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Seen from the analytical angle of national security, resilience often contains localizations related to the psychological and social dimensions. Having complex psychological connotations, resilience can be considered both as a process and as a result, taking into account the capacity of social entities to resist, adapt and recover the levels of resistance, of adaptation and recovery of past levels lost after massive destructions. It must be accepted that the resilient process can be triggered at the levels of the individual and the community, by releasing the energies held, with the aim of restoring previously damaged levels. It signifies flexibility and the possibility of mobilizing internal energies and counteracting negative factors present in the subject's or social group's domestic or external environment. Resilient requirements emphasize the important role of the knowledge of theoretical-analytical contents, organizational approaches, deciphering the possible sequence of stages and knowing the physiognomy of the resilient process, all these approaches being useful for reducing, stopping and countering hybrid and asymmetric threats, restoring the damage to normal levels, which occurred in the past.

Although pesticides have been a constant concern for decades, in the last ten years, public discussions and scientific research have emphasized their impact on human health and the environment, drawing increased attention to the problems associated with their use. The association of environmental stressors such as pesticides with a sugar-rich diet can contribute to the growing global metabolic disease epidemic through overlapping mechanisms of insulin resistance, inflammation, and metabolic dysregulation. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the behavioral effects of the exposure of Silver crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) to a commercial insecticide formulation containing fipronil, pyriproxyfen, and other additives, as well as sucrose and their mixtures. The behavioral responses in the T-test showed significant abnormalities in the exploratory activity evocative of memory deficits and an increased degree of anxiety in the groups of fish treated with the insecticide formulation and the mixture of the insecticide with sucrose. Aggression, quantified in the mirror-biting test, as biting and the frequency of approaches to the mirror contact zone, was significantly decreased only in the insecticide and sucrose group. All three groups showed behavioral changes reflective of toxicity, but only the combination of the two stress factors, environmental (insecticide) and metabolic (sucrose intake), resulted in pronounced memory alterations.

Abstract This study aimed to isolate Streptomyces sp. from Moroccan terrestrial ecosystems and identify bioactive compounds through GC–MS analysis. Antimicrobial activity was assessed against various pathogenic microorganisms including Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Candida albicans ATCC 60193, and multi-drug resistant strains comprising Listeria monocytogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae 19K 929, Proteus sp. 19K1313, Klebsiella pneumoniae 20B1572, Proteus vulgaris 16C1737, and Klebsiella pneumoniae 20B1572. Based on the results of the gene sequencing of gene 16S rRNA and phylogenetic analysis, the E2 isolate belongs to the genus Streptomyces with the highest degree of resemblance (97.51%) to the Streptomyces africanus strain NBRC 101005 (NR_112600.1). The isolate exhibited broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, with maximum efficacy against Klebsiella pneumoniae 20B1572 indicated by an inhibition zone diameter of 22.5 ± 0.71mm and a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.0625 mg/mL. The in vitro antioxidant potential of E2 strain was determined through screening of its ethyl acetate extract against sets of antioxidant assays. The results were indicative of E2 strain displaying strong antioxidant activity against ABTS, DPPH free radicals, and FRAP. Furthermore, there was a high significant correlation (p

Resilience refers to the multidimensional, essential capacity of the subject or collectivity to survive and thrive in the face of various challenges. The paradigm of resilience encompasses the idea, mechanism or approach of returning the affected state of the subject, large social group, society and the state to the initial level, with surprising level increases that may be present in the future. The security of the nation or belonging to alliances cannot be conferred only by the military dimension. Aspects of political stability and predictability, economic well-being and equilibrium, social cohesion, financial stability, the provision of diverse resources, as well as the robustness of infrastructure must be considered. The causes of a fall in standards must be identified together with the moments and possibilities for recovery and the acceptance of recovery policies as well as strategies. The establishment of the Euro-Atlantic Centre for Resilience in Bucharest came to support the two security organizations, NATO and the European Union, member and partner states, to anticipate, monitor, prepare and respond effectively to the diversity of crises and threats of today's world. The Center has a major role for NATO and the European Union's crisis resolution capabilities, intervening by promoting resilience, innovation and cooperation. The Center considers multidisciplinary modalities, with an emphasis on building collaboration, sharing knowledge and best practices - which are essential in preparing for and responding adequately to threats and crises.

Abstract This study aimed to explore the antioxidant potential of the ethyl acetate extract of Streptomyces coeruleofuscus SCJ strain, along with its inhibitory effects on the triple-negative human breast carcinoma cell line (MDA-MB-468). The ethyl acetate extract’s total phenolic and flavonoid contents were quantified, and its antioxidant activity was investigated using DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), and FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) assays. Furthermore, the cytotoxic effect of the organic extract from Streptomyces coeruleofuscus SCJ on MDA-MB-468 cancer cells was assessed via the crystal violet assay. In tandem, a thorough computational investigation was conducted to explore the pharmacokinetic properties of the identified components of the extract, utilizing the SwissADME and pKCSM web servers. Additionally, the molecular interactions between these components and Estrogen Receptor Beta, identified as a potential target, were probed through molecular docking studies. The results revealed that ethyl acetate extract of SCJ strain exhibited remarkable antioxidant activity, with 39.899 ± 1.56% and 35.798 ± 0.082% scavenging activities against DPPH and ABTS, respectively, at 1 mg/mL. The extract also displayed significant ferric reducing power, with a concentration of 1.087 ± 0.026 mg ascorbic acid equivalents per mg of dry extract. Furthermore, a strong positive correlation (p

Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is a major pest of potatoes and other crops, highlighting the need for effective management strategies. This study evaluated the efficacy of a predatory mite and an entomopathogenic fungus, both individually and in combination, against P. solenopsis on potato plants under greenhouse (24.6–35.2 °C) and field conditions (24.9–35.9 °C). The treatments included: untreated control, Tween 80 (TW), the predatory mite Amblyseius swirskii (Athias-Henriot) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) (AS), the fungal pathogen Alternaria destruens (AD), AD + AS, and imidacloprid (ICP) (positive control). Treatment efficacy was evaluated weekly for five weeks, with predators released five days after fungal application. The AD + AS treatment significantly reduced P. solenopsis egg and motile stage counts compared to both initial levels and the individual treatments, reaching 9.88 eggs and 8.11 motile stages in greenhouse trials, and 9.22 eggs and 7.11 motile stages in field trials by week 5. The AD treatment alone caused the highest number of mummified mealybugs by week 5 (28.7 and 26.7 per plant in greenhouse and field trials, respectively), indicating strong pathogen-induced mortality. Amblyseius swirskii populations peaked at 34.8 and 26.7 mites per plant in the greenhouse and field, respectively, by week 3 in the AS alone treatment, with lower densities in the AD + AS treatment due to predator-fungus interactions. The AD + AS treatment effectively reduced P. solenopsis infestations while preserving the visual quality of treated plants (visual quality score > 9.50 by week 5), highlighting its potential for the management of P. solenopsis.

Background/ObjectivesSchizophrenia is a complex mental disorder influenced by genetic and environmental factors, including dietary habits. Oxidative stress and inflammation play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Emerging research suggests that diet may affect schizophrenia through different biological mechanisms beyond oxidative stress and inflammation. In particular, epigenetic changes may alter the expression of genes related to neurodevelopment and neurotransmitter systems, while neuroplasticity plays a crucial role in brain adaptation and resilience to psychiatric disorders.MethodsThe literature search included the main available databases (Science Direct, PubMed and Google Scholar), considering the English language, and our screening was performed based on several words such as “schizophrenia”, “diet”, “nutrients”, “obesity”, “oxidative stress”, “inflammation”, “antioxidants” and “prenatal nutritional deficiency”. The review focused specifically on studies examining the relevance of diet in schizophrenia, as well as prenatal nutritional deficiency, obesity, oxidative stress, and inflammation associated with this disorder.ResultsFollowing a review of the literature, it was found that nutritional deficiencies, including lack of omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins D, and B, during the prenatal and postnatal periods can have a negative impact on neurodevelopment and increase the risk of schizophrenia. Patients with schizophrenia have imbalances in antioxidant enzymes, such as glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and reduced levels of antioxidants (vitamin E, vitamin C). These biochemical changes lead to an increase in markers of oxidative stress, including malondialdehyde (MDA). In addition, cytokine-mediated inflammation, microglial activation, and intestinal dysbiosis are associated with the onset of schizophrenia and the severity of schizophrenia symptoms. Currently, there is no universally accepted dietary regimen for control. However, various diets and nutritional methods are being researched and applied to alleviate the symptoms of schizophrenia and improve the overall health of patients, including the Mediterranean diet, the ketogenic diet, the gluten-free diet, and the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet.ConclusionA healthy diet, rich in anti-inflammatory nutrients and antioxidants, may help manage schizophrenia by reducing oxidative stress, preventing complications, and improving quality of life. Omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin D, and B vitamins are particularly important for brain development and function. In this review, we aim to analyze the literature on the influence of diet on schizophrenia, focusing on the role of prenatal nutritional deficiencies, obesity, oxidative stress, and inflammation.

Abstract We propose a hybrid inertial self-adaptive algorithm for solving the split feasibility problem and fixed point problem in the class of demicontractive mappings. Our results are very general and extend several related results existing in the literature from the class of nonexpansive or quasi-nonexpansive mappings to the larger class of demicontractive mappings. Examples to illustrate numerically the effectiveness of the new analytical results are presented.

IntroductionPhenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley, poses a significant threat to a range of crops worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of entomopathogenic fungi (Alternaria murispora and Alternaria destruens) and bacteria (Streptomyces bellus-E23-2) against adult females of P. solenopsis under laboratory (26 ± 2°C) and greenhouse conditions.MethodsLaboratory trials tested A. murispora, A. destruens (104–1010 conidia mL−1), and S. bellus E23-2 (104–1010 cfu mL−1), alone and in combination, recording mortality rates and LC50 values. Greenhouse trials tested the best lab treatments on infested potato plants, monitoring pest density and plant quality.Results and discussionIn laboratory trials, A. murispora at 1010 conidia mL−1 was the most effective, achieved 79.7% mortality (LC50 = 1.338 × 108 conidia mL−1 after 14 days). Combination treatments significantly enhanced efficacy, with A. murispora + S. bellus E23-2 (1010 conidia mL−1 + 1010 cfu mL−1) reaching 85.3% mortality. In greenhouse trials, the combination treatments notably reduced P. solenopsis densities and increased the number of infected mealybugs, with A. murispora + S. bellus E23-2 being the most effective. These treatments did not harm plant quality, unlike imidacloprid, which reduced visual quality despite its high efficacy. Alternaria murispora and S. bellus E23-2 effectively control P. solenopsis, providing a sustainable, plant-safe alternative to chemical insecticides.

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in dogs is a metabolic disorder of the central nervous system that occurs secondarily to liver dysfunctions, whether due to acquired or congenital causes. A portosystemic shunt is the presence of abnormal communications between the hepatic vessels (portal and suprahepatic veins). As a result of this, the blood brought from the digestive tract through the portal vein bypasses the liver, and the unmetabolized components of the portal bloodstream enter directly into systemic circulation, causing clinical symptoms of metabolic encephalopathy (HE). A 3-month-old Bichon canine patient with a history of seizures secondarily to a portosystemic shunt (PS), confirmed through color Doppler ultrasound exam and computed tomography, was presented for evaluation. The typical electroencephalographic (EEG) traces recorded were characterized by the presence of bilateral symmetrical triphasic waves, resembling non-convulsive status epilepticus. The presence of this EEG pattern is useful in choosing the best therapeutic option in order to not accentuate the HE sings and, consequently, to decrease the mortality risk due to a prolonged status epilepticus.

The main elements that define the climate of a place are air temperature and atmospheric precipitation. Through this study, we aim to highlight the significance and extent of the trends of the two climatic elements for the interval 1961- 2020 at the Cotnari meteorological station compared to those at the territorially neighboring stations Botoşani, Iaşi and Roman. For this purpose, we identified the basic thermo-pluviometric peculiarities at the Cotnari meteorological station for the period 1961-2020 and analyzed the evolution of the thermo-pluviometric parameters on interdecadal and interannual periods. We then applied the Mann-Kendall test combined with Sen's slope to estimate the trend over the reference period. Following these analyses, in Cotnari, taking as a reference the average annual temperature of 9.6°C and the average annual amount of precipitation of 543.8 mm, we found that after the year 2000, the trend of these two elements was positive, which shows an increase in air temperature and quantitative atmospheric precipitation. In total, the annual thermal averages increased statistically significantly by 0.33°C/decade. Annual precipitation increased during 1961–2020 by 2.2 mm/decade and showed modest statistical significance.

Pollution is being discussed more and more in the world. It is known that the production of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polyester (GRP) is a polluting process. Also, the implementation of GRP is a process that can cause various ailments to the personnel who apply it. Over time, boats made of GRP suffer degradation due to interaction with the environment: cracks, exfoliation of the outer layer of gelcoat, etc. These degradations must be remedied, operations that involve the application of substances that are also polluting. More and more traditional manufacturers of sports boats are replacing GRP with aluminum. This, although the process of obtaining it from the ore is not without toxic components, is less polluting and friendlier to the executors than GRP. In this paper, we seek to elucidate the advantages that aluminum has over GRP in the construction of sports boats.

Nails are involved in most everyday activities, whether physically for seemingly simple actions such, protection against external factors or roles with an aesthetic implication, for the integration of people into society. Often, any change at an aesthetic level is felt both from the point of view of the patient, who can be affected at a psychological level, feeling anxiety due to the lack of a part considered essential, and from the point of view of society that imposes a certain standard to be accepted in the community. Because of this societal standard, people with an untreatable nail deformity or disease can feel marginalized and excluded. Recently, an important number of studies have been carried out in this field, especially since the uses of polymeric materials have gained a wide field of applicability. In this work, the comparison between three types of polymeric materials used in salon work was highlighted, for the aesthetic treatment of some diseases with a long healing time or even untreatable, by making prostheses for the affected nail plates of onycholysis. The mentioned materials were analysed microscopically, tested for roughness and hardness, and tested for compression and bending resistance, in order to understand how a nail prosthesis made of these materials behaves under different actions and external factors to which the nails are subjected to in daily activities. Finally, the method of making a nail prosthesis from one of the tested polymeric materials was presented and the importance of the functions of the nails, both aesthetic and medical, was highlighted.

Gastrointestinal cancers (GIC), encompassing colonic, rectal, and gastric malignancies, rank among the most prevalent cancer types globally, contributing significantly to cancer-related mortality. In the scientific literature, various syndromes associated with colorectal and gastric cancers have been elucidated, highlighting the intricate interplay between genetic factors and disease manifestation. The primary objective of this study was to conduct a genetic exploration aimed at elucidating these associations and identifying shared genetic determinants across these cancer types. Notably, considerable research has focused on the KRAS gene mutations, polymorphisms in nucleic acids, the Wnt signaling pathway, and the role of chemokine ligands in tumorigenesis. While investigations into natural plant extracts as potential therapeutic agents are still in their nascent stages, they represent a promising avenue for future research. Ongoing studies are essential to uncover suitable biomarkers that could facilitate the identification and understanding of the genetic links between these GIC. This exploration not only seeks to enhance our comprehension of the underlying genetic architecture but also aims to inform the development of targeted therapies and preventive strategies.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the contamination state of the surface soil from 10 parks from Galati, Romania, and the health hazards of the soil. The soil samples, collected in each site from the playing ground and from the edge of the park, were analyzed by using combined Wavelength- (WDXRF) and Energy-Dispersive (EDXRF) X-ray fluorescence techniques. A total number of 27 chemical elements (Ag, Al, As, Ba, Ca, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Rb, Sb, Sc, Sn, Sr, Ti, V, Zn and Zr) were quantified in the urban soils, and the results were compared to the normal and alert values from Romanian legislation for toxic trace elements, as well as with European and world average values of element concentrations. The mineralogical analyses were performed by Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy-Dispersive X-ray Analysis (SEM-EDX) and the Attenuated Total Reflectance–Fourier Transform Infrared technique (ATR-FTIR). To assess the soil contamination and the impact on human health of the presence of potential toxic elements and heavy metals in the soil, a series of pollution and health risk indices were used. All the results indicated an unpolluted to moderately polluted soil. The soil samples collected from the edge of the parks presented higher values for the specific pollutants, which originated from heavy traffic, such as Cu, Cr, Zn and Pb. The non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk to children was assessed using estimated daily intake (EDI) in relation to the pathways whereby pollutants can enter the human body, such as ingestion, dermal contact, inhalation and vaporization. Using the obtained values for EDI, the hazard quotient and hazard index were determined, which strengthen the formerly issued presumption that soil pollution is moderate and, by itself, does not present any threat to children’s health.

In this paper, we propose and study an averaged Halpern-type algorithm for approximating the solution of a common fixed-point problem for a couple of nonexpansive and demicontractive mappings with a variational inequality constraint in the setting of a Hilbert space. The strong convergence of the sequence generated by the algorithm is established under feasible assumptions on the parameters involved. In particular, we also obtain the common solution of the fixed point problem for nonexpansive or demicontractive mappings and of a variational inequality problem. Our results extend and generalize various important related results in the literature that were established for two pairs of mappings: (nonexpansive, nonspreading) and (nonexpansive, strongly quasi-nonexpansive). Numerical tests to illustrate the superiority of our algorithm over the ones existing in the literature are also reported.

In this research paper, we present a novel theoretical technique, referred to as the double Tseng’s algorithm with inertial terms, for finding a common solution to two monotone inclusion problems. Developing the double Tseng’s algorithm in this manner not only comprehensively expands theoretical knowledge in this field but also provides advantages in terms of step-size parameters, which are beneficial for tuning applications and positively impact the numerical results. This new technique can be effectively applied to solve the problem of image deblurring and offers numerical advantages compared to some previously related results. By utilizing certain properties of a Lipschitz monotone operator and a maximally monotone operator, along with the identity associated with the convexity of the quadratic norm in the framework of Hilbert spaces, and by imposing some constraints on the scalar control conditions, we can achieve weak convergence to a common zero point of the sum of two monotone operators. To demonstrate the benefits and advantages of this newly proposed algorithm, we performed numerical experiments to measure the improvement in the signal–to–noise ratio (ISNR) and the structural similarity index measure (SSIM). The results of both numerical experiments (ISNR and SSIM) demonstrate that our new algorithm is more efficient and has a significant advantage over the relevant preceding algorithms.

This paper deals with the problem of finding a common solution for a fixed point problem for strictly pseudocontractive mappings and for a certain variational inequality problem. We propose a projection-type implicit averaged algorithm and establish the strong convergence of the sequences generated by this method to the common solution for the fixed point problem and the variational inequality problem. In order to illustrate the feasibility of the hypotheses and the superiority of our theoretical results over the existing literature, an example is also presented.

Moodle allows communication between students through the chat window, where you can send text messages and emoticons. A study carried out on 45 students identified which method they prefer to use to send attachments—which seems to them to be the most effective and easy to use. The challenges we started with in this implementation of the solution were the non-existence of this way of transmitting files within the Moodle platform and the need to introduce this new method, which has an impact on the communication process that is beneficial to users. When a requirement arises from users such as sending files through the chat window, a feature that does not exist now, the IT administrator has the possibility to create a new method by implementing a plugin that may be imported into the Moodle platform settings. By writing the necessary parameters, arguments, and command lines in the developed plugin, it was possible to create a new way to send files. This paper presents a new solution that contributes the possibility of transmitting files through the chat window, with various extensions such as .pdf, .zip, .docx, .jpg, .xls, .mp4, and other types and sizes of files that can be sent at any time and as many as desired, not limited by the number of uploads related to the transmission.

Gastric cancer (GC) remains a significant public health concern because of its lethality, underscoring the need for deeper insights into its molecular mechanisms. Recent studies have increasingly highlighted the role of epigenetic modifications as critical players in cancer progression. Despite their importance, research specifically addressing epigenetic factors in GC is relatively scarce. This paper seeks to bridge that gap by examining recent literature that elucidates the epigenetic landscape associated with GC. The investigation of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) has revealed their substantial involvement in gene dysregulation and epigenetic alterations within GC tumors. Notably, lncRNAs such as LINC00853 and LINC01266 have been identified as significant contributors to the epigenetic modulation of gene expression. Furthermore, the overexpression of KAT5 and GPX4 has been shown to mitigate the antiproliferative effects resulting from the depletion of circRHOT1, suggesting a complex interplay between these molecules in GC pathophysiology. Another pivotal aspect of epigenetic regulation in GC involves modifications in N6-methyladenosine (m6A), which play crucial roles in mRNA maturation processes such as splicing, export, degradation, and translation. m6A modifications are known for their influence on various cancer-related pathways, thus presenting a potential avenue for targeted interventions. Our findings indicate that the most pronounced instances of epigenetic dysregulation in GC can be traced back to the effects of long lncRNAs and alterations in m6A modification patterns. This underscores the urgent need for comprehensive investigations into these epigenetic factors, as a deeper understanding could lead to enhanced diagnostic markers and innovative therapeutic strategies. The integration of genetic and epigenetic considerations is essential for advancing the field of GC research. This synthesis of recent findings concerning epigenetic regulation offers valuable insights that could inform future studies and therapeutic developments. There is a critical need for ongoing research to elucidate the complexities of epigenetic modifications in GC, ultimately improving patient outcomes through tailored interventions.

This work proposes the comparison of two models of 3D printed hip prostheses, using microscopic and chemical analysis, but also compression and bending testing. The comparison was made using a hip prosthesis designed in the Autodesk Inventor 2020 program and a model freely available on the Internet. The work includes some details about the virtual prototyping of prostheses and results from the chemical analysis of the components of the hip prostheses, carried out using an X-ray spectrometer to identify the elements contained in the PETG (polyethylene terephthalate glycol) material that was used to obtain the samples. The second method of analysis was the microscopic one and finally the samples were subjected to external forces, through bending and compression testing. This comparison aimed to demonstrate the dependence between the shape of the prosthesis and the mechanical properties of the analysed samples.

In this article, we introduce the fundamentals of the theory of demicontractive mappings in metric spaces and expose the key concepts and tools for building a constructive approach to approximating the fixed points of demicontractive mappings in this setting. By using an appropriate geodesic averaged perturbation technique, we obtained strong convergence and $ \Delta $-convergence theorems for a Krasnoselskij-Mann type iterative algorithm to approximate the fixed points of quasi-nonexpansive mappings within the framework of CAT(0) spaces. The main results obtained in this nonlinear setting are natural extensions of the classical results from linear settings (Hilbert and Banach spaces) for both quasi-nonexpansive mappings and demicontractive mappings. We applied our results to solving an equilibrium problem in CAT(0) spaces and showed how we can approximate the equilibrium points by using our fixed point results. In this context we also provided a numerical example in the case of a demicontractive mapping that is not a quasi-nonexpansive mapping and highlighted the convergence pattern of the algorithm in Table 1. It is important to note that the numerical example is set in non-Hilbert CAT(0) spaces.

Ionising radiation from different environments (sun, celestial bodies, soil and geological substrate, etc.) influences the whole living world as a hidden factor. About 87% of the radiation dose received by humans is due to natural radiation. It is essential to assess radiation doses in order to control possible health effects from such natural sources. In this context we were interested in assessing the atmospheric radioactivity in Suceava Metropolitan Area by performing an experimental field monitoring with gamma dose monitoring, between 15 - 17 July 2021, and an analysis based on gamma dose rate measurements, global specific beta activity and radon/thoron emissions in the period (2009 - 2020) performed by the Environmental Radioactivity Monitoring Laboratory of Suceava Environmental Protection Agency. The obtained results for the external gamma dose, on hourly data show that the warning threshold of 0.250 μSvh-1 was exceeded, on cumulative annual data the external gamma dose rate was between 0.53 mSv in 2012 and 0.97 mSv in 2019, so it did not rise above the threshold of 1 mSv, the threshold from which health problems may occur. For atmospheric aerosols the warning threshold of 10 Bq m-3 was not exceeded in any case, and for atmospheric deposition (on the ground) the maximum in observations rose to 61.3 Bq m-3, less than 1/3 of the warning threshold value of 200 Bq m-3. The assessment of Radon and Thoron emissions showed a maximum of 28.4 Bq m-3, a quarter of the human health threshold of 100 Bq m-3.

The study aims to identify the morphoclinical and paraclinical elements useful in the diagnosis of FIP, given that the symptoms are sometimes uncharacteristic, varied and often similar to those of other diseases. The morphoclinical features of 32 patients diagnosed with FIP were evaluated. In 26 patients (81.25%), the predominant symptomatology was similar: intermittent fever, loss of appetite, weakness, dyspnoea and physical signs of peritoneal fluid collection. The peritoneal puncture fluid was inflammatory, with numerous large phagocytes (neutrophils and macrophages), lymphocytes and, in some cases, red blood cells. The cell blood count (CBC) showed the existence of normocytic, hypochromic and hypoplastic anaemia and the presence of an active systemic inflammatory process, confirmed by the presence of aggregated platelets and segmented and vacuolated neutrophils in the stained smear May Grunwald Giemsa (MGG). Biochemical blood examination revealed the evolution of a physiopathological syndrome of hepatocytolysis, increased tissue catabolism and haemolytic anaemia. These results confirm that FIP is usually a systemic disease with polymorphic clinical signs, and biochemical blood tests, unlike CBC, have more prognostic value and lower value for suspecting the disease. However, sometimes, lesions and associated clinical signs in a single organ predominate. Thus, in three patients (9.37%), the predominant symptomatology was hepato-digestive with hepatocellular jaundice; one patient had obvious clinical signs of renal failure, one had signs of cortical syndrome, and one patient showed periosteal lesions (granulomatous osteitis). These results indicate that some less common lesions in cats, such as osteitis granulomatous, should be included in the list of FIP lesions.

The magnetic properties of low filling factor Fe-nanoparticle monolayers separated by relatively thick Al2O3 layers were investigated in parallel and perpendicular external magnetic field. The thin film nanocomposites were prepared by sequential pulsed laser deposition on (100) Si substrates, and the monolayers contain single-domain, dispersive nanoparticles. When the magnetic field is oriented parallel to the layers, the composite exhibits superparamagnetism. However, in perpendicular field, the superferromagnetic order sets in, as revealed by the increase of the magnetic moment, the hysteresis persisting at high temperatures, and a smaller relaxation rate. The complex out of plane behavior of our nanocomposites in perpendicular field is attributed to quasi two-dimensionality and to the dispersion of the in-plane nanoparticle separation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The emergence of magnetic properties and quadratic magnetoelectric coupling in a material with outstanding ferroelectric properties has been pursued. Thus, the multiferroicity driven by the substitution of rare earth R3+ ions (R=Sm, Nd) on the A-site of PbTiO3 perovskite ceramics has been investigated. In some samples, a transition element with large ionic radius, like Fe2+, has been also added on the A site. Polycrystalline ceramic samples with composition (Pb1-3x/2-yRxFey) (Ti0.98Mn0.02)O3 (R=Sm; x=0.08, y=0.035) and (Pb1-3x/2-yRx)(Ti0.98Mn0.02)O3 (R=Nd, x=0.08) have been prepared by conventional solid state ceramic processing, starting from reagent grade oxide powders. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the obtaining of a crystalline phase with tetragonal P4mm symmetry. Transmission electron microscopy and high resolution transmission electron microscopy investigations have been carried out in order to analyze the local structure. Temperature dependence of dielectric permittivity revealed a strong anomaly at the temperature Tc of the paraelectric-ferroelectric phase transition. Transition temperature values depend on the R ion type and are lower than in pure lead titanate by 80-100K. A broad anomaly of dielectric permittivity is found below 140-180K, where magnetization also increases due to the quadratic magnetoelectric coupling between ferroelectric and magnetic states. For the (Pb0.845Sm0.08Fe0.035)(Ti0.98Mn0.02)O3 composition, the piezoelectric charge coefficient at room temperature was d31 ~-6.5 pC/N and the remanent magnetization Mr at room temperature was about 0.1 emu/g. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the contemporary era of medicine, exploring the complexity of the human body and its intricate interactions has become a central concern for health researchers. The main purpose of this article is to summarize the current understanding of relevant pathophysiological factors such as chronic inflammation, dysbiosis (microbial imbalance), and metabolic disorders, as well as etiological factors including dietary habits, lifestyle choices, obesity, metabolic syndrome, and genetic predispositions, as well as to emphasize potential avenues for upcoming studies and their medical significance. Additionally, this article aims to assess the potential impact of integrated treatment approaches on patient outcomes, emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary collaboration between gastroenterologists, dentists, and other healthcare professionals to develop comprehensive care plans that address both oral and digestive health issues simultaneously. Among the branches with a significant impact on general well-being are oral cavity health and digestive diseases, which have been the subject of intensive research in recent decades. In this context, analysis of the current state of knowledge on oral cavity disorders in relation to “modern” digestive diseases such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) becomes essential for a deeper understanding of the interconnections between oral and digestive health. The temporal overlap or succession, whether preceding or following, of oral manifestations and digestive disorders should be taken seriously by both gastroenterologists and dentists to facilitate early diagnosis and explain to patients the correlation between these two body systems. In summary, this article underscores the importance of understanding the intricate relationship between oral and digestive health, advocating for interdisciplinary approaches to improve patient outcomes and guide future research.

Researchers have performed numerous studies on immunotherapy because of the high death rate associated with gastric cancer (GC). GC immunotherapy research has made tremendous progress, and we wanted to provide an update on this topic. On the basis of this update, we suggest performing a new medical evaluation before initiating immunotherapy in patients with GC to increase the success rate of immunotherapies. We propose that before patients start GC immunotherapy, they should be evaluated and given a score of one to two points for the following factors: immunopathological features, molecular and genomic features, potential consequences for bacterial pathogens, potential immunotherapeutic resistance and hyperprogressive illness, and the potential to use biomarkers to gauge their prognosis and immunotherapy responses to optimize immunotherapy following surgery. The proposed scoring system could also help in the diagnosis of GC. With all the advances in genetics, immunology, and microbiology, the diagnosis of GC could be improved, not changed. Currently, patients diagnosed with GC undergo surgical resection as the only permanent solution. Patients who meet the maximum score from the presented proposal could be eligible immediately after diagnosis for immunotherapy. Therefore, immunotherapy could be a first-line option for clinicians.

Many studies on gastric cancer treatment have identified predictors of immunotherapy benefits. This article provides an update on the major developments in research related to predictive factors of immunotherapy for gastric cancer. We used the search term “predictive factors, immunotherapy, gastric cancer” to find the most current publications in the PubMed database related to predictive factors of immunotherapy in gastric cancer. Programmed cell death, genetic, and immunological factors are the main study topics of immunotherapy’s predictive factors in gastric cancer. Other preventive factors for immunotherapy in gastric cancer were also found, including clinical factors, tumor microenvironment factors, imaging factors, and extracellular factors. Since there is currently no effective treatment for gastric cancer, we strongly propose that these studies be prioritized.

Inflammatory acute phase proteins have been reported to play a crucial role in cancer progression. Various hematologic and inflammatory markers and scores, such as the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, systemic inflammation score (SIS), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), Glasgow prognostic score, and, more recently, the Naples prognostic score, have been reported as significant prognostic markers. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of the C reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (CAR) in patients with colon cancer. Materials and Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study on a series of patients who underwent curative surgery for colon cancer. The C reactive protein-to-albumin ratio was determined preoperatively, and we evaluated the correlations between the CAR and various clinical and pathological parameters, as well as the correlation with Overall and Relapse-free survival. Furthermore, we compared the accuracy of the CAR with that of the Naples score. Results: One hundred and ten patients were included in the study. We set 0.4927 as the cut-off value for the CAR according to a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Based on the cut-off value, patients were divided into a low CAR group and a high CAR group. The preoperative CAR exhibited statistically significant correlation with tumor volume, T and N stage, number of positive lymph nodes, and grade of tumor differentiation. We also demonstrated a positive correlation between high CAR values and a higher Naples score (p = 0.0005), even when a subgroup analysis was performed for each group individually. Conclusions: The preoperative CAR is a useful prognostic marker in patients with colon cancer. These results may help to design strategies to personalize targeted management approaches among colon cancer patients.

The effect of 800 keV Ar ion irradiation on the microstructure and composition of ZrN films grown by pulsed laser deposition technique was investigated. Grazing incidence and symmetrical X-ray diffraction showed films were nanostructured, with grain size around 13 nm and (111) textured. X-ray reflectivity investigations showed a 0.7% decrease of films density after irradiation with a fluence of 1 × 1014 cm−2 and no further decreased for a fluence of 1 × 1015 cm−2. An increase of the lattice parameter and a decrease of grain size after irradiation with a fluence of 1 × 1014 cm−2 was observed and almost no change after irradiation with a fluence of 1 × 1015 cm–2. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy investigations did not detect changes in the composition of films after irradiation. Transmission electron microscopy studies confirmed that the films were nanocrystalline, compact, with columnar crystallites without pores or voids. After irradiation, the microstructure was not affected and no other phases appeared. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our study addresses the influence of a TiO2 buffer layer on the morphological, structural, and magnetic properties of Co:TiO2 films grown on (001) SrTiO3 substrates by RF sputtering. We demonstrate that a direct correlation exist between the morphology, the Co heterogeneity, and the magnetic properties measured in the films. Correlated analysis by cross section transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray, and x-ray photoemission spectroscopy reveals that the Co is not uniformly distributed in the film but concentrated in the surface clusters. Atomic force microscopy analysis illustrates that the unbuffered films present a large density of surface clusters. These clusters are not metallic Co but Co rich TiO2 anatase phase and they are accompanied by structural defects in the film: dislocations, small angle grain boundaries. Magnetometry analysis shows that the unbuffered films have a net ferromagnetic behavior, while in the buffered ones the ferromagnetism is quenched. Therefore, we conclude that the magnetism in unbuffered samples is related to the surface clusters and seems to have an extrinsic nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent and extensive reports on the development of preparation methods that can lead to obtaining various nanostructured polymeric materials, including the preparation of nanoparticles, nano-capsules, nano-gels, nano-fibres, dendrimers and nano-composites, have been presented in the literature to provide a picture of the complexity of the field, and the diversity of approaching methods. From the data presented by various researchers, it appears that by ensuring a rigorous control of the nano-structuration of polymers and/or by adding nano-particles to the polymer matrices, improvements in structural and functional properties can be achieved in a significant number of polymer systems as a response to the continuous demands of industrial advanced sectors. Until now, most of the studies on polymer blends have been related to the control of their physical and chemical properties, their barrier properties or their electrical conductivity. This paper briefly presents various applications of resins (thermoset polymers) used to synthesize some polymer materials and blends.

The article examines lexical units derived from neological roots, especially those that form whole families of words. Following their analysis, it is demonstrated that most of these vocabulary elements require to be interpreted, from an etymological point of view, as derived words within the Romanian language, regardless of whether or not they are based on foreign derivative models.

Oxidative stress, arising from an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants, contributes significantly to oral cancer such as oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) initiation, promotion, and progression. ROS, generated both internally and externally, induce cellular damage including DNA mutations and lipid peroxidation, fostering oncogene activation and carcinogenesis. The objective of this review was to cover and analyze the interplay between ROS and antioxidants, influencing the key processes such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis, shaping the trajectory of OSCC development. Despite the promise of antioxidants to halt cancer progression and mitigate oxidative damage, their therapeutic efficacy remains debated. The conducted literature search highlighted potential biomarkers that indicate levels of oxidative stress, showing promise for the early detection and monitoring of OSCC. Furthermore, melatonin has emerged as a promising adjunct therapy for OSCC, exerting antioxidant and oncostatic effects by modulating tumor-associated neutrophils and inhibiting cancer cell survival and migration. In addition, this review aims to shed light on developing personalized therapeutic strategies for patients with OSCC such as melatonin therapy, which will be discussed. Research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and clinical implications of oxidative stress modulation in the context of oral cancer.

Monica Butnariu,1 Cristina Quispe,2 Niranjan Koirala,3,4 Sujan Khadka,5,6 Carla Marina Salgado-Castillo,7 Muhammad Akram,8 Rabia Anum,9 Balakyz Yeskaliyeva,10 Natália Cruz-Martins,11– 14 Miquel Martorell,15,16 Manoj Kumar,17 Radu Vasile Bagiu,18,19 Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis,20,21 Usman Sunusi,21,22 Ramla Muhammad Kamal,21,23 Javad Sharifi-Rad7 1Chemistry & Biochemistry Discipline, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timisoara, 300645, Calea Aradului 119, Timis, Romania; 2Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique, 1110939, Chile; 3Department of Natural Products Research, Dr. Koirala Research Institute for Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Kathmandu, 44600, Nepal; 4Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau SAR, 999078, People’s Republic of China; 5University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People’s Republic of China; 6State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry” with “State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People’s Republic of China; 7Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador; 8Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan; 9SINA Health, Education and Welfare Trust, Karachi, Pakistan; 10Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan; 11Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; 12Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; 13Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies (CESPU), Gandra PRD, 4585-116, Portugal; 14TOXRUN-Oxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, Gandra, 4585-116, Portugal; 15Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Centre for Healthy Living, University of Concepción, Concepción, 4070386, Chile; 16Universidad de Concepción, Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, UDT, Concepción, 4070386, Chile; 17Chemical and BioChemical Processing Division, ICAR – Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai, 400019, India; 18Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara Department of Microbiology, Timisoara, Romania; 19Preventive Medicine Study Center, Timisoara, Romania; 20Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; 21Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; 22Department of Biochemistry, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria; 23Department of Pharmacology, Federal University Dutse, Dutse, Jigawa State, NigeriaCorrespondence: Natália Cruz-Martins; Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis, Email ncmartins@med.up.pt; madfaizal@upm.edu.myAbstract: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, with African countries being the worst affected by this deadly virus. Curcumin (CUR) is a Curcuma longa-derived polyphenol that has attracted the attention of researchers due to its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory and antiviral effects. CUR also demonstrates anti-HIV effects by acting as a possible inhibitor of gp120 binding, integrase, protease, and topoisomerase II activities, besides also exerting a protective action against HIV-associated diseases. However, its effectiveness is limited due to its poor water solubility, rapid metabolism, and systemic elimination. Nanoformulations have been shown to be useful to enhance curcumin’s bioavailability and its effectiveness as an anti-HIV agent. In this sense, bioactive effects of CUR in HIV infection are carefully reviewed, along with the most effective isolation techniques and type of nanoformulations available.Keywords: curcumin, bioactivities, HIV therapy, nanoparticles, nanoformulations