Search

Adolescent girls and young women of childbearing age are the main populations affected by endocrinopathy known as polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). It is especially important to take into account whether clinical and biochemical signs of hyperandrogenism are present in female patients. In maintaining metabolic homeostasis, leptin is crucial. According to research, vitamin D deficiency may play a role in the pathophysiology of PCOS by contributing to insulin resistance, inflammation, dyslipidaemia, and obesity, which are all conditions linked to the syndrome. In this study, leptin and vitamin D3 levels will be measured in order to determine how each relates to the aetiology of PCOS. Materials and Methods: Hundred young women were allocated into two groups, 50 women with PCOS (diagnosed on the basis of revised Rotterdam criteria for PCOS), taken as a study group, and 50 healthy women with no PCOS as control group. Blood samples were collected and tested for hormonal parameters. Results: Between the two groups, there were no appreciable variations in demographic traits. Study groups were found to have considerably higher serum leptin levels than control groups. The study group's vitamin D3 levels were found to be lower than those of the control group. Conclusion: Patients with PCOS are a special population with distinctive hormonal profiles that differ from typical profiles in healthy populations. Comparing PCOS to healthy individuals, leptin levels were higher while vitamin D3 levels were lower. It is necessary to conduct more extensive research on the involvement of leptin and vitamin D3 in the aetiology of PCOS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The correlation of the levels of acute phase reactants ceruloplasmin, C-reactive protein (CRP) and adiponectin with fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) were assessed in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Material and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Biochemistry, Pathology and Medicine at School of Medical Sciences and Research, Greater Noida. 100 cases of Type II Diabetes mellitus patients with age sex matched controls were included in the study. Blood samples were collected in plain vacutainer for adiponectin, ceruloplasmin, CRP; sodium fluoride vacutainer for plasma blood glucose and EDTA sample for HbA1C. The results thus obtained were analysed statistically by SPSS software version 22.0.Results: High serum ceruloplasmin and CRP levels were seen in Type 2 diabetic patients. The levels were directly proportional to blood plasma glucose levels and HbA1C. The adiponectin levels are inversely proportional to plasma glucose level and HbA1C in the same group. Conclusion: There was a significant positive correlation between CRP, ceruloplasmin levels with FBG and HbA1c, while there was inverse correlation of adiponectin with FBG and HbA1c. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is preliminary state of thyroid disorder, in which the circulating levels of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) are slightly above the normal range (4.6- 10 mIU/lit), whereas thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) are still within the normal limits. Vitamin B12 deficiency is reported in patients of hypothyroidism but with varied prevalence. Thus routine screening, and early detection of Vitamin B12 can be helpful to prevent the further progression of Subclinical to Overt hypothyroidism. The present study aim to detect the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency in cases of Subclinical hypothyroidism. Methods: 100 patients of subclinical hypothyroidism (26 males and 74 females) and equal number of age and sex matched controls were included in the study. The serum levels of TSH, T3 and T4 were estimated through chemiluminescence by fully automated analyzer (Vitros 5600) to identify cases of SCH. The serum levels of Vitamin B12 was estimated through ELISA technique in the described groups. The collected data were analyzed statistically using Unpaired student t-test and were compared by using Pearson correlation coefficient. Result: In SCH patients, both T3 and T4 levels were within normal range, whereas TSH levels were in the range of 4.9- 11.2 mIU/lit. Significantly low levels of serum Vitamin B12 were found in cases of subclinical hypothyroidism (p-value<0.0001). These levels showed a highly significant negative correlation (r= -0.2536; p-value =0.01109) with serum TSH levels. Conclusion: Based on the results of our study we conclude that there is a higher prevalence of Vitamin B12 deficiency in SCH patients, hence we hypothesize that by routine laboratory testing, early detection of vitamin B12 deficiency and appropriate therapeutic measures can be helpful. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The present case-control study was designed to determine the association of GDF5 gene Polymorphism with risk of occurrence of Osteoarthritis especially knee osteoarthritis and to find any significant association of the polymorphism with the severity of the disease. Material and Methods: 200 samples were collected out of which 100 were confirmed cases of Knee osteoarthritis and 100 were healthy controls which conducted at VMMC and Safdarjung Hospital New Delhi. Results: On evaluation it was found that there was a significant difference in genotypic distribution between the case and control groups (χ²= 5.016, p=0.04). The wild type C allele was higher in control group than cases which is statistically significant (OR= 1.679, CI (95%)= 1.114-2.530, p= 0.006). Other genetic comparison also revealed significant results, there by resulting in a conclusion that GDF gene polymorphism increases the risk of occurrence of Knee osteoarthritis. But on comparison between various sub groups of cases based on KL grade, none of the association was statistically significant showing that the grading score has no association (p>0.05) with GDF5 polymorphism (rs143833). Conclusion: Our results revealed a positive association between the GDF5 polymorphism (rs143383) and Knee OA where TT genotype has an increased risk of occurrence of OA in North Indian population, whereas no significant difference could be concluded between genotype and severity of the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]