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3,163 results on '"Vellas, Bruno"'

4. Intrinsic Capacity

Author

Takeda, Catherine, Barreto, Philippe De Souto, Vellas, Bruno, Ruiz, Jorge G., editor, and Theou, Olga, editor

Published
2024
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10. A Smart Insole to Promote Healthy Aging for Frail Elderly Individuals: Specifications, Design, and Preliminary Results

Author

Piau, Antoine, Charlon, Yoann, Campo, Eric, Vellas, Bruno, and Nourhashemi, Fati

Subjects
Medical technology, R855-855.5
Abstract

BackgroundOlder individuals frequently experience reversible “frailty syndrome,”, increasing incidence of disability. Although physical exercise interventions may delay functional decline, there are difficulties in implementing them and performing seamless follow-up at home. Very few technological solutions attempt to address this challenge and improve individual participation. ObjectiveOur objectives are to (1) develop a technological solution designed to support active aging of frail older persons, (2) conduct a first laboratory evaluation of the device, and (3) design a multidimensional clinical trial to validate our solution. MethodsWe conducted a first phase of multidisciplinary meetings to identify real end users and health professional’s unmet needs, and to produce specifications for the architecture of the solution. In a second phase, we performed laboratory tests of the first proposed prototype (a smart insole) with 3 healthy volunteers. We then designed an ongoing clinical trial to finalize the multidimensional evaluation and improvement of the solution. ResultsTo respond to the needs expressed by the stakeholders (frailty monitoring and adherence improvement), we developed a prototype of smart shoe insole to monitor key parameters of frailty during daily life and promote walking. It is a noninvasive wireless insole, which automatically measures gait parameters and transmits information to a remote terminal via a secure Internet connection. To ensure the solution’s autonomy and transparency, we developed an original energy harvesting system, which transforms mechanical energy produced by the user’s walking movement into electrical energy. The first laboratory tests of this technological solution showed good reliability measures and also a good acceptability for the users. We have planned an original iterative medical research protocol to validate our solution in real life. ConclusionsOur smart insole could support preventive strategies against disability in primary care by empowering the older patients without increasing the busy health professional’s workload. Trial RegistrationClinicaltrials.gov NCT02316600; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?term=NCT02316600&Search=Search. Accessed: 2015-05-13 . (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6YUTkObrQ).

Published
2015
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11. Results and insights from a phase I clinical trial of Lomecel‐B for Alzheimer's disease

Author

Brody, Mark, Agronin, Marc, Herskowitz, Brad J, Bookheimer, Susan Y, Small, Gary W, Hitchinson, Benjamin, Ramdas, Kevin, Wishard, Tyler, McInerney, Katalina Fernández, Vellas, Bruno, Sierra, Felipe, Jiang, Zhijie, Mcclain‐Moss, Lisa, Perez, Carmen, Fuquay, Ana, Rodriguez, Savannah, Hare, Joshua M, Oliva, Anthony A, and Baumel, Bernard

Subjects
Aging, Clinical Research, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Brain Disorders, Neurodegenerative, Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD), Neurosciences, Alzheimer's Disease, Dementia, Acquired Cognitive Impairment, Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, 6.1 Pharmaceuticals, Neurological, Humans, Alzheimer Disease, Treatment Outcome, Double-Blind Method, Biomarkers, Alzheimer disease, anti-inflammatory agents, biological therapy, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell, clinical trial, cytokines, hippocampus, human bone marrow, inflammation, inflammation mediators, interleukins, Lomecel-B, medicinal signaling cell, mesenchymal stem cell, mesenchymal stromal cell, multipotent stem cells, neuroimaging, neuroinflammatory diseases, randomized controlled trial, regenerative medicine, vascular, vascular endothelial cell growth factor, Clinical Sciences, Geriatrics
Abstract

HypothesisWe hypothesized that Lomecel-B, an allogeneic medicinal signaling cell (MSC) therapeutic candidate for Alzheimer's disease (AD), is safe and potentially disease-modifying via pleiotropic mechanisms of action.Key predictionsWe prospectively tested the predictions that Lomecel-B administration to mild AD patients is safe (primary endpoint) and would provide multiple exploratory indications of potential efficacy in clinical and biomarker domains (prespecified secondary/exploratory endpoints).Strategy and key resultsMild AD patient received a single infusion of low- or high-dose Lomecel-B, or placebo, in a double-blind, randomized, phase I trial. The primary safety endpoint was met. Fluid-based and imaging biomarkers indicated significant improvement in the Lomecel-B arms versus placebo. The low-dose Lomecel-B arm showed significant improvements versus placebo on neurocognitive and other assessments.InterpretationOur results support the safety of Lomecel-B for AD, suggest clinical potential, and provide mechanistic insights. This early-stage study provides important exploratory information for larger efficacy-powered clinical trials.

Published
2023

12. Associations of erythrocyte omega-3 fatty acids with cognition, brain imaging and biomarkers in the Alzheimer’s disease neuroimaging initiative: cross-sectional and longitudinal retrospective analyses

Author

Rouch, Laure, Giudici, Kelly Virecoulon, Cantet, Christelle, Guyonnet, Sophie, Delrieu, Julien, Legrand, Philippe, Catheline, Daniel, Andrieu, Sandrine, Weiner, Michael, de Souto Barreto, Philipe, Vellas, Bruno, and Initiative, for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics, Clinical Sciences, Brain Disorders, Mental Health, Alzheimer's Disease, Dementia, Neurosciences, Aging, Clinical Research, Neurodegenerative, Behavioral and Social Science, Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD), Acquired Cognitive Impairment, Biomedical Imaging, Mental health, Neurological, Good Health and Well Being, Female, Humans, Aged, Male, Alzheimer Disease, Cross-Sectional Studies, Apolipoprotein E4, Retrospective Studies, Neuroimaging, Amyloid beta-Peptides, Cognition, Brain, Cognitive Dysfunction, Biomarkers, Positron-Emission Tomography, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Erythrocytes, omega-3, cognition, brain imaging, biomarkers, Alzheimer disease, mild cognitive impairment, docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Engineering, Medical and Health Sciences, Nutrition & Dietetics, Clinical sciences, Nutrition and dietetics
Abstract

BackgroundThe association between omega-3 (ω-3) PUFAs and cognition, brain imaging and biomarkers is still not fully established.ObjectivesThe aim was to analyze the cross-sectional and retrospective longitudinal associations between erythrocyte ω-3 index and cognition, brain imaging, and biomarkers among older adults.MethodsA total of 832 Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative 3 (ADNI-3) participants, with a mean (SD) age of 74.0 (7.9) y, 50.8% female, 55.9% cognitively normal, 32.7% with mild cognitive impairment, and 11.4% with Alzheimer disease (AD) were included. A low ω-3 index (%EPA + %DHA) was defined as the lowest quartile (≤3.70%). Cognitive tests [composite score, AD Assessment Scale Cognitive (ADAS-Cog), Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS), Trail Making Test, Category Fluency, Mini-Mental State Examination, Montreal Cognitive Assessment] and brain variables [hippocampal volume, white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), positron emission tomography (PET) amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau] were considered as outcomes in regression models.ResultsLow ω-3 index was not associated with cognition, hippocampal, and WMH volume or brain Aβ and tau after adjustment for demographics, ApoEε4, cardiovascular disease, BMI, and total intracranial volume in the cross-sectional analysis. In the retrospective analysis, low ω-3 index was associated with greater Aβ accumulation (adjusted β = 0.02; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.03; P = 0.003). The composite cognitive score did not differ between groups; however, low ω-3 index was significantly associated with greater WMS-delayed recall cognitive decline (adjusted β = -1.18; 95% CI: -2.16, -0.19; P = 0.019), but unexpectedly lower total ADAS-Cog cognitive decline. Low ω-3 index was cross-sectionally associated with lower WMS performance (adjusted β = -1.81, SE = 0.73, P = 0.014) and higher tau accumulation among ApoE ε4 carriers.ConclusionsLongitudinally, low ω-3 index was associated with greater Aβ accumulation and WMS cognitive decline but unexpectedly with lower total ADAS-Cog cognitive decline. Although no associations were cross-sectionally found in the whole population, low ω-3 index was associated with lower WMS cognition and higher tau accumulation among ApoE ε4 carriers. The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00106899.

Published
2022

14. Challenges in developing Geroscience trials

Author

Rolland, Yves, Sierra, Felipe, Ferrucci, Luigi, Barzilai, Nir, De Cabo, Rafael, Mannick, Joan, Oliva, Anthony, Evans, William, Angioni, Davide, De Souto Barreto, Philipe, Raffin, Jeremy, Vellas, Bruno, and Kirkland, James L.

Published
2023
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15. Recruitment of pre-dementia participants: main enrollment barriers in a longitudinal amyloid-PET study

Author

Bader, Ilse, Bader, Ilona, Lopes Alves, Isadora, Vállez García, David, Vellas, Bruno, Dubois, Bruno, Boada, Mercè, Marquié, Marta, Altomare, Daniele, Scheltens, Philip, Vandenberghe, Rik, Hanseeuw, Bernard, Schöll, Michael, Frisoni, Giovanni B., Jessen, Frank, Nordberg, Agneta, Kivipelto, Miia, Ritchie, Craig W., Grau-Rivera, Oriol, Molinuevo, José Luis, Ford, Lisa, Stephens, Andrew, Gismondi, Rossella, Gispert, Juan Domingo, Farrar, Gill, Barkhof, Frederik, Visser, Pieter Jelle, and Collij, Lyduine E.

Published
2023
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22. A 1‐year randomized controlled trial of a nutritional blend to improve nutritional biomarkers and prevent cognitive decline among community‐dwelling older adults: The Nolan Study

Author

Giudici, Kelly V, Guyonnet, Sophie, Cantet, Christelle, Barreto, Philipe Souto, Weiner, Michael W, Tosun, Duygu, Boschat, Corina, Hudry, Julie, Andrieu, Sandrine, Vellas, Bruno, Schmitt, Jeroen AJ, and group, for the Nolan DSA

Subjects
Biological Psychology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Psychology, Prevention, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Aging, Behavioral and Social Science, Nutrition, Neurosciences, Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD), Brain Disorders, Clinical Research, Acquired Cognitive Impairment, Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, 6.1 Pharmaceuticals, clinical trials, cognition, homocysteine, nutrition, older adults, omega-3, Nolan/DSA group, omega‐3, Clinical sciences, Biological psychology
Abstract

IntroductionThis study aimed to test the efficacy of a nutritional blend (NB) in improving nutritional biomarkers and preventing cognitive decline among older adults.MethodsA 1-year randomized, double-blind, multicenter, placebo-controlled trial with 362 adults (58.6% female, mean 78.3 years, SD = 4.8) receiving an NB or placebo. Erythrocyte ω-3 index and homocysteine concentrations were primary outcomes. Other outcomes included Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Applied Cognition-Abilities, composite cognitive score (CCS), Cognitive Function Instrument (CFI) self-assessment and study partner, hippocampal volume (HV), and Alzheimer's disease signature cortical thickness (CT).ResultsA total of 305 subjects completed the follow-up. Supplementation increased ω-3 index and decreased homocysteine, but did not affect CCS, CFI self-assessment, HV, and CT. Placebo improved and treatment did not change PROMIS at 1 month. Intervention showed a positive effect on CFI study partner.DiscussionAlthough improving nutritional biomarkers, this 1-year trial with a multi-nutrient novel approach was not able to show effects on cognitive outcomes among older adults.

Published
2022

27. The reliability of a deep learning model in clinical out-of-distribution MRI data: a multicohort study

Author

Mårtensson, Gustav, Ferreira, Daniel, Granberg, Tobias, Cavallin, Lena, Oppedal, Ketil, Padovani, Alessandro, Rektorova, Irena, Bonanni, Laura, Pardini, Matteo, Kramberger, Milica, Taylor, John-Paul, Hort, Jakub, Snædal, Jón, Kulisevsky, Jaime, Blanc, Frederic, Antonini, Angelo, Mecocci, Patrizia, Vellas, Bruno, Tsolaki, Magda, Kłoszewska, Iwona, Soininen, Hilkka, Lovestone, Simon, Simmons, Andrew, Aarsland, Dag, and Westman, Eric

Subjects
Physics - Medical Physics, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing, Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods, Statistics - Machine Learning
Abstract

Deep learning (DL) methods have in recent years yielded impressive results in medical imaging, with the potential to function as clinical aid to radiologists. However, DL models in medical imaging are often trained on public research cohorts with images acquired with a single scanner or with strict protocol harmonization, which is not representative of a clinical setting. The aim of this study was to investigate how well a DL model performs in unseen clinical data sets---collected with different scanners, protocols and disease populations---and whether more heterogeneous training data improves generalization. In total, 3117 MRI scans of brains from multiple dementia research cohorts and memory clinics, that had been visually rated by a neuroradiologist according to Scheltens' scale of medial temporal atrophy (MTA), were included in this study. By training multiple versions of a convolutional neural network on different subsets of this data to predict MTA ratings, we assessed the impact of including images from a wider distribution during training had on performance in external memory clinic data. Our results showed that our model generalized well to data sets acquired with similar protocols as the training data, but substantially worse in clinical cohorts with visibly different tissue contrasts in the images. This implies that future DL studies investigating performance in out-of-distribution (OOD) MRI data need to assess multiple external cohorts for reliable results. Further, by including data from a wider range of scanners and protocols the performance improved in OOD data, which suggests that more heterogeneous training data makes the model generalize better. To conclude, this is the most comprehensive study to date investigating the domain shift in deep learning on MRI data, and we advocate rigorous evaluation of DL models on clinical data prior to being certified for deployment., Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures

Published
2019
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29. Neural correlates of episodic memory in the Memento cohort

Author

Epelbaum, Stéphane, Bouteloup, Vincent, Mangin, Jean, La Corte, Valentina, Migliaccio, Raffaela, Bertin, Hugo, Habert, Marie O., Fischer, Clara, Azouani, Chabha, Fillon, Ludovic, Chupin, Marie, Vellas, Bruno, Pasquier, Florence, Dartigues, Jean, Blanc, Frédéric, Gabelle, Audrey, Ceccaldi, Mathieu, Krolak-Salmon, Pierre, Hugon, Jacques, Hanon, Olivier, Rouaud, Olivier, David, Renaud, Chêne, Geneviève, Dubois, Bruno, and Dufouil, Carole

Subjects
Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition
Abstract

IntroductionThe free and cued selective reminding test is used to identify memory deficits in mild cognitive impairment and demented patients. It allows assessing three processes: encoding, storage, and recollection of verbal episodic memory.MethodsWe investigated the neural correlates of these three memory processes in a large cohort study. The Memento cohort enrolled 2323 outpatients presenting either with subjective cognitive decline or mild cognitive impairment who underwent cognitive, structural MRI and, for a subset, fluorodeoxyglucose--positron emission tomography evaluations.ResultsEncoding was associated with a network including parietal and temporal cortices; storage was mainly associated with entorhinal and parahippocampal regions, bilaterally; retrieval was associated with a widespread network encompassing frontal regions.DiscussionThe neural correlates of episodic memory processes can be assessed in large and standardized cohorts of patients at risk for Alzheimer's disease. Their relation to pathophysiological markers of Alzheimer's disease remains to be studied.

Published
2018
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32. Plasma level of ATPase inhibitory factor 1 (IF1) is associated with type 2 diabetes risk in humans: A prospective cohort study

Author

Pires Da Silva, Julie, Wargny, Matthieu, Raffin, Jérémy, Croyal, Mikaël, Duparc, Thibaut, Combes, Guillaume, Genoux, Annelise, Perret, Bertrand, Vellas, Bruno, Guyonnet, Sophie, Thalamas, Claire, Langin, Dominique, Moro, Cédric, Viguerie, Nathalie, Rolland, Yves, Barreto, Philipe de Souto, Cariou, Bertrand, and Martinez, Laurent O.

Published
2023
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35. Common brain disorders are associated with heritable patterns of apparent aging of the brain

Author

Kaufmann, Tobias, van der Meer, Dennis, Doan, Nhat Trung, Schwarz, Emanuel, Lund, Martina J, Agartz, Ingrid, Alnæs, Dag, Barch, Deanna M, Baur-Streubel, Ramona, Bertolino, Alessandro, Bettella, Francesco, Beyer, Mona K, Bøen, Erlend, Borgwardt, Stefan, Brandt, Christine L, Buitelaar, Jan, Celius, Elisabeth G, Cervenka, Simon, Conzelmann, Annette, Córdova-Palomera, Aldo, Dale, Anders M, de Quervain, Dominique JF, Di Carlo, Pasquale, Djurovic, Srdjan, Dørum, Erlend S, Eisenacher, Sarah, Elvsåshagen, Torbjørn, Espeseth, Thomas, Fatouros-Bergman, Helena, Flyckt, Lena, Franke, Barbara, Frei, Oleksandr, Haatveit, Beathe, Håberg, Asta K, Harbo, Hanne F, Hartman, Catharina A, Heslenfeld, Dirk, Hoekstra, Pieter J, Høgestøl, Einar A, Jernigan, Terry L, Jonassen, Rune, Jönsson, Erik G, Kirsch, Peter, Kłoszewska, Iwona, Kolskår, Knut K, Landrø, Nils Inge, Le Hellard, Stephanie, Lesch, Klaus-Peter, Lovestone, Simon, Lundervold, Arvid, Lundervold, Astri J, Maglanoc, Luigi A, Malt, Ulrik F, Mecocci, Patrizia, Melle, Ingrid, Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas, Moberget, Torgeir, Norbom, Linn B, Nordvik, Jan Egil, Nyberg, Lars, Oosterlaan, Jaap, Papalino, Marco, Papassotiropoulos, Andreas, Pauli, Paul, Pergola, Giulio, Persson, Karin, Richard, Geneviève, Rokicki, Jaroslav, Sanders, Anne-Marthe, Selbæk, Geir, Shadrin, Alexey A, Smeland, Olav B, Soininen, Hilkka, Sowa, Piotr, Steen, Vidar M, Tsolaki, Magda, Ulrichsen, Kristine M, Vellas, Bruno, Wang, Lei, Westman, Eric, Ziegler, Georg C, Zink, Mathias, Andreassen, Ole A, and Westlye, Lars T

Subjects
Biological Psychology, Psychology, Rare Diseases, Mental Health, Neurosciences, Brain Disorders, Biomedical Imaging, Aging, Aetiology, 2.3 Psychological, social and economic factors, 1.1 Normal biological development and functioning, Underpinning research, Mental health, Neurological, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Algorithms, Brain, Brain Diseases, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Infant, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Mental Disorders, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Schizophrenia, Sex Characteristics, Young Adult, Karolinska Schizophrenia Project, Cognitive Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery, Biological psychology
Abstract

Common risk factors for psychiatric and other brain disorders are likely to converge on biological pathways influencing the development and maintenance of brain structure and function across life. Using structural MRI data from 45,615 individuals aged 3-96 years, we demonstrate distinct patterns of apparent brain aging in several brain disorders and reveal genetic pleiotropy between apparent brain aging in healthy individuals and common brain disorders.

Published
2019

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