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The acquisition of deictic verbs is a significant milestone in language development. This complex process requires an understanding of the interplay between the personal pronouns "I/you" and deictic verbs. Although demonstrating the cognitive processes associated with deictic shifting through data is valuable, research issues regarding data accuracy and the spatial arrangement of the self and other remain unresolved. This pilot study aimed to quantitatively measure the body movements of Japanese-speaking children during their utterances of "come/go". Twelve typically developing children aged 6–7 participated in this study. Multiple scenarios were set up where the researcher presented phrases using "come/go" with deictic gestures, such as moving one's upper body forward or backward, and the participant replied with "come/go". When performing a role, the researcher sat face-to-face or side-by-side with the participant, depending on the type of question–response. It is possible that there is a learning process whereby verbal responses using "come/go" align with corresponding body movements in the specific question type. This process is deeply involved in the development of perspective-taking abilities. Future research with relatively large samples and cross-cultural comparisons is warranted to deepen the understanding of this linguistic acquisition process and its implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to introduce one of the characteristics of the oral tradition in the Persian epic based on the achievements of the theory of oral expression. Therefore, it focused on battle tools and extracted their types and frequency. It selected Haft Lashkar scroll and the Shahnameh narration scroll as examples of oral epics, and Shahnameh and Shahryarnameh as examples of poetic epics, and in the process of this research, it also explored the prominence and fame of epic battle tools due to their attribution to kings and warriors, country/city, totemic animals, as well as exaggeration of weight and power. The poets of the epic writers/narrators have these special martial tools in the form and construction of "form statements" in the treasure of their minds and have naturally and unconsciously introduced them in the stage of composing the epic. The most important achievement of this research, in addition to the introduction of battle tools as "epic template statements", is that the difference in the frequency and variety of battle tools between the texts of epic verses and the scrolls of narrative, as well as the use of battle tools in texts before and at the same time as the Shahnameh, such as Yadgar Zariran, Rudaki's poems, Farrokhi Sistani, etc., shows that first of all, "epic battle tools style statements" are a legacy of the oral tradition of Persian epics, and the poets of epics/narrators, even Ferdowsi, have no role in inventing them. Moreover, the narrative scrolls were not only influenced by the poetic epic texts, but oral narratives also played a role in their formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The acquisition of deictic verbs is a significant milestone in language development. This complex process requires an understanding of the interplay between the personal pronouns “I/you” and deictic verbs. Although demonstrating the cognitive processes associated with deictic shifting through data is valuable, research issues regarding data accuracy and the spatial arrangement of the self and other remain unresolved. This pilot study aimed to quantitatively measure the body movements of Japanese-speaking children during their utterances of “come/go”. Twelve typically developing children aged 6–7 participated in this study. Multiple scenarios were set up where the researcher presented phrases using “come/go” with deictic gestures, such as moving one’s upper body forward or backward, and the participant replied with “come/go”. When performing a role, the researcher sat face-to-face or side-by-side with the participant, depending on the type of question–response. It is possible that there is a learning process whereby verbal responses using “come/go” align with corresponding body movements in the specific question type. This process is deeply involved in the development of perspective-taking abilities. Future research with relatively large samples and cross-cultural comparisons is warranted to deepen the understanding of this linguistic acquisition process and its implications.

The article aims to identify the types of transgression in courtroom discourse. The study was carried out using discourse analysis as the main method. According to the mode of expression, the explicit type of transgression and the implicit type were determined. Forms of verbal expression of transgression are words and phrases with negative emotional coloring, and the use of contextual and conceptual antonyms. In cases of implicitly represented transgression, the true interpretations of the speakers are expressed by means of Aesopian language allegories. It is proven that the use of transgression ensures the success of the speech’s impact. The influence effect of transgression in courtroom discourse increases under the following conditions: frequent use; use of accusation and refutation strategies; emotionally charged vocabulary; piling up in narrative details, even inventing; and the construction of speeches on the principle of increasing transgression.

Bu araştırmada, akademik tartışma modelinin 8. sınıf öğrencilerinin konuşma kaygılarına ve sözlü anlatım öz yeterlik algılarına etkisini incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada, karma araştırma yöntem desenlerinden biri olan açımlayıcı sıralı desen kullanılmıştır. Bu bağlamda araştırmanın nicel boyutunda, “ön-test ve son-test kontrol gruplu” yarı deneysel desene; nitel boyutunda ise olgubilim desenine başvurulmuştur. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 49 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Bu öğrencilerden 24’ü deney grubunda, 25’i ise kontrol grubunda yer almaktadır. Araştırmanın nicel verileri, Gündüz (2020) tarafından geliştirilen “Konuşma Kaygısı Ölçeği” ve Demir (2020) tarafından geliştirilen “Sözlü Anlatım Öz Yeterlik Algısı Ölçeği” ile; nitel verileri ise araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan “Yarı Yapılandırılmış Görüşme Formu” ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın nicel veri analizinde, SPSS 20 analiz programı kullanılarak t-Testi ve iki yönlü ANOVA yapılmış; nitel veri analizinde ise NVivo 12 analiz programına başvurulmuştur. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre akademik tartışma modeliyle ders işlenen deney grubu öğrencilerinin, mevcut programla ders işlenen kontrol grubu öğrencilerine göre konuşma kaygılarının anlamlı derecede düştüğü, sözlü anlatım öz yeterlik algılarının ise anlamlı derecede arttığı gözlemlenmiştir. Ayrıca öğrencilerle yapılan görüşmeler sonucunda öğrenciler, bu tartışma modeliyle işlenen derslerden sonra konuşma özgüvenlerinin arttığını, konuşma kaygılarının düştüğünü, daha güçlü iletişim kurabildiklerini, birbirlerine daha saygılı olduklarını, etkili konuşabildiklerini belirtmişlerdir.

The purpose of the study was to descriptively examine the demographic, methodological and outcome measures of the studies using different interventions to teach social response behaviors including understanding and expressing emotions, verbal expression, facial expression, gesture and intonation to the individuals with ASD during over twenty years. We scanned a whole literature from overall online databases of a university using multiple key words and identified total 114 studies. The studies were examined for the inclusion criteria as follows: (a) publication between January 2000 and May 2020, (b) publication in a Turkish and/or English peer-reviewed journal, (c) including at least one participant with autism, (d) employing a qualitatively or quantitatively research design, (e) targeting at least one of social response behaviors including verbal expression, facial expression, gesture and intonation. After that 36 studies were included in this review study. As a result of the study it is note worthy that technology-based interventions were used for teaching all social response behaviors mostly and effectively in the current studies to the individuals with ASD who differ in age. The findings were discussed and future research was recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Rasprave Instituta za Hrvatski Jezik i Jezikoslovlje is the property of Institute of Croatian Language & Linguistics / Institut za Hrvatski Jezik i Jezikoslovlje and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: In the Life Esidimeni tragedy, crucial voices of mental healthcare users and practitioners were silenced, captured in the Ombud’s report as a ‘failure to listen’. Working against this kind of failure, various therapeutic interventions listen deliberately and uncover the voice of the patient, that is, what matters from his or her subjective perspective in his or her particular circumstances. Amongst these interventions, music therapy provides for this sensitive listening by expanding the scope and means of expression from the verbal to the musical. Aim: This article reports on a qualitative exploration of patients’ lived experiences both during and after their course of individual music therapy, expressed both verbally and in the language of active music-making. Setting: A tertiary public psychiatric hospital in South Africa. Methods: Audio-video recordings of 131 music therapy sessions and 15 post-therapy interviews were analysed thematically. From three sets of themes accounting for patients’ verbal contents, musical participation and verbal post-therapy reflections, 11 salient voices were identified. Results: The 11 voices that emerged were (1) the voice of struggle, (2) the voice of disturbance, (3) the voice that feels, (4) the voice of isolation, (5) the powerless voice, (6) the voice that desires, (7) the voice of flow and connection, (8) the reflecting voice, (9) the symbolic voice, (10) the resilient voice and (11) the voice of liberation. Conclusion: Although mental health practitioners may recognise these voices from their clinical experience, space and opportunity for hearing the voice of each patient should be generated deliberately.

The specific aims of this research study were to (a) examine the differential effect of three different music interventions, namely the interactive music playing therapy ("music and singing"), interaction music singing therapy ("singing"), and receptive music therapy ("listening") studying the varying latency periods in the response time it took 3-year-old children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to elicit the target word vocally; and (b) assess the index of happiness of children with ASD after the implementation of the three music interventions, which can, in turn, be used to influence their overall quality of life through this specific intervention. This study used a combined single-subject research design consisting of delayed multiple baseline across the participants and a multielement design to compare the effects of each music intervention technique targeting the child's verbal response during playback of a practiced song. Findings demonstrated "singing" to be associated with the lowest latency compared to the other two interventions ("listening" and "singing and music") across participants. Additionally, happiness levels varied from neutral to happy, signifying an overall positive experience during participation in the music applied behavior analysis (ABA) intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

F.L. Wright’s written and oral statements are discussed with a view to showing the connection between his principles of “organic” architecture and the rhetorical efficacy of his verbal expression. His calculated, eloquent and dexterous enactment, or performance, of various communication strategies is presented as fully contiguous and consonant with his architectural thinking and substantiation of ideas through action. This makes him an important precursor of postmodern consciousness and praxis.

The specific aims of this research study were to (a) examine the differential effect of three different music interventions, namely the interactive music playing therapy (“music and singing”), interaction music singing therapy (“singing”), and receptive music therapy (“listening”) studying the varying latency periods in the response time it took 3-year-old children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to elicit the target word vocally; and (b) assess the index of happiness of children with ASD after the implementation of the three music interventions, which can, in turn, be used to influence their overall quality of life through this specific intervention. This study used a combined single-subject research design consisting of delayed multiple baseline across the participants and a multielement design to compare the effects of each music intervention technique targeting the child’s verbal response during playback of a practiced song. Findings demonstrated “singing” to be associated with the lowest latency compared to the other two interventions (“listening” and “singing and music”) across participants. Additionally, happiness levels varied from neutral to happy, signifying an overall positive experience during participation in the music applied behavior analysis (ABA) intervention.

Copyright of Res Rhetorica is the property of Polish Rhetoric Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study aims to explain the patterns of construction of verbal expressions in the lexical aspects of Indonesian Broca’s aphasia persons. This study was conducted using qualitative-descriptive methods with a case study approach. The results showed that the types of verbal-lexical expressionsof people with Broca’s aphasiacomprised the production of quite a lot of language jargon, the occurrence of substitution of target words while speaking, the symptoms of echolalia (repetition of words) and the form of linguistic fillers as of a silent pause, the pause filled form (filled with sounds and words/phrases/clauses), and repetitions of words/topics of conversation. This study aims to explain the patterns of construction of verbal expressions in the lexical aspects of Indonesian Broca’s aphasia persons. This study was conducted using qualitative-descriptive methods with a case study approach. The results showed that the types of verbal-lexical expressionsof people with Broca’s aphasiacomprised the production of quite a lot of language jargon, the occurrence of substitution of target words while speaking, the symptoms of echolalia (repetition of words) and the form of linguistic fillers as of a silent pause, the pause filled form (filled with sounds and words/phrases/clauses), and repetitions of words/topics of conversation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aimed to find out the cultural meaning of verbal and non-verbal expression represented in the nyaébuh tradition of people in Aeng tong-tong, Saronggi, Sumenep. This research was a qualitative descriptive using an ethnographic method with ethnoscience analysis. Data were obtained from the interview result with two informants of verbal and non-verbal expression. It finds that this tradition in the form of almsgiving whereby the charity is devoted to the deceased in the hope that it can alleviate and erase the sins of the deceased, in addition to which it can increase unity, harmony, family, harmony between people and others. This research can provide the benefits of knowledge about the meaning contained in the tradition of nyaébuh, and it can give the Sumenep community’s insights about the meaning of tradition through verbal and non-verbal language expressions. Besides that, it can share knowledge about the culture and traditions of Madura for each different region.

This study aims to explain the patterns of construction of verbal expressions in the grammatical aspects of Indonesian Broca’s aphasia persons. People with Broca's aphasia have different verbal-grammatical expressions from normal speakers, so it is necessary to do research to create a pattern of the verbal expression. This pattern can help and facilitate the process of restoring language competence in Indonesian Broca’s aphasia persons, so the speech therapy process can be grounded in that pattern. This study was conducted using qualitative-descriptive methods with a case study approach. The research data were in the forms of verbal expressions. This study was conducted at the National Brain Center Hospital. Three (3) respondents were involved as the research subjects that met the inclusion criteria. The results showed that the overall types of verbal expressions in the grammatical aspect of people with Broca’s aphasia are (a) irregular repetition and elimination of affixation; (b) word categorization; (c) phrases with lect deficits and phrases with imperfect shapes; (d) removal and exchange of syntactic functions, removal of conjunctions. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan pola-pola konstruksi ekspresi verbal aspek gramatikal dari penyandang afasia Broca berbahasa Indonesia. Para penyandang afasia broca memiliki ekspresi verbal-gramatikal yang berbeda dengan penutur normal, sehingga perlu untuk dilakukan penelitian untuk membuat pola atas ekspresi verbal tersebut. Pola tersebut pada masa nanti dapat membantu dan memudahkan proses pemulihan kompetensi berbahasa pada penyandang afasia broca berbahasa Indonesia, sehingga proses terapi wicara dapat berpijak pada pola tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan jenis kualitatif-deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Data penelitian ini berupa ekspresi verbal para penyandang afasia Broca berbahasa Indonesia. Secara keseluruhan penelitian ini mengambil lokasi di Rumah Sakit Pusat Otak Nasional. Sebanyak 3 (tiga) orang informan dijadikan sampel penelitian yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tipe realisasi gramatikal pada luaran wicara pengandang afasia broca adalah (a) penghilangan dan pengulangan afiksasi secara tidak teratur, (b) kategorisasi kata, (c) frasa dengan defisit leksikal dan frasa dengan bentuk yang tidak sempurna, dan (d) penghilangan dan pertukaran fungsi sintaksis, penghilangan konjungsi.

This research aims to describe and explain about verbal expression of refusing and begging (pitiful) on Muhammad Zaini, a boy aged 4 years 9 months to 5 years 1 month. The method used in this research is qualitative method with based language acquisition of children. Data were analyzed by applying longitudinal techniques.The result of this research shows that there are verbal expressions for refusing on Muhammad Zaini who set in Banjar people, such as “indah” (not or don't want to), jangan (do not), eh ... ehm, “kada” (not), “lain” (not), and the expression of pain.In addition also the verbal expression is found begging (pitiful) on Muhammad Zaini in the form of greeting ”jangan sarik”(do not get angry),“ulun indah disariki” (I don't want to get yelled at), jangan (do not), and ask something.

How is one to teach performance analysis in professional art schools and universities today? In the face of the multiplicity and complex hybridizations of current scenic forms, the article suggests that the analysis be based on the notion of artistic gesture, conducive to a discourse that is aware of the singularity of each performance. In three stations – before, within, around the creation –, the practice of analysis thus becomes a exercise in sensibility, promoted to the level of an art of memory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Participants grappled with to feel/not to feel, to do/not to do, and their future. • Hurt, sadness, brokenness, and fear of undesirable outcomes were dominant emotions. • Music therapy afforded motivation, resilience, courage, invigoration and liberation. • Various verbal affordances featured regardless of diagnosis or therapeutic method. • Verbal content common in music therapy may inform and strengthen session planning. Previous research on active and receptive music therapy methods mostly reports on response to musical processes and therapeutic impact. Preceding such interests, our study examined qualitatively the verbal affordances during a course of eight individual music therapy sessions among twenty participants with a major depressive disorder or a schizophrenia-spectrum psychotic disorder. Audio-video recordings of 131 sessions were transcribed verbatim and subjected to thematic analysis, following which comparisons for music therapy method and diagnostic group were made. The themes that emerged from the thematic analysis, reflect the content of verbal responses to participation in active music making, receptive music listening and client-therapist dialogue. These themes were i) not to feel; ii) to do or not to do; iii) grappling with the desired future; iv) hurt and fear of undesirable outcomes; v) sadness, brokenness and futility; vi) anger, trust and vulnerability; vii) desire for connection with and affection of others; viii) barricaded from being (in the) present; ix) tensing and un-tensing; x) personal relating to one's musical expression; xi) reflections on the music and music making in therapy, xii) resilience in courage and xiii) invigoration and liberation. The emerging verbal affordances showed responses within a therapeutic relationship that express inter- and intra-personal connection, increased motivation, grappling with difficulty, emotional expression, and the reclamation of energy, spontaneity and resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, firstly (1) we define the general „construction" concept, and describe an abstract model which captures this concept. This model is built on the notion of algebraic lattice. Secondly, (2) we apply the model to verbal expressions like he takes their opinions into consideration or the team would get rid of its beloved mascot. Then (3) by combining verbal expressions we make the model suitable for representing verbal expressions of a whole corpus together instead that of just one clause. Finally, (4) we outline the algorithmic framework, by which the model can become capable of identifying the so called real verbal expressions like take something into consideration or get rid of something in a corpus-driven way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, firstly (1) we define the general „construction" concept, and describe an abstract model which captures this concept. This model is built on the notion of algebraic lattice. Secondly, (2) we apply the model to verbal expressions like he takes their opinions into consideration or the team would get rid of its beloved mascot. Then (3) by combining verbal expressions we make the model suitable for representing verbal expressions of a whole corpus together instead that of just one clause. Finally, (4) we outline the algorithmic framework, by which the model can become capable of identifying the so called real verbal expressions like take something into consideration or get rid of something in a corpus-driven way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Southern Yangtze University: Humanities & Social Sciences Edition is the property of Jiangnan Daxue and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)