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665 results on '"Varela, Carmen"'

1. Perception of pregnant individuals, health providers and decision makers on interventions to cease substance consumption during pregnancy: a qualitative study

Author

Vila-Farinas, Andrea, Pérez-Ríos, Mónica, Montes-Martínez, Agustín, Ahluwalia, Jasjit S-, Mourino, Nerea, Rey-Brandariz, Julia, Triñanes-Pego, Yolanda, Candal-Pedreira, Cristina, Ruano-Ravina, Alberto, Gómez-Salgado, Patricia, Miguez-Varela, Carmen, Tajes-Alonso, María, Loureiro-Fuentes, Isabel, Riesgo-Martín, Juan, Valverde-Trillo, Araceli, Fernández-Lema, Isabel, Rey-Arijón, Mercedes, Freiría-Somoza, Isabel, Rodríguez-Pampín, María, and Varela-Lema, Leonor

Published
2024
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2. Modelling the artificial night sky brightness at short distances from streetlights

Author

Bará, Salvador, Bao-Varela, Carmen, and Kocifaj, Miroslav

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Optics
Abstract

Contrary to some widespread intuitive belief, the night sky brightness perceived by the human eye or any other physical detector does not come (exclusively) from high in the sky. The detected brightness is built up from the scattered radiance contributed by all elementary atmospheric volumes along the line of sight, starting from the very first millimeter from the eye cornea or the entrance aperture of the measuring instrument. In artificially lit environments, nearby light sources may be responsible for a large share of the total perceived sky radiance. We present in this paper a quantitative analytical model for the sky radiance in the vicinity of outdoor light sources, free from singularities at the origin, which provides useful insights for the correct design or urban dark sky places. It is found that the artificial zenith sky brightness produced by a small ground-level source detected by a ground-level observer at short distances (from the typical dimension of the source up to several hundred meters) decays with the inverse of the distance to the source. This amounts to a reduction of 2.5 mag/arcsec2 in sky brightness for every log10 unit increase of the distance. The effects of screening by obstacles are also discussed., Comment: 35 pages, 10 figures. This is the accepted version of a manuscript whose version of record is published in Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer 296 (2023), 108456

Published
2023
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3. Skyglow inside your eyes: intraocular scattering and artificial brightness of the night sky

Author

Bará, Salvador and Bao-Varela, Carmen

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The visual perception of the natural night sky in many places of the world is strongly disturbed by anthropogenic light. Part of this artificial light is scattered in the atmosphere and propagates towards the observer, adding to the natural brightness and producing a light polluted sky. However, atmospheric scattering is not the only mechanism contributing to increase the visual skyglow. The rich and diverse biological media forming the human eye also scatter light very efficiently and contribute, in some cases to a big extent, to the total sky brightness detected by the retinal photoreceptors. In this paper we quantify this effect and assess its relevance when the eye pupil is illuminated by light sources within the visual field. Our results show that intraocular scattering constitutes a significant part of the perceived sky brightness at short distances from streetlights. These results provide quantitative support to the everyday experience that substantial gains in naked-eye star limiting magnitudes can be achieved by blocking the direct light from the lamps that reaches the eye pupil. Urban lighting designs that reduce the illuminance over the eye pupil and locate the sources at large angles with respect to the visual axis are expected to help decreasing the artificial intraocular skyglow., Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures. Accepted version of a paper to be published in International Journal of Sustainable Lighting

Published
2022

4. Light pollution and the concentration of anthropogenic photons in the terrestrial atmosphere

Author

Bará, Salvador, Bao-Varela, Carmen, and Falchi, Fabio

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Optics
Abstract

Light pollution can be rigorously described in terms of the volume concentration of anthropogenic photons (light quanta) in the terrestrial atmosphere. This formulation, consistent with the basic physics of the emission, scattering and absorption of light, allows one to express light pollution levels in terms of particle volume concentrations, in a completely analogous way as it is currently done with other classical pollutants, like particulate matter or molecular contaminants. In this work we provide the explicit conversion equations between the photon volume concentration and the traditional light photometry quantities. This equivalent description of the light pollution levels provides some relevant insights that help to identify artificial light at night as a standard pollutant. It also enables a complementary way of expressing artificial light exposures for environmental and public health research and regulatory purposes., Comment: 15 pages, 2 figures. This is an author-formatted version of the accepted manuscript whose version of record has been published in Atmospheric Pollution Research, 2022, 13(9):101541, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2022.101541

Published
2022
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5. Quantitative evaluation of outdoor artificial light emissions using low Earth orbit radiometers

Author

Bará, Salvador, Bao-Varela, Carmen, and Lima, Raul C.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

Low Earth orbit radiometers allow monitoring nighttime anthropogenic light emissions in wide areas of the planet. In this work we describe a simple model for assessing significant outdoor lighting changes at the municipality level using on-orbit measurements complemented with ground-truth information. We apply it to evaluate the transformation effected in the municipality of Ribeira (42{\deg} 33 23 N, 8{\deg} 59 32 W) in Galicia, which in 2015 reduced the amount of installed lumen in its publicly-owned outdoor lighting system from 93.2 to 28.7 Mlm. This significant cutback, with the help of additional controls, allowed to reduce from 0.768 to 0.208 Mlm/km2 the lumen emission density averaged across the territory. In combination with the VIIRS-DNB annual composite readings these data allow to estimate that the relative weight of the emissions of the public streetlight system with respect to the total emissions of light in the municipality changed from an initial value of 74.86% to 44.68% after the transformation. The effects of the sources spectral shift and the photon calibration factor on the radiance reported by the VIIRS-DNB are also evaluated., Comment: 26 pages, 4 figures. This is the accepted version of a manuscript whose version of record is published in Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer 295 (2023) 108405

Published
2022
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9. Use of Eye-Tracking Methodology for Learning in College Students: Systematic Review of Underlying Cognitive Processes

Author

González-Diez, Irene, Varela, Carmen, Sáiz-Manzanares, María Consuelo, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Gomide, Fernando, Advisory Editor, Kaynak, Okyay, Advisory Editor, Liu, Derong, Advisory Editor, Pedrycz, Witold, Advisory Editor, Polycarpou, Marios M., Advisory Editor, Rudas, Imre J., Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, García Bringas, Pablo, editor, Pérez García, Hilde, editor, Martínez de Pisón, Francisco Javier, editor, Martínez Álvarez, Francisco, editor, Troncoso Lora, Alicia, editor, Herrero, Álvaro, editor, Calvo Rolle, José Luis, editor, Quintián, Héctor, editor, and Corchado, Emilio, editor

Published
2023
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10. En_Línea. An Online Treatment to Change Lifestyle for People with Overweight and Obesity. A Pilot Study

Author

Varela, Carmen, González-Diez, Irene, Sáiz-Manzanares, María Consuelo, Saldaña, Carmina, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Gomide, Fernando, Advisory Editor, Kaynak, Okyay, Advisory Editor, Liu, Derong, Advisory Editor, Pedrycz, Witold, Advisory Editor, Polycarpou, Marios M., Advisory Editor, Rudas, Imre J., Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, García Bringas, Pablo, editor, Pérez García, Hilde, editor, Martínez de Pisón, Francisco Javier, editor, Martínez Álvarez, Francisco, editor, Troncoso Lora, Alicia, editor, Herrero, Álvaro, editor, Calvo Rolle, José Luis, editor, Quintián, Héctor, editor, and Corchado, Emilio, editor

Published
2023
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12. Lifting COVID-19 mitigation measures in Spain (May–June 2020)

Author

Monge, Susana, Latasa Zamalloa, Pello, Sierra Moros, María José, Pérez Olaso, Oscar, García San Miguel, Lucía, Varela, Carmen, Rivera Ariza, Silvia, Vázquez Torres, María C., Olmedo Lucerón, María del Carmen, González Yuste, Paloma, Soler Crespo, Pilar, Segura del Pozo, Javier, Gullón, Pedro, Carrasco, José Miguel, Martínez Sánchez, Elena Vanessa, Redondo Bravo, Lidia, Pichiule Castañeda, Myriam, Purriños Hermida, María Jesús, Hervada Vidal, Xurxo, Huerta Gonzalez, Ismael, Margolles, Mario, Vanaclocha Luna, Hermelinda, Ramalle Gómara, Enrique, Pérez Martín, Jaime Jesús, Chirlaque López, María Dolores, López Fernández, María Jesús, Lorusso, Nicola, Carmona Ubago, Alberto, Rivas Perez, Ana, Ramos Marin, Violeta, Criado Alvarez, Juan José, Castrillejo Pérez, Daniel, Góméz Anés, Atanasio A., Frontera, Marga, Macias Rodriguez, Pedro, Álvarez León, Eva Elisa, Díaz Casañas, Miriam, Lopaz Perez, Maria Angeles, Alonso Pérez de Ágreda, Juan Pablo, Navas Gutierrez, Paloma, Rosell Aguilar, Ignacio, Arteagoitia Axpe, Jose María, Gonzalez Carril, Fernando, Aparicio Azcárraga, Pilar, Simón Soria, Fernando, and Suarez Rodríguez, Berta

Published
2023
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14. Performance of the VITEK® MS system for the identification of filamentous fungi in a microbiological laboratory in Chile.

Author

Porte, Lorena, Cruz, Rodrigo, Pérez, Inia, Varela, Carmen, Díaz, Cristina, García, Patricia, Legarraga, Paulette, Valdivieso, Francisca, and Weitzel, Thomas

Subjects
IDENTIFICATION of fungi, FILAMENTOUS fungi, MASS spectrometry, DATABASES, PATHOLOGICAL laboratories, MATRIX-assisted laser desorption-ionization, TIME-of-flight mass spectrometry
Abstract

Filamentous fungi are an emergent cause of severe infections in immunocompromised patients. Timely and accurate identification is crucial to initiate appropriate therapy. Traditional identification methods are time-consuming, labor-intensive, and operator-dependent. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry is a rapid and easy-to-perform identification method. The effectiveness of a commercial MALDI-TOF MS platform to identify filamentous fungi in a clinical laboratory was evaluated. The study included 67 fungal isolates from 35 species/species complexes, which were identified and confirmed in mycology reference laboratories; 32 derived from clinical samples, 34 from strain collections and one was an ATCC strain. The study used the VITEK® MS system (v3.2.0 database), after sample extraction by VITEK® MS Mould Kit. Results were classified as "correct species", "correct species complex", "correct genus"and "no identification". VITEK® MS correctly identified 91.0% of isolates (58.2% to species, 29.9% to species complex, and 1.5% to genus level only). In 82%, the result matched the species/species complex identified by reference methods. No misidentifications were observed. The kit was rapid and easy to use. In conclusion, the VITEK® MS system showed a high capability to accurately identify filamentous fungi in a clinical laboratory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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15. Tumor regression and resistance mechanisms upon CDK4 and RAF1 inactivation in KRAS/P53 mutant lung adenocarcinomas

Author

Esteban-Burgos, Laura, Wang, Haiyun, Nieto, Patricia, Zheng, Jie, Blanco-Aparicio, Carmen, Varela, Carmen, Gómez-López, Gonzalo, Fernández-García, Fernando, Sanclemente, Manuel, Guerra, Carmen, Drosten, Matthias, Galán, Javier, Caleiras, Eduardo, Martínez-Torrecuadrada, Jorge, Fajas, Lluis, Peng, Sheng-Bin, Santamaría, David, Musteanu, Monica, and Barbacid, Mariano

Published
2020

17. Omipalisib inspired macrocycles as dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitors

Author

Álvarez, Rosa M., García, Ana Belén, Riesco-Fagundo, Concepción, Martín, José I., Varela, Carmen, Rodríguez Hergueta, Antonio, González Cantalapiedra, Esther, Oyarzabal, Julen, Di Geronimo, Bruno, Lorenzo, Milagros, Albarrán, M Isabel, Cebriá, Antonio, Cebrián, David, Martínez-González, Sonia, Blanco-Aparicio, Carmen, and Pastor, Joaquín

Published
2021
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25. Straight micromixer manufacturing combining stereolithography and pulsed laser ablation and simulation - INVITED

Author

Carnero Bastián, Bao-Varela Carmen, Gómez-Varela Ana Isabel, Varela Ballesta Sylvana, Rodiño-Janeiro Bruno K., and Flores-Arias María Teresa

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Achieving efficient mixing of fluids is a great challenge in microfluidics that has been addressed using microstructures. In this work, Stereolithography (SLA) and Pulsed Laser Ablation (PLA) were combined to manufacture a straight micromixer for uniform mixing of fluids. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation was performed to test the device. The results suggest that the combination of these optical technologies can be an effective method for fabricating microfluidic devices with great mixing capabilities.

Published
2023
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30. Discovery of novel triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3-yl-quinoline derivatives as PIM inhibitors

Author

Martínez-González, Sonia, Rodríguez-Arístegui, Sonsoles, Gómez de la Oliva, Cristina Ana, Hernández, Ana Isabel, González Cantalapiedra, Esther, Varela, Carmen, García, Ana Belén, Rabal, Obdulia, Oyarzabal, Julen, Bischoff, James R., Klett, Javier, Albarrán, María Isabel, Cebriá, Antonio, Ajenjo, Nuria, García-Serelde, Beatriz, Gómez-Casero, Elena, Cuadrado-Urbano, Manuel, Cebrián, David, Blanco-Aparicio, Carmen, and Pastor, Joaquín

Published
2019
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32. Polymeric nanocapsules loaded with poly(I:C) and resiquimod to reprogram tumor-associated macrophages for the treatment of solid tumors

Author

Anfray, Clément, primary, Varela, Carmen Fernández, additional, Ummarino, Aldo, additional, Maeda, Akihiro, additional, Sironi, Marina, additional, Gandoy, Sara, additional, Brea, Jose, additional, Loza, María Isabel, additional, León, Sergio, additional, Calvo, Alfonso, additional, Correa, Juan, additional, Fernandez-Megia, Eduardo, additional, Alonso, María José, additional, Allavena, Paola, additional, Crecente-Campo, José, additional, and Andón, Fernando Torres, additional

Published
2024
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34. Photosensitive Control and Network Synchronization of Chemical Oscillators.

Author

Carballosa, Alejandro, Gomez-Varela, Ana I., Bao-Varela, Carmen, Flores-Arias, Maria Teresa, and Muñuzuri, Alberto P.

Subjects
OSCILLATING chemical reactions, BELOUSOV-Zhabotinskii reaction, SYNCHRONIZATION, GLASS
Abstract

The Belousov–Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction has long been a paradigmatic system for studying chemical oscillations. Here, we experimentally studied the synchronization control within photochemically coupled star networks of BZ oscillators. Experiments were carried out in wells performed in soda-lime glass constructed using novel laser technologies. Utilizing the inherent oscillatory nature of the BZ reaction, we engineered a star network of oscillators interconnected through photochemical inhibitory coupling. Furthermore, the experimental setup presented here could be extrapolated to more complex network architectures with both excitatory and inhibitory couplings, contributing to the fundamental understanding of synchronization in complex systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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48. Multi-well platform manufacturing combining stereolithography and pulsed laser ablation for cellular studies

Author

Carnero Bastián, Bao-Varela Carmen, Gómez-Varela Ana Isabel, Alvarez Ezequiel, and Flores-Arias María Teresa

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Novel cell culture platforms, with more physiological surface roughness, require different technologies capable of precisely micropattern substrates. 3D printing offers a considerable accuracy and user-friendly procedures. For its part, pulsed laser ablation proves to be a versatile technology to perform detailed surface micropatterning. In this work, both technologies were combined to easily fabricate a versatile PDMS multi-well platform for performing cellular studies on a micropatterned biocompatible surface.

Published
2022
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49. Micro-reactors fabricated by Subaquatic indirect Laser-Induced Plasma-Assisted Ablation on soda-lime glass substrates

Author

Flores-Arias M. Teresa, Gómez-Varela Ana I., Munuzuri Alberto P., Carballosa Alejandro, and Bao-Varela Carmen

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Synchronization control of complex systems is a field that emerged with huge interest and aims to study new possible routes to synchronization in networks of non-locally coupled chemical oscillators. Light can be used to stimulate these systems and to be able to synchronize the different micro-reactors involved in the complex system. To this end, transparent reactors with good optical qualities are needed. Glass is the most appropriated material to be used for fabricating the micro-reactors. Subaquatic indirect Laser-Induced Plasma-Assisted Ablation is presented as a laser technique that combines underwater ablation with shock waves as a potential technique for fabricating these micro-reactors by using a Nd:YVO4 laser.

Published
2022
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