie, Tolley, Krystal A., Turner, Andrew A., Twine, Wayne, Van Cakenberghe, Victor, Van de Perre, Frederik, van der Merwe, Helga, van Niekerk, Chris J. G., van Wyk, Pieter C. V., Venter, Jan A., Verburgt, Luke, Veron, Geraldine, Vetter, Susanne, Vorontsova, Maria S., Wagner, Thomas C., Webala, Paul W., Weber, Natalie, Weier, Sina M., White, Paula A., Whitecross, Melissa A., Wigley, Benjamin J., Willems, Frank J., Winterbach, Christiaan W., and Woodhouse, Galena M.

Published
2024
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14. Improved ACOM pattern matching in 4D STEM through adaptive sub pixel peak detection and image reconstruction

Author

Folastre, Nicolas, Cao, Junhao, Oney, Gozde, Park, Sunkyu, Jamali, Arash, Masquelier, Christian, Croguennec, Laurence, Veron, Muriel, Rauch, Edgar F., and Demortière, Arnaud

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing
Abstract

The technique known as 4D-STEM has recently emerged as a powerful tool for the local characterization of crystalline structures in materials, such as cathode materials for Li-ion batteries or perovskite materials for photovoltaics. However, the use of new detectors optimized for electron diffraction patterns and other advanced techniques requires constant adaptation of methodologies to address the challenges associated with crystalline materials. In this study, we present a novel image processing method to improve pattern matching in the determination of crystalline orientations and phases. Our approach uses sub-pixelar adaptative image processing to register and reconstruct electron diffraction signals in large 4D-STEM datasets. By using adaptive prominence and linear filters such as mean and gaussian blur, we are able to improve the quality of the diffraction pattern registration. The resulting data compression rate of 103 is well-suited for the era of big data and provides a significant enhancement in the performance of the entire ACOM data processing method. Our approach is evaluated using dedicated metrics, which demonstrate a high improvement in phase recognition. Our results demonstrate that this data preparation method not only enhances the quality of the resulting image but also boosts the confidence level in the analysis of the outcomes related to determining crystal orientation and phase. Additionally, it mitigates the impact of user bias that may occur during the application of the method through the manipulation of parameters., Comment: 22 pages (13 pages SI), 7 figures (10 figures SI)

Published
2023

15. On arch factorization and subword universality for words and compressed words

Author

Schnoebelen, Philippe and Veron, Julien

Subjects
Computer Science - Formal Languages and Automata Theory
Abstract

Using arch-jumping functions and properties of the arch factorization of words, we propose a new algorithm for computing the subword circular universality index of words. We also introduce the subword universality signature for words, that leads to simple algorithms for the universality indexes of SLP-compressed words., Comment: Accepted for publication in Proc. 14th Int. Conf. Combinatorics on Words (WORDS 2023)

Published
2023

16. Two-Phase Flow Simulations of Surface Waves in Wind-Forced Conditions

Author

Loft, Malte, Kühl, Niklas, Buckley, Marc P., Carpenter, Jeffrey R., Hinze, Michael, Veron, Fabrice, and Rung, Thomas

Subjects
Physics - Fluid Dynamics, Physics - Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Abstract

The paper is devoted to two-phase flow simulations and investigates the ability of a diffusive interface Cahn-Hilliard Volume-of-Fluid model to capture the dynamics of the air-sea interface at geophysically relevant Reynolds numbers. It employs a hybrid filtered/averaging Improved Detached Eddy Simulation method to model turbulence, and utilizes a continuum model to account for surface tension if the diffuse interface is under-resolved by the grid. A numerical wind-wave tank is introduced to limit computational costs and results obtained for two wind-wave conditions are analyzed in comparison to experimental data at matched Reynolds numbers. The focus of the comparison is on both time-averaged and wave-coherent quantities, and includes pressure, velocity as well as modeled and resolved Reynolds stresses. In general, numerical predictions agree well with the experimental measurements and reproduce many wave-dependent flow features. Reynolds stresses near the water surface are found to be especially important in modulating the critical layer height. It is concluded that the diffusive interface approach proves to be a promising method for future studies of air-sea interface dynamics in geophysically relevant flows.

Published
2022
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17. Helicobacter pylori cagA/vacAs1-m1 strain is associated with high risk of fibrosis in metabolic-dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease

Author

Facundo Maiorana, Magali Neschuk, María Virginia Caronia, Karina Elizondo, Adolfo Schneider, Georgina Veron, Pedro D Zapata, and Fernando Javier Barreyro

Subjects
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, Metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease, Helicobacter pylori, CagA, Liver fibrosis, Vibration controlled transient elastography, Specialties of internal medicine, RC581-951
Abstract

Introduction and Objectives: Recent studies have suggested an association between H. pylori and metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). We aim to evaluate the association of H. pylori virulence genes with non-invasive markers of liver injury and fibrosis in MASLD subjects. Patients and Methods: A total of 362 dyspeptic patients who underwent gastroscopy were selected. Biochemical, clinical parameters, ultrasound, FIB-4 score, liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE), gastric biopsies, and H. pylori virulence genes (cagA, vacA) were evaluated. Results: A cohort comprised of 61 % women and 39 % men with a median age of 52 (40–60) years. MASLD was observed in 42 %, and H. pylori-positive in 45 %. No differences were observed regarding H. pylori status at co-morbid metabolic conditions. In MASLD cohort, H. pylori-positive was associated with higher AST, ALT, FIB-4 and LSM. Indeed, carriers of cagA/vacA-s1/m1-positive allelic combination were associated with higher AST, ALT, FIB-4 and LSM but not cagA/vacA-s1/m1-negative. The OR for high-risk of significant/advanced- fibrosis by VCTE (≥8 kPa) with H. pylori-positive was 2.56 (95 % CI, 1.2–5.75) and for cagA/vacA-s1/-m1-positive allelic carriers was 4.01 (95 % CI, 1.38–11.56), but non-significant association in cagA/vacA-s1/-m1-negative. After adjusting for age, gender, diabetes, BMI and hypertension the OR for VCTE ≥8 kPa with H. pylori-positive was 2.43 (95 % CI, 1.88–12.44), and cagA/vacA-s1/m1-positive allelic carriers was 4.06 (95 % CI, 1.22–14.49). Conclusions: In our cohort of functional dyspepsia (FD) patients with MASLD, H. pylori was associated with non-invasive markers of liver injury and fibrosis. Carriers of cagA/vacA-s1/m1-positive allelic combination showed an independent risk of significant/advanced fibrosis by VCTE.

Published
2024
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18. Variation within the non-coding genome influences genetic and epigenetic regulation of the human leukocyte antigen genes

Author

Thilona Arumugam, Theolan Adimulam, Anmol Gokul, and Veron Ramsuran

Subjects
human leukocyte antigen system (HLA), major histocompatibility complex (MHC), single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), epigenetics, DNA methylation, non-coding RNA, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract

Variation within the non-coding genome may influence the regulation and expression of important genes involved in immune control such as the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system. Class I and Class II HLA molecules are essential for peptide presentation which is required for T lymphocyte activation. Single nucleotide polymorphisms within non-coding regions of HLA Class I and Class II genes may influence the expression of these genes by affecting the binding of transcription factors and chromatin modeling molecules. Furthermore, an interplay between genetic and epigenetic factors may also influence HLA expression. Epigenetic factors such as DNA methylation and non-coding RNA, regulate gene expression without changing the DNA sequence. However, genetic variation may promote or allow genes to escape regulation by epigenetic factors, resulting in altered expression. The HLA system is central to most diseases, therefore, understanding the role of genetics and epigenetics on HLA regulation will tremendously impact healthcare. The knowledge gained from these studies may lead to novel and cost-effective diagnostic approaches and therapeutic interventions. This review discusses the role of non-coding variants on HLA regulation. Furthermore, we discuss the interplay between genetic and epigenetic factors on the regulation of HLA by evaluating literature based on polymorphisms within DNA methylation and miRNA regulatory sites within class I and Class II HLA genes. We also provide insight into the importance of the HLA non-coding genome on disease, discuss ethnic-specific differences across the HLA region and provide guidelines for future HLA studies.

Published
2024
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19. Elliptic Hamilton-Jacobi systems and Lane-Emden Hardy-H{\'e}non equations

Author

Bidaut-Véron, Marie-Françoise and Huidobro, Marta Garcia

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs
Abstract

Here we study the solutions of any sign of the system --$\Delta$u 1 = |$\nabla$u 2 | p , --$\Delta$u 2 = |$\nabla$u 1 | q , in a domain of R N , N 3 and p, q > 0, pq > 1.. We show their relation with Lane-Emden Hardy-H{\'e}non equations --$\Delta$ N p w= $\epsilon$r $\sigma$ w q , $\epsilon$ = $\pm$1, where u $\rightarrow$ $\Delta$ N p u (p > 1) is the p-Laplacian in dimension N, q > p -- 1 and $\sigma$ $\in$ R. This leads us to explore these equations in not often tackled ranges of the parameters N, p, $\sigma$. We make a complete description of the radial solutions of the system and of the Hardy-Henon equations and give nonradial a priori estimates and Liouville type results.

Published
2022

20. Trace and boundary singularities of positive solutions of a class of quasilinear equations

Author

Bidaut-Véron, Marie-Françoise and Véron, Laurent

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs
Abstract

We study properties of positive functions satisfying (E) --$\Delta$u+m|$\nabla$u| q -- u p = 0 is a domain $\Omega$ or in R N + when p > 1 and 1 < q < 2. We give sufficient conditions for the existence of a solution to (E) with a nonnegative measure $\mu$ as boundary data, and these conditions are expressed in terms of Bessel capacities on the boundary. We also study removable boundary singularities and solutions with an isolated singularity on $\partial$$\Omega$. The different results depends on two critical exponents for p = p c := N +1 N --1 and for q = q c := N +1 N and on the position of q with respect to 2p p+1. Contents

Published
2022

21. Improved ACOM pattern matching in 4D-STEM through adaptive sub-pixel peak detection and image reconstruction

Author

Nicolas Folastre, Junhao Cao, Gozde Oney, Sunkyu Park, Arash Jamali, Christian Masquelier, Laurence Croguennec, Muriel Veron, Edgar F. Rauch, and Arnaud Demortière

Subjects
4D-STEM ACOM, Scanning nano-diffraction, Image processing, Registration, Data reduction, Pattern matching, Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract The technique known as 4D-STEM has recently emerged as a powerful tool for the local characterization of crystalline structures in materials, such as cathode materials for Li-ion batteries or perovskite materials for photovoltaics. However, the use of new detectors optimized for electron diffraction patterns and other advanced techniques requires constant adaptation of methodologies to address the challenges associated with crystalline materials. In this study, we present a novel image-processing method to improve pattern matching in the determination of crystalline orientations and phases. Our approach uses sub-pixel adaptive image processing to register and reconstruct electron diffraction signals in large 4D-STEM datasets. By using adaptive prominence and linear filters, we can improve the quality of the diffraction pattern registration. The resulting data compression rate of 103 is well-suited for the era of big data and provides a significant enhancement in the performance of the entire ACOM data processing method. Our approach is evaluated using dedicated metrics, which demonstrate a high improvement in phase recognition. Several features are extracted from the registered data to map properties such as the spot count, and various virtual dark fields, which are used to enhance the handling of the results maps. Our results demonstrate that this data preparation method not only enhances the quality of the resulting image but also boosts the confidence level in the analysis of the outcomes related to determining crystal orientation and phase. Additionally, it mitigates the impact of user bias that may occur during the application of the method through the manipulation of parameters.

Published
2024
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22. Narrative Review Explaining the Role of HLA-A, -B, and -C Molecules in COVID-19 Disease in and around Africa

Author

Lisa Naidoo, Thilona Arumugam, and Veron Ramsuran

Subjects
host genetics, COVID-19, HLA, Other systems of medicine, RZ201-999
Abstract

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has left a devasting effect on various regions globally. Africa has exceptionally high rates of other infectious diseases, such as tuberculosis (TB), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and malaria, and was not impacted by COVID-19 to the extent of other continents Globally, COVID-19 has caused approximately 7 million deaths and 700 million infections thus far. COVID-19 disease severity and susceptibility vary among individuals and populations, which could be attributed to various factors, including the viral strain, host genetics, environment, lifespan, and co-existing conditions. Host genetics play a substantial part in COVID-19 disease severity among individuals. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) was previously been shown to be very important across host immune responses against viruses. HLA has been a widely studied gene region for various disease associations that have been identified. HLA proteins present peptides to the cytotoxic lymphocytes, which causes an immune response to kill infected cells. The HLA molecule serves as the central region for infectious disease association; therefore, we expect HLA disease association with COVID-19. Therefore, in this narrative review, we look at the HLA gene region, particularly, HLA class I, to understand its role in COVID-19 disease.

Published
2024
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23. Singularities of fractional Emden's equations via Caffarelli-Silvestre extension

Author

Chen, Huyuan and Véron, Laurent

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs
Abstract

We study the isolated singularities of functions satisfying (E) (--$\Delta$) s v$\pm$|v| p--1 v = 0 in $\Omega$\{0}, v = 0 in R N \$\Omega$, where 0 < s < 1, p > 1 and $\Omega$ is a bounded domain containing the origin. We use the Caffarelli-Silvestre extension to R + x R N. We emphasize the obtention of a priori estimates, analyse the set of self-similar solutions via energy methods to characterize the singularities., Comment: Journal of Differential Equations, In press

Published
2022

24. Knowledge and beliefs of endocrine disruptors in pediatrics: all hands on deck!

Author

Aurélie Portefaix, Thomas Loppinet, Laura Tourvieilhe, Giuseppe Balice, Nathan de Veron de La Combe, Behrouz Kassai, and Justine Bacchetta

Subjects
ED, pediatric health professionals, endocrine disruptor (ECD), pediatric health, knowledge beliefs, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Endocrine disruptors (ED) are ubiquitous pollutants, possibly implicated in chronic disease. Exposure of vulnerable populations; including neonates, infants and children; must therefore be limited. Informing parents is now a public health challenge. We conducted a quantitative cross-sectional study at the Lyon Mother and child Hospital. We used questionnaires to assess the beliefs and knowledge about ED of parents and pediatric healthcare professionals in the pediatric ward in Lyon, France. A total of 746 questionnaires were completed: 444 for professionals and 302 for parents. The majority of both populations had already heard of ED but only 10% of parents and 5% of professionals felt sufficiently informed. Professionals answered better than parents (73% vs. 60%). The main source of information was similar: media. Only 20% of professionals had read a scientific article about ED and 4% have followed a training. Environmental exposure and EDs is an increasing concern for parents but specific knowledge remains scare for parents and professionals. Specific training is needed.

Published
2024
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25. Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccination to prevent febrile and respiratory illness in adults (BRACE): secondary outcomes of a randomised controlled phase 3 trialResearch in context

Author

Laure F. Pittet, Nicole L. Messina, Ellie McDonald, Francesca Orsini, Simone Barry, Marc Bonten, John Campbell, Julio Croda, Mariana G. Croda, Margareth Dalcolmo, Kaya Gardiner, Amanda Gwee, Bruno Jardim, Marcus V.G. Lacerda, Michaela Lucas, David J. Lynn, Laurens Manning, Kirsten P. Perrett, Jeffrey J. Post, Cristina Prat-Aymerich, Peter C. Richmond, Jorge L. Rocha, Jesus Rodriguez-Baño, Adilia Warris, Nicholas J. Wood, Andrew Davidson, Nigel Curtis, Tenaya Jamieson, Nicole Messina, Thilanka Morawakage, Susan Perlen, Kirsten Perrett, Laure Pittet, Amber Sastry, Jia Wei Teo, Katherine Lee, Cecilia Moore, Suzanna Vidmar, Rashida Ali, Ross Dunn, Peta Edler, Grace Gell, Casey Goodall, Richard Hall, Ann Krastev, Nathan La, Nick McPhate, Thao Nguyen, Jack Ren, Luke Stevens, Ahmed Alamrousi, Rhian Bonnici, Thanh Dang, Susie Germano, Jenny Hua, Rebecca McElroy, Monica Razmovska, Scott Reddiex, Xiaofang Wang, Jeremy Anderson, Kristy Azzopardi, Vicki Bennett-Wood, Anna Czajko, Nadia Mazarakis, Conor McCafferty, Frances Oppedisano, Belinda Ortika, Casey Pell, Leena Spry, Ryan Toh, Sunitha Velagapudi, Amanda Vlahos, Ashleigh Wee-Hee, Pedro Ramos, Karina De La Cruz, Dinusha Gamage, Anushka Karunanayake, Isabella Mezzetti, Benjamin Ong, Ronita Singh, Enoshini Sooriyarachchi, Suellen Nicholson, Natalie Cain, Rianne Brizuela, Han Huang, Veronica Abruzzo, Morgan Bealing, Patricia Bimboese, Kirsty Bowes, Emma Burrell, Joyce Chan, Jac Cushnahan, Hannah Elborough, Olivia Elkington, Kieran Fahey, Monique Fernandez, Catherine Flynn, Sarah Fowler, Marie Gentile Andrit, Bojana Gladanac, Catherine Hammond, Norine Ma, Sam Macalister, Emmah Milojevic, Jesutofunmi Mojeed, Jill Nguyen, Liz O'Donnell, Nadia Olivier, Isabelle Ooi, Stephanie Reynolds, Lisa Shen, Barb Sherry, Judith Spotswood, Jamie Wedderburn, Angela Younes, Donna Legge, Jason Bell, Jo Cheah, Annie Cobbledick, Kee Lim, Sonja Elia, Lynne Addlem, Anna Bourke, Clare Brophy, Nadine Henare, Narelle Jenkins, Francesca Machingaifa, Skye Miller, Kirsten Mitchell, Sigrid Pitkin, Kate Wall, Paola Villanueva, Nigel Crawford, Wendy Norton, Niki Tan, Thilakavathi Chengodu, Diane Dawson, Victoria Gordon, Tony Korman, Jess O'Bryan, Sophie Agius, Samantha Bannister, Jess Bucholc, Alison Burns, Beatriz Camesella, John Carlin, Marianna Ciaverella, Maxwell Curtis, Stephanie Firth, Christina Guo, Matthew Hannan, Erin Hill, Sri Joshi, Katherine Lieschke, Megan Mathers, Sasha Odoi, Ashleigh Rak, Chris Richards, Leah Steve, Carolyn Stewart, Eva Sudbury, Helen Thomson, Emma Watts, Fiona Williams, Angela Young, Penny Glenn, Andrew Kaynes, Amandine Philippart De Floy, Sandy Buchanan, Thijs Sondag, Ivy Xie, Harriet Edmund, Bridie Byrne, Tom Keeble, Belle Ngien, Fran Noonan, Michelle Wearing-Smith, Alison Clarke, Pemma Davies, Oliver Eastwood, Alric Ellinghaus, Rachid Ghieh, Zahra Hilton, Emma Jennings, Athina Kakkos, Iris Liang, Katie Nicol, Sally O'Callaghan, Helen Osman, Gowri Rajaram, Sophia Ratcliffe, Victoria Rayner, Ashleigh Salmon, Angela Scheppokat, Aimee Stevens, Rebekah Street, Nicholas Toogood, Nicholas Wood, Twinkle Bahaduri, Therese Baulman, Jennifer Byrne, Candace Carter, Mary Corbett, Aiken Dao, Maria Desylva, Andrew Dunn, Evangeline Gardiner, Rosemary Joyce, Rama Kandasamy, Craig Munns, Lisa Pelayo, Ketaki Sharma, Katrina Sterling, Caitlin Uren, Clinton Colaco, Mark Douglas, Kate Hamilton, Adam Bartlett, Brendan McMullan, Pamela Palasanthiran, Phoebe Williams, Justin Beardsley, Nikki Bergant, Renier Lagunday, Kristen Overton, Jeffrey Post, Yasmeen Al-Hindawi, Sarah Barney, Anthony Byrne, Lee Mead, Marshall Plit, David Lynn, Saoirse Benson, Stephen Blake, Rochelle Botten, Tee Yee Chern, Georgina Eden, Liddy Griffith, Jane James, Miriam Lynn, Angela Markow, Domenic Sacca, Natalie Stevens, Steve Wesselingh, Catriona Doran, Alice Sawka, Sue Evans, Louise Goodchild, Christine Heath, Meredith Krieg, Helen Marshall, Mark McMillan, Mary Walker, Peter Richmond, Nelly Amenyogbe, Christina Anthony, Annabelle Arnold, Beth Arrowsmith, Rym Ben-Othman, Sharon Clark, Jemma Dunnill, Nat Eiffler, Krist Ewe, Carolyn Finucane, Lorraine Flynn, Camille Gibson, Lucy Hartnell, Elysia Hollams, Heidi Hutton, Lance Jarvis, Jane Jones, Jan Jones, Karen Jones, Jennifer Kent, Tobias Kollmann, Debbie Lalich, Wenna Lee, Rachel Lim, Sonia McAlister, Fiona McDonald, Andrea Meehan, Asma Minhaj, Lisa Montgomery, Melissa O'Donnell, Jaslyn Ong, Joanne Ong, Kimberley Parkin, Glady Perez, Catherine Power, Shadie Rezazadeh, Holly Richmond, Sally Rogers, Nikki Schultz, Margaret Shave, Patrycja Skut, Lisa Stiglmayer, Alexandra Truelove, Ushma Wadia, Rachael Wallace, Justin Waring, Michelle England, Erin Latkovic, Susan Herrmann, Marcus Lacerda, Paulo Henrique Andrade, Fabiane Bianca Barbosa, Dayanne Barros, Larissa Brasil, Ana Greyce Capella, Ramon Castro, Erlane Costa, Dilcimar de Souza, Maianne Dias, José Dias, Klenilson Ferreira, Paula Figueiredo, Thamires Freitas, Ana Carolina Furtado, Larissa Gama, Vanessa Godinho, Cintia Gouy, Daniele Hinojosa, Tyane Jardim, Joel Junior, Augustto Lima, Bernardo Maia, Adriana Marins, Kelry Mazurega, Tercilene Medeiros, Rosangela Melo, Marinete Moraes, Elizandra Nascimento, Juliana Neves, Maria Gabriela Oliveira, Thais Oliveira, Ingrid Oliveira, Arthur Otsuka, Rayssa Paes, Handerson Pereira, Gabrielle Pereira, Christiane Prado, Evelyn Queiroz, Laleyska Rodrigues, Bebeto Rodrigues, Vanderson Sampaio, Anna Gabriela Santos, Daniel Santos, Tilza Santos, Evelyn Santos, Ariandra Sartim, Ana Beatriz Silva, Juliana Silva, Emanuelle Silva, Mariana Simão, Caroline Soares, Antonny Sousa, Alexandre Trindade, Fernando Val, Adria Vasconcelos, Heline Vasconcelos, Carolinne Abreu, Katya Martinez Almeida, Camila Bitencourt de Andrade, Jhenyfer Thalyta Campos Angelo, Ghislaine Gonçalvez de Araújo Arcanjo, Bianca Maria Silva Menezes Arruda, Wellyngthon Espindola Ayala, Adelita Agripina Refosco Barbosa, Felipe Zampieri Vieira Batista, Fabiani de Morais Batista, Miriam de Jesus Costa, Mariana Garcia Croda, Lais Alves da Cruz, Roberta Carolina Pereira Diogo, Rodrigo Cezar Dutra Escobar, Iara Rodrigues Fernandes, Leticia Ramires Figueiredo, Leandro Galdino Cavalcanti Gonçalves, Sarita Lahdo, Joyce dos Santos Lencina, Guilherme Teodoro de Lima, Bruna Tayara LEOPOLDINA MEIRELES, Debora Quadros Moreira, Lilian Batista Silva Muranaka, Adriely de Oliveira, Karla Regina Warszawski de Oliveira, Matheus Vieira de Oliveira, Roberto Dias de Oliveira, Andrea Antonia Souza de Almeida dos Reis Pereira, Marco Puga, Caroliny Veron Ramos, Thaynara Haynara Souza da Rosa, Karla Lopes dos Santos, Claudinalva Ribeiro dos Santos, Dyenyffer Stéffany Leopoldina dos Santos, Karina Marques Santos, Paulo César Pereira da Silva, Paulo Victor Rocha da Silva, Débora dos Santos Silva, Patricia Vieira da Silva, Bruno Freitas da Rosa Soares, Mariana Gazzoni Sperotto, Mariana Mayumi Tadokoro, Daniel Tsuha, Hugo Miguel Ramos Vieira, Margareth Maria Pretti Dalcolmo, Cíntia Maria Lopes Alves da Paixão, Gabriela Corrêa E Castro, Simone Silva Collopy, Renato da Costa Silva, Samyra Almeida da Silveira, Alda Maria Da-Cruz, Alessandra Maria da Silva Passos de Carvalho, Rita de Cássia Batista, Maria Luciana Silva De Freitas, Aline Gerhardt de Oliveira Ferreira, Ana Paula Conceição de Souza, Paola Cerbino Doblas, Ayla Alcoforado da Silva dos Santos, Vanessa Cristine de Moraes dos Santos, Dayane Alves dos Santos Gomes, Anderson Lage Fortunato, Adriano Gomes-Silva, Monique Pinto Gonçalves, Paulo Leandro Garcia Meireless Junior, Estela Martins da Costa Carvalho, Fernando do Couto Motta, Ligia Maria Olivo de Mendonça, Girlene dos Santos Pandine, Rosa Maria Plácido Pereira, Ivan Ramos Maia, Jorge Luiz da Rocha, João Victor Paiva Romano, Glauce dos Santos, Erica Fernandes da Silva, Marilda Agudo Mendonça Teixeira de Siqueira, Ágatha Cristinne Prudêncio Soares, Sandra Franch Arroyo, Henny Ophorst-den Besten, Anna Boon, Karin M. Brakke, Axel Janssen, Marijke A.H. Koopmans, Toos Lemmens, Titia Leurink, Engelien Septer-Bijleveld, Kimberly Stadhouders, Darren Troeman, Marije van der Waal, Marjoleine van Opdorp, Nicolette van Sluis, Beatrijs Wolters, Jan Kluytmans, Jannie Romme, Wouter van den Bijllaardt, Linda van Mook, M.M.L (Miranda) van Rijen, P.M.G. Filius, Jet Gisolf, Frances Greven, Danique Huijbens, Robert Jan Hassing, R.C. Pon, Lieke Preijers, J.H. van Leusen, Harald Verheij, Wim Boersma, Evelien Brans, Paul Kloeg, Kitty Molenaar-Groot, Nhat Khanh Nguyen, Nienke Paternotte, Anke Rol, Lida Stooper, Helga Dijkstra, Esther Eggenhuizen, Lucas Huijs, Simone Moorlag, Mihai Netea, Eva Pranger, Esther Taks, Jaap ten Oever, Rob ter Heine, Kitty Blauwendraat, Bob Meek, Isil Erkaya, Houda Harbech, Nienke Roescher, Rifka Peeters, Menno te Riele, Carmen Zhou, Esther Calbo, Cristina Badia Marti, Emma Triviño Palomares, Tomás Perez Porcuna, Anabel Barriocanal, Ana Maria Barriocanal, Irma Casas, Jose Dominguez, Maria Esteve, Alicia Lacoma, Irene Latorre, Gemma Molina, Barbara Molina, Antoni Rosell, Sandra Vidal, Lydia Barrera, Natalia Bustos, Ines Portillo Calderón, David Gutierrez Campos, Jose Manuel Carretero, Angel Dominguez Castellano, Renato Compagnone, Encarnacion Ramirez de Arellano, Almudena de la Serna, Maria Dolores del Toro Lopez, Marie-Alix Clement Espindola, Ana Belen Martin Gutierrez, Alvaro Pascual Hernandez, Virginia Palomo Jiménez, Elisa Moreno, Nicolas Navarrete, Teresa Rodriguez Paño, Jesús Rodríguez-Baño, Enriqueta Tristán, Maria Jose Rios Villegas, Atsegiñe Canga Garces, Erika Castro Amo, Raquel Coya Guerrero, Josune Goikoetxea, Leticia Jorge, Cristina Perez, María Carmen Fariñas Álvarez, Manuel Gutierrez Cuadra, Francisco Arnaiz de las Revillas Almajano, Pilar Bohedo Garcia, Teresa Giménez Poderos, Claudia González Rico, Blanca Sanchez, Olga Valero, Noelia Vega, Anna Barnes, Helen Catterick, Tim Cranston, Phoebe Dawe, Emily Fletcher, Liam Fouracre, Alison Gifford, Neil Gow, John Kirkwood, Christopher Martin, Amy McAnew, Marcus Mitchell, Georgina Newman, Abby O'Connell, Jakob Onysk, Lynne Quinn, Shelley Rhodes, Samuel Stone, Lorrie Symons, Harry Tripp, Darcy Watkins, Bethany Whale, Alex Harding, Gemma Lockhart, Kate Sidaway-Lee, Sam Hilton, Sarah Manton, Daniel Webber-Rookes, Rachel Winder, James Moore, Freya Bateman, Michael Gibbons, Bridget Knight, Julie Moss, Sarah Statton, Josephine Studham, Lydia Hall, Will Moyle, and Tamsin Venton

Subjects
Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, Immunity, Heterologous, Health personnel, Randomised controlled trial, Primary prevention, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Summary: Background: Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination has off-target (non-specific) effects that are associated with protection against unrelated infections and decreased all-cause mortality in infants. We aimed to determine whether BCG vaccination prevents febrile and respiratory infections in adults. Methods: This randomised controlled phase 3 trial was done in 36 healthcare centres in Australia, Brazil, the Netherlands, Spain, and the United Kingdom. Healthcare workers were randomised to receive BCG-Denmark (single 0.1 ml intradermal injection) or no BCG in a 1:1 ratio using a web-based procedure, stratified by stage, site, age, and presence of co-morbidity. The difference in occurrence of febrile or respiratory illness were measured over 12 months (prespecified secondary outcome) using the intention-to-treat (ITT) population. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04327206. Findings: Between March 30, 2020, and April 1, 2021, 6828 healthcare workers were randomised to BCG-Denmark (n = 3417) or control (n = 3411; no intervention or placebo) groups. The 12-month adjusted estimated risk of ≥1 episode of febrile or respiratory illness was 66.8% in the BCG group (95% CI 65.3%–68.2%), compared with 63.4% in the control group (95% CI 61.8%–65.0%), a difference of +3.4 percentage points (95% CI +1.3% to +5.5%; p 0.002). The adjusted estimated risk of a severe episode (defined as being incapacitated for ≥3 consecutive days or hospitalised) was 19.4% in the BCG group (95% CI 18.0%–20.7%), compared with 18.8% in the control group (95% CI 17.4%–20.2%) a difference of +0.6 percentage points (95% CI −1.3% to +2.5%; p 0.6). Both groups had a similar number of episodes of illness, pneumonia, and hospitalisation. There were three deaths, all in the control group. There were no safety concerns following BCG vaccination. Interpretation: In contrast to the beneficial off-target effects reported following neonatal BCG in infants, a small increased risk of symptomatic febrile or respiratory illness was observed in the 12 months following BCG vaccination in adults. There was no evidence of a difference in the risk of severe disease. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Minderoo Foundation, Sarah and Lachlan Murdoch, the Royal Children's Hospital Foundation, Health Services Union NSW, the Peter Sowerby Foundation, SA Health, the Insurance Advisernet Foundation, the NAB Foundation, the Calvert-Jones Foundation, the Modara Pines Charitable Foundation, the UHG Foundation Pty Ltd, Epworth Healthcare, the National Health and Medical Research Council, the Swiss National Science Foundation and individual donors.

Published
2024
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26. Singular solutions of some elliptic equations involving mixed absorption-reaction

Author

Bidaut-Véron, Marie-Françoise, Huidobro, Marta Garcia, and Véron, Laurent

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, 35J60-35J62-35J75-34A34-34C37
Abstract

We study properties of nonnegative functions satisfying (E)$\;-\Delta u+u^p-M|\nabla u|^q=0$ is a domain of $\mathbb{R}^N$ when $p>1$, $M>0$ and $1

Published
2021

27. The bii4africa dataset of faunal and floral population intactness estimates across Africa’s major land uses

Author

Hayley S. Clements, Emmanuel Do Linh San, Gareth Hempson, Birthe Linden, Bryan Maritz, Ara Monadjem, Chevonne Reynolds, Frances Siebert, Nicola Stevens, Reinette Biggs, Alta De Vos, Ryan Blanchard, Matthew Child, Karen J. Esler, Maike Hamann, Ty Loft, Belinda Reyers, Odirilwe Selomane, Andrew L. Skowno, Tshegofatso Tshoke, Diarrassouba Abdoulaye, Thierry Aebischer, Jesús Aguirre-Gutiérrez, Graham J. Alexander, Abdullahi H. Ali, David G. Allan, Esther E. Amoako, Samuel Angedakin, Edward Aruna, Nico L. Avenant, Gabriel Badjedjea, Adama Bakayoko, Abraham Bamba-kaya, Michael F. Bates, Paul J. J. Bates, Steven R. Belmain, Emily Bennitt, James Bradley, Chris A. Brewster, Michael B. Brown, Michelle Brown, Josef Bryja, Thomas M. Butynski, Filipe Carvalho, Alan Channing, Colin A. Chapman, Callan Cohen, Marina Cords, Jennifer D. Cramer, Nadine Cronk, Pamela M. K. Cunneyworth, Fredrik Dalerum, Emmanuel Danquah, Harriet T. Davies-Mostert, Andrew D. de Blocq, Yvonne A. De Jong, Terrence C. Demos, Christiane Denys, Chabi A. M. S. Djagoun, Thomas M. Doherty-Bone, Marine Drouilly, Johan T. du Toit, David A. Ehlers Smith, Yvette C. Ehlers Smith, Seth J. Eiseb, Peter J. Fashing, Adam W. Ferguson, José M. Fernández-García, Manfred Finckh, Claude Fischer, Edson Gandiwa, Philippe Gaubert, Jerome Y. Gaugris, Dalton J. Gibbs, Jason S. Gilchrist, Jose M. Gil-Sánchez, Anthony N. Githitho, Peter S. Goodman, Laurent Granjon, J. Paul Grobler, Bonginkosi C. Gumbi, Vaclav Gvozdik, James Harvey, Morgan Hauptfleisch, Firas Hayder, Emmanuel M. Hema, Marna Herbst, Mariano Houngbédji, Brian J. Huntley, Rainer Hutterer, Samuel T. Ivande, Kate Jackson, Gregory F. M. Jongsma, Javier Juste, Blaise Kadjo, Prince K. Kaleme, Edwin Kamugisha, Beth A. Kaplin, Humphrey N. Kato, Christian Kiffner, Duncan M. Kimuyu, Robert M. Kityo, N’goran G. Kouamé, Marcel Kouete T, Aliza le Roux, Alan T. K. Lee, Mervyn C. Lötter, Anne Mette Lykke, Duncan N. MacFadyen, Gacheru P. Macharia, Zimkitha J. K. Madikiza, Themb’alilahlwa A. M. Mahlaba, David Mallon, Mnqobi L. Mamba, Claude Mande, Rob A. Marchant, Robin A. Maritz, Wanda Markotter, Trevor McIntyre, John Measey, Addisu Mekonnen, Paulina Meller, Haemish I. Melville, Kevin Z. Mganga, Michael G. L. Mills, Liaan Minnie, Alain Didier Missoup, Abubakr Mohammad, Nancy N. Moinde, Bakwo Fils E. Moise, Pedro Monterroso, Jennifer F. Moore, Simon Musila, Sedjro Gilles A. Nago, Maganizo W. Namoto, Fatimata Niang, Violaine Nicolas, Jerry B. Nkenku, Evans E. Nkrumah, Gonwouo L. Nono, Mulavwa M. Norbert, Katarzyna Nowak, Benneth C. Obitte, Arnold D. Okoni-Williams, Jonathan Onongo, M. Justin O’Riain, Samuel T. Osinubi, Daniel M. Parker, Francesca Parrini, Mike J. S. Peel, Johannes Penner, Darren W. Pietersen, Andrew J. Plumptre, Damian W. Ponsonby, Stefan Porembski, R. John Power, Frans G. T. Radloff, Ramugondo V. Rambau, Tharmalingam Ramesh, Leigh R. Richards, Mark-Oliver Rödel, Dominic P. Rollinson, Francesco Rovero, Mostafa A. Saleh, Ute Schmiedel, M. Corrie Schoeman, Paul Scholte, Thomas L. Serfass, Julie Teresa Shapiro, Sidney Shema, Stefan J. Siebert, Jasper A. Slingsby, Alexander Sliwa, Hanneline A. Smit-Robinson, Etotepe A. Sogbohossou, Michael J. Somers, Stephen Spawls, Jarryd P. Streicher, Lourens Swanepoel, Iroro Tanshi, Peter J. Taylor, William A. Taylor, Mariska te Beest, Paul T. Telfer, Dave I. Thompson, Elie Tobi, Krystal A. Tolley, Andrew A. Turner, Wayne Twine, Victor Van Cakenberghe, Frederik Van de Perre, Helga van der Merwe, Chris J. G. van Niekerk, Pieter C. V. van Wyk, Jan A. Venter, Luke Verburgt, Geraldine Veron, Susanne Vetter, Maria S. Vorontsova, Thomas C. Wagner, Paul W. Webala, Natalie Weber, Sina M. Weier, Paula A. White, Melissa A. Whitecross, Benjamin J. Wigley, Frank J. Willems, Christiaan W. Winterbach, and Galena M. Woodhouse

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract Sub-Saharan Africa is under-represented in global biodiversity datasets, particularly regarding the impact of land use on species’ population abundances. Drawing on recent advances in expert elicitation to ensure data consistency, 200 experts were convened using a modified-Delphi process to estimate ‘intactness scores’: the remaining proportion of an ‘intact’ reference population of a species group in a particular land use, on a scale from 0 (no remaining individuals) to 1 (same abundance as the reference) and, in rare cases, to 2 (populations that thrive in human-modified landscapes). The resulting bii4africa dataset contains intactness scores representing terrestrial vertebrates (tetrapods: ±5,400 amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals) and vascular plants (±45,000 forbs, graminoids, trees, shrubs) in sub-Saharan Africa across the region’s major land uses (urban, cropland, rangeland, plantation, protected, etc.) and intensities (e.g., large-scale vs smallholder cropland). This dataset was co-produced as part of the Biodiversity Intactness Index for Africa Project. Additional uses include assessing ecosystem condition; rectifying geographic/taxonomic biases in global biodiversity indicators and maps; and informing the Red List of Ecosystems.

Published
2024
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28. Faster multiplication over $\mathbb{F}_2[X]$ using AVX512 instruction set and VPCLMULQDQ instruction

Author

Robert, Jean-Marc and Véron, Pascal

Subjects
Computer Science - Cryptography and Security, 11T71, E.3, E.4
Abstract

Code-based cryptography is one of the main propositions for the post-quantum cryptographic context, and several protocols of this kind have been submitted on the NIST platform. Among them, BIKE and HQC are part of the five alternate candidates selected in the third round of the NIST standardization process in the KEM category. These two schemes make use of multiplication of large polynomials over binary rings, and due to the polynomial size (from 10,000 to 60,000 bits), this operation is one of the costliest during key generation, encapsulation, or decapsulation mechanisms. In this work, we revisit the different existing constant-time algorithms for arbitrary polynomial multiplication. We explore the different Karatsuba and Toom-Cook constructions in order to determine the best combinations for each polynomial degree range, in the context of AVX2 and AVX512 instruction sets. This leads to different kernels and constructions in each case. In particular, in the context of AVX512, we use the VPCLMULQDQ instruction, which is a vectorized binary polynomial multiplication instruction. This instruction deals with up to four polynomial (of degree up to 63) multiplications, the four results being stored in one single 512-bit word. This allows to divide by roughly 3 the retired instruction number of the operation in comparison with the AVX2 instruction set implementations, while the speedup is up to 39% in terms of processor clock cycles. These results are different than the ones estimated in Drucker (Fast multiplication of binary polynomials with the forthcoming vectorized vpclmulqdq instruction, 2018). To illustrate the benefit of the new VPCLMULQDQ instruction, we used the HQC code to evaluate our approaches. When implemented in the HQC protocol, for the security levels 128, 192, and 256, our approaches provide up to 12% speedup, for key pair generation.

Published
2022
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29. Measure data problems for a class of elliptic equations with mixed absorption-reaction

Author

Bidaut-Veron, Marie-Francoise, Garcia-Huidobro, Marta, and Veron, Laurent

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, 35J62-35J66-31C15-28A12
Abstract

We study the existence of nonnegative solutions to the Dirichlet problem $\CL^{_{^M}}_{p,q}u:=-\Delta u+u^p-M|\nabla u|^q=\mu$ in a domain $\Omega\subset\BBR^N$ where $\mu$ is a nonnegative Radon measure, when $p>1$, $q>1$ and $M\geq 0$. We also give conditions under which nonnegative solutions of $\CL^{_{^M}}_{p,q}u=0$ in $\Omega\setminus K$ where $K$ is a compact subset of $\Omega$ can be extended as a solution of the same equation in $\Omega$, Comment: 26 pages

Published
2021

31. Biphasic (Lu,Gd)3Al5O12-based transparent nanoceramic color converters for high-power white LED/LD lighting

Author

Jie Fu, Ying Zhang, Shaowei Feng, Mathieu Allix, Cécile Genevois, Emmanuel Veron, Zhibiao Ma, Wenlong Xu, Linghan Bai, Ruyu Fan, Yafeng Yang, Hui Wang, and Jianqiang Li

Subjects
glass crystallization, (lu,gd)3al5o12 (lugag)–al2o3 nanoceramics, high-power wleds/lds, white lighting, Clay industries. Ceramics. Glass, TP785-869
Abstract

Ce doped Lu3Al5O12 (Ce:LuAG) transparent ceramics are considered as promising color converters for solid-state lighting because of their excellent luminous efficiency, high thermal quenching temperature, and good thermal stability. However, Ce:LuAG ceramics mainly emit green light. The shortage of red light as well as the expensive price of Lu compounds are hindering their application for white lighting. In this work, transparent (Lu,Gd)3Al5O12–Al2O3 (LuGAG–Al2O3) nanoceramics with different replacing contents of Gd3+ (10%–50%) were successfully elaborated via a glass-crystallization method. The obtained ceramics with full nanoscale grains are composed of the main LuGAG crystalline phase and secondary Al2O3 phase, exhibiting eminent transparency of 81.0%@780 nm. After doping by Ce3+, the Ce:LuGAG–Al2O3 nanoceramics show a significant red shift (510 nm→550 nm) and make up for the deficiency of red light component in the emission spectrum. The Ce:LuAG–Al2O3 nanoceramics with 20% Gd3+ show high internal quantum efficiency (81.5% in internal quantum efficiency (IQE), 96.7% of Ce:LuAG–Al2O3 nanoceramics) and good thermal stability (only 9% loss in IQE at 150 ℃). When combined with blue LED chips (10 W), 0.3%Ce:LuGAG–Al2O3 nanoceramics with 20% Gd3+ successfully realize the high-quality warm white LED lighting with a color coordinate of (0.3566, 0.435), a color temperature of 4347 K, CRI of 67.7, and a luminous efficiency of 175.8 lm·W−1. When the transparent 0.3%Ce:LuGAG–Al2O3 nanoceramics are excited by blue laser (5 W·mm−2), the emission peak position redshifts from 517 to 570 nm, the emitted light exhibits a continuous change from green light to yellow light, and then to orange-yellow light, and the maximum luminous efficiency is up to 234.49 lm·W−1 (20% Gd3+). Taking into account the high quantum efficiency, good thermal stability, and excellent and adjustable luminous properties, the transparent Ce:LuGAG–Al2O3 nanoceramics with different Gd3+ substitution contents in this paper are believed to be promising candidates for high-power white LED/LD lighting.

Published
2023
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32. Geographical Variation in the Sand Cat, Felis margarita (Carnivora: Felidae)

Author

Andrew C. Kitchener, Alexei V. Abramov, Géraldine Veron, Lisa Banfield, Helen Senn, Nobuyuki Yamaguchi, and Andrey Yu. Puzachenko

Subjects
biogeography, geographical variation, pelage, sand cat, Felis margarita, skull, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Sand cats, Felis margarita, range from northern Africa and the Arabian Peninsula to Central Asia. Their apparently discontinuous distribution is recognized as comprising four subspecies. Recent genetic research found little differentiation between subspecies except for the North African form. In this study, 90 skins and 88 skulls were analyzed from the four subspecies. A discriminant function analysis of the scores, ranging from 1 to 4, of four pelage characteristics revealed differentiation between putative subspecies, except between Turkmenian and Pakistani sand cats. Northern African and Arabian sand cats tend to be spotted and striped, while Turkmenian and Pakistani sand cats are less spotted and have a dorsal crest of fur. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) models generated from 21 skull measurements revealed an overlap in morphospace between all subspecies, except for larger Turkmenian sand cats; northern African sand cats were smallest. Therefore, both pelage characteristics and skull morphometrics support up to three subspecies. However, considering recent genetic research, it is likely that two subspecies should be recognized, F. m. margarita from northern Africa and F. m. thinobia from the Arabian Peninsula, and Southwest and Central Asia. Widening of the dataset and nuclear DNA evidence are required to increase our understanding of geographical variation in this little studied species.

Published
2024
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33. Genetic variation that determines TAPBP expression levels associates with the course of malaria in an HLA allotype-dependent manner

Author

Walker-Sperling, Victoria, Digitale, Jean C, Viard, Mathias, Martin, Maureen P, Bashirova, Arman, Yuki, Yuko, Ramsuran, Veron, Kulkarni, Smita, Naranbhai, Vivek, Li, Hongchuan, Anderson, Stephen K, Yum, Lauren, Clifford, Robert, Kibuuka, Hannah, Ake, Julie, Thomas, Rasmi, Rowland-Jones, Sarah, Rek, John, Arinaitwe, Emmanuel, Kamya, Moses, Rodriguez-Barraquer, Isabel, Feeney, Margaret E, and Carrington, Mary

Subjects
Malaria, Biotechnology, Vector-Borne Diseases, Rare Diseases, Vaccine Related, Genetics, Immunization, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Binding Sites, Genetic Variation, Histocompatibility Antigens Class I, Humans, Malaria, Falciparum, Membrane Transport Proteins, MicroRNAs, Peptides, Plasmodium falciparum, RNA, Messenger, Transcription Factor AP-2, malaria, tapasin, HLA
Abstract

HLA class I (HLA-I) allotypes vary widely in their dependence on tapasin (TAPBP), an integral component of the peptide-loading complex, to present peptides on the cell surface. We identified two single-nucleotide polymorphisms that regulate TAPBP messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in Africans, rs111686073 (G/C) and rs59097151 (A/G), located in an AP-2α transcription factor binding site and a microRNA (miR)-4486 binding site, respectively. rs111686073G and rs59097151A induced significantly higher TAPBP mRNA expression relative to the alternative alleles due to higher affinity for AP-2α and abrogation of miR-4486 binding, respectively. These variants associated with lower Plasmodium falciparum parasite prevalence and lower incidence of clinical malaria specifically among individuals carrying tapasin-dependent HLA-I allotypes, presumably by augmenting peptide loading, whereas tapasin-independent allotypes associated with relative protection, regardless of imputed TAPBP mRNA expression levels. Thus, an attenuated course of malaria may occur through enhanced breadth and/or magnitude of antigen presentation, an important consideration when evaluating vaccine efficacy.

Published
2022

34. 'There Should Be More Outrage': Making Meaning of Racial Identity during Times of Increased Anti-Asian Hate

Author

Gudrun Nyunt, Jacqueline Mac, Zac Birch, Rita Veron, and Paige Scoma

Abstract

The purpose of this narrative inquiry was to examine how Asian American college students made sense of themselves as racialized beings during the COVID-19 pandemic, a period that saw a drastic increase in anti-Asian hate. We were particularly interested in how emotions that students experienced in response to racism shaped their meaning-making of racial identity. We embraced tensions of a constructivist approach and a grounding in Asian critical theory to gain a more nuanced picture of Asian American college students' meaning-making of racial identity while also problematizing and critiquing racism. Data collection consisted of three interviews with 14 participants from the Midwest and East Coast of the US. To engage the reader's imagination and tell a nuanced story, we present findings as a fictional conversation between four individuals using direct quotes from participants. Our findings highlight the importance of considering transnational context when examining Asian American college students' racial identity development. Our findings further showcase the role emotions played in fostering development and the agentic ways participants responded to these emotions while also underscoring the high price participants paid for the more complex understanding of their racial identity. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.

Published
2023
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35. Boundary singular solutions of a class of equations with mixed absorption-reaction

Author

Bidaut-Veron, Marie-Françoise, Garcia-Huidobro, Marta, and Veron, Laurent

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs
Abstract

We study properties of positive functions satisfying (E) --$\Delta$u + u p -- M |$\nabla$u| q = 0 is a domain $\Omega$ or in R N + when p > 1 and 1 < q < min{p, 2}. We concentrate our research on the solutions of (E) vanishing on the boundary except at one point. This analysis depends on the existence of separable solutions in R N +. We consruct various types of positive solutions with an isolated singularity on the boundary. We also study conditions for the removability of compact boundary sets and the Dirichlet problem associated to (E) with a measure for boundary data., Comment: 44 pages, 26 ref

Published
2020

36. Specific and off-target immune responses following COVID-19 vaccination with ChAdOx1-S and BNT162b2 vaccines—an exploratory sub-study of the BRACE trialResearch in context

Author

Nicole L. Messina, Susie Germano, Rebecca McElroy, Rhian Bonnici, Branka Grubor-Bauk, David J. Lynn, Ellie McDonald, Suellen Nicholson, Kirsten P. Perrett, Laure F. Pittet, Rajeev Rudraraju, Natalie E. Stevens, Kanta Subbarao, Nigel Curtis, Andrew Davidson, Kaya Gardiner, Amanda Gwee, Tenaya Jamieson, Nicole Messina, Thilanka Morawakage, Susan Perlen, Kirsten Perrett, Laure Pittet, Amber Sastry, Jia Wei Teo, Francesca Orsini, Katherine Lee, Cecilia Moore, Suzanna Vidmar, Rashida Ali, Ross Dunn, Peta Edler, Grace Gell, Casey Goodall, Richard Hall, Ann Krastev, Nathan La, Nick McPhate, Thao Nguyen, Jack Ren, Luke Stevens, Ahmed Alamrousi, Thanh Dang, Jenny Hua, Monica Razmovska, Scott Reddiex, Xiaofang Wang, Jeremy Anderson, Kristy Azzopardi, Vicki Bennett-Wood, Anna Czajko, Nadia Mazarakis, Conor McCafferty, Frances Oppedisano, Belinda Ortika, Casey Pell, Leena Spry, Ryan Toh, Sunitha Velagapudi, Amanda Vlahos, Ashleigh Wee-Hee, Pedro Ramos, Karina De La Cruz, Dinusha Gamage, Anushka Karunanayake, Isabella Mezzetti, Benjamin Ong, Ronita Singh, Enoshini Sooriyarachchi, Natalie Cain, Rianne Brizuela, Han Huang, Veronica Abruzzo, Morgan Bealing, Patricia Bimboese, Kirsty Bowes, Emma Burrell, Joyce Chan, Jac Cushnahan, Hannah Elborough, Olivia Elkington, Kieran Fahey, Monique Fernandez, Catherine Flynn, Sarah Fowler, Marie Gentile Andrit, Bojana Gladanac, Catherine Hammond, Norine Ma, Sam Macalister, Emmah Milojevic, Jesutofunmi Mojeed, Jill Nguyen, Liz O’Donnell, Nadia Olivier, Isabelle Ooi, Stephanie Reynolds, Lisa Shen, Barb Sherry, Judith Spotswood, Jamie Wedderburn, Angela Younes, Donna Legge, Jason Bell, Jo Cheah, Annie Cobbledick, Kee Lim, Sonja Elia, Lynne Addlem, Anna Bourke, Clare Brophy, Nadine Henare, Narelle Jenkins, Francesca Machingaifa, Skye Miller, Kirsten Mitchell, Sigrid Pitkin, Kate Wall, Paola Villanueva, Nigel Crawford, Wendy Norton, Niki Tan, Thilakavathi Chengodu, Diane Dawson, Victoria Gordon, Tony Korman, Jess O’Bryan, Sophie Agius, Samantha Bannister, Jess Bucholc, Alison Burns, Beatriz Camesella, John Carlin, Marianna Ciaverella, Maxwell Curtis, Stephanie Firth, Christina Guo, Matthew Hannan, Erin Hill, Sri Joshi, Katherine Lieschke, Megan Mathers, Sasha Odoi, Ashleigh Rak, Chris Richards, Leah Steve, Carolyn Stewart, Eva Sudbury, Helen Thomson, Emma Watts, Fiona Williams, Angela Young, Penny Glenn, Andrew Kaynes, Amandine Philippart De Floy, Sandy Buchanan, Thijs Sondag, Ivy Xie, Harriet Edmund, Bridie Byrne, Tom Keeble, Belle Ngien, Fran Noonan, Michelle Wearing-Smith, Alison Clarke, Pemma Davies, Oliver Eastwood, Alric Ellinghaus, Rachid Ghieh, Zahra Hilton, Emma Jennings, Athina Kakkos, Iris Liang, Katie Nicol, Sally O’Callaghan, Helen Osman, Gowri Rajaram, Sophia Ratcliffe, Victoria Rayner, Ashleigh Salmon, Angela Scheppokat, Aimee Stevens, Rebekah Street, Nicholas Toogood, Nicholas Wood, Twinkle Bahaduri, Therese Baulman, Jennifer Byrne, Candace Carter, Mary Corbett, Aiken Dao, Maria Desylva, Andrew Dunn, Evangeline Gardiner, Rosemary Joyce, Rama Kandasamy, Craig Munns, Lisa Pelayo, Ketaki Sharma, Katrina Sterling, Caitlin Uren, Clinton Colaco, Mark Douglas, Kate Hamilton, Adam Bartlett, Brendan McMullan, Pamela Palasanthiran, Phoebe Williams, Justin Beardsley, Nikki Bergant, Renier Lagunday, Kristen Overton, Jeffrey Post, Yasmeen Al-Hindawi, Sarah Barney, Anthony Byrne, Lee Mead, Marshall Plit, David Lynn, Saoirse Benson, Stephen Blake, Rochelle Botten, Tee Yee Chern, Georgina Eden, Liddy Griffith, Jane James, Miriam Lynn, Angela Markow, Domenic Sacca, Natalie Stevens, Steve Wesselingh, Catriona Doran, Simone Barry, Alice Sawka, Sue Evans, Louise Goodchild, Christine Heath, Meredith Krieg, Helen Marshall, Mark McMillan, Mary Walker, Peter Richmond, Nelly Amenyogbe, Christina Anthony, Annabelle Arnold, Beth Arrowsmith, Rym Ben-Othman, Sharon Clark, Jemma Dunnill, Nat Eiffler, Krist Ewe, Carolyn Finucane, Lorraine Flynn, Camille Gibson, Lucy Hartnell, Elysia Hollams, Heidi Hutton, Lance Jarvis, Jane Jones, Jan Jones, Karen Jones, Jennifer Kent, Tobias Kollmann, Debbie Lalich, Wenna Lee, Rachel Lim, Sonia McAlister, Fiona McDonald, Andrea Meehan, Asma Minhaj, Lisa Montgomery, Melissa O’Donnell, Jaslyn Ong, Joanne Ong, Kimberley Parkin, Glady Perez, Catherine Power, Shadie Rezazadeh, Holly Richmond, Sally Rogers, Nikki Schultz, Margaret Shave, Patrycja Skut, Lisa Stiglmayer, Alexandra Truelove, Ushma Wadia, Rachael Wallace, Justin Waring, Michelle England, Erin Latkovic, Laurens Manning, Susan Herrmann, Michaela Lucas, Marcus Lacerda, Paulo Henrique Andrade, Fabiane Bianca Barbosa, Dayanne Barros, Larissa Brasil, Ana Greyce Capella, Ramon Castro, Erlane Costa, Dilcimar de Souza, Maianne Dias, José Dias, Klenilson Ferreira, Paula Figueiredo, Thamires Freitas, Ana Carolina Furtado, Larissa Gama, Vanessa Godinho, Cintia Gouy, Daniele Hinojosa, Bruno Jardim, Tyane Jardim, Joel Junior, Augustto Lima, Bernardo Maia, Adriana Marins, Kelry Mazurega, Tercilene Medeiros, Rosangela Melo, Marinete Moraes, Elizandra Nascimento, Juliana Neves, Maria Gabriela Oliveira, Thais Oliveira, Ingrid Oliveira, Arthur Otsuka, Rayssa Paes, Handerson Pereira, Gabrielle Pereira, Christiane Prado, Evelyn Queiroz, Laleyska Rodrigues, Bebeto Rodrigues, Vanderson Sampaio, Anna Gabriela Santos, Daniel Santos, Tilza Santos, Evelyn Santos, Ariandra Sartim, Ana Beatriz Silva, Juliana Silva, Emanuelle Silva, Mariana Simão, Caroline Soares, Antonny Sousa, Alexandre Trindade, Fernando Val, Adria Vasconcelos, Heline Vasconcelos, Julio Croda, Carolinne Abreu, Katya Martinez Almeida, Camila Bitencourt de Andrade, Jhenyfer Thalyta Campos Angelo, Ghislaine Gonçalvez de Araújo Arcanjo, Bianca Maria Silva Menezes Arruda, Wellyngthon Espindola Ayala, Adelita Agripina Refosco Barbosa, Felipe Zampieri Vieira Batista, Fabiani de Morais Batista, Miriam de Jesus Costa, Mariana Garcia Croda, Lais Alves da Cruz, Roberta Carolina Pereira Diogo, Rodrigo Cezar Dutra Escobar, Iara Rodrigues Fernandes, Leticia Ramires Figueiredo, Leandro Galdino Cavalcanti Gonçalves, Sarita Lahdo, Joyce dos Santos Lencina, Guilherme Teodoro de Lima, Larissa Santos Matos, Bruna Tayara Leopoldina Meireles, Debora Quadros Moreira, Lilian Batista Silva Muranaka, Adriely de Oliveira, Karla Regina Warszawski de Oliveira, Matheus Vieira de Oliveira, Roberto Dias de Oliveira, Andrea Antonia Souza de Almeida dos Reis Pereira, Marco Puga, Caroliny Veron Ramos, Thaynara Haynara Souza da Rosa, Karla Lopes dos Santos, Claudinalva Ribeiro dos Santos, Dyenyffer Stéffany Leopoldina dos Santos, Karina Marques Santos, Paulo César Pereira da Silva, Paulo Victor Rocha da Silva, Débora dos Santos Silva, Patricia Vieira da Silva, Bruno Freitas da Rosa Soares, Mariana Gazzoni Sperotto, Mariana Mayumi Tadokoro, Daniel Tsuha, Hugo Miguel Ramos Vieira, Margareth Maria Pretti Dalcolmo, Cíntia Maria Lopes Alves da Paixão, Gabriela Corrêa E Castro, Simone Silva Collopy, Renato da Costa Silva, Samyra Almeida da Silveira, Alda Maria Da-Cruz, Alessandra Maria da Silva Passos de Carvalho, Rita de Cássia Batista, Maria Luciana Silva De Freitas, Aline Gerhardt de Oliveira Ferreira, Ana Paula Conceição de Souza, Paola Cerbino Doblas, Ayla Alcoforado da Silva dos Santos, Vanessa Cristine de Moraes dos Santos, Dayane Alves dos Santos Gomes, Anderson Lage Fortunato, Adriano Gomes-Silva, Monique Pinto Gonçalves, Paulo Leandro Garcia Meireless Junior, Estela Martins da Costa Carvalho, Fernando do Couto Motta, Ligia Maria Olivo de Mendonça, Girlene dos Santos Pandine, Rosa Maria Plácido Pereira, Ivan Ramos Maia, Jorge Luiz da Rocha, João Victor Paiva Romano, Glauce dos Santos, Erica Fernandes da Silva, Marilda Agudo Mendonça Teixeira de Siqueira, Ágatha Cristinne Prudêncio Soares, Marc Bonten, Sandra Franch Arroyo, Henny Ophorst-den Besten, Anna Boon, Karin M. Brakke, Axel Janssen, Marijke A.H. Koopmans, Toos Lemmens, Titia Leurink, Cristina Prat-Aymerich, Engelien Septer-Bijleveld, Kimberly Stadhouders, Darren Troeman, Marije van der Waal, Marjoleine van Opdorp, Nicolette van Sluis, Beatrijs Wolters, Jan Kluytmans, Jannie Romme, Wouter van den Bijllaardt, Linda van Mook, M.M.L (Miranda) van Rijen, Margreet Filius, Jet Gisolf, Frances Greven, Danique Huijbens, Robert Jan Hassing, Roos Pon, Lieke Preijers, Joke van Leusen, Harald Verheij, Wim Boersma, Evelien Brans, Paul Kloeg, Kitty Molenaar-Groot, Nhat Khanh Nguyen, Nienke Paternotte, Anke Rol, Lida Stooper, Helga Dijkstra, Esther Eggenhuizen, Lucas Huijs, Simone Moorlag, Mihai Netea, Eva Pranger, Esther Taks, Jaap ten Oever, Rob ter Heine, Kitty Blauwendraat, Bob Meek, Isil Erkaya, Houda Harbech, Nienke Roescher, Rifka Peeters, Menno te Riele, Carmen Zhou, Esther Calbo, Cristina Badia Marti, Emma Triviño Palomares, Tomás Perez Porcuna, Anabel Barriocanal, Ana Maria Barriocanal, Irma Casas, Jose Dominguez, Maria Esteve, Alicia Lacoma, Irene Latorre, Gemma Molina, Barbara Molina, Antoni Rosell, Sandra Vidal, Lydia Barrera, Natalia Bustos, Ines Portillo Calderón, David Gutierrez Campos, Jose Manuel Carretero, Angel Dominguez Castellano, Renato Compagnone, Encarnacion Ramirez de Arellano, Almudena de la Serna, Maria Dolores del Toro Lopez, Marie-Alix Clement Espindola, Ana Belen Martin Gutierrez, Alvaro Pascual Hernandez, Virginia Palomo Jiménez, Elisa Moreno, Nicolas Navarrete, Teresa Rodriguez Paño, Jesús Rodríguez-Baño, Enriqueta Tristán, Maria Jose Rios Villegas, Atsegiñe Canga Garces, Erika Castro Amo, Raquel Coya Guerrero, Josune Goikoetxea, Leticia Jorge, Cristina Perez, María Carmen Fariñas Álvarez, Manuel Gutierrez Cuadra, Francisco Arnaiz de las Revillas Almajano, Pilar Bohedo Garcia, Teresa Giménez Poderos, Claudia González Rico, Blanca Sanchez, Olga Valero, Noelia Vega, John Campbell, Anna Barnes, Helen Catterick, Tim Cranston, Phoebe Dawe, Emily Fletcher, Liam Fouracre, Alison Gifford, John Kirkwood, Christopher Martin, Amy McAnew, Marcus Mitchell, Georgina Newman, Abby O’Connell, Jakob Onysk, Lynne Quinn, Shelley Rhodes, Samuel Stone, Lorrie Symons, Harry Tripp, Adilia Warris, Darcy Watkins, Bethany Whale, Alex Harding, Gemma Lockhart, Kate Sidaway-Lee, Sam Hilton, Sarah Manton, Daniel Webber-Rookes, Rachel Winder, James Moore, Freya Bateman, Michael Gibbons, Bridget Knight, Julie Moss, Sarah Statton, Josephine Studham, Lydia Hall, Will Moyle, and Tamsin Venton

Subjects
Vaccine, Off-target, Immunoregulation, Cytokine, SARS-CoV-2, Heterologous immunity, Medicine, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Summary: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic led to the rapid development and deployment of several highly effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. Recent studies suggest that these vaccines may also have off-target effects on the immune system. We sought to determine and compare the off-target effects of the adenovirus vector ChAdOx1-S (Oxford-AstraZeneca) and modified mRNA BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccines on immune responses to unrelated pathogens. Methods: Prospective sub-study within the BRACE trial. Blood samples were collected from 284 healthcare workers before and 28 days after ChAdOx1-S or BNT162b2 vaccination. SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies were measured using ELISA, and whole blood cytokine responses to specific (SARS-CoV-2) and unrelated pathogen stimulation were measured by multiplex bead array. Findings: Both vaccines induced robust SARS-CoV-2 specific antibody and cytokine responses. ChAdOx1-S vaccination increased cytokine responses to heat-killed (HK) Candida albicans and HK Staphylococcus aureus and decreased cytokine responses to HK Escherichia coli and BCG. BNT162b2 vaccination decreased cytokine response to HK E. coli and had variable effects on cytokine responses to BCG and resiquimod (R848). After the second vaccine dose, BNT162b2 recipients had greater specific and off-target cytokine responses than ChAdOx1-S recipients. Interpretation: ChAdOx1-S and BNT162b2 vaccines alter cytokine responses to unrelated pathogens, indicative of potential off-target effects. The specific and off-target effects of these vaccines differ in their magnitude and breadth. The clinical relevance of these findings is uncertain and needs further study. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, National Health and Medical Research Council, Swiss National Science Foundation and the Melbourne Children’s. BRACE trial funding is detailed in acknowledgements.

Published
2024
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37. Treatment of AlSi12 feedstock with water to manufacture multi-material parts by laser powder bed fusion process: A potential route for the fabrication of inorganic 3D metamaterials

Author

F. Lanoue, F. Veron, I. Pasquet, K. Kiryukhina, V. Baco-Carles, O. Vendier, and Ph Tailhades

Subjects
Metamaterials, 3D multi-materials, Aluminum-alumina assemblies, Laser powder bed fusion, Aluminum-water reaction, Hydrogen generation, Mining engineering. Metallurgy, TN1-997
Abstract

A new L-PBF process is proposed to manufacture, from a single powder chemically activated by pure hot water, parts comprising in selected areas of space, a ceramic or a metal alloy. The chemical activation of the starting alloy powder, the melting and densification of the metallic zones as well as the oxidation of metal alloy powder and sintering of the ceramic zones, have been studied and optimized. The results obtained allowed the realization of multi-material functional structures. Thus, small coaxial conductors have been fabricated. Beyond these relatively simple parts, 2D and 3D periodic structures made of ceramics and metal have been successfully realized. The achievement of these periodic structures gives hope for the further development of 3D inorganic metamaterials for microwave applications.

Published
2023
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40. Elementary Intracellular Ca Signals are Initiated by a Transition of Release Channel System from a Metastable State

Author

Veron, Guillermo, Maltsev, Victor A., Stern, Michael D., and Maltsev, Anna V.

Subjects
Quantitative Biology - Subcellular Processes, Physics - Biological Physics, Quantitative Biology - Molecular Networks, 92C05, 92B25, 92-10, 92C30, 92C32, 92C42, 93A16, 93-10
Abstract

Cardiac muscle contraction is initiated by an elementary Ca signal (called Ca spark) which is achieved by collective action of Ca release channels in a cluster. The mechanism of this synchronization remains uncertain. This paper approaches Ca spark activation as an emergent phenomenon of an interactive system of release channels. We construct a Markov chain that applies an Ising model formalism to such release channel clusters and realistic open channel configurations to demonstrate that spark activation is described as a system transition from a metastable to an absorbing state, analogous to the pressure required to overcome surface tension in bubble formation. This yields quantitative estimates of the spark generation probability as a function of various system parameters. Our model of the release channel system yields similar results for the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca concentration threshold for spark activation as previous experimental results, providing a mechanistic explanation of the spark initiation. Additionally, we perform numerical simulations to find spark probabilities as a function of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca concentration obtaining similar values for spark activation threshold as our analytic model, as well as those reported in experimental studies., Comment: 12 pages main text, 4 figures, 13 pages Python code, 1 page table

Published
2021

41. A Hole in the Ladder: Interleaved Variables in Iterative Conditional Branching (Extended Version)

Author

Marquer, Yoann, Richmond, Tania, and Véron, Pascal

Subjects
Computer Science - Cryptography and Security
Abstract

The iterative conditional branchings appear in various sensitive algorithms, like the modular exponentiation in the RSA cryptosystem or the scalar multiplication in ellipticcurve cryptography. In this paper, we abstract away the desirable security properties achieved by the Montgomery ladder, and formalize systems of equations necessary to obtain what we call the semi-interleaved and fully-interleaved ladder properties. This fruitful approach allows us to design novel fault-injection attacks, able to obtain some/all bits of the secret against different ladders, including the common Montgomery ladder. We also demonstrate the generality of our approach by applying the ladder equations to the modular exponentiation and the scalar multiplication, both in the semi-and fully-interleaved cases, thus proposing novel and more secure algorithms.

Published
2021

42. Evaluate On-the-job Learning Dialogue Systems and a Case Study for Natural Language Understanding

Author

Veron, Mathilde, Rosset, Sophie, Galibert, Olivier, and Bernard, Guillaume

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language
Abstract

On-the-job learning consists in continuously learning while being used in production, in an open environment, meaning that the system has to deal on its own with situations and elements never seen before. The kind of systems that seem to be especially adapted to on-the-job learning are dialogue systems, since they can take advantage of their interactions with users to collect feedback to adapt and improve their components over time. Some dialogue systems performing on-the-job learning have been built and evaluated but no general methodology has yet been defined. Thus in this paper, we propose a first general methodology for evaluating on-the-job learning dialogue systems. We also describe a task-oriented dialogue system which improves on-the-job its natural language component through its user interactions. We finally evaluate our system with the described methodology., Comment: Accepted to NeurIPS 2020 Human in the Loop Dialogue Systems Workshop

Published
2021

43. Preoperative Versus Perioperative Risk Factors for Delayed Pain and Opioid Cessation After Total Joint Arthroplasty: A Prospective Cohort Study

Author

Jennifer M. Hah, Julien D. Veron Vialard, Bradley Efron, Sean C. Mackey, Ian R. Carroll, Derek F. Amanatullah, Balasubramanian Narasimhan, and Tina Hernandez-Boussard

Subjects
Chronic postoperative opioid use, Chronic postoperative pain, Persistent post-surgical pain, Persistent post-surgical opioid use, Total hip replacement, Total knee replacement, Anesthesiology, RD78.3-87.3
Abstract

Abstract Introduction The evolution of pre- versus postoperative risk factors remains unknown in the development of persistent postoperative pain and opioid use. We identified preoperative versus comprehensive perioperative models of delayed pain and opioid cessation after total joint arthroplasty including time-varying postoperative changes in emotional distress. We hypothesized that time-varying longitudinal measures of postoperative psychological distress, as well as pre- and postoperative use of opioids would be the most significant risk factors for both outcomes. Methods A prospective cohort of 188 patients undergoing total hip or knee arthroplasty at Stanford Hospital completed baseline pain, opioid use, and emotional distress assessments. After surgery, a modified Brief Pain Inventory was assessed daily for 3 months, weekly thereafter up to 6 months, and monthly thereafter up to 1 year. Emotional distress and pain catastrophizing were assessed weekly to 6 months, then monthly thereafter. Stepwise multivariate time-varying Cox regression modeled preoperative variables alone, followed by all perioperative variables (before and after surgery) with time to postoperative opioid and pain cessation. Results The median time to opioid and pain cessation was 54 and 152 days, respectively. Preoperative total daily oral morphine equivalent use (hazard ratio-HR 0.97; 95% confidence interval-CI 0.96–0.98) was significantly associated with delayed postoperative opioid cessation in the perioperative model. In contrast, time-varying postoperative factors: elevated PROMIS (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System) depression scores (HR 0.92; 95% CI 0.87–0.98), and higher Pain Catastrophizing Scale scores (HR 0.85; 95% CI 0.75–0.97) were independently associated with delayed postoperative pain resolution in the perioperative model. Conclusions These findings highlight preoperative opioid use as a key determinant of delayed postoperative opioid cessation, while postoperative elevations in depressive symptoms and pain catastrophizing are associated with persistent pain after total joint arthroplasty providing the rationale for continued risk stratification before and after surgery to identify patients at highest risk for these distinct outcomes. Interventions targeting these perioperative risk factors may prevent prolonged postoperative pain and opioid use.

Published
2023
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44. Pengaruh Latihan Menggiring Bola Zig-Zag Terhadap Hasil Kelincahan Menggiring Bola

Author

Juan Sugesti Veron, Meirizal Usra, and Ahmad Richard Victorian

Subjects
sepakbola, latihan zig-zag, menggiring bola, Sports, GV557-1198.995
Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh latihan menggiring bola zigzag terhadap kelincahan dribbling pada atlet SSB Ogan Ilir 32. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen semu. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah one group pretest-posttest design. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik total population sampling dengan jumlah sampel 30 orang. Instrumen penelitian adalah seluruh sampel melakukan tes kelincahan dribbling sepak bola. Hasil pengolahan dan analisis data dengan menggunakan paired sample test, bahwa latihan menggiring bola zigzag berpengaruh terhadap hasil kelincahan dribbling sepak bola. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari hasil analisis data melalui perhitungan rumus uji t dengan kriteria thitung lebih besar dari ttable (14,28˃1,70) dengan taraf kepercayaan (α = 0.05) dan jumlah sampel (N = 30), Hipotesis yang diajukan diterima. Latihan menggiring bola zigzag benar-benar memberikan pengaruh terhadap hasil kelincahan dribbing sepak bola. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa latihan menggiring bola zigzag memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap hasil kelincahan dribbling sepak bola pada atlet SSB Ogan Ilir 32.

Published
2023
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45. Characters and Space in the novel 'Twilight of the Eastern Gods' by Ismail Kadare

Author

Veron Dobroshi

Subjects
albanian, characters, novel, space, description, romanian, Philosophy (General), B1-5802, Language and Literature
Abstract

Space and description are important elements in, the literary work, which are closely related to the literary characters and their actions within the events. In the novel "Twilight of the eastern Gods" by Ismail Kadare, several interesting points of space and description are encountered. Many characters appear in this novel, which are also real names because they are directly related to the personal experience of the author and a period of his life. The study will highlight the characteristics of these characters and their relationship with the narrator of this novel and their function within the narrative. The characters are located within a space, therefore they are closely connected because it is the space where they act. The spaces in this novel are both external and internal. The study also includes another dimension, that of the translation of Kadare's work in Romania, as well as the cultural-literary ties between Albania and Romania.

Published
2023

46. Radial solutions of scaling invariant nonlinear elliptic equations with mixed reaction terms

Author

Bidaut-Véron, Marie-Françoise, Garcia-Huidobro, Marta, and Veron, Laurent

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs
Abstract

We study global properties of positive radial solutions of --$\Delta$u = up +M |$\nabla$u|p+1 in RN wherep > 1 and M is a real number. We prove the existence or the non-existence of ground states and of solutions with singularity at 0 according to the values of M and p.

Published
2018

47. Crystallization Mechanism Tuned Phase-Change Materials: Quantum Effect on Te-Terminated Boundary

Author

Song, Wen-Xiong, Tang, Qiongyan, Zhao, Jin, Veron, Muriel, Zhou, Xilin, Zheng, Yonghui, Cai, Daolin, Cheng, Yan, Xin, Tianjiao, Liu, Zhi-Pan, and Song, Zhitang

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

While phase-change materials (PCMs) composed of chalcogenide have different crystallization mechanisms (CM), such as nucleation-dominated Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) and growth-dominated GeTe (GT), revealing the essential reason of CM as well as the tuned properties is still a long-standing issue. Here, we remarkably find the distinct stability of Te-terminated (111) boundaries (TTB) in different systems, which provides a path to understand the difference in CM. It stems from the quantum effect of molecular orbital theory: the optimal local chemical composition results in the formation of TTB without dangling bonds (DB) in GST but with DB in GT, where DB destabilizes boundary due to its distorted local environment mismatching Oh symmetry of p orbitals. Moreover, the inner vacancy concentration in GST is alterable and controlled by TTB, manifested by the absence of cubic-to-hexagonal transition in carbon-doped GST of small grains and minimized inner vacancy. Finally, the charge transport property (CTP) is controlled by boundary via changing the density of charge or hole nearby as well as vacancy. These findings open the door to tune CTP by CM, which is necessary for achieving low-power and ultrafast devices., Comment: 16 pages, 8 figures

Published
2020

48. Bounds for eigenvalues of the Dirichlet problem for the logarithmic Laplacian

Author

Chen, Huyuan and Veron, Laurent

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs
Abstract

We provide bounds for the sequence of eigenvalues $\{\lambda_i(\Omega)\}_i$ of the Dirichlet problem $$ L_\Delta u=\lambda u\ \ {\rm in}\ \, \Omega,\quad\quad u=0\ \ {\rm in}\ \ \mathbb{R}^N\setminus \Omega,$$ where $L_\Delta$ is the logarithmic Laplacian operator with Fourier transform symbol $2\ln |\zeta|$. The logarithmic Laplacian operator is not positively definitive if the volume of the domain is large enough. In this article, we obtain the upper and lower bounds for the sum of the first $k$ eigenvalues by extending the Li-Yau method and Kr\"oger's method respectively. Moreover, we show the limit of the sum of the first $k$ eigenvalues, which is independent of the volume of the domain. Finally, we discuss the lower and upper bounds of the $k$-th principle eigenvalue, the asymptotic behavior of the limit of eigenvalues., Comment: 17 pages

Published
2020

49. Liouville results and asymptotics of solutions of a quasilinear elliptic equation with supercritical source gradient term

Author

Bidaut-Veron, Marie-Françoise

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs
Abstract

We consider the elliptic quasilinear equation --$\Delta$ m u = u p |$\nabla$u| q in R N with q $\ge$ m and p > 0, 1 < m < N. Our main result is a Liouville-type property, namely, all the positive C 1 solutions in R N are constant. We also give their asymptotic behaviour : all the solutions in an exterior domain R N \B r0 are bounded. The solutions in B r0 \ {0} can be extended as a continuous functions in B r0. The solutions in R N \ {0} has a finite limit l $\ge$ 0 as |x| $\rightarrow$ $\infty$. Our main argument is a Bernstein estimate of the gradient of a power of the solution, combined with a precise Osserman's type estimate for the equation satisfied by the gradient.

Published
2020

50. Nonlinear boundary value problems relative to one dimensional heat equation

Author

Veron, Laurent

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs
Abstract

We consider the problem of existence of a solution $u$ to $\partial_t u-\partial_{xx} u = 0$ in $(0,T)\times\mathbb{R}_+$ subject to the boundary condition $-u_x(t,0)+g(u(t,0))=\mu$ on $(0,T)$ where $\mu$ is a measure on $(0,T)$ and $g$ a continuous nondecreasing function. When $p>1$ we study the set of self-similar solutions of $\partial_t u-\partial_{xx} u = 0$ in $\mathbb{R}_+\times\mathbb{R}_+$ such that $-u_x(t,0)+u^p=0$ on $(0,\infty)$. At end, we present various extensions to a higher dimensional framework., Comment: 22 pages, 16 ref. Rendiconti dell'Istituto di Matematica dell'Universit{\`a} di Trieste: an International Journal of Mathematics, Universit{\`a} di Trieste, In press

Published
2020

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