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1. Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs) are of Comparable Efficacy to Syngeneic MSCs for Therapeutic Revascularization in C57BKSdb/db Mice Despite the Induction of Alloantibody

Author

Liew, A, Baustian, C, Thomas, D, Vaughan, E, Sanz-Nogués, C, Creane, M, Chen, X, Alagesan, S, Owens, P, Horan, J, Dockery, P, Griffin, MD, Duffy, A, and O’Brien, T

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Diabetes, Stem Cell Research, Transplantation, Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell Research - Nonembryonic - Non-Human, 5.2 Cellular and gene therapies, Development of treatments and therapeutic interventions, Metabolic and endocrine, Animals, Cells, Cultured, Diabetes Complications, Disease Models, Animal, Hindlimb, Ischemia, Isoantibodies, Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Neovascularization, Physiologic, Transplantation, Autologous, Transplantation, Homologous, Mesenchymal stem cells, diabetes mellitus, allogeneic transplantation, alloantibody, Technology, Medical and Health Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery, Biological sciences
Abstract

Intramuscular administration of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) represents a therapeutic option for diabetic critical limb ischemia. Autologous or allogeneic approaches may be used but disease-induced cell dysfunction may limit therapeutic efficacy in the former. Our aim was to compare the efficacy of allogeneic and autologous MSC transplantation in a model of hindlimb ischemia in diabetes mellitus and to determine whether allogeneic transplantation would result in the activation of an immune response. MSCs were isolated from C57BL/6 (B6) and diabetic obese C57BKSdb/db mice. Phosphate-buffered saline (control group), and MSCs (1 × 106) from B6 (allogeneic group) or C57BKSdb/db (syngeneic group) were administered intramuscularly into the ischemic thigh of C57BKSdb/db mice following the induction of hindlimb ischemia. MSCs derived from both mouse strains secrete several angiogenic factors, suggesting that the potential therapeutic effect is due to paracrine signaling. Administration of allogeneic MSCs significantly improved blood perfusion as compared with the control group on week 2 and 3, post-operatively. In comparison with the control group, syngeneic MSCs significantly improved blood perfusion at week 2 only. There was no statistical difference in blood perfusion between allogeneic and syngeneic MSC groups at any stages. There was no statistical difference in ambulatory and necrosis score among the three groups. Amputation of toes was only observed in the control group (one out of seven animals). Alloantibody was detected in three out of the eight mice that received allogeneic MSCs but was not observed in the other groups. In summary, we demonstrated comparable efficacy after transplantation of autologous and allogeneic MSCs in a diabetic animal model despite generation of an immune response. more...

Published
2018

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4. Hall's Condition for Partial Latin Squares

Author

Hilton, A. J. W. and Vaughan, E. R.

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, 05B15
Abstract

Hall's Condition is a necessary condition for a partial latin square to be completable. Hilton and Johnson showed that for a partial latin square whose filled cells form a rectangle, Hall's Condition is equivalent to Ryser's Condition, which is a necessary and sufficient condition for completability. We give what could be regarded as an extension of Ryser's Theorem, by showing that for a partial latin square whose filled cells form a rectangle, where there is at most one empty cell in each column of the rectangle, Hall's Condition is a necessary and sufficient condition for completability. It is well-known that the problem of deciding whether a partial latin square is completable is NP-complete. We show that the problem of deciding whether a partial latin square that is promised to satisfy Hall's Condition is completable is NP-hard., Comment: 23 pages; 9 figures more...

Published
2011

5. An analogue of Ryser's Theorem for partial Sudoku squares

Author

Cameron, P. J., Hilton, A. J. W., and Vaughan, E. R.

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, 05B15
Abstract

In 1956 Ryser gave a necessary and sufficient condition for a partial latin rectangle to be completable to a latin square. In 1990 Hilton and Johnson showed that Ryser's condition could be reformulated in terms of Hall's Condition for partial latin squares. Thus Ryser's Theorem can be interpreted as saying that any partial latin rectangle $R$ can be completed if and only if $R$ satisfies Hall's Condition for partial latin squares. We define Hall's Condition for partial Sudoku squares and show that Hall's Condition for partial Sudoku squares gives a criterion for the completion of partial Sudoku rectangles that is both necessary and sufficient. In the particular case where $n=pq$, $p|r$, $q|s$, the result is especially simple, as we show that any $r \times s$ partial $(p,q)$-Sudoku rectangle can be completed (no further condition being necessary)., Comment: 19 pages, 10 figures more...

Published
2011

6. Gerechte Designs with Rectangular Regions

Author

Courtiel, J. and Vaughan, E. R.

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, 05B15
Abstract

A \emph{gerechte framework} is a partition of an $n \times n$ array into $n$ regions of $n$ cells each. A \emph{realization} of a gerechte framework is a latin square of order $n$ with the property that when its cells are partitioned by the framework, each region contains exactly one copy of each symbol. A \emph{gerechte design} is a gerechte framework together with a realization. We investigate gerechte frameworks where each region is a rectangle. It seems plausible that all such frameworks have realizations, and we present some progress towards answering this question. In particular, we show that for all positive integers $s$ and $t$, any gerechte framework where each region is either an $s \times t$ rectangle or a $t\times s$ rectangle is realizable., Comment: 14 pages, 12 figures more...

Published
2011
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7. An Asymptotic Version of the Multigraph 1-Factorization Conjecture

Author

Vaughan, E. R.

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, 05C70
Abstract

We give a self-contained proof that for all positive integers $r$ and all $\epsilon > 0$, there is an integer $N = N(r, \epsilon)$ such that for all $n \ge N$ any regular multigraph of order $2n$ with multiplicity at most $r$ and degree at least $(1+\epsilon)rn$ is 1-factorizable. This generalizes results of Perkovi{\'c} and Reed, and Plantholt and Tipnis., Comment: 13 pages, 2 figures more...

Published
2010

9. Patient and professional perspectives about using in vitro fertilisation add-ons in the UK and Australia: a qualitative study

Author

Armstrong, SC, Vaughan, E, Lensen, S, Caughey, L, Farquhar, CM, Pacey, A, Balen, AH, Peate, M, Wainwright, E, Armstrong, SC, Vaughan, E, Lensen, S, Caughey, L, Farquhar, CM, Pacey, A, Balen, AH, Peate, M, and Wainwright, E more...

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: In vitro fertilisation (IVF) add-ons are additional procedures offered alongside an IVF cycle with the aim of improving live birth rates. They are controversial because of the paucity of evidence to support their efficacy and safety, alongside the additional financial cost they often pose to patients. Despite this, they are popular. However, there is limited qualitative research regarding their use. The aims of the VALUE Study were to understand the decision-making process surrounding using or recommending add-ons; report sources of information for add-ons; and explore concerns for safety and effectiveness when considering their use. DESIGN: 'VALUE' is a qualitative semistructured interview study using inductive thematic analysis of anonymised transcriptions. SETTING: Participants were recruited from a broad geographical spread across the UK and Australia from public and private clinical settings. PARTICIPANTS: Patients (n=25) and health professionals (embryologists (n=25) and clinicians (n=24)) were interviewed. A purposive sampling strategy was undertaken. The sampling framework included people having state-subsidised and private cycles, professionals working in public and private sectors, geographical location and professionals of all grades. RESULTS: Patients often made decisions about add-ons based on hope, minimising considerations of safety, efficacy or cost, whereas professionals sought the best outcomes for their patients and wanted to avoid them wasting their money. The driving forces behind add-on use differed: for patients, a professional opinion was the most influential reason, whereas for professionals, it was seen as patient driven. For both groups, applying the available evidence to individual circumstances was very challenging, especially in the sphere of IVF medicine, where the stakes are high. CONCLUSIONS: There is scope to build on the quality of the discourse between patients and professionals. Patients describe valuing their autonom more...

Published
2023

10. 'It all depends on why it's red': qualitative interviews exploring patient and professional views of a traffic light system for in vitro fertilisation add-ons

Author

Lensen, S, Armstrong, S, Vaughan, E, Caughey, L, Peate, M, Farquhar, C, Pacey, A, Balen, A, Wainwright, E, Lensen, S, Armstrong, S, Vaughan, E, Caughey, L, Peate, M, Farquhar, C, Pacey, A, Balen, A, and Wainwright, E more...

Abstract

Background IVF add-ons are techniques, medicines or procedures used in addition to standard IVF with the aim of improving the chance of success. The United Kingdom's IVF regulator, ( the Human Fertilisation Embryology Authority (HFEA) developed a traffic light system to categorise add-ons as either green, amber, or red, based on results of randomised controlled trials. Method Qualitative interviews were undertaken to explore understanding and views of the HFEA traffic light system among IVF clinicians, embryologists and IVF patients across Australia and the United Kingdom. Results A total of 73 interviews were conducted. Overall, participants were supportive of the intention of the traffic light system, however many limitations were raised. It was widely recognized that a simple traffic light system necessarily omits information which may be important to understanding the evidence base. In particular, the red category was used in scenarios that patients viewed as having different implications for their decision-making, including 'no evidence' and 'evidence of harm'. Patients were surprised at the absence of any green add-ons and questioned the value of a traffic light system in this context. Many participants considered the website a helpful starting point, but desired more detail, including the contributing studies, results specific to patient demographics (e.g., <35 years and >35 years), and inclusion of more options (e.g. acupuncture). Overall, participants believed the website to be reliable and trustworthy, particularly due to the Government affiliation, and despite some concerns regarding transparency and an overly cautious regulator. Conclusion Participants identified many limitations with the current application of the traffic light system. These could be considered in any future updates to the HFEA website and for others developing similar decision support tools. more...

Published
2023

13. Adressen der Autoren

Author

Adams, Mark C., primary, Albala, David M., additional, Anger, Jennifer T., additional, Anoia, Elizabeth, additional, Assimos, Dean G., additional, Auge, Brian K., additional, Bagley, Demetrius H., additional, Baker, Linda A., additional, Barocas, Daniel A., additional, Barry, John M., additional, Baskin, Laurence S., additional, Beck, Stephen, additional, Bella, Anthony J., additional, Bishoff, Jay T., additional, Bivalacqua, Trinity J., additional, Blaivas, Jerry G., additional, Blute, Michael L., additional, Boorjian, Stephen Anthony, additional, Borer, Joseph, additional, Borin, James F., additional, Brant, William O., additional, Brock, John W., additional, Broghammer, Joshua A., additional, Brugh, Victor M., additional, Buckley, Jill C., additional, Bullock, Travis L., additional, Burkhard, Fiona C., additional, Burnett, Arthur L., additional, Cadeddu, Jeffrey A., additional, Campbell, Jeffrey B., additional, Canes, David, additional, Cartwright, Patrick C., additional, Castle, Erik P., additional, Champagne, Bradley, additional, Chang, Sam S., additional, Chen, Tony Y., additional, Cheng, Earl Y., additional, Cherullo, Edward, additional, Christie, Alison M., additional, Clark, Peter E., additional, Clayman, Ralph V., additional, Cookson, Michael S., additional, Corbett, Sean T., additional, Costabile, Raymond A., additional, Davis, Rodney, additional, Deane, Leslie A., additional, Dechet, Christopher B., additional, DeLancey, John O.L., additional, DeMarco, Romano T., additional, Denstedt, John D., additional, Desai, Mahesh R., additional, Desai, Mihir M., additional, Desai, Rahul A., additional, Disick, Grant, additional, Dmochowski, Roger R., additional, Elder, Jack S., additional, Elliott, Sean P., additional, Elmajian, Donald A., additional, Fergany, Amr, additional, Flynn, Brian J., additional, Fossett, Lindsay, additional, Foster, Richard, additional, Ganpule, Arvind P., additional, Gargollo, Patricio, additional, Gill, Inderbir S., additional, Gjertson, Carl K., additional, Goldfarb, David A., additional, Goldstein, Marc, additional, Gonzalgo, Mark L., additional, Gormley, E. Ann, additional, Guralnick, Michael, additional, Haber, Georges-Pascal, additional, Haleblian, George E., additional, Hartke, David, additional, Hellstrom, Wayne J.G., additional, Herrell, S. Duke, additional, Hinman, Frank, additional, Holzbeierlein, Jeffrey M., additional, Horowitz, Andrew I., additional, Hulbert, William C., additional, Ihara, Hiroyuki, additional, Inman, Brant, additional, Jarrett, Thomas W., additional, Jordan, Gerald H., additional, Kaplan, Steven A., additional, Kaufman, Melissa R., additional, Kavoussi, Louis R., additional, Kesler, Stuart, additional, Kick, Phillip S., additional, Kirsch, Andrew J., additional, Klein, Frederick A., additional, Kobashi, Kathleen C., additional, Koenig, Philippe, additional, Koh, Chester J., additional, Kokorowski, Paul, additional, Krishnamurthi, Venkatesh, additional, Kropp, Bradley P., additional, Kuo, Ramsay L., additional, Landman, Jaime, additional, Larson, Kindra, additional, Latini, Jerilyn M., additional, Leach, Gary E., additional, Lee, David I., additional, Leng, Wendy W., additional, L’Esperance, James O., additional, Leveillee, Raymond J., additional, Levy, David A., additional, Lingeman, James E., additional, Lue, Tom F., additional, Makari, John H., additional, Marderstein, Eric L., additional, Marguet, Charles G., additional, Martin, Frances M., additional, McAninch, Jack W., additional, McClure, R. Dale, additional, McGuire, Edward J., additional, McVary, Kevin T., additional, Mevorach, Robert A., additional, Middleton, Richard G., additional, Milam, Douglas F., additional, Miller, Elizabeth A., additional, Miller, Nicole, additional, Modder, Joshua K., additional, Moinzadeh, Ali, additional, Monga, Manoj, additional, Montague, Drogo K., additional, Montie, James, additional, Moore, Charles R., additional, Morey, Allen F., additional, Morgan, Daniel M., additional, Morrisroe, Shelby N., additional, Mufarrij, Patrick W., additional, Munver, Ravi, additional, Ng, Christopher S., additional, Nisbet, Alan A., additional, Novick, Andrew C., additional, O’Connor, R. Corey, additional, Okeke, Zeph, additional, Pak, Raymond W., additional, Parekh, Dipen J., additional, Pearle, Margaret S., additional, Perer, Elise, additional, Peterson, Andrew C., additional, Phillips, Courtney K., additional, Pierre, Ketsia, additional, Polascik, Thomas J., additional, Ponsky, Lee, additional, Pope, John, additional, Preminger, Glenn M., additional, Prieto, Juan C., additional, Rabinowitz, Ronald, additional, Rapp, David E., additional, Raz, Shlomo, additional, Redman, John F., additional, Richstone, Lee, additional, Roberts, William W., additional, Rosen, Michael J., additional, Rosenblatt, Gregory S., additional, Rowland, Randall G., additional, Saini, Rajiv, additional, Sampaio, Francisco J.B., additional, Scarpero, Harriette M., additional, Scherr, Douglas S., additional, Schlegel, Peter N., additional, Sherman, Neil D., additional, Shields, John, additional, Shinohara, Katsuto, additional, Siegel, Steven W., additional, Skinner, Eila, additional, Skoog, Steven J., additional, Smith, Arthur D., additional, Smith, Joseph A., additional, Snodgrass, Warren T., additional, Soltanian, Hooman, additional, Sotelo, Rene, additional, Spirnak, J. Patrick, additional, Steers, William D., additional, Stein, John P., additional, Stifelman, Michael D., additional, Studer, Urs E., additional, Sundaram, Chandru P., additional, Sur, Roger L., additional, Sutherland, Richard W., additional, Suzuki, Kazuo, additional, Tan, Yeh Hong, additional, Tanrikut, Cigdem, additional, Thiel, David D., additional, Thomas, John C., additional, Thomas, Raju, additional, Triaca, Veronica, additional, Trunzo, Joseph A., additional, Tsuru, Nobuo, additional, Turek, Paul J., additional, Twiss, Christian O., additional, Vanderbrink, Brian A., additional, Vasavada, Sandip P., additional, Vaughan, E. Darracott, additional, Venable, Dennis D., additional, Vourganti, Srinivas, additional, Wagner, Kristofer R., additional, Walsh, Dena L., additional, Walsh, Thomas J., additional, Wan, Julian, additional, Waters, W. Bedford, additional, Webster, George D., additional, Wessells, Hunter, additional, White, Wesley M., additional, Wiener, John S., additional, Wignall, Geoffrey R., additional, Winfield, Howard N., additional, Wise, Paul E., additional, Wolf, J. Stuart, additional, Wolter, Christopher E., additional, Woods, Michael E., additional, and Zeltser, Ilia S., additional more...

Published
2017
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18. AYA 'Can-Sleep' programme: protocol for a stepped-care, cognitive behavioural therapy-based approach to the management of sleep difficulties in adolescents and young adults with cancer

Author

Vaughan, E, Ftanou, M, Lewin, J, Murnane, A, Berger, I, Wiley, JF, Hickey, M, Bullen, D, Jefford, M, Goldin, J, Stonehouse, J, Thompson, K, Vaughan, E, Ftanou, M, Lewin, J, Murnane, A, Berger, I, Wiley, JF, Hickey, M, Bullen, D, Jefford, M, Goldin, J, Stonehouse, J, and Thompson, K more...

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Sleep problems are reported in up to 50% of adolescents and young adults (AYA) with cancer. Cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBTi) is considered the gold-standard treatment. In the AYA population, CBTi is associated with improvements in insomnia, daytime sleepiness, fatigue and quality of life. In adults, stepped-care interventions can improve accessibility to CBTi. This study aims to evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of a stepped-care CBTi programme in AYA with cancer. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: AYA (target N = 80) aged 16-25 with a diagnosis of cancer will be screened using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). When sleep difficulties are identified by the ISI and/or ESS, they will be screened for obstructive sleep apnoea and restless leg syndrome and referred to a sleep service if indicated. The remainder with sleep difficulties will be offered a stepped-care sleep programme including CBT self-management and coaching (first step). Participants will then be rescreened at 5 weeks, and those with ongoing sleep difficulties will be offered individualised CBT (second step). Recruitment and retention rates, adherence to intervention and time taken to deliver screening and intervention will be collected to assess the feasibility of the programme. AYA and clinicians will complete evaluation surveys to assess the acceptability of the AYA Can-Sleep programme. DISCUSSION: We seek to contribute to the evidence base regarding screening and treatment of sleep difficulties in the AYA population by implementing the AYA Can-Sleep programme and determining its feasibility and acceptability as an approach to care in an Adolescent & Young Adult Cancer Service. more...

Published
2022

22. Cost‐effectiveness of emergency versus delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute gallbladder pathology

Author

Sutton, A. J., Vohra, R. S., Hollyman, M., Marriott, P. J., Buja, A., Alderson, D., Pasquali, S., Griffiths, E. A., Vohra, R. S., Spreadborough, P., Hollyman, M., Marriott, P. J., Kirkham, A., Pasquali, S., Alderson, D., Griffiths, E. A., Fenwick, S., Elmasry, M., Nunes, Q. M., Kennedy, D., Khan, R. B., Khan, M. A. S., Magee, C. J., Jones, S. M., Mason, D., Parappally, C. P., Mathur, P., Saunders, M., Jamel, S., Ul Haque, S., Zafar, S., Shiwani, M. H., Samuel, N., Dar, F., Jackson, A., Lovett, B., Dindyal, S., Winter, H., Fletcher, T., Rahman, S., Wheatley, K., Nieto, T., Ayaani, S., Youssef, H., Nijjar, R. S., Watkin, H., Naumann, D., Emesih, S., Sarmah, P. B., Lee, K., Joji, N., Heath, J., Teasdale, R. L., Weerasinghe, C., Needham, P. J., Welbourn, H., Forster, L., Finch, D., Blazeby, J. M., Robb, W., McNair, A. G. K., Hrycaiczuk, A., Charalabopoulos, A., Kadirkamanathan, S., Tang, C.‐B., Jayanthi, N. V. G., Noor, N., Dobbins, B., Cockbain, A. J., Nilsen‐Nunn, A., de Siqueira, J., Pellen, M., Cowley, J. B., Ho, W.‐M., Miu, V., White, T. J., Hodgkins, K. A., Kinghorn, A., Tutton, M. G., Al‐Abed, Y. A., Menzies, D., Ahmad, A., Reed, J., Khan, S., Monk, D., Vitone, L. J., Murtaza, G., Joel, A., Brennan, S., Shier, D., Zhang, C., Yoganathan, T., Robinson, S. J., McCallum, I. J. D., Jones, M. J., Elsayed, M., Tuck, E., Wayman, J., Carney, K., Aroori, S., Hosie, K. B., Kimble, A., Bunting, D.M., Fawole, A. S., Basheer, M., Dave, R. V., Sarveswaran, J., Jones, E., Kendal, C., Tilston, M. P., Gough, M., Wallace, T., Singh, S., Downing, J., Mockford, K. A., Issa, E., Shah, N., Chauhan, N., Wilson, T. R., Forouzanfar, A., Wild, J. R. L., Nofal, E., Bunnell, C., Madbak, K., Rao, S. T. V., Devoto, L., Siddiqi, N., Khawaja, Z., Hewes, J. C., Gould, L., Chambers, A., Rodriguez, D. U., Sen, G., Robinson, S., Carney, K., Bartlett, F., Rae, D. M., Stevenson, T. E. J., Sarvananthan, K., Dwerryhouse, S. J., Higgs, S. M., Old, O. J., Hardy, T. J., Shah, R., Hornby, S. T., Keogh, K., Frank, L., Al‐Akash, M., Upchurch, E. A., Frame, R. J., Hughes, M., Jelley, C., Weaver, S., Roy, S., Sillo, T. O., Galanopoulos, G., Cuming, T., Cunha, P., Tayeh, S., Kaptanis, S., Heshaishi, M., Eisawi, A., Abayomi, M., Ngu, W. S., Fleming, K., Bajwa, D. S., Chitre, V., Aryal, K., Ferris, P., Silva, M., Lammy, S., Mohamed, S., Khawaja, A., Hussain, A., Ghazanfar, M. A., Bellini, M. I., Ebdewi, H., Elshaer, M., Gravante, G., Drake, B., Ogedegbe, A., Mukherjee, D., Arhi, C., Iqbal, L. G. N., Watson, N. F., Aggarwal, S. K., Orchard, P., Villatoro, E., Willson, P. D., Mok, J., Woodman, T., Deguara, J., Garcea, G., Babu, B. I., Dennison, A. R., Malde, D., Lloyd, D., Satheesan, S., Al‐Taan, O., Boddy, A., Slavin, J. P., Jones, R. P., Ballance, L., Gerakopoulos, S., Jambulingam, P., Mansour, S., Sakai, N., Acharya, V., Sadat, M. M., Karim, L., Larkin, D., Amin, K., Khan, A., Law, J., Jamdar, S., Smith, S. R., Sampat, K., Oʼshea, K. M., Manu, M., Asprou, F. M., Malik, N. S., Chang, J., Johnstone, M., Lewis, M., Roberts, G. P., Karavadra, B., Photi, E., Hewes, J., Gould, L., Chambers, A., Rodriguez, D., OʼReilly, D. A., Rate, A. J., Sekhar, H., Henderson, L. T., Starmer, B. Z., Coe, P. O., Tolofari, S., Barrie, J., Bashir, G., Sloane, J., Madanipour, S., Halkias, C., Trevatt, A. E. J., Borowski, D. W., Hornsby, J., Courtney, M. J., Virupaksha, S., Seymour, K., Robinson, S., Hawkins, H., Bawa, S., Gallagher, P. V., Reid, A., Wood, P., Finch, J. G., Parmar, J., Stirland, E., Gardner‐Thorpe, J., Al‐Muhktar, A., Peterson, M., Majeed, A., Bajwa, F. M., Martin, J., Choy, A., Tsang, A., Pore, N., Andrew, D. R., Al‐Khyatt, W., Taylor, C., Bhandari, S., Chambers, A., Subramanium, D., Toh, S. K. C., Carter, N. C., Tate, S., Pearce, B., Wainwright, D., Mercer, S. J., Knight, B., Vijay, V., Alagaratnam, S., Sinha, S., Khan, S., El‐Hasani, S. S., Hussain, A. A., Bhattacharya, V., Kansal, N., Fasih, T., Jackson, C., Siddiqui, M. N., Chishti, I. A., Fordham, I. J., Siddiqui, Z., Bausbacher, H., Geogloma, I., Gurung, K., Tsavellas, G., Basynat, P., Shrestha, A. K., Basu, S., Mohan, A. C., Harilingam, M., Rabie, M., Akhtar, M., Kumar, P., Jafferbhoy, S. F., Hussain, N., Raza, S., Haque, M., Alam, I., Aseem, R., Patel, S., Asad, M., Booth, M. I., Ball, W. R., Wood, C. P. J., Pinho‐Gomes, A. C., Kausar, A., Obeidallah, M. R., Varghase, J., Lodhia, J., Bradley, D., Rengifo, C., Lindsay, D., Gopalswamy, S., Finlay, I., Wardle, S., Bullen, N., Iftikhar, S. Y., Awan, A., Ahmed, J., Leeder, P., Fusai, G., Bond‐Smith, G., Psica, A., Puri, Y., Hou, D., Noble, F., Szentpali, K., Broadhurst, J., Date, R., Hossack, M. R., Goh, Y. L., Turner, P., Shetty, V., Riera, M., Macano, C. A.W., Sukha, A., Preston, S. R., Hoban, J. R., Puntis, D. J., Williams, S. V., Krysztopik, R., Kynaston, J., Batt, J., Doe, M., Goscimski, A., Jones, G. H., Smith, S. R., Hall, C., Carty, N., Ahmed, J., Panteleimonitis, S., Gunasekera, R. T., Sheel, A. R. G., Lennon, H., Hindley, C., Reddy, M., Kenny, R., Elkheir, N., McGlone, E. R., Rajaganeshan, R., Hancorn, K., Hargreaves, A., Prasad, R., Longbotham, D. A., Vijayanand, D., Wijetunga, I., Ziprin, P., Nicolay, C. R., Yeldham, G., Read, E., Gossage, J. A., Rolph, R. C., Ebied, H., Phull, M., Khan, M. A., Popplewell, M., Kyriakidis, D., Hussain, A., Henley, N., Packer, J. R., Derbyshire, L., Porter, J., Appleton, S., Farouk, M., Basra, M., Jennings, N. A., Ali, S., Kanakala, V., Ali, H., Lane, R., Dickson‐Lowe, R., Zarsadias, P., Mirza, D., Puig, S., Al Amari, K., Vijayan, D., Sutcliffe, R., Marudanayagam, R., Hamady, Z., Prasad, A. R., Patel, A., Durkin, D., Kaur, P., Bowen, L., Byrne, J. P., Pearson, K. L., Delisle, T. G., Davies, J., Tomlinson, M. A., Johnpulle, M. A., Slawinski, C., Macdonald, A., Nicholson, J., Newton, K., Mbuvi, J., Farooq, A., Mothe, B. S., Zafrani, Z., Brett, D., Francombe, J., Spreadborough, P., Barnes, J., Cheung, M., Al‐Bahrani, A. Z., Preziosi, G., Urbonas, T., Alberts, J., Mallik, M., Patel, K., Segaran, A., Doulias, T., Sufi, P. A., Yao, C., Pollock, S., Manzelli, A., Wajed, S., Kourkulos, M., Pezzuto, R., Wadley, M., Hamilton, E., Jaunoo, S., Padwick, R., Sayegh, M., Newton, R. C., Hebbar, M., Farag, S. F., Spearman, J., Hamdan, M. F., DʼCosta, C., Blane, C., Giles, M., Peter, M. B., Hirst, N. A., Hossain, T., Pannu, A., El‐Dhuwaib, Y., Morrison, T. E. M., Taylor, G. W., Thompson, R. L. E., McCune, K., Loughlin, P., Lawther, R., Byrnes, C. K., Simpson, D. J., Mawhinney, A., Warren, C., McKay, D., McIlmunn, C., Martin, S., MacArtney, M., Diamond, T., Davey, P., Jones, C., Clements, J.M., Digney, R., Chan, W. M., McCain, S., Gull, S., Janeczko, A., Dorrian, E., Harris, A., Dawson, S., Johnston, D., McAree, B., Ghareeb, E., Thomas, G., Connelly, M., McKenzie, S., Cieplucha, K., Spence, G., Campbell, W., Hooks, G., Bradley, N., Hill, A. D. K., Cassidy, J. T., Boland, M., Burke, P., Nally, D. M., Hill, A. D. K., Khogali, E., Shabo, W., Iskandar, E., McEntee, G. P., OʼNeill, M. A., Peirce, C., Lyons, E. M., OʼSullivan, A. W., Thakkar, R., Carroll, P., Ivanovski, I., Balfe, P., Lee, M., Winter, D. C., Kelly, M. E., Hoti, E., Maguire, D., Karunakaran, P., Geoghegan, J. G., McDermott, F., Martin, S. T., Cross, K. S., Cooke, F., Zeeshan, S., Murphy, J. O., Mealy, K., Mohan, H. M., Nedujchelyn, Y., Ullah, M. F., Ahmed, I., Giovinazzo, F., Milburn, J., Prince, S., Brooke, E., Buchan, J., Khalil, A. M., Vaughan, E. M., Ramage, M. I., Aldridge, R. C., Gibson, S., Nicholson, G. A., Vass, D. G., Grant, A. J., Holroyd, D. J., Jones, M. A., Sutton, C. M. L. R., OʼDwyer, P., Nilsson, F., Weber, B., Williamson, T. K., Lalla, K., Bryant, A., Carter, C. R., Forrest, C. R., Hunter, D. I., Nassar, A. H., Orizu, M. N., Knight, K., Qandeel, H., Suttie, S., Belding, R., McClarey, A., Boyd, A. T., Guthrie, G. J. K., Lim, P. J., Luhmann, A., Watson, A. J. M., Richards, C. H., Nicol, L., Madurska, M., Harrison, E., Boyce, K. M., Roebuck, A., Ferguson, G., Pati, P., Wilson, M. S. J., Dalgaty, F., Fothergill, L., Driscoll, P. J., Mozolowski, K. L., Banwell, V., Bennett, S. P., Rogers, P. N., Skelly, B. L., Rutherford, C. L., Mirza, A. K., Lazim, T., Lim, H. C. C., Duke, D., Ahmed, T., Beasley, W. D., Wilkinson, M. D., Maharaj, G., Malcolm, C., Brown, T. H., Shingler, G. M., Mowbray, N., Radwan, R., Morcous, P., Wood, S., Kadhim, A., Stewart, D. J., Baker, A. L., Tanner, N., Shenoy, H., Hafiz, S., De Marchi, J. A., Singh‐Ranger, D., Hisham, E., Ainley, P., OʼNeill, S., Terrace, J., Napetti, S., Hopwood, B., Rhys, T., Downing, J., Kanavati, O., Coats, M., Aleksandrov, D., Kallaway, C., Yahya, S., Weber, B., Templeton, A., Trotter, M., Lo, C., Dhillon, A., Heywood, N., Aawsaj, Y., Hamdan, A., Reece‐Bolton, O., McGuigan, A., Shahin, Y., Ali, A., Luther, A., Nicholson, J. A., Rajendran, I., Boal, M., and Ritchie, J. more...

Published
2017
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27. Direct versus indirect laryngoscopy using a Macintosh video laryngoscope: a mannequin study comparing applied forces

Author

Matteo Parotto, Francesco Cavallin, Vaughan E Bertram, Joanna K Gordon, and Richard M. Cooper

Subjects
Percentile, Glottis, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Laryngoscopy, Video laryngoscope, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, General Medicine, Confidence interval, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, 030202 anesthesiology, Anesthesia, Concave surface, Medicine, Indirect laryngoscopy, business, Airway
Abstract

Upper airway injury and sympathetic activation may be related to the forces applied during laryngoscopy. We compared the applied forces during laryngoscopy using direct and indirect visualization of a standardized mannequin glottis. Force transducers were applied to the concave surface of a GlideScope T-MAC Macintosh-style video laryngoscope that can also be used as a conventional direct-view laryngoscope. Thirty-four anesthesiologists performed four laryngoscopies (two direct and two indirect views) on an Ambu mannequin in a randomized sequence. During each laryngoscopy, participants were instructed to obtain views corresponding to > 80% and 50% of the glottic opening aperture. Peak and impulse forces were measured for each view. To achieve a 50% glottic opening view, the top 10th percentile force was higher with direct vs indirect laryngoscopy in terms of peak (difference, 9.1 newton; 99% confidence interval [CI], 7.4 to 13.9) and impulse (difference, 56.4 newton·sec; 99% CI, 49.0 to 81.7) forces. To achieve >80% view of the glottic opening, median force was higher with direct vs indirect laryngoscopy in terms of peak (difference, 3.6 newton; 99% CI, 1.6 to 7.3) and impulse (difference, 20.4 newton·sec; 99% CI, 11.7 to 35.1) forces. In this mannequin study, lower forces applied during indirect vs direct laryngoscopy may reflect an advantage of video laryngoscopy, but additional studies using patients are required to confirm the clinical implications of these findings. more...

Published
2020
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28. Predicting the difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy: development and validation of a pre-operative risk score using an objective operative difficulty grading system

Author

Nassar, A. H. M., Hodson, J., H. J., Ng, Vohra, R. S., Katbeh, T., Zino, S., Griffiths, E. A., Kirkham, A. J., Pasquali, S., Marriott, P., Johnstone, M., Spreadborough, P., Alderson, D., Fenwick, S., Elmasry, M., Nunes, Q. M., Kennedy, D., Khan, R. B., Khan, M. A. S., Magee, C. J., Jones, S. M., Mason, D., Parappally, C. P., Mathur, P., Saunders, M., Jamel, S., Haque, S. U., Zafar, S., Shiwani, M. H., Samuel, N., Dar, F., Jackson, A., Lovett, B., Dindyal, S., Winter, H., Fletcher, T., Rahman, S., Wheatley, K., Nieto, T., Ayaani, S., Youssef, H., Nijjar, R. S., Watkin, H., Naumann, D., Emesih, S., Sarmah, P. B., Lee, K., Joji, N., Lambert, J., Heath, J., Teasdale, R. L., Weerasinghe, C., Needham, P. J., Welbourn, H., Forster, L., Finch, D., Blazeby, J. M., Robb, W., Mcnair, A. G. K., Hrycaiczuk, A., Charalabopoulos, A., Kadirkamanathan, S., Tang, C. -B., Jayanthi, N. V. G., Noor, N., Dobbins, B., Cockbain, A. J., Nilsen-Nunn, A., de Siqueira, J., Pellen, M., Cowley, J. B., W. -M., Ho, Miu, V., White, T. J., Hodgkins, K. A., Kinghorn, A., Tutton, M. G., Al-Abed, Y. A., Menzies, D., Ahmad, A., Reed, J., Khan, S., Monk, D., Vitone, L. J., Murtaza, G., Joel, A., Brennan, S., Shier, D., Zhang, C., Yoganathan, T., Robinson, S. J., Mccallum, I. J. D., Jones, M. J., Elsayed, M., Tuck, L., Wayman, J., Carney, K., Aroori, S., Hosie, K. B., Kimble, A., Bunting, D. M., Fawole, A. S., Basheer, M., Dave, R. V., Sarveswaran, J., Jones, E., Kendal, C., Tilston, M. P., Gough, M., Wallace, T., Singh, S., Mockford, J. D. K. A., Issa, E., Shah, N., Chauhan, N., Wilson, T. R., Forouzanfar, A., Wild, J. R. L., Nofal, E., Bunnell, C., Madbak, K., Rao, S. T. V., Devoto, L., Siddiqi, N., Khawaja, Z., Hewes, J. C., Gould, L., Chambers, A., Rodriguez, D. U., Sen, G., Robinson, S., Bartlett, F., Rae, D. M., Stevenson, T. E. J., Sarvananthan, K., Dwerryhouse, S. J., Higgs, S. M., Old, O. J., Hardy, T. J., Shah, R., Hornby, S. T., Keogh, K., Frank, L., Al-Akash, M., Upchurch, E. A., Frame, R. J., Hughes, M., Jelley, C., Weaver, S., Roy, S., Sillo, T. O., Galanopoulos, G., Cuming, T., Cunha, P., Tayeh, S., Kaptanis, S., Heshaishi, M., Eisawi, A., Abayomi, M., Ngu, W. S., Fleming, K., Bajwa, D. S., Chitre, V., Aryal, K., Ferris, P., Silva, M., Lammy, S., Mohamed, S., Khawaja, A., Hussain, A., Ghazanfar, M. A., Bellini, M. I., Ebdewi, H., Elshaer, M., Gravante, G., Drake, B., Ogedegbe, A., Mukherjee, D., Arhi, C., Giwa, L., Iqbal, N., Watson, N. F., Aggarwal, S. K., Orchard, P., Villatoro, E., Willson, P. D., Mok, K. W. J., Woodman, T., Deguara, J., Garcea, G., Babu, B. I., Dennison, A. R., Malde, D., Lloyd, D., Satheesan, S., Al-Taan, O., Boddy, A., Slavin, J. P., Jones, R. P., Ballance, L., Gerakopoulos, S., Jambulingam, P., Mansour, S., Sakai, N., Acharya, V., Sadat, M. M., Karim, L., Larkin, D., Amin, K., Khan, A., Law, J., Jamdar, S., Smith, S. R., Sampat, K., O'Shea, K. M., Manu, M., Asprou, F. M., Malik, N. S., Chang, J., Lewis, M., Roberts, G. P., Karavadra, B., Photi, E., Hewes, J., Rodriguez, D., O'Reilly, D. A., Rate, A. J., Sekhar, H., Henderson, L. T., Starmer, B. Z., Coe, P. O., Tolofari, S., Barrie, J., Bashir, G., Sloane, J., Madanipour, S., Halkias, C., Trevatt, A. E. J., Borowski, D. W., Hornsby, J., Courtney, M. J., Virupaksha, S., Seymour, K., Hawkins, H., Bawa, S., Gallagher, P. V., Reid, A., Wood, P., Finch, J. G., Guy Finch, J., Parmar, J., Stirland, E., Gardner-Thorpe, J., Al-Muhktar, A., Peterson, M., Majeed, A., Bajwa, F. M., Martin, J., Choy, A., Tsang, A., Pore, N., Andrew, D. R., Al-Khyatt, W., Taylor, C., Bhandari, S., Subramanium, D., Toh, S. K. C., Carter, N. C., Tate, S., Pearce, B., Wainwright, D., Mercer, S. J., Knight, B., Vijay, V., Alagaratnam, S., Sinha, S., El-Hasani, S. S., Hussain, A. A., Bhattacharya, V., Kansal, N., Fasih, T., Jackson, C., Siddiqui, M. N., Chishti, I. A., Fordham, I. J., Siddiqui, Z., Bausbacher, H., Geogloma, I., Gurung, K., Tsavellas, G., Basynat, P., Shrestha, A. K., Basu, S., Chhabra, A., Harilingam, M., Rabie, M., Akhtar, M., Kumar, P., Jafferbhoy, S. F., Hussain, N., Raza, S., Haque, M., Alam, I., Aseem, R., Patel, S., Asad, M., Booth, M. I., Ball, W. R., Wood, C. P. J., Pinho-Gomes, A. C., Kausar, A., Obeidallah, M. R., Varghase, J., Lodhia, J., Bradley, D., Rengifo, C., Lindsay, D., Gopalswamy, S., Finlay, I., Wardle, S., Bullen, N., Iftikhar, S. Y., Awan, A., Ahmed, J., Leeder, P., Fusai, G., Bond-Smith, G., Psica, A., Puri, Y., Hou, D., Noble, F., Szentpali, K., Broadhurst, J., Date, R., Hossack, M. R., Goh, Y. L., Turner, P., Shetty, V., Riera, M., Macano, C. A. W., Sukha, A., Preston, S. R., Hoban, J. R., Puntis, D. J., Williams, S. V., Krysztopik, R., Kynaston, J., Batt, J., Doe, M., Goscimski, A., Jones, G. H., Hall, C., Carty, N., Panteleimonitis, S., Gunasekera, R. T., Sheel, A. R. G., Lennon, H., Hindley, C., Reddy, M., Kenny, R., Elkheir, N., Mcglone, E. R., Rajaganeshan, R., Hancorn, K., Hargreaves, A., Prasad, R., Longbotham, D. A., Vijayanand, D., Wijetunga, I., Ziprin, P., Nicolay, C. R., Yeldham, G., Read, E., Gossage, J. A., Rolph, R. C., Ebied, H., Phull, M., Khan, M. A., Popplewell, M., Kyriakidis, D., Henley, N., Packer, J. R., Derbyshire, L., Porter, J., Appleton, S., Farouk, M., Basra, M., Jennings, N. A., Ali, S., Kanakala, V., Ali, H., Lane, R., Dickson-Lowe, R., Zarsadias, P., Mirza, D., Puig, S., Al Amari, K., Vijayan, D., Sutcliffe, R., Marudanayagam, R., Hamady, Z., Prasad, A. R., Patel, A., Durkin, D., Kaur, P., Bowen, L., Byrne, J. P., Pearson, K. L., Delisle, T. G., Davies, J., Tomlinson, M. A., Johnpulle, M. A., Slawinski, C., Macdonald, A., Nicholson, J., Newton, K., Mbuvi, J., Farooq, A., Mothe, B. S., Zafrani, Z., Brett, D., Francombe, J., Barnes, J., Cheung, M., Al-Bahrani, A. Z., Preziosi, G., Urbonas, T., Alberts, J., Mallik, M., Patel, K., Segaran, A., Doulias, T., Sufi, P. A., Yao, C., Pollock, S., Manzelli, A., Wajed, S., Kourkulos, M., Pezzuto, R., Wadley, M., Hamilton, E., Jaunoo, S., Padwick, R., Sayegh, M., Newton, R. C., Hebbar, M., Farag, S. F., Spearman, J., Hamdan, M. F., D'Costa, C., Blane, C., Giles, M., Peter, M. B., Hirst, N. A., Hossain, T., Pannu, A., El-Dhuwaib, Y., Morrison, T. E. M., Taylor, G. W., Thompson, R. L. E., Mccune, K., Loughlin, P., Lawther, R., Byrnes, C. K., Simpson, D. J., Mawhinney, A., Warren, C., Mckay, D., Mcilmunn, C., Martin, S., Macartney, M., Diamond, T., Davey, P., Jones, C., Clements, J. M., Digney, R., Chan, W. M., Mccain, S., Gull, S., Janeczko, A., Dorrian, E., Harris, A., Dawson, S., Johnston, D., Mcaree, B., Ghareeb, E., Thomas, G., Connelly, M., Mckenzie, S., Cieplucha, K., Spence, G., Campbell, W., Hooks, G., Bradley, N., Hill, A. D. K., Cassidy, J. T., Boland, M., Burke, P., Nally, D. M., Khogali, E., Shabo, W., Iskandar, E., Mcentee, G. P., O'Neill, M. A., Peirce, C., Lyons, E. M., O'Sullivan, A. W., Thakkar, R., Carroll, P., Ivanovski, I., Balfe, P., Lee, M., Winter, D. C., Kelly, M. E., Hoti, E., Maguire, D., Karunakaran, P., Geoghegan, J. G., Mcdermott, F., Martin, S. T., Cross, K. S., Cooke, F., Zeeshan, S., Murphy, J. O., Mealy, K., Mohan, H. M., Nedujchelyn, Y., Ullah, M. F., Ahmed, I., Giovinazzo, F., Milburn, J., Prince, S., Brooke, E., Buchan, J., Khalil, A. M., Vaughan, E. M., Ramage, M. I., Aldridge, R. C., Gibson, S., Nicholson, G. A., Vass, D. G., Grant, A. J., Holroyd, D. J., Jones, M. A., Sutton, C. M. L. R., O'Dwyer, P., Nilsson, F., Weber, B., Williamson, T. K., Lalla, K., Bryant, A., Carter, C. R., Forrest, C. R., Hunter, D. I., Nassar, A. H., Orizu, M. N., Knight, K., Qandeel, H., Suttie, S., Belding, R., Mcclarey, A., Boyd, A. T., Guthrie, G. J. K., Lim, P. J., Luhmann, A., Watson, A. J. M., Richards, C. H., Nicol, L., Madurska, M., Harrison, E., Boyce, K. M., Roebuck, A., Ferguson, G., Pati, P., Wilson, M. S. J., Dalgaty, F., Fothergill, L., Driscoll, P. J., Mozolowski, K. L., Banwell, V., Bennett, S. P., Rogers, P. N., Skelly, B. L., Rutherford, C. L., Mirza, A. K., Lazim, T., Lim, H. C. C., Duke, D., Ahmed, T., Beasley, W. D., Wilkinson, M. D., Maharaj, G., Malcolm, C., Brown, T. H., Al-Sarireh, B., Shingler, G. M., Mowbray, N., Radwan, R., Morcous, P., Wood, S., Kadhim, A., Stewart, D. J., Baker, A. L., Tanner, N., Shenoy, H., Hafiz, S., De Marchi, J. A., Singh-Ranger, D., Hisham, E., Ainley, P., O'Neill, S., Terrace, J., Napetti, S., Hopwood, B., Rhys, T., Downing, J., Kanavati, O., Coats, M., Aleksandrov, D., Kallaway, C., Yahya, S., Templeton, A., Trotter, M., Lo, C., Dhillon, A., Heywood, N., Aawsaj, Y., Hamdan, A., Reece-Bolton, O., Mcguigan, A., Shahin, Y., Aymon, Luther, A. A., Nicholson, J. A., Rajendran, I., Boal, M., and Ritchie, J. more...

Subjects
Adult, Male, operative difficulty, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Difficulty grading, difficult cholecystectomy, predictive score, surgery, laparoscopic, cholecystectomy, Surgical planning, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Preoperative Care, Humans, Medicine, Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, Framingham Risk Score, business.industry, General surgery, Reproducibility of Results, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Pre operative, Single surgeon, Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic, ROC Curve, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Multivariate Analysis, Cholecystitis, Female, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Surgery, Cholecystectomy, business, Abdominal surgery
Abstract

The prediction of a difficult cholecystectomy has traditionally been based on certain pre-operative clinical and imaging factors. Most of the previous literature reported small patient cohorts and have not used an objective measure of operative difficulty. The aim of this study was to develop a pre-operative score to predict difficult cholecystectomy, as defined by a validated intra-operative difficulty grading scale. Two cohorts from prospectively maintained databases of patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy were analysed: the CholeS Study (8755 patients) and a single surgeon series (4089 patients). Factors potentially predictive of difficulty were correlated to the Nassar intra-operative difficulty scale. A multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was then used to identify factors that were independently associated with difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy, defined as operative difficulty grades 3 to 5. The resulting model was then converted to a risk score, and validated on both internal and external datasets. Increasing age and ASA classification, male gender, diagnosis of CBD stone or cholecystitis, thick-walled gallbladders, CBD dilation, use of pre-operative ERCP and non-elective operations were found to be significant independent predictors of difficult cases. A risk score based on these factors returned an area under the ROC curve of 0.789 (95% CI 0.773–0.806, p more...

Published
2019
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37. Care transitions and social needs: A Geriatric Emergency care Applied Research (GEAR) Network scoping review and consensus statement

Author

Gettel, Cameron J., primary, Voils, Corrine I., additional, Bristol, Alycia A., additional, Richardson, Lynne D., additional, Hogan, Teresita M., additional, Brody, Abraham A., additional, Gladney, Micaela N., additional, Suyama, Joe, additional, Ragsdale, Luna C., additional, Binkley, Christine L., additional, Morano, Carmen L., additional, Seidenfeld, Justine, additional, Hammouda, Nada, additional, Ko, Kelly J., additional, Hwang, Ula, additional, Hastings, Susan N., additional, Bellolio, M. Fernanda, additional, Biese, Kevin, additional, Binkley, Christine, additional, Bott, Nicholas, additional, Brody, Abraham, additional, Carpenter, Christopher, additional, Clark, Sunday, additional, Dresden, M. Scott, additional, Forrester, Savannah, additional, Gerson, Lowell, additional, Gettel, Cameron, additional, Goldberg, Elizabeth, additional, Greenberg, Allyson, additional, Han, Jin, additional, Hastings, S. Nicole, additional, Hogan, Tess, additional, Hung, William, additional, Kayser, Jay, additional, Kennedy, Maura, additional, Ko, Kelly, additional, Lesser, Adriane, additional, Linton, Elizabeth, additional, Liu, Shan, additional, Malsch, Aaron, additional, Matlock, Daniel, additional, McFarland, Frances, additional, Melady, Don, additional, Morano, Carmen, additional, Morrow‐Howell, Nancy, additional, Nassisi, Denise, additional, Nerbonne, Lori, additional, Nyamu, Sylvie, additional, Ohuabunwa, Ugochi, additional, Platts‐Mills, Timothy, additional, Ragsdale, Luna, additional, Richardson, Lynne, additional, Ringer, Thom, additional, Rosen, Anthony, additional, Rosenberg, Mark, additional, Shah, Manish, additional, Skains, Rachel, additional, Skees, Stephanie, additional, Souffront, Kimberly, additional, Stabler, Laura, additional, Sullivan, Connor, additional, Vargas, Samuel, additional, Camille Vaughan, E, additional, Voils, Corrine, additional, Wei, Daniel, additional, and Wexler, Nancy, additional more...

Published
2021
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38. Short chain fatty acids in human gut and metabolic health

Author

Blaak, E. E., Canfora, E. E., Theis, S., Frost, G., Groen, A. K., Mithieux, G., Nauta, A., Scott, K., Stahl, B., van Harsselaar, J., van Tol, R., Vaughan, E. E., Verbeke, K., Afd Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Maastricht University [Maastricht], Südzucker Group [Mannheim, Germany] (SG), Imperial College London, University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), University of Groningen [Groningen], Nutrition, diabète et cerveau, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), FrieslandCampina [Amersfoort, the Netherlands] (FC), University of Aberdeen, Danone Nutricia Research [Utrecht], Utrecht University [Utrecht], Reckitt Benckiser/Mead Johnson Nutrition [Nijmegen, the Netherlands] (RB/MJN), Sensus (Royal Cosun) [Roosendaal, the Netherlands], Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders [Leuven, Belgium] (TARGID), Nutrition, diabète et cerveau (NUDICE), Di Carlo, Marie-Ange, Afd Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, and Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery more...

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Gastrointestinal Diseases, BUTYRATE-PRODUCING BACTERIA, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Glucose homeostasis, Food science, 2. Zero hunger, GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE-1, CALCIUM-ABSORPTION, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, dietary fibre, Dietary fibre, food and beverages, Sodium butyrate, Glucagon-like peptide-1, 3. Good health, PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTOR, ADIPOSE-TISSUE, ULCERATIVE-COLITIS, Butyrate-Producing Bacteria, Carbohydrate Metabolism, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Animal studies, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Microbiology (medical), DIET-INDUCED OBESITY, Metabolic health, SODIUM-BUTYRATE, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Butyrate, Biology, Microbiology, digestive system, 03 medical and health sciences, Immune system, Animals, Humans, Obesity, Microbiome, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], metabolic health, Science & Technology, Host Microbial Interactions, Nutrition & Dietetics, Fatty Acids, Volatile, SCFA, gut health, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Gastrointestinal Tract, Prebiotics, 030104 developmental biology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, chemistry, BARRIER FUNCTION, INTESTINAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS, Gut health, prebiotics
Abstract

Evidence is accumulating that short chain fatty acids (SCFA) play an important role in the maintenance of gut and metabolic health. The SCFA acetate, propionate and butyrate are produced from the microbial fermentation of indigestible carbohydrates and appear to be key mediators of the beneficial effects elicited by the gut microbiome. Microbial SCFA production is essential for gut integrity by regulating the luminal pH, mucus production, providing fuel for epithelial cells and effects on mucosal immune function. SCFA also directly modulate host metabolic health through a range of tissue-specific mechanisms related to appetite regulation, energy expenditure, glucose homeostasis and immunomodulation. Therefore, an increased microbial SCFA production can be considered as a health benefit, but data are mainly based on animal studies, whereas well-controlled human studies are limited. In this review an expert group by ILSI Europe's Prebiotics Task Force discussed the current scientific knowledge on SCFA to consider the relationship between SCFA and gut and metabolic health with a particular focus on human evidence. Overall, the available mechanistic data and limited human data on the metabolic consequences of elevated gut-derived SCFA production strongly suggest that increasing SCFA production could be a valuable strategy in the preventing gastro-intestinal dysfunction, obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nevertheless, there is an urgent need for well controlled longer term human SCFA intervention studies, including measurement of SCFA fluxes and kinetics, the heterogeneity in response based on metabolic phenotype, the type of dietary fibre and fermentation site in fibre intervention studies and the control for factors that could shape the microbiome like diet, physical activity and use of medication. ispartof: BENEFICIAL MICROBES vol:11 issue:5 pages:411-455 ispartof: location:Netherlands status: published more...

Published
2020
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39. VALUE study: a protocol for a qualitative semi-structured interview study of IVF add-ons use by patients, clinicians and embryologists in the UK and Australia

Author

Armstrong, SC, Lensen, S, Vaughan, E, Wainwright, E, Peate, M, Balen, AH, Farquhar, CM, Pacey, A, Armstrong, SC, Lensen, S, Vaughan, E, Wainwright, E, Peate, M, Balen, AH, Farquhar, CM, and Pacey, A

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: For couples undergoing assisted reproduction, a plethora of adjuncts are available; these are known as 'add-ons'. Most add-ons are not supported by good quality randomised trial evidence of efficacy, with some proven to be ineffective. However, estimates suggest that over 70% of fertility clinics provide at least one add-on, often at extra cost to the patient. This study has three aims. First, to undertake a survey of in vitro fertilisation (IVF) clinics in the UK to ascertain which add-ons are being offered and at what cost. Second, to undertake qualitative semi-structured interviews of patients, clinicians and embryologists, to explore their opinions and beliefs surrounding add-ons. Third, to review the interpretation of the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority traffic light system, to better understand the information required by IVF patients, clinicians and embryologists when making decisions about add-ons. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: All UK IVF clinics will be contacted by email and invited to complete an online survey. The survey will ask them which add-ons they offer, at what cost per cycle and how information is shared with patients. Semi-structured interviews will be conducted in the UK and Australia with three groups of participants: (i) fertility patients; (ii) clinicians and (iii) embryologists. Participants for the interviews will be recruited via social media channels, website adverts, email and snowball sampling. Up to 20 participants will be recruited for each group in each country. Following an online consent process, interviews will be conducted via video-conferencing software, transcribed verbatim and data subjected to inductive thematic analysis. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval has been granted by the Universities of Sheffield, Bath Spa and Melbourne. Findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and disseminated to regulatory bodies in the UK and Australia. A lay summary of findings will be shared via Fertility more...

Published
2021

40. Effect of combination therapy with enalapril and the TGF-[beta] antagonist 1D11 in unilateral ureteral obstruction

Author

El Chaar, Maher, Chen, Jie, Seshan, Surya V., Jha, Sharda, Richardson, Ingride, Ledbetter, Steven R., Vaughan, E. Darracott, Jr., Poppas, Dix P., and Feisen, Diane

Subjects
Enzyme inhibitors -- Health aspects, Fibrosis -- Care and treatment, Fibrosis -- Research, Biological sciences
Abstract

In unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO), the kidney is characterized by increased fibrosis and apoptosis. Both transforming growth factor-[beta] (TGF-[beta]) and ANG II have been implicated, and ANG II may mediate its effects through TGF-[beta]. Previous studies demonstrated amelioration of renal damage when either TGF-[beta] or ANG II has been individually targeted. In this study, we sought to determine whether combining 1D11 (monoclonal antibody to TGF-[beta]) and an ACE inhibitor, enalapril, would be more effective in UUO than either individual treatment, as has been shown in diabetic and glomerulonephritic models. Rats underwent UUO and were given either control monoclonal antibody, 1D11 or enalapril, or 1D11/enalapril combination, for 14 days. Kidneys were harvested and examined for fibrosis [trichrome; collagen (real-time PCR, Sircol assay) and fibroblast-specific protein expression (immunohistochemistry), apoptosis (TUNEL), macrophage infiltration (immunohistochemistry), and TGF-[beta] expression (real-time PCR and tubular localization with immunohistochemistry)]. UUO was found to induce fibrosis, apoptosis, macrophage infiltration, and TGF-[beta] expression in the obstructed kidney. Administration of either 1D11 or enalapril individually significantly decreased all these changes; when 1D11 and enalapril were combined, there was little additive effect, and the combination did not provide full protection against damage. The results demonstrate that, for the most part, combination therapy is not additive in UUO. This could be due to the continued presence of a physical obstruction or to biochemical differences between UUO and other renal disease models. Furthermore, it suggests that other targets may be amenable to pharmacological manipulation in UUO. fibrosis; apoptosis; transforming growth factor-[beta]; converting enzyme inhibitor more...

Published
2007

46. Contributors

Author

Adams, Mark C., primary, Albala, David M., additional, Anger, Jennifer T., additional, Anoia, Elizabeth, additional, Assimos, Dean G., additional, Auge, Brian K., additional, Bagley, Demetrius H., additional, Baker, Linda A., additional, Barocas, Daniel A., additional, Barry, John M., additional, Baskin, Laurence S., additional, Beck, Stephen, additional, Bella, Anthony J., additional, Bishoff, Jay T., additional, Bivalacqua, Trinity J., additional, Blaivas, Jerry G., additional, Blute, Michael L., additional, Boorjian, Stephen Anthony, additional, Borer, Joseph, additional, Borin, James F., additional, Brant, William O., additional, Brock, John W., additional, Broghammer, Joshua A., additional, Brugh, Victor M., additional, Buckley, Jill C., additional, Bullock, Travis L., additional, Burkhard, Fiona C., additional, Burnett, Arthur L., additional, Cadeddu, Jeffrey A., additional, Campbell, Jeffrey B., additional, Canes, David, additional, Cartwright, Patrick C., additional, Castle, Erik P., additional, Champagne, Bradley, additional, Chang, Sam S., additional, Chen, Tony Y., additional, Cheng, Earl Y., additional, Cherullo, Edward, additional, Christie, Alison M., additional, Clark, Peter E., additional, Clayman, Ralph V., additional, Cookson, Michael S., additional, Corbett, Sean T., additional, Costabile, Raymond A., additional, Davis, Rodney, additional, Deane, Leslie A., additional, Dechet, Christopher B., additional, DeLancey, John O.L., additional, DeMarco, Romano T., additional, Denstedt, John D., additional, Desai, Mahesh R., additional, Desai, Mihir M., additional, Desai, Rahul A., additional, Disick, Grant, additional, Dmochowski, Roger R., additional, Elder, Jack S., additional, Elliott, Sean P., additional, Elmajian, Donald A., additional, Fergany, Amr, additional, Flynn, Brian J., additional, Fossett, Lindsay, additional, Foster, Richard, additional, Ganpule, Arvind P., additional, Gargollo, Patricio, additional, Gill, Inderbir S., additional, Gjertson, Carl K., additional, Goldfarb, David A., additional, Goldstein, Marc, additional, Gonzalgo, Mark L., additional, Gormley, E. Ann, additional, Guralnick, Michael, additional, Haber, Georges-Pascal, additional, Haleblian, George E., additional, Hartke, David, additional, Hellstrom, Wayne J.G., additional, Herrell, S. Duke, additional, Hinman, † Frank, additional, Holzbeierlein, Jeffrey M., additional, Horowitz, Andrew I., additional, Hulbert, William C., additional, Ihara, Hiroyuki, additional, Inman, Brant, additional, Jarrett, Thomas W., additional, Jordan, Gerald H., additional, Kaplan, Steven A., additional, Kaufman, Melissa R., additional, Kavoussi, Louis R., additional, Kesler, Stuart, additional, Kick, Phillip S., additional, Kirsch, Andrew J., additional, Klein, Frederick A., additional, Kobashi, Kathleen C., additional, Koenig, Philippe, additional, Koh, Chester J., additional, Kokorowski, Paul, additional, Krishnamurthi, Venkatesh, additional, Kropp, Bradley P., additional, Kuo, Ramsay L., additional, Landman, Jaime, additional, Larson, Kindra, additional, Latini, Jerilyn M., additional, Leach, Gary E., additional, Lee, David I., additional, Leng, Wendy W., additional, L’Esperance, James O., additional, Leveillee, Raymond J., additional, Levy, David A., additional, Lingeman, James E., additional, Lue, Tom F., additional, Makari, John H., additional, Marderstein, Eric L., additional, Marguet, Charles G., additional, Martin, Frances M., additional, McAninch, Jack W., additional, McClure, R. Dale, additional, McGuire, Edward J., additional, McVary, Kevin T., additional, Mevorach, Robert A., additional, Middleton, Richard G., additional, Milam, Douglas F., additional, Miller, Elizabeth A., additional, Miller, Nicole, additional, Modder, Joshua K., additional, Moinzadeh, Ali, additional, Monga, Manoj, additional, Montague, Drogo K., additional, Montie, James, additional, Moore, Charles R., additional, Morey, Allen F., additional, Morgan, Daniel M., additional, Morrisroe, Shelby N., additional, Mufarrij, Patrick W., additional, Munver, Ravi, additional, Ng, Christopher S., additional, Nisbet, Alan A., additional, Novick, †Andrew C., additional, O’Connor, R. Corey, additional, Okeke, Zeph, additional, Pak, Raymond W., additional, Parekh, Dipen J., additional, Pearle, Margaret S., additional, Perer, Elise, additional, Peterson, Andrew C., additional, Phillips, Courtney K., additional, Pierre, Ketsia, additional, Polascik, Thomas J., additional, Ponsky, Lee, additional, Pope, John, additional, Preminger, Glenn M., additional, Prieto, Juan C., additional, Rabinowitz, Ronald, additional, Rapp, David E., additional, Raz, Shlomo, additional, Redman, John F., additional, Richstone, Lee, additional, Roberts, William W., additional, Rosen, Michael J., additional, Rosenblatt, Gregory S., additional, Rowland, Randall G., additional, Saini, Rajiv, additional, Sampaio, Francisco J.B., additional, Scarpero, Harriette M., additional, Scherr, Douglas S., additional, Schlegel, Peter N., additional, Sherman, Neil D., additional, Shields, John, additional, Shinohara, Katsuto, additional, Siegel, Steven W., additional, Skinner, Eila, additional, Skoog, Steven J., additional, Smith, Arthur D., additional, Smith, Joseph A., additional, Snodgrass, Warren T., additional, Soltanian, Hooman, additional, Sotelo, Rene, additional, Spirnak, J. Patrick, additional, Steers, William D., additional, Stein, † John P., additional, Stifelman, Michael D., additional, Studer, Urs E., additional, Sundaram, Chandru P., additional, Sur, Roger L., additional, Sutherland, Richard W., additional, Suzuki, Kazuo, additional, Tan, Yeh Hong, additional, Tanrikut, Cigdem, additional, Thiel, David D., additional, Thomas, John C., additional, Thomas, Raju, additional, Triaca, Veronica, additional, Trunzo, Joseph A., additional, Tsuru, Nobuo, additional, Turek, Paul J., additional, Twiss, Christian O., additional, Vanderbrink, Brian A., additional, Vasavada, Sandip P., additional, Vaughan, E. Darracott, additional, Venable, Dennis D., additional, Vourganti, Srinivas, additional, Wagner, Kristofer R., additional, Walsh, Dena L., additional, Walsh, Thomas J., additional, Wan, Julian, additional, Waters, W. Bedford, additional, Webster, George D., additional, Wessells, Hunter, additional, White, Wesley M., additional, Wiener, MD, John S., additional, Wignall, Geoffrey R., additional, Winfield, Howard N., additional, Wise, Paul E., additional, Wolf, J. Stuart, additional, Wolter, Christopher E., additional, Woods, Michael E., additional, and Zeltser, Ilia S., additional more...

Published
2012
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48. Renal damage progresses despite improvement of renal function after relief of unilateral ureteral obstruction in adult rats

Author

Ito, Keiichi, Chen, Jie, El Chaar, Maher, Stern, Joshua M., Seshan, Surya V., Khodadadian, Jonathan J., Richardson, Ingride, Hyman, Michael J., Vaughan, E. Darracott, Jr., Poppas, Dix P., and Felsen, Diane more...

Subjects
Transforming growth factors -- Research, Fibrosis -- Research, Biological sciences
Abstract

Progression of renal damage after relief of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) has been demonstrated, especially in neonatal rats. We evaluated renal function and renal damage after relief of 3-day UUO in five groups of adult rats: group 1, no treatment; group 2, 3-day UUO; groups 3-5, 3-day UUO followed by relief; group 3, 7-day relief; group 4, 14-day relief; and group 5, 28-day relief. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR), renal blood flow (RBF), tissue transforming growth factor-[beta] (TGF-[beta]), interstitial fibrosis and fibroblast expression, tubular apoptosis, macrophage infiltration, expression of nitric oxide synthases (NOS), and urinary nitrate/nitrite (N[O.sub.2]/N[O.sub.3]) were evaluated. RBF and GFR were decreased to Sprague-Dawley rats; interstitial fibrosis; apoptosis; transforming growth factor-[beta]; FSP; nitric oxide more...

Published
2004

49. Effect of UUO on [D.sub.1a]R expression reveals a link among dopamine, transforming growth factor-[beta], and nitric oxide

Author

Stern, Joshua M., Chen, Jie, Silver, Randi B., Poppas, Dix P., Vaughan, E. Darracott, Jr., and Felsen, Diane

Subjects
Transforming growth factors -- Research, Kidneys -- Research, Biological sciences
Abstract

Interactions between transforming growth factor-[beta] (TGF-[beta]) and nitric oxide (NO) are important in the pathophysiology of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Dopamine (DA) is a vasoactive renal mediator active at the [D.sub.1A] receptor ([D.sub.1A]R), which has not been studied in UUO; therefore, we examined the interactions among DA, TGF-[beta], and NO in UUO. In vivo, UUO was carried out in rats with or without concurrent treatment with 1D11, a monoclonal antibody to TGF-[beta], for 14 days. In vitro, NRK-52E cells (normal rat kidney tubules) were treated with DA, and NO and TGF-[beta] release were examined. UUO resulted in a 70% decrease in the expression of renal [D.sub.1A]R, confirmed by both Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. 1D11 treatment restored expression to 60% of control values. DA treatment decreased NRK-52E release of TGF-[beta] by 80%; conversely, DA significantly increased NO release from NRK-52E cells. These results suggest that DA modulates the release of cytokines, which are involved in the fibrotic and apoptotic sequelae of UUO, and that these effects are independent of DA's known vasoactive properties. kidney; obstructive uropathy; apoptosis; unilateral ureteral obstruction; [D.sub.1A] receptor more...

Published
2004