14 results on '"Veiga, Joana Mira"'
Search Results
2. Country-specific assessment of mismanaged plastic packaging waste as a main contributor to marine litter in Europe
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Winterstetter, Andrea, primary, Veiga, Joana Mira, additional, Sholokhova, Anastasiia, additional, and Šubelj, Gašper, additional
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- 2023
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3. Measuring Marine Plastic Debris from Space: Initial Assessment of Observation Requirements
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Martínez-Vicente, Víctor, Clark, James R., Corradi, Paolo, Aliani, Stefano, Arias, Manuel, Bochow, Mathias, Bonnery, Guillaume, Cole, Matthew, Cózar, Andrés, Donnelly, Rory, Echevarría, Fidel, Galgani, François, Garaba, Shungudzemwoyo P., Goddijn-Murphy, Lonneke, Lebreton, Laurent, Leslie, Heather A., Lindeque, Penelope K., Maximenko, Nikolai, Martin-Lauzer, François Régis, Moller, Delwyn, Murphy, Peter, Palombi, Lorenzo, Raimondi, Valentina, Reisser, Julia, Romero, Laia, Simis, Stefan G.H., Sterckx, Sindy, Thompson, Richard C., Topouzelis, Konstantinos N., van Sebille, Erik, Veiga, Joana Mira, Vethaak, A. Dick, Sub Physical Oceanography, Marine and Atmospheric Research, AIMMS, E&H: Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Biología, Sub Physical Oceanography, and Marine and Atmospheric Research
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Marine litter ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Science ,marine plastic debris ,Earth and Planetary Sciences(all) ,multispectral imagers ,010501 environmental sciences ,Space (commercial competition) ,01 natural sciences ,high spatial resolution ,remote sensing ,sensors synergy ,High spatial resolution ,14. Life underwater ,SDG 14 - Life Below Water ,submesoscale processes ,hyperspectra sensors ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Scale (chemistry) ,Debris ,hyperspectral sensors ,Remedial action ,Hyperspectral sensors ,13. Climate action ,Remote sensing (archaeology) ,Satellite remote sensing ,Systems engineering ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Environmental science ,Satellite ,mission requirements - Abstract
Sustained observations are required to determine the marine plastic debris mass balance and to support effective policy for planning remedial action. However, observations currently remain scarce at the global scale. A satellite remote sensing system could make a substantial contribution to tackling this problem. Here, we make initial steps towards the potential design of such a remote sensing system by: (1) identifying the properties of marine plastic debris amenable to remote sensing methods and (2) highlighting the oceanic processes relevant to scientific questions about marine plastic debris. Remote sensing approaches are reviewed and matched to the optical properties of marine plastic debris and the relevant spatio-temporal scales of observation to identify challenges and opportunities in the field. Finally, steps needed to develop marine plastic debris detection by remote sensing platforms are proposed in terms of fundamental science as well as linkages to ongoing planning for satellite systems with similar observation requirements.
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- 2019
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4. Relatório de actividade profissional
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Veiga , Joana Mira Nunes Seixas and Teodósio, Maria A.
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Actividade ,Relatório ,Profissional ,Ciências Naturais::Ciências da Terra e do Ambiente [Domínio/Área Científica] - Abstract
This report aims at describing my professional experience and demonstrating the competences developed between 2008 and 2016, after conclusion of the degree in Marine Biology and Fisheries from the University of Algarve, in order to obtain the Master Degree in Marine Biology (“Despacho reitoral 033/2011: Licenciados Pré-Bolonha"). For almost 8 years, I have been employed by the Coastal & Marine Union (EUCC), in the Netherlands, one of the largest international associations dedicated to coastal and marine conservation and sustainable management. During this period, I gained extensive experience on project design, management and implementation but also communication activities and participatory approaches. I worked specifically on topics such as sustainable tourism, Integrated Coastal Zone Management and adaptation to Climate Change. In the last 5 years I built solid expertise on the issue of marine litter, in the fields of European policy development and implementation, societal awareness and stakeholder engagement. The report sustains my contribution to an improved position of European society in dealing with marine litter, in particular through a better integration of science in society and policies. This includes my participation in an expert group, contribution to 2 studies commissioned by the European Commission, contribution to the setup and implementation of the European projects MARLISCO and CleanSea. Between 2009 and 2016, I published 2 papers in peer-reviewed journals (including one as first author); was an oral speaker in 7 international conferences and co-author in 2 other oral presentations; had 3 summaries published in the Conference Proceedings; was co-author in 4 technical reports published by the European Joint Research Centre (including lead author in one of them); co-author in 2 studies commissioned by the European Commission; co-author in 2 brochures on marine litter for policy-makers. O presente relatório visa demonstrar a minha experiência profissional e competências adquiridas entre 2008 e 2016, a fim de substituir as unidades curriculares “Projecto de Tese” e “Dissertação” e, de acordo com o Despacho Reitoral 033/2011: Licenciados pré-Bolonha, obter o grau de Mestre em Biologia Marinha. O percurso profissional aqui descrito, corresponde ao período em que trabalhei para a Coastal & Marine Union (EUCC), uma associação internacional dedicada à conservação e gestão sustentáveis dos recursos costeiros e marinhos na Europa. A EUCC é uma organização não-governamental fundada em 1989 e que, desde então, se tornou numa das maiores redes Europeias de peritos e organizações que operam ao nível da gestão costeira e do território marinho. A associação tem membros em 35 países diferentes e escritórios estabelecidos na Holanda, Alemanha, Lituânia, Espanha e Malta, estando a EUCC Internacional sediada em Leiden, na Holanda. Após ter terminado a licenciatura em Biologia Marinha e Pescas, em dezembro de 2007, candidatei-me a uma bolsa do programa Leonardo da Vinci e completei um estágio professional de 5 meses na EUCC Internacional (setembro, 2008 – janeiro, 2009), à qual fiquei posteriormente vinculada, até agosto de 2016. Ao longo de 8 anos, obtive experiência numa variedade de áreas temáticas e desenvolvi diversas competências profissionais, em resultado da preparação e implementação de projectos internacionais, a maioria co-financiada pela União Europeia, bem como das actividades de comunicação e financiamento da organização. Entre 2009 e 2011, integrei a Unidade de Políticas da EUCC, de que destaco os seguintes projetos e responsabilidades: - Turismo sustentável: programa QualityCoast – uma iniciativa da EUCC que pretende avaliar destinos costeiros turísticos e atribuir galardões de acordo com a sua performance a nível de sustentabilidade de todo o território do município ou região. Esta avaliação tem como base a informação sobre mais de 100 indicadores, que é fornecida pelas autoridades locais durante a candidatura aos galardões. Estes indicadores refletem o nível de qualidade e as políticas relacionadas com preservação da Natureza, gestão do ambiente e promoção da identidade local. No QualityCoast, integrei a equipa do secretariado, na qual contribuí para a revisão anual dos critérios e indicadores do programa, a produção do material de apoio aos territórios candidatos, a promoção do programa junto de potenciais candidatos, avaliações das candidaturas (em particular das candidaturas de municípios Portugueses), disseminação dos resultados (e.g. em brochuras) e organização de eventos do programa; - Bem-estar de golfinhos em Delfinários: coordenação de auditorias – uma inciativa da EUCC, em parceria com as agências turísticas TUI-Netherlands e Travelife, que teve como objectivo avaliar as condições de confinamento e manuseamento de golfinhos em determinados delfinários, de acordo com critérios de bem-estar específicos. A iniciativa pretendia informar estes agentes turísticos dos standards destes delfinários, bem como verificar se os golfinhos tinham sido indevidamente obtidos, i.e. capturados no meio selvagem. Neste projeto fui responsável pelo recrutamento de auditores, coordenação das visitas a 13 instalações no México, República Dominicana e Turquia e revisão dos relatórios das auditorias para os parceiros de projeto; - Gestão Integrada de Zonas Costeiras: projeto OURCOAST – uma iniciativa da Comissão Europeia, que teve como principal objetivo facilitar a troca de experiências e boas práticas a nível de planeamento e gestão costeira na Europa. A EUCC foi responsável por produzir o conteúdo de uma vasta base de 350 estudos de caso e por toda a componente de comunicação do projeto. Durante os 3 anos em que este decorreu, contribuí activamente para o desenvolvimento da estrutura da base de dados e para a produção dos sumários dos estudos de caso, bem como para as actividades de comunicação do projeto e organização do evento de stakeholders em Riga (Letónia), que envolveu mais de 150 participantes; - Adaptação às alterações climáticas: projeto IMCORE – um projecto Interreg da Região Nordeste Atlântica que desenvolveu estratégias locais de adaptação às alterações climáticas, como resultado de colaborações entre investigadores e autoridades locais, em 9 localidades do Reino Unido, Irlanda, França e Bélgica. Neste projeto, fui responsável por avaliar o processo de interação no seio destas colaborações e por produzir recomendações para melhorar a comunicação e colaboração entre ciência e decisores/gestores do território. Desta actividade resultou um módulo dentro de uma ferramenta de aprendizagem online, produzida pelo projeto, e o relatório The collaboration process between researchers and authorities - Guidelines to support a developing working relationship and insight into the collaboration process of IMCORE’s ECNs (2011), do qual fui autora; - Gestão marinha baseada nos ecossistemas: projeto KnowSeas – um projeto científico do 7° Programa Quadro, que pretendeu desenvolver ferramentas de apoio a uma gestão baseada nos ecosistemas dos mares regionais da Europa. Neste projeto, contribuí principalmente para um estudo de perceções de stakeholders face a um conjunto de problemas ambientais marinhos e para o mapeamento das políticas Europeias e internacionais que vigoram sobre esses problemas. Desta actividade resultou o relatório Managing Europe’s Seas – A Scoping Study on Issues, Actors and Policies (2010), do qual fui coautora. Em meados de 2010, comecei a trabalhar no tópico do lixo marinho, uma das maiores ameaças atuais ao funcionamento saudável dos ecossistemas marinhos e com consideráveis impactos sociais e económicos. O lixo marinho é um dos 11 “descritores” contemplados na Diretiva Quadro da Estratégia Marinha (2008/56/EC) da Comissão Europeia, transposta para legislação nacional em 2010, despoletando um ímpeto político marcado e a promoção de várias iniciativas no período seguinte para responder a este problema. O meu envolvimento no tema inciou-se com a elaboração de uma candidatura de um projeto a financiamento dentro do 7° Programa Quadro “Science in Society”, em que fui a principal coordenadora, tanto da parte técnica, como administrativa. Esta proposta foi aprovada em 2011 e, como resultado, surgiu uma série de outras oportunidades de projectos e iniciativas, dos quais se destacam alguns, abaixo descritos. - Integração no Tecnical Group on Marine Litter: um grupo de peritos designados, estabelecido no final de 2010 pela Comissão Europeia, que tem como mandato fornecer apoio técnico e orientações aos Estados-membros, relativamente à monitorização do descritor “Lixo Marinho”, como parte do processo de implementação da Estratégia Marinha. Desde 2010, participei ativamente nas actividades do grupo, que incluíam reuniões bi-anuais e produção de documentos técnicos. De entre estes, salientam-se os relatórios Marine Litter Technical Recommendations for the Implementation of MSFD Requirements (2011), Guidance on Monitoring of Marine Litter in European Seas (2013), Harm Caused by Marine Litter (publicação prevista para o início de 2017), nos quais fui coautora e Identifying Sources of Marine Litter (2016, disponível em breve), no qual fui a autora principal; - Consciencialização da sociedade Europeia sobre o problema do lixo marinho: projeto MARLISCO – uma colaboração entre 20 organizações que desenvolveram ferramentas educacionais e implementaram actividades em 15 países Europeus, a fim de sensibilizar a população em geral e envolver actores específicos na procura de soluções para o problema do lixo marinho. Entre estas actividades destaca-se: a exposição em mais de 80 localidades na Europa, um concurso de video que envolveu 2100 estudantes, eventos participatórios nacionais que envolveram mais de 1500 stakeholders, incluíndo indústria de plásticos, autoridades, organizações não-governamentais e sectores marítimos. Para além de ter tido um papel primordial na conceção e coordenação da proposta, fui responsável por liderar um dos pacotes de trabalho do projeto (concurso de video Europeu) e gerir a equipa da EUCC na implementação de todas as actividades do projeto na Holanda. Em 2016, juntamente com vários colegas do projeto, publiquei o artigo Enhancing public awareness and promoting co-responsibility for marine litter in Europe: The challenge of MARLISCO no jornal Marine Polluttion Bulletin, no qual fui a primeira autora. - Contratos de serviços/estudos sobre o lixo marinho para a Comissão Europeia – um projeto piloto implementado em 2012, que pretendeu determinar a origem do lixo marinho e medidas de prevenção em 4 locais de estudo na Europa e um estudo para propôr uma meta de redução do lixo marinho para a Europa, para os quais contribuí como perita subcontratada da EUCC; - Contribuição para um melhor conhecimento científico sobre o lixo marinho. Nesta vertente, destacam-se: a minha integração na equipa da EUCC como um dos parceiros do projeto científico CleanSea, que investigou determinados aspectos sobre o impacto biológico e económico do lixo marinho e produziu recomendações para decisores politicos; a participação em discussões iniciais com a Agência Espacial Europeia sobre o potencial de deteção remota do lixo marinho (por exemplo, via satélite) para melhorar a sua monitorização, que posteriormente deu origem ao projeto RESMALI. Em conclusão, para além da experiência e competências desenvolvidas durante o meu percurso profissional, julgo que contribuí ativamente para um posicionamento melhorado da sociedade Europeia face à problemática do lixo marinho, particularmente a nível da integração das esferas científica e de políticas. A minha contribuição manifestou-se em várias frentes: numa vertente mais política, com os 2 estudos produzidos para a Comissão Europeia e os relatórios que resultaram do grupo de peritos sobre o lixo marinho e que são documentos de referência a nivel da implementação da estratégia marinha; numa vertente mais científica, com a participação no projecto de investigação CleanSea, e contributo para a monitorização sistemática do lixo marinho, no qual se destaca a iniciação do estudo sobre deteção remota, da Agência Espacial Europeia; e finalmente numa vertente mais social, com a conceção e implementação do projeto MARLISCO, que desenvolveu recursos multi-linguísticos e implementou mecanismos para a consciencialização da sociedade Europeia, que alcançaram (e continuam a alcançar) uma vasta audiência. Entre 2009 e 2016, publiquei 2 artigos em revistas de arbitragem científica (sendo primeira autora num deles), fui coautora em 4 relatórios técnicos publicados pelo European Joint Research Centre (sendo a autora principal num deles), coautora em 2 estudos encomendados pela Comissão Europeia e fui coautora de duas brochuras para decisores políticos. Em termos de comunicações, fui oradora em 7 conferências e seminários internacionais de cariz científico ou mais político, tendo sido igualmente coautora de 2 outras apresentações e de 2 posters.
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- 2019
5. Toward the Integrated Marine Debris Observing System
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Maximenko, Nikolai, Corradi, Paolo, Law, Kara Lavender, Van Sebille, Erik, Garaba, Shungudzemwoyo P., Lampitt, Richard Stephen, Galgani, Francois, Martinez-Vicente, Victor, Goddijn-Murphy, Lonneke, Veiga, Joana Mira, Thompson, Richard C., Maes, Christophe, Moller, Delwyn, Loscher, Carolin Regina, Addamo, Anna Maria, Lamson, Megan R., Centurioni, Luca R., Posth, Nicole R., Lumpkin, Rick, Vinci, Matteo, Martins, Ana Maria, Pieper, Catharina Diogo, Isobe, Atsuhiko, Hanke, Georg, Edwards, Margo, Chubarenko, Irina P., Rodriguez, Ernesto, Aliani, Stefano, Arias, Manuel, Asner, Gregory P., Brosich, Alberto, Carlton, James T., Chao, Yi, Cook, Anna-Marie, Cundy, Andrew B., Galloway, Tamara S., Giorgetti, Alessandra, Goni, Gustavo Jorge, Guichoux, Yann, Haram, Linsey E., Hardesty, Britta Denise, Holdsworth, Neil, Lebreton, Laurent, Leslie, Heather A., Macadam-Somer, Ilan, Mace, Thomas, Manuel, Mark, Marsh, Robert, Martinez, Elodie, Mayor, Daniel J., Le Moigne, Morgan, Jack, Maria Eugenia Molina, Mowlem, Matt Charles, Obbard, Rachel W., Pabortsava, Katsiaryna, Robberson, Bill, Rotaru, Amelia-Elena, Ruiz, Gregory M., Teresa Spedicato, Maria, Thiel, Martin, Turra, Alexander, Wilcox, Chris, Sub Physical Oceanography, Marine and Atmospheric Research, European Research Council, Sub Physical Oceanography, and Marine and Atmospheric Research
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0106 biological sciences ,LITTER ,Marine litter ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,lcsh:QH1-199.5 ,Microplastics ,marine debris ,sensor development ,Oceanography ,01 natural sciences ,NILE RED ,maritime safety ,Marine debris ,Citizen science ,SENSORS ,Marine & Freshwater Biology ,lcsh:Science ,Seabed ,Water Science and Technology ,Global and Planetary Change ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,NORTH ,FLOW-CYTOMETRY ,ecosystemstressors ,Plastic pollution ,REMOTE ,plastics ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,Antropogenic debris ,ecosystem stressors ,Ocean Engineering ,Environmental Sciences & Ecology ,Aquatic Science ,PELAGIC SARGASSUM ,lcsh:General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution ,Marine debris drift ,observing network ,Sea ice ,14. Life underwater ,SDG 14 - Life Below Water ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Remote sensing ,Observing network design ,Shore ,geography ,Science & Technology ,Buoy ,MICROPLASTICS ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,Ocean current ,PLASTIC DEBRIS ,Debris ,13. Climate action ,SEA-FLOOR ,Environmental science ,lcsh:Q ,Environmental Sciences - Abstract
Plastics and other artificial materials pose new risks to the health of the ocean. Anthropogenic debris travels across large distances and is ubiquitous in the water and on shorelines, yet, observations of its sources, composition, pathways, and distributions in the ocean are very sparse and inaccurate. Total amounts of plastics and other man-made debris in the ocean and on the shore, temporal trends in these amounts under exponentially increasing production, as well as degradation processes, vertical fluxes, and time scales are largely unknown. Present ocean circulation models are not able to accurately simulate drift of debris because of its complex hydrodynamics. In this paper we discuss the structure of the future integrated marine debris observing system (IMDOS) that is required to provide long-term monitoring of the state of this anthropogenic pollution and support operational activities to mitigate impacts on the ecosystem and on the safety of maritime activity. The proposed observing system integrates remote sensing and in situ observations. Also, models are used to optimize the design of the system and, in turn, they will be gradually improved using the products of the system. Remote sensing technologies will provide spatially coherent coverage and consistent surveying time series at local to global scale. Optical sensors, including high-resolution imaging, multi- and hyperspectral, fluorescence, and Raman technologies, as well as SAR will be used to measure different types of debris. They will be implemented in a variety of platforms, from hand-held tools to ship-, buoy-, aircraft-, and satellite-based sensors. A network of in situ observations, including reports from volunteers, citizen scientists and ships of opportunity, will be developed to provide data for calibration/validation of remote sensors and to monitor the spread of plastic pollution and other marine debris. IMDOS will interact with other observing systems monitoring physical, chemical, and biological processes in the ocean and on shorelines as well as the state of the ecosystem, maritime activities and safety, drift of sea ice, etc. The synthesized data will support innovative multi-disciplinary research and serve a diverse community of users.
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- 2019
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6. Measuring marine plastic debris from space: Initial assessment of observation requirements
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Sub Physical Oceanography, Marine and Atmospheric Research, Martínez-Vicente, Víctor, Clark, James R., Corradi, Paolo, Aliani, Stefano, Arias, Manuel, Bochow, Mathias, Bonnery, Guillaume, Cole, Matthew, Cózar, Andrés, Donnelly, Rory, Echevarría, Fidel, Galgani, François, Garaba, Shungudzemwoyo P., Goddijn-Murphy, Lonneke, Lebreton, Laurent, Leslie, Heather A., Lindeque, Penelope K., Maximenko, Nikolai, Martin-Lauzer, François Régis, Moller, Delwyn, Murphy, Peter, Palombi, Lorenzo, Raimondi, Valentina, Reisser, Julia, Romero, Laia, Simis, Stefan G.H., Sterckx, Sindy, Thompson, Richard C., Topouzelis, Konstantinos N., van Sebille, Erik, Veiga, Joana Mira, Vethaak, A. Dick, Sub Physical Oceanography, Marine and Atmospheric Research, Martínez-Vicente, Víctor, Clark, James R., Corradi, Paolo, Aliani, Stefano, Arias, Manuel, Bochow, Mathias, Bonnery, Guillaume, Cole, Matthew, Cózar, Andrés, Donnelly, Rory, Echevarría, Fidel, Galgani, François, Garaba, Shungudzemwoyo P., Goddijn-Murphy, Lonneke, Lebreton, Laurent, Leslie, Heather A., Lindeque, Penelope K., Maximenko, Nikolai, Martin-Lauzer, François Régis, Moller, Delwyn, Murphy, Peter, Palombi, Lorenzo, Raimondi, Valentina, Reisser, Julia, Romero, Laia, Simis, Stefan G.H., Sterckx, Sindy, Thompson, Richard C., Topouzelis, Konstantinos N., van Sebille, Erik, Veiga, Joana Mira, and Vethaak, A. Dick
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- 2019
7. Toward the Integrated Marine Debris Observing System
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Sub Physical Oceanography, Marine and Atmospheric Research, Maximenko, Nikolai, Corradi, Paolo, Law, Kara Lavender, Van Sebille, Erik, Garaba, Shungudzemwoyo P., Lampitt, Richard Stephen, Galgani, Francois, Martinez-Vicente, Victor, Goddijn-Murphy, Lonneke, Veiga, Joana Mira, Thompson, Richard C., Maes, Christophe, Moller, Delwyn, Loscher, Carolin Regina, Addamo, Anna Maria, Lamson, Megan R., Centurioni, Luca R., Posth, Nicole R., Lumpkin, Rick, Vinci, Matteo, Martins, Ana Maria, Pieper, Catharina Diogo, Isobe, Atsuhiko, Hanke, Georg, Edwards, Margo, Chubarenko, Irina P., Rodriguez, Ernesto, Aliani, Stefano, Arias, Manuel, Asner, Gregory P., Brosich, Alberto, Carlton, James T., Chao, Yi, Cook, Anna-Marie, Cundy, Andrew B., Galloway, Tamara S., Giorgetti, Alessandra, Goni, Gustavo Jorge, Guichoux, Yann, Haram, Linsey E., Hardesty, Britta Denise, Holdsworth, Neil, Lebreton, Laurent, Leslie, Heather A., Macadam-Somer, Ilan, Mace, Thomas, Manuel, Mark, Marsh, Robert, Martinez, Elodie, Mayor, Daniel J., Le Moigne, Morgan, Jack, Maria Eugenia Molina, Mowlem, Matt Charles, Obbard, Rachel W., Pabortsava, Katsiaryna, Robberson, Bill, Rotaru, Amelia-Elena, Ruiz, Gregory M., Teresa Spedicato, Maria, Thiel, Martin, Turra, Alexander, Wilcox, Chris, Sub Physical Oceanography, Marine and Atmospheric Research, Maximenko, Nikolai, Corradi, Paolo, Law, Kara Lavender, Van Sebille, Erik, Garaba, Shungudzemwoyo P., Lampitt, Richard Stephen, Galgani, Francois, Martinez-Vicente, Victor, Goddijn-Murphy, Lonneke, Veiga, Joana Mira, Thompson, Richard C., Maes, Christophe, Moller, Delwyn, Loscher, Carolin Regina, Addamo, Anna Maria, Lamson, Megan R., Centurioni, Luca R., Posth, Nicole R., Lumpkin, Rick, Vinci, Matteo, Martins, Ana Maria, Pieper, Catharina Diogo, Isobe, Atsuhiko, Hanke, Georg, Edwards, Margo, Chubarenko, Irina P., Rodriguez, Ernesto, Aliani, Stefano, Arias, Manuel, Asner, Gregory P., Brosich, Alberto, Carlton, James T., Chao, Yi, Cook, Anna-Marie, Cundy, Andrew B., Galloway, Tamara S., Giorgetti, Alessandra, Goni, Gustavo Jorge, Guichoux, Yann, Haram, Linsey E., Hardesty, Britta Denise, Holdsworth, Neil, Lebreton, Laurent, Leslie, Heather A., Macadam-Somer, Ilan, Mace, Thomas, Manuel, Mark, Marsh, Robert, Martinez, Elodie, Mayor, Daniel J., Le Moigne, Morgan, Jack, Maria Eugenia Molina, Mowlem, Matt Charles, Obbard, Rachel W., Pabortsava, Katsiaryna, Robberson, Bill, Rotaru, Amelia-Elena, Ruiz, Gregory M., Teresa Spedicato, Maria, Thiel, Martin, Turra, Alexander, and Wilcox, Chris
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- 2019
8. Enhancing social awareness and triggering co-responsibility about marine litter in Europe
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Veiga, Joana Mira, Thomais Vlachogianni, Alampei, Iro, Hartley, Bonny L., Pahl, Sabine, Thompson, Richard C., Kopke, Kathrin, Doyle, Thomas K, Loizidou, Xenia I., and Maes, Thomas
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- 2018
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9. Oceans Report - Addressing SDG14 issues with factual data and state of the art knowledge
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Bolman, Bas, Boon, Arjen Richard, Briere, Christophe, Guchte, Cees Van Der, Prins, Theo, Roex, Edwin, Spiteri, Claudette, Veiga, Joana Mira, Vethaak, Andre Dick, and Villars, Nicki
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- 2018
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10. Identifying Sources of Marine Litter
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VEIGA Joana Mira, FLEET David, KINSEY Sue, NILSSON Per, VLACHOGIANNI Thomais, WERNER Stefanie, GALGANI Francois, THOMPSON Richard, DAGEVOS Jeroen, GAGO Jesus, SOBRAL Paula, CRONIN Richard, and HANKE Georg
- Abstract
Marine litter is a global problem causing harm to marine wildlife, coastal communities and maritime activities. It also embodies an emerging concern for human health and safety. The reduction of marine litter pollution poses a complex challenge for humankind, requiring adjustments in human behaviour as well as in the different phases of the life-cycle of products and across multiple economic sectors. The Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) requires European Member States to monitor marine litter and implement programmes of measures to reduce its occurrence. A crucial step in monitoring and effectively addressing marine litter is the identification of the origin and the pathways that lead to litter entering the marine environment. A given site or region can be subject to litter pollution from a number of sources, which can be local, regional or even distant, as litter can be transported to a specific area by ocean currents and wind drift. For this reason, pinpointing the origin of the different items that make up marine litter is a difficult task and will always have an inherent degree of associated uncertainty. Plastic food packaging recorded in the marine environment, for example, can consist of a diverse selection of items, which can be generated from a number of sources, which in turn can be sea-based or land-based and originate from near or distant regions. A wide variety of methods have been used over the years to determine the sources of marine litter, from simple counts of items believed to originate from a given source to more complex statistical methods. This report provides a brief overview of the main methods used and outlines one of the most promising approaches for determining sources – a Matrix Score Technique based on likelihoods, which considers the possibility that specific items originate from more than one source. Furthermore, it presents a series of other parameters that can be used to analyse data-sets, with regard to the use, origin and risk of items recorded in the marine or coastal environments. These can further support decision-making when considering preventive measures. Finally, recommendations to help the process of identification of sources are given, from the early stage of data collection and site characterization to bringing in the knowledge of local stakeholders to better determine where litter is coming from and what needs to be done to prevent it., JRC.D.2-Water and Marine Resources
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- 2016
11. Policy brief: Best practice examples of existing economic policy instruments and potential new economic policy instruments to reduce marine litter and eliminate barriers to GES. D. 4.13
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Boteler, Benjamin, Abhold, Katrina, Oosterhuis, Frans, Fernandez, Pedro, Hadzhiyska, Dariya, Pavlova, Denitza, and Veiga, Joana Mira
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Marine litter ,Economic instruments ,Marine plastics ,Environment::Anthropogenic contamination [Parameter Discipline] - Abstract
Marine litter is a complex problem and recognised as a major and growing environmental concern (UNEP, 2009). It threatens marine ecosystems and biodiversity (e.g. through ingestion or entanglement by marine species) and ultimately risks human well- being by damaging socioeconomic activities (e.g. losses to fishing or clean up costs) and posing health risks (e.g. ingestion of plastics through the food chain) (EEA, 2015). Marine litter originates from div erse and various, sources both land and sea -based, and the types of items which end up in the world’s seas and oceans are both varying and numerous (UNEP, 2009). Those often identified include plastic caps and lids, bottles, plastic bags, hygiene products, food containers, fishing nets, and cigarette butts (Interwies et al. 2013). These items can be found in great quantities on the ocean floor, in the water column, floating at sea, and along shorelines and coasts (UNEP, 2009). Exasperating the issue of marine litter is the significant lack of knowledge and missing information about how and why this momentous problem persists (EEA, 2015). While scientists continue to work to understand how marine litter impacts marine ecosystems and biodiversity, as well as its subsequent effects on human health, current understanding and growing concerns mean that both society and policy makers alike recognise that increased efforts are needed to properly address the problem (EEA, 2015). Along these lines, European policy m akers established the EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) to protect, preserve and where possible restore the European marine environment to ensure clean and healthy seas by 2020 (EC, 2008). It identifies marine litter as a key threat requiring increased action from policy and selects its presence as one of eleven descriptors of Good Environmental Status (GES). Regulations (e.g. laws), economic instruments (e.g. taxes and deposit schemes) and soft measures (e.g. voluntary actions such as organised beach clean ups) will all be required to meet this policy demand (EC, 2008). Moreover, given the complexity of the problem combined with resource constraints, policy makers must seek to design and implement policies which are both cost effective as well as maximise benefits to society. The main objective of this policy brief is to provide a critical review and assessment of potential measures to reduce marine litter. The focus of this brief is on existing economic instruments implemented in Europe. It aim s to point to critical factors which influence the appropriateness and effectiveness of economic instruments. It also seeks to show where the scope of current economic instruments could be expanded to explore their capacity to reduce marine litter. Such an evaluation of existing economic instruments to reduce marine litter is essential to furthering the necessary steps to achieve GES and sustainable marine ecosystem management. This policy brief is a result of research conducted with the project Towards a Clean, Litter -Free European Marine Environment through Scientific Evidence, Innovative Tools and Good Governance (CleanSea) funded through the EU’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7 Published Refereed Current 14.1 Best Practice Guide
- Published
- 2015
12. Guidance on Monitoring of Marine Litter in European Seas
- Author
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HANKE Georg, GALGANI Francois, WERNER Stefanie, OOSTERBAAN Lex, NILSSON Per, FLEET David, KINSEY Sue, THOMPSON Richard, PALATINUS Andreja, VAN FRANEKER Jan Andries, VLACHOGIANNI Thomais, SCOULLOS Michael, VEIGA Joana Mira, MATIDDI Marco, ALCARO Luigi, MAES Thomas, KORPINEN Samuli, BUDZIAK Ania, LESLIE Heather, GAGO Jesus, and LIEBEZEIT Gerd
- Abstract
The Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) requires European Member States (MS) to develop strategies that should lead to programmes of measures that achieve or maintain Good Environmental Status (GES) in European Seas. As an essential step reaching good environmental status, MS should establish monitoring programmes for assessment, enabling the state of the marine waters concerned to be evaluated on a regular basis. As a follow up to the Commission Decision on criteria and methodological standards on good environmental status (GES) of marine waters (Commission Decision 2010/477/EU), the Marine Directors requested the Directorate-General for the Environment (DG ENV) in 2010 to establish a Technical Subgroup (TSG) under the Working Group on Good Environmental Status (WG GES) for further development of Descriptor 10 Marine Litter (TSG-ML). TSG-ML in 2011 focused on providing advise through the EU Report 25009 “Marine Litter – Technical Recommendations for the implementation of MSFD requirements”. Within that report the options and available tools for the monitoring of marine litter in the different environmental compartments have been identified. Member States have then requested a follow-up through an additional mandate. One scope of this work is to provide harmonized protocols for the monitoring of marine litter for the European Seas. The present document is the Monitoring Guidance for Marine Litter in European Seas (Draft Report) and provides MS with the recommendations and information needed to commence the monitoring required this aspect of MSFD. This draft report divided in 8 sections/chapters presents a general overview of approaches and strategies dealing with marine litter monitoring and provides protocols for the monitoring of specifically: beach litter, floating litter, seafloor litter, litter in biota, microlitter. It concludes by presenting an introduction to a Master List of all litter items for use in litter monitoring programmes in the European marine environment., JRC.H.1-Water Resources
- Published
- 2013
13. Marine Litter : Technical Recommendations for the Implementation of MSFD Requirements
- Author
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PIHA HENNA EMILIA, HANKE Georg, GALGANI Francois, WERNER Stefanie, ALCARO Luigi, MATTIDI Marco, FLEET David, KAMIZOULIS George, MAES Thomas, OSTERBAAN Lex, THOMPSON Richard, VAN FRANEKER Jan Andries, MOUAT John, MEACLE Mary, CARROLL Chris, DETLOFF Kim Cornelius, KINSEY Sue, NILSSON Per, SHEAVLY Seba, SVÄRD Bo, VEIGA Joana Mira, MORISON Sarah, KATSANEVAKIS STYLIANOS MARIOS, LOPEZ-LOPEZ Lucia, PALATINUS Andreja, and SCOULLOS Michael
- Abstract
As a follow up to the Commission Decision on criteria and methodological standards on good environmental status (GES) of marine waters (Commission Decision 2010/477/EU), the Marine Directors requested Directorate General Environment in 2010 to establish a technical subgroup under the Working Group on GES in relation to the Marine Strategy Framework Directive 2008/56/EC (WG GES) for further development of Descriptor 10 Marine Litter and Descriptor 11 Noise/Energy. This report compiles the recommendations regarding Descriptor 10, Marine Litter. The implementation of provisons under MSFD Descriptor 10 as described in the Commission Decision 2010/477/EU is in its first step depending on the availability of appropriate monitoring tools.The group has investigated the monitoring approaches for marine litter and provides a set of monitoring tools which can be employed for that purpose.There are gaps in the regional applicability and differences in the maturity of some tools. There is need for further harmonization and collaborative activities in order to allow EU MS the future reporting of environmental trends and thus the verification of measures against marine litter., JRC.H.5-Rural, water and ecosystem resources
- Published
- 2011
14. Guidance on Monitoring of Marine Litter in European Seas
- Author
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Hanke, George, Galgani, François, Werner, Stefanie, Oosterbaan, Lex, Nilsson, Per, Fleet, David, Kinsey, Sue, Thompson, Richard, Van Franeker, Jan Andries, Vlachogianni, Thomais, Palatinus, Andreja, Scoullos, Michael, Veiga, Joana Mira, Matiddi, Marco, Alcaro, Luigi, Maes, Thomas, Korpinen, Samuli, Budziak, Ania, Leslie, Heather, Gago, Jesús, Liebezeit, Gerd, Hanke, George, Galgani, François, Werner, Stefanie, Oosterbaan, Lex, Nilsson, Per, Fleet, David, Kinsey, Sue, Thompson, Richard, Van Franeker, Jan Andries, Vlachogianni, Thomais, Palatinus, Andreja, Scoullos, Michael, Veiga, Joana Mira, Matiddi, Marco, Alcaro, Luigi, Maes, Thomas, Korpinen, Samuli, Budziak, Ania, Leslie, Heather, Gago, Jesús, and Liebezeit, Gerd
- Abstract
The MSFD Technical Subgroup on Marine Litter was tasked to deliver guidance so that European Member States could initiate programmes for monitoring of Descriptor 10 of the MSFD. The present document provides the recommendations and information needed to commence the monitoring required for marine litter, including methodological protocols and categories of items to be used for the assessment of litter on the Beach, Water Column, Seafloor and Biota, including a special section on Microparticles.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
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