Search

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate the associations of colors of fruit and vegetable (FV) subgroups, with 3-year changes of cardiometabolic risk factors. SUBJECTS/METHODS: This longitudinal study was conducted in the framework of Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study, between 20062008 and 2009-2011, on 1272 adults. Total intake of FV and their subgroups have been assessed by a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire at baseline (2006-2008) and again at the second examination (2009-2011). Demographics, anthropometrics and biochemical measures were evaluated at baseline and 3 years later. The associations of anthropometric and lipid profile changes with FV subgroups were estimated. RESULTS: The mean age of men and women at baseline was 39.8 [+ or -] 12.7 and 37.3 [+ or -] 12.1 years, respectively. Mean total intake of FV, red/purple, yellow, green, orange and white FV was 706 [+ or -]337,185 [+ or -]95, 141 [+ or -]91, 152 [+ or -]77, 141 [+ or -]87 and 22 [+ or -] 18 g/day, respectively. In men, 3-year changes of weight ([beta] = -0.13, P = 0.01) and waist circumference ([beta] = -0.14, P = 0.01) were related to intake of red/ purple FV; the yellow group was inversely associated with 3-year changes of total cholesterol ([beta] = -0.09, P = 0.03) and High-density lipoprotein cholesterol ([beta] = -0.11, P = 0.03). Consumption of green and white FV was inversely related to abdominal fat gain, and atherogenic lipid parameters in men (P < 0.05). In women, higher intake of red/purple FV was associated to lower weight and abdominal fat gain, fasting serum glucose and total cholesterol (P < 0.05);yellow FV was also related to 3-year weight gain ([beta] = -0.11, P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Various colors of FV subgroups had different effects on cardiometabolic risk factors;higher intake of red/purple FV may be related to lower weight and abdominal fat gain, and yellow, green and white FV may be related to lipid parameters. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2015) 69, 1215-1219; doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2015.49; published online 8 April 2015, INTRODUCTION Protective effects of regular consumption of fruits and vegetables (FV) against chronic disease development, especially cardiovascular disease, have been well documented. (1-3) Higher contents of dietary fiber and other [...]

Abstract Proper utilisation and consumption of available food resources have a pivotal role to play in the fight against hunger and malnutrition in the world. However, this role is highly [...]

Objective To examine baseline rates of fruit and vegetable consumption among adults in the 5 A Day research trials in order to identify any regional and sociodemographic differences associated with daily servings. Design The main outcome measure was the frequency of fruits and vegetables consumed within 1 month of the baseline survey as assessed by a 7-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Subjects/setting Participants (N = 15,060) were from 7 study centers. Study centers included schools (N = 48), worksites (N = 60), churches (N = 50), or the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) clinics (N = 15) in interventions to increase fruit and vegetable consumption. Statistical analyses Means and standard errors, adjusting for clusters, were calculated. A mixed linear model analyzed relationships between fruit and vegetable consumption and regional center, gender, age, race, education, income, marital status, food-shopping responsibility, and whether one lives with children. Results Results indicate an overall mean intake of 3.6 daily servings of fruits and vegetables. Significant differences in mean daily servings were found among the regional study centers (low of 3.0 to high of 4.1). There were significant differences in mean daily consumption by age (high school = 3.4 servings per day; high school graduate = 3.4; some college = 3.5; college graduate = 3.9), race (black = 3.7 servings per day; Hispanic = 3.0; white = 3.6; other = 3.7), marital status (married = 3.6 servings per day; single = 3.5), and food-shopping responsibilities (little = 3.2 servings per day; about half = 3.6; most = 3.8). Only 17% of respondents ate 5 or more servings of fruits and vegetables per day. Conclusions The 7 regions showed significant variability in daily fruit and vegetable consumption, suggesting that a single national message to increase fruit and vegetable consumption may not reach the population segments most in need of changing. It is advisable to spend more time understanding the food consumption habits of the population under investigation to develop messages to foster behavior change., Cancer mortality ranks second in the United States among all causes of death, accounting for 23.4% of all deaths annually (1). Dietary factors are thought to contribute about one third [...]

Objective To evaluate the tracking of children's fruit and vegetable intake over 2 years. Design Children in the control group from the Gimme 5 nutrition education intervention trial completed three 7-day food diaries once a year in 1994, 1995, and 1996, beginning when they were in third grade. Subjects Five hundred sixty-one students from public elementary schools. Statistical analyses performed Tracking was examined through correlation of fruit and vegetable servings over the 2 years as well as the percent of subjects remaining in the same or adjacent quintiles of fruit and vegetable intake, using the Κ statistic. Results Tracking of fruit and vegetable intake was fair to moderate over the 2 years. One-year correlations for total fruit and vegetable servings were .37 for boys and .46 for girls; 2-year correlations were .48 for boys and .40 for girls. Κ values for remaining in the same quintile generally exceeded chance rates only for the top and bottom quintiles. No values exceeded .50. Application/conclusion The drift in ranking may have been a result of true changes in fruit and vegetable intake or measurement error (ie, inability to accurately assess actual intake). If this drift reflects true change, it may be difficult for nutrition education programs targeting this age group to demonstrate long-term behavioral effects on fruit and vegetable intake. If the drift is the result of measurement limitations, improved dietary assessment may yield stronger tracking., The rationale for providing youth with disease prevention and health promotion programs rests largely on the premise that health habits formed during childhood persist or 'track' into adulthood; that is, [...]

Consumption of vegetables and fruits has consistently been associated with a decreased risk for certain cancers in epidemiologic studies (1,2). Numerous phytochemicals in vegetables, fruits, and legumes may be responsible [...]

This article was written by Lee Scheier, a freelance writer in Chicago, Ill., ********** Recently, in the science section of the New York Times (1) a story appeared, entitled 'Clues to Benefits of Fruit and Vegetables,' about a study by Dr James Lawrence [...]

Because diet is receiving more attention as a possible factor in some types of cancer, this study was designed to examine whether adults in diverse regions were meeting the minimum recommendation of at least 5 servings of fruits and vegetables per day and to determine if there were any geographic differences in fruit and vegetable intake. The researchers analyzed data from a 7-item food frequency questionnaire and found a mean intake of 3.6 servings of fruits and vegetables per day. The geographic differences in fruit and vegetable consumption suggest that dietetics practitioners need to be aware of region of the country when designing nutrition interventions., Thompson, B., Demark-Wahnefried, W., Taylor, G., McClelland, J.W., Stables, G., Havas, S., Feng, Z., Topor, M., Heimendinger, J., Reynolds, K.D., and Cohen, N. 1999. Baseline fruit and vegetable intake among [...]

Vol 18, December 1999 * Intakes of vitamin C, vegetables and fruits: Which schoolchildren are at risk? J.S. Hampl, C.A. Taylor, and C.S. Johnston. 582-690. * The effect of particle [...]

Vol 71, January 2000 * Family physicians and patients: Is effective nutrition interaction possible? (Review.) A.S. Truswell. 6-12. * Cheek cell phospholipids in human infants: A marker of docosahexaenoic and [...]

Diets high in fruits and vegetables demonstrate a strong and consistent pattern for decreasing the risk for many cancers and providing benefits against cardiovascular disease, diabetes, stroke, obesity, diverticulosis, and [...]

Vol 282, October 6, 1999 * Fruit and vegetable intake in relation to risk of ischemic stroke. K.J. Joshipura, A. Ascherio, J.E. Manson, M.d. Stampter, EB. Rimm, F.E. Speizer, C.H. [...]

There is overwhelming epidemiological evidence that a high consumption of fruit and vegetables is associated with reduced mortality from cardiovascular disease, cancer, and other causes. (1-5) In part, this may [...]