200 results on '"Varenina, Ivana"'
Search Results
2. Determination of quinolones, macrolides, sulfonamides and tetracyclines in honey using QuEChERS sample preparation and UHPLC-MS/MS analysis
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Varenina, Ivana, Bilandžić, Nina, Luburić, Đurđica Božić, Kolanović, Božica Solomun, Varga, Ines, Sedak, Marija, and Đokić, Maja
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- 2023
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3. Mineral Concentrations in Different Types of Honey Originating from Three Regions of Continental Croatia.
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Tlak Gajger, Ivana, Pavliček, Damir, Oreščanin, Višnja, Varenina, Ivana, Sedak, Marija, and Bilandžić, Nina
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PERSISTENT pollutants ,ENVIRONMENTAL indicators ,COPPER ,ENVIRONMENTAL quality ,HONEY ,TRACE elements - Abstract
Honey has been recognized as a reliable indicator of environmental quality because of honeybees' intense foraging activity, which brings them into contact with many persistent organic pollutants around the hive. In this study, four types of honey (meadow, acacia, chestnut, and honey in comb) collected at three different locations were analyzed for Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn levels. The highest levels of Fe and Cu in chestnut honey, Co and Zn in meadow honey, and Pb in honey in comb were observed in Varaždin County. The lowest levels of Pb in meadow honey and Co in comb honey were found from apiaries in Sisak-Moslavina County. Significant differences in the mean concentrations of Cr, Cu, Mn, and Fe were observed among the four honey types. Conversely, no significant differences in Co, Pb, and Zn levels were found. Most of the significant differences between the elements are related to chestnut honey. While sampling location (Fe) and type of honey (Pb), or both (Cr and Zn), significantly influenced the concentrations of some elements, these factors were found to be irrelevant for Mn, Co, and Cu. The results showed varying degrees of similarities and differences in mineral levels in honey samples, depending on floral and geographical origin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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4. Pesticides and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Milk and Dairy Products in Croatia: A Health Risk Assessment
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Đokić, Maja, primary, Nekić, Tamara, additional, Varenina, Ivana, additional, Varga, Ines, additional, Solomun Kolanović, Božica, additional, Sedak, Marija, additional, Čalopek, Bruno, additional, Vratarić, Darija, additional, and Bilandžić, Nina, additional
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- 2024
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5. High resolution mass spectrometry method for the determination of 13 antibiotic groups in bovine, swine, poultry and fish meat: An effective screening and confirmation analysis approach for routine laboratories
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Varenina, Ivana, Bilandžić, Nina, Luburić, Đurđica Božić, Kolanović, Božica Solomun, and Varga, Ines
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- 2021
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6. Dietary exposure of the adult Croatian population to meat, liver and meat products from the Croatian market: Health risk assessment
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Bilandžić, Nina, Sedak, Marija, Čalopek, Bruno, Đokić, Maja, Varenina, Ivana, Kolanović, Božica Solomun, Luburić, Đurđica Božić, Varga, Ines, and Hruškar, Mirjana
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- 2021
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7. Qualitative detection of species adulteration in commercial meat products using a validated ELISA method
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Solomun Kolanović, Božica, primary, Varga, Ines, additional, Božić Luburić, Đurđica, additional, Varenina, Ivana, additional, Bilandžić, Nina, additional, and Đokić, Maja, additional
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- 2023
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8. Essential and toxic element concentrations in monofloral honeys from southern Croatia
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Bilandžić, Nina, Tlak Gajger, Ivana, Kosanović, Marina, Čalopek, Bruno, Sedak, Marija, Solomun Kolanović, Božica, Varenina, Ivana, Luburić, Đurđica Božić, Varga, Ines, and Đokić, Maja
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- 2017
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9. Distribution of Pesticides and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Food of Animal Origin in Croatia.
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Đokić, Maja, Nekić, Tamara, Varenina, Ivana, Varga, Ines, Solomun Kolanović, Božica, Sedak, Marija, Čalopek, Bruno, Kmetič, Ivana, Murati, Teuta, Vratarić, Darija, and Bilandžić, Nina
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PORK products ,FOOD of animal origin ,HEALTH risk assessment ,PESTICIDES ,FENITROTHION ,POLLUTANTS ,PERSISTENT pollutants ,ORGANOCHLORINE pesticides ,POLYCHLORINATED biphenyls - Abstract
Pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent environmental pollutants. When entering the food chain, they can represent a public health problem due to their negative effects on health. In this study, concentrations of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), organophosphate pesticides (OPPs), pyrethroids, carbamates, and PCBs—a total 73 compounds—were determined in a total of 2268 samples of fat tissues (beef, pork, sheep, goat, poultry, game, horse, rabbit) and processed fat, meat, and processed meat products collected in Croatia during an 8-year period. In fatty tissues, 787 results exceeded the limits of quantification (LOQ): 16 OCPs, eight OPPs, six pyrethroids, one carbamate, and seven PCBs. The most positive results in fat samples were found for OCPs, with a frequency of quantification in the range of 57.5–87.5%. Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) were quantified in the highest percentages, in the ranges of 5.5–66.7% and 5.4–55.8%. Concentrations above the MRL values were determined for chlorpyrifos in pork fat and for resmethrin in six fat samples and one pâté. In 984 samples of meat and meat products, only 62 results exceeded the LOQ values. The highest frequency of quantification was determined for OCPs (25 samples), of which 40% were DDT isomers (60% DDE). Frequency quantifications of PCBs in fat samples were between 7.23 and 36.7%. An evaluation of the health risk assessment showed that the consumption of fat, meat, and meat products does not pose a threat to consumer health, since all EDI values were well below the respective toxicological reference values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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10. Residue Analysis of Nitrofuran Metabolites in Five Food Commodities from Croatia Using Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry
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Varga, Ines, primary, Luburić, Đurđica Božić, additional, Varenina, Ivana, additional, Kolanović, Božica Solomun, additional, Čalopek, Bruno, additional, Sedak, Marija, additional, Vratarić, Darija, additional, Bilandžić, Nina, additional, and Đokić, Maja, additional
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- 2023
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11. Distribution of sulfamonomethoxine and trimethoprim in egg yolk and white
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Bilandžić, Nina, Božić, Đurđica, Kolanović, Božica Solomun, Varenina, Ivana, Cvetnić, Luka, and Cvetnić, Željko
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- 2015
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12. Differences in macro- and microelement contents in milk and yoghurt
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Bilandžić Nina, Sedak Marija, Đokić Maja, Božić Đurđica, Solomun-Kolanović Božica, and Varenina Ivana
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yoghurt ,milk ,dairy products ,macroelements ,microelements ,ICP-OES ,Croatia ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of macroelements (Ca, Na, K, Mg) and essential elements (Zn, Fe, Se, Cu) in milk and yoghurt collected from the Croatian market. Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry was used as an analytical technique. Mean concentrations measured in milk and yoghurt were (mg/kg): Ca 1406.9 and 1153.8, K 1995.5 and 1526.5, Na 608.3 and 519.2, Mg 136.4 and 108.0, Zn 3.92 and 3.48, Fe 0.332 and 0.231, Cu 0.005 and 0.124. Significantly higher concentrations of Ca, K, Na and Cu (p
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- 2015
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13. Lead Concentrations in Raw Cow and Goat Milk Collected in Rural Areas of Croatia from 2010 to 2014
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Bilandžić, Nina, Sedak, Marija, Čalopek, Bruno, Luburić, Đurđica Božić, Solomun Kolanović, Božica, Varenina, Ivana, Đokić, Maja, Kmetič, Ivana, and Murati, Teuta
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- 2016
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14. Seasonal Occurrence of Aflatoxin M1 in Raw Milk during a Five-Year Period in Croatia: Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment
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Bilandžić, Nina, primary, Varga, Ines, additional, Varenina, Ivana, additional, Solomun Kolanović, Božica, additional, Božić Luburić, Đurđica, additional, Đokić, Maja, additional, Sedak, Marija, additional, Cvetnić, Luka, additional, and Cvetnić, Željko, additional
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- 2022
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15. High resolution mass spectrometry method for the determination of 13 antibiotic groups in bovine, swine, poultry and fish meat: An effective screening and confirmation analysis approach for routine laboratories
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Varenina, Ivana, primary, Bilandžić, Nina, additional, Luburić, Đurđica Božić, additional, Kolanović, Božica Solomun, additional, and Varga, Ines, additional
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- 2022
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16. Determination of quinolones, macrolides, sulfonamides and tetracyclines in honey- QUECHERS sample preparation and UHPLC-MS/MS analysis
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Varenina, Ivana, Bilandžić, Nina, Varga, Ines, Solomun Kolanović, Božica, Božić Luburić, Đurđica, and van Ginkel, Leendert A.
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antibiotics ,honey ,QUECHERS ,UHPLC-MS/MS ,food safety - Abstract
Monitoring the health of the beehive and timely prevention of any possible infection with various bacteria, mould, viruses or parasites is exceptionally important in beekeeping. Antibiotics may be found in honey originating from the environment and resulting from improper beekeeping practices. Enabling the detection of antibiotic residues in honey and suppressing the development of antibiotic resistance, require the development of a sensitive multi-class method for the determination of antibiotics. For the purpose of analysing honey, a screening and confirmatory method for the determination of 36 antibiotics was developed. The QUECHERS procedure and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was selected to achieve high sensitivity and selectivity. Validation according to the new Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2021/808 included following performance characteristics: selectivity, trueness, precision, decision limit (CCα), detection capability (CCβ) and relative matrix effect. The method was validated in the measurement range from 1 to 20 μg/kg, where maximum trueness and acceptable coefficients of variation were achieved. For unauthorized pharmacologically active substances, the CCα was determined, ranging from 0.16 μg/kg for sulfaquinoxaline to 3.67 μg/kg for difloxacin. The high matrix influence of floral and chestnut honey indicated the need for quantitative analysis by using the matrix calibration curve.
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- 2022
17. Pojava aflatoksina M1 u mlijeku tijekom 2020. i 2021
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Bilandžić, Nina, Solomun Kolanović, Božica, Varenina, Ivana, Božić Luburić, Đurđica, Varga, Ines, Cvetnić, Luka, Jaki Tkalec, Vesna, Cvetnić, Željko, and Barukčić, I. et al.
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aflatoksin M1, mlijeko, krava, godišnja doba, sigurnost hrane, Hrvatska - Abstract
Iako je Hrvatska u umjerenom klimatskom pojasu, ekstremni vremenski uvjeti zabilježeni su u zadnjem desetljeću, posebice 2013. godine, utjecali su na razvoj toksigenih plijesni i kontaminaciju kukuruza aflatoksinom B1 (AFB1) te doveli do visokih koncentracija aflatoksina M1 (AFM1) u mlijeku. Takvi rezultati utjecali su na potrebu konstantne kontrole AFM1 u mlijeku. Ovo istraživanje pratilo je koncentracije AFM1 u mlijeku sa farmi krava Hrvatske tijekom godišnjih doba 2020. i 2021. Koncentracije AFM1 određivane su primjenom validiranog i akreditiranog ELISA testa. U slučaju kada je utvrđena koncentracija premašivala najvišu dopuštenu količinu (NDK) od 50 ng/kg određenu u Europskoj Uniji, provedena je potvrdna analiza primjenom UHPLC-MS/MS. Ukupno je analizirano 1 643 uzoraka od kojih je 95, 3% imalo koncentracije AFM1 ispod granice detekcije ELISA testa (22, 2 ng/kg). Nadalje, u 2, 01% uzoraka utvrđene koncentracije su se kretale u rasponu 22, 2 do 49, 9 ng/kg. U svega 2, 68% (44 uzorka) koncentracije su bile veće od NDK. Najveća frekvecija pojave AFM1 utvrđena je u zimskim i jesenskim mjesecima odnosno u zimi 2020. (7, 2%) te jeseni 2021. (4, 32%). Najviša srednja vrijednost pozitivnih koncentracija od 387, 8 ng/kg određena je u jesen 2021. Pojava AFM1 u prikazane dvije godine je znatno manja u odnosu na krizni period 2013.-2014. Posljedica je to značajnih poboljšanja u postupcima skladištenja i držanja žitarica za goveda, odnosno povećanih kontrola sadžaja AFB1 u hrani odnosno AFM1 u mlijeku.
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- 2022
18. Determination of trace elements in Croatian floral honey originating from different regions
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Bilandžić, Nina, Đokić, Maja, Sedak, Marija, Kolanović, Božica Solomun, Varenina, Ivana, Končurat, Ana, and Rudan, Nevenka
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- 2011
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19. The analysis of acidic and basic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in milk and muscle samples: a comprehensive analytical approach using UHPLC-MS/MS
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Božić Luburić, Đurđica, primary, Bilandžić, Nina, additional, Varenina, Ivana, additional, Varga, Ines, additional, Solomun Kolanović, Božica, additional, Vratarić, Darija, additional, and Radojčić Redovniković, Ivana, additional
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- 2021
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20. Chloramphenicol Residues in Muscle of Rainbow Trout Following Two Different Dose Treatments
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Bilandžić, Nina, Tanković, Sanin, Varenina, Ivana, Kolanović, Božica Solomun, and Smajlović, Muhamed
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- 2012
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21. Lead Content in Multifloral Honey from Central Croatia over a Three-Year Period
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Bilandžić, Nina, Sedak, Marija, Đokić, Maja, Kolanović, Božica Solomun, Varenina, Ivana, Božić, Đurđica, Šimić, Branimir, Končurat, Ana, and Brstilo, Mate
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- 2012
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22. Concentrations of Trace Elements in Tissues of Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) and Stone Marten (Martes foina) from Suburban and Rural Areas in Croatia
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Bilandžić, Nina, Dežđek, Danko, Sedak, Marija, Đokić, Maja, Solomun, Božica, Varenina, Ivana, Knežević, Zorka, and Slavica, Alen
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- 2010
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23. Difference in pesticides, trace metal(loid)s and drug residues between certified organic and conventional honeys from Croatia
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Lazarus, Maja, primary, Tariba Lovaković, Blanka, additional, Orct, Tatjana, additional, Sekovanić, Ankica, additional, Bilandžić, Nina, additional, Đokić, Maja, additional, Solomun Kolanović, Božica, additional, Varenina, Ivana, additional, Jurič, Andreja, additional, Denžić Lugomer, Marija, additional, and Bubalo, Dragan, additional
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- 2021
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24. Sedativi u veterinarskoj medicini i njihovo određivanje
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Puntarić, Ada, primary, Božić Luburić, Đurđica, additional, Varenina, Ivana, additional, Bilandžić, Nina, additional, Krpan, Marina, additional, and Hruškar, Mirjana, additional
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- 2021
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25. Evaluation of Element Concentrations in Beef and Pork Meat Cuts Available to the Population in the Croatian Capital
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Bilandžić, Nina, primary, Sedak, Marija, additional, Čalopek, Bruno, additional, Đokić, Maja, additional, Varenina, Ivana, additional, Solomun Kolanović, Božica, additional, Božić Luburić, Đurđica, additional, Varga, Ines, additional, and Roncarati, Alessandra, additional
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- 2020
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26. Kontaminacija mliječnih proizvoda aflatoksinom M1
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Varga, Ines, primary, Solomun Kolanović, Božica, additional, Varenina, Ivana, additional, Božić Luburić, Đurđica, additional, and Bilandžić, Nina, additional
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- 2020
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27. Praćenje farmakološki aktivnih tvari u mlijeku u Europskoj uniji
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Bilandžić, Nina, primary, Varga, Ines, additional, Božić Luburić, Đurđica, additional, Solomun Kolanović, Božica, additional, and Varenina, Ivana, additional
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- 2020
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28. The analysis of acidic and basic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in milk and muscle samples: a comprehensive analytical approach using UHPLC-MS/MS.
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Božić Luburić, Đurđica, Bilandžić, Nina, Varenina, Ivana, Varga, Ines, Solomun Kolanović, Božica, Vratarić, Darija, and Radojčić Redovniković, Ivana
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ANTI-inflammatory agents ,LIQUID chromatography-mass spectrometry ,MAMMARY glands ,MATRIX effect ,FOOD of animal origin ,SALICYLIC acid - Abstract
In animal husbandry for food production, the administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic agents, has seen an increase due to raised awareness of animal welfare issues. Residues of NSAIDs may be present in animal products that are intended for human consumption, and since some may pose a certain risk to human health, there is a need to monitor NSAID residues at low levels via routine and targeted surveillance. In analytical chemistry, NSAIDs are usually differentiated using their acid-base properties. Within this study, a method for simultaneous analysis of 27 NSAIDs, including both groups, in milk and muscle samples in 12.5 min is described. Sample processing consisted of enzymatic hydrolysis and acetonitrile extraction, followed by a clean-up of the extract by SPE, and measurement by UHPLC-MS/MS. The in-house validation study (alternative approach), covering trueness, precision, sensitivity, decision limit (CCα), detection capability (CCβ) and matrix effect, was designed and evaluated with the help of validation software to meet the demands of regulatory compliance. The method recovery for milk and muscle matrix was in the range of 98.1% to 106.5% and 98.8% to 102.7%, whereas the CCβ as the parameter for screening analysis, ranged from 0.07 to 46.7 µg/kg and 1.19 to 69.7 µg/kg, and the CCα, as the parameter for confirmatory analysis, from 0.11 to 56.7 µg/kg and 1.12 to 518.6 µg/kg, respectively. The occurrence of NSAID residues in milk and muscle samples was assessed using the developed method within the Croatian National Residue Control Plan, revealing quantifiable residues for diclofenac, ketoprofen, and salicylic acid mostly in milk samples. The most abundant NSAID in analysed samples was salicylic acid, which may be introduced into the food chain and be present in various types of matrices due to its natural occurrence in plants as a phytohormone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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29. Control of aflatoxin m1 in raw cow milk
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Bilandžić, Nina, Varenina, Ivana, Solomun Kolanović, Božica, Božić Luburić, Đurđica, Varga, Ines, Cvetnić, Luka, Cvetnić, Željko, and Nedić, Drago N.
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food and beverages ,aflatoxin M1, milk, cow, food safety, ELISA, Croatia - Abstract
In the last decade incidence of the presence of mycotoxin aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in milk and dairy products has been reported in different countries in Europe. AFM1 is the metabolite of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) which is secreted in milk, after feeding dairy cattle with AFB1 contaminated corn and silage. Although the climate in Europe is moderate and is not initially known for the occurrence of elevated aflatoxin levels, in extremely hot summer and long periods of drought without rain, contamination with toxigenic moulds can occur and consequently aflatoxins synthesis. IARC classified AFM1 as a Group 1 carcinogen according to evidence of direct carcinogenic effects of AFM1 and data on the genetic and related effects of AFM1 in humans. Also, AFM1 is thermostable compound and cannot be inactivated by the production methods and heat treatment processes. Therefore, continuous control of AFM1 levels in milk is required. In this study concentration of AFM1 was measured in total of 454 raw cow milk samples collected in different regions of Croatia during the period September to December of 2018. AFM1 concentrations were measured by a competitive enzyme immunoassay kit ELISA validated according to the Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of 22.2 ng/kg and 34.2 ng/kg were determined. AFM1 concentrations were measured within the range from 2.09 to 95.1 ng/kg and mean value was 9.03 ng/kg. Only 4% of samples were with values higher than LOD but lower than the maximal residue level (MRL) of 50 ng/kg determined by European Union (EU). For thirteenth milk samples (2.9%) AFM1 concentrations exceeded the EU MRL and the highest level of 95.1 ng/kg was found in milk from the central region. Results suggested further systematic control of AFM1 in milk for prevention and reduction the potential toxic health risks of AFM1 for consumers.
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- 2019
30. Macro- and microelement contents in sterilized milk of different manufacturers from Croatia and EU
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Bilandžić, Nina, Sedak, Marija, Čalopek, Bruno, Đokić, Maja, Solomun Kolanović, Božica, Varenina, Ivana, Božić Luburić, Đurđica, and Varga, Ines
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sterilized milk, macroelements, microelements, ICP-MS, Croatia, EU - Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in macro- (Ca, Na, Mg) and microelement (Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Se, Zn) concentrations in processed cow milk samples. Sterilized UHT milk with 2.8% milk fat produced by five different milk producers in Croatia and one milk producer in the European Union (EU) were randomly purchased from large marketplaces in the Croatian capital, Zagreb. Element concentrations were analysed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Mean element concentrations were in the range (mg/kg): Ca 1111–1285, Na 361.1–453.3, Mg 101.2–113.7, Zn 3.85–4.33 ; (µg/kg): Fe 180.7–269.1, Cu 36.2–45.1, Mo 33.3–47.7, Mn 22.9–31.1, Se 14.7–26.4, Cr 1.91–5.24, Co 0.19–0.32. Significant differences in the content of Ca, Cr, Na, Mn, Mo, Se and Zn were determined between milk samples of different producers. There were no significant differences in the concentrations of Cu or Co. Milk of Croatian producers showed significant differences in Mg, Fe, Mo, Mn, Se and Cr levels compared to milk from the EU producer. The highest concentrations of Fe, Cr and Co were found in the EU milk. Given the importance and frequency of use of processed cow's milk as a foodstuff, the measurement of macro- and microelement contents plays an important role in the evaluation of its nutritional value.
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- 2019
31. Control of levamisole residues in milk using a validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method
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Bilandžić, Nina, Božić Luburić, Đurđica, Solomun Kolanović, Božica, Varenina, Ivana, and Varga, Ines
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lcsh:Dairying ,levamisole ,anthelmintic ,milk ,validation ,LC-MS/MS ,lcsh:SF221-250 - Abstract
Concentrations of the anthelmintic agent levamisole were measured in a total of 85 raw cow milk samples collected during 2014 from dairy farms throughout Croatia. The liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method used for levamisole quantification was validated according to the criteria set by Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. The following validation parameters were determined: limit of decision (CCα) 0.55 μg kg-1, detection of capability (CCβ) 0.59 μg kg-1, limit of detection (LOD) 0.06 μg kg-1, limit of quantification (LOQ) 0.22 μg kg-1, precision and accuracy (expressed as recovery) 97.3–100%, intra-laboratory reproducibility (RSD) 4.2-5.6%. Levamisole levels for 45 of the total of 85 samples were below the LOD value (0.06 µg kg-1). In the remaining 40 milk samples, levamisole was measured in the range from 0.061 to 0.142 µg kg-1 and the mean value was 0.092 µg kg-1. Accordingly, all concentrations analysed were below the LOQ value (0.22 µg kg-1) and limit of decision (CCα) of the method used.
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- 2016
32. Validation of a multiclass method for the screening and confirmation of 12 antimicrobial groups in muscle
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Varenina, Ivana, Bilandžić, Nina, Solomun Kolanović, Božica, Božić Luburić, Đurđica, Varga Ines, and ILVO, Ghent
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antimicrobal drugs ,multiclass method ,validation ,LC-HRMS - Abstract
A multiclass method for the screening and confirmation of residues from 12 different drug families has been devoleped. According to CD 2002/657/EC a LC-HRMS method was validated in different muscle species. Acetonitrile was used for extraction, followed by shaking, centrifugation and extract evaportaion. Samples were redissolved in methanol/water mixture (1+4) and centrifuged at 15000 rpm. Optimal chromatography parameters were achieved on a Acquity UPLC HSS-T3 column (1.8 um, 2.1x150 mm) with gradient starting from 100% of 0.1% formic acid to 95% of methanol. Time Of Flight mass spectrometry was used in MS mode collecting all ions uder defined collission energies. Results were obtained using personal database created by targeted scanninig of each analyte. Main criterias used for identification were mass accuracy (ppm), isotopic pattern, fragment confirmation and retention time. 96 samples were analysed at concentration range of interest, in three different days and different coniditions. Calculation of validation parameters were carried out using InterVal Plus software. Precision and trueness were satisfactory for all analytes, what resulted with acceptable CCα and CCβ values. Significant ion supression and ion enhancement was observed in diferent animal species. The validation results demonstrate that the method is suitable for veterinary drug analysis and confirmation of suspect samples.
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- 2018
33. Ostaci sulfonamida u mesu i mesnim proizvodima tijekom trogodišnjeg razdoblja
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Bilandžić, Nina, Vrkljan, Petra, Solomun Kolanović, Božica, Varenina, Ivana, Varga, Ines, Krpan, Marina, and Hruškar, Mirjana
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sigurnost hrane, sulfonamidi, meso, mesni proizvodi, ELISA, validacija - Abstract
Primjena antibiotika odnosno sulfonamida u liječenju različitih bolesti životinja koje se koriste za prehranu ljudi može dovesti do pojave njihovih ostataka u tkivima, te mogu završiti i u mesnim proizvodima. Iz tih razloga je važno praćenje ostataka u hrani životinjskog podrijetla. U ovome istraživanju mjerena je koncentracija sulfonamida u uzorcima mesa i mesnih proizvoda primjenom ELISA metode koja je validirana prema kriterijima Odluke Komisije 2002/657/EC. Utvrđeni su sljedeći validacijski parametri za meso i proizvode: sposobnosti dokazivanja CCβ 60, 0 i 11, 0 µg/kg ; iskorištenje 80, 2 i 66, 9 % ; koeficijent varijacije 17, 4 i 18, 6 % ; granice detekcije LOD 2, 9 i 0, 63 µg/kg ; granice kvantifikacije LOQ 5, 7 i 2, 87 µg/kg. Validacijom je potvrđeno da je primjenjivana metoda prikladna za svoju namjenu kvantifikacije sulfonamida u mesu i proizvodima. U ovome istraživanju sakupljani su uzorci svinjskog i goveđeg mesa te mesnih proizvoda (naresci, kobasice, šunke, paštete) u periodu od 2015. do 2017. godine. U ukupno 535 analiziranih uzoraka, sulfonamidi su određeni u rasponu od 0, 32 do 38, 9 μg/kg. Nije utvrđen niti jedan rezultat s vrijednostima višim od najviše dopuštene koncentracije (NDK) od 100 μg/kg. Najviša koncentracija od 38, 9 μg/kg izmjerena je u uzorku svinjskog mesa u 2015. godini. Ukupne srednje vrijednosti koncentracija sulfonamida u mesu su određene iznad LOD vrijednosti samo u 2015., dok su za mesne proizvode određene u rasponu 1, 45 do 2, 06 µg/kg. Europska agencija za sigurnost hrane je u izvještajima načinjenim na osnovu nacionalnih planova praćenja ostataka sulfonamida članica EU objavila da je u razdoblju od 2013. do 2015. godine u ukupno 235 uzoraka hrane životinjskog podrijetla utvrđena koncentracija sulfonamida iznad NDK vrijednosti. Nesukladni uzorci prijavljeni su tijekom te tri godine u ukupno 50, 48 i 31 mesa goveda i svinja. U 2014. godini u Hrvatskoj je utvrđen nesukladni uzorak mesa goveda na sulfadiazin. Najveći broj nesukladnih koncentracija u mesu goveda i svinja određen je za sulfonamide: sulfadiazin 48, sulfadimetoksin 25, sulfametazin 17, sulfadimidin 8, sulfadoksin 6, sulfamerazin 4, sulfatiazol 4. Ukupno gledajući sulfadiazin je sulfonamid za koji je utvrđeno ukupno najveći broj od 185 nesukladnih rezultata tijekom peroda 2013. - 2015. Članice EU koriste centralni sustav brzog uzbunjivanja za hranu i hranu za životinje RASFF za evidentiranje nesukladnih rezultata proizvoda svih veterinarskih lijekova. U razdoblju od 2010. do 2017. godine prijavljeno je ukupno 18 uzoraka mesa (61, 1 % svinjetine) i 2 mesna proizvoda sa nesukladnim koncentracijama sulfonamida. Najviše određene koncetracije su 550 µg/kg sulfadiazina i 652 µg/kg sulfadimetoksina. Utvrđeni rezultati određivanja sulfonamida u mesu i mesnim proizvodima u ovome istraživanju pokazuju da nema bojazni od izlaganja potrošača povišenim koncentracijama sulfonamida jer su zapravo jedva mjerljivi. Međutim, rezultati na razini EU ukazuju na opravdanost stalne kontrole u ovim vrstama hrane životinjskog podrijetla.
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- 2018
34. Determination of aflatoxin M1 in milk using highperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
- Author
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Varga, Ines, Bilandžić, Nina, Varenina, Ivana, Božić Luburić, Đurđica, Solomun Kolanović, Božica, Ašperger, D., and Ukić, Š.
- Subjects
mycotoxins ,aflatoxin M1 ,HPLC-MS/MS ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,food and beverages ,heterocyclic compounds - Abstract
Growth of mold on cereal grains may result in the formation of secondary metabolites – mycotoxins. [1] Mycotoxins may occur during any stage of production and transformation into a food product. They can be produced in plants infected in the field, during harvesting, storage and transport, technological transformation and food preparation. [2] Aflatoxins are one of the most significant and most serious causes of mycotoxicosis in humans and animals. [1] They are primarily produced by two species of Aspergillus fungus (A. flavus and A. parasiticus). A. flavus produces B aflatoxins and A. parasiticus produces B and G aflatoxins. [3] Aflatoxins are extremely toxic, mutagenic, teratogenic and carcinogenic compounds. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the most carcinogen aflatoxin. [2] Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a hydroxylated product of AFB1 and it is found in animal and human breast milk. [1] AFM1 is a relatively stable compound in raw and processed milk. Since it can't be eliminated by pasteurization it represents a serious health concern. [2] In this study the method for determination AFM1 in milk samples has been validated according to the Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. The samples were defatted and passed through the immunoaffinity columns (IAC) VICAM Afla M1TM HPLC. Acetonitrile was used for elution. After evaporation the samples were reconstituted in ultrapure water and acetonitrile, and analyzed by the HPLC-MS/MS.
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- 2018
35. Ostaci aminoglikozida u sirovom mlijeku
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Bilandžić, Nina, Fejzuli, Liridone, Solomun Kolanović, Božica, Varenina, Ivana, Varga, Ines, Božić Luburić, Đurđica, Kos, Blaženka, Šušković, Jagoda, and Božanić, Rajka
- Subjects
aminoglikozidni ,antibiotici ,mlijeko ,UHPLC-MS/MS - Abstract
Aminoglikozidni antibiotici se primjenjuju u kontroli bolesti, kao aditivi u hrani, ili sintetski promotori rasta u stočarstvu. Imaju širok antibakterijski spektar djelovanja, a najveću učinkovitost pokazuju u liječenju infekcija uzrokovanih aerobnim Gram-negativnim bakterijama. Ostaci aminoglikozidna mogu imati negativne posljedice na zdravlje potrošača kada njihove koncentracije prelaze definirane granice tolerancije. Uredbom Komisije (EU) 37/2010 definirane su najveće dopuštene količine (NDK) aminoglikozida u mlijeku. Svrha ovog rada je istraživanje koncentracija aminoglikozida u sirovom mlijeku primjenom tekućinske kromatografije ultravisoke djelotvornosti i višestruke spektrometrije masa (UHPLC-MS/MS). Metoda je validirana prema Odluci Komisije 2002/657/EC te su utvrđene granične koncentracije određivanja pojedinih aminoglikozida (CCα ; µg/kg): streptomicin 219, 5, dihidrostreptomicin 218, 4, spektinomicin 223, 2 ; kanamicin 158, 8 ; gentamicin 105, 1 ; neomicin 1591, 8. Utvrđena su iskorištenja u rasponu od 99, 0 do 102, 5 %. Granice kvantifikacije su se kretale od 2, 18 µg/kg za gentamicin do 351, 8 µg/kg za neomicin. Tijekom 2017. godine analizirano je ukupno 50 uzoraka sirovog kravljeg mlijeka na ostatke aminoglikozida. U jednom odnosno dva uzorka mlijeka utvrđene su koncentracije streptomicina odnosno dihidrostreptomicina ispod 100 µg/kg odnosno ispod NDK od 200 µg/kg. U jednom uzorku mlijeka određene su koncentracije dihidrostreptomicina iznad 300 µg/kg odnosno iznad NDK.
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- 2018
36. Koncentracije tetraciklinskih antibiotika u mesu i mesnim proizvodima
- Author
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Bilandžić, Nina, Solomun Kolanović, Božica, Varenina, Ivana, Varga, Ines, Krpan, Marina, and Hruškar, Mirjana
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tetraciklini, meso, jetra, masno tkivo, mesni proizvodi, sigurnost hrane - Abstract
Tetraciklinski antibiotici su najviše korišteni veterinarski lijekovi u životinja koje se koriste za proizvodnju hrane u Hrvatskoj. Cilj ovog rada bio je odrediti koncentracije tetraciklina, klortetraciklina, oksiteraciklina i doksiciklina u svinjskom mesu (n=101), jetri (n=31) i masnom tkivu (n=30), goveđem mesu (n=89) i jetri (n=20), te mesnim proizvodima (kobasice i šunke, n=24). Za određivanje tetraciklina korištena je imunoenzimska ELISA metoda koja je validirana prema kriterijima Odluke Komisije 2002/657/EZ. Određeni su validacijski parametri za četiri analizirana tetraciklina u rasponu: sposobnost detekcije CCβ 19, 3 - 66, 7 µg/kg, iskorištenje 64, 5 - 102 %, koeficijent varijacije 14, 1-28, 9 %, granica detekcije LOD 3, 62 - 21, 0 µg/kg. U ukupno 295 analiziranih uzoraka tetraciklini su izmjereni u rasponima (μg/kg): tetraciklin 10, 5 - 92, 1, klortetraciklin 2, 63 - 28, 0, oksiteraciklin 17, 5 - 91, 3, doksiciklin 1, 81 - 14, 0. Najviša koncentracija od 92, 1 μg/kg određena je za tetraciklin u svinjskom mesu. Najviše srednje vrijednosti određene su za (μg/kg): tetraciklin 23, 6 u svinjskom mesu, oksiteraciklin i klortetraciklina 41, 7 i 6, 41 u goveđem mesu. Srednje vrijednosti doksiciklina za sve vrste analiziranih uzoraka su ispod LOD vrijednosti (3, 62 μg/kg). Niti u jednoj vrsti uzoraka nisu utvrđene koncentracije iznad najviših dopuštenih koncentracija za četiri tetraciklina određenih Uredbom Komisije 37/2010/EZ. Utvrđeni rezultati ukazuju da se liječenje primjenom tetraciklina u životinja namijenjenih ishrani propisno provodilo pazeći na propisano vrijeme zadržavnja tetraciklinskih antibiotika te time osigurala zdravstvena sigurnost potrošača.
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- 2018
37. Salicilna kiselina - lijek sa različitim ljekovitim svojstvima
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Varga, Ines, Božić Luburić, Đurđica, Solomun Kolanović, Božica, Varenina, Ivana, and Bilandžić, Nina
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salicilna kiselina ,kora vrbe ,biljni hormon ,aditiv ,hrana ,mlijeko i mliječni proizvodi - Abstract
Salicilati predstavljaju skupinu najčešće korištenih lijekova za ublažavanje boli, snižavanje temperature te smanjenje upale. Najvažniji predstavnik ove skupine je proizvedeni salicilat acetilsalicilna kiselina poznatiji pod nazivom AspirinTM, jedan od najprodavanijih lijekova na tržištu. Osnovna supstanca salicilata je salicilna kiselina koja je pronađena je u kori vrbe, ali i u drugim biljkama poput prave končare te u voću, povrću, začinima i slično. Salicilna kiselina je biljni hormon i nalazi se u biljci u dva različita oblika: slobodni i vezani. Sudjeluje u različitim procesima (fotosinteza, klijanje, cvjetanje, respiracija, starenje, obrana biljke i slično). Koristi se u farmaceutskoj industriji u pripremi acetilsalicilne kiseline i kozmetičkoj industriji u kremama za liječenje bradavica, žuljeva, akni i različitih drugih kožnih promjena. Uvelike se primijenjuje kao antiseptik i keratolitik. Zajedno s ostalim salicilatima može se naći u različitim prehrambenim proizvodima. Salicilna kiselina se često može naći u mlijeku i mliječnim proizvodima gdje se koristi kao konzervans. Sirovo meso ima vrlo nisku razinu salicilata dok u jajima nisu pronađeni salicilati. Međutim, većina žitarica sadržava znatne količine salicilata. Utvrđeno je da kuhanje ima značajan utjecaj na sadržaj salicilata u prehrambenim proizvodima. Kuhanjem graha, brokule ili cvjetače utvrđen je znatno manji sadržaj salicilata nego u sirovom povrću.
- Published
- 2018
38. Determination of salicylic acid in milk using ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
- Author
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Varga, Ines, Božić Luburić, Đurđica, Varenina, Ivana, Solomun Kolanović, Božica, Bilandžić, Nina, and ILVO, Ghent
- Subjects
salicylic acid ,milk ,validation ,UPLC-MS/MS - Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used pharmaceuticals with analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic action. They are used for reducing pain, fever and treating rheumatic diseases. Recently, some NSAIDs are used for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, stroke and also for the treatment of tumors. NSAIDs are used in veterinary practice as therapeutics e.g. mastitis treatment in dairy cows. Salicylic acid (SA) is one of the NSAIDs which belong to the salicylate group. These are natural products of plant metabolism. In this study milk samples were extracted with acetonitrile and clean up on SPE using an Evolute ABN. Determination of NSAIDs in milk is performed by the UPLC-MS/MS. Zorbax Eclipse XDB C18 (4.6 x 75 mm, 3.5 μm) column was used for separation of analytes. The method has been validated according to the Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. The following validation parameters for SA were defined: specificity, linearity, recovery 107, 0 %, limit of quantification (LOQ) 9, 27 μg kg-1, decision limit (CCα) 26, 1 μg kg-1 and detection capability (CCβ) 30, 3 μg kg-1. A total of 90 milk samples were analyzed for residues of NSAIDs. It has been found that 17 samples have values of SA above CCα and 11 samples between LOQ and CCα.
- Published
- 2018
39. Diclazuril residues in liver of broiler chickens following drug administration
- Author
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Bilandžić, Nina, Varenina, Ivana, Božić Luburić, Đurđica, Solomun Kolanović, Božica, Varga Ines, Cventić, Luka, Cvetnić, Željko, and ILVO, Ghent
- Subjects
diclazuril ,liver ,broiler chicken ,residues ,LC-MS/MS - Abstract
A non-ionophoric synthetic coccidiostatic diclazuril is commonly used for the prevention and treatment of coccidiosis on poultry farms. According to Commission Regulation (EU) 2015/46 diclazuril is authorised in complete feed in chickens reared for laying at concentration of 0.8-1.2 mg kg-1. In this study, diclazuril residues were measured in the liver of broilers (n=35) treated with feed medicated with diclazuril at concentrations of 5 mg kg-1 for 21 days, i.e. a dose about 4 times the maximum authorised level. Control group received feed free of coccidiostats. The broilers were killed and liver tissue was collected over a period of 17 days after the end of administration. Diclazuril concentrations were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) with electrospray ionisation. Limit of quantification of the method was 12.5 ug kg-1 and recovery 99.1%. The maximum concentrations of 673.7 ug kg-1 were measured on the first post-treatment day. On the fifth day of post-treatment concentrations was 478.9 ug kg-1. After, concentrations gradually dropped from the seventh to fifteenth day after administration from 427.0 to 138.9 ug kg-1. On the seventeen days after the end of treatment, last day of measuring, diclazuril levels were still above the limit of quantification (55.5 ug kg-1).
- Published
- 2018
40. Levamisole residues in eggs following oral administration to laying hans
- Author
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Solomun Kolanović, Božica, Bilandžić, Nina, Varenina, Ivana, Božić Luburić, Đurđica, Varga Ines, Cventić, Luka, Kos, Blaženka, Cvetnić, Željko, and ILVO, Ghent
- Subjects
levamisole ,egg ,laying hans ,LC-MS/MS - Abstract
Levamisol is a broad spectrum synthetic antihelmintic used in the treatment of gastrointestinal nematodes and lungworms in domestic ruminants, pigs and poultry. In present study, levamisole residues were determined in eggs following oral administration to hens with a single dose of 50 mg kg-1 body weight, i.e. a dose twice times the prescribed therapeutic dose. Sampling of eggs was conducted for 37 days following the end of treatment. Levamisole concentrations were measured by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) by positive electrospray ionisation. Method was validated according to the Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.04 µg kg-1, limit of quantification (LOQ) 0.15 µg kg-1 and recovery 92.9%. The maximal concentrations of 556.2 and 166.5 ug kg-1 were measured in egg yolk and white on second day after the treatment. Gradual elimination of levamisole occurred and on seventh day after the cessation of treatment levamisole levels in yolk and white dropped to 14.1 and 2.68 ug kg-1. In yolk and white levamisole residues were above the LOQ values up to 19 and 10 days after the end of the treatment. Residues were still detectable for up to 34 and 22 days after the cessation of administration.
- Published
- 2018
41. Kontrola antibiotika u mesu i mesnim proizvodima u Europskoj Uniji
- Author
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Bilandžić, Nina, primary, Božić Luburić, Đurđica, additional, Solomun Kolanović, Božica, additional, Varga, Ines, additional, and Varenina, Ivana, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Biochemical and chemical parameters changes in the blood of chickens following treatments with maduramycin, monensin and diclazuril
- Author
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Bilandžić, Nina, Božić, Đurđica, Cvetnić, Luka, Cvetnić, Željko, Mitak, Mario, Perković, M., Solomun Kolanović, Božica, Varenina, Ivana, and Varga, Ines
- Subjects
maduramycin ,monensin ,diclazuril ,chickens ,biochemical and chemical parameters - Abstract
The aim of this study was to monitor the biochemical and chemical parameters of the blood of commercial chickens following treatment with one of three coccidiostats: maduramycin, monensin or diclazuril. Chickens received feed treated with maduramycin at concentrations of 5, 10 and 15 mg kg-1, monensin at 125, 225 and 325 mg kg-1 or diclazuril at 1, 5 and 10 mg kg-1. A control group of chickens consumed feed without the addition of coccidiostats. Following treatment, blood was sampled for 11 days and analysed for the following biochemical and chemical parameters: aspartate aminotransferase (AST), bile acid (BA), creatine kinase (CK), uric acid (UA), glucose (GLU), cholic acid (CA), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), globulin (GLOB) and phosphorus (PHOS). Administration of different concentrations of maduramycin, monensin and diclazuril did not affect the concentration of the parameters AST, UA, GLU, BA, TP, ALB, GLOB and PHOS in experimental groups of broilers in relation to the control group. However, significant differences were observed in the concentrations of CK and CA between the experimental and control groups. Significant differences were also found in the concentrations of AST, CA and UA between experimental groups.
- Published
- 2017
43. Rezidue kokcidiostatika u proizvodima animalnog podrijetla nakon primjene u peradi
- Author
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Varenina, Ivana, Bilandžić, Nina, Božić Luburić, Đurđica, Solomun Kolanović, Božica, Varga, Ines, Kos, Blaženka, and Beck, Relja
- Subjects
kokcidiostatici ,vrijeme zadržavanja ,perad - Abstract
U veterinarskoj medicini u uporabi je veliki broj antimikrobnih tvari i antiparazitika te ih dijelimo na antibakterijske, antifungalne, antiviralne i antiparazitske lijekove. Samo su neke od tih tvari dopuštene za uporabu u profilaktičke svrhe pri uzgoju životinja čiji se proizvodi na tržište stavljaju kao hrana. Usprkos tome, u hrani životinjskog podrijetla česta je pojava rezidua veterinarskih lijekova. U te lijekove ubrajamo i kokcidiostatike čija je primjena raširena u peradarstvu, kako u profilaksi, tako i u terapiji. Kokcidioza je parazitska bolest prouzročena jednostaničnom protozoonom roda Eimeria. Zbog velikog reproduktivnog potencijala, preživljavanja sporuliranih oocisti u stelji te različite patogenosti, kokcidioza predstavlja najznačajniju bolest intenzivne proizvodnje peradi. Iz navedenog je jasno da današnja intenzivna proizvodnja peradi nije moguća bez kontrole kokcidija kokcidiostaticima, kokcidiocidima ili cijepljenjem. Kokcidiostatici, tj. polieterskih ionofori, se razlikuju od ostalih antimikrobnih tvari. Nazivaju ih još i transportnim antibioticima jer djeluju na način da se inkorporiraju u membranu stanice tvoreći svojevrsne ionske tunele te prouzroče gubitak iona i oštećenja stanice. Kokcidiostatici se često detektiraju u hrani za neciljane skupine životinja, kao posljedica onečišćenja tijekom proizvodnje. U literaturi nedostaju podatci o raspodjeli kokcidiostatika u organizmu životinje nakon primjene kao i podatci o kinetici njegovog izlučivanja iz organizma. Kokoši nesilice su najčešća neciljna skupina koja je izložena kokcidiostaticima. Ovaj pregledni rad daje sažetak znanstvenih pokusa u kojima su istraženi kokcidiostatici i njihova akumulacija i vrijeme zadržavanja u organizmu. Afinitet vezanja veterinarskih lijekova u tkivu nakon njihove primjene ovise o njihovim kemijskim svojstvima kao što su: molarna masa, lipofilnost, konstanta disocijacije i afinitet vezanja na proteine. Pregledom znanstvenih istraživanja o zastupljenosti kokcidiostatika u jajima može se zaključiti da ukoliko tvari dominiraju u žumanjku jajeta kao rezidue, velika je vjerojatnost da će vrijeme zadržavanja biti i više od 10 dana. To se može protumačiti činjenicom da razvojni proces žumanjka započinje nekoliko dana prije nego li će jaje biti snijeto i to u jetri gdje nastaju prvi prekursori žumanjka. U usporedbi s tim, bjelanjak se razvija svega nekoliko sati prije nesenja jajeta. Stoga na učestalost pojave zaostataka rezidua u neciljnim tkivima ne utječe samo stupanj kontaminiranosti krmne smjese za neciljne skupine, nego i farmakokinetička svojstva i stupanj akumulacije svakog pojedinog kokcidiostatika.
- Published
- 2017
44. Estimation of the Withdrawal Time of Levamisole in Eggs after Oral Administration to Laying Hens
- Author
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Kolanović, Božica Solomun, primary, Bilandžić, Nina, additional, Varenina, Ivana, additional, Luburić, Đurđica Božić, additional, Varga, Ines, additional, Cvetnić, Luka, additional, Benić, Miroslav, additional, Cvetnić, Željko, additional, Lugomer, Marija Denžić, additional, Pavliček, Damir, additional, Šušković, Jagoda, additional, and Kos, Blaženka, additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Element contents in commercial fish species from the Croatian market
- Author
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Bilandžić, Nina, primary, Sedak, Marija, additional, Čalopek, Bruno, additional, Đokić, Maja, additional, Varenina, Ivana, additional, Kolanović, Božica Solomun, additional, Luburić, Đurđica Božić, additional, Varga, Ines, additional, Benić, Miroslav, additional, and Roncarati, Alessandra, additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Concentrations of microelements Al, Co, Cr, Li, Mo, Ni, Sb and Sr in the milk of Croatian Coldblood mares
- Author
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Bilandžić, Nina, Sedak, Marija, Đokić, Maja, Solomun Kolanović, Božica, Varenina, Ivana, Božić, Đurđica, and Končurat, Ana
- Subjects
milk ,lcsh:Dairying ,Croatia ,microelements ,ICP-OES ,Microelements ,Milk ,Horse ,lcsh:SF221-250 ,horse - Abstract
Microelements concentrations of Al, Co, Cr, Li, Mo, Ni, Sb and Sr were determined in the milk of Croatian Coldblood mares by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. The total mean element contents in mares milk were (g/kg): Al < 10, Co < 10, Cr 26.7, Li 4.35, Mo 11.0, Ni < 10, Sb 70.1 and Sr 467. Variation of Li, Sb and Sr concentrations were found throughout the lactation stages (days 10– 180). Correlations were found among elements in mares milk. In general, very limited data are available on the microelements content of Al, Cr, Co, Li, Mo, Ni, Sb and Sr in mares milk. To our knowledge this is the first report of the content of these microelements in milk of mares in Croatia.
- Published
- 2013
47. Deposition and depletion of maduramicin and monensin residues in eggs resulting from misuse of feed for target species
- Author
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Varenina, Ivana, Bilandžić, Nina, Kolanović, Solomun Božica, Luburić, Božić Đurđica, Varga, Ines, Cvetnić, Luka, Cvetnić, Željko Cvetnić, and Bergwerff, A.A.
- Subjects
Maduramicin ,Monensin ,Coccidiostats depletion ,Eggs - Abstract
Coccidiostats are often used as additives in poultry breeding due to their prophylactic and therapeutic effects. According to Commission Regulation (EC) No 109/2007, monensin is authorised in feedstuffs at maximum doses of 125 mg/kg, and maduramicin at a maximum content of 5–6 mg/kg ((EU) No 388/2011). In the present study, laying hens, as the non-target species, were treated with maduramicin and monensin added to feedstuffs below and at the concentration authorised for target species. Hens were divided into groups and fed for 14 days with medicated feed. Two groups were treated with feed containing maduramicin at 1 and 5 mg/kg, while two groups were treated with feed containing monensin at 62.5 and 125 mg/kg. The control group received feed free of coccidiostats. Eggs were collected during the treatment period and 26 days after withdrawal of the medicated feed. Maduramicin residues were determined solely in egg yolk, while residues of monensin were determined in both egg white and yolk. The transfer factor was significantly higher for maduramicin than for monensin. Residue levels of maduramicin and monensin in eggs, after administration at the maximum concentration in feed, were below the maximum residue limits for eggs after 16.6 days and 6.0 days, respectively.
- Published
- 2016
48. Sadržaj makroelemenata u UHT procesiranom mlijeku različitih proizvođača
- Author
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Bilandžić, Nina, Sedak, Marija, Čalopek, Bruno, Đokić, Maja, Božić Luburić, Đurđica, Solomun Kolanović, Božica, Varenina, Ivana, Varga, Ines, and Rajka Božanić
- Subjects
UHT mlijeko ,makroelementi ,kalcij ,natrij ,kalij ,magnezij ,ICP-MS - Abstract
Mlijeko i mliječni proizvodi važan su izvor makrominerala i mikroelemenata u prehrani. Stoga određivanje koncentracija elemenata u mlijeku ima važnost zbog njegova prehrambenog i toksikološkog značaja u ljudskom zdravlju. U prethodnim istraživanjima, analize elemenata u mlijeku obično su bile usmjerene na sirovo mlijeko i na razlikovanje mlijeka od različitih životinja ili razlika u koncentracijama ovisno o razdoblju, odnosno mjestu uzorkovanja. Cilj ovog rada je istražiti koncentracije makro i mikroelemenata u proceriranom kravljem mlijeku. Dakle, uzorci steriliziranog trajnog mlijeka sa 2, 8 % mliječne masti od tri različita proizvođača mlijeka iz Hrvatske te jednog mlijeka proizvedenog u Europskoj uniji prikupljeni su u velikim oprskrbinm centrima u glavnom gradu Hrvatske, Zagrebu. Koncentracije makroelemenata kalcija (Ca), kalija (K), natrija (Na), i magnezija (Mg) u uzorcima mlijeka analizirane su pomoću induktivno spergnute plazme s masenom spektrometrijom (ICP-MS). Koncentracije elemenata određene su u rasponima (mg/kg): Ca 1069, 3–1374, 4 ; K 14, 1–17, 9 ; Na 342, 0–447, 5 ; Mg 96, 3–121, 6. Utvrđene su značajne razlike u koncentracijama Ca i Na (p 0, 05, svi) između uzoraka mlijeka različitih proizvođača iz Hrvatske. Nisu utvrđene značajne razlike u koncentracijama elemenata između uvoznog mlijeka i mlijeka iz Hrvatske. Gotovo da i nema literaturnih podataka o koncentracijama elemenata u UHT mlijeku. Stoga su koncentracije elemenata uspoređene s koncentracijama dobivenim u sirovom kravljem mlijeku i koncentracije su unutar raspona navedenih u prethodnim studijama.
- Published
- 2016
49. Nesteroidni protuupalni lijekovi – svojstva, mehanizam djelovanja, primjena i kontrola
- Author
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Božić Luburić, Đurđica, Bilandžić, Nina, Radojčić Redovniković, Ivana, Varenina, Ivana, Varga, Ines, and Solomun Kolanović, Božica
- Subjects
analgetici ,nesteroidni protuupalni lijekovi ,ciklooksigenaza ,ostaci ,UHPLC - Abstract
Nesteroidni protuupalni lijekovi (NSPL) (engl. Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs, NSAID) su farmaceutici analgetskog, protuupalnog i antipiretskog djelovanja. Po kemijskoj strukturi su heterogena skupina spojeva i gotovi svi su organske kiseline s izuzetkom derivata koksiba i pirazolona. Njihov farmakološki učinak je inhibicijsko djelovanje enzima ciklooksigenaze (engl. cyclooxygenase, COX) koji je ključni enzim u biosintetskom putu prostaglandina. Prema djelovanju na COX ovisno o tome inhibiraju li obje izoforme (COX-1 i COX-2) ili samo COX-2, dijele se na neselektivne i selektivne COX-2 inhibitore. Većina NSPL-a registriranih u Hrvatskoj su neselektivni inhibitori COX. Klasični NSPL-i (acetilsalicilatna kiselina, ibuprofen, diklofenak) su neselektivni, tj. podjednako inhibiraju obje izoforme COX pa zato imaju izraženije nuspojave na sluznicu probavnog sustava i bubrege. Osim u liječenju boli NSPL-i se koriste i za snižavanje povišene tjelesne temperature te za liječenje reumatskih bolesti zbog čega se često nazivaju i antireumaticima. Procjenjuje se da ih svakodnevno uzima veliki broj ljudi. U posljednje se vrijeme pojedini NSPL-i sve više koriste za prevenciju srčano-žilnih bolesti i moždanog udara kao i za liječenje tumora. NSPL-i se široko primjenjuju u veterinarskoj medicini (npr. liječenja mastitisa kod mliječnih krava), kao i za smirenje životinja tijekom transporta, prije klanja kako bi se spriječila agregacija trombocita te radi sekundarnih farmakoloških učinaka kako bi se poboljšale neke značajke kvalitete mesa. Primjenom NSPL-a u uzgoju životinja za proizvodnju hrane njihovi ostaci (rezidue) se mogu pojaviti u prehrambenim proizvodima životinjskog podrijetla. Ostaci NSPL-a u biološkom materijalu predstavljaju problem zbog mogućih negativnih učinaka na probavni, srčano-žilni i mokraćno-spolni sustav kao i druge organske sustave te je nužna i opravdana stroga kontrola ostataka NSPL-a u takvim uzorcima. Danas se u njihovoj kontroli koriste multi-rezidualne metode određivanja koje omogućuju istovremenu identifikaciju i kvantifikaciju više od 25 najčešće primjenjivanih NSPL-a.
- Published
- 2016
50. Toksični metali - bioindikatori zagađenja u morskom okolišu - II dio: arsen i živa
- Author
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Sedak, Marija, Bilandžić, Nina, Čalopek, Bruno, Đokić, Maja, Solomun Kolanović, Božica, Varenina, Ivana, Božić, Đurđica, Varga, Ines, Šimić, Branimir, Đuras, Martina, and Gomerčić, Tomislav
- Subjects
teški metali ,arsen ,živa ,bioakumulacija ,morski sisavci - Abstract
Teški metali arsen, olovo, kadmij, živa i arsen su toksični neesencijalni metali prisutni u organizmu samo kao posljedica zagađenja i bez poznatih korisnih svojstava za život. Organizam ih može tolerirati u niskim koncentracijama dok kod viših koncetracija postaju toksični. Arsen djeluje na mitohondrijske enzime i koči mehanizam staničnog disanja. Postoji u anorganskom i organskom obliku i u različitim oksidacijskim stanjima te je u okolišu prvenstveno prisutan u trovalentnom i pentavalentnom oksidacijskom stanju. Simptomi akutnog otrovanja anorganskim arsenom su teški gastrointestinalni poremećaji, zatajenje jetre i bubrega i kardiovaskularni poremećaji. Kronična izloženost uzrokuje pigmentaciju kože, hiperkeratozu, karcinom pluća, mjehura, jetre i bubrega, kao i kože. Arsen se javlja u morskoj vodi uglavnom u anorganskim oblicima arsenata i arsenita. Morski organizmi sadrže arsen u mnogo većim koncentracijama nego kopneni organizmi te su u nemogućnosti izbjegavanja izloženosti potencijalno toksičnim anorganskim vrstama arsena razvili mehanizme biotransformacije i detoksikacije. Arsen nije ravnomjerno distribuiran u tkivima morskih životinja i uglavnom se akumulira u egzoskeletu beskralješnjaka te u jetri ribe. Koncentracije ukupnog arsena, kao i specifične vrste arsena su promjenjive. Tako je anorganski arsen prisutan gotovo isključivo u unutarnjim organima (crijeva, jetra, želudac, srce, škrge) dok je sadržaja arsen u mišićima gotovo u potpunosti arsenobetain. Živa u okoliš prevenstveno dospijeva erupcijama vulkana, erozijom tla, iz stijena i bakterijskom razgradnjom organskih živinih spojeva. Antropogeni izvori su živine rude, izgaranje fosilnih goriva, industrije koje koriste živu u tehnološkim procesima. Akutno visoke doze živinih soli prvenstveno uzrokuju bol u prsima i teške gastrointestinalne simptome zbog korozivnih oštećenja probavnog trakta. Kod kroničnog anorganskog trovanja dolazi do oštećenje bubrega, uglavnom proksimalnih kanala, poliurije i proteinurijeMetil-živa je glavni oblik žive u okolišu i glavni oblik nakupljanja u životinjama i čovjeku i formira se metilacijom anorganske žive djelovanjem mikroorganizama u okolišu i kao takva ulazi u vodeni hranidbeni lanac. Najviše koncentracije žive pronađene su kod predatorskih riba i morskih sisavaca. Živa se najviše akumulira jetri morskih sisavca u anorganskom obliku što upućuje na jetru kao mjesto demetiliranja žive. Tako se živini spojevi uglavnom metaboliziraju u jetri gdje se mogu demetilirati ili su podvrgnuti konjugacijskim reakcijama s glutationom i selenom. Formiranje netopljivih spojeva žive i selena se smatra procesom kojim selen može spriječava živinu toksičnost.
- Published
- 2016
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