Search

The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of Hepatozoon species infecting dogs in the municipality of Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), Brazil, using blood samples (n = 165) drawn from dogs. The species Hepatozoon caniswas identified in 3.63% of the tested animals using molecular tools. Further studies are needed to determine the clinical relevance of this infection and the main arthropod vectors involved in its transmission.

Abstract Hemotropic mycoplasmas in dogs, such as Mycoplasma haemocanis, have been described worldwide. Recently, these pathogens have been reported to be causative agent of zoonosis. It is known that its transmission may occur through the action of blood-sucking arthropods (e.g. ticks or fleas), through blood transfusion, contaminated fomites and/or transplacentally. In Brazil, M. haemocanis is present in practically all regions and the tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato is suspected the main vector. In the municipality of Campo Grande, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, there is little information about infection of dogs by M. haemocanis, or on the main epidemiological features associated with it. Thus, the aim of the present study was to determine the occurrence of M. haemocanis among dogs infested by ticks and to assess possible associations with some epidemiological factors. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing were used to analyze dog blood samples (n = 94). DNA from M. haemocanis was detected in four samples. No significant associations were observed with any epidemiological parameter analyzed here. However, the results from this study confirm that this pathogen is circulating in this region and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of diseases among anemic dogs.

A artrite séptica consiste na inflamação da estrutura articular secundária a contaminação bacteriana. O presente estudo tem como objetivo relatar o tratamento bem-sucedido de artrite séptica em um cão macho, de dois meses de idade, da raça boxer, com claudicação de membro torácico esquerdo, apesar da resistência demonstrada no antibiograma. Realizou-se coleta do líquido sinovial para cultura e antibiograma e foi iniciada antibioticoterapia empírica com cefalotina até obtenção dos resultados. O agente isolado foi Actinomyces viscosus, sendo resistente à amoxicilina, amoxicilina + ácido clavulânico, azitromicina, cefalexina, cefalotina, doxiciclina, sulfazotrim e tetracilina. Entretanto, pelo fato de, no momento da obtenção deste resultado, o cão já ter apresentado melhora clínica significativa, optou-se pela manutenção do tratamento inicial. O conhecimento acerca da farmacocinética, associado ao resultado do antibiograma e a experiência da aplicação clínica dos antibióticos são importantes ferramentas para estabelecimento da terapia mais apropriada. Acredita-se que a diferença de suscetibilidade da bactéria à cefalotina in vitro e in vivo possa ser atribuída à distribuição deste fármaco, que sabidamente apresenta maiores concentrações nos tecidos osteoarticulares.

Abstract The aim of the present study was to detect Cercopithifilaria bainae and other tick-borne pathogens and to perform molecular characterization of the tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. collected from dogs. Ticks (n = 432, including 8 larvae, 59 nymphs, and 365 adults) were sampled from domiciled dogs (n = 73) living in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul (Midwest Brazil). All ticks were morphologically identified as R. sanguineus. Genomic DNA was extracted in pools (three to five ticks per animal) and was used for definition of R. sanguineus haplotypes (based on 16S rRNA analysis) and pathogen identification (Cercopithifilaria sp., Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma platys, Hepatozoon canis, Babesia vogeli and Rickettsia spp.). Rhipicephal us sanguineus specimens were identified as haplotypes A and B. DNA of Cercopithifilaria bainae (43.83%; 32/73), Ehrlichia canis (24.65%; 18/73), Anaplasma platys (19.17%; 14/73), and Hepatozoon canis (5.47%; 4/73) was detected. The identity of pathogens was confirmed by DNA sequence analysis. The present study confirms the presence of haplotypes A and B of R. sanguineus in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul and its importance as a vector of several pathogens of veterinary concern. Finally, this is the first report to identify C. bainae in ticks in the Midwestern region of Brazil.

The aims of this study were to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment with azithromycin in dogs naturally infected with E. canis, and to analyse the clinical and hematological changes the animals would show. Ten dogs with positive diagnosis for E. canis through Elisa Snap 4Dx test were distributed into two groups, untreated and treated with azithromycin, 20 mg/kg, orally once a day for seven days. In addition to the physical exam, complete blood counts (CBC), smears made out from blood of the ear margin in order to detect ehrlichial morulae and nested PCR before treatment and post-treatment were performed. We found that the treatment was not effective, since the clinical signs did not disappear, as well as there was no return to normal values of the CBC in treated animas, neither the elimination of E. canis from the infected animals.