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10. Cellphone-based devices for bioanalytical sciences

Author

Vashist, Sandeep Kumar, Mudanyali, Onur, Schneider, E Marion, Zengerle, Roland, and Ozcan, Aydogan

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Bioengineering, Detection, screening and diagnosis, 4.1 Discovery and preclinical testing of markers and technologies, Generic health relevance, Good Health and Well Being, Algorithms, Biosensing Techniques, Cell Phone, Chemistry Techniques, Analytical, Colorimetry, Diagnostic Tests, Routine, Electrochemistry, Equipment Design, Flow Cytometry, Humans, Immunoassay, Microscopy, Monitoring, Ambulatory, Surface Plasmon Resonance, Cellphone, Bioanalytical sciences, Diagnostics, Point-of-care, Digital health, Chemical Sciences, Engineering, Analytical Chemistry, Biological sciences, Chemical sciences
Abstract

During the last decade, there has been a rapidly growing trend toward the use of cellphone-based devices (CBDs) in bioanalytical sciences. For example, they have been used for digital microscopy, cytometry, read-out of immunoassays and lateral flow tests, electrochemical and surface plasmon resonance based bio-sensing, colorimetric detection and healthcare monitoring, among others. Cellphone can be considered as one of the most prospective devices for the development of next-generation point-of-care (POC) diagnostics platforms, enabling mobile healthcare delivery and personalized medicine. With more than 6.5 billion cellphone subscribers worldwide and approximately 1.6 billion new devices being sold each year, cellphone technology is also creating new business and research opportunities. Many cellphone-based devices, such as those targeted for diabetic management, weight management, monitoring of blood pressure and pulse rate, have already become commercially-available in recent years. In addition to such monitoring platforms, several other CBDs are also being introduced, targeting e.g., microscopic imaging and sensing applications for medical diagnostics using novel computational algorithms and components already embedded on cellphones. This report aims to review these recent developments in CBDs for bioanalytical sciences along with some of the challenges involved and the future opportunities.

Published
2014

18. List of Contributors

Author

Abtahi, Mohammadreza, primary, Agcayazi, Talha, additional, Akbar, Umer, additional, Antuvan, C.W, additional, Boillat, Thomas, additional, Bozkurt, Alper, additional, Burmaoglu, Serhat, additional, Cappello, L., additional, Caulfield, Brian, additional, Constant, Nicholas P., additional, Deligianni, Fani, additional, Dhinh, K.B., additional, D’Andrea, Susan E., additional, Ferguson, Peter Walker, additional, Freer, Daniel, additional, Ghosh, Tushar, additional, Gyllinsky, Joshua V., additional, Jiang, X., additional, Junata, Melisa, additional, Kedzierski, John, additional, Lim, Chwee Teck, additional, Liu, Jindong, additional, Luong, John H.T., additional, Ma, Ji, additional, Mankodiya, Kunal, additional, Maqbool, Sana, additional, Masia, L., additional, McKnight, Michael, additional, Menon, C., additional, Muhammad, Qasim, additional, Paesang, Brandon, additional, Parker, Jayson L., additional, Rivas, Homero, additional, Rosen, Jacob, additional, Shen, Yang, additional, Shi, Jingjing, additional, Slevin, Patrick, additional, Tong, Raymond Kai-Yu, additional, Trajkovik, Vladimir, additional, Tutukalo, Tatjana Loncar, additional, Varghese, Rejin John, additional, Vashist, Sandeep Kumar, additional, Victorino, M.N., additional, Wang, Jianqing, additional, Xiloyannis, M., additional, Yalcin, Haydar, additional, Yang, Guang-Zhong, additional, Yeo, Joo Chuan, additional, and Yeung, Ling-Fung, additional

Published
2018
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19. Preface

Author

Vashist, Sandeep Kumar, primary and Luong, John H.T., additional

Published
2018
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45. Development of a high sensitivity rapid sandwich ELISA procedure and its comparison with the conventional approach

Author

Dixit, Chandra Kumar, Vashist, Sandeep Kumar, O'Neill, Feidhlim T., O'Reilly, Brian, MacCraith, Brian D., and O'Kennedy, Richard

Subjects
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay -- Methods, Alpha fetoproteins -- Chemical properties, Chemistry
Abstract

A highly sensitive and rapid sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) procedure was developed for the detection of human fetuin A/AHSG ([alpha]2-HS-glycoprotein), a specific biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma and atherosclerosis. Anti-human fetuin A antibody was immobilized on aminopropyltriethoxysilane-mediated amine-functionalized microtiter plates using 1-ethyl-3-[3-dimethylaminopropyl]carbodiimide hydrochloride and N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide-based heterobifunctional cross-linking. The analytical sensitivity of the developed assay was 39 pg/mL, compared to 625 pg/ mL for the conventional assay. The generic nature of the developed procedure was demonstrated by performing human fetuin A assays on different polymeric matrixes, i.e., polystyrene, poly(methyl methacrylate), and polycyclo-olefin (Zeonex), in a modified microtiter plate format. Thus, the newly developed procedure has considerable advantages over the existing method. 10.1021/ac101339q

Published
2010

48. <em>In Vitro</em> Diagnostics for COVID-19 : State-of-the-Art, Future Directions and Role in Pandemic Response

Author

Vashist, Sandeep Kumar, Murugan, Subramanian, and Djoko, Guiffo

Subjects
Medical
Abstract

There have been tremendous advances in in vitro diagnostics (IVD) for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Although the confirmatory clinical diagnosis is made by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) based viral antigen (Ag) detection is used for mass population screening at point-of-care (POC) settings. The rapid RT-PCR tests (such as from Cepheid and Bosch) have an assay duration of less than 40 min, while most rapid Ag tests (such as Abbott’s BinaxNOW™ COVID-19 Ag card) have an assay duration of about 15 min. Of interest is the POC molecular test (ID NOW™) from Abbott that takes less than13 min. Similarly, many immunoassays (IAs), i.e., automated chemiluminescent IA (CLIA), manual ELISA, and LFIA, have been developed to detect immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM), and immunoglobulin A (IgA) produced in subjects after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Many IVD tests have been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) under emergency use authorization (EUA), and almost all IVD tests are Conformité Européenne (CE) certified.

Published
2019

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