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Based on single metal-organic framework (MOF) composite catalyst ZIF-67/g-C3N4 (ZG), the composite catalysts ZIF-67/MOF-74(Ni)/g-C3N4 (ZNG) and ZIF-67/MIL-100(Fe)/g-C3N4 (ZMG) with double MOFs were synthesized, used to effectively activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for degrade venlafaxine (VEN). Various characterization methods (XRD, FT-IR, Raman, SEM, EDS, TEM and TG) showed that ZIF-67 and g-C3N4; ZIF-67, MOF-74(Ni) and g-C3N4; as well as ZIF-67, MIL-100(Fe) and g-C3N4 successfully formed heterostructures. The series of catalytic degradation results showed that within 120 min, the degradation rate of VEN by ZMG achieved 100% and the mineralization rate reached 51.32%. The removal rate of VEN by ZNG was 91.38%, while that by ZG was only 27.75%. Free radical quenching tests and EPR further confirmed the production of •OH and SO4•-, which could be conducive to the degradation of VEN. The mechanism analysis of PMS activation confirmed that the interaction of ≡Fe2+/≡Co3+ was stronger than that of ≡Ni2+/≡Co3+, and it was an important driving force to significantly enhance the synergistic effect. Finally, Gauss theory calculation and HPLC-MS/MS were used to analyze the intermediate products of VEN. It was verified that the main chemical reactions in the degradation process of VEN were hydroxylation, dehydration, demethylation and tertiary amine substitution.

Key Points Patients with AML who received IC were compared with those who received ven to investigate predictors of outcomes.Presence of RUNX1 mutations is associated with better outcomes for ven/aza compared with IC., Visual Abstract, Venetoclax (ven) plus azacitidine (aza) is the standard of care for patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who are not candidates for intensive chemotherapy (IC). Some patients who are IC candidates instead receive ven/aza. We retrospectively analyzed patients with newly diagnosed AML who received ven/aza (n = 143) or IC (n = 149) to compare outcomes, seek variables that could predict response to 1 therapy or the other, and ascertain whether treatment recommendations could be refined. The response rates were 76.9% for ven/aza and 70.5% for IC. The median overall survival (OS) was 884 days for IC compared with 483 days for ven/aza (P = .0020). A propensity-matched cohort was used to compare outcomes in the setting of equivalent baseline variables, and when matched for age, biological risk, and transplantation, the median OS was 705 days for IC compared with not reached for ven/aza (P = .0667). Variables that favored response to ven/aza over IC included older age, secondary AML, and RUNX1 mutations. AML M5 favored response to IC over ven/aza. In the propensity-matched cohort analyzing OS, older age, adverse risk, and RUNX1 mutations favored ven/aza over IC, whereas intermediate risk favored IC over ven/aza. In conclusion, patients receiving IC have improved OS compared with those receiving ven/aza. However, in a propensity-matched cohort of patients with equivalent baseline factors, there was a trend toward favorable OS for ven/aza. Specific variables, such as RUNX1 mutations, reported here for the first time, can be identified that favor ven/aza or IC, helping to guide treatment decisions for patients who may be eligible candidates for either therapy.

In 1975 I was walking with Professor Ven Te Chow, the founding father of the International Water Resources Association (IWRA), asking about future water-related research directions to guide my inte...

The combination of venetoclax (ven) and azacitidine (aza) has resulted in high response rates in the upfront treatment of AML in patients age > 75 and patients unfit for intensive chemotherapy. Given the poor historical outcomes in patients age ≥ 60 treated with induction chemotherapy, ven/aza has become our institutional preference for the initial treatment of non-core binding factor (CBF) AML patients age ≥ 60. The benefit of allogeneic stem cell transplant (SCT) in patients who achieve response to ven/aza is uncertain. We report outcomes of SCT-eligible patients treated at our center. Between 1/2015 and 1/2020, 119 newly diagnosed non-CBF AML patients age ≥ 60 received ven/aza as initial therapy. 21 patients underwent SCT; 31 additional patients were potentially SCT eligible but deferred SCT. Overall survival (OS) was significantly greater among SCT patients (median survival not reached) versus potentially SCT eligible patients not undergoing SCT (median 518 days) (p = 0.01). Our data suggest that ven/aza followed by SCT in newly diagnosed AML patients older than ≥ 60 results in excellent outcomes and likely improves outcomes over maintenance therapy. Ongoing investigation will further refine the optimal timing of and selection of patients for SCT based on prognostic disease features and response assessments.

espanolEl presente articulo versa sobre las enfermedades de larga duracion y la muerte con relacion a edades tempranas. Para ello, se ha hecho un analisis de la revision bibliografica que ha permitido obtener una vision sobre la situacion actual del tratamiento de estas tematicas en el campo educativo. Asimismo, como objetivo principal, se ha llevado a cabo la creacion de un amplio repositorio digital util para la comunidad docente y sanitaria, teniendo como base solida la investigacion bibliografica realizada de manera previa, producto de la investigacion anterior. La metodologia utilizada en este proyecto es la Investigacion Basada en el Diseno, complementada con el modelo IPECC de gestion de proyectos. Como resultado se presenta un analisis de los diferentes aspectos que se ven afectados por diagnosticos sin curacion, asi como la propuesta de un repositorio para docentes con actividades y recursos para tratar el tema. En cuanto a las conclusiones se destaca la realidad acerca de las enfermedades de larga duracion y la muerte como temas que son tabus actualmente y sobre los que es necesario proponer estrategias y recursos para minimizar su impacto en los ninos enfermos, sus familias, y en los companeros de clase. EnglishThis article deals with long-term illnesses and death in relation to early ages. For this, an analysis of the bibliographic review has been made, which has allowed us to obtain a vision of the current situation of the treatment of these issues in the educational field. Likewise, as a main objective, the creation of an extensive digital repository useful for the teaching and health community has been carried out, having as a solid base the bibliographic research carried out previously, and as a result of the previous research. The methodology used in this project is Design-Based Research, complemented by the IPECC model of project management. As a result, an analysis of the different aspects that are affected by diagnoses without cure is pr esented, as well as the proposal of a repository for teachers with activities and resources to deal with the subject. Regarding the conclusions, the reality about long-term illnesses and death is highlighted as topics that are currently taboo and on which it is necessary to propose strategies and resources to minimize their impact on sick children, their families, and on children. classmates.

Author(s): Saber, Muna; Preefer, Molleigh B; Kolli, Sanjeev K; Zhang, William; Laurita, Geneva; Dunn, Bruce; Seshadri, Ram; Van der Ven, Anton

Before the health crisis began, there was already evidence that women are twice as likely as men to experience negative emotions in stressful situations. Given these precedents, analysing the environmental and psychological factors that can influence this state, as well as the coping strategies aimed at mitigating or preventing this emotional response to confinement, is essential. The results of this study indicate that the negative emotions experienced by women during confinement are affected by their perception of the world, response to uncertainty, emotional intelligence and the habitability of their home. Similarly, the study found that these same factors influence women’s coping patterns during confinement, with the exception of response to uncertainty. These results may help develop intervention strategies aimed at protecting women’s mental health in similar future situations. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] RESUMEN Antes de que comenzara la crisis sanitaria ya existian evidencias de que las mujeres tienen el doble de probabilidad que los hombres de experimentar emociones negativas ante situaciones de estres. Dados estos precedentes se hace necesario indagar sobre aquellos factores ambientales y psicologicos que pueden influir en dicho estado, asi como sobre las estrategias de afrontamiento encaminadas a mitigar o evitar esa respuesta emocional ante el confinamiento. Los resultados hallados indican que las emociones negativas experimentadas por las mujeres durante el confinamiento se ven afectadas por su percepcion del mundo, su respuesta a la incertidumbre, su inteligencia emocional y la habitabilidad de su vivienda, esencialmente. Asi mismo, se vio que estos mismos factores influyen en las pautas de afrontamiento llevadas a cabo por las mujeres durante el confinamiento, a excepcion de la respuesta a la incertidumbre. Estos resultados pueden ayudar a desarrollar estrategias de intervencion destinadas a proteger la salud mental de las mujeres en situaciones similares futuras. (Spanish) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Estudios de Psicologia is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Pregnancy was defined as a state that exposes women to multiple anatomical-physiological, biochemical, psychological, and adaptive genomic changes in an environment of homeostatic balance and preparation of the fetus in the external environment. From fertilization to birth, a genetic program previously imprinted in your cells had been developed, which was influenced by the state of maternal health, preconception, nutritional factors, and the diet of the pregnant woman. Other secondary ones were of the maternal-fetal hormonal type, stress, toxic, viral or bacterial infections. Objective: To describe the influence of nutrition and maternal diet as factors of change in the epigenetic regulation of the placenta and in the perinatal results. Methods: Academic Google, Scopus, PubMed, ClinicalKey databases were searched using MeSH and DeCS terms: ‘epigenetics’, ‘placent’, ‘diet’, ‘pregnancy’, ‘imprint’. Discussion: Methylation of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was the common way for epigenetic expression to take place and could be demonstrated in tissues. Observations highlight differences in placental tissue and the existence of hypo-methylation zones of DNA that resemble those present in malignant cells, the placenta being very sensitive to epigenetic marks and to maternal and fetal signals that allow its adaptation or depress influences from the environment. Conclusion: The placenta had unique genomic characteristics and was a reactive tissue to internal and external influences that had great clinical importance for fetal growth, appearance of neural tube defects, development of diabetes, high blood pressure, obesity, and other extrauterine diseases. Keywords: epigenetic, nutrition, placenta, methylation. RESUMEN Introducción: El embarazo es un estado que expone a la mujer a múltiples cambios anátomo-fisiológicos, bioquímicos, psicológicos, genómicos adaptativos en un entorno de equilibrio homeostático y de preparación del feto al medio externo. Desde la fecundación hasta el nacimiento se desarrolla una programación genética previamente impresa en sus células que se ven influenciadas por el estado de salud materna, factores preconcepcionales, nutricionales y la dieta de la gestante. Otros secundarios son del tipo hormonal materno-fetales, el estrés, tóxicos, infecciones víricas o bacterianas. Objetivo: Describir la influencia de la nutrición y la dieta materna como factores de cambio en la regulación epigenética de la placenta y en los resultados perinatales. Métodos: Se realizaron búsquedas en bases de datos Academic Google, Scopus, PubMed, ClinicalKey utilizando términos MeSH y DeCS: ‘epigenética’, ‘placenta’, ‘dieta’, ‘embarazo’, ‘impronta’. Discusión: La metilación del Acido desoxirribonucleico (ADN) es la manera común para que la expresión epigenética tenga lugar y sea demostrada en los tejidos. Observaciones destacan diferencias en el tejido placentario y la existencia de zonas hipo metilación del ADN que se asemejan a las presentes en células malignas, siendo la placenta muy sensible a marcas epigenéticas y a las señales maternas y fetales que permiten su adaptación o deprimen las influencias del entorno. Conclusión: La placenta presenta características genómicas únicas y es un tejido reactivo a influencias internas y externas que le confiere gran importancia clínica para el crecimiento fetal, aparición de defectos del tubo neural, desarrollo de diabetes, hipertensión arterial, obesidad y otras enfermedades extrauterinas. Palabras clave: epigenética, nutrición, placenta, metilación.

Introduction: Epigenetics is the study of the interaction between genotype and phenotype, first described by Waddingtonen in 1939. Objective: To identify new technologies that predict clinical markers of perinatal maternal risk with the help of epigenetics. Method: We searched all the databases that have had an impact worldwide, including Elsevier, WoS, Pubmed, Scielo, Redalyc, among others, generating a search with the terms epigenetic, clinical markers. Results: Of a total of 37 preselected articles, three were discarded, selecting 34 articles that met the inclusion/exclusion criteria in all that covers the topic and objective of this research work. Discussion: There are new lines of research that allow to know the epigenome of each individual and how the environment interact on it. Epigenetic biomarkers that exceed the usual diagnostic techniques on different pathologies are being developed. It is very important to continue in the search for information, for this reason several countries that have the appropriate technology are conducting epigenetic studies for later use in medicine. Conclusion: The woman during pregnancy experiences a series of changes that predispose her to the development of some pathology and the research in them is limited by her condition, but the diseases that stand out are diabetes, obesity and preeclampsia where epigenetics has shown that changes in specific genes occur. Keywords: epigenetic, human genome, biomarkers. RESUMEN Introducción: La epigenética es el estudio de la interacción entre el genotipo y el fenotipo, descrito por primera vez por Waddingtonen en 1939. Objetivo: Identificar nuevas tecnologías que pronostiquen marcadores clínicos de riesgo materno perinatal con ayuda de la epigenética. Método: Se procedió a realizar búsquedas en todas las bases de datos que a nivel mundial han tomado impacto, entre ellas están Elsevier, WoS, Pubmed, Scielo, Redalyc, entre otros, generando búsqueda con los términos epigenética, marcadores clínicos. Resultados: De un total de 37 artículos preseleccionados, se descartó tres, seleccionando 34 artículos que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión/exclusión en todo lo que abarca el tema y el objetivo de este trabajo investigativo. Discusión: Existen nuevas líneas de investigación que permiten conocer el epigenoma de cada individuo y como el ambiente influye sobre este. Se están desarrollando biomarcadores epigenéticos que superen las técnicas habituales de diagnóstico para la detección de diversas patologías. Es muy importante seguir en la búsqueda de información, por esto varios países que cuentan con la tecnología adecuada se encuentran realizando estudios de epigenética para su uso posterior en la medicina. Conclusión: La mujer durante el embarazo experimenta una serie de cambios que le predisponen al desarrollo de alguna patología y las investigaciones en ellas se ven limitadas por su condición, pero las enfermedades que resaltan son la diabetes, obesidad y la preeclampsia donde la epigenética ha demostrado que suceden cambios en genes específicos. Palabras clave: epigenética, genoma humano, biomarcadores

The aim was to research the pharmacotherapy of psoriasis with antiphospholipid syndrome based on ABC/VEN analysis of antiviral drugs. The materials of the study were the clinical and pharmacological groups for pharmacotherapy of psoriasis on the background of antiphospholipid syndrome. Regulatory, documentary, marketing, pharmacoeconomic, ABC/VEN research methods were used. Studied the clinical and pharmacological groups of the most drugs INN for basic pharmacotherapy of psoriasis have diagnostic codes of ATC classification L "Antineoplastic and immunomodulatory agents" and code M "Agents affecting the musculoskeletal system". In the article, the results of share of different medical forms of drugs for pharmacotherapy of psoriasis with antiphospholipid syndrome were shown. Matrix of the consolidated ABC-VEN analysis of drugs for pharmacotherapy of psoriasis with antiphospholipid syndrome was developed during the research. Shown the relevance and necessity of the chosen research topic because of a review of the scientific literature on epidemiology and pharmacotherapy. Marketing research of medicines were determined by assortment, country of origin, dosage forms, and registration certificates. Estimated that in the A/E categories, drugs coincide and are in a niche with an affordable share (17.04%). In terms of priority for pharmacotherapy of psoriasis on the background of antiphospholipid syndrome, a matrix of the combined ABC/VEN analysis was developed. The results of the study provide an opportunity to make administrative and managerial decisions in determining the pharmacotherapy of psoriasis with antiphospholipid syndrome to improve the use pharmaceutical provision for patients with systemic autoimmune diseases.

espanolDiversas publicaciones brindan respaldo a la evaluacion de la personalidad desde cinco grandes dimensiones analizadas a traves de instrumentos psicometricos como el BFI; no obstante, no existen muchos estudios validados en pacientes drogodependientes, a pesar de la necesidad de contar con estudios de este tipo. Objetivo. Se analizo y comparo la estructura y consistencia interna del BFI y una forma breve sin item inversos (BFI 28) mediante el uso del enfoque SEM y ESEM. Metodo. Se examinaron las propiedades del BFI para posteriormente, retirar los items inversos y evaluar la calidad del BFI 28 entre los dos enfoques. Resultados. El ESEM del BFI senalo problemas en su estructura latente (ICF 0.80 tanto en el enfoque SEM y ESEM, solo que el ESEM mostro coeficientes omega Conclusiones. la presencia de los items inversos afecta la estructura y consistencia del BFI. Asimismo, el BFI y el BFI 28 se ven influenciados por las caracteristicas clinicas, educativas o socioeconomicas de la muestra cuando no son similares a las usualmente estudiadas. EnglishSeveral publications support personality assessment from big five dimensions analyzed through psychometric instruments such as the BFI; however, there are not many validated studies in drugdependent patients despite the need for such studies. Objective: The structure and internal consistency of the BFI and a short form without inverse items (BFI 28) were analysed and compared using the SEM and ESEM approach. Method; The properties of the BFI were reviewed and then the inverse items were removed to assess the quality of the BFI 28 between the two approaches. Results: The ESEM of the BFI pointed out problems in its latent structure (ICF 0.80 in both the SEM and ESEM approaches, except that the ESEM showed omega coefficients

espanolLa evaluacion es un proceso que requiere no solo la verificacion de aspectos por mejorar, sino la toma de decisiones y por ende, la retroalimentacion de los procesos obtenidos de acuerdo a los resultados. En tal sentido el articulo aborda, la evaluacion como herramienta que traza planes para mejorar procesos, se trata de explicar con ello, el papel fundamental de la evaluacion como parte de un mecanismo para: verificar, analizar y retroalimentar aquellos procesos que se ven desgastados o que repercuten en el logro de los estandares de calidad de educacion superior. Las ideas que surgen a partir del concepto evaluacion, se reflejan de manera atractiva e idonea, pero, debe tomarse en cuenta si, en realidad estas ideas son plasmadas o llevadas a la practica de forma efectiva y pertinente, misma que se deducen de lo particular a lo general, determinando con ello, los estandares de calidad adquiridos en el estudiante de la carrera de Licenciatura en Pedagogia y Administracion Educativa, del Centro Universitario de Jutiapa. Evidenciando con ello a traves de analisis realizado, un estandar parcialmente alcanzado, lo que indica que, existen repercusiones que requieren de retroalimentacion para mejorar y es esta la finalidad de la evaluacion “mejorar” procesos. EnglishEvaluation is a process that requires not only the verification of aspects to be improved, but also decision-making and, therefore, the feedback of the processes obtained according to the results. In this sense, the article addresses evaluation as a tool that draws up plans to improve processes, it tries to explain the fundamental role of evaluation as part of a mechanism to: verify, analyze and provide feedback on those processes that are worn out or that have an impact on the achievement of higher education quality standards. The ideas that arise from the concept of evaluation are reflected in an attractive and suitable way, but it must be taken into account if, in reality, these ideas are reflected or put into practice in an effective and pertinent way, which are deduced from the particular in general, thereby determining the quality standards acquired in the student of the Bachelor’s degree in Pedagogy and Educational Administration, of the Jutiapa University Center.Evidencing with this through the analysis carried out, a partially achieved standard, which indicates that there are repercussions that require feedback to improve and this is the purpose of the evaluation to “improve” processes.

espanolLos centros de titularidad espanola, donde se imparten las ensenanzas regladas del sistema educativo espanol, son una de las acciones que el gobierno espanol desarrolla en el exterior, con mayor presencia en Marruecos. Metodo: se ha optado por un diseno observacional descriptivo de corte transversal, con enfoque mixto. Los datos se han recogido administrando un cuestionario a 267 estudiantes de bachiller y entrevistando a cuatro docentes destinados en Marruecos. Resultados: El perfil del alumnado que estudia en estos centros responde a un/a joven de nacionalidad marroqui, que procede de un centro educativo espanol, de religion musulmana, que habla diferentes lenguas y de clase social media o media-alta. La valoracion de los centros y las ensenanzas recibidas que expresan los estudiantes es aceptable. Destacan como aspectos mas positivos la exigencia e interes de los estudios, la aproximacion a la cultura espanola y las oportunidades de exito. No obstante, consideran que no hay una integracion real de la entre los elementos culturales espanoles y marroquis, y que la metodologia docente es poco activa y variada. El profesorado destaca de los estudiantes su dominio de las lenguas y en particular del espanol, su alta motivacion y valoracion de la educacion. Valoran muy positivamente la implicacion de las familias y perciben que tanto estudiantes como familias ven en estos centros una opcion de promocion sociolaboral, que les facilita salir de su pais. Discusion/Conclusiones: la valoracion de los centros y las ensenanzas recibidas que expresan los estudiantes es aceptable. Los datos sobre la accion docente de este trabajo concuerdan con la existencia en Marruecos de dos sistemas educativos que reproducen las desigualdades sociales. EnglishSpanish-owned centres, where the state teaching of the Spanish education system is taught, are one of the actions that the Spanish government develops abroad, with the greatest presence in Morocco. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional observational design has been chosen, with mixed focus. The data has been collected by submitting a questionnaire to 267 high school students and interviewing four teachers based in Morocco. Results: The profile of the students studying in these centres responds to a young person of Moroccan nationality, who comes from a Spanish educational centre, of Muslim religion, who speaks different languages and middle- or upper-class social class. The schools ‘assessment and the teachings received by students is acceptable. The demand and interest of studies, the approach to Spanish culture and the opportunities for success stand out as more positive aspects. However, they consider that there is no real integration between The Spanish and Moroccan cultural elements, and that the teaching methodology is a bit active and varied. Teachers highlight their mastery of languages and in particular Spanish, their high motivation and assessment of education. They highly value the involvement of families and perceive that both students and families see in these centres an option of socio-labor promotion, which makes it easier for them to leave their country. Discussion/Conclusions: The schools ‘assessment and the teachings received by students is acceptable. The data on the teaching action of this work is consistent with the existence in Morocco of two educational systems that reproduce social inequalities.

espanolEl presente trabajo es una interpretacion de Nostalgia de la muerte de Xavier Villaurrutia a partir de conceptos filosoficos interconectados del barroco, idealismo y nihilismo, que conciben al sujeto (yo-lirico) encerrado en si mismo, sin posibilidad o necesidad de entrar en contacto con el exterior. Estos conceptos ven amenazada la integridad del sujeto y plantean su reconstruccion sin consideracion del mundo externo. La obra del poeta mexicano esta influenciada por los motivos del horror vacui (Pascal) y de la monada (Leibniz), y muestra concordancias con la idea del sujeto como absoluto y como nada (Hegel) asi como con la constitucion dialectica que plantea Kierkegaard. EnglishThe present work is an interpretation of Nostalgia de la Muerte by Xavier Villaurrutia based on some interconnected philosophical concepts from the Baroque, Idealism and Nihilism, notions that conceive the subject (lyrical ego) as locked in itself, without the possibility or the need of coming into contact with the outside. These notions threaten the integrity of the subject and support its reconstruction regardless of the outside world. The work of the mexican poet is influenced by the concepts of horror vacui (Pascal) and the monad (Leibniz); it shows affinity with the idea of the subject as an absolute and as nothing (Hegel), and with the dialectical constitution of the subject in times of nihilism (Kierkegaard).

espanolLos estudiantes se ven urgidos a entregar con frecuencia trabajos escritos como parte de su evaluacion academica. La disponibilidad de una gran cantidad de informacion en internet facilita en gran medida la realizacion de estas tareas. Sin embargo, en ocasiones, puede emplearse de una manera inadecuada segun criterios academicos de autoria y de citacion. El plagio se ha convertido en un problema que puede ser identificado con programas antiplagio y castigado segun los especificado en los reglamentos. Por otra parte, tambien puede ser aprovechado como una oportunidad para mejorar tanto el proceso de ensenar como de aprender. Este texto asume preferentemente este enfoque. EnglishStudents are urged to frequently submit written assignments as part of their academic assessment. The availability of a large amount of information on the internet greatly facilitates the completion of these tasks. However, on occasions, it can be used in an inappropriate way according to academic criteria of authorship and citation. Plagiarism has become a problem that can be identified with anti-plagiarism programs and punished as specified in the regulations. On the other hand, it can also be used as an opportunity to improve both the teaching and learning processes. This text preferably takes this approach into account.

En los actuales momentos, el desarrollo economico del Ecuador se encuentra seriamente comprometido ante la declaracion de la pandemia a causa del COVID19, por cuanto las medidas de bioseguridad adoptadas obligan al confinamiento de los habitantes en sus hogares, y una seria reduccion de la capacidad empresarial y productiva de todos los sectores. Las generalidades en el comportamiento de la economia reflejan una perspectiva global muy compleja en el sector bananero del pais, por cuanto desde el pequeno productor independiente hasta las grandes empresas nacionales y transnacionales dedicadas a la produccion y comercializacion de la fruta se ven seriamente afectados en toda su cadena logistica. Las operaciones de comercio internacional, asi como el consecuente impacto al medio ambiente se ha reducido significativamente en todos sus indicadores, afectando el ingreso de divisas, liquidez del sistema financiero, estabilidad de personal, pago de proveedores y otros. Es de recordar que el banano representa uno de los principales recursos renovables que posee el Ecuador dentro de su oferta exportable tomando en cuenta que segun la Asociacion de Exportadores de Banano del Ecuador los envios al exterior crecieron un 4% durante el primer semestre 2019 representando 1706 millones de dolares que se inyectan directamente a la economia nacional. La oferta exportable del banano se ha reducido aproximadamente un 70% en los mercados internacionales y a su vez tambien se han incrementado el precio de los servicios logisticos multimodal requeridos para el transporte de la fruta por el riesgo inherente a un contagio no deseado que conlleva en los actuales momentos el desarrollo de toda actividad comercial. En la planificacion de la politica publica ecuatoriana, esta muy presente que el banano tiene un importante aporte a la economia fundamental del Ecuador. Dandole la debida importancia siendo el banano la segunda fuente de ingresos al estado. Constituyendose este en un elemento clave de la economia ecuatoriana. At the present time, the economic development of Ecuador is seriously compromised by the declaration of the pandemic caused by COVID19, since the biosecurity measures adopted force the confinement of the inhabitants to their homes, and a serious reduction of the business and productive capacity of all sectors. The general economic performance reflects a very complex global perspective in the country's banana sector, since everything from small independent producers to large national and transnational companies engaged in the production and marketing of the fruit are seriously affected throughout the logistical chain. International trade operations, as well as the consequent impact on the environment, have been significantly reduced in all indicators, affecting the income of foreign currency, liquidity of the financial system, stability of personnel, payment of suppliers and others. It should be remembered that bananas represent one of the main renewable resources that Ecuador has within its exportable supply taking into account that according to the Association of Banana Exporters of Ecuador, shipments abroad grew by 4% during the first half of 2019 representing US$1706 million that are directly injected into the national economy. The exportable supply of bananas has been reduced by approximately 70% in international markets and at the same time the price of multimodal logistics services required for the transportation of the fruit has also increased due to the inherent risk of an unwanted contagion that the development of any commercial activity entails at the present time. In the planning of the Ecuadorian public policy, it is very present that the banana has an important contribution to the fundamental economy of Ecuador. Giving it due importance being the banana the second source of income to the state. This is a key element of the Ecuadorian economy.

espanolEste articulo recoge la investigacion que pretende estudiar el impacto del arte en la construccion de la identidad de los individuos y, concretamente, de aquellos que se ubican en colectivos en riesgo de exclusion social. Para alcanzar este objetivo se sigue una investigacion etnografica mediante la entrevista semiestructurada en profundidad a artistas que pertenecen a diferentes colectivos en riesgo de exclusion social. Despues de realizar esta investigacion, se han podido comprobar los beneficios que realmente aporta el arte y la educacion artistica. Beneficios que, ademas, se ven acentuados en el caso de las personas que forman parte de algun colectivo en riesgo de exclusion social, ya que el arte les supone un medio de expresion, de autoconocimiento, autodeterminacion y empoderamiento, un mecanismo de reivindicacion y, en definitiva, un arma politica y social. Ademas, se ha visto como la relacion con el arte les otorga reconocimiento y amplia los vinculos socio-afectivos a traves de la flexibilidad y la comprension de diferentes puntos de vista y la asociacion en diferentes grupos de pertenencia. Tambien permite que personas vulnerables a la exclusion social acaben formando parte de la sociedad que le reconoce su talento y valora su obra por encima de sus caracteristicas personales. Por lo tanto, se hace patente la importancia de que la educacion artistica forme parte del curriculo de Educacion Primaria como herramienta que favorece la inclusion educativa y social. EnglishThis article gathers the research that aims to study the impact of art in the construction of the identity of individuals and, specifically, of those who are located in groups at risk of social exclusion. To achieve this objective, an ethnographic investigation is followed through an in-depth semi-structured interview with artists belonging to different groups at risk of social exclusion. After carrying out this research, it has been possible to verify the benefits that art and art education really brings. Benefits that are accentuated in the case of people who are part of a group at risk of social exclusion, since art is a means of expression, self-knowledge, self-determination and empowerment, a mechanism of vindication and, in short, a political and social tool. In addition, it has been seen how the relationship with art gives them recognition and broadens socio-affective bonds through flexibility and understanding of different points of view and association in different groups of belonging. Furthermore, it allows people vulnerable to social exclusion to become part of the society that recognizes their talent and values ​​their work above their personal characteristics. Therefore, it becomes clear the importance of artistic education being part of the Primary Education curriculum as a tool that favors educational and social inclusion

The research results of studies into different peach varieties grown on the Black Sea coast of the Krasnodar Territory and distinguished by high biochemical characteristics are presented. The research was carried out to identify promising peach varieties with different ripening periods and relative resistance to abiotic environmental factors. This work aimed to assess the biochemical composition of Persica vulgaris (Mill.) fruits. The peach varieties listed below were the focus of this study. A high quantity of ascorbic acid (from 11.30 to 16.16 mg%) was revealed in the fruits of the following varieties: Amsden, Redhaven, Veteran, Early Red, Springold, Larisa, Lebedev, Mainred, Slavny and Stark Earley White. The low content of this vitamin (9.21-10.05 mg%) was measured in Madeleine Pouillet (very early ripening), Sunbeam (medium ripening) and Anton Chekhov (late ripening) varieties. This is significantly lower (on average 6.53 mg%) compared to other varieties and to the control Redhaven variety, for which the value was 2.38 mg%. The maximum content of total sugar (8.66-12.11 %) was detected for Lebedev, Earley Red, Redhaven, Larisa and Veteran, whereas the minimum content (6.15-7.33 %) was noted for Madeleine Pouillet, Amsden, Stark Earley White, Collins, Mainred, Anton Chekhov and Glorious. The free acidity of the fruit according to the experiment was at the level of 0.67–1.39 %. High acidity was noted in the Springold, Amsden, Collins, Sunbeam and Slavny varieties. The content of soluble solids ranged between 11.00-15.50 %. The sugar-acid ratio, which indicates the degree of sweetness of peach fruits, corresponded to 5.65-14.58 units. The tasting assessment of the fruit was between 3.5 to 4.8 (on a five-point scale). The varieties having high biochemical parameters of the fruit and are most resistant to weather and climate changes have been identified: Redhaven, Earley Red, Lebedev, Larisa and Veteran.

espanolEste articulo presenta una aproximacion al fenomeno de la desinformacion visual con la intencion de desarrollar una taxonomia que clasifique las tecnicas empleadas en la produccion de imagenes falsas en contenidos desinformativos relacionados con la aparicion y desarrollo de la pandemia del COVID-19. Partiendo de una muestra de 80 items de contenidos visuales desinformativos en relacion con la pandemia y sus consecuencias sociales, extraidos de paginas webs informativas, medios digitales y redes sociales. Se ha desarrollado sobre la muestra un proceso inductivo en cuatro fases: primeramente, una recogida y rastreo, seguido de la observacion e interpretacion de sus contenidos, para clasificarlos y obtener finalmente unas pautas comunes referenciales extrapolables. De este modo se busca establecer patrones vigentes que permitan catalogar las tecnicas y procesos de manipulacion fotografica. Como resultado se ha obtenido una propuesta de taxonomia a modo de mapa de las tacticas que mayoritariamente se han empleado para la desinformacion visual durante la pandemia. Se establecen tres segmentos clasificatorios primarios: manipulaciones ex ante, ex facto y ex post, haciendo alusion al periodo temporal en el que la alteracion de la fotografia (des)informativa tiene lugar. Finalmente, surge una segunda disposicion clasificatoria atendiendo a la tipologia exacta de la tecnica manipulativa empleada. En conclusion, queda patente el papel de la fotografia en la desinformacion que afecta a la crisis pandemica actual, poniendo de relieve los diversos caminos manipulativos que la imagen puede tomar. La propuesta pretende contribuir al anhelo de quienes, ante esta pandemia doble, la virica y la desinformativa, ven la oportunidad de reforzar una mas ferrea alfabetizacion mediatica. EnglishThis article presents an approach to the phenomenon of visual disinformation with the intention of developing a taxonomy that classifies the techniques used in the production of false images in disinformative content related to COVID-19. Based on a sample of 80 items of visual disinformative content related to the pandemic and its social consequences, extracted from informative websites, digital media and social networks. An inductive process has been developed on the sample in four phases: firstly, a collection and tracking, followed by the observation and interpretation of its contents, to classify them and finally obtain common referential patterns that can be extrapolated. In this way, we seek to establish current patterns that allow us to catalogue the techniques and processes of photographic manipulation. As a result, a taxonomy proposal has been obtained as a map of the tactics that have been mainly used for visual disinformation during the pandemic. Three primary classificatory segments are established: ex ante, ex facto and ex post manipulations, alluding to the time period in which the alteration of the (dis)informative photograph takes place. Finally, a second classificatory arrangement arises according to the exact typology of the manipulative technique employed. In conclusion, the role of photography in the disinformation that affects the current pandemic crisis is evident, highlighting the various manipulative paths that the image can take. The proposal aims to contribute to the desire of those who, in the face of this double pandemic, viral and disinformative, see the opportunity to reinforce a stronger media literacy.

espanolLa afectacion pulmonar en las enfermedades autoinmunes sistemicas es muy frecuente, pudiendo afectar a cualquier parte del sistema respiratorio, desde las vias respiratorias, el parenquima pulmonar y la pleura hasta la caja toracica. Cada una de las enfermedades se ven afectadas de diferentes maneras. Pueden ser causantes de gran morbimortalidad, por lo que, ante la sospecha, se debe comenzar con el estudio, que en su inicio consta de anamnesis y examen fisico, radiografia de torax, pruebas de funcion respiratoria y ecocardiograma. Segun los resultados se continuara con mas pruebas. Es importante la sospecha y el diagnostico precoz, asi como un manejo inicial. EnglishPulmonary involvement is very frequent in systemic autoimmune diseases. It can affect any part of the respiratory system, from the airways, lung parenchyma and the pleura up to the ribcage. Each of the diseases is affected in a different way. Pulmonary involvement can lead to high morbidity and mortality, so if it is suspected, a study should begin with a thorough clinical history and physical examination, chest x-ray, respiratory function testing and echocardiogram. Depending on the results, further testing may be required. The suspicion of pulmonary involvement and its early diagnosis are important, as is the initial management.

espanolLa educacion en Colombia tiene dificultades para satisfacer las necesidades de las comunidades indigenas y equilibrar los programas educativos con los requerimientos culturales de cada comunidad, los ninos indigenas se ven obligados a adaptarse a un sistema educativo no acorde con sus necesidades. Por ello el objetivo de este trabajo es identificar los saberes ancestrales de la cultura Embera Katio relacionados con el cuidado del medio ambiente y la relacion del indigena con la naturaleza. La metodologia del estudio se enmarca en el enfoque cualitativo, con un diseno etnografico, la recoleccion de informacion se realizo por entrevista semiestructurada y la observacion. Como conclusion principal se destaca que los Embera tiene una forma diferente de ver el mundo, con una cosmovision propia que incluyen creencias, practicas y costumbres tradicionales que definen su estructura como pueblo y sociedad, conciben a la tierra como madre por lo que tienen una relacion de respeto hacia ella, que es trasmitido a sus hijos por medio de los saberes espirituales y las practicas productivas tradicionales. EnglishEducation in Colombia has difficulties in meeting the needs of indigenous communities and balancing educational programs with the cultural requirements of each community. Indigenous children are forced to adapt to an educational system that is not in accordance with their needs. For this reason, the objective of this work is to identify the ancestral knowledge of the Embera Katio culture related to caring for the environment and the indigenous relationship with nature. The study methodology is framed in the qualitative approach, with an ethnographic design, the collection of information was carried out by semi-structured interview and observation. As a main conclusion, it is highlighted that the Embera have a different way of seeing the world, with their own worldview that includes beliefs, practices and traditional customs that define their structure as a people and society, they conceive of the earth as a mother, so they have a relationship of respect for her, which is transmitted to her children through spiritual knowledge and traditional productive practices.

Verrucous epidermal nevus (VEN) is a benign skin disease that seriously affects appearance. Numerous therapeutic methods have been tried with varying results. However, there are few reports on the treatment of VEN by photodynamic therapy (PDT). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and adverse effects of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA)-PDT in VEN treatment with a long-term follow-up. A total of 16 patients with VEN received ALA-PDT and were followed up for more than 1 year to observe the treatment effects, adverse reactions, and patients' satisfaction. Complete improvement of lesions was observed in 11 patients (three to six sessions of ALA-PDT). Two patients obtained 90-99% improvement (five sessions) and 50-89% improvement in three patients (three to six sessions). They were satisfied with the treatment effects, with an average satisfaction of 4.19/5 (±0.91). Long-term follow-up ranging 14-50 months showed a low recurrence rate (2/16) and no scar left after ALA-PDT. The results demonstrate that ALA-PDT is an effective and safe therapy in treating VEN with mild adverse reactions and a low risk of scar formation.

espanolEl COVID 19 y la consecuente politica de aislamiento adoptada por los paises del mundo tuvieron distintas repercusiones en la vida social. En el campo del teatro y las artes escenicas, existen dos modos de mirar el mismo evento: una mirada tecnofobica que proclama la naturaleza del teatro como una coexistencia efectiva entre actor y publico, reivindicando ese vinculo casi como estado auratico; y por otro lado, la mirada de quienes ven en esta situacion una posibilidad de explorar textualidades virtuales, es decir, una evolucion teatral ligada a la tecnologia. Los primeros sostienen que esta desmaterializacion del teatro provoca una perdida de sentido que socava su caracter social y los segundos, una alternativa poco explorada por la escena teatral, pero no para la performance o la poetica liminal. La obra que analizamos, La maldicion de la corona del grupo catalan La Fura Dels Baus, considera a la tecnologia inseparable de la evolucion social y por lo tanto teatral. De los pensamientos teatrales mas puristas anclados en la convivencia pasamos a la nocion de tecnoescena y la consecuente vida virtual de las obras artisticas. EnglishCOVID 19 and the consequent policy of isolation adopted by the countries of the world had different repercussions on social life. In the field of theatre and the performing arts, there are two ways of looking at the same event: a technophobic view that proclaims the nature of theatre as an effective coexistence between actor and audience, vindicating this link almost as an auratic state; and on the other hand, the view of those who see in this situation a possibility of exploring virtual textualities, that is, a theatrical evolution linked to technology. The former argue that this dematerialisation of theatre provokes a loss of meaning that undermines its social character, and the latter, an alternative that has been little explored by the theatre scene, but not for performance or liminal poetics. The work we are analysing, La maldicion de la corona by the Catalan group La Fura Dels Baus, considers technology inseparable from social and therefore theatrical evolution. From the most purist theatrical thoughts anchored in coexistence, we move on to the notion of technoscene and the consequent virtual life of artistic works.

EnglishThe reader of translations has gained increasing attention in Translation Studies in recent years, with more focused studies looking into the reception of translated works either through textual analysis of reviews (Zhao 2009, Bielsa 2013, D’Egidio 2015, Saldanha 2018) or the analysis of interviews and focus groups with real readers (Arnold 2016). The reception of works by anglophone readers, in particular, has raised interest among scholars who wish to understand the expectations and patterns of literary consumption by a hegemonic, central culture. This article explores how Galician writers Manuel Rivas and Domingo Villar’s work is perceived and re-constructed by ananglophone readership through an analysis of professional (press) reviews and semiprofessional (blog) reviews based on the homogenization-eterogenizationexoticismcontinuum posited by Saldanha (2018). galegoNos ultimos anos, os estudos de Traducion venen vendo un aumento no interese sobre o lectorado de traducions, presente en estudos centrados na recepcion de obras traducidas ben sexa a traves dunha analise textual de recensions (Zhao 2009, Bielsa 2013, D’Egidio 2015, Saldanha 2018) ou de estudos realizados a traves de entrevistas e grupos de lectura con lectores reais (Arnold 2016). En concreto, a recepcion de obra traducida no mundo anglofono ven xerando un interese particular entre academicos que buscan comprender as expectativas e os patrons de consumo literario no contexto dunha cultura central e hexemonica. Este artigo explora a recepcion das obras de Manuel Rivas e Domingo Villar no mundo anglofono e estuda como as recensions tanto profesionais (en prensa) como semiprofesionais (blogs) re-construena cultura galega segundo a nocion de continuo homoxenizacion-heteroxenizacion-exotismo formulada por Saldanha (2018).

EnglishThe reader of translations has gained increasing attention in Translation Studies in recent years, with more focused studies looking into the reception of translated works either through textual analysis of reviews (Zhao 2009, Bielsa 2013, D’Egidio 2015, Saldanha 2018) or the analysis of interviews and focus groups with real readers (Arnold 2016). The reception of works by anglophone readers, in particular, has raised interest among scholars who wish to understand the expectations and patterns of literary consumption by a hegemonic, central culture. This article explores how Galician writers Manuel Rivas and Domingo Villar’s work is perceived and re-constructed by an anglophone readership through an analysis of professional (press) reviews and semiprofessional (blog) reviews based on the homogenization- eterogenizationexoticismcontinuum posited by Saldanha (2018). galegoNos ultimos anos, os estudos de Traducion venen vendo un aumento no interese sobre o lectorado de traducions, presente en estudos centrados na recepcion de obras traducidas ben sexa a traves dunha analise textual de recensions (Zhao 2009, Bielsa 2013, D’Egidio 2015, Saldanha 2018) ou de estudos realizados a traves de entrevistas e grupos de lectura con lectores reais (Arnold 2016). En concreto, a recepcion de obra traducida no mundo anglofono ven xerando un interese particular entre academicos que buscan comprender as expectativas e os patrons de consumo literario no contexto dunha culturacentral e hexemonica. Este artigo explora a recepcion das obras de Manuel Rivas e Domingo Villar no mundo anglofono e estuda como as recensions tanto profesionais (en prensa) como semiprofesionais (blogs) re-construen a cultura galega segundo a nocion de continuo homoxenizacion-heteroxenizacion-exotismo formulada por Saldanha (2018).

The objective of the present study was co-delivery of venlafaxin (VEN) and doxycycline (DOX), a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor drug, for alleviating inflammation and neuropathy in diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). Bacterial cellulose nanofiber sheets (BCNS) were loaded with DOX and VEN and categorized by their loading efficiency, release profiles and ex vivo permeation throughrat skin. The optimized nanofibers were used in patients with DFU to compare with the standard wound care regimen during a 12-week trial. Wound area was measured every 2 weeks. Biochemical parameters and microscopic studies of the skin were examined prior and at the end of the treatment. The Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI) questionnaire was utilized to assess diabetic neuropathy. The optimum formulation showed loading efficiency of 37.8 ± 1.6% for DOX and 48 ± 1.9% for VEN. Rat skin permeation was 40% for DOX after 7–29 h and 83% for VEN during 105 h. Patients treated with BCNS showed no significant difference in their biochemical parameters before and after intervention. The ulcer size showed faster reduction after 12 weeks in the treatment group compared to the control group. The abnormal responses in the MNSI questionnaire decreased and pain-free walking distance increased significantly in the treatment group compared with the control group (p

espanolIntroduccion: Los pacientes con enfermedad renal cronica avanzada ven gravemente afectada su calidad de vida lo que a menudo puede implicar riesgo de muerte. Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto de la intervencion de enfermeria en el autocuidado de pacientes con enfermedad renal cronica avanzada de un hospital publico. Material y Metodo: Estudio pre experimental de corte longitudinal y prospectivo. La muestra incluyo a 60 pacientes en estadios 3b, 4 y 5 de la enfermedad renal cronica, a quienes se aplico 3 tipos de cuestionario previamente validados, antes y despues de la intervencion de enfermeria que consistio en tres sesiones educativas y asesoramiento en consulta externa. Las tres dimensiones que se tomaron para la investigacion fueron: conocimiento sobre la enfermedad, autocuidados y adherencia farmacologica. Para el analisis de datos, en conocimiento se utilizo la prueba de Wilcoxon; en autocuidados, la prueba T de Student, y la prueba de McNemar para medir la adherencia. Para el procesamiento de resultados se utilizo el software SPSS v.20. Resultados: Tras la intervencion, el conocimiento sobre autocuidado se incremento hasta un 71,7%, con relacion al momento pre-intervencion. Igualmente, el nivel de autocuidado aumento tras la intervencion a 72%. Respecto a los adherentes al tratamiento farmacologico, antes de la intervencion eran el 5%, posteriormente se incremento hasta el 65%. Conclusion: La intervencion de enfermeria basada en actividades educativas y de asesoramiento produce un impacto positivo en el autocuidado de pacientes con enfermedad renal cronica avanzada. EnglishIntroduction: Patients with advanced chronic kidney disease have a severely affected quality of life, which can often imply the risk of death. Objective: To evaluate the impact of the nursing intervention in the self-care of patients with advanced chronic kidney disease in a public hospital. Material and Methods: Pre-experimental longitudinal and prospective study. The sample included 60 patients with stages 3b, 4 and 5 of chronic kidney disease. Three types of previously validated questionnaires were applied before and after the nursing intervention, which consisted of three educational sessions and outpatient counseling. The three dimensions that were taken for the research were: knowledge about the disease, self-care and pharmacological adherence. For data analysis, the Wilcoxon test was used in knowledge; in self-care, the Student's t test, and the Mcnemar test to measure adherence.For the processing of results, the SPSS v.20 software was used.ce. SPSS v.20 software was used to process the results. Results: After the intervention, knowledge about self-care increased to 71.7%, in relation to the pre-intervention moment. Likewise, the level of self-care increased after the intervention to 72%. Regarding those people who showed adherence to pharmacological treatment, before the intervention they were 5%, and later the percentage increased to 65%. Conclusion: The nursing intervention based on educational and counseling activities produces a positive impact on the self-care of patients with advanced chronic kidney disease.

espanolLas espondiloartritis (EspA) afectan sobre todo al esqueleto axial y, en menor medida, a las articulaciones perifericas. La espondilitis anquilosante (EA) es el prototipo, caracterizado por la tendencia a anquilosis de las articulaciones sacroiliacas y la columna vertebral. El diagnostico y el tratamiento precoces son fundamentales para evitar complicaciones y la progresion de la enfermedad, asi como para mantener una buena calidad de vida en los pacientes. En su patogenia se ven implicados factores geneticos como el HLA-B27, el microbioma intestinal, las interleuquinas proinflamatorias y el estres mecanico. Clinicamente se caracteriza por dolor lumbar inflamatorio, entesitis, dactilitis y en ocasiones oligoartritis de miembros inferiores. Puede ir acompanado de manifestaciones extraarticulares como uveitis, psoriasis o enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal. Aunque no disponemos de criterios diagnosticos validados, los criterios ASAS-EULAR permiten una clasificacion precoz en distintas formas de EspA. Estan basados en la presencia de afectacion de articulaciones sacroiliacas, HLA-B27 y otras caracteristicas asociadas a las EspA. El tratamiento debe contemplar medidas farmacologicas y no farmacologicas. Es importante el ejercicio fisico y evitar el sobrepeso y el habito tabaquico. El tratamiento farmacologico se debe ajustar al tipo de afectacion e incluye el uso de AINE y terapias biologicas, fundamentalmente para las formas axiales. EnglishSpondyloarthritis (SpA) principally affects the axial skeleton and, to a lesser degree, the peripheral joints. Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is the prototype, characterised by the tendency to present ankylosis of the sacroiliac joints and the spine. Early treatment and diagnosis are essential to prevent complications and disease progress, as well as to retain good quality of life for the patients. Its pathogenesis involves genetic factors such as HLA-B27, the gut microbiome, pro-inflammatory interleukins and mechanical stress. Clinically, it is characterised by inflammatory lower back pain, enthesitis, dactylitis and sometimes oligoarthritis in the lower limbs. It can be accompanied by extra-articular conditions such as uveitis, psoriasis or inflammatory bowel disease. Although no validated diagnostic criteria are available, the Assessments in Ankylosing Spondylitis/European League Against Rheumatism (ASAS/EULAR) criteria permit early classification into different forms of SpA. They are based on the presence of sacroiliac joint affectation, HLA-B27 and other characteristics associated with SpA. Treatment should include both drug and non-drug interventions. Physical exercise and avoiding overweight and smoking are of great importance. Drug treatment must be adjusted to the type of condition, and must include using NSAIDs and biological therapy, fundamentally for the axial forms.

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, lockdowns and other government-imposed restrictions are happening worldwide. Based on the ongoing research project of Hale et al. (2021), Eritrea, Lebanon, Greece, Ven...

We used online secondary electrospray ionization mass spectrometry to measure venlafaxine (VEN), a nonvolatile drug, in the exhaled air of mice intraperitoneally treated with VEN. The breath pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of VEN was recorded, which was in good agreement with that of the blood. Combined with online collection of exhaled breath particles (EBPs), it was shown that VEN existed as part of EBPs rather than gas molecules in the breath. Linear free-energy relationship analysis confirmed that almost completely ionized VEN at physiological conditions unlikely partition from the lung lining fluid (LLF) into breath air. This implies that the occurrence of VEN in exhaled air accompanies the formation of EBPs from the LLF. By comparison with the low breath signals of VEN metabolites, passive membrane permeability and lung/blood partition coefficient are suggested as the main influencing factors for the levels of drugs in the breath. This study advances our knowledge on the mechanism by which nonvolatile drugs are transferred from blood into exhaled breath, providing guidance for breath test-based therapeutic drug monitoring.

espanolLa siguiente investigacion presenta los resultados de un estudio mixto de caracter exploratorio, cuyo objetivo es identificar si las caracteristicas del ejercicio periodistico se ven influidas por el enfoque de genero, en el contexto de los debates presidenciales chilenos. Como corpus de analisis, se utilizaron las transcripciones de siete debates presidenciales televisados, organizados por ANATEL (Asociacion Nacional de Television), emitidos entre los anos 1989 y 2017. A partir de un analisis de contenido realizado a 758 enunciados (emitidos por 13 periodistas mujeres y 22 hombres) y un analisis de comparacion constante, se pudo identificar que, al contrario de lo que describe la teoria, las periodistas se comportan de manera similar a sus pares masculinos, construyendo sus preguntas principalmente sobre tematicas hard news, enfocandolas en torno a la ejecucion y financiamiento de politicas publicas y respaldandolas con el uso de datos. Ademas, se observa que adoptan un rol civico-perro guardian, respondiendo a las expectativas tradicionales en torno al ejercicio del periodismo; en cambio, los hombres adoptan un rol civico-antagonico. Se concluye que los debates, al ser una instancia neutral con reglas preestablecidas, disminuye la inequidad y desigualdades entre periodistas segun su genero, reduciendo las barreras existentes en las salas de redaccion. EnglishThe following research presents the results of a mixed exploratory study, whose objective is to identify if the characteristics of the journalistic exercise are influenced by the gender approach, in the context of the presidential debates carried out in Chile. As a corpus of analysis, the transcripts of seven televised presidential debates, organized by ANATEL (National Television Association) and broadcast between 1989 and 2017, were used.Based on a content analysis of 758 statements (broadcast by 13 female and 22 male journalists) and constant comparison analysis, it was possible to identify the following: contrary to what the theory des-cribes, female journalists behave similarly to their male peers, constructing their questions mainly on challenging news topics, focusing them on the execution and financing of public policies, and supporting them with the use of data. Also, they adopt a civic-guard dog role, responding to traditional expectations regarding the exercise of journalism; in contrast, men assume a civic-antagonistic role. In conclusion, the debates, being a neutral instance with pre-established rules, diminish the inequity and inequalities among journalists according to their gender, reducing the existing barriers in the newsrooms.

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to investigate the value of the frontal QRS-T angle (f(QRS-T)) in determining blood pressure control among newly diagnosed hypertensive patients with no left ven...

La inmersión de la sociedad en la era digital ha provocado transformaciones irrefrenables como la conectividad continua, el big data o la inteligencia artificial, que implican una mediatización tecnológica de todas las interacciones humanas y que requiere una formación en competencias específicas. El objetivo principal del estudio se centró en realizar un análisis comparativo internacional en dos países con contextos diferentes: España y Costa Rica, para demostrar que la globalización de las TIC y la conectividad han hecho que el profesorado sea piedra angular en el desarrollo de competencias digitales como garantía para la reducción de las brechas digitales por uso y no por acceso. Con una metodología cuantitativa de carácter descriptivo correlacional se analizaron cinco constructos de estudio en una muestra de 126 docentes procedentes de ambos países. Los resultados evidencian que pese a las diferencias políticas, sociales y educativas de cada país la percepción de los docentes no es tan diferente. La conclusión principal es que los docentes en ambos países se sienten seguros de sus capacidades digitales, están motivados, entienden que el sistema educativo no responde a las necesidades actuales y ven necesaria una inclusión curricular específica de la materia. Teacher’s Digital Competence for Reducing Digital Divide: Comparative Study Between Spain and Costa Rica The immersion of society in the digital age has caused unstoppable transformations such as continuous connectivity, big data or artificial intelligence, which imply a technological mediation in all human interactions and which require training in specific skills. The main objective of the study focuses on conducting an international comparative analysis between two countries within different contexts, Spain and Costa Rica, to demonstrate that the globalization of ICT and connectivity have made teachers a cornerstone in the development of digital skills as they are a guarantee for the reduction of the digital gap in the use and not in the access. Using a quantitative methodology of descriptive-correlational character, five study constructs were analyzed in a sample of 126 teachers from both countries. The results show that despite the political, social and educational differences in each country, the perception of teachers is not so different. The main conclusion is that teachers in both countries feel confident in their digital skills, are motivated, understand that the educational system does not respond to current needs, and they feel that a specific curricular inclusion of the subject is needed in formal education. Palabras clave: competencia digital, brecha digital, profesorado, TIC, formación, educación. Key words: digital competence, digital divide, teachers, ICT, training, education.

espanolLos laboratorios dedicados a la produccion in vitro de plantas ven afectado su trabajo, debido a la aparicion de contaminantes fungicos o bacterias en los explantes, situacion asociada a la presencia de plagas artropodas como los acaros. Objetivo. Identificar las principales especies de acaros y la asociacion de estos organismos con contaminantes, como los hongos en diferentes laboratorios comerciales de cultivo de tejidos vegetales en el Valle Central de Costa Rica. Materiales y metodos. Muestras de vitro plantas, provenientes de diversos laboratorios, con problemas de contaminacion, causados por acaros fueron llevados al Laboratorio de Acarologia de la Universidad de Costa Rica para la respectiva identificacion de los acaros y los hongos asociados a estos artropodos. Se comprobo la presencia de los acaros en los explantes y se identificaron con la ayuda de las claves taxonomicas respectivas. Los hongos asociados con los acaros se aislaron en medio de cultivo PDA y se identificaron con ayuda de claves taxonomicas especializadas. Resultados. Los acaros encontrados fueron identificados como Siteroptes reniformis, Tyrophagus putrescentiae, Tarsonemus bilobatus y T. fusarii. Se encontro como principal especie a T. putrescentiae (76% de las muestras analizadas). Los hongos Mucor sp., Penicillium sp., Leptosphaerulina sp. y Cladosporium sp. se hallaron asociados con el acaro T. putrescentiae, mientras que Nigrospora oryzae fue el unico hongo relacionado con el acaro S. reniformis. Conclusiones. Los acaros estan asociados con uno o varios hongos segun la especie encontrada. Todas las especies de acaros tienen la capacidad de diseminar las hifas o esporas de los hongos, ya sea acarreandolas sobre la superficie de su cuerpo o por medio de estructuras especializadas. Un aumento en los niveles de contaminacion de los explantes cultivados in vitro, podria estar asociado con la presencia de acaros. EnglishLaboratories dedicated to the in vitro production of plants experienced an affectation in their work, due to the presence of fungal contaminants or bacteria on the explants, a situation associated with the presence of arthropod pests such as mites. Objective. To identify the major species of mites and the association of these organisms with contaminants such as fungi in different commercial plant tissue culture laboratories in the Central Valley of Costa Rica. Materials and methods. Vitro plant samples, from various laboratories, with contamination problems caused by mites were taken to the Acarology Laboratory of the University of Costa Rica, for the respective identification of the mites and fungi associated with these arthropods. The presence of mites on the explants was verified and they were identified with the respective taxonomic keys. Fungi associated with the mites were isolated in PDA culture medium and identified with the help of specialized taxonomic keys. Results. Mites found were identified as Siteroptes reniformis, Tyrophagus putrescentiae, Tarsonemus bilobatus and T. fusarii. Tyrophagus putrescentiae was the major contaminant species (76% of the analyzed samples). Fungi Mucor sp., Penicillium sp., Leptosphaerulina sp., and Cladosporium sp., were linked to the species T. putrescentiae, whereas Nigrospora oryzae was the only fungus found with S. reniformis. Conclusions. Mites are associated with one or more fungi depending on the species found. All mite species have the ability to spread fungal hyphae or spores, either by carrying them onto the surface of their body or through specialized structures. An increase in the levels of contamination of the in vitro cultured explants could be associated with the presence of mites.

espanolMediante el analisis de la obra Mildred Pierce en sus tres formatos: novela (1941), pelicula (1945) y serie (2011), nos adentramos en el estudio del personaje protagonista, que tras la crisis de 1929 se separa de su marido iniciando una etapa de independencia profesional y personal, alejada de los canones que la sociedad de esa epoca imponia a la mujer. Para ello, entre los objetivos nos planteamos discernir si las caracteristicas de dicho personaje y los arquetipos en los que podria enmarcarse se ven afectados por el momento en que se realiza cada una de las obras analizadas, para concluir, tal como lo hacen determinadas academicas feministas, que la adaptacion al cine presenta un enfoque mas estereotipado, que parece castigar con su dramatico desenlace las aspiraciones de la protagonista. Investigamos tambien el arco de transformacion de Mildred Pierce y descubrimos un personaje complejo, vigente en la actualidad, que evoluciona en los tres trabajos considerados y que, basandose fundamentalmente en dos arquetipos («Madre/Reina» y «Creador»), exhibe una personalidad poliedrica, creible y que permite nuestra empatia. EnglishBy analyzing the work Mildred Pierce in its three formats: novel (1941), film (1945) and series (2011), we entered the study of the main character, who after the crisis of 1929 separated from her husband, initiating a stage of professional and personal independence, far from the standards that society of that time imposed on women. To do this, among the objectives we propose to discern whether the characteristics of this character and the archetypes in which he could be framed are affected by the moment in which each of the works analyzed is carried out, to conclude, as certain feminist scholars do, that the adaptation to the cinema presents a more stereotyped approach, which seems to punish with its dramatic outcome the aspirations of the protagonist. We also investigate the transformation arc of Mildred Pierce and discovered a complex character, currently in force, who evolves in the three works considered and who, fundamentally based on two archetypes ("Mother / Queen" and "Creator"), exhibits a multifaceted personality, credible and that allows our empathy.

espanolLas imagenes de la Anunciacion de los siglos XIV y XV a menudo incluyen en su escena una cama con evidente prominencia, lo que nos permite conjeturar que este mueble contiene algun simbolismo de particular relevancia. Dado un detalle tan inusual, este articulo busca interpretar los posibles significados doctrinales que podria contener esta cama. En este sentido, doce Anunciaciones de este periodo que incluyen una cama se analizan primero con una interpretacion personal que se opone a algunas “interpretaciones” inadecuadas propuestas por otros autores modernos. Intentaremos justificar nuestras interpretaciones basadas en un abundante corpus de textos a traves del cual muchos Padres y teologos latinos ven el concepto del talamo como dos metaforas complementarias: una metafora de la encarnacion del Hijo de Dios en el vientre de Maria, y tambien una metafora de la maternidad divina virgen de Maria. EnglishThe images of the Annunciation of the 14th and 15th centuries often include in their scene a bed with evident prominence, which allows us to conjecture that this piece of furniture contains some symbolism of particular relevance. Given such unusual detail, this article seeks to interpret the possible doctrinal meanings that this bed could provide. In this sense, twelve Annunciations of this period, which include a bed, are analyzed first with a personal interpretation that stands against some inadequate “interpretations” proposed by other modern authors. We will try to justify our interpretations based on an abundant corpus of texts through which many Latin Fathers and theologians see the thalamus concept as two complementary metaphors: a metaphor of God the Son’s incarnation in Mary’s womb, and also a metaphor of Mary’s virgin divine motherhood.

espanolEl objetivo del presente estudio es determinar la relacion entre el capital social (bonding y bridging) y los resultados de los grupos de investigacion, desarrollo tecnologico e innovacion de las instituciones de educacion superior (IES) en el Departamento del Atlantico, Colombia. Se analizo la literatura existente (Scielo, Scopus, Elsevier y Emerald) entre el ano 2010 y 2020. Se compararon los referentes bibliograficos de capital social con los indicadores del perfil de colaboracion de los grupos de investigacion categorizados por el Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnologia del Departamento del Atlantico. Los principales hallazgos destacan que las relaciones que los investigadores establecen, permiten generar valor institucional porque promueven el aprendizaje y responden a necesidades del entono. Se concluye que siendo las IES generadoras de nuevo conocimiento, parte de sus resultados se ven representados por la relacion interna y externa de los grupos de investigacion, los cuales facilitan y fortalecen el trabajo en la medida que establecen conexiones de cohesion y cooperacion. EnglishThe objective of the present study is to determine the relationship between social capital (bonding and bridging) and results published by research, technological development, and innovation groups at higher education institutions (HEIs) from the state of Atlantico, Colombia. A literature review (Scielo, Scopus, Elsevier, and Emerald) between the years 2010 and 2020 is performed. Social capital references are compared to collaboration profile indicators for research groups ranked by the Ministry of Science and Technology from the state of Atlantico. The results show and highlight that the relationships that researchers establish allow generating institutional value since they promote learning and respond to surrounding needs. It is concluded that as HEIs generate new knowledge, a part of this can be seen represented by their research groups’ internal and external relationships, which facilitates and strengthens their work as they establish cohesive and collaborative connections.

Our rituals for training, supervision and competence assessment which once relied on in‐person interaction are rapidly becoming influenced by the digital creativity which surrounds them Our training models have to be diverse and considerate of the multiple contextual shifts with which systemic practitioners are contending, and the current context is complex for student, supervisor and families alike The aim of this paper is to consider how digital practices might reshape our systemic training, supervision and competence evaluation, considering issues for student and trainer as they move to digital delivery of training and supervision This paper explores the historical context of online learning, enhancing online presence, and the ethical and practical implications of teaching and supervising digitally It concludes with a discussion about how competence frameworks are influenced by the shift to digital practice and suggests digital skills required for systemic practice going forward Practitioner Points: Consider how digital practices might reshape your systemic training delivery, with attention to enhancing online presence Pay particular consideration in live supervision to trainee's skills in attentiveness and attunement to family and couple interactions and emotional responses Consider the differing processes of competence evaluation online and the need to attend to specific digital skills (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Resumen: Nuestros rituales de formacion, supervision y evaluacion de competencias, que antes dependian de la interaccion en persona, estan siendo rapidamente influenciados por la creatividad digital que los rodea Nuestros modelos de formacion tienen que ser diversos y tener en cuenta los multiples cambios contextuales con los que se enfrentan los profesionales sistemicos y el contexto actual es complejo para el estudiante, el supervisor y las familias por igual El objetivo de este articulo es considerar como las practicas digitales podrian remodelar nuestra formacion sistemica, supervision y evaluacion de competencias, considerando problemas para estudiantes y formadores a medida que avanzan hacia la integracion digital en capacitacion y supervision Este articulo explora el contexto historico del aprendizaje on‐line, mejorando la presencia on‐line y las implicaciones eticas y practicas de ensenar y supervisar digitalmente Concluye con una discusion sobre como los marcos de competencias se ven influenciados por el cambio a la practica digital y sugiere las habilidades digitales necesarias para la practica sistemica en el futuro Puntos de implicacion practica: Considere como las practicas digitales podrian remodelar su capacitacion sistemica, prestando atencion a mejorar la presencia on‐line Preste especial atencion en la supervision en vivo a las habilidades del alumno en cuanto a atencion y sintonia con las interacciones familiares y de pareja y las respuestas emocionales Considere los diferentes procesos de evaluacion de competencias on‐line y la necesidad de atender a habilidades digitales especificas (Spanish) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] 摘要: 我们的培训、督导和能力评估仪式曾经依赖于面对面互动，而现在正迅速受到与之相关的数字创新的影响。我们的培训模式必须多样化，并考虑到系统从业者正在努力应对的多样的背景变化，而当前的背景对于学生、督导和家庭都是一样复杂的。本文的目的是考虑数字化实践如何重塑我们系统的培训、督导和能力评估，思考学生和培训者转向数字化培训和督导时面临的问题。本文探讨了线上学习的历史背景，加强线上参与，以及数字化教学和督导的伦理和实践意义。最后讨论了向数字化实践的转变对能力框架的影响，并提出了系统性实践所需的数字化技能。 对从业者的启示: 考虑数字化实践可能如何重塑您的系统培训，并注意增强线上参与。在线上督导中，特别注意受训者对家庭和夫妻互动以及情绪反应的关注和调谐能力。考虑线上能力评估的不同过程以及关注特定数字技能的需要。 (Chinese) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journal of Family Therapy is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use This abstract may be abridged No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract (Copyright applies to all Abstracts )

espanolEl articulo plantea una reflexion critica e historica, de la relacion entre el Estado, la sociedad y la ciudadania, a traves de la nocion de necropolitica partiendo de la epoca colonial; retomando la analitica foucaultiana basada en el biopoder, para exponer nuevas formas de dominacion y sumision postcoloniales, aterrizando al Mexico contemporaneo. En concreto, nos referiremos al sector de la sociedad mexicana que vive en estado precario y en un entorno en donde diversas formas de violencia son practicadas, para resistir a la muerte y para sobrevivir en “mundos de muerte”. El contexto sobre el que se aterrizaran las reflexiones, se ven agudizadas por el capitalismo global, la creciente complejidad y la disputa por el poder en los ordenes global, local y nacional. EnglishThis article is a critical and historical reflection of the relationship between State, society and citizenship, through the notion of necropolitics starting from the colonial era; we recover the foucaultian analytics based on biopower concept to expose new forms of postcolonial domination and submission, focused on Mexico. In particular, we will refer to the Mexican society sector, which lives in precarious state and in an environment, where different forms of violence are practiced, to resist death and to survive in "worlds of death." The context, in which we bring our reflections are exacerbated by global capitalism, the growing complexity and the struggle for power in the global, local and national orders.

Policymakers in developing countries are looking for effective and efficient ways to control hiking expenditure on medicines. This article shows the effectiveness of the ABC-VEN method to improve efficiency in resource use with data from Mwananyamala hospital in Tanzania. We used expenditure data for 233 medicines worth 909.9 million Tsh (392,386.4 USD) bought in the year 2018/2019. Data were extracted from the electronic system, receipts, and other relevant documents. Medicines were categorized according to their contribution to the total medicine expenditure (ABC) and their importance to the functioning of the hospital (VEN). 39 (17%) medicines belong to group A and 134 (57%) to C, which accounted for 70% and 10% of the total medicine expenditure, respectively. 15%, 78%, and 7% of the medicines belong to the Vital, Essential, and Non-essential groups, respectively. 65 medicines (28%) that accounted for 73% of the total medicine expenditure were in group I that requires stringent control. 4 high-cost non-essential medicines and 20 low-cost vital medicines accounted for 7% and 1% of the total medicine expenditure, respectively. Efficiency can be improved through rational prescribing and substituting high-cost non-essential with low-cost vital medicines.