12 results on '"Vernon E. Ansdell"'
Search Results
2. Sequelae of World War II: An Outbreak of Chronic Cutaneous Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infection among Satowanese Islanders
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Eric L. Simpson, Samuel Bremmer, David Ansdell, Andrew Blauvelt, Kino Ruben, Vernon E. Ansdell, Clifton R. White, Gloria Tumbaga, Kevin L. Winthrop, Joseph V. Lillis, and Stephen E. Kurtz
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Adult ,Male ,Microbiology (medical) ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Population ,Disease ,Disease Outbreaks ,law.invention ,First world war ,Young Adult ,law ,Humans ,Medicine ,Child ,education ,Mycobacterium marinum ,Polymerase chain reaction ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,Mycobacterium Infections ,education.field_of_study ,High prevalence ,biology ,business.industry ,Outbreak ,Agriculture ,Environmental Exposure ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,Skin Diseases, Bacterial ,Odds ratio ,Middle Aged ,biology.organism_classification ,Dermatology ,Infectious Diseases ,Immunology ,Female ,business ,Micronesia - Abstract
Background. After World War II, residents of Satowan (population, 650 persons), an outer island in the state of Chuuk, Federated States of Micronesia, noted a high prevalence of a chronic, progressive skin disease known locally as "spam." Methods. Island residents who had chronic, progressive verrucous or keloidal plaques for >3 months were considered case patients. Tissue specimens were obtained for culture, histopathological analysis, mycobacterial polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and comparison with the hsp65 gene of Mycobacterium marinum. We performed ? a case-control study involving all cases and randomly selected control individuals from the community. Results. A total of 39 case patients were identified, with a median age of 26.0 years (range, 8-82 years); 74.4% were male, and the mean duration of disease was 12.5 years. A total of 98 control individuals were enrolled. Results of all 19 mycobacterial tissue cultures were negative, and histopathological analysis of all 9 lesions showed suppurative granulomatous inflammation with negative results of mycobacterial and fungal stains. In 7 of 9 paraffin-embedded samples, nontuberculous mycobacterial DNA was detected by PCR, and 2 sequenced products had 95% and 87% identity to M. marinum. All case patients were taro farmers (odds ratio, undefined; P
- Published
- 2009
3. Short communication: Comparison of serology and isolates for the identification of infecting leptospiral serogroups in Hawaii, 1979-1998
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Paul V. Effler, Alan R. Katz, and Vernon E. Ansdell
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Serotype ,Zoonosis ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Biology ,medicine.disease ,Virology ,Leptospirosis ,Microbiology ,Serology ,Infectious Diseases ,Direct agglutination test ,medicine ,Enzootic ,Parasitology ,Antigen testing - Abstract
Summary Laboratory confirmation of leptospirosis is usually accomplished serologically, without isolates, using the microscopic agglutination test (MAT). However, optimal performance of the MAT is dependent on the knowledge of enzootic serogroups and serovars so that an appropriate MAT antigen testing battery can be established. Infecting leptospiral serogroups can be identified serologically without isolates, using the MAT, or by serogrouping of isolates, but little information is available regarding the correlation between these methods. The identification of infecting serogroups for 53 culture-confirmed leptospirosis cases, diagnosed in Hawaii between 1979 and 1998, using serology and culture isolates were compared. The overall agreement between the two methods was good (κ = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.56, 0.86). However, the agreement varied between serogroups from 0 to 100%. In establishing the prevalence of serogroups, results obtained via MAT serology (in the absence of serogrouped isolates) should be considered presumptive rather than definitive.
- Published
- 2003
4. Advanced Age a Risk Factor for Illness Temporally Associated with Yellow Fever Vaccination
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Gina T. Mootrey, Elaine Jong, Alejandra Gurtman, Theodore F. Tsai, Michael Martin, Jeff Altman, Manette T. Niu, Martin S. Wolfe, Elizabeth D. Barnett, David O. Freedman, Phyllis E. Kozarsky, Mary E. Wilson, Jan E. Patterson, Michele Barry, Martin S. Cetron, Bradley A. Connor, Leisa H. Weld, Robert T. Chen, Bradley R. Sack, Vernon E. Ansdell, and Russell McMullen
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Microbiology (medical) ,Adult ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Aging ,Adolescent ,Epidemiology ,Yellow fever vaccine ,Data signal ,lcsh:Medicine ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,Risk Factors ,Yellow fever vaccination ,Yellow Fever ,medicine ,Humans ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,Risk factor ,Adverse effect ,Child ,Aged ,business.industry ,Yellow fever ,Yellow Fever Vaccine ,lcsh:R ,Infant ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,vaccination ,Disease control ,United States ,Vaccination ,Infectious Diseases ,Child, Preschool ,business ,medicine.drug ,Research Article - Abstract
In 1998, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention was notified of severe illnesses and one death, temporally associated with yellow fever (YF) vaccination, in two elderly U.S. residents. Because the cases were unusual and adverse events following YF vaccination had not been studied, we estimated age-related reporting rates for systemic illness following YF vaccination. We found that the rate of reported adverse events among elderly vaccinees was higher than among vaccinees 25 to 44 years of age. We also found two additional deaths among elderly YF vaccinees. These data signal a potential problem but are not sufficient to reliably estimate incidence rates or to understand potential underlying mechanisms; therefore, enhanced surveillance is needed. YF remains an important cause of severe illness and death, and travel to disease-endemic regions is increasing. For elderly travelers, the risk for severe illness and death due to YF infection should be balanced against the risk for systemic illness due to YF vaccine.
- Published
- 2001
5. Assessment of the Clinical Presentation and Treatment of 353 Cases of Laboratory‐Confirmed Leptospirosis in Hawaii, 1974–1998
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Alan R. Katz, Paul V. Effler, Vernon E. Ansdell, Charles R. Middleton, and David M. Sasaki
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Adult ,Male ,Microbiology (medical) ,myalgia ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pediatrics ,Adolescent ,Conjunctival suffusion ,Disease ,Hawaii ,Leptospira ,medicine ,Humans ,Leptospirosis ,Child ,Aged ,Antibacterial agent ,biology ,business.industry ,Infant ,Middle Aged ,Jaundice ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Surgery ,Treatment Outcome ,Infectious Diseases ,Child, Preschool ,Female ,Differential diagnosis ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Leptospirosis is frequently misdiagnosed as a result of its protean and nonspecific presentation. Leptospirosis, a zoonosis with global distribution, commonly occurs in tropical and subtropical regions; most reported cases in the United States occur in Hawaii. All laboratory-confirmed leptospirosis cases in the State of Hawaii from 1974 through 1998 (n=353) were clinically evaluated. The most common presentation involved nonspecific signs or symptoms, including fever, myalgia, and headache. Jaundice occurred in 39% of cases; conjunctival suffusion was described in 28% of these cases. Initiation of antibiotics before the seventh day of symptoms was associated with a significantly shortened duration of illness. Because early recognition and initiation of antibiotic therapy are important, clinicians should familiarize themselves with the clinical presentation of leptospirosis, and when evaluating a patient with a febrile illness, they should obtain exposure and travel histories and entertain the possibility of leptospirosis in the differential diagnosis.
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- 2001
6. Prevalence of Hepatitis A Antibody in Travelers from Hawaii
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Vernon E. Ansdell and Frank Abou-Sayf
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Hepatitis ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,biology ,business.industry ,Immune serum globulin ,Hepatitis A vaccine ,Hepatitis A ,Developing country ,General Medicine ,Jaundice ,medicine.disease ,Hepatitis A antibody ,Immunology ,biology.protein ,medicine ,Antibody ,medicine.symptom ,business ,human activities - Abstract
Background: Hepatitis A is the most frequent vaccine-preventable infection in travelers to developing countries. Hepatitis A vaccine and immune serum globulin (IG) offer safe, effective protection against hepatitis A. Some travelers are already immune, however, and it is useful to try to identify subgroups with an anticipated high prevalence of antibody to hepatitis A (anti-HAV). Screening for antibody in these groups would often be a cost-effective alternative to routine use of hepatitis A vaccine or IG prior to travel. Methods: Prospective travelers to developing countries from Hawaii (n = 476) were tested for anti-HAV. Total antibody was measured by an enzyme immunoassay. Age, sex, birthplace, previous travel experience, and past history of hepatitis or jaundice were recorded for each traveler. Results: Overall prevalence of anti-HAV was 35.3%. Antibody prevalence increased progressively with age and varied significantly with birthplace and travel experience. Antibody prevalence was particularly high in travelers with a history of hepatitis or jaundice. Conclusions: Screening for preexisting immunity to hepatitis A is often worthwhile in extended stay or repeat travelers. This study suggests that screening may also be a cost-effective alternative to routine use of hepatitis A vaccine or IG in those travelers (i) born in the United States (including Hawaii) before 1930; (ii) born in Europe, Australasia, or Japan before 1950, (iii) born in developing countries; (iv) with increased travel experience; and (v) with a history of hepatitis or jaundice.
- Published
- 1996
7. Global TravEpiNet: a national consortium of clinics providing care to international travelers--analysis of demographic characteristics, travel destinations, and pretravel healthcare of high-risk US international travelers, 2009-2011
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Emad Yanni, Bradley A. Connor, Regina C. LaRocque, Jennifer J. Lee, Salvador Alvarez, Susan McLellan, William M. Stauffer, Jessica Rosen, Roberta Dismukes, Johnnie Yates, Carlos Franco-Paredes, Edward T. Ryan, Gary W. Brunette, Sowmya R. Rao, Brian S. Schwartz, Patricia F. Walker, Devon C. Hale, Theresa A. Sofarelli, Frederique Jacquerioz, Stefan H.F. Hagmann, Nina Marano, Mark J. Sotir, Phyllis E. Kozarsky, Emily S. Jentes, John D. Cahill, Alawode Oladele, Jeffery A. Goad, Mark Knouse, Vernon E. Ansdell, David A. Schoenfeld, Noreen A. Hynes, and Joseph M. Vinetz
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Microbiology (medical) ,Adult ,Male ,Veterinary medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Population ,Psychological intervention ,Destinations ,Communicable Diseases ,Risk Assessment ,Typhoid fever ,Young Adult ,Environmental health ,Health care ,Medicine ,Travel medicine ,Humans ,education ,Child ,Aged ,Demography ,Aged, 80 and over ,Public Health Informatics ,education.field_of_study ,Travel ,business.industry ,Hepatitis A ,Infant ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,United States ,Infectious Diseases ,Child, Preschool ,Communicable Disease Control ,Female ,business ,Risk assessment ,human activities ,Public Health Administration ,Travel Medicine - Abstract
Background International travel poses a risk of destination-specific illness and may contribute to the global spread of infectious diseases. Despite this, little is known about the health characteristics and pretravel healthcare of US international travelers, particularly those at higher risk of travel-associated illness. Methods We formed a national consortium (Global TravEpiNet) of 18 US clinics registered to administer yellow fever vaccination. We collected data regarding demographic and health characteristics, destinations, purpose of travel, and pretravel healthcare from 13235 international travelers who sought pretravel consultation at these sites from January 2009 through January 2011. Results The destinations and itineraries of Global TravEpiNet travelers differed from those of the overall population of US international travelers. The majority of Global TravEpiNet travelers were visiting low- or lower-middle-income countries, and Africa was the most frequently visited region. Seventy-five percent of travelers were visiting malaria-endemic countries, and 38% were visiting countries endemic for yellow fever. Fifty-nine percent of travelers reported ≥1 medical condition. Atovaquone/proguanil was the most commonly prescribed antimalarial drug, and most travelers received an antibiotic for self-treatment of travelers' diarrhea. Hepatitis A and typhoid were the most frequently administered vaccines. Conclusions Data from Global TravEpiNet provide insight into the characteristics and pretravel healthcare of US international travelers who are at increased risk of travel-associated illness due to itinerary, purpose of travel, or existing medical conditions. Improved understanding of this epidemiologically significant population may help target risk-reduction strategies and interventions to limit the spread of infections related to global travel.
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- 2011
8. Leptospirosis
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Vernon E. Ansdell
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business.industry ,Medicine ,business ,medicine.disease ,Virology ,Leptospirosis - Published
- 2008
9. Contributors
- Author
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Susan Anderson, Vernon E. Ansdell, Elizabeth A. Ashley, Howard D. Backer, Jared Baeten, Amy J. Behrman, Thomas N. Bettes, Stephen A. Bezruchka, Rachel A. Bishop, Andrea K. Boggild, Elizabeth L. Brown, Connie Celum, Martin S. Cetron, Carey Farquhar, Stephanie Gelman, Brian D. Gushulak, DeVon Hale, N. Jean Haulman, Thomas R. Hawn, Elaine C. Jong, M. Patricia Joyce, Kevin C. Kain, Sidney N. Klaus, James A. Litch, W. Conrad Liles, Fiona Lovegrove, Sheila M. Mackell, Douglas W. MacPherson, Jeanne M. Marrazzo, Jonathan D. Mayer, Susan L.F. McLellan, Russell McMullen, Rose McQueen, Anne C. Moore, Charles M. Nolan, Thomas B. Nutman, Jon E. Rosenblatt, Christopher Sanford, null Eli Schwartz, Suzanne M. Shepherd, William H. Shoff, David Spach, Alan M. Spira, Mari C. Sullivan, Abinash Virk, Wesley C. Van Voorhis, Richard D. Weller, Nicholas J. White, and Martin S. Wolfe
- Published
- 2008
10. Comparison of serology and isolates for the identification of infecting leptospiral serogroups in Hawaii, 1979-1998
- Author
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Alan R, Katz, Paul V, Effler, and Vernon E, Ansdell
- Subjects
Leptospira ,Agglutination Tests ,Humans ,Reproducibility of Results ,Leptospirosis ,Serotyping - Abstract
Laboratory confirmation of leptospirosis is usually accomplished serologically, without isolates, using the microscopic agglutination test (MAT). However, optimal performance of the MAT is dependent on the knowledge of enzootic serogroups and serovars so that an appropriate MAT antigen testing battery can be established. Infecting leptospiral serogroups can be identified serologically without isolates, using the MAT, or by serogrouping of isolates, but little information is available regarding the correlation between these methods. The identification of infecting serogroups for 53 culture-confirmed leptospirosis cases, diagnosed in Hawaii between 1979 and 1998, using serology and culture isolates were compared. The overall agreement between the two methods was good (kappa = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.56, 0.86). However, the agreement varied between serogroups from 0 to 100%. In establishing the prevalence of serogroups, results obtained via MAT serology (in the absence of serogrouped isolates) should be considered presumptive rather than definitive.
- Published
- 2003
11. Leptospirosis in Hawaii, 1974-1998: epidemiologic analysis of 353 laboratory-confirmed cases
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Charles R. Middleton, David M. Sasaki, Alan R. Katz, Vernon E. Ansdell, and Paul V. Effler
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Disease reservoir ,Hawaii ,Disease Outbreaks ,Leptospira ,Virology ,Environmental health ,Occupational Exposure ,Epidemiology ,Medicine ,Humans ,Leptospirosis ,Child ,Aged ,Disease Reservoirs ,Retrospective Studies ,Case detection ,biology ,business.industry ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Incidence ,Zoonosis ,Age Factors ,Infant ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Infectious Diseases ,Logistic Models ,Child, Preschool ,Multivariate Analysis ,Parasitology ,Female ,Rural area ,business - Abstract
The epidemiologic characterization of leptospirosis in the United States has been limited by difficulties associated with both case detection and confirmation. In addition, leptospirosis was eliminated from the list of National Notifiable Diseases in 1995. From 1974 until the cessation of national surveillance, Hawaii consistently had the highest reported annual incidence rate in the United States. From 1974 through 1998, 752 leptospirosis cases were reported in the State of Hawaii. Of these, 353 had exposures within the state and were laboratory confirmed. The mean annual incidence rate was 1.29 per 100,000. Cases were predominately male. Rates were highest in rural areas. Occupational exposures diminished over time while recreational exposures increased. This series represents the first large U.S. leptospirosis surveillance report since 1979. With leptospirosis recently being identified as a re-emerging zoonosis, continued national surveillance and case reporting should be reconsidered.
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- 2002
12. Demographics, medical conditions, and use of immunizations and chemoprophylaxis among international travelers within the Global TravEpiNet U.S. National Clinic Network
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Jennifer J. Lee, Carlos Franco-Paredes, David A. Schoenfeld, Brian S. Schwartz, Sowmya R. Rao, Cinzia Marano, Gary W. Brunette, Nina Marano, Phyllis E. Kozarsky, J. Goad, Edward T. Ryan, Stefan H.F. Hagmann, Joseph M. Vinetz, Emad Yanni, Regina C. LaRocque, Mark Knouse, Vernon E. Ansdell, John D. Cahill, Salvador Alvarez, R. Hoffman, and Nancy Gallagher
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Microbiology (medical) ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Infectious Diseases ,Demographics ,business.industry ,Family medicine ,Chemoprophylaxis ,Medicine ,General Medicine ,business - Published
- 2010
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