75 results on '"Vasopressine"'
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2. Just the facts: peripheral vasopressors
- Author
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Sharif, Sameer and Gray, Sara
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Inspanning onder warme en koude omstandigheden
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Kenney, Larry W., Wilmore, Jack H., Costill, David L., Lindauer, Ramón, Kenney, Larry W., Wilmore, Jack H., Costill, David L., and Lindauer, Ramón
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Rôle physiologique du récepteur de l'apéline : Implication dans le maintien de l'équilibre hydrique et de l'hyponatrémie.
- Author
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Girault-Sotias, Pierre-Emmanuel, De Mota, Nadia, and Llorens-Cortès, Catherine
- Subjects
APELIN ,VASOPRESSIN ,HYPONATREMIA - Abstract
Copyright of Biologie Aujourd'hui is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
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- View/download PDF
5. Polykystose rénale, pour une bonne dispensation du tolvaptan.
- Author
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Buxeraud, Jacques, Faure, Sébastien, and Picard, Nicolas
- Abstract
Résumé La polykystose rénale autosomique dominante est une maladie génétique caractérisée par le développement de kystes entraînant, à terme, une insuffisance rénale. Le tolvaptan est le premier médicament indiqué pour ralentir sa progression. Il nécessite de la part du pharmacien des conseils éclairés pour sécuriser au mieux le traitement du patient. Summary Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is a genetic disease characterised by the development of cysts resulting, in the long term, in kidney failure. Tolvaptan is the medicine most commonly prescribed to slow down its progression. The pharmacist must be able to give informed advice to ensure the patient's treatment is as safe as possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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- View/download PDF
6. Are plasma oxytocin and vasopressin levels reflective of amygdala activation during the processing of negative emotions? A preliminary study
- Author
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Kosuke eMotoki, Motoaki eSugiura, Hikaru eTakeuchi, Yuka eKotozaki, Seishu eNakagawa, Ryoichi eYokoyama, and Ryuta eKawashima
- Subjects
Oxytocin ,functional magnetic resonance imaging ,emotion processing ,sex differences ,Vasopressine ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
Plasma oxytocin (OT) and arginine vasopressin (AVP) are associated with individual differences in emotional responses and behaviors. The amygdala is considered to be an important brain region for regulating emotion-based behavior, with OT and AVP modulating activity in the amygdala during the processing of negative emotions. In particular, increased OT levels may diminish amygdala activation (anxiolytic effects) and enhanced AVP levels may augment amygdala activation (anxiogenic effects) when negative emotions are processed. A growing body of research has shown that the effects of OT and AVP are modulated by sex: the aforementioned anxiolytic effects of OT and the anxiogenic effects of AVP occur in men, but not in women. However, we have little knowledge regarding the biological mechanisms underlying OT and AVP plasma levels or their respective anxiogenic and anxiolytic effects; similarly, little is known about the causes and nature of sex differences related to these neuropeptides and their effects on emotional processing. In the current study, we focused on the neural functions associated with the biological mechanisms underlying such effects. We hypothesized that amygdala activation would correlate with plasma OT (anxiolytic effects) and AVP (anxiogenic effects) levels because the amygdala is thought to affect the coordinated release of these neuropeptides following affective experiences. We further hypothesized that the effects would be modulated by sex. We assessed 51 participants (male and female) using a paradigm involving negative emotion in conjunction with functional magnetic resonance imaging and measurements of plasma OT and AVP levels. We determined that increased plasma AVP levels were positively associated with amygdala activation (anxiogenic effects) in men, but not in women. These findings highlight the potential underlying neural mechanisms of plasma AVP levels in men.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Metabolically stable apelin analogs in the treatment of hyponatremia and heart failure after myocardial infarction
- Author
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Girault-Sotias, Pierre-Emmanuel, STAR, ABES, Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en biologie (CIRB), Labex MemoLife, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Cité, Catherine Llorens-Cortes, and Xavier Iturrioz
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Apelin analog ,Diurèse ,Cardiac function ,Fibrose ,Heart failure ,Remodelage ,Fibrosis ,Remodeling ,Aquarétique ,Diuresis ,Insuffisance cardiaque ,Récepteur de l'Apéline ,Apelin receptor ,Vasopressine ,[SDV.SP.PHARMA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology ,Aquaretics ,Analogue de l'apéline ,[SDV.SP.PHARMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology ,Fonction cardiaque ,Hyponatrémie ,Vasopressin ,Hyponatremia - Abstract
Apelin is a peptide of neuroendocrine origin. Apelin and its receptor (Apelin-R) co-localize with arginine-vasopressin (AVP) in magnocellular vasopressinergic neurons. The Apelin-R is also localized in the kidney, in the collecting ducts with the AVP type 2 receptor (V2-R) responsible for the antidiuretic effect of AVP. AVP and apelin are conversely regulated by osmotic stimuli to maintain body fluid homeostasis. The Apelin-R is also expressed in vessels and heart. Apelin (K17F) exerts aquaretic, vasodilatory and positive inotropic effects. Since the half-life of apelin in vivo is less than one minute, limiting its therapeutic use, we developed a metabolically stable K17F analog, LIT01-196, which behaves as a potent full agonist for the Apelin-R and has a plasma half-life superior to 24 h compared to 4.6 min for K17F. We therefore hypothesized that the activation of the Apelin-R by LIT01-196 could be beneficial for the treatment of the Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuresis (SIAD), in which hypersecretion of AVP leads to hyponatremia. The work in this thesis shows that LIT01-196, has an in vivo half-life of 156 minutes in the bloodstream after subcutaneous administration in control rats. In a highly differentiated murine collecting duct principal cell line (mpkCCD cells), LIT01-196 decreases dDAVP (V2-R agonist)-induced cAMP production and apical cell surface expression of phosphorylated AQP2 via V2-R. In a rat experimental model of AVP-induced hyponatremia, the administration of LIT01-196 by subcutaneous route, blocks the antidiuretic effect of AVP and the AVP-induced increase in urinary osmolality, decreasing water reabsorption, increasing aqueous diuresis and resulting in a progressive improvement of hyponatremia. Our data suggest that Apelin-R activation by LIT01-196 could constitute a novel approach for the treatment of hyponatremia. Secondly, knowing that the Apelin-R is present in heart and vessels and apelin increases cardiac contractility, while reducing vascular resistance, we hypothesized that treatment with LIT01-196 could be beneficial to prevent the development of heart failure after myocardial infarction. Post-myocardial infarction heart failure is associated with excess mortality, and despite the therapeutic arsenal available to date, it remains a major public health problem. In this thesis, we evaluated the effects of chronic treatment with LIT01-196 during four weeks after myocardial infarction in mice on cardiac function, cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Chronic treatment with LIT01-196 administered subcutaneously in post-myocardial infarction mice significantly improved cardiac function by improving systolic function and reducing left ventricular (LV) volumes and diameters. Various biomarkers of heart failure, measured by quantitative RT-PCR, are also reduced (ANF and BNP). In addition, the measurement of hemodynamic parameters allowed us to observe the maintenance of arterial pressure while increasing myocardial contractility, decreasing intracardiac pressure at the end of diastole and maintaining a normal intracardiac pressure at the end of systole. LIT01-196 also exerts cardioprotective effects by decreasing infarct size, the LV wall thickness and cardiac fibrosis. Since hyponatremia has been identified as a risk factor for increased morbidity and mortality in patients with heart failure and LIT01-196 improves hyponatremia and cardiac function, Apelin-R activation by an agonist could therefore constitute an original pharmacological approach for the treatment of heart failure., L'apéline, un peptide d'origine neuro-endocrine, et son récepteur (Apéline-R) sont co-localisés avec l'arginine-vasopressine (AVP) dans les neurones magnocellulaires vasopressinergiques. L'Apéline-R est aussi présent dans le rein, dans les canaux collecteurs (CC) avec le récepteur de l'AVP de type 2 (V2-R), responsable de l'effet antidiurétique de l'AVP. L'apéline et l'AVP sont régulées de façon opposée par les stimuli osmotiques pour maintenir l'équilibre hydrique de l'organisme. Les Apéline-R sont aussi exprimés dans les vaisseaux et le coeur. L'apéline-17 (K17F) exerce des effets aquarétique, vasodilatateur et inotrope positif. La demi-vie de l'apéline in vivo étant inférieure à la minute, limitant son usage thérapeutique, nous avons développé un analogue de K17F métaboliquement stable, le LIT01-196, qui se comporte comme un puissant agoniste complet de l'Apéline-R et a une demi-vie dans le plasma de 24 h contre 4,6 min pour K17F. I- Nous avons émis l'hypothèse que l'activation de l'Apéline-R par le LIT01-196 pourrait être bénéfique pour le traitement du Syndrome d'Antidiurèse Inappropriée, dans lequel l'hypersécrétion d'AVP conduit à l'hyponatrémie. Ce travail de thèse montre que le LIT01-196 a une demi-vie in vivo de 156 minutes dans la circulation sanguine après administration par voie sous-cutanée (s.c.) chez le rat. Dans une lignée de cellules immortalisées issues de cellules principales de CC, les cellules mpkCCD qui expriment l'Apéline-R, le V2-R et les canaux à eau (les aquaporines 2, AQP2), le LIT01-196 diminue la production d'AMPc induite par la dDAVP (un agoniste du V2-R) et diminue la translocation des AQP2 phosphorylées à la membrane apicale de ces cellules. Dans un modèle expérimental d'hyponatrémie induite par une perfusion continue d'AVP, le LIT01-196 administré par voie s.c bloque l'effet antidiurétique et l'augmentation de l'osmolalité urinaire induits par l'AVP, ce qui augmente la diurèse aqueuse et induit une amélioration progressive de l'hyponatrémie. Ceci suggère que l'activation de l'Apéline-R par le LIT01-196 pourrait constituer une nouvelle approche pharmacologique pour le traitement de l'hyponatrémie. II- Sachant que l'apéline via son récepteur augmente la contractilité cardiaque, tout en réduisant les résistances vasculaires, nous avons émis l'hypothèse qu'un traitement par le LIT01-196 pourrait être bénéfique pour prévenir le développement de l'insuffisance cardiaque (IC) après infarctus du myocarde (IM). L'IC après IM est associée à une mortalité élevée, malgré l'arsenal thérapeutique disponible à ce jour, elle demeure un problème majeur de santé publique. Nous avons évalué, dans ce travail de thèse, les effets d'un traitement chronique par le LIT01-196 pendant quatre semaines après un IM chez la souris sur la fonction cardiaque, l'hypertrophie et la fibrose cardiaques. Le traitement chronique par le LIT01-196 administré par voie s.c chez des souris après IM, obtenu par ligature de l'artère coronaire, améliore la fonction cardiaque de manière significative en améliorant la fonction systolique et en réduisant les volumes et diamètres du ventricule gauche (VG). Différents biomarqueurs de l'IC, mesurés par RT-PCR quantitative sont également réduits (ANF et BNP). De plus, la mesure des paramètres hémodynamiques a permis d'observer après traitement par le LIT01-196, le maintien de la pression artérielle tout en augmentant la contractilité du myocarde, en diminuant la pression intracardiaque en fin de diastole et en maintenant une pression intracardiaque en fin de systole normale. Le LIT01-196 exerce aussi des effets cardioprotecteurs en diminuant la taille de l'infarctus, l'épaisseur des parois du VG et la fibrose cardiaque. Sachant que l'hyponatrémie aggrave la mortalité chez les patients insuffisants cardiaques et que le LIT01-196 améliore l'hyponatrémie et la fonction cardiaque, l'activation de l'Apéline-R pourrait constituer une approche pharmacologique intéressante pour le traitement de l'IC.
- Published
- 2022
8. The psychobiology of early fatherhood: exploring the neural and hormonal aspects
- Author
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Lotz, Anna Marlijn, Bakermans, Marian, Schuengel, C, Buisman, Renate, Verhees, Martine, LEARN! - Child rearing, and Clinical Child and Family Studies
- Subjects
hormones ,oxytocine ,vasopressin ,vader ,hormonen ,cortisol ,fatherhood ,sensitivity ,vaderschap ,protectief gedrag ,protective behavior ,oxytocin ,testosterone ,father ,sensitiviteit ,vasopressine ,testosteron - Abstract
Fathers’ involvement and parenting behaviors are associated with positive child development, attachment security, and well-being of the child. Interestingly, only little research focused on the onset of these parental behaviors and its possible underlying biological mechanism in men becoming a father. The overall aim of the current dissertation was to further explore the psychobiology of fatherhood and to test the associations between the neural and hormonal components and parenting behavior in fathers. In Chapter 2, we reviewed previous literature on fatherhood and proposed a biobehavioral model of the emergence of fatherhood incorporating social-cultural, behavioral, hormonal, and neural aspects in the context of the prenatal, perinatal and postnatal phases of fatherhood. In Chapter 3, we focused on the influence of vasopressin administration and infant’s birth on fathers’ thoughts and feelings about their infant and the desired relationship measured via the Five Minute Speech Sample. Analyses did not reveal a significant effect of vasopressin administration on FMSS-based expressed emotion, emotional content, and emotional prosody in the current study. These results suggest that fathers’ thoughts and feelings about their unborn child might be independent of vasopressin. In the context of infant’s birth, analyses showed that the fathers stated more positive comments about their infant after birth compared to when they were expecting. Moreover, a decrease in emotional prosody parameters was observed. Based on these results, it might be speculated that infant’s birth is more influential with regard to fathers’ expressed thoughts and feelings than vasopressin administration in the late prenatal phase of fatherhood. In Chapter 4, we studied the relation between oxytocin, vasopressin, testosterone and cortisol, and fathers’ sensitive parenting behavior in the early postnatal phase of fatherhood. Structural Equation Models did not reveal any significant associations between paternal sensitivity and basal hormone levels or hormone reactivity. Exploration of interaction effects of basal hormones on sensitivity indicated that the interaction testosterone*cortisol best predicted paternal sensitivity. Post-hoc analyses indicated a stronger positive association between testosterone and sensitivity for fathers with lower cortisol levels compared to fathers with higher cortisol levels. These results suggest that observed variation in paternal sensitivity might be better explained by interactions between hormones than by single hormone levels. In Chapter 5, we explored fathers’ protective parenting behavior and its possible hormonal and neural correlates. Analyses revealed that the paradigms for self-reported and observed protective behavior obtained good reliability. However, there was little overlap between observed and self-reported protective behavior. FMRI analyses revealed that we replicated and validated the role of several brain networks in the processing of infant-threatening situations previously observed by van ‘t Veer and colleagues (2019). Lastly, bivariate correlations revealed no associations between basal testosterone and vasopressin, neural responses and paternal protective behavior. Based on these findings, it may be concluded that both testosterone and vasopressin baseline levels and neural responses to infant threatening situations may not be suitable correlates of paternal protective behavior in the early phase of fatherhood. In sum, based on the empirical results presented in this dissertation, we cannot conclude that basal hormone levels and hormone reactivity are related to fathers’ sensitive and protective behavior in the late prenatal and early postnatal phase of fatherhood. Moreover, our results do not support our hypothesis that neural responses to infant threatening stimuli are related to behavioral components of infant protection in fathers. Interestingly, exploratory analyses indicated that the interaction effects of basal hormones may be promising for future research to explain observed variations in paternal behavior. Further examination of the psychobiology of paternal behavior is necessary to better understand the role of the neuroendocrine system in the development of paternal protection and paternal sensitivity.
- Published
- 2021
9. The psychobiology of early fatherhood: exploring the neural and hormonal aspects
- Subjects
hormones ,oxytocine ,vasopressin ,vader ,hormonen ,cortisol ,fatherhood ,sensitivity ,vaderschap ,protectief gedrag ,protective behavior ,oxytocin ,testosterone ,father ,sensitiviteit ,vasopressine ,testosteron - Abstract
Fathers’ involvement and parenting behaviors are associated with positive child development, attachment security, and well-being of the child. Interestingly, only little research focused on the onset of these parental behaviors and its possible underlying biological mechanism in men becoming a father. The overall aim of the current dissertation was to further explore the psychobiology of fatherhood and to test the associations between the neural and hormonal components and parenting behavior in fathers. In Chapter 2, we reviewed previous literature on fatherhood and proposed a biobehavioral model of the emergence of fatherhood incorporating social-cultural, behavioral, hormonal, and neural aspects in the context of the prenatal, perinatal and postnatal phases of fatherhood. In Chapter 3, we focused on the influence of vasopressin administration and infant’s birth on fathers’ thoughts and feelings about their infant and the desired relationship measured via the Five Minute Speech Sample. Analyses did not reveal a significant effect of vasopressin administration on FMSS-based expressed emotion, emotional content, and emotional prosody in the current study. These results suggest that fathers’ thoughts and feelings about their unborn child might be independent of vasopressin. In the context of infant’s birth, analyses showed that the fathers stated more positive comments about their infant after birth compared to when they were expecting. Moreover, a decrease in emotional prosody parameters was observed. Based on these results, it might be speculated that infant’s birth is more influential with regard to fathers’ expressed thoughts and feelings than vasopressin administration in the late prenatal phase of fatherhood. In Chapter 4, we studied the relation between oxytocin, vasopressin, testosterone and cortisol, and fathers’ sensitive parenting behavior in the early postnatal phase of fatherhood. Structural Equation Models did not reveal any significant associations between paternal sensitivity and basal hormone levels or hormone reactivity. Exploration of interaction effects of basal hormones on sensitivity indicated that the interaction testosterone*cortisol best predicted paternal sensitivity. Post-hoc analyses indicated a stronger positive association between testosterone and sensitivity for fathers with lower cortisol levels compared to fathers with higher cortisol levels. These results suggest that observed variation in paternal sensitivity might be better explained by interactions between hormones than by single hormone levels. In Chapter 5, we explored fathers’ protective parenting behavior and its possible hormonal and neural correlates. Analyses revealed that the paradigms for self-reported and observed protective behavior obtained good reliability. However, there was little overlap between observed and self-reported protective behavior. FMRI analyses revealed that we replicated and validated the role of several brain networks in the processing of infant-threatening situations previously observed by van ‘t Veer and colleagues (2019). Lastly, bivariate correlations revealed no associations between basal testosterone and vasopressin, neural responses and paternal protective behavior. Based on these findings, it may be concluded that both testosterone and vasopressin baseline levels and neural responses to infant threatening situations may not be suitable correlates of paternal protective behavior in the early phase of fatherhood. In sum, based on the empirical results presented in this dissertation, we cannot conclude that basal hormone levels and hormone reactivity are related to fathers’ sensitive and protective behavior in the late prenatal and early postnatal phase of fatherhood. Moreover, our results do not support our hypothesis that neural responses to infant threatening stimuli are related to behavioral components of infant protection in fathers. Interestingly, exploratory analyses indicated that the interaction effects of basal hormones may be promising for future research to explain observed variations in paternal behavior. Further examination of the psychobiology of paternal behavior is necessary to better understand the role of the neuroendocrine system in the development of paternal protection and paternal sensitivity.
- Published
- 2021
10. Rôles des facteurs de transcriptions SIM1, OTP et POU3F2 dans le développement de l'hypothalamus antérieur
- Author
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St-Onge, Sandrine and Michaud, Jacques
- Subjects
transcriptional cascade ,cascade transcriptionnelle ,promoteur ,Otp ,Hypothalamus ,promotor ,POU3F2 ,Facteurs de transcription ,mouse embryos ,développement ,hyperphagia ,hyperphagie ,transcription factors ,paraventricular nucleus (PVN) ,ocytocine ,vasopressine ,hybridation in situ ,Sim1 ,équilibre énergétique ,embryon de souris ,in situ hybridization ,Noyau paraventriculaire ,CRISPR-Cas9 ,development - Abstract
Les facteurs de transcription SIM1, OTP, POU3F2 et ARNT2 interagissent ensemble en orchestrant le développement complexe de l’hypothalamus, une région du cerveau contenant plusieurs petites populations circonscrites de neurones, dont le noyau paraventriculaire (PVN). Ce noyau est un important centre intégrateur et l’haploinsuffisance du facteur de transcription Sim1, essentiel au développement du PVN, mène à l’hyperphagie autant chez la souris que l’homme. Différentes souris ont été générées par génie génétique afin de nous aider à trouver d’autres gènes essentiels qui participent à cette cascade transcriptionnelle. Premièrement, la partie antérieure de l’hypothalamus a été récoltée chez des embryons (E12.5) de souris qui surexprimaient le gène Pou3f2 sous le promoteur de Otp7. L’analyse transcriptionnelle de cette partie a été comparée avec les embryons (E12.5) wt de la même portée, de sorte qu’il a été possible de constater que différents gènes ont été régulés à la hausse et d’autres à la baisse. Les gènes en question ont été choisis selon leur pertinence au développement de la région d’intérêt, l’hypothalamus, et de trois autres critères : un accroissement de plus de 1.5, une expression minimale dans l’embryon d’au moins 1000 lectures et le rang le plus haut. Cette méthode discriminatoire a permis d’identifier les gènes les plus affectés dont Lgi2, Fezf2, Sema3c, Six6, Sox14, Lmo4, Nwd2 et Nkx2.1. Les gènes régulés à la baisse étaient Six6, Sox14 et Nkx2.1, tandis que tous les autres étaient à la hausse. Afin de confirmer les résultats obtenus, une validation par hybridation in situ a été utilisée sur des tranches d’hypothalamus d’embryons E12.5. Nous avons pu confirmer la surexpression des marqueurs Lgi2, Fezf2, Sema3c, Lmo4 et de Pou3f2 dans le domaine du PVN. La diminution de l’expression des marqueurs Sox14 et Nkx2.1 a pu être détectée dans el domaine basal de l’hypothalamus, ce qui suggère que l’effet d’une surexpression de Pou3f2 dans le domaine du PVN ait un effet cellulaire non autonome. La diminution de l’expression de Six6 dans le domaine basal n’a pas pu être confirmer de façon reproductible. Deuxièmement, il semblerait qu’il y ait une redondance de rôle entre les facteurs de transcription Otp et Sim1, tous les deux agissant en amont de Pou3f2. Afin de comparer leur impact dans le programme transcriptionnel, la technologie CrisPR-cas9 a été utilisée pour faire un KO du 2e exon d’Otp. Nous avons pu confirmer notre modèle de mutation en le comparant aux autres mutants de la littérature par une réduction de l’expression d’OT, d’OTP, d’AVP et de TRH. Troisièmement, les souris hétérozygotes pour Otp et Sim1 seront croisées, de sorte d’obtenir quatre génotypes : wt, Otp+/-, Sim1+/tlz+ et Otp+/-Sim1+/tlz+. Puisqu’une redondance des rôles de Sim1 et Otp est soupçonnée, le phénotype du double mutant devrait présenter une obésité par hyperphagie plus importante que celle des souris hétérozygotes pour le gène Sim1 ou Otp. Les souris sont pesées à partir de la 5e semaine de vie jusqu’à l’âge de 6 mois à une fréquence d’une fois par semaine. L’apport calorique est également mesuré une fois par semaine sur période de 24h. La double mutation (Otp+/-Sim1+/tlz+) chez les souris mâles causait un phénotype d’obésité plus important que la singularité des mutations, mais ce n’était pas le cas chez les souris femelles. Les souris portant la mutation d’Otp étaient tout de même plus obèses que les souris sauvages pour les deux sexes. Plus de souris seront nécessaire pour déterminer si un apport calorique sans changement au niveau des dépenses énergétiques est la cause de ce gain pondéral., The transcription factors SIM1, OTP and POU3F2 interact together to orchestrate the complex development of the hypothalamus, a region of the brain containing several small, circumscribed populations of neurons, including the paraventricular nucleus (PVN). This nucleus is an important integrating center, and the haploinsufficiency of the transcription factor Sim1, essential for the development of PVN, leads to overeating in both mice and humans. Different mice have been genetically engineered to help us find other essential genes that participate in this transcriptional cascade. Firstly, the anterior part of the hypothalamus was collected from mice embryos (E12.5) which overexpressed the Pou3f2 gene under the OTP7 promotor. The transcriptional analysis was compared to wt embryos from the same litter to see the different upregulated and downregulated genes. These genes were chosen according to their relevance to the development of the anterior hypothalamus. Three criteria were used to discriminate genes from one another: 1) an increase of more than 1.5, 2) a minimal expression in the embryo (E12.5) of at least 1000 reads and 3) the highest rank. This discriminatory method allowed us to identify the genes Lgi2, Fezf2, Sema3c, Six6, Sox14, Lmo4, Nwd2, Nkx2.1. To have a visuospatial idea of these affected genes, the validation of these results was done by in situ hybridization on E12.5 embryo hypothalamus. We have been able to see an overexpression in the PVN domain for the Lgi2, Fezf2, Sema3c, Lmo4 and Pou3f2 markers. The reduction of expression for Sox14 and Nkx2.1 markers were visible in the basal domain of the hypothalamus, which suggest a non cell autonomous effect of Pou3f2 being overexpressed. The reduction of Six6 couldn’t be consistently visible with repetition. Secondly, a redundant role of OTP and SIM1 seems to occur in the development of the hypothalamus. We created a KO line of the Otp gene by deleting the second exon with CrispR-cas9 and characterized it. We then compared it to the Sim1+/tlz+ line that we already generated in the lab. We were able to confirm our mutation model by seeing a reduction in the expression of crucial markers such as OT, OTP, AVP and TRH. Thirdly, we crossed Otp+/- with Sim1+/tlz+ mice to obtain four different genotypes: wt, Otp+/-, Sim1+/tlz+ and Otp+/- Sim1+/tlz+. Since a redundant aspect has been observed for SIM1 and OTP transcription factors, we were wondering if the obesity phenotype would be worsened by carrying both mutation or not. These mice were weighted every week from 5-week-old up to 6 months old. Food intake has also been measured since the obesity has been reported to be caused by hyperphagia in Sim1 mutant mice. The male mice carrying the double mutation (Otp+/-Sim1+/tlz+) showed a more important weight gain than only Sim1+/tlz+ or Otp+/- mutants, but it was not the case for the female mice. The mice carrying the Otp mutation still got a more important weight gain than the wt mice (females and males). More mice would be necessary to determine if this weight gain is caused by hyperphagia only or if unbalance energy cost is part of the cause.
- Published
- 2021
11. Effets des vasoconstricteurs sur la microcirculation.
- Author
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El Kalioubie, A., Overtchouk, P., Ledoux, G., Lawson, R., and Favory, R.
- Abstract
Copyright of Reanimation is the property of Lavoisier and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
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12. Diagnostic d'une polyurie par un physiologiste : discussion de cas cliniques.
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Haymann, J.
- Abstract
Copyright of Reanimation is the property of Lavoisier and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
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13. Vasopresseurs et choc septique.
- Author
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Muller, G. and Boulain, T.
- Abstract
Copyright of Reanimation is the property of Lavoisier and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
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14. Implication de la vasopressine dans l'hypoperfusion tissulaire au cours du choc cardiogénique compliquant l'infarctus du myocarde
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Gaudard, Philippe, Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] (PhyMedExp), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Université Montpellier, Anne Virsolvy, Pascal Colson, and STAR, ABES
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V1a antagonist ,[SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology ,Microcirculation ,Myocardial Infarction ,Infarctus du myocarde ,Vasopressine ,cardiovascular diseases ,Antagoniste V1a ,Réactivité vasculaire ,Cardiogenic shock ,Vascular reactivity ,Vasopressin ,[SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology ,Choc cardiogénique - Abstract
Acute heart failure (AHF) due to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is likely to involve cardiogenic shock (CS), with neuro-hormonal activation. A relationship between AHF, CS and vasopressin response is suspected. Permanent left coronary artery ligation (LCA) is the most widely used model of heart failure in rat. A shock state is characterized by an increase of lactate production, a marker of global tissue dysoxia to which mesenteric hypoperfusion may notably contribute. The aim of the first study was to evaluate the relationship between CS and mesenteric perfusion assessed by near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in a rat model. The second study aimed to investigate the implication of vasopressin on hemodynamic and tissue perfusion at the early phase (24h) of CS complicating AMI. All animals had the same surgery with LCA ligation (AMI) or not (Sham). From the whole cohort of 103 male Wistar rats, the mesenteric oxygenation (SmO2) was compared in several animals between AMI with cardiogenic shock (left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 40% and elevated lactate level) and selected Sham and AMI with normal lactate level (non-shocked). After surgery, SmO2 decreased notably in all groups. SmO2 remained low at Day 1 (D1) only in AMI with CS, while it returned close to preoperative value in Sham and AMI without shock. The mean arterial pressure was lower, and the decrease of cardiac output was higher in AMI with CS compared to non-shocked AMI. SmO2 determination had an excellent predictive value for CS (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve: 0.955 [95%CI: 0.854;1], p=0.003) with a 100% sensitivity and 88% specificity for a 35% SmO2 threshold. In order to study AMI-induced AHF and vasopressin stimulation, a LVEF ≤ 40% was prerequisite for the selection of animals in AMI groups and six groups of rats were studied: Sham without treatment, AMI without treatment (AMI), rats treated with terlipressin (Sham-TLP and AMI-TLP) or SR-49059, a V1a receptor antagonist, (Sham-SR and AMI-SR). To assess CS, a tissue hypoperfusion as evidenced by lactate > 2.2 mmol/L or mesenteric hypoxia (SmO2 < 35%) was required. Among 103 operated rats, 67 were ligatured and exhibited mortality of 40%, 0% and 33% respectively for AMI, AMI-SR and AMI-TLP (p=0.057). All animals were sacrificed at D1 after hemodynamic and biochemical assessments. Incidence of CS was decreased to 25% in AMI-SR versus 72% in AMI or AMI-TLP (p=0.038). Plasma copeptin at D1 was increased in AMI and AMI-SR but not in AMI-TLP. The maximal contractile response to vasopressin, evaluated in vitro on aortic rings, was similarly decreased in AMI and TLP-treated rats (AMI-TLP and Sham-TLP) compared to Sham but also severely altered in animals treated by the antagonist, the latest exhibiting a competitive binding profile. To conclude, CS occurs likely when LVEF is below 40% after LCA ligation. In this model, CS is associated with a significant decrease in mesenteric oxygenation. Thus, combined to reduced LVEF, SmO2 could allow a non-invasive assessment of shock at the bench side. Increased vasopressin secretion seems involved in the early phase of AMI, which may result in mesenteric hypoperfusion and lactate production. Tissue perfusion was improved by V1a antagonist treatment, without major effect on arterial pressure, while it was impaired by treatment with terlipressin, associated to a huge increase in arterial pressure. The role of vasopressin in tissue hypoperfusion during the early phase of CS seems crucial., L’insuffisance cardiaque aiguë (ICA) en rapport avec un infarctus du myocarde (IDM) est à risque d’évoluer vers un choc cardiogénique (CC), avec réponse neuro-hormonale. Un lien entre ICA, CC et réponse vasopressinergique est suspecté. La ligature de l’artère coronaire gauche (ACG) est le modèle d’ICA le plus répandu chez le rat. Un état de choc est caractérisé par une production accrue de lactate, indiquant une dysoxie tissulaire, à laquelle l’hypoperfusion mésentérique peut contribuer. L’objectif de la première étude était d’évaluer chez le rat le lien entre CC et perfusion mésentérique mesurée par un appareil de NIRS. La seconde étude avait pour objectif d’étudier l’implication de la vasopressine dans l’état hémodynamique et la perfusion tissulaire à la phase précoce (24h) du CC post-IDM. Tous les animaux avaient la même chirurgie avec (AMI) ou sans (Sham) ligature de l’ACG. A partir de la cohorte complète de 103 rats mâles Wistar, l’oxygénation mésentérique (SmO2) était comparée pour une partie de la cohorte entre un groupe AMI avec CC (fraction d’éjection du ventricule gauche (FEVG) ≤ 40% et élévation de la lactatémie) et les rats Sham et AMI sélectionnés avec lactatémie normale (non choqués). Après chirurgie, la SmO2 diminuait dans tous les groupes. La SmO2 restait basse à J1 uniquement dans le groupe AMI avec CC, tandis qu’une SmO2 retournait à sa valeur préopératoire chez les Sham et AMI non choqués. La pression artérielle moyenne était plus basse et la baisse de débit cardiaque plus prononcée pour les AMI avec CC comparés aux AMI non choqués. La détermination de la SmO2 avait une excellente valeur prédictive pour la survenue de CC (aire sous la courbe ROC : 0.955 [95%CI: 0.854;1], p=0.003) avec une sensibilité de 100% et une spécificité de 88% pour un seuil de SmO2 à 35%. Dans le but d’étudier l’ICA post-IDM et la stimulation vasopressinergique, une FEVG ≤ 40% était requise pour sélectionner les rats dans les groupes AMI et 6 groupes de rats étaient étudiés : Sham sans traitement (Sham), AMI sans traitement (AMI), rats traités par terlipressine (Sham-TLP et AMI-TLP) ou par un antagoniste du récepteur V1a, le SR-49059 (Sham-SR et AMI-SR). Une hypoperfusion tissulaire mise en évidence par une lactatémie > 2,2 mmol/l ou une hypoxie mésentérique (SmO2 < 35%) était requise pour définir le CC. Parmi les 103 rats opérés, 67 ont eu une ligature coronaire parmi lesquels la mortalité était de 40%, 0% et 33% respectivement pour les groupes AMI, AMI-SR et AMI-TLP (p=0,057). Tous les rats étaient sacrifiés à J1 après évaluation complète. L’incidence de CC était diminuée à 25% pour les AMI-SR contre 72% pour les AMI ou AMI-TLP (p=0,038). La copeptine plasmatique à J1 était augmentée chez les AMI et AMI-SR mais pas chez les AMI-TLP. La réponse contractile maximale à la vasopressine, évaluée in vitro sur les anneaux aortiques, était similairement diminuée pour les rats AMI et les rats traités par terlipressine (AMI-TLP et Sham-TLP) comparés aux Sham non traités. Elle était aussi sévèrement altérée pour les animaux traités avec l’antagoniste pour lesquels un profil de liaison compétitive était observé. En conclusion, le CC survient volontiers quand la FEVG est inférieure à 40% après ligature de l’ACG. Dans ce modèle, le CC est associé à une diminution significative de l’oxygénation mésentérique. Ainsi, en cas de FEVG altérée, la SmO2 permet une évaluation non-invasive des états de choc en temps réel. L’augmentation de sécrétion de vasopressine semble impliquée dans la phase précoce de l’IDM, ce qui peut conduire à une hypoperfusion mésentérique et une production de lactate. La perfusion tissulaire était améliorée par le traitement avec un antagoniste des récepteurs V1a, sans effet majeur sur la pression artérielle, tandis qu’elle était altérée par la terlipressine, associée à une forte augmentation de pression artérielle. Le rôle de la vasopressine dans l’hypoperfusion tissulaire au cours de la phase précoce du CC semble crucial.
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- 2020
15. Diabète insipide gestationnel au cours d’une grossesse gémellaire
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De Mesmay, M., Rigouzzo, A., Bui, T., Louvet, N., and Constant, I.
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GESTATIONAL diabetes , *DISEASE prevalence , *PREGNANCY complications , *HELLP syndrome , *PREECLAMPSIA , *DESMOPRESSIN - Abstract
Abstract: Gestational diabetes insipidus is an uncommon clinical disease whose prevalence is approximately two to three pregnancies per 100,000. It may be isolated or associated with preeclampsia. We report a case of gestational diabetes insipidus in a twin pregnancy, originally isolated during two months, and secondarily complicated by HELLP-syndrome. We recall the specific pathophysiology of polyuric-polydipsic syndrome during pregnancy and summarize its various causes. Finally, we discuss the indications, in case of isolated gestational diabetes insipidus, of treatment by dDAVP. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2013
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16. Hydratation et fonction rénale.
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Bankir, Lise
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HYDRATION , *HYDRATASES , *HEAT of hydration , *KIDNEYS , *URINARY organs - Abstract
Kidney function and the ability to concentrate soluble wastes in urine have played key roles in mammalian evolution. In humans, the kidneys exhibit a broad dilution/concentration capacity, ranging from 70 up to 1400 mosm/L.This allows an efficient adaptation to nutrient intake and fluid availability. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH, or vasopressin) is the cornerstone of the electrolyte and water regulatory system and of the ability to concentrate nitrogenous endproducts in the urine, by regulating the permeability to water of the collecting ducts. However, the evolution of our civilization occurred at a faster pace than that of biological systems, and the capacity to concentrate urine, once vital to survival, may also have detrimental effects. Studies in animal models, and recent studies in humans suggest that ADH and urine concentration may be implicated in a decline in kidney function, and that an appropriate hydration may potentially have a protective effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2013
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17. Rola oksytocyny i wazopresyny w czynności ośrodkowego układu nerwowego i w zaburzeniach psychicznych.
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Wójciak, Paweł, Remlinger-Molenda, Agnieszka, and Rybakowski, Janusz
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OXYTOCIN ,VASOPRESSIN ,MENTAL illness ,CENTRAL nervous system diseases ,BREASTFEEDING ,LABOR (Obstetrics) ,REGULATION of blood pressure - Abstract
Copyright of Psychiatria Polska is the property of Editorial Committee of Polish Psychiatric Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2012
18. Hyponatrémie : de la physiopathologie à la pratique
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Passeron, A., Dupeux, S., and Blanchard, A.
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HYPONATREMIA , *PATHOLOGICAL physiology , *WATER intoxication , *VASOPRESSIN , *ETIOLOGY of diseases , *MORTALITY , *THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Abstract: Hypotonic hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte abnormality encountered in hospitalized patients. It is often asymptomatic but associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Prompt recognition of the underlying cause using a systematic physiology based approach and careful evaluation the chronicity of the hyponatremia is mandatory for an optimal management. One should first document hypotonicity, and then assess the renal response to hypotonicity to exclude water intoxication, and the extracellular volumes. The further step will identify hyponatremia due to volemic stimulation of vasopressin associated to extracellular dehydration (corrected by isotonic saline infusion) or to oedematous states. After exclusion of hypocorticism and hypothyroidism, one would conclude to inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone whose etiology would have to be established. The use of hypertonic saline solutions should be restricted to the treatment of acute and severe hyponatremia with evidence of brain damage. Chronic hyponatremia should be correct slowly to avoid the risk of osmotic demyelination syndrome. Water restriction is commonly recommended in inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone or in hypervolemia with a questionable effectiveness. The recent development of vasopressin receptor antagonists (vaptans) will modify our therapeutic approaches. Yet, further studies are needed to document their additional impact on morbidity and mortality. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2010
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19. Differential regulation of H+-ATPases in MDCK-C11 cells by aldosterone and vasopressin.
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Dos Santos, Priscilla M.C., Freitas, Fabio P., Mendes, Jeane, Tararthuch, Ana Lucia, and Fernandez, Ricardo
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PROTON pump inhibitors , *ALDOSTERONE , *VASOPRESSIN , *COLORIMETRY , *INTRACELLULAR calcium , *ADENOSINE triphosphatase , *CELL culture - Abstract
The objective of the present work was to characterize the biochemical activity of the proton pumps present in the C11 clone of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, akin to intercalated cells of the collecting duct, as well as to study their regulation by hormones like aldosterone and vasopressin. MDCK-C11 cells from passages 78 to 86 were utilized. The reaction to determine H+-ATPase activity was started by addition of cell homogenates to tubes contained the assay medium. The inorganic phosphate (Pi) released was determined by a colorimetric method modified from that described by Fiske and Subbarow. Changes in intracellular calcium concentration in the cells was determined using the Ca2+-sensing dye fluo-4 AM. Homogenates of MDCK-C11 cells present a bafilomycin-sensitive activity (vacuolar H+-ATPase), and a vanadate-sensitive activity (H+/K+-ATPase). The bafilomycin-sensitive activity showed a pH optimum of 6.12. ATPase activity was also stimulated in a dose-dependent fashion as K+ concentration was increased between 0 and 50 mmol·L-1, with an apparent Km for the release of Pi of 0.13 mmol·L-1 and Vmax of 22.01 nmol·mg-1·min-1. Incubation of cell monolayers with 10−8 mol·L-1 aldosterone for 24 h significantly increased vacuolar H+-ATPase activity, an effect prevented by 10−5 mol·L-1 spironolactone. Vacuolar H+-ATPase activity was also stimulated by 10−11 mol·L-1 vasopressin, an effect prevented by a V1 receptor-specific antagonist. This dose of vasopressin determined a sustained rise of cytosolic ionized calcium. We conclude that (i) homogenates of MDCK-C11 cells present a bafilomycin-sensitive (H+-ATPase) activity and a vanadate-sensitive (H+/K+-ATPase) activity, and (ii) vacuolar H+-ATPase activity is activated by aldosterone through a genomic pathway and by vasopressin through V1 receptors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2009
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20. ETA-receptor blockade impairs vasoconstriction after hemorrhage in xenon-anesthetized dogs treated with an AT1-receptor antagonist.
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Höhne, Claudia, Francis, Roland C. E., Pickerodt, Philipp, Klein, Adrian, Kaisers, Udo, and Boemke, Willehad
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VASOCONSTRICTION , *CHEMICAL inhibitors , *XENON , *ANGIOTENSINS , *HEMODYNAMICS , *VASOPRESSIN - Abstract
The effects of endothelin receptor subtype A (ETA) blockade on hemodynamics and hormonal adaptation during hemorrhage were studied in xenon/remifentanil-anesthetized dogs (n = 6) pretreated with an angiotensin II type 1 (AT1)-receptor blocker. Controls: after a baseline awake period, anesthesia was induced in the dogs with propofol and maintained with xenon/remifentanil (baseline anesthesia). Sixty minutes later, 20 mL·kg-1 of blood was withdrawn within 5 min and the dogs observed for another hour (hemorrhage). AT1 group followed the same protocol as controls except the AT1-receptor blocker losartan (i.v. 100 μg·kg-1·min-1) was started at the beginning of the experiment. AT1+ETA group was the same as AT1 group but with the addition of the ETA-receptor blocker atrasentan (i.v. 1 mg·kg-1, then 0.01 mg·kg-1·min-1). In controls, mean arterial pressure (MAP) remained unchanged during baseline anesthesia, whereas systemic vascular resistance (SVR) increased from 3282 ± 281 to 7321 ± 803 dyn·s·cm-5, heart rate (HR) decreased from 86 ± 4 to 40 ± 3 beats·min-1, and cardiac output (CO) decreased from 2.3 ± 0.2 to 0.9 ± 0.1 L·min-1 (p < 0.05), with no further changes after hemorrhage. In AT1-inhibited dogs, MAP (71 ± 6 mm Hg) and SVR (5939 ± 611 dyn·s·cm-5) were lower during baseline anesthesia and after hemorrhage, but greater than those in AT1+ETA (66 ± 7 mm Hg, 5034 ± 658 dyn·s·cm-5) (p < 0.05). HR and CO were not different between groups. Plasma concentration of vasopressin was highest with AT1+ETA inhibition after hemorrhage. Combined AT1+ETA-receptor blockade impaired vasoconstriction more than did AT1-receptor blockade alone, both during baseline xenon anesthesia and after hemorrhage. Even a large increase in vasoconstrictor hormones could not prevent the decrease in blood pressure and the smaller increase in SVR. Thus, endothelin is an important vasoconstrictor during hemorrhage, and both endothelin and angiotensin II are essential hormones for cardiovascular stabilization after hemorrhage. On a examiné les effets du blocage des récepteurs A de l’endothéline (ETA) sur l’hémodynamique et l’adaptation hormonale durant l’hémorragie chez des chiens anesthésiés au xénon/rémifentanil (n = 6), prétraités avec un bloqueur des récepteurs AT1de l’angiotensine II. Les témoins. Après une période de veille de référence, l’anesthésie a été induite avec du propofol et maintenue avec du xénon et du rémifentanil (anesthésie basale). Soixante minutes plus tard, 20 mL·kg-1 de sang ont été prélevés sur une période de 5 min, et les chiens observés pendant une autre heure (hémorragie). Groupe AT1 : témoins, mais l’administration du bloqueurdes récepteurs AT1, losartan, a débuté au début de l’expérience (IV 100 µg·kg-1·min-1). Groupe AT1+ETA : comme le groupe AT1 plus le bloqueur des récepteurs ETA, atrasentan, (IV 1 mg·kg-1, puis 0.01 mg·kg-1·min-1). Chez les témoins, la pression artérielle moyenne (PAM) est demeurée inchangée durant l’anesthésie basale, tandis que la résistance vasculaire systémique (RVS) a augmenté de 3282 ± 281 à 7321 ± 803 dyn·s·cm-5, la fréquence cardiaque a diminué de 86 ± 4 à 40 ± 3 battements·min-1, et le débit cardiaque a diminué de 2,3 ± 0,2 à 0,9 ± 0,1 L·min-1 (p < 0.05), sans modifications additionnelles après l’hémorragie. Chez les chiens AT1, la PAM (71 ± 6 mm Hg) et la RVS (5939 ± 611 dyn·s·cm-5) ont été plus faibles durant l’anesthésie basale et après l’hémorragie, mais plus élevées que celles observées chez le groupe AT1+ETA (66 ± 7 mm Hg, 5034 ± 658 dyn·s·cm-5) (p < 0,05). La FC et le DC des deux groupes ont été similaires. La concentration plasmatique de vasopressine a été la plus élevée avec l’inhibition de AT1+ETA après l’hémorragie. Le [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2008
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21. Différence de concentration urinaire selon le sexe ou l’origine ethnique : implications possibles dans la susceptibilité variable à différentes pathologies rénales et cardiovasculaires.
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Perucca, Julie, Bouby, Nadine, Valeix, Pierre, Jungers, Paul, and Bankir, Lise
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DISEASES in women ,URINARY calculi ,CARDIOVASCULAR diseases ,KIDNEY diseases - Abstract
Copyright of Néphrologie & Thérapeutique is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Diabète insipide néphrogénique congénital
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Morin, D., Delenne, A.L., and Kervran, A.
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DIABETES , *GENETIC disorders , *RARE diseases , *VASOPRESSIN , *MEDICAL research - Abstract
Abstract: Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is a rare hereditary disease, characterized by a resistance of the renal collecting duct to the action of the antidiuretic hormone, arginine vasopressin, responsible for the inability of the kidney to concentrate urine. More than 90% of the patients are males and have the X-linked recessive form of the disease usualy presenting with polyuria and polydipsia in infancy. This mode of inheritance is related to mutations in the V2 receptor gene, located in the Xq28 chromosomal region. Less than 10% of the patients have an autosomal-recessive or an autosomal-dominant mode of inheritance with clinical manifestations occuring in males and females, related to mutations in the aquaporin-2 gene, located in chromosome region 12q13. The aim of the treatment is to avoid chronic and acute dehydration episodes. It remains symptomatic, mainly based on an hypoosmotic diet and the use of hydrochlorothiazide and indomethacin. Recent findings showed that pharmacological chaperones, such as V2 nonpeptide antagonists, are able to rescue some of the V2 receptor mutants and could be useful tools for treatment in the future. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2005
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23. Indications of vasopressin in the management of septic shock
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Delmas, A., Leone, M., Rousseau, S., Albanèse, J., and Martin, C.
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VASOPRESSIN , *SEPTIC shock , *HEMOSTASIS - Abstract
Objective. – Vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone) is emerging as a potentially major advancement in the treatment of septic shock. Vasopressin is both a vasopressor and an antidiuretic hormone. It also has haemostatic, gastrointestinal, and thermoregulatory effects. This article reviews the physiology of vasopressin and all the relevant clinical literature on its use in the treatment of septic shock.Data sources and extraction. – Extraction from Pubmed database of French and English articles on the physiology and clinical use of vasopressin. The following key words were selected: vasodilatory shock, vasopressin, septic shock, catecholamines, norepinephrine, renal function, diuresis, mesenteric haemodynamic. The collected articles were reviewed and selected according to their quality and originality.Data synthesis. – Vasopressin mediates vasoconstriction via V1–receptor activation on vascular smooth muscle. Septic shock causes first a transient early increase in blood vasopressin concentrations that decreases later to very low concentrations compared to other causes of hypotension. Vasopressin infusion of 0.01–0.04 U min–1 in septic shock patients increases plasma vasopressin concentrations. This increase is associated with a lesser need for other vasopressors. Vasopressin has been shown to produce greater blood flow diversion from non-vital to vital organ beds than does adrenaline. A large randomized clinical trial should be performed to assess its place as a therapeutic agent of septic shock patient. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2003
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24. Acute regulation of hepatic lipase secretion by rat hepatocytes.
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Galan, Xavier, Peinado-Onsurbe, Julia, Robert, Monique Q, Soley, Maria, Llobera, Miquel, and Ramírez, Ignasi
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ADRENALINE , *VASOPRESSIN , *OLIGOPEPTIDES , *ALBUMINS , *LIVER cells - Abstract
Hepatic lipase is involved in cholesterol uptake by the liver. Although it is known that catecholamines are responsible for the daily variation of enzyme activity, the mechanisms involved are poorly understood. Rat hepatocytes incubated with adrenaline or other Ca[sup 2+] -mobilizing hormones were used as an experimental model. Adrenaline reduced in a similar proportion the secretion of both hepatic lipase and albumin. The effect of adrenaline disappeared completely in cells exposed to cycloheximide. Adrenaline decreased incorporation of [[sup 35] S]Met into cellular and secreted proteins, but it affected neither degradation of [[sup 35] S]Met-prelabeled proteins nor the abundance of total and specific (albumin, hepatic lipase, beta-actin) mRNA. Other Ca[sup 2+] -mobilizing agents had the opposite effect on hepatic lipase secretion: it was decreased by vasopressin but was increased by epidermal growth factor. Vasopressin and epidermal growth factor had the opposite effect on [[sup 35] S]Met incorporation into cellular and secreted proteins, but neither affected hepatic lipase mRNA. The acute effect of adrenaline, vasopressin, and epidermal growth factor on hepatic lipase secretion is the consequence of the effect of these hormones on protein synthesis and is therefore nonspecific.Key words: adrenaline, vasopressin, epidermal growth factor, albumin secretion.La lipase hépatique intervient dans la captation du cholestérol par le foie. Même si on sait que les catécholamines sont responsables de la variation quotidienne de l'activité enzymatique, les mécanismes de cet effet sont peu connus. Des hépatocytes de rats, incubés en présence d'adrénaline ou d'autres hormones mobilisant le Ca[sup 2+] , ont été utilisés comme modèle expérimental. L'adrénaline diminue la sécrétion de la lipase hépatique et de l'albumine dans des proportions semblables. L'effet de l'adrénaline disparaît complètement dans des cellules incubées en présence de cycloheximide. L'adrénaline diminue l'incorporation de la 35S-Met dans les protéines cellulaires et les protéines sécrétées, mais elle ne modifie pas la dégradation des protéines déjà marquées à l'aide de la 35S-Met, ni la quantité d'ARNm total ou d'ARNm spécifiques (albumine, lipase hépatique, beta-actine). D'autres facteurs mobilisant le Ca[sup 2+] ont des effets opposés sur la sécrétion de la lipase hépatique : celle-ci est diminuée par la vasopressine, mais elle est augmentée par le facteur de croissance épidermique. La vasopressine et le facteur de croissance épidermique ont des effets opposés sur l'incorporation de la 35S-Met dans les protéines cellulaires et les protéines sécrétées, mais aucune des deux ne modifie l'ARNm de la lipase hépatique. L'effet de l'adrénaline, de la vasopressine et du facteur de croissance épidermique sur la sécrétion de la lipase hépatique résulte de l'effet de ces hormones sur la synthèse des protéines; donc, cet effet n'est pas spécifique.Mots clés : adrénaline, vasopressine, facteur de croissance épidermique, sécrétion, albumine.[Traduit par la Rédaction] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2002
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25. Régulation des comportements sociaux par l'action séquentielle de l'ocytocine et de la vasopressine dans le septum latéral
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Borie, Amélie, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Montpellier, Michel Desarménien, and Freddy Jeanneteau
- Subjects
Comportements sociaux ,[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences ,Ocytocine ,Lateral septum ,Vasopressine ,Syndrome de Prader Willi ,Neuronal network ,Social behavior ,Oxytocin ,Prader Willi Syndrom ,Réseau neuronal ,Vasopressin ,Septum latéral - Abstract
Context : Oxytocin (OT) and vasopressin (VP) modulate social behaviors. The roles of OT and VP have been interrogated so far in isolation whereas combinatorial effects are anticipated as both hormones are secreted during social behavior. In the lateral septum (LS), a brain area processing behavioral social cues, OT and VP are released during social interaction and modulate social recognition or discrimination. Aim : To understand the dual function of OT and VP during social behavior in physiological and pathological conditions. Methods : In male mice, we used electroencephalographic (EEG) activity as a readout to characterize OT and VP dependent electrophysiological signatures and their sequence. We manipulated OT and VP systems to LS during social recognition/discrimination paradigm using pharmacology and optogenetic tools. Using slice electrophysiology, we characterized electrophysiological responses of LS neurons to both of these hormons.Results : Measurement of EEG theta activity allowed us to discriminate between OT and VP dependent LS modulation and indicated that VP would be released in the LS during 1st encounter with a juvenile while OT would be released during the habituation process. Modulation of OT and VP actions on the LS demonstrate that V1a activation during 1st encounter is essential for social discrimination and OT receptor activation during the habituation process allows the regain of interest for a new juvenile. We also demonstrated that OT and VP modulate electrical activity of almost all LS neurons. The nature of this modulation define 3 neuronal categories that communicate with each other through GABAergic signalling. Magel2KO mouse, which features social deficits, presents an altered balance of LS regulation by OT and VP. It suggests that this regulation could be involved in some pathological symptomatology.Conclusions : These results shed a light on the necessity to study vasopressin along with oxytocin. Doing this, we showed that vasopressinergic and oxytocinergic activation of the LS are sequentially important during the social recognition paradigm. Futhermore, this sequence of events is impaired in a mouse model featuring deficits of OT and social disabilities.; Contexte : L’ocytocine (OT) et la vasopressine (VP) modulent les comportements sociaux. Leurs rôles ont été étudiés indépendamment l’un de l’autre mais des effets combinatoires de ces deux peptides sont à envisager puisqu’ils sont tous les deux libérés au cours des comportements sociaux. Dans le septum latéral (SL), une structure cérébrale intégrant des informations sociales, l’ocytocine et la vasopressine sont libérées au cours des interactions sociales et modulent la reconnaissance ainsi que la discrimination sociale.Objectif : Comprendre la fonction duale de l’ocytocine et de la vasopressine mise en jeu lors des interactions sociales dans un cadre physiologique et pathologique. Méthode : Chez la souris mâle, nous avons utilisé l’activité électroencéphalographique (EEG) comme marqueur et avons caractérisé des traces EEG dépendantes de l’OT et de la VP. Nous avons manipulé le système OT et le système VP au sein du septum au cours d’un protocole de reconnaissance/discrimination sociale en utilisant des outils pharmacologiques ou optogénétiques. Des expériences d’électrophysiologie sur tranche ont permis de caractériser la réponse électrophysiologique des neurones du septum latéral à l’application de chacun de ces peptides.Résultats : L’étude de l’activité EEG nous a permis de discriminer des effets induits par l’action septale de l’OT et la VP dans la bande de fréquence theta. Ces résultats suggèrent que la VP serait libérée dans le septum au cours de la première rencontre avec un juvénile alors que l’OT serait libérée au cours du processus d’habituation. La modulation de l’action de l’OT et de la VP sur le SL démontre que l’activation des récepteurs V1a au cours de la première rencontre est essentielle à la discrimination sociale tandis que l’activation des récepteurs à l’OT au cours du processus d’habituation permet de regain d’intérêt lorsqu’un nouveau juvénile sera présenté. Nous montrons aussi que l’OT et la VP modulent l’activité électrique de la quasi-totalité des neurones septaux. La nature de ces modulations définit 3 catégories de neurones qui communiquent entre eux via des signaux GABAergiques. Chez la souris Magel2KO, un modèle murin de troubles des comportements sociaux, la balance des effets septaux de l’OT et de la VP est altérée. Ceci suggère que cette régulation pourrait être impliquée dans certaines conditions pathologiques.Conclusion : Ces résultats mettent en évidence qu’il est essentiel, lorsque l’on étudie l’ocytocine, d’étudier le système vasopressinergique. Avec cette approche, nous avons montré que l’activation séquentielle du SL par l’OT et la VP est importante pour la régulation des interactions sociales. De plus, cette séquence d’évènements est altérée dans un modèle animal présentant des troubles sociaux.
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- 2018
26. Vasopressine, hydratation et fonction rénale
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El Boustany, Ray, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, Ronan Roussel, and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)
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Copeptine ,Sexe ,Vasopressine ,Hydratation ,Diabète ,[SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO] ,Maladie rénale chronique ,Kidney ,Vasopressin - Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is currently recognized as a major public health problem. In the last few years, more attention has been paid to the vasopressin-hydration axis in clinical research. Epidemiological studies have identified a positive association between plasma concentrations of copeptin, a surrogate of vasopressin, and the decline of kidney function in populations at high risk of CKD. In the general population, data are limited. The likelihood of a causal relationship between elevated vasopressin and kidney function decline is strongly supported with demonstration in animal models of the deleterious effects of vasopressin in both normal and diabetic settings. Yet, all aspects of this relationship have not been explored. Two of them were addressed in this project: the contribution of vasopressin to the renal complications of type 2 diabetes (experimental approach) and the association between copeptin and the decline of kidney function in the general population, taking into account sex as a potential interaction factor (epidemiological approach). Vasopressin V2 receptor antagonism slows the progression of diabetic nephropathy in a murine model of type 2 diabetes. Analysis of data from three European community-based cohorts showed that high levels of copeptin are associated with risk of new-onset CKD with no indication of a sex-copeptin interaction in this association. These data provide new arguments in favour of decreasing vasopressin levels and/or action on the kidney, whether by pharmacological blockade or by an increase in water intake.; La maladie rénale chronique (MRC) est actuellement reconnue comme problème majeur de santé publique. Depuis quelques années, un plus grand intérêt est accordé en recherche à l'axe vasopressine-hydratation. Des études épidémiologiques ont identifié une association positive entre les concentrations plasmatiques de copeptine, marqueur de la sécrétion de la vasopressine, et le déclin de la fonction rénale chez des populations à risque élevé de MRC. Dans la population générale, les données sont limitées. Les études expérimentales existantes appuient une causalité dans l'association entre des concentrations élevées de vasopressine et le déclin de la fonction rénale. Tous les aspects de la relation vasopressine-fonction rénale n'ont pas été explorés. Deux d'entre eux ont été abordés dans ce projet : 1) la contribution de la vasopressine aux complications rénales du diabète de type 2 (approche expérimentale) ; 2) l'association entre la copeptine et le déclin de la fonction rénale dans la population générale en tenant compte du sexe comme facteur d'interaction potentiel (approche épidémiologique). L'antagonisme du récepteur V2 de la vasopressine ralentit la progression de la néphropathie diabétique dans un modèle murin de diabète type 2. L'analyse des données de trois cohortes européennes de la population générale a montré que des concentrations élevées de copeptine sont associées au risque de MRC de façon similaire chez les hommes et chez les femmes. Ces données constituent de nouveaux arguments en faveur d'une diminution des concentrations de vasopressine et/ou de son action sur le rein, par un antagonisme pharmacologique ou par une augmentation des apports en eau.
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- 2017
27. La pathophysiologie de la maladie de Ménière au niveau du sac endolymphatique : une étude immunohistochimique de l’aquaporine-2, le récepteur de Vasopressine V2R, NKCC2 et TRPV4
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Asmar, Marc-Henri and Saliba, Issam
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Vestibular Schwannoma ,TRPV-4 ,Sac endolymphatique ,Schwannome Vestibulaire ,Ménière's Disease ,Aquaporine-2 ,Vasopressine ,Maladie de Ménière ,Vasopressin receptor V2 ,NKCC-2 ,Endolymphatic sac ,Récepteur de vasopressine V2 ,Vasopressin ,Aquaporin-2 - Abstract
Objectifs: La pathophysiologie de la maladie de Ménière (MM) demeure mal comprise. Nous avons identifié dans la littérature un groupe de protéines exprimées sur le sac endolymphatique (SEL) et impliquées dans la régulation du volume endolymphatique : l’Aquaporine-2 (AQP2), le récepteur V2R de vasopressine (AVP), le Co-transporteur de Sodium Potassium et Chlorure type 2 (NKCC2) et le canal TRP type V4 (TRPV4). Notre objectif est de déterminer si leur expression sur le SEL est altérée dans la MM, pour améliorer notre compréhension de la physiologie de l’hydrops endolymphatique. Méthodes: Recrutement des cas de MM et schwannomes vestibulaires (SV) comme contrôles, le jour de leurs chirurgies respectives. Prélèvement de biopsies de SEL et sang pour AVP. L’immunohistochimie pour AQP2, V2R, NKCC2 et TRPV4 fut effectuée, et les lames scannées pour analyse digitale de densité d’expression par un logiciel spécialisé (VIS par Visiopharm®). Résultats: Total de 27 cas MM et 23 contrôles. Les scores générés par le logiciel représentent la densité d’expression totale et relative des protéines, exclusivement sur l’épithélium du SEL. Les scores d’AQP2 sont élevés de façon significative dans la MM comparée aux contrôles (p = 0.018). Nous ne rapportons aucune variation significative pour AVP, V2R, NKCC2 et TRPV4. Conclusion: Cette étude originale évalue l’expression simultanée de AQP2, V2R, NKCC2 et TRPV4 sur le SEL dans la MM, avec un groupe contrôle (SV). Nos résultats démontrent une augmentation isolée de l’AQP2 dans la MM. Nous proposons une surexpression constitutive de cette dernière, indépendante de son axe de régulation (AVP-V2R). Une mutation somatique au niveau des séquences régulatrices pourrait justifier nos observations., Objectives: Endolymphatic sac (ELS) pathophysiology in Ménière’s Disease (MD) remains poorly understood. We identified from the literature a group of proteins expressed on the ELS and involved in endolymph volume regulation: Aquaporin-2 (AQP2), vasopressin receptor V2R, Sodium Potassium Chloride Cotransporter type 2 (NKCC2) and TRP channel type V4 (TRPV4). Our objective was to determine whether their ELS expression was altered in MD, to better understand the pathophysiology of endolymphatic hydrops. Methods: Patients with definite MD undergoing endolymphatic duct blockage surgery were recruited, as well as controls undergoing surgery for vestibular schwannomas (VS). ELS biopsies and blood samples for plasma Arginine Vasopressin (AVP) were obtained. Immunohistochemistry for AQP2, V2R, NKCC2 and TRPV4 was performed. Slides were scanned digitally for highly sensitive pixel density analysis by specialized software (VIS by Visiopharm®). Results: 27 definite MD patients and 23 VS controls were included. Global scores generated by the software represent total and relative protein expression density of 3 staining intensity levels, exclusively on ELS epithelium. AQP2 expression density was significantly elevated in MD compared to VS (p = 0.018). There was no significant difference in plasma AVP, V2R, NKCC2 and TRPV4 expression. Conclusion: This original study evaluates simultaneous in-situ expression of AQP2, V2R, NKCC2 and TRPV4 on the human ELS in MD, with a VS control group. Our results show only AQP2 up regulation on the ELS of MD patients. We suggest a constitutively increased expression of AQP2 in MD, independent of its regulatory axis (AVP-V2R). Acquired regulator sequence mutations could support this model.
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- 2017
28. [Physiological role of the apelin receptor: implication in body fluid homeostasis and hyponatremia].
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Girault-Sotias PE, De Mota N, and Llorens-Cortès C
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- Arginine Vasopressin metabolism, Homeostasis, Humans, Apelin Receptors metabolism, Body Fluids metabolism, Hyponatremia
- Abstract
Apelin, a vasoactive neuropeptide, its receptor and arginine-vasopressin (AVP, antidiuretic hormone) are co-localized in magnocellular vasopressinergic neurons. In the kidney, the apelin receptor is present in glomerular arterioles and the collecting duct (CD) where the AVP type 2 (V2-R) receptors are located. Apelin exerts an aquaretic action both by its inhibitory effect on the phasic electrical activity of vasopressinergic neurons and the secretion of AVP into the bloodstream and by its direct actions at the kidney level resulting in an increase in the renal microcirculation and the inhibition of the antidiuretic effect of AVP mediated by V2-R in the CD. Plasma apelin and AVP are conversely regulated by osmotic stimuli in both humans and rodents, showing that apelin is involved with AVP in maintaining body fluid homeostasis. Clinically, in patients with inappropriate antidiuresis syndrome (SIAD), the apelin/AVP balance is altered, which contributes to water metabolism defect. Activation of the apelin receptor by the metabolically stable apelin-17 analog, that increases aqueous diuresis and moderately water intake and gradually corrects hyponatremia, may constitute a new approach for the treatment of SIAD., (© Société de Biologie, 2022.)
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- 2021
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29. Hyponatriämie
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Heinrich, S., Wagner, A., and Gross, P.
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- 2013
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30. Untersuchungen zur Beeinflussung des Hypothalamus-Hypophysen-Vorderlappen-Nebennierenrindensystems durch Morphin, Pethidin und Chlorpromazin.
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Morgner, K., Fissan, H., and Lucke, Ch.
- Abstract
Copyright of Klinische Wochenschrift is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 1973
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31. Reanimation bei Kammerflimmern: Worauf kommt es an?
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Klingenheben, T.
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- 2005
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32. Conception, synthèse et évaluation de sondes fluorescentes et de radioligands TEP des récepteurs de l'ocytocine et de la vasopressine
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Karpenko, Iuliia, Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique (LIT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Université de Strasbourg, and Marcel Hibert
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Ocytocine ,TR-FRET ,RCPG ,[CHIM.THER]Chemical Sciences/Medicinal Chemistry ,Fluorescence ,PET ,Radiotracers ,TEP ,Vasopressine ,Ocytocin ,Fluorescent probes ,Sondes fluorescentes ,Radiotraceurs ,Vasopressin - Abstract
In order to better understand the role of OTR and AVPR in ASD, to reveal new features in its pharmacology and signaling and to establish high-throughput screening method on wild-type G protein-coupled receptors, we developed imaging probes for the oxytocin-vasopressin receptors family, namely radiotracers for positron emission tomography and optical probes for fluorescence detection and imaging. The fluorescent ligands have been used to establish TR-FRET binding assay for OTR and to initiate the development the screening assay for the wild-type oxytocin receptor. The PET radiotracers will be shortly tested in mice and monkeys to evaluate their potency in detecting the central oxytocin receptors.; Les récepteurs de l’ocytocine (OTR) et de la vasopressine (AVPR) sont connus pour être impliqués dans la modulation d’effets centraux complexes. Récemment l’OTR a été proposé comme une cible thérapeutique pour le traitement des troubles du spectre autistique (TSA).Afin de mieux comprendre le rôle de l’OTR et des AVPR dans les TSA, d’éclaircir des nouveaux traits de sa pharmacologie et d’établir des méthodes du criblage sur les récepteurs sauvages, nous avons développé des traceurs pour la tomographie par émission des positons ainsi que des sondes fluorescentes pour la famille OT/AVP des RCPG. Les ligands fluorescents ont été utilisés pour établir un test de liaison TR-FRET pour l’OTR et pour initier le développement du test alternatif sur les récepteurs sauvages. Les radiotraceurs TEP seront bientôt testés chez la souris et chez le singe pour évaluer leurs performances pour la détection des récepteurs de l’ocytocine centraux avant d’envisager des études chez l’Homme.
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- 2014
33. Rôle de la vasopressine dans les troubles du métabolisme glucidique : possible impact dans le développement du diabète
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Taveau, Christopher, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers ( CRC ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, Nadine Bouby, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)
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Métabolisme glucidique ,Insulino-résistance ,Vasopressine ,Antagoniste des récepteurs V1b ,[ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO] ,Antagoniste des récepteurs V1a ,[SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO] ,Stéatose hépatique ,V1a receptor antagonist ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists ,Vasopressin - Abstract
It is well established that vasopressin (AVP) level is high in both human and experimental diabetes. In humans, several recent studies have shown an association between copeptin (biomarker of AVP secretion) and the occurrence of diabetes mellitus or hyperglycemia, metabolic syndrome and obesity. Our team has shown a reverse association between water consumption (decrease AVP secretion) and the risk of hyperglycemia in the general population (D.E.S.I.R cohort). The aim of my thesis was to determine the role of AVP and fluid intake in glucose homeostasis in healthy rats and in a rat model of metabolic syndrome. AVP, administered acutely or chronically in healthy rats, increases glycaemia and this effect is reversed by a V1a receptor antagonist. V1b receptor activation does not influence insulin secretion but stimulates moderately basal glucagon production by the pancreas. These effects were observed in two different healthy strains of rats. In obese Zucker rats, a high AVP level worsens fasting hyperinsulinaemia and glucose intolerance whereas hydration does not affect glucose tolerance but drastically reduces hepatic steatosis, the content of cholesterol and triglycerides in liver and expression of genes involved in hepatic lipogenesis. In conclusion, these studies show for the first time, that AVP aggravates glucose tolerance whereas a highly hydrated diet is protective. These results, in agreement with our epidemiological data, demonstrate a causal link between vasopressin and/or hydration and glucose metabolism disorders.; Il est bien établi que la vasopressine (AVP) est élevée dans le diabète tant humain qu'expérimental. Chez l'homme, plusieurs études récentes ont montré une association entre la copeptine (biomarqueur de la sécrétion d'AVP), et la survenue d'un diabète ou d'une hyperglycémie, le syndrome métabolique et l'obésité. Dans l'équipe, nous avons montré une association inverse entre la consommation d'eau (diminue la sécrétion AVP) et le risque de survenue d'hyperglycémie dans la cohorte D.E.S.I.R. Le but de mon projet de thèse a été de déterminer le rôle de l'AVP et de la prise hydrique dans l'homéostasie glucidique chez le rat sain et dans un modèle de rat présentant un syndrome métabolique. L'administration aigüe ou chronique d'AVP augmente la glycémie et cet effet est réversé par un antagoniste des récepteurs V1a. L'activation des récepteurs V1b ne modifie pas l'insulino-sécrétion mais stimule en permanence et de façon modérée la glucagonémie. Ces effets ont été observés sur deux souches différentes de rats sains. Chez le rat Zucker obèse, l'AVP aggrave l'hyperinsulinémie à jeun et l'intolérance au glucose alors que le régime hydraté ne modifie pas la tolérance au glucose mais réduit très fortement la stéatose hépatique ainsi que le contenu hépatique en cholestérol et triglycérides et l'expression des gènes impliqués dans la lipogenèse. En conclusion, ces travaux montrent pour la première fois, que l'AVP dégrade à long terme la tolérance au glucose ; a contrario, un régime fortement hydraté est protecteur. Ces résultats, en accord avec nos données épidémiologiques, démontrent un lien de causalité entre vasopressine/hydratation et désordre du métabolisme glucidique.
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- 2014
34. Mechanisms Involved in Dual Vasopressin/Apelin Neuron Dysfunction during Aging
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Delpech, J.C., Sauvant, Julie, Delpech, Jean-Christophe, Palin, Karine, De Mota, Nadia, Dudit, Jennifer, Aubert, Agnès, Orcel, Hélène, Roux, Pascale, Layé, Sophie, Moos, Françoise, Llorens-Cortes, Catherine, Nadjar, Agnès, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Nutrition et Neurobiologie intégrée (NutriNeuro), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Psychoneuroimmunologie, nutrition et génétique, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Neuropeptides centraux et régulations hydrique et cardiovasculaire, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en biologie (CIRB), Labex MemoLife, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Labex MemoLife, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Équipe de recherches sur l'histoire, les théories et la didactique de la littérature et des arts du spectacle des 19e, 20e et 21e siècles (Traverses 19-21), Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3, Nutrition et Neurobiologie intégrée (NutriNeur0), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, biologie et physique, Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en biologie (CIRB), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), HAL UPMC, Gestionnaire, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, biologie et physique, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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Male ,Vasopressin ,Aging ,microscopie ,Anatomy and Physiology ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,lcsh:Medicine ,Minocycline ,TRPV ,neurone récepteur ,Supraoptic nucleus ,Transient receptor potential channel ,0302 clinical medicine ,Aquaretic ,Immune Physiology ,cytokine ,animal adulte ,rat ,lcsh:Science ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Neurons ,0303 health sciences ,Multidisciplinary ,Chemistry ,Neurochemistry ,vieillissement ,peptide ,Apelin ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ,Cytokines ,[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC] ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists ,Research Article ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Vasopressins ,TRPV Cation Channels ,Neurophysiology ,Endocrine System ,animal jeune ,03 medical and health sciences ,Osmotic Pressure ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Rats, Wistar ,Biology ,plasma ,Neuroinflammation ,030304 developmental biology ,Endocrine Physiology ,Interleukin-6 ,lcsh:R ,Neuroendocrinology ,Rats ,Endocrinology ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Astrocytes ,vasopressine ,lcsh:Q ,Neuron ,Physiological Processes ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Neuroscience - Abstract
International audience; Normal aging is associated with vasopressin neuron adaptation, but little is known about its effects on the release of apelin, an aquaretic peptide colocalized with vasopressin. We found that plasma vasopressin concentrations were higher and plasma apelin concentrations lower in aged rats than in younger adults. The response of AVP/apelin neurons to osmotic challenge was impaired in aged rats. The overactivity of vasopressin neurons was sustained partly by the increased expression of Transient receptor potential vanilloid2 (Trpv2), because central Trpv blocker injection reversed the age-induced increase in plasma vasopressin concentration without modifying plasma apelin concentration. The morphofunctional plasticity of the supraoptic nucleus neuron-astrocyte network normally observed during chronic dehydration in adults appeared to be impaired in aged rats as well. IL-6 overproduction by astrocytes and low-grade microglial neuroinflammation may contribute to the modification of neuronal functioning during aging. Indeed, central treatment with antibodies against IL-6 decreased plasma vasopressin levels and increased plasma apelin concentration toward the values observed in younger adults. Conversely, minocycline treatment (inhibiting microglial metabolism) did not affect plasma vasopressin concentration, but increased plasma apelin concentration toward control values for younger adults. This study is the first to demonstrate dual vasopressin/apelin adaptation mediated by inflammatory molecules and neuronal Trpv2, during aging.
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- 2014
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35. Copeptin and Estimated Insulin Sensitivity in Adults With and Without Type 1 Diabetes: The CACTI Study.
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Jensen T, Bjornstad P, Johnson RJ, Sippl R, Rewers M, and Snell-Bergeon JK
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- Adult, Biomarkers blood, Coronary Artery Disease epidemiology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 epidemiology, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Coronary Artery Disease blood, Coronary Artery Disease diagnosis, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 blood, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 diagnosis, Glycopeptides blood, Insulin Resistance physiology
- Abstract
Objectives: Copeptin, a surrogate marker for vasopressin, is elevated in participants with insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes. Whereas adults with type 1 diabetes also demonstrate elevated copeptin concentrations and IR compared to controls without diabetes, the relationship between copeptin and IR in type 1 diabetes is unclear., Methods: Participants with (n=209) and without (n=244) type 1 diabetes in the Coronary Artery Calcification in Type 1 Diabetes (CACTI) study were assessed for serum copeptin, vitals, estimated glomerular filtration rate, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio, glycated hemoglobin and lipid panels. Estimated insulin sensitivity (eIS) was calculated by validated equations in participants with and without type 1 diabetes. The relationships among copeptin, IR, waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) were examined with unadjusted and adjusted linear regression models., Results: Copeptin was correlated with eIS (R=-0.17, R
2 =0.029), WC (R=0.16, R2 =0.026) and BMI (R=0.22, R2 =0.048) for type 1 diabetes and with eIS (R=-0.37, R2 =0.14), WC (R=0.40, R2 =0.16) and BMI (R=0.25, R2 =0.063) in non-type 1 diabetes. In multivariable analysis, copeptin correlated with total cholesterol (beta±SE: -0.12±0.04, p=0.008) and low-density lipoprotein (beta±SE: -0.11±0.04, p=0.01) in type 1 diabetes. In non-type 1 diabetes, copeptin was associated with WC (beta±SE: 0.14±0.04, p=0.0024), BMI (beta±SE: 0.13±0.04, p=0.007) and eIS (beta±SE: -0.14±0.04, p=0.0013)., Conclusions: Copeptin does not correlate with markers of IR in type 1 diabetes but strongly correlates in non-type 1 diabetes. Thus, elevated vasopressin activity and IR appear to be independent risk factors for vascular complications in type 1 diabetes., (Copyright © 2018 Diabetes Canada. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2019
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36. Conception, synthesis and evaluation of fluorescent probes and PET radioligands for the oxytocin and vasopressin receptors
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Karpenko, Iuliia and STAR, ABES
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Ocytocine ,[CHIM.THER] Chemical Sciences/Medicinal Chemistry ,TR-FRET ,RCPG ,Fluorescence ,PET ,Radiotracers ,Vasopressine ,TEP ,Ocytocin ,Fluorescent probes ,Sondes fluorescentes ,Radiotraceurs ,Vasopressin - Abstract
In order to better understand the role of OTR and AVPR in ASD, to reveal new features in its pharmacology and signaling and to establish high-throughput screening method on wild-type G protein-coupled receptors, we developed imaging probes for the oxytocin-vasopressin receptors family, namely radiotracers for positron emission tomography and optical probes for fluorescence detection and imaging. The fluorescent ligands have been used to establish TR-FRET binding assay for OTR and to initiate the development the screening assay for the wild-type oxytocin receptor. The PET radiotracers will be shortly tested in mice and monkeys to evaluate their potency in detecting the central oxytocin receptors., Les récepteurs de l’ocytocine (OTR) et de la vasopressine (AVPR) sont connus pour être impliqués dans la modulation d’effets centraux complexes. Récemment l’OTR a été proposé comme une cible thérapeutique pour le traitement des troubles du spectre autistique (TSA).Afin de mieux comprendre le rôle de l’OTR et des AVPR dans les TSA, d’éclaircir des nouveaux traits de sa pharmacologie et d’établir des méthodes du criblage sur les récepteurs sauvages, nous avons développé des traceurs pour la tomographie par émission des positons ainsi que des sondes fluorescentes pour la famille OT/AVP des RCPG. Les ligands fluorescents ont été utilisés pour établir un test de liaison TR-FRET pour l’OTR et pour initier le développement du test alternatif sur les récepteurs sauvages. Les radiotraceurs TEP seront bientôt testés chez la souris et chez le singe pour évaluer leurs performances pour la détection des récepteurs de l’ocytocine centraux avant d’envisager des études chez l’Homme.
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- 2014
37. Suprachiasmatic vasopressin and the circadian regulation of voluntary locomotor behavior
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Holly C. Cormier, Martin R. Ralph, Ilia Karatsoreos, Valeria Della-Maggiore, and Margaret M. Koletar
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Vasopressin ,Receptors, Vasopressin ,CIENCIAS MÉDICAS Y DE LA SALUD ,posterior hypothalamus ,Vasopressins ,Photoperiod ,Neurociencias ,Models, Neurological ,Biology ,Motor Activity ,Calbindin ,Periaqueductal gray ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Periaqueductal Gray ,Circadian rhythm ,030304 developmental biology ,Vasopressin receptor ,0303 health sciences ,Arginine vasopressin receptor 1A ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,Mesocricetus ,Suprachiasmatic nucleus ,General Neuroscience ,Preoptic Area ,Circadian Rhythm ,Medicina Básica ,Endocrinology ,Oncogene Proteins v-fos ,circadian rhythms ,vasopressine ,running wheel ,Suprachiasmatic Nucleus ,Neuroscience ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Antidiuretic Hormone Receptor Antagonists ,Golden hamster ,Central Nervous System Agents - Abstract
A role for arginine vasopressin in the circadian regulation of voluntary locomotor behavior (wheel running activity) was investigated in the golden hamster, Mesocricetus auratus. Spontaneous nocturnal running was suppressed in a dose-dependent manner by systemic injections of vasopressin, and also in a concentration-dependent manner by microinjections directly into the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus. Pre-injections of a vasopressin V1 receptor antagonist into the nucleus reduced the suppression of behavior by vasopressin. Ethogram analyses revealed that peripheral drug injections predominantly increased grooming, flank marking, and sleep-related behaviors. Central injections did not induce sleep, but increased grooming and periods of ´quiet vigilance´ (awake but not moving). Nocturnal behavioral profiles following either peripheral or central injections were similar to those shown by untreated animals in the hour prior to the onset of nocturnal wheel running. Site control vasopressin injections into the medial preoptic area or periaqueductal gray increased flank marking and grooming, but had no significant effect on locomotion, suggesting behavioral specificity of a vasopressin target near the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Both peripheral and central administration increased FOS-like immunoreactivity in the retinorecipient core of the suprachiasmatic nucleus. The distribution of FOS-positive cells overlapped the calbindin subregion, but was more extensive, and most calbindin-positive cells did not co-express FOS. We propose a model of temporal behavioral regulation wherein voluntary behavior, such as nocturnal locomotor activity, is inhibited by the activity of neurons in the suprachiasmatic ventrolateral core that project to the posterior hypothalamus and are driven by rhythmic vasopressin input from the dorsomedial shell. Fil: Cormier, Holly C.. University of Toronto; Canadá Fil: Della Maggiore, Valeria Monica. University of Toronto; Canadá. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay; Argentina Fil: Karatsoreos, Ilia N. Washington State University; Estados Unidos Fil: Koletar, Margaret M.. University of Toronto; Canadá Fil: Ralph, Martin R.. University of Toronto; Canadá
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- 2013
38. Design, synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of fluorescent probes and non-peptide agonists for oxytocin and vasopressin receptors : therapeutic and mechanistic applications
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Pflimlin, Elsa, Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique (LIT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Université de Strasbourg, Marcel Hibert, and STAR, ABES
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Ocytocine ,[CHIM.THER] Chemical Sciences/Medicinal Chemistry ,Fluorescent ligands ,High-throughput screening ,Ligands non peptidiques ,TR-FRET ,[SDV.BBM.BP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biophysics ,Non-peptide ligands ,Structure-activity relationships ,[CHIM.THER]Chemical Sciences/Medicinal Chemistry ,Oxytocin ,Récepteurs couplés aux protéines G ,[SDV.BBM.BP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biophysics ,Vasopressine ,G protein-coupled receptors ,Ligands fluorescents ,Relations structure-activité ,Arginine-vasopressin ,Criblage à haut débit - Abstract
G protein coupled receptors are the largest membrane protein family and play an important role in a large number ofphysiological processes. The comprehension of the ligand-receptor interaction from a mechanistic point of view but alsofor therapeutic use is crucial. Belonging to the G protein coupled receptors, the oxytocin and vasopressin receptors havebeen used as a model system. These two hormones play an important role in the modulation of attachment and affectin mammals. To accelerate the discovery of new ligands for oxytocin and vasopressin receptors and to explore thefundamental role of their interactions, we designed the first non-peptide fluorescent ligands for oxytocin and vasopressin V1a receptors. These ligands have been used to develop new binding tests based on TR-FRET technology and to prove the V1a and V2 receptor dimerisation. In parallel, we developed a new non-peptide oxytocin antagonist around an aza-diketopiperazine platform. . Optimization of benzodiazepine derivatives enables us to identify the best non peptideoxytocin agonists to date. In vivo studies in mice and monkeys are initiated to bring in the future a therapeuticsolution to social interaction problems in general and autism in particular, Les récepteurs couplés aux protéines G constituent la plus grande famille de protéines membranaires et interviennent dans de nombreux processus physiologiques. La compréhension de l’interaction ligand-récepteur d’un point de vue mécanistique mais également thérapeutique est cruciale. Appartenant à la famille des récepteurs couplés aux protéines G, les récepteurs de la vasopressine et de l’ocytocine ont été choisis comme modèle d’étude. Ces hormones jouent un rôle important dans la modulation de l’attachement et de l’affect chez les mammifères. Afin d’accélérer la découverte de ligands ocytocinergiques et d’explorer les mécanismes fondamentaux de leurs interactions, nous avons conçu les premiers ligands fluorescents non peptidiques des récepteurs de la vasopressine V1a et de l’ocytocine. Ces ligands ont été utilisés pour développer des tests de liaisons par TR-FRET et démontrer la dimérisation des récepteurs de la vasopressine V1a et V2 sur cellules. Des études autour de petites plates-formes dérivées d’aza-dicétopipérazine ont permis d’accéder à un nouvel antagoniste non peptidique du récepteur de l’ocytocine. L’optimisation de dérivés benzodiazépines ocytocinergiques par des études de relations structure-activité a permis d’identifier les meilleurs agonistes non peptidiques du récepteur de l’ocytocine à ce jour. Une étude in vivo chez la souris et chez le singe est amorcée pour apporter dans un futur, une solution thérapeutique aux problèmes d’interaction sociale en général et d’autisme en particulier.
- Published
- 2013
39. Biomarqueurs des états septiques sévères : vers de nouvelles stratégies thérapeutiques individualisées
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Guignant , Caroline, Hémostase, Inflammation et sepsis, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-VetAgro Sup ( VAS ), Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, Guillaume Monneret, and STAR, ABES
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[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences ,Endothelin1 ,Endothéline1 ,Biomarker ,Mortalité ,Infection nosocomiale ,Peptide natriurétique auriculaire ,Choc septique ,Death ,Adrenomedullin ,Adrénomédulline ,Nosocomial infection ,Vasopressine ,Biomarqueur ,Septic shock ,Sepsis ,PD-1 ,Atrial natriuretic peptide ,[ SDV.SA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences ,Vasopressin - Abstract
Septic syndromes remain the leading cause of death in the intensive care units despite numerous clinical trials. Septic patients constitute a very heterogeneous population. Therefore improved characterisation of patients in order to better target and personalize potential new therapeutics is highly desirable. A multiparametric biomarker-based approach could be an attractive alternative to obtain a global view of the pathophysiologic situation. In this context, we worked specifically on cardio-vascular and immune dysfunctions. We first confirmed the predictive value of biomarkers for mortality or nosocomial infections, and showed new elements. We observed that (1) PD-1 overexpression is associated with leukocyte anergy, (2) one biomarker could give different information over time, (3) information provided by the association of two biomarkers is more interesting than the addition of their individual values, and (4) dynamic expression of one biomarker is more informative than its expression at a given time point. Finally, our results illustrate the potential interest of biomarker panels to improve our understanding of the septic syndrome complexity and to reflect their rapid evolution. Consequently, next step will depend on our capacity to develop biostatistic tools that enable clinicians to get, in real time, a global view of the process over time. This key step is likely necessary to decrease the heterogeneity of septic patient population in order to better stratify and target next clinical trials in the field., En dépit de nombreux essais thérapeutiques, les syndromes septiques sont la première cause de mortalité en service de soins intensifs. La population septique étant très hétérogène, une meilleure caractérisation des patients serait essentielle afin de mieux individualiser et cibler les thérapeutiques potentiellement bénéfiques. Une approche multiparamétrique de l’utilisation des biomarqueurs est une alternative qui viserait à appréhender la situation de manière plus globale. Notre travail s’inscrit dans ce contexte au travers de l’étude plus spécifique de la défaillance des systèmes cardio-vasculaire et immunitaire. Au-delà de la confirmation de l’intérêt des biomarqueurs présentement étudiés (prohormones cardio-vasculaires et PD-1) dans la prédiction de la mortalité et du risque d’infections nosocomiales, nos résultats apportent des éléments nouveaux. Nous avons montré que (1) la sur-expression des molécules PD-1 est associée à l’énergie leucocytaire, (2) un même biomarqueur peut apporter une information différente au cours du temps, (3) l’information apportée par l’analyse simultanée de deux biomarqueurs est supérieure à celle de la somme de leurs valeurs individuelles, et (4) l’expression dynamique d’un biomarqueur est meilleure que son expression à un temps donné. Au total, notre travail illustre l’intérêt potentiel d’un panel de biomarqueurs pour mieux appréhender la complexité des états septiques et leur rapide évolution. Il reste néanmoins à développer des outils biostatistiques capables de donner au clinicien une vision globale en temps réel des processus en cours. Cela constituera une étape clé pour mieux stratifier et cibler les prochains essais cliniques dans le domaine.
- Published
- 2011
40. Seasonal changes in the hypothalamic vasopressinergic system of a wild Sahelian rodent, Taterillus petteri
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Bruno Sicard, Frédéric Fuminier, Jean Boissin, and Line Boissin-Agasse
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endocrine system ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Vasopressin ,VARIATION SAISONNIERE ,Histology ,Vasopressins ,Climate ,Hypothalamus ,Animals, Wild ,Biology ,Supraoptic nucleus ,RONGEUR ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine ,HORMONE ,Animal science ,Internal medicine ,Burkina Faso ,ESTIVATION ,medicine ,Animals ,RYTHME SAISONNIER ,VASOPRESSINE ,Taterillus petteri ,Suprachiasmatic nucleus ,LOCOMOTION ,ETUDE REGIONALE ,Median Eminence ,Cell Biology ,Torpor ,Water-Electrolyte Balance ,biology.organism_classification ,humanities ,PHYSIOLOGIE ANIMALE ,Diuresis ,Estivation ,Endocrinology ,nervous system ,METABOLISME ,EAU ,Median eminence ,Aestivation ,Suprachiasmatic Nucleus ,ANIMAL NUISIBLE ,Seasons ,Gerbillinae ,Supraoptic Nucleus ,Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus - Abstract
Seasonal variations in the immunoreactivity of vasopressinergic perikarya in the paraventricular (PVN), supraoptic (SON) and suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN), and in the labelling of vasopressinergic fibres in the internal zone of the median eminence were studied in Taterillus petteri, a rodent that is found in the north Burkina Faso (formerly Upper Volta). In this region, there are four seasonal climatic combinations: the humid and hot, humid and cold, dry and cold, and dry and hot seasons. In the dry hot season, the rodents experience phases of torpor (adaptation to dryness). Immunoreactivity of the PVN and SON is highest during the dry cold season. Labelling is intense during the dry hot and humid hot seasons, and is at its lowest during the humid cold season. In the SCN, labelling of the perikarya is only dense during the dry hot season, whereas for the rest of the year, the immunoreactivity is weak or undetectable. The pattern of immunoreactive variations of vasopressin-positive fibres located in the internal zone of the median eminence is similar to those of vasopressinergic perikarya in the PVN and SON. These results suggest that there is an association between: (1) seasonal modifications in the immunoreactivity of PVN and SON vasopressinergic perikarya and vasopressinergic fibres of the internal median eminence, and (2) climatic conditions, water metabolism, behavioural activity and diet. It is not possible to establish a correlation between seasonal variations in water availability and fluctuations in the labelling of vasopressinergic perikarya in the SCN. However, labelling is intense when the animals are in torpor during the dry hot season.
- Published
- 1993
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41. Evidence for suprachiasmatic vasopressin neurones innervating kisspeptin neurones in the rostral periventricular area of the mouse brain: regulation by oestrogen
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Vida, B., Deli, L., Hrabovszky, E., Kalamatianos, T., Caraty, Alain, Coen, C.W., Liposits, Z., Kallo, I., Institute of Experimental Medicine [Budapest] (KOKI), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Biomedical and Health Sciences, King‘s College London, Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Neuroscience, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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LH ,endocrine system ,nervous system ,NOYAU PREOPTIQUE ,GnRH ,RAT ,KISSPEPTINE ,[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC] ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists ,OESTROGENE ,NOYAU SUPRACHIASMATIQUE ,VASOPRESSINE - Abstract
In rodents, a circadian signal from the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is essential for the pro-oestrous surge of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which, in turn, induces luteinising hormone (LH) surge and ovulation. We hypothesised that kisspeptin (KP) neurones in the anteroventral periventricular and periventricular preoptic nuclei (AVPV/PeN) form part of the communication pathway between the SCN and GnRH neurones. In anterograde track tracing studies, we first identified vasopressin (VP)-containing axons of SCN origin in apposition to KP-immunoreactive (IR) neurones. Studies to quantify this input relied on the observation that VP-synthesising neurones in the SCN differ from other VP systems in their lack of galanin expression. In ovariectomised mice, 30.79 +/- 1.63% of KP-IR perikarya and proximal dendrites within the AVPV/PeN received galanin-negative VP-IR varicosities. Oestrogen-treatment significantly increased the number of KP-IR neurones, with their percentage apposed by galanin-negative VP-IR varicosities (46.95 +/- 1.88%) and the number of VP-IR appositions on individual KP-IR neurones. At the ultrastructural level, the VP-IR terminals formed symmetric synapses with KP-IR neurones, which was in accordance with the morphology of inhibitory synapses established by SCN neurones. By contrast to VP, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), which is synthesised by a distinct subset of SCN neurones, occurred only rarely in axons apposed to KP-IR neurones. Altogether, our results are consistent with the hypothesis that KP neurones located in the mouse AVPV/PeN receive circadian information from the SCN via a vasopressinergic monosynaptic pathway, which is enhanced by oestrogen.
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- 2010
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42. Neurobiological Mechanisms Involved in the Establishment and Maintenance of Dominance Hierarchies and its Modulation by Stress in Rats
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Timmer, Marjan and Sandi, Carmen
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dominance hierarchy ,soumis ,agression ,amygdale médiane ,vasopressin ,récepteurs ,corticosterone ,aggression ,septum latéral ,receptors ,lateral septum ,memory ,hiérarchie de dominance ,mémoire ,oxytocin ,ocytocine ,monoamine oxidase A ,rat ,vasopressine ,monoamine oxydase A ,medial amygdala ,subordinate ,corticostérone - Abstract
Stress can have a strong and long lasting effect on the establishment and maintenance of dominance hierarchies in rats. When two rats of a pair have not been stressed (non-stressed pair) before a first social encounter, they establish a dominance hierarchy, but the rank that is obtained during this first encounter is not maintained until a second encounter one week later. When one rat of the pair is stressed (stressed pair) before the first encounter, the stressed rat becomes subordinate during the first encounter and the hierarchy that is formed is long lasting and stable. In this thesis, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the effects of stress on dominance hierarchies were studied. In the first study, we investigated the role of increasing corticosterone levels before or just after a first encounter between two rats of a pair in the establishment and the long-term maintenance of a dominance hierarchy. We show that pre-social encounter corticosterone treatment does not affect the outcome of the hierarchy during a first encounter, but induces a long-term memory for the hierarchy when the corticosterone-injected rat becomes dominant during the encounter, but not when it becomes subordinate. Post-social encounter corticosterone leads to a long-term maintenance of the hierarchy only when the subordinate rat of the pair is injected with corticosterone. This corticosterone effect implicates glucocorticoids in the consolidation of the memory for a recently established hierarchy. Next, we investigated the immediate and long-term changes in mRNA levels of receptors for oxytocin and vasopressin in medial amygdala and lateral septum. In subordinate rats of the stressed pairs, we found a downregulation in oxytocin receptor mRNA in medial amygdala at three hours after the first encounter, and a downregulation in vasopressin 1a receptor mRNA in lateral septum one week after the first encounter. We show that administration of an oxytocin antagonist in the medial amygdala of the subordinate rat immediately after a first encounter induces a long-term memory for the established hierarchy. Administration of a vasopressin 1a receptor antagonist in the lateral septum of the subordinate rat just before a second encounter mimics the effects of exposure to acute stress on the long-term establishment of a dominance hierarchy. These results suggest a role for oxytocin and vasopressin in the effects of stress on the long-term establishment of dominance hierarchies. Finally, we investigated the long-term effects of acute stress and hierarchy formation on the establishment of a second hierarchy with an unfamiliar opponent. We show that the behavior of stressed subordinate rats towards an unfamiliar opponent depends on the previous status of the opponent: when paired with a previously dominant rat they become subordinate, whereas they become dominant when paired with a previously subordinate rat. Furthermore, we show that monoamine oxidase A and androgen receptor mRNA levels are downregulated in the lateral septum of stressed subordinate rats at one week after the first encounter; i.e., at the time when we have observed their flexible social behavior against unfamiliar opponents. The monoamine oxidase A inhibitor clorgyline was injected into the lateral septum to examine whether there was a causal relationship between changes in monoamine oxidase A mRNA levels and offensive behavior towards an unfamiliar subordinate opponent. However, our results did not support this hypothesis. Taken together, we have shown that exposure to acute stress and a social encounter leads to changes in the mRNA levels of receptors for oxytocin, vasopressin and androgens and of monoamine oxidase A. These changes might underlie the effect of stress on the formation of a stable and long-lasting dominance hierarchy. Corticosterone plays a role in the long-term maintenance of the recently established hierarchy and hence it is an ideal candidate to mediate some of the observed neurobiological changes.
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- 2010
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43. Comparison of microcirculatory effects between vasopressine and noradrenalin associates to volemic ressuscitation during hemorrhagic shock. Experimental study in hamster
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Lima, Ronald de Albuquerque, Villela, Nivaldo Ribeiro, Bouskela, Eliete, Bottino, Daniel Alexandre, Pereira, Leonel dos Santos, and Aguiar, Luiz Guilherme Kraemer de
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Choque hemorrágico ,Vasopressine ,Noradrenalina ,Hemorrhagic shock ,Microcirculation ,Vasopressina ,Noradrenaline ,Circulação Sanguínea ,Blood circulation ,Microcirculação ,CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::FISIOLOGIA::FISIOLOGIA DE ORGAOS E SISTEMAS::FISIOLOGIA CARDIOVASCULAR [CNPQ] - Abstract
Submitted by Boris Flegr (boris@uerj.br) on 2021-01-06T20:58:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ronaldo de Albuquerque Lima.pdf: 1435609 bytes, checksum: f9997ff0e1c9c7d77186070a659254e9 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-01-06T20:58:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ronaldo de Albuquerque Lima.pdf: 1435609 bytes, checksum: f9997ff0e1c9c7d77186070a659254e9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-20 Objectives: The goal of this work was to evaluate in vivo the microcirculatory effects and survival of animals subjected to hemorrhagic shock treated with vasopressin or noradrenalin associated to volume infusion associated with NaCl 0,9% Study design: Prospective, randomized, controlled, intervencionist study in animal model. Materials and methods: Golden Syrian hamsters were used, aging between 6 and 8 weeks with body mass ranging from 60 to 80 grams. Animals were anesthetized for dorsal chamber implant. After 5 to 7 days there was a new anesthesia for carotid artery and jugular vein catheter implantation. Next day the experiment took place. Animals suffered a hemorrhagic shock by withdrawal of 40% of blood volume, defined as 7% of body weight, and kept in shock condition for 1 hour. After, animals were randomly divided in three groups. SF0,9% group (N=6) received NaCl 0,9% two times the shed volume; VP group (N=6) received NaCl 0,9% two times the shed volume plus continuous infusion for one hour of vasopressin solution (0,0001UI/kg/min for one hour); Nora group received NaCl 0,9% two times the shed volume plus continuous infusion of noradrenalin solution (2mcg/kg/min for one hour). Arteriolar diameter, venular diameter and functional capillary density (FCD) were evaluated in baseline, after shock and after treatment. Laboratory parameters observed were: pH, HCO-3, BEx, paO2, paCO2 and lactate during all three phases of experiment. After end of treatment, leucocyte rolling and adhesion were visualized, as well as animal survival during seventy two hours. Results: Volume infusion by itself or associated with vasopressin or noradrenalin didn t altered blood gas analysis values or lactate related to hemorrhagic shock. Vasopressin therapy associated with volume infusion sustained functional capillary density after hemorrhagic shock resuscitation (97% of baseline median values), while treatment with NaCl 0,9% only, didn t obtained the same result (70% of baseline median values). Noradrenalin associated to volume infusion worsened the functional capillary density after treatment (44% of baseline median values). Survival in seventy two hours were significantly lower in noradrenalin group comparing to vasopressin group (33% relating to Vaso group). In the end of experiment wasn t observed any significantly statistical difference relative to leucocyte rolling or adhesion. Conclusion: During hemorrhagic shock, treatment with NaCl 0,9% infusion associated with vasopressin sustains FCD, while treatment with NaCl 0,9% only or associated to noradrenalin worsens FCD. Treatment with vasopressin solution improves survival comparing to noradrenalin infusion treatment. Although leucocyte adhesion wasn t significantly altered among groups, there was a trend in observe lesser adhesion in vasopressin group. Objetivos: Este trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar in vivo os efeitos microcirculatórios e a sobrevida de animais submetidos ao choque hemorrágico tratados com vasopressina e noradrenalina associadas à reposição volêmica com solução de NaCl 0,9% . Desenho do estudo: Estudo prospectivo, randomizado, controlado, intervencionista em modelo animal. Materiais e métodos: Utilizou-se hamsters machos do tipo sírio dourado, com idade entre 6 e 8 semanas e massa corporal entre 60 e 80 gramas. Os animais foram anestesiados para colocação de uma câmara dorsal. Após 5 a 7 dias, foram re-anestesiados para implante de cânulas na carótida e na veia jugular. No dia seguinte realizou-se o experimento. Os animais sofreram choque hemorrágico por meio da retirada de 40% da volemia, definida como 7% do peso corporal, e mantidos em choque por uma hora. Após, os animais foram aleatoriamente divididos em três grupos : Grupo SF0,9% (N = 6) - recebeu solução de NaCl 0,9% em volume de duas vezes o volume de sangue retirado; Grupo VP recebeu solução de NaCl 0,9% em volume de duas vezes o volume de sangue retirado, associado à infusão contínua durante uma hora de vasopresssina (0,0001 UI/kg/min por uma hora); e Grupo Nora. recebeu solução de NaCl 0,9% em volume de duas vezes o volume de sangue retirado, associado à infusão contínua de solução de noradrenalina (2 µg/kg/min por uma hora). Foram avaliados os diâmetros das arteriolas e vênulas e a densidade capilar funcional (DCF) no momento basal, após o choque e após o tratamento. Os parâmetros laboratoriais observados foram: pH, HCO-3, BEx, paO2, paCO2 e lactato durante as três fases do experimento. Após o término do tratamento, foi visualizado o rolamento e adesão de leucócitos , assim como a sobrevida dos animais durante setenta e duas horas. Resultados: A terapia com reposição volêmica por si ou associada à vasopressina ou à noradrenalina não alterou valores relativos à gasometria arterial ou lactato em relação ao choque. A terapia com vasopressina associada à reposição volêmica manteve a densidade capilar funcional após ressuscitação do choque hemorrágico, (97% do valor basal da mediana), enquanto tratamento com solução de NaCl 0,9% apenas, não obteve o mesmo resultado (70% do valor basal da mediana). A noradrenalina associada à reposição volêmica piorou a densidade capilar funcional após o tratamento (44% do valor basal da mediana). A sobrevivência em setenta e duas horas foi significativamente menor no grupo da noradrenalina do que no grupo da vasopressina (33% em relação ao grupo Vaso). Ao final do experimento não foi observada diferença estatisticamente significativa relativa à adesão ou rolamento de leucócitos. Conclusão: Durante o choque hemorrágico, o tratamento com infusão de solução de NaCl 0,9% associada à vasopressina mantém a DCF, enquanto que o tratamento com solução de NaCl 0,9% somente ou associada à noradrenalina pioram a DCF. O tratamento com vasopressina melhora a sobrevida dos animais, em comparação ao tratamento com noradrenalina. Embora a adesão leucocitária não esteja significativamente alterada entre os grupos, houve uma tendência em obtermos uma adesão menor no grupo da vasopressina.
- Published
- 2009
44. Micelles polymères unimoléculaires ou inverses pour l'administration orale d'agent thérapeutiques
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Jones, Marie-Christine, Leroux, Jean-Christophe, and Ranger, Maxime
- Subjects
Voie orale ,Micelles unimoléculaires ,Polymérisation radicalaire par transfert d'atomes ,Sensibilité au pH ,Vasopressine ,Micelles inverses ,Peptide ,Polymeric micelles ,Micelles polymères ,Unimolecular micelles ,Vasopressin ,pH-sensistivity ,Reverse micelles ,Atom transfer radical polymerization - Abstract
Thèse numérisée par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.
- Published
- 2008
45. Contrôle noradrénergique de la plasticité neurochimique et structurale dans le noyau supra-optique de l'hypothalamus chez la souris
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Maolood, Nasren, Maolood, Nasren, Neurobiologie des signaux intercellulaires (NSI), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, and Helene Hardin-Pouzet
- Subjects
Noradrénaline ,Ocytocine ,Vasopressine ,nervous system ,Métaloprotéases ,[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC] ,[SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC] ,Noyau supra-optique ,NO - Abstract
The magnocellular neurons of supraoptic nuclei (SON) participate in the synthesis and the release of vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OT). This nucleus undergoes a reversible neurochemical and structural plasticity in response to physiological stimulations such as lactation, parturition and dehydration. Noradrenalin (NA) plays a critical role in this plasticity but the precise mechanisms of this regulation are not yet well elucidated. Indeed, many factors could be implicated in this regulation. Here we chose to study two of these factors: nitric oxide (NO) and metalloproteinases (MMP). We used an ex-vivo model of hypothalamus slices (400µm) of C3H male mouse, containing the SON, maintained in an incubation chamber, under various pharmacological conditions. These slices underwent pharmacological treatments for 1h or 4h in the presence of NA. In order to determine the implication of NO or MMP in the NA signalling pathway;,treatments by L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, inhibitor of NO), sodium nitroprusside (SNP, donor of NO), the EGTA (inhibitor of Ca+2), and phenanthroline (inhibitor of MMP) were carried out. A quantification of the two peptides synthesized by magnocellular neurons under these conditions was carried out by enzymatic immuno-assay, and the study of the expression and the activity of the different peptides and factors were carried out by immunohistochemistry, histoenzymology, and in situ zymography. In the first part of this work, we showed that NA stimulates the expression of AVP and OT validating thus our ex-vivo model. In parallel, an increase in the expression of nNOS and iNOS, and also in the activity of NADPH-diaphorase by NA was observed in the magnocellular neurons of the SON. No detection of eNOS was observed in the SON. Combining L-NAME to NA treatment, we showed that NO is implicated in the NA regulation of AVP but not that of OT. Using a blocker of the activity of nNOS we showed that NO implicated in the regulation of AVP by NA originated from nNOS and iNOS. In the second part of this work, we showed that the neurochemical plasticity induced by NA could imply ECM molecules. We showed that MMP2 and MMP9 are expressed in vasopressin and oxytocin neurons and also in astrocytes. We then showed that NA increases the expression and the activity of these MMPs in magnocellular neurons of the SON. The implication of MMP2 and MMP9 in the regulation of the AVP and the OT by NA, realized by immunohistochemistry using an inhibitor of MMPs, demonstrated that these MMPs could be one of the factors implicated in the plasticity of the magnocellular neurons of SON., Les neurones magnocellulaires du noyau supraoptique (NSO) participent à la synthèse et la libération de la vasopressine (AVP) et de l'ocytocine (OT). Ce noyau subit une plasticité neurochimique et structurale réversible en réponse aux stimulations physiologiques telles que la lactation, la parturition et la déshydratation. La noradrénaline (NA) joue un rôle critique dans cette plasticité mais les mécanismes précis de cette régulation ne sont pas encore bien élucidés. En effet plusieurs facteurs moléculaires ou cellulaires pourraient être impliqués dans cette régulation. Dans le but d'étudier les facteurs impliqués dans la régulation de l'AVP et de l'OT par la NA, nous avons choisi de nous intéresser au monoxyde azote (NO) et aux métalloprotéinases (MMP). Nous avons utilisé un modèle ex-vivo de tranches d'hypothalamus (400µm) de souris C3H mâle, contenant les NSO, maintenues en survie dans une chambre d'incubation, dans différentes conditions pharmacologiques. Ces tranches ont subi des traitements pharmacologiques pour 1h ou 4h en présence de la NA. Afin de déterminer l'implication du NO ou des MMP dans la voie de signalisation de la NA, des traitements par le L-arginine méthyl ester (L-NAME, inhibiteur de NO), le sodium nitroprusside (SNP, donneur de NO), l'EGTA (bloquer du Ca+2), et la phénanthroline (inhibiteur de MMP) ont été réalisé. Une quantification des deux peptides synthétisés par les neurones magnocellulaires dans ces conditions a été réalisée par le dosage immunoenzymatique, et l'étude de l'expression et de l'activité des différents peptides et facteurs a été réalisée par immunohistochimie, histoenzymologie, et zymographie in situ.Dans la première partie de ce travail, nous avons montré que la NA stimule l'expression de l'AVP et de l'OT validant ainsi notre modèle ex-vivo par rapport aux modèles in-vivo. Parallèlement, une augmentation de l'expression et de l'activité de la nNOS et la iNOS, ainsi que l'activité de la NADPH-diaphorase par la NA a été observé dans les neurones magnocellulaires du NSO. Aucune détection de la eNOS n'a été observée. L'utilisation de L-NAME au cours du traitement NA nous a permis de montrer que le NO est impliqué dans la voie de régulation de l'AVP par la NA mais pas dans celle de l'OT. L'analyse immunoenzymatique en utilisant un bloqueur de l'activité de la nNOS nous a permis de constater que le NO impliqué dans la régulation d'AVP par la NA provient à la fois de l'activité de la nNOS et de la iNOS.Dans le deuxième partie, nous avons montré que la plasticité neurochimique induite par la NA pourrait impliquer des molécules de la MEC. Nous avons montré que la MMP2 et la MMP9 sont exprimées dans des neurones vasopressinergiques, ocytocinergiques, ainsi que dans les astrocytes. Nous avons ensuite montré que la NA augmente l'expression et l'activité de ces MMPs dans les neurones magnocellulaires du NSO. L'implication de la MMP2 et de la MMP9 dans la régulation de l'AVP et de l'OT par la NA, réalisée par immunohistochimie en utilisant un inhibiteur des MMPs, a permis de suggérer que ces MMPs pourraient être un des facteurs impliqués dans la plasticité des neurones magnocellulaires du NSO.
- Published
- 2007
46. Neurobiological Mechanisms Involved in the Establishment and Maintenance of Dominance Hierarchies and its Modulation by Stress in Rats
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Timmer, Marjan, Sandi, Carmen, Timmer, Marjan, and Sandi, Carmen
- Abstract
Stress can have a strong and long lasting effect on the establishment and maintenance of dominance hierarchies in rats. When two rats of a pair have not been stressed (non-stressed pair) before a first social encounter, they establish a dominance hierarchy, but the rank that is obtained during this first encounter is not maintained until a second encounter one week later. When one rat of the pair is stressed (stressed pair) before the first encounter, the stressed rat becomes subordinate during the first encounter and the hierarchy that is formed is long lasting and stable. In this thesis, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the effects of stress on dominance hierarchies were studied. In the first study, we investigated the role of increasing corticosterone levels before or just after a first encounter between two rats of a pair in the establishment and the long-term maintenance of a dominance hierarchy. We show that pre-social encounter corticosterone treatment does not affect the outcome of the hierarchy during a first encounter, but induces a long-term memory for the hierarchy when the corticosterone-injected rat becomes dominant during the encounter, but not when it becomes subordinate. Post-social encounter corticosterone leads to a long-term maintenance of the hierarchy only when the subordinate rat of the pair is injected with corticosterone. This corticosterone effect implicates glucocorticoids in the consolidation of the memory for a recently established hierarchy. Next, we investigated the immediate and long-term changes in mRNA levels of receptors for oxytocin and vasopressin in medial amygdala and lateral septum. In subordinate rats of the stressed pairs, we found a downregulation in oxytocin receptor mRNA in medial amygdala at three hours after the first encounter, and a downregulation in vasopressin 1a receptor mRNA in lateral septum one week after the first encounter. We show that administration of an oxytocin antagonist in the medial amygdala o
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Le système vasopressinergique et son rôle possible dans la maturation cardiaque
- Author
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Miszkurka, Malgorzata, Gutkowska, Jolanta, and Jankowski, Marek
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V2 ,V1 ,Vasopressine ,ARNms ,Ontogénèse postnatale ,Rat ,Immunolocalisation ,Protéines ,Coeur - Abstract
Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.
- Published
- 2006
48. La vasopressine module l'expression de l'isoforme neuronale de la 'Nitric oxyde synthetase' (NOS) dans la medulla du rat
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Niksic, Laurent and Martin, Pierre-Yves
- Subjects
ddc:616 ,Vasopressine ,Nitric ,Isoforme ,Neuronale - Abstract
Dans les cellules principales du tube collecteur, la vasopressine (AVP) contrôle principalement l'expression de l'aquaporine-2, mais également l'expression d'autres gênes. Le monoxyde d'azote (NO) étant impliqué dans la régulation de la réabsorption d'eau dans le tube collecteur, nous avons analysé l'effet de l'AVP sur l'expression rénale des isoformes de la NO synthétase (nNOS, eNOS et iNOS) par Western blot. Les rats ont été soumis à une restriction hydrique ou une charge hydrique afin de modifier leur concentration d'AVP. Nous avons utilisé comme autres modèles, des rats Brattleboro déficient en AVP, perfusé en AVP et recevant un antagoniste spécifique du récepteur V2 (SR-121463B). Nos résultats ont démontré que l'AVP augmente spécifiquement l'expression de la nNOS dans la médulla externe et la papille. La nNOS étant spécifiquement exprimée dans les cellules principales, la stimulation de l'expression de la nNOS par l'AVP pourrait participer à la modulation de la réabsorption d'eau.
- Published
- 2005
49. Implication des facteurs endothéliaux dans la tachyphylaxie à la vasopressine des aortes de rats
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Hamel, Christine and Lamontagne, Daniel
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Vasopressine ,Acides époxyeicosatriénoïques ,Monoxyde d'azote ,Rat ,Endothélium ,Aorte ,Prostaglandines ,Protéine kinase C ,Tachyphylaxie - Abstract
Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.
- Published
- 2004
50. L'utilisation de l'arginine-vasopressine dans la prise en charge initiale du choc septique hyperdynamique
- Author
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Lauzier, François, [non identifié], Lauzier, François, and [non identifié]
- Abstract
Le choc septique demeure la principale cause de décès dans les unités de soins intensifs. Initialement, le choc septique se manifeste par une hypovolémie relative, une vasoconstriction artérielle et une chute du débit cardiaque. Une réanimation liquidienne agressive permet généralement de restaurer le débit cardiaque, mais démasque en contrepartie un état vasoplégique pouvant causer une hypotension artérielle. Pour contrer cette vasodilatation excessive, l'administration exogène de catécholamines devient nécessaire, mais est parfois associée à une tachyphylaxie ou à des effets secondaires potentiellement délétères. Depuis la description d'un déficit relatif en vasopressine induit par le sepsis, l'infusion de doses dites physiologiques d'arginine-vasopressine comme traitement adjuvant du choc septique réfractaire aux catécholamines est devenue de plus en plus répandue. Plusieurs séries de cas et quelques essais cliniques randomisés ont confirmé que l'arginine-vasopressine s'avère utile pour maintenir la pression artérielle et diminuer les besoins en catécholamines. Cependant, aucun essai clinique randomisé n'a comparé l'effet de l'arginine-vasopressine à celui de la norépinéphrine sur la pression artérielle moyenne dans la prise en charge initiale du choc septique hyperdynamique. Méthode. Nous avons réalisé un essai clinique, ouvert et randomisé comparant l'effet de l'arginine-vasopressine à celui de la norépinéphrine sur différents paramètres hémodynamiques et métaboliques de patients en choc septique hyperdynamique (avec index cardiaque supérieur à 3 L/min/m[indice supérieur 2]) identifié depuis moins de 12 heures. Dix et treize patients ont respectivement été assignés à recevoir de la norépinéphrine (0,8[mu]g à 2,8[mu]g/kg/min) ou de l'arginine-vasopressine (0,04 à 0,2 UI/min) afin de maintenir une pression artérielle moyenne supérieure à 70 mm Hg. L'administration du deuxième vasopresseur n'était permise que si la dose maximale de l'agent initial ne parvenait pas
- Published
- 2007
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