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Item does not contain fulltext, OBJECTIVE: Asthma is frequently accompanied by dysfunctional breathing of which hyperventilation has been recognized as a subtype. The prevalence of hyperventilation in stable asthma has been scantily studied using blood gas analysis. Hence, a reliable estimate of its prevalence is lacking. It is unknown whether the Nijmegen Questionnaire (NQ) is a useful screening tool for hyperventilation in asthma. Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hyperventilation in a large sample of patients with asthma in a stable state of disease. Secondary aims were to compare the clinical characteristics between patients with and without hyperventilation, and, to examine the concurrent validity of the NQ to detect hypocapnia in patients with asthma. METHODS: A real-world, observational, multicenter study was conducted. Capillary blood gas analysis was performed in adults with a confirmed diagnosis of stable asthma. A subset of patients completed the NQ. RESULTS: A blood gas analysis was obtained in 1006 patients. In 17% of the patients an acute hyperventilation was found, and in another 23% a chronic hyperventilation was uncovered. Patients with a chronic hyperventilation blood gas were more often female, were younger and had a better spirometric outcomes. The NQ appeared not to correlate with PCO2. CONCLUSION: Hyperventilation is common in patients with stable asthma. Chronic hyperventilation is more often found in females of younger age and with the best spirometric outcomes compared to patients without hyperventilation. The NQ is not a suitable screening tool for the presence of hyperventilation in stable asthmatics.

In de Bossenstrategie vormt bosuitbreiding een belangrijke pijler als bijdrage aan CO2-vastlegging, landschappelijke buffering tussen landbouw en natuur en diverse natuurfuncties. Bij bosaanleg is de uitgangssituatie over het algemeen kaal, het bos moet nog helemaal van bodem tot kronendak worden ontwikkeld. Bij deze uitgangssituatie heeft populier in het verleden bij herhaling zijn meerwaarde getoond: de bomen groeien snel en vormen daarmee in korte tijd al een bosmicroklimaat. Daarbij levert de groei in korte tijd een aanzienlijk volume goed bruikbaar hout, waarin ruim CO2 is vastgelegd.

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Much work has already been done on how a 3D Cadastre should best be developed. An inclusive information model, the Land Administration Model (LADM ISO 19152) has been developed to provide an international framework for how this can best be done. While this generous framework encompasses a wide range of eventualities, it does not prescribe the data format. One existing source from which data could be obtained is 3D Building Information Models (BIMs), or more specifically in this context, BuildingSMART’s Industry Foundation Class (IFC). Obtaining data is only one part of the process from moving from a 2D to a 3D Cadastre. A workflow, preferably digital, also needs to be determined to support this. This digital workflow would determine what the 3D Cadastre needs from a 3D IFC BIM and the process of extracting it in addition to exchange requirements. Foundations, however, would need to be laid in order to facilitate this process. To begin with, the fact that the Industry Foundation Class (IFC) has more than 800 entities means that there is more than one way to satisfy the requirements of cadastral legal spaces. In addition to being large, it leaves options open for adapting the model without entering into the lengthy process of changing it. Working from what is already there would enable data for a 3D Cadastre to be extracted at all stages of the BIM lifecycle, from initial design to the end of the life of the building. Secondly, experience has shown that process harmonization between organizations is very complex and can lead to conflict. In addition, the processes which need to be harmonised differ from country to country. If possible, therefore, it is something wiser to avoid. This means that while a workflow detailed in BuildingSMART’s Information Delivery Manual (IDM) may be useful within the complex collaborative environment of a BIM project, it is not something which would be standardised within the international Land Administration community. Having said that, c

In de Krimpenerwaard liggen slootdempingen die in veel gevallen verontreinigd zijn. Het gebied wordt momenteel gesaneerd door de dempingen af te dekken met schone grond om risico’s voor landbouw en natuur te beperken. Het afdekken van dempingen was eind vorige eeuw een nieuwe vorm van omgaan met bodemverontreiniging in landelijk gebied die in de Krimpenerwaard op grote schaal als pilotproject Beleidsvernieuwing Bodem is toegepast.

Het projectresultaat is een analyse per gebied van de samenhang tussen ouderdom, sedimentkarakteristiek, geomorfologie, hydrologie en begroeiing van gebieden met jonge kustaanwas. Als er bepaalde ontwikkelingsreeksen worden gevonden wordt de stap gemaakt naar Spanjaards Duin. Dit onderzoek tracht een beeld te scheppen van de snelheid van de fysisch-morfologische processen voor vochtige duinvalleien en de daarop volgende vegetatieprocessen en in welke vorm in de studiegebieden deze plaats vinden. De volgende gebieden worden geanalyseerd: - Grevelingen (Hompelvoet en Veermansplaat) - Voornes Duin (De Pan en Vogelpoel) - Slikken van Voorne - Kennemerstrand.

The result of the surgery can be seen after a couple of days when complications may occur. Doctors would like to have a tool to monitor and treat the patient during those days, while nowadays for many type of surgeries they can only wait. The authors of this paper are developing the wireless platform which will provide the monitoring and treatment in post-operative cases/patients. The implant includes wireless communication, battery free powering and readout data from the implant to the external system and is mounted on a flexible substrate for the implantation. This generic wireless platform has been applied to few medical applications, namely, Photo Dynamic Therapy (PDT), the measurement of Oxygen (pO2), Carbon dioxide (pCO 2) and temperature in tissue after an operation. © 2011 IEEE.

Het ERA-net Scheme, onderdeel van het zesde kaderprogramma, is gericht op betere samenwerking van nationale programma's in Europa: the European Research Area. Samen met vijf andere Europese landen is onder aanvoering van het Oostenrijkse milieuministerie een voorstel ingediend voor een ERA-net. Dit voorstel met betrekking tot een ERA-net op het gebied van bodem heeft de naam Snowman. Dit netwerk betreft nationale programma's die betrekking hebben op: het bodem/watersysteem onder de druk van verontreinigingen. In Snowman participeren Oostenrijk, Duitsland, Frankrijk, Groot-Brittannië en Nederland via SKB

De werkgroep ECON beschrijft de stand van zaken met betrekking tot het oprichten van een Expertise Centrum voor de Ondergrond. Het doel van ECON is het ontwikkelen van kennis voor de benutting van kansen en het duurzaam beschermen van de ondergrond en het beter ontsluiten en toepassen van kennis in plan- en besluitvormingsprocessen en organisatie en beheer. Het ECON-programma: vier deelprogramma's en elf projecten

The Devonian and Carboniferous rock-sequence in the Cantabrian Mountains is developed in two different facies which are separated by an E-W tectonic line, the León Line, and called the Leonide and Palentian facies, respectively to the S and N. The Leonide facies is widely exposed throughout the Cantabrian Mountains and its tectonic history is now well known. The most complete sequence of the Palentian facies occurs in the present area, which lies across the boundaries of the provinces of Palcncia, León and Santander. Towards the west and north the Devonian and Lower Carboniferous gradually plunge below the younger strata. The Palentian facies in this region is only found north of a second fundamental tectonic feature, the SE-NW Cardaño Line. This line joins the León Line in the SE of the area near the village of Santibañez but can be traced far to the NW into the province of Oviedo. Immediately south of the Cardaño Line there is the Sicro basin filled with Upper Carboniferous elastics which even overlap in places the León Line further south. The pre-Westphalian rocks of the present area are limited to the north by the Peña Prieta Line, the fundamental nature of which is emphasised by a large granite intrusion. To the east the Polentinos fault separates the present area from the mainly Westphalian, Pisuerga basin. The fundamental lines are partly expressed at the surface as large fault systems. It is remarkable that in the Palentian facies sedimentation was not interrupted by the major erosional periods known

Statuten van de Nederlandsche Vereeniging van de Christenen tot Bestrijding van den Oorlog Veen J van der (Voorzitter) Ploeg I van der (Secretaris)