1. Characterization of Vortex Vein Drainage System in Healthy Individuals Imaged by Ultra-Widefield Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.
- Author
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Luo Z, Xu Y, Xiong X, Huang S, Alimu S, Cui J, Xu K, Tsui CK, Fan S, Cui K, Yu S, and Liang X
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Female, Adult, Middle Aged, Young Adult, Fluorescein Angiography methods, Healthy Volunteers, Aged, Veins diagnostic imaging, Veins anatomy & histology, Tomography, Optical Coherence methods, Choroid blood supply, Choroid diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the choroidal characteristics of vortex vein (VV) drainage systems in healthy individuals using ultra-widefield optical coherence tomography angiography., Methods: The mean choroidal thickness (ChT) and choroidal vascularity index (CVI) of each VV quadrant (24 × 20 mm2 scan mode; superotemporal [ST], superonasal [SN], inferonasal [IN], and inferotemporal [IT] quadrants) were calculated. Furthermore, intervortex venous anastomosis (IVA) was classified into temporal, superior, inferior, and nasal types., Results: A total of 207 healthy eyes were analyzed to find that the ST quadrant had the thickest choroidal layer and highest CVI (all P < 0.05). Among the four VV drainage quadrants, the mean ChT and CVI decreased in the sequence of ST, SN, IT, and IN (all P < 0.05). Moreover, men had a higher CVI than women in all VV quadrants (all P < 0.05). IVA was observed in all VV quadrants of 91 eyes (43.96%), and in the macular region of 33 eyes (15.94%)., Conclusions: The ST drainage system was identified as the preferred VV drainage route in healthy eyes. Among the four VV drainage quadrants, the drainage system adhered to the ST-SN-IT-IN order of descending perfusion. Furthermore, age- and sex-related differences were noted in the choroidal VV drainage systems of healthy eyes. Additionally, almost half of the healthy eyes had IVA in their choroidal vessel networks., Translational Relevance: The VV drainage system may be considered a novel imaging biomarker for ocular diseases.
- Published
- 2024
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