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Background: The cost-effectiveness of interventions is a key issue owing to the limited resources of healthcare services., Objective: To conduct a systematic review of economic evaluations of technology-based healthcare interventions in care support for people with dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and their caregivers, and of the tools used to assess effectiveness and costs., Methods: The following databases were used: PubMed, National Health Service Economic Evaluation Database, and Health Technology Assessment. A total of 207 articles from 2012 to 2024 were identified and then screened., Results: Seventeen studies were included, of which nine were study protocols. Almost half (n = 8) the interventions were multicomponent. The most common components used in the interventions were cognitive stimulation, physical functioning and continuing support. Regarding the efficiency results of these interventions, only three studies provided a full economic evaluation. The most frequent tools in the economic evaluations used to measure effectiveness (measured in quality-adjusted life years) and costs were the European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions and Resource Utilization in Dementia instruments, respectively., Conclusions: Most of the interventions evaluated were cost-effective. However, these results should be interpreted with caution, given the scarcity of the literature, and further economic evaluations of technology-based healthcare interventions for people with mild dementia or MCI care support and their caregivers are therefore needed. Additionally, a meta-analysis could not be performed due to the heterogeneity of the data., Competing Interests: Declaration of conflicting interestsThe author declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Background: The evidence for the health benefits of physical activity is growing; however, the prevalence of unhealthy lifestyles continues to contribute to the increase in chronic non-communicable diseases. We know that occupational-time physical activity does not provide the same benefits as leisure-time physical activity, which has been shown to reduce mortality and pain. We also know that multiple factors influence pain; however, there are no studies that specifically analyze the impact of type of working time and occupational-time physical activity on the impairment of daily activities due to pain. We aimed to study the influence of both personal and occupational factors on the impairment of daily activities due to pain, assessing whether leisure-time physical activity acts as a protective factor. Methods : A cross-sectional, population-based design was used based on the 2017 National Health Survey in Spain (ENSE). Sociodemographic, leisure-time physical activity, and work-related variables were collected. The outcome variable was the impairment of daily activities due to pain. Ordinal logistic regression was applied, and the analysis was complemented with simple correspondence analysis. Results : A total of 1,441 workers between 18 and 65 years of age were studied. Significant differences were found between sexes for all variables except age and leisure-time physical activity. Logistic regression revealed significant associations between sex, primary and secondary education levels, no leisure-time physical activity, and overweight with impairment of daily activities due to pain. Simple correspondence analysis showed that the categories doing leisure-time physical activity several times a week as well as several times a month are closer to the categories of little or no pain. Conclusion : Female gender, low educational level, overweight, and lack of leisure-time physical activity were associated with increases in impairment of daily activities due to pain. Occupational-time physical activity and work shift were not related to impairment of daily activities due to pain. Implications for Occupational Health Practice : Occupational Health Nursing interventions through education and counseling on the importance of leisure-time physical activity promotion programs potentially can reduce the impairment of daily activities due to pain in working populations., Competing Interests: Conflict of InterestThe author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest concerning the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

The aim of this systematic literature review is to identify economic evaluations of programmes or interventions aimed at the prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of alcohol use disorders, as well as to determine those types of programmes, treatments or interventions that are efficient. The systematic literature review was conducted by searching the following databases: National Health Service Economic Evaluation Database (NHS EED), Health Technology Assessment (HTA), MEDLINE Ovid and PubMed. The search terms used were in English. No time restriction was applied. A data extraction form was used to draw information. The systematic review follows the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) on reporting systematic reviews. The interventions were classified into three categories: "A" treatments for people with alcohol use disorders (tertiary prevention); "B" treatments for people at risk for alcohol-related problems (secondary prevention); "C" policy legislation and enforcement interventions (primary prevention). Furthermore, the "A" interventions were subclassified into psychological, pharmacological and combined interventions. The review included 63 papers. In terms of treatments for people with alcohol use disorders, any psychosocial intervention compared to no intervention appeared to be a dominant strategy. In terms of treatments for people at risk of alcohol-related problems, brief intervention appears to be dominant or cost-effective when compared to no intervention. Advertising controls, tax increases, licensing, legal drinking age, and mass media campaigns seem to be dominant or cost-effective strategies compared to no intervention or random breath testing. Previous reviews have been extended by depicting alcohol programmes according to their efficiency. Despite this, the available studies in this regard have heterogeneous approaches and most do not adequately define the costs included in their analyses. Therefore, it is necessary to encourage the evaluation of the efficiency of these types of interventions to aid decision-making in public health.

Background: Binge drinking (BD) among adolescents is a public health concern worldwide. This study assessed the cost-effectiveness and cost-utility of a web-based computer-tailored intervention to prevent BD in adolescence., Methods: The sample was drawn from a study evaluating the Alerta Alcohol program. The population consisted of adolescents 15 to 19 years of age. Data were recorded at baseline (January to February 2016) and after 4 months (May to June 2017) and were used to estimate costs and health outcomes, as measured by the number of BD occasions and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). Incremental cost-effectiveness and cost-utility ratios were calculated from National Health Service (NHS) and societal perspectives and for a time horizon of 4 months. A multivariate deterministic sensitivity analysis of best/worst scenarios by subgroups was used to account for uncertainty., Results: The cost of reducing BD occasions by one per month was €16.63 from the NHS perspective, which from the societal perspective resulted in savings of €7986.37. From the societal perspective, the intervention resulted in an incremental cost of €71.05 per QALY gained from the NHS perspective and this was dominant, resulting in savings of €34,126.64 per QALY gained in comparison with the control group. Subgroup analyses showed that the intervention was dominant for girls from both the perspectives and for individuals 17 years or older from the NHS perspective., Conclusions: Computer-tailored feedback is a cost-effective way to reduce BD and increase QALYs among adolescents. However, long-term follow-up is needed to evaluate more fully changes in both BD and health-related quality of life., (© 2023 The Authors. Alcohol: Clinical & Experimental Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Research Society on Alcohol.)

This study aimed at determining the cost-effectiveness of amyloid-positron emission tomography (PET) compared to Alzheimer's disease (AD) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers (amyloid-β 42 , total-Tau and phosphorylated-Tau) for the diagnosis of AD in patients with early-onset cognitive impairment. A decision tree model using a national health care perspective was developed to compare the costs and effectiveness associated with Amyloid-PET and AD CSF biomarkers. Available evidence from the literature and primary data from Hospital Clínic de Barcelona were used to inform the model and calculate the efficiency of these diagnostic alternatives. Medical visits and diagnostic procedures were considered and reported in €2020. We calculated the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio to measure the cost per % of correct diagnoses detected and we perform one-way deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses to assess the uncertainty of these results. Compared with AD CSF biomarkers, Amyloid-PET resulted in 7.40% more correctly diagnosed cases of AD, with an incremental total mean cost of €146,854.80 per 100 cases. We found a 50% of probability that Amyloid-PET was cost-effective for a willingness to pay (WTP) of €19,840.39 per correct case detected. Using a WTP of €75,000, the probability that it is cost-effective reached a maximum of 76.9%, thus leading to a conclusion that Amyloid-PET is not a cost-effective technique compared to AD CSF biomarkers, unless the funder is willing to pay a minimum of €19,840.39 to detect one more correct case. Furthermore, obtaining CSF provides simultaneous information on amyloid β and tau biomarkers and allows other biomarkers to be analyzed at a relatively low cost., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany.)

Objective: Assess cost-effectiveness and -utility associated with posttransplant HCC surveillance compared to standard follow-up., Summary of Background Data: Despite lack of prospective clinical data, expert consensus recommends posttransplant surveillance to detect HCC recurrence in a latent phase, while it might be amenable to curative-intent therapy., Methods: A Markov-based transition model was created to estimate life expectancy and quality-of-life among liver transplant patients undergoing HCC surveillance. Models were built for 2 cohorts: 1 undergoing HCC surveillance with contrast-enhanced computed tomography of chest and abdomen and serum alpha-fetoprotein analysis and the other receiving standard posttransplant follow-up. Primary model outputs included LY and QALY gains, incremental cost-effectiveness ratio, and incremental cost-utility ratio. Willingness-to-pay for a QALY gain (cost-effectiveness threshold) was used to estimate efficiency., Results: Surveillance was marginally more effective versus no surveillance, resulting in means of 0.069 LYs and 0.026 QALYs gained. Costs for surveillance were increased by an average of 988.32€, resulting in incremental cost-effectiveness ratio 14,410.15€/LY and incremental cost-utility ratio 37,547.97€/QALY. Surveillance did not seem cost-effective in our setting, considering willingness-to-pay threshold of 25,000€/QALY. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis indicated surveillance might be cost-effective in 42% of cases, but degree of uncertainty in the analysis was high., Conclusions: Performing posttransplant HCC surveillance offers marginal clinical benefits and increases costs. Although expert consensus supports surveillance, results of this decision analysis raise doubt regarding the utility of such recommendations and support ongoing need for prospective clinical trials., Competing Interests: The remainder of the authors report no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background: The cultural differences between health professionals and patients, together with the ethnocentric opinions that some health professionals sometimes hold, generate prejudice and negatively influence the experiences of these groups, for example, the Gypsy population., Methods: We set up a quasi-experimental study to test the efficacy of an educational intervention among 40 nursing students in Spain based on the use of positive references in order to improve the students' attitude towards gypsy women receiving health care. Analysis of comparison of means and correlation analysis were carried out according to the type of variable compared., Results: The score in all the items that make up the Prejudicial Attitude Scale (PAT) decreased after the test, which demonstrated that their attitudes had become less prejudiced. The Stereotype Content Model (SCM), the perception of the outgroup and the stereotypes regarding the Roma population as "trustworthy" all improved showing a statistically significant difference between the periods (pre and post educational intervention)., Conclusion: Nursing educators have the opportunity, through theoretical and practical exposure to positive references, to explore the students' experience and perceptions, analyze interventions and change their perceptions of threat, thus contributing to a more inclusive group identity., (Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

The new infection by coronavirus has supposed a challenge to all health systems worldwide, affecting our psychosocial health. Education as we knew it has changed, which is why university students, attending Health Sciences courses in this case, have been affected by the pandemic. This study aimed to analyze the impact of the preventative measures and restrictions associated with COVID-19 on multiple mental health and psychological well-being indicators in Health Sciences students at the University of Seville. A descriptive and cross-sectional pilot study in the University of Seville by means of an online questionnaire elaborated was conducted. Of the final sample ( n = 68), more than 60% of the students acknowledged having received specific training by their university and/or health institution where they perform practices on COVID-19 measures; however, they negatively emphasized not having received psychosocial aid or support in most of the cases (94.12%). As the health situation imposed by COVID-19 is considered long-lasting, the proposal is to plan short- and long-term strategies for promotion and intervention in the mental health of students and future health care workers.

Ecuador assumed the commitment of including Palliative Care (PC) in its health policies. In 2014, the Ministry of Public Health (Ministerio de Salud Pública, MSP) approved the Clinical Practice Guide for Palliative Care ( Guía de Práctica Clínica sobre Cuidados Paliativos , GPCCP), with application at the national level, as a mandatory internal regulation in all institutions belonging to the National Health System. In 2021, there is no evidence about the degree of implementation. The objective was to evaluate the implementation (I) of the GPCCP guide and the knowledge (C) of the health personnel working in the Zone 7 Health Centers (HCs). This is a cross-sectional, descriptive, and prospective study. A total of 292 professionals were interviewed: managers (38), physicians (150), and nurses (104). Three surveys based on the GPCCP guide were elaborated: one for the implementation, which was applied to the individuals in charge, and the others to assess the health professionals' knowledge. The SPSS program was used, version 25. In the three groups, more than half of the participants had no training in PC, 91.2% of the HCs have the GPCCP guide, there is PC medical history (MH) in 38.2%, and morphine is used in 14.7%. The implementation of the GPCCP guide was inadequate in 52.9% of the cases. Only 25% treat the agony symptoms and 30%, delirium; 4.4% acknowledge the use of morphine in dyspnea, and 13.3% identify the subcutaneous route as the first choice for hydration at the end-of-life phase. Strategies to implement the GPCCP guide and to improve the health personnel's knowledge must be implemented in Zone 7 centers.

Aim: To identify and evaluate randomized clinical trials focusing on economic evaluation of workplace health promotion (WHP) interventions based on healthy lifestyles, physical activity and nutrition., Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out between March and May 2019, following the PRISMA statement., Data Sources: The literature search was conducted on Cochrane Library, Scopus, WOS and Medline databases., Review Methods: The quality appraisal included the overall risk of bias (Cochrane Collaboration tool), the quality of the evidence (GRADEpro) and the quality of the health economic analysis (QHES instrument)., Results: Of the 15 studies selected, 3 were interventions based on nutrition, 11 were focused on lifestyle and only one on physical activity. Given the heterogeneity of included studies, it was decided to do a subgroup analysis. For the weight loss (n = 5 studies), a general increase of 0.56 Kg (95% CI = 0.76, 0.84) I 2  = 99.41%, and for the Quality-adjusted Life Years achieved (n = 5 studies) a very small increase of 0.003 (95% CI = 0.002, 0.004) I 2  = 99.25%, were observed., Conclusions: The implementation of lifestyle interventions in the workplace has proven to be cost-effective for both employers and society., Impact: What problem did the study address? There are few studies aimed at evaluating the efficiency of WHP interventions. However, those that identify and assessing interventions related to lifestyle are particularly scarce, despite the evidence showing that these researchers improve the quality of care of occupational health. What were the main findings? This systematic review demonstrates the effectiveness of the WHP interventions, and in some cases, the efficiency of these interventions for both employers and society. Additional research in this area is necessary as well as the assessment of the cost-effectiveness of such interventions. Where and on whom will the research have an impact? To know the cost-benefit of different WHP interventions allows more efficient management of resources, which helps to make political and business decisions, becoming healthier and safer workplaces., (© 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Aim: To investigate the effectiveness of spiritual interventions in the workplace for different health outcomes through the use of a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials., Background: Most studies including spirituality in the workplace investigated it at the organisational/business level, while giving a secondary value to the well-being and quality of life of the workers., Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis carried out on the following databases: SCOPUS, PubMed and Web of Science. Spiritual interventions investigating work-related health outcomes were included. Then, meta-analyses were conducted., Results: From a total of 2,832 studies, 7 articles were included in the systematic review and 6 in the meta-analysis. Spiritual interventions, as compared to controls, improved the health outcomes of the workers (standard mean difference (SMD), -1.42; 95% CI, -1.98, -0.86; p < .001; I 2  = 96%). Subanalyses revealed that yoga was an effective intervention and that stress was reduced by these interventions., Conclusion: Spiritual interventions in the workplace seem to be effective in improving workers' health. Nevertheless, the high heterogeneity and limited number of studies may hinder more robust conclusions at the moment., Implications for Nursing Management: The use of spiritual interventions should be considered in workplaces in order to reduce the stress and other negative outcomes., (© 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease (ACKD) supposes a public health problem in Ecuador that requires a comprehensive approach. In view of the scarcity of studies on the subject in this country, the objective of this research was to determine the signs and symptoms associated with the patients' physical, social and psychological spheres that allow properly developing palliative care. A longitudinal, prospective and observational study was conducted with ACKD patients. In order to assess the symptomatic burden and suffering of these patients, the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System Revised: renal (ESAS-r) for renal patients and the Distress Thermometer (DT) were used. The sample consisted of a total of 246 patients. The most common symptoms that affect them, causing them suffering in their daily lives, are those related to well-being, difficulty falling asleep and itching. It is necessary that health professionals adapt care measures and help patients undergoing renal treatment, especially those who have suffered the disease for a longer period of time, in order to alleviate the patients' suffering and therefore improve their daily lives. To such an end, a care plan could be designed that includes early palliative care.

(1) Background: Gender-based violence has no geographical, personal, or social boundaries. It constitutes a serious public health problem that affects the entire society. This research aims to identify and compare the level of ambivalent sexism in Spanish and Colombian university students and its relationship with sociodemographic factors. Ambivalent sexism, developed by Glick and Fiske (1996), is considered a new type of sexism since, for the first time, it combines negative and positive feelings that give rise to hostile and benevolent sexism, maintaining the subordination of women through punishment and rewards. (2) Methods: The methodology consisted of the application of the validated Spanish version of the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (ASI) to a sample of 374 students in their final academic year of the Law program, of which 21.7% were students at the University of Santander (Bucaramanga, Colombia), 45.5% at the University Rey Juan Carlos (Madrid, Spain), and the remaining 32.9% at the University of Seville (Seville, Spain). (3) Results: A high level of ambivalent sexism is reported in Colombian students nowadays. In the two countries. there are similarities (e.g., the great weight of religion and the variation in attitudes towards sexism in people who identify themselves as women, compared to male or students consulted that prefer not to answer) and differences (e.g., absence in Colombia of gender-specific legislation, low number of students who have received gender education in Spain). (4) Conclusions: These findings may contribute to the construction of laws that take into account the particular problems of women and the development of educational programs on gender that are offered in a transversal and permanent way and that take into account cultural factors and equity between men and women as an essential element in the training of future judges who have the legal responsibility to protect those who report gender violence.

Objective: This study aimed at exploring the compassion attitudes and needs for awareness and training related to a compassionate approach for Medicine, Nursing, and Psychology students, as well as for the academic and administration personnel from the Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja (UTPL, Ecuador) Health Sciences area. Methods : A cross-sectional observational study, based on a self-administered questionnaire through a sample of 788 UPTL students. STROBE guidelines were followed and applied. Results: A positive correlation was found between life engagement and compassion for others, from others, and self-compassion. The Nursing students were those who reported having previous experiences of contact with people with an advanced disease or in an end-of-life situation and having received some type of training compared to Medicine and Psychology students and lecturers (faculty members). Differences were found on the "self-compassion" and "compassion for others" subscales, noting a higher level of compassion among Psychology students. Conclusions : To implement the philosophy of compassionate universities it is necessary to design trainings that include the students, the faculty members, and the administrative staff, centered on sensitization and training about assistance, care, and accompaniment at the end of life, as well as cultivating compassion in the workplace.

(1) Background: This study aimed to explore the symptoms, functional status, and depression in patients with chronic diseases in Loja, Ecuador. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with patients over 60 years old having at least one chronic disease and cared for in healthcare centers of the Health Ministry of Ecuador or living in associated geriatric centers. (3) Results: The sample comprised 283 patients with a mean age of 76.56 (SD 7.76) years. The most prevalent chronic diseases were chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, followed by arterial hypertension and diabetes. Patients with a joint disease had the worst scores for the majority of the symptoms assessed with the Edmonton Scale. Cancer, dementia, and arterial hypertension contributed the most to the dependence levels assessed with the Barthel Index. Dementia contributed the most to the poor performance status evaluated with the Karnofsky Performance Status. Cancer and diabetes contributed the most to depression. Patients with a higher number of chronic diseases reported worse functional status. (4) Conclusions: Targeted interventions to address symptoms, functional status, and depression in patients with chronic diseases are needed.

Background: The main aim of this study was to determine the socioeconomic and family factors associated with binge drinking (BD) in Spanish adolescents who participated in a web-based computer intervention for the prevention of binge drinking known as Alerta Alcohol., Methods: Longitudinal analyses were carried out in a sample of Andalusian adolescents aged 15 to 19 enrolled in public schools, which was part of a two-arm cluster randomized controlled trial with an intervention group (IG) who received the Alerta Alcohol programme and a control group (CG) who did not receive any active intervention. Panel count data and the following econometric procedures were used: negative binomial, a two-part model and a finite mixture model. The endogenous variable in all models was the number of BD occasions in the last 30 days. A total of 1247 subjects in the pre-intervention period, with an average age of 16.8 years, plus 612 adolescents in the follow-up period (4 months later), were included in the analysis., Results: In relation to findings, being older (≥ 17 years old), having more pocket money and higher family alcohol consumption were associated with greater BD. By contrast, subjects who completed the questionnaire on Wednesday, Thursday or Friday, further from the previous weekend, indicated a lower number of BD occasions., Conclusions: Our results suggest the need to include families, especially parents and siblings, in interventions aimed at preventing alcohol use among adolescents, given the association shown between BD and both family alcohol consumption and weekly pocket money or availability of money to adolescents. Given the findings with regard to age, future research aimed at intervening in early adolescence to prevent BD would be justified., Trial Registration: (ClinicalTrials.gov): NCT03288896. Registration date: September 20, 2017. "Retrospectively registered".

Aim: To present a comparison between the effects on health due to a reduction in binge drinking (BD) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL), as a result of ALERTA ALCOHOL, an intervention aimed at reducing BD in Spanish adolescents., Methods: A two-arm cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted with an intervention and a control group, randomized at the school level, following individuals over four months. The study population consisted of Andalusian adolescents aged 15 to 19 years who were enrolled in urban public high schools (n = 1247). Participants were assigned randomly to receive the intervention. The main outcomes studied were the number of occasions of BD in the last 30 days, which was directly obtained from the answers given by the adolescents, and HRQoL measured with the EQ-5D-5 L questionnaire. The model of estimation was the generalized estimating equations (GEE) approach., Results: The program showed a BD reduction at the 4-month follow-up, although it was not shown to significantly increase the HRQoL in adolescents who reduced the number of occasions of BD and had received the intervention. However, it was shown that those who would predictably reduce the number of occasions of BD controlled by several sociodemographic variables perceived a higher HRQoL, as did those who had a greater adherence to the program., Conclusions: Higher adherence to a web-based computer-tailored intervention to prevent BD in adolescents has a positive effect on decreasing the number of occasions of BD in adolescents as well as on increasing participants' HRQoL, although this second effect is very small, which could be due to the short follow-up time. This fact is quite important and should be assessed extensively to corroborate the results and translate into health policy., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Objective: To know the variables present in primary and secondary school students who do not smoke or intend to smoke from a positive health model., Methods: Cross-sectional study with 482 students from Andalusia and Catalonia using a validated questionnaire (ESFA and PASE project). Binary logistic regression analysis was performed., Results: Those who did not intend to smoke viewed smoking unfavourably and had high self-efficacy (p <0.001). In non-consumers, the most associated variables were attitude, social model (p <0.001), and self-efficacy (p =0.005)., Conclusions: The results show motivational factors present in students who do not smoke and do not intend to do so. Attitude and self-efficacy are strongly associated with intention and behaviour. This information might be useful for developing positive health promotion strategies from a salutogenesis approach., (Copyright © 2018 SESPAS. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Objective: To determine quality of life (QoL) and its relationship to lifestyles in adolescents in high schools., Methods: Cross-sectional, observational study with 256 students aged 12 to 17 in Seville (Spain). Multiple linear regression models were tested (p <0.05)., Results: The boys had higher scores in most of the QoL areas. The female gender was inversely related to physical, psychological, familial QoL areas and the general QoL index. Family functionality and performing physical activity were the factors most associated with better QoL in all areas. All multivariate models were statistically significant and explained from 11% of social QoL variability to 35% of the general QoL index., Conclusions: The findings could be useful for developing interventions to promote health in schools, with the objective of promoting healthy lifestyles and QoL., (Copyright © 2016 SESPAS. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Background: The aim of this study was to validate five scales, based on a theoretical framework for the adoption of behaviours, designed to assess the determinants in binge drinking in adolescents, namely: attitude, social influence (model, norm and pressure) and self-efficacy., Methods: Observational, cross-sectional and multicentre study. Through convenience sampling, 397 adolescents between 15 to 18 years old enrolled in secondary schools in Seville and Huelva were included. After translation and review of the original instrument by a panel of experts, a questionnaire was obtained in Spanish that was administered to a pilot sample to assess comprehensibility and, subsequently, the participants completed the five scales to check the structural validity (factor analysis and reliability) and construct validity., Results: On the five scales, the first factor explained at least 28% of the variance and the total variance explained was always greater than 60%. After rotation, all items had weights >0.40 for the factor to which they belonged. Cronbach´s alpha ranged from 0.62 to 0.91. Spearman's coefficient was lower than 0.7 when correlating the sub-dimensions of the scales, except on the self-efficacy scale, assuming multidimensionality with certain limitations., Conclusions: Five scales are presented with indications of reliability and validity, their items reflect the theoretical frame of reference and can evaluate the determinants of binge drinking. In the future, validation could be continued to determine its reproducibility, its criterion validity with a "gold standard" or objective measure. Key words. Adolescents. Health behaviour. Binge drinking., Risk Factors: Validation studies.