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Over the past decade, an increasing number of studies have emphasized the importance of the host microbiome in influencing organismal health and development. Aligned with this understanding, our study aimed to investigate the potential association between the turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) phenotypic traits and the post-larval bacteriome. Turbot post-larvae were sampled from twenty randomly selected production cycles thirty days after hatching (DAH) across multiple post-larval production batches over a three-month period (April to June). Fish were selectively sampled based on five phenotypic traits, namely, normal, large, small, malformed, and depigmented. Our results showed that small-sized post-larvae had significantly higher bacterial phylogenetic diversity in their bacterial communities than all other phenotypes. A more in-depth compositional analysis also revealed specific associations between certain bacterial taxa and fish phenotypes. For example, the genera Aliivibrio and Sulfitobacter were enriched in small-sized post-larvae, while the family Micrococcaceae were predominantly found in larger post-larvae. Furthermore, genus Exiguobacterium was linked to depigmented larvae, and genus Pantoea was more prevalent in normal post-larvae. These observations underscore the importance of further research to understand the roles of these bacterial taxa in larval growth and phenotypic differentiation. Such insights could contribute to developing microbiome modulation strategies, which may enhance turbot post-larval health and quality and improve larviculture production.

Introduction: Neurological involvement in immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is increasingly recognized. Its diagnosis can be challenging due to clinical mimics and difficulty in obtaining nervous system biopsies. The aim of this study was to describe a cohort of neurological IgG4-RD patients. Methods: Patients were recruited from a neuroimmunology tertiary center. Clinical, laboratory, neuroimaging and histological data were reviewed. Results: Fifteen patients (60% women), with a median age of 53 years (48.5 – 65.0) were included: 13 (86.7%) classified as possible IgG4-RD, one (6.7%) as probable and one (6.7%) as definitive. The most common neurological phenotypes were meningoencephalitis (26.7%), orbital pseudotumor (13.3%), cranial neuropathies (13.3%), peripheral neuropathy (13.3%), and longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LTEM) (13.3%). Median serum IgG4 concentration was 191.5 (145.0 – 212.0) mg/dL. Seven in 14 patients had CSF pleocytosis (50.0%) and oligoclonal bands restricted to the intrathecal compartment, while most cases presented elevated CSF proteins (64.3%). Magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities included white matter lesions in four (26.7%), hypertrophic pachymeningitis in two (13.3%), and LETM in two (13.3%). Two patients had biopsy-proven IgG4-RD in extra-neurological sites. Conclusion: This study highlights the phenotypical variability of the neurological IgG4-RD. Biopsy inaccessibility reinforces the importance of new criteria for the diagnosis of this subset of patients.

O envelhecimento é um processo progressivo e a diminuição do equilíbrio e alteração nas funções cognitivas são fatores de risco para quedas e dependência em idosos. Estudos indicam que a intervenção psicomotora pode melhorar o equilíbrio e a cognição nos adultos mais velhos. O estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o equilíbrio e as funções cognitivas em idosos institucionalizados e verificar se uma intervenção psicomotora tem efeitos no equilíbrio estático e dinâmico. Realizado numa residência sénior no nordeste do país, 15 idosos (média de idade 86,27 anos, 67% mulheres) foram avaliados com Exame Geronto-Psicomotor, Mini-Mental State Examination e Índice de Barthel, antes e após quatro meses de intervenção. Na primeira avaliação, 60% apresentaram perfil psicomotor abaixo do nível de corte para a faixa etária, 67% défice cognitivo e 53,3% dependência ligeira. Após a intervenção não houve alterações significativas no equilíbrio estático, mas uma diminuição significativa (p=0,015) no equilíbrio dinâmico. Os resultados indicam manutenção no equilíbrio estático e, considerando a idade avançada da amostra, a ausência de alterações é indicador satisfatório. A diminuição no equilíbrio dinâmico pode ser atribuída à idade avançada. A intervenção psicomotora em idosos institucionalizados pode ajudar a manter o equilíbrio, contribuindo para a prevenção de quedas.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common cause of hospital-acquired infections and exhibits a strong resistance to antibiotics. An alternative treatment option for bacterial infections is the use of bacteriophages (or phages). In this study, two distinct phages, VB_PaD_phPA-G (phPA-G) and VB_PaN_phPA-Intesti (phPA-Intesti), were used as single suspensions or in a phage cocktail to inactivate the planktonic cells and biofilms of P. aeruginosa. Preliminary experiments in culture medium showed that phage phPA-Intesti (reductions of 4.5–4.9 log CFU/mL) outperformed phPA-G (reductions of 0.6–2.6 log CFU/mL) and the phage cocktail (reduction of 4.2 log CFU/mL). Phage phPA-Intesti caused a maximum reduction of 5.5 log CFU/cm2 in the P. aeruginosa biofilm in urine after 4 h of incubation. The combination of phage phPA-Intesti and ciprofloxacin did not improve the efficacy of bacterial inactivation nor reduce the development of resistant mutants. However, the development of resistant bacteria was lower in the combined treatment with the phage and the antibiotic compared to treatment with the antibiotic alone. This phage lacks known toxins, virulence, antibiotic resistance, and integrase genes. Overall, the results suggest that the use of phage phPA-Intesti could be a potential approach to control urinary tract infections (UTIs), namely those caused by biofilm-producing and multidrug-resistant strains of P. aeruginosa.

Abstract Background The extra-musculoskeletal manifestations (EMMs) such as recurrent acute anterior uveitis (rAAU), psoriasis (Ps), and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), are related to the Spondyloarthritis (SpA), as well as they are associated with disease activity and poor prognosis. However, there are no data addressing its relevance regarding therapeutic decision-making in clinical practice. Objective To evaluate the impact of EMMs to drive the treatment decision-making in patients with SpA in a 12-month follow-up. Patients and methods SpA patients, according to the axial and peripheral ASAS classification criteria, as well as CASPAR criteria, with any active EMM, defined as main entry criteria, were included in this longitudinal cohort study. Individuals with a history of any disease or condition that could be associated with some of the studied endpoints, including neoplasms and infectious diseases, were excluded. Specific tools related to each EMM, including Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI), ophthalmologic evaluation, according to the Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature (SUN) criteria, and gut complaints were used at baseline and during the 3-, 6- and 12-month of follow-up as outcomes measures over time. Descriptive and inferential analyses were used appropriately, including Pearson’s correlation test, chi-squared test, and ANOVA. P value less than 0.05 was considered as significant. Results A total of 560 patients were enrolled, of whom 472 meet the eligibility criteria. The majority (N = 274; 59.6%) had one or more EMM related to SpA umbrella concept. Among the EMM, the one that most influenced therapeutic decision-making was psoriasis (28.5%), followed by uveitis (17.5%) and IBD (5.5%), regardless of musculoskeletal manifestations. Clinical improvement of EMMs outcomes was observed in most patients over 12-month follow-up, especially in those with rAAU and IBD (P

RESUMO Analisaram-se, na percepção de profissionais da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), as dificuldades no cuidado em Saúde Mental relacionadas ao uso de Substâncias Psicoativas (SPA), à luz de reflexões sobre os tensionamentos presentes na saúde pública no que se refere ao seu uso. Foi conduzido estudo exploratório qualitativo em 11 municípios da Macrorregião de Saúde Oeste do estado de Minas Gerais, com entrevistas semiestruturadas e Grupos Focais com 145 profissionais da APS. O material foi analisado a partir do referencial de Análise de Conteúdo. As principais dificuldades identificadas estavam relacionadas à organização e à gestão do trabalho em saúde, ao estigma sobre usuários com demandas relacionadas ao uso de SPA, à falta de reflexões e práticas em saúde que considerem a realidade dos usuários em uso de SPA, à ‘cultura da medicação’ e à desarticulação da Rede de Atenção Psicossocial. É fundamental o desenvolvimento de políticas e práticas que permitam aos trabalhadores e às estruturas de saúde uma maior reflexão acerca da relação entre o uso de SPA e as possibilidades de lidar com o sofrimento, expresso de diferentes formas pelos usuários dos serviços de saúde.

Abstract The purpose of this study was to isolate Toxoplasma gondii from tissues of free-range chickens in the southwestern region of Goiás, to detect and molecularly characterize the genetic material of the parasite, and to determine the seroprevalence of the protozoan parasite in these animals. A seroprevalence of T. gondii antibodies of 76% (19/25) was found among the chickens, while genetic material from their tissues was detected in 56% (14/25). A total of 14 isolates was obtained in the bioassay, ten of which were considered acute, eight were considered isolates of high virulence lethal to mice, and four of low virulence, considered non-lethal but with the ability to chronify the infection. Seven of the ten isolates showed significant morphometric differences from the RH strain, in terms of nucleus-complex-apical distance, length and width. Genotyping of the acute isolates was performed by RFLP-PCR, using 11 genetic markers: SAG1, SAG2 (3’SAG2 and 5’SAG2), alt.SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L358, PK1, and APICO. The results were compared and classified according to the genotypes listed on the ToxoDB Platform, where different profiles were observed indicating the presence of two known genotypes (#7 and #63) and five new genotypes (NEW 3, NEW4, NEW5, NEW6, NEW 7). The results showed high seroprevalence, isolation rate, molecular detection and genotypic variations of T. gondii in free-range chickens in the southwestern region of Goiás.

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae can lead to severe clinical complications and even death. An alternative treatment option for infected patients is using bacteriophages. In the present study, we isolated phage VB_KPM_KP1LMA (KP1LMA) from sewage water using a K. pneumoniae strain as a host. Whole-genome analysis indicated that the genome was a double-stranded linear 176,096-bp long DNA molecule with 41.8% GC content and did not contain virulence or antibiotic resistance genes. The inactivation potential of phage KP1LMA was assessed in broth at an MOI of 1 and 10, and a maximum inactivation of 4.9 and 5.4 log CFU/mL, respectively, was observed after 9 h. The efficacy at an MOI of 10 was also assessed in urine to evaluate the phage’s performance in an acidic environment. A maximum inactivation of 3.8 log CFU/mL was observed after 9 h. The results suggest that phage KP1LMA could potentially control a UTI caused by this strain of K. pneumoniae, indicating that the same procedure can be used to control UTIs caused by other strains if new specific phages are isolated. Although phage KP1LMA has a narrow host range, in the future, efforts can be made to expand its spectrum of activity and also to combine this phage with others, potentially enabling its use against other K. pneumoniae strains involved in UTIs.

Objetivo: Compreender a maneira como o cuidador desenvolve o cuidado junto ao seu familiar com Alzheimer. Metodologia: Pesquisa descritiva de natureza qualitativa desenvolvida em 2019, sendo realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com dez cuidadores das áreas de abrangência de unidades de atenção primária à saúde (APS) do município de Juiz Fora/Minas Gerais. Resultados: Construíram-se duas categorias: O cuidado desenvolvido pelo cuidador ao seu familiar com Doença de Alzheimer (DA), e o cuidado que o cuidador tem consigo mesmo; e uma subcategoria: representação da APS para o cuidador do idoso com DA. Considerações finais: São inúmeros os desafios e possibilidades que os cuidadores enfrentam em seus cotidianos, como a má qualidade de vida resultante de sobrecargas e desgastes físicos-emocionais na prática de seus cuidados. Assim, atuação da APS torna-se essencial, pois através de suas ações pode proporcionar qualidade de vida, atuando como alicerce através do desenvolvimento de estratégias de promoção da saúde e prevenção de adoecimentos. Abstract Objective: Understanding the way caregivers develops care with their family member with Alzheimer's. Methodology: Descriptive research of a qualitative nature developed in 2019, with semi-structured interviews conducted with ten caregivers from areas covered by primary health care units (PHC) in the city of Juiz Fora/Minas Gerais. Results: Two categories were built: The care provided by the caregiver to his family member with Alzheimer's Disease (AD), and the care that the caregiver has with himself; and a subcategory: representation of PHC for caregivers of elderly people with AD. Final Considerations: There are countless challenges and possibilities that caregivers face in their daily lives, such as the poor quality of life resulting from physical-emotional overload and strain in the practice of their care. Thus, the role of the PHC becomes essential, as through its actions it can provide quality of life, acting as a foundation through the development of health promotion and disease prevention strategies.

The Amami-Sankaku Basin, located in the Philippine Sea, records approximately 50 million years of sediment accumulation and diagenesis of volcanic ash derived from the Kyushu-Palau and Kyushu-Ryukyu arcs. Analyses of porewater and sediment samples from the 1461-m core recovered at IODP Expedition 351, Site U1438, included major and trace elements, strontium radiogenic isotope ratio (87Sr/86Sr), and taxonomic identification of archaeal classes and bacterial orders. Sediment X-ray diffraction and thin section analyses show that smectite, zeolites and chlorite are the main authigenic minerals. A multicomponent solute diffusion and reaction numerical model was developed to simulate the long-term diagenesis that took place in this sedimentary sequence and to account for the transition to a calcium chloride brine at about 670 mbsf. Numerical results indicate that 45% of the initial amount of volcanic ash has been dissolved at 750 mbsf. At this depth, 13% of the initial water (H2O) in the pore space is estimated to have been transferred to the solid phase by the formation of zeolites, which accounts for an increase in porewater chloride concentration. In contrast, dissolution of anorthite and volcanic ash combined with sodium uptake by zeolites accounts for the predominance of calcium in the brine. In the upper 160 m of the sedimentary column, the electrochemical migration of solutes causes chloride to move in the opposite direction of the concentration gradient, i.e., uphill diffusion, sustaining downward diffusion of seawater chloride into the sediments.

Background. Direct pulp capping is a method designed to preserve the exposed dental pulp. Due to good biological, physical, and mechanical properties, new versions of calcium silicate-based materials have been developed as pulp capping materials. The present study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of four calcium silicate-based pulp capping materials, of which the Bio-C Repair Íon+ is still in an experimental phase. Methods. Biodentine, MTA Repair HP, Bio-C Repair, and Bio-C Repair Íon+ cements were dispensed in a metallic matrix to produce 125-mm3 specimens, which were immersed in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) to obtain extracts. NIH 3T3 cells were cultured and exposed to the extracts for 24 hours and seven days. Cell viability was assessed by the methyl tetrazolium test (MTT). The mean values for the experimental and control groups (without treatment) were compared by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc Tukey tests, considering a significance level of 5%. Results. All the tested materials demonstrated a reduction in cell viability (P

Abstract Objective To investigate in the literature the studies on the benefits ofmusic therapy interventions among pregnant women in the prenatal, delivery and postpartum periods. Data Sources The search for articles was carried out in the following electronic databases: VHL, LILACS, SciELO, Portal CAPES, PsycINFO, ERIC, PubMed/Medline, and journals specialized in this field: Revista Brasileira de Musicoterapia (“Brazilian Journal of Music Therapy”) and Voices. Study Selection Descriptors in Portuguese (musicoterapia, gravidez, gestantes, revisão), English (music therapy, pregnancy, pregnant women, review) and Spanish (musicoterapia, embarazo, mujeres embarazadas, revisión) were used. The search was delimited between January 2009 and June 2019. The process of selection and evaluation of the articles was performed through peer review. Data Collectio n The following data were extracted: article title, year of publication, journal, author(s), database, country and date of collection, purpose of the study, sample size, type of care, intervention, instruments used, results, and conclusion. The data were organized in chronological order based on the year of publication of thestudy. Summary of the Data In total, 146 articles were identified, and only 23 studies were included in this systematic review. The articles found indicate among their results relaxation, decreased levels of anxiety, psychosocial stress and depression, decreased pain, increase in the maternal bond, improvement in the quality of sleep, control of the fetal heart rate and maternal blood pressure, and decreased intake of drugs in the postoperative period. Conclusion Music therapy during the prenatal, delivery and postpartum periods can provide benefits to pregnant women and newborns, thus justifying its importance in this field.

Abstract Objectives: evaluate breastfeeding self-efficacy and its associated factors in puerperal women assisted at a public health system in Brazil. Methods: it is a cross-sectional analytical study, with convenience sampling and two instruments: sociodemographic, personal and clinical, and Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale (BSES-SF), applied to puerperal women in a puerperal outpatient clinic at two public maternity hospitals in Goiânia/GO, from September to November 2019. Inclusion criteria: mothers in puerperal period, age above 18 years, children born at term and on exclusive breastfeeding. Exclusion criteria: report depression and premature wean. Results: 128puerperal women were interviewed. The average age was 26.7 (± 5.9) years old. The levels of self-efficacy were high (95.3%) and no puerperal had a low level. The variables with statistical significance were: experience in breastfeeding (p= 0.0312), not having received information on breastfeeding during pregnancy (p=0.0292), did not receive other milk at the maternity (p=0.0380), did not feel pain while breastfeeding (p=0.0242), being able to breastfeed on demand (p=0.0124), presence of breast engorgement (p=0.0207), presenting protruding nipples (p=0.0427). Conclusions: clinical and personal aspects were identified as risk factors for early weaning. This can provide information for the training ofprofessionals and structuring the interventions in health services, with a view in preventing these risks.

In this study, we set out to modify poly(lactic acid) (PLA) by incorporating epoxidized ionic liquids (ILs) that were specifically designed with imidazolium-NTf2 moieties. First, we synthesized di-, tri- and tetra-epoxidized ILs, which were incorporated into a PLA matrix at 3, 5, and 10 wt% through a melt extrusion process. We investigated the relationship between the structure and properties of the resulting materials in terms of thermal, mechanical, rheological, and surface properties. The results showed the potential of ILs to impact these properties. Notably, the tri- and tetra-epoxidized ILs enhanced the thermal stability of the PLA matrix as well as the crystallinity while reducing the glass transition temperature and melting point, which is promising for reactive extrusion processing. Overall, this research opens new routes for using reactive ILs to improve the processing and properties of PLA polymers.

Introdução: A Rede Cegonha (RC) visa articular as ações materno-infantil, buscando um atendimento humanizado e integral. Porém, há desafios a serem compreendidos no processo de implementação dessa política púplica no Brasil. Objetivo: Analisar a percepção dos profissionais da Atenção Primária à Saúde sobre os desafios e suas estratégias de superação na implementação do cuidado na Rede de Atenção à Saúde e na Rede Cegonha. Métodos: Grupos focais com duas equipes Saúde da Família (eSF) e duas de Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS) que acompanham as gestantes, totalizando 35 participantes. Realizada análise de conteúdo, modalidade temática com os dados coletados. Resultados: Percebe-se que o trabalho em rede não tem funcionado no município, tendo deficiência com relação ao estabelecimento dos fluxos, com pouca capacidade de resolução das situações frente aos processos de comunicação formal. As propostas de superação dos desafios passam pela reconstrução dos fluxos, protocolos e comunicação entre os serviços, mas também num movimento de cogestão. Conclusão: Outras investigações são necessárias frente às novas políticas públicas implementadas no Brasil, o que gera desafios frente à proposta de integralidade no cuidado em saúde.

Resumo Fundamento Nos últimos anos, o recente aumento no número de procedimentos intervencionistas tem resultado em crescente preocupação em relação à exposição radiológica por pacientes e equipe médica. A avaliação da exposição dos níveis de radiação em crianças é difícil devido à grande variabilidade no peso corporal. Portanto, os valores de referência de radiação não estão bem definidos para essa população. Objetivos Avaliar e validar a razão do produto dose-área (DAP) em relação ao peso corporal como uma medida de referência de radiação em cateterismos cardíacos em crianças. Métodos Estudo multicêntrico observacional com dados do Registro Brasileiro de Cateterismo Cardíaco em Cardiopatias Congênitas (CHAIN) de março de 2013 a junho de 2014. Os critérios de inclusão foram: pacientes

Background Neurological COVID-19 disease has been reported widely, but published studies often lack information on neurological outcomes and prognostic risk factors. We aimed to describe the spectrum of neurological disease in hospitalised COVID-19 patients; characterise clinical outcomes; and investigate factors associated with a poor outcome. Methods We conducted an individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis of hospitalised patients with neurological COVID-19 disease, using standard case definitions. We invited authors of studies from the first pandemic wave, plus clinicians in the Global COVID-Neuro Network with unpublished data, to contribute. We analysed features associated with poor outcome (moderate to severe disability or death, 3 to 6 on the modified Rankin Scale) using multivariable models. Results We included 83 studies (31 unpublished) providing IPD for 1979 patients with COVID-19 and acute new-onset neurological disease. Encephalopathy (978 [49%] patients) and cerebrovascular events (506 [26%]) were the most common diagnoses. Respiratory and systemic symptoms preceded neurological features in 93% of patients; one third developed neurological disease after hospital admission. A poor outcome was more common in patients with cerebrovascular events (76% [95% CI 67–82]), than encephalopathy (54% [42–65]). Intensive care use was high (38% [35–41]) overall, and also greater in the cerebrovascular patients. In the cerebrovascular, but not encephalopathic patients, risk factors for poor outcome included breathlessness on admission and elevated D-dimer. Overall, 30-day mortality was 30% [27–32]. The hazard of death was comparatively lower for patients in the WHO European region. Interpretation Neurological COVID-19 disease poses a considerable burden in terms of disease outcomes and use of hospital resources from prolonged intensive care and inpatient admission; preliminary data suggest these may differ according to WHO regions and country income levels. The different risk factors for encephalopathy and stroke suggest different disease mechanisms which may be amenable to intervention, especially in those who develop neurological symptoms after hospital admission.

Live feed enrichments are often used in fish larvicultures as an optimized source of essential nutrients to improve larval growth and survival. In addition to this, they may also play an important role in structuring larval-associated microbial communities and may help improve their resistance to diseases. However, there is limited information available on how larval microbial communities and larviculture water are influenced by different live feed enrichments. In the present study, we investigated the effects of two commercial rotifer enrichments (ER) on turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) larval and post-larval gut-associated bacterial communities during larviculture production. We evaluated their effects on bacterial populations related to known pathogens and beneficial bacteria and their potential influence on the composition of bacterioplankton communities during larval rearing. High-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to assess the effects of different rotifer enrichments (ER1 and ER2) on the structural diversity of bacterial communities of the whole turbot larvae 10 days after hatching (DAH), the post-larval gut 30 DAH, and the larviculture water. Our results showed that different rotifer feed enrichments were associated with significant differences in bacterial composition of turbot larvae 10 DAH, but not with the composition of larval gut communities 30 DAH or bacterioplankton communities 10 and 30 DAH. However, a more in-depth taxonomic analysis showed that there were significant differences in the abundance of Vibrionales in both 10 DAH larvae and in the 30 DAH post-larval gut fed different RE diets. Interestingly, the ER1 diet had a higher relative abundance of specific amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) related to potential Vibrio-antagonists belonging to the Roseobacter clade (e.g., Phaeobacter and Ruegeria at 10 DAH and Sulfitobacter at 30 DAH). In line with this, the diet was also associated with a lower relative abundance of Vibrio and a lower mortality. These results suggest that rotifer diets can affect colonization by Vibrio members in the guts of post-larval turbot. Overall, this study indicates that live feed enrichments can have modulatory effects on fish bacterial communities during the early stages of development, which includes the relative abundances of pathogenic and antagonist taxa in larviculture systems.

The interactions established between marine microbes, namely phytoplankton–bacteria, are key to the balance of organic matter export to depth and recycling in the surface ocean. Still, their role in the response of phytoplankton to rising CO2 concentrations is poorly understood. Here, we show that the response of the cosmopolitan Emiliania huxleyi (E. huxleyi) to increasing CO2 is affected by the coexistence with bacteria. Specifically, decreased growth rate of E. huxleyi at enhanced CO2 concentrations was amplified in the bloom phase (potentially also related to nutrient concentrations) and with the coexistence with Idiomarina abyssalis (I. abyssalis) and Brachybacterium sp. In addition, enhanced CO2 concentrations also affected E. huxleyi’s cellular content estimates, increasing organic and decreasing inorganic carbon, in the presence of I. abyssalis, but not Brachybacterium sp. At the same time, the bacterial isolates only survived in coexistence with E. huxleyi, but exclusively I. abyssalis at present CO2 concentrations. Bacterial species or group-specific responses to the projected CO2 rise, together with the concomitant effect on E. huxleyi, might impact the balance between the microbial loop and the export of organic matter, with consequences for atmospheric carbon dioxide.

Marine microbiomes are prolific sources of bioactive natural products of potential pharmaceutical value. This study inspected two culture collections comprising 919 host-associated marine bacteria belonging to 55 genera and several thus-far unclassified lineages to identify isolates with potentially rich secondary metabolism and antimicrobial activities. Seventy representative isolates had their genomes mined for secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters (SM-BGCs) and were screened for antimicrobial activities against four pathogenic bacteria and five pathogenic Candida strains. In total, 466 SM-BGCs were identified, with antimicrobial peptide- and polyketide synthase-related SM-BGCs being frequently detected. Only 38 SM-BGCs had similarities greater than 70% to SM-BGCs encoding known compounds, highlighting the potential biosynthetic novelty encoded by these genomes. Cross-streak assays showed that 33 of the 70 genome-sequenced isolates were active against at least one Candida species, while 44 isolates showed activity against at least one bacterial pathogen. Taxon-specific differences in antimicrobial activity among isolates suggested distinct molecules involved in antagonism against bacterial versus Candida pathogens. The here reported culture collections and genome-sequenced isolates constitute a valuable resource of understudied marine bacteria displaying antimicrobial activities and potential for the biosynthesis of novel secondary metabolites, holding promise for a future sustainable production of marine drug leads.

Introdução: A doação de sangue é um ato capaz de salvar vidas. Quando a triagem sorológica é positiva, a bolsa de sangue é descartada. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a prevalência de descarte de bolsas de sangue em razão da positividade dos testes de triagem para sífilis. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo epidemiológico observacional, com avaliação transversal e da tendência temporal da positividade do VDRL de acordo com as variáveis epidemiológicas, a partir de dados coletados no banco de sangue do Hemocentro de Sergipe das doações ocorridas de 1 de janeiro de 2007 a 31 de dezembro de 2018. Resultados: Do total de 308.953 doações de sangue, 4.594 bolsas (1,48%) foram descartadas devido a positividade para sífilis. A positividade foi significativamente maior no sexo masculino (OR = 1,14). Houve aumento significativo da prevalência com o aumento da faixa etária, de 0,63% (IC95% 0,51-0,760 em menores de 20 anos até 4,54% (IC95% 3,88-5,30) em pessoas com 60 anos e mais. Entre o período de 2007-2011 foi identificada uma tendência de crescimento da soroprevalência para sífilis (APC = 31,4) seguida pela estabilização do número de descarte de bolsas nos últimos anos. Discussão: O estudo identifica que, apesar de ter havido um aumento significativo no período inicial, a tendência foi de estabilidade nos últimos anos avaliados. É importante destacar a falta de um exame que indique concretamente a presença ativa da sífilis, pois todos os testes podem permanecer como cicatrizes por longos períodos, mesmos em pessoas com o tratamento adequado.

Objetivo: Identificar as evidências científicas disponíveis na literatura sobre o uso de tecnologias digitais para o ensino e aprendizagem da ressuscitação cardiopulmonar. Método: Revisão integrativa da literatura realizada nas bases PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, SciELO e LILACS. Foram identificados 106 estudos e destes, apenas 8 compuseram a amostra. Resultados: As principais tecnologias identificadas e consideradas efetivas foram a simulação virtual, curso online, Telegram e HeartCodeTM, envolvendo as habilidades afetivas, cognitivas e psicomotoras. A simulação virtual foi a mais adotada e efetiva para desenvolver habilidades cognitivas, psicomotoras e afetivas. Conclusão: Este estudo contribui para a pesquisa, ensino e assistência por apresentar um arcabouço de evidências científicas quanto à articulação de tecnologias digitais e ensino da ressuscitação cardiopulmonar, expondo possibilidades pedagógicas digitais para as melhores práticas e desenvolvimento de habilidades cognitivas, psicomotoras e afetivas.

Abstract The orphan small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) ACA11 is overexpressed as a result of the t(4;14) chromosomal translocation in multiple myeloma (MM), increases reactive oxygen species, and drives cell proliferation. Like other snoRNAs, ACA11 is predominantly localized to a sub‐nuclear organelle, the nucleolus. We hypothesized that increased ACA11 expression would increase ribosome biogenesis and protein synthesis. We found that ACA11 overexpression in MM cells increased nucleolar area and number as well as argyrophilic nuclear organizing regions (AgNORs). Supporting these data, samples from t(4;14)‐positive patients had higher AgNORs scores than t(4;14)‐negative samples. ACA11 also upregulated ribosome production, pre‐47S rRNA synthesis, and protein synthesis in a ROS‐dependent manner. Lastly, ACA11 overexpression enhanced the response to proteasome inhibitor in MM cells, while no effect was found in response to high doses of melphalan. Together, these data demonstrate that ACA11 stimulates ribosome biogenesis and influences responses to chemotherapy. ACA11 may be a useful target to individualize the treatment for t(4;14)‐positive myeloma patients.

Resumo Apesar da recente notoriedade no campo da política, as fake news, ou notícias falsas, produzem efeitos também para a ciência, trazendo desafios e ameaças tanto para a compreensão e apropriação social do conhecimento, como para a confiança nos cientistas e nas instituições democráticas. Disseminadas principalmente por plataformas digitais e aplicativos de trocas de mensagens, as notícias falsas chegam, potencialmente, a todas as pessoas conectadas. Os jovens, em especial, cujas trajetórias são influenciadas pelo mundo digital, precisam lidar com o tema, ao fazerem escolhas sobre em que acreditar. A partir da proposta de Kahan (2008, 2010, 2015) para a tese da cognição cultural, este artigo apresenta estudo que envolveu a realização de cinco grupos focais com jovens residentes em Belém, Pará. Os resultados mostram, entre outros, insegurança e dificuldade em identificar o que é verdadeiro e em quem confiar quando tratamos de notícias que circulam pela internet. Mostram também a importância das redes offline para checagem de informações, que o veículo de origem da informação é critério de credibilidade e que há predisposição a compartilhar conteúdos que corroboram pontos de vista. De forma geral, os dados contribuem para a compreensão do tema e abrem possibilidades para investigações futuras sobre desinformação.

The Demêni-Mocidade domain (DMD) comprises a large area of granitoid rocks, located on the border between the states of Roraima and Amazonas, Brazil, within the inner part of the Ventuari-Tapajós Province of the Amazonian Craton, where large amounts of granitoid rocks, formed between 2.0-1.8 Ga, are predominant. This study examines six granite samples collected from the Mocidade and Demêni mountains, which are related in time to the Uatumã Silicic Large Igneous Province (SLIP), which, in turn, covers several tectonostratigraphic domains whose evolution is associated with an intercontinental setting, allowing a common association with I- and A-type granitoid rocks formed within the same 1.88 to 1.87 Ga time interval. These rocks are monzogranites and correspond petrographically to holocrystalline anisotropic lithotypes with fine to medium grain sizes. Their textural relationships, including some lithotypes containing phenocrysts with oscillatory zoning and resorbed rims, indicate that crystallization occurred at subvolcanic or hypabyssal depths. Moreover, the association between plutonic and subvolcanic rocks in the same suite shows variations in the crustal development of the magmatic chambers. The granitoids of the DMD share a common geochemical signature with those of the Água Branca Suite, which occurs within the Uatumã and Trombetas-Erepecuru domains of the Guiana Shield, suggesting that their crystallization occurred in similar magmatic chambers. Six U-Pb zircon ages show that most zircon crystals are concordant and the few ones which are discordant are well aligned along Discordia straight lines descending to zero. The calculated Concordia ages, covering the 1884 to 1877 Ma interval, agree within experimental error, indicating a probably similar crystallization age. Such apparent age values, close to 1900 Ma for the DMD, made it possible for the domain of the Uatumã SLIP to spread to the West, and the area of the Ventuari-Tapajós Province could extend towards the Amazonas State of Venezuela. Finally, the coexistence between I- and A-type granitoids in the DMD, with ages within the range 1.88-1.87 Ga, stimulates a discussion, and there are three possibilities: (1) The calc-alkaline magmatism can be associated with late (post-collisional) processes related to subduction. (2) The granitoid rocks are formed in an intracontinental setting under more stable (post-orogenic) tectonic conditions. (3) The granitoid rocks are predominantly formed by A-type and alkaline magmatism in intraplate settings.

Identificar os efeitos do jejum intermitente, em animais e humanos obesos, analisando também as consequências após a sua realização, como a manutenção do peso perdido e suas possíveis contraindicações. Para a realização dessa pesquisa verificou-se artigos associados a estudos clínicos no contexto de artigos originais da literatura a partir das bases de dados National Library of Medicine (PUBMED), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), e Google Acadêmico, com estudos que equivaleram ao período de 2009 a 2019. Utilizando-se os descritores a seguir: Intermittent Fasting (Jejum Intermitente), Caloric Restriction (Restrição Calórica), e Obesity (Obesidade), nos idiomas inglês e português. Foram selecionados 17 artigos no contexto descrito. O jejum intermitente favoreceu a redução do peso, pressão arterial, hormônio grelina, redução de alguns indicadores que aumentam o aparecimento de doenças cardiovasculares, como lipoproteína de baixa densidade (LDL), mas possui efeitos adversos e contraindicações. O Jejum intermitente (JI) é eficaz para perda de peso a curto prazo, todavia o JI não se mostrou tão vantajoso a longo prazo comparado a dietas restritas, precisando de mais estudos para compreender os efeitos a extensos períodos, pois poucos estudos estavam descritos nos artigos apresentados.

Objetivo: desenvolver Tecnologia Educacional Digital (vídeo de simulação) sobre Ressuscitação Cardiopulmonar no adulto em Suporte Básico de Vida com o uso do Desfibrilador Externo Automático no ambiente hospitalar. Metodologia: trata-se de uma pesquisa de produção tecnológica, aplicada. Desenvolvida na Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, no período de janeiro de 2017 a março de 2018. Expertises na área de Urgência e Emergência, 16 enfermeiros, participaram do estudo. Estatística AC1 foi utilizada para avaliar a concordância inter-avaliadores. Resultados: o roteiro/script e storyboard foi validado e alcançado 100% da avaliação em “concordo” ou “concordo fortemente”. Classificados em “concordância considerável”, com AC1 0,70 e p

O objetivo desse estudo foi caracterizar a ocorrência de predação a rebanhos domésticos em pequenas propriedades rurais do entorno de áreas protegidas da Mata Atlântica do Estado de Pernambuco, Brasil. Ao todo, foram visitadas 11 pequenas propriedades próximas à Estação Ecológica de Tapacurá (n=6), em São Lourenço da Mata, e à área protegida da 10ª Brigada de Infantaria Motorizada (n=5), em Recife. Nas propriedades, foram aplicados questionários aos proprietários, no intuito de obter dados sobre os ataques ocorridos aos animais domésticos por animais silvestres, assim como, obter informações sobre as características ambientais da propriedade, espécies criadas, tamanho do rebanho, sistemas de criação e manejo adotado. Em 54,5% (6/11) das propriedades foram relatados casos de predação. As galinhas foram predadas em 60% (9/15) dos casos e os cachorros-do-mato (Cerdocyon thous) foram os principais predadores de animais domésticos, responsáveis por 40% (4/15) dos ataques. Foi observada correlação negativa entre a ocorrência de predação e a presença de cercas-vivas na propriedade, e positiva entre ocorrência de predação e distância da propriedade em relação à área protegida e fontes naturais de água na propriedade.

The effect of red quinoa seed extract obtained by soxhlet (RQ-S) on scopolamine (SCP)-induced memory deficits in the object recognition task in mice was evaluated, as well as the involvement of oxidative stress and AChE activity. Four quinoa extracts were obtained: two from white quinoa and two from red quinoa, extracted by soxhlet or shaking. The content of total phenolic compounds (TPC), total flavonoids (TF) and antioxidant activity was determined in the four extracts. The RQ-S showed the highest TPC and TF content and antioxidant activity compared with the others quinoa extracts. The administration of RQ-S prevented memory deficit, changes of AChE activity and oxidative stress indicators (SOD, catalase, TBARS and ROS) induced by SCP, in the hippocampus and partially in the cerebral cortex. These results provide evidence that RQ-S is an alternative to protect SCP-induced memory deficits in mice, and suggest the involvement of oxidative stress and AChE activity.

No hodierno contexto, é perceptível a preocupação das instituições de ensino superior em disponibilizar e disseminar em ambientes digitais suas produções científicas por meio dos Repositórios Institucionais (RI). No âmbito dos Institutos Federais (IFs), tal demanda vem ganhando espaço nas discussões e percebe-se a necessidade premente de ampliar ações que contribuam com o Movimento da Ciência Aberta na Rede Federal de Educação Profissional, Científica e Tecnológica (RFEPCT). Dentre os IFs, o Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN) foi pioneiro na implantação do RI e, em 2015, lançou o Memoria que tem como finalidade armazenar, preservar, disseminar e ampliar o acesso as produções acadêmico e científicas em formato digital. Busca ainda reunir o conjunto das produções artísticas e administrativas deste Instituto Federal, a fim de aumentar seu impacto da investigação, a visibilidade de seus pesquisadores, possibilitar a transparência com a gestão dos recursos públicos, bem como garantir a preservação da memória intelectual do IFRN (MEMORIA, 2019). Tendo em vista a importância desses ambientes digitais faz-se necessário que as instituições desenvolvam um planejamento adequado focado na acessibilidade e usabilidade do repositório, de modo que facilitem a interação entre o usuário, a plataforma e o acesso a informação. Ademais, disponibilizar a informação de forma ágil, precisa e de maneira estruturada é requisito fundamental para as instituições. Assim, torna-se essencial avaliar se esses ambientes digitais estão plenamente usuais e acessíveis para os usuários. Neste contexto, a Arquitetura da Informação (AI) objetiva facilitar a organização da informação por meio de elementos e processos que auxiliem os usuários a acessarem e se apropriarem da informação de forma mais fácil e clara. O uso dos elementos da AI na estruturação de websites possibilita uma forma mais efetiva de recuperação e disseminação da informação. Segundo Marinho (2012, p. 13), o papel principal da AI é “tornar a navegação, organização, busca e uso em sistemas de informação, o mais simples, claro e direto possível para que o usuário consiga encontrar a informação que necessita”. Assim, a presente pesquisa em andamento busca investigar a aplicabilidade dos elementos da AI presentes no Memoria, com o intuito de verificar se a estrutura informacional do RI se encontra de acordo com os princípios da AI. Quanto aos procedimentos metodológicos utilizados fez-se uso da pesquisa bibliográfica como aporte teórico para subsidiar esta pesquisa. Em seguida, proceder-se-á ao levantamento que será realizado a partir da verificação do ambiente informacional à luz dos sistemas da AI propostos por Rosenfeld, Morville e Arango (2015), a saber: organização, navegação, rotulagem, busca e representação. Este estudo torna-se relevante por contribuir com a verificação prática dos conceitos da AI, os quais estão intimamente relacionados ao campo da Ciência da Informação, no âmbito dos ambientes informacionais digitais, especificamente nos repositórios institucionais. Além disso, espera-se que esta pesquisa sirva de subsídio para outros IFs que estão na fase de planejamento e implementação de seus repositórios institucionais.

O Repositório Institucional (RI) do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN), o Memoria, conforme a sua Política Institucional de Informação Técnico-Científica objetiva reunir as produções acadêmicas, científicas, artísticas e administrativas do Instituto, a fim de aumentar seu impacto da investigação, sua visibilidade e de seus pesquisadores. Desde a implantação do RI, a Biblioteca do campus Natal – Zona Norte vem desenvolvendo ações positivas objetivando o alinhamento com as diretrizes institucionais, assim, destacamos algumas destas que apontamos como boas práticas. Com relação ao deposito de Trabalhos de Conclusão de Curso (TCC), após envio de proposta de Instrução Normativa para os campi pelo Comitê Gestor, iniciou-se, por meio de processo administrativo local, ampla discussão do documento. A princípio em reunião com os coordenadores de curso e, posteriormente, em Colegiado da Diretoria Acadêmica com a apresentação e os esclarecimentos para a comunidade docente e setores administrativos vinculados ao ensino, em última etapa sendo aprovado pelo Conselho Escolar do Campus. Neste diálogo coletivo foi construído o fluxo de deposito dos TCCs do Campus, deixando a biblioteca e a secretaria acadêmica de receberem os documentos em formato impresso e passando estes a estarem disponíveis no repositório. O retorno positivo desta ação facilitou a divulgação em reuniões pedagógicas e em Semanas de Integração e Pesquisa. Sobre a Semana de Integração, a biblioteca apresenta aos novos alunos os serviços oferecidos pelo setor, dentre eles destacamos o RI e enfatizamos a sua relevância para a instituição e para a comunidade científica. Com relação a Semana de Pesquisa, exibimos o RI como fonte de informação confiável, além de pontuar considerações significativas sobre estatísticas de uso e o impacto para a ciência. Outro trabalho colaborativo desenvolvido pela biblioteca juntamente com docentes, foi a construção de um plano de marketing para o RI. A coordenação da biblioteca do Campus assumiu a coorientação do TCC desenvolvido por um ex-bolsista do setor e aluno do Curso Técnico em Comércio. Após a conclusão, a produção acadêmcia foi apresentada no XX Seminário Nacional de Bibliotecas Universitárias (SNBU), no ano de 2018 na cidade de Salvador/BA, Brasil. Ainda sobre as ações em benefício ao RI, o Campus, mais uma vez por intermédio da Biblioteca, desenvolveu um projeto de pesquisa sobre interoperabilidade entre sistemas, sendo o próprio Dspace e o Sistema Unificado de Administração Pública (SUAP), objetivando ampliar o povoamento do RI, melhorar o fluxo administrativo de deposito de TCCs e maximizar a divulgação da produção científica institucional. O projeto de pesquisa foi apresentado na 9ª ConfOA, no ano de 2018 em Lisboa, Portugal, e envolveu a coordenação da biblioteca, alunos do curso Superior em Informática e bibliotecária de outro campus da instituição. Diante do exposto, consideramos que as ações desenvolvidas localmente promoveram a sensibilização, facilitando a aceitação do RI, além de ter contribuído para a visibilidade pela comunidade local. Entendemos que o diálogo sistemático com a comunidade é fator considerado essencial para o sucesso de um RI e contribui também para a compreensão da sua relevância para a ciência aberta.

We analyzed the production of collagen in the heart of hypertensive rats induced by L-name. Methods: Cardiac imaging of 5 groups: NT, hypertension induced by L-name, L-name and 10 mg L-arginine, L-name and 30 mg L-arginine and L-name and 100 mg L-arginine. Quantification of COL by histology with picrosirius CFC_Image v. 2.0. Calibration of the software by selecting values of hue, saturation and HSI intensity in the reference image, use of the software in the images used. Results: The images did not present statistical differences in any of the HSI sets, indicating that the calibration of the software is valid for the study. Doses greater than 30 mg of L-arginine showed a greater reduction in the collagen areas, indicating a greater protection of the cardiac structures in hypertension. Conclusion: CFC_Image v. 2.0. The accuracy demonstrated in the quantification of COL, L-arginine supplementation promoted protective effects in murine models of hypertension.

Tourism destination competitiveness analysis benefits from a growing number of theoretical and applied developments. To support competitiveness strategies and despite the paraphernalia of competitiveness indexes available, there is not just a single set of indicators that can be used for all destinations at all times. The COMPETITIVTOUR model, developed since 2009 is applied to the south of Portugal versus the Mediterranean regions of Spain, a geographical area that aggregates 14 provinces, 20.2 million inhabitants and 180.1 million overnight stays. COMPETITIVTOUR’s objective is to create and apply a territorial assessment model, adapted to the common specificities of these regions, aiming to assist in guiding the complex task of destination competiveness management, with inputs from 25 official producers of information from Portugal and Spain. The outputs are aggregated in three main topics: territory management, markets, and resources&products. Critical areas were identified, with emphasis on the growing seasonality of demand, the market demand and supply adjustment and accommodation prices.

The choroid plexus is an important blood barrier that secretes cerebrospinal fluid, which essential for embryonic brain development and adult brain homeostasis. The OTX2 homeoprotein is a transcription factor that is critical for choroid plexus development and remains highly expressed in adult choroid plexus. Through RNA sequencing analyses of constitutive and conditional knockdown adult mouse models, we reveal putative functional roles for OTX2 in adult choroid plexus function, including cell signaling and adhesion, and show that OTX2 regulates the expression of factors that are secreted into the cerebrospinal fluid, notably transthyretin. We also show that Otx2 expression impacts choroid plexus immune and stress responses, and affects splicing, leading to changes in the mRNA isoforms of proteins that are implicated in the oxidative stress response and DNA repair. Through mass spectrometry analysis of OTX2 protein partners in the choroid plexus, and in known non-cell-autonomous target regions, such as the visual cortex and subventricular zone, we identify putative targets that are involved in cell adhesion, chromatin structure, and RNA processing. Thus, OTX2 retains important roles for regulating choroid plexus function and brain homeostasis throughout life.

Baseado em delineamento descritivo exploratório, nosso objetivo foi discutir sobre o enfrentamento da prematuridade com base na investigação de relações entre estresse materno, estratégias de enfrentamento e variáveis sociodemográficas de mães de crianças entre 0 e 3 anos, atendidas no serviço de follow-up da Maternidade escola da UFRJ. Todas responderam a Escala Modos de Enfrentamento do Problema e o Inventário de Sinais e Sintomas de Stress. Correlações estatísticas significativas não foram encontradas entre as variáveis estudadas; entretanto, 57.2% apresentaram estresse em diferentes níveis. A estratégia de enfrentamento mais prevalente foi o “foco no problema” para mães com e sem sintomas de estresse. Conclui-se que esse tipo de estratégia seria a mais comum no enfrentamento da prematuridade, porque ajuda a mãe na sua preocupação primária com a condição médica do filho.

Este artigo apresenta reflexões sobre uma proposta de “Laboratório de Aperfeiçoamento da Pronúncia”, um espaço criado para atender cantores do Movimento Coral Feevale que apresentavam dificuldades na emissão vocal e na pronúncia de canções na língua inglesa. As atividades propostas buscaram dar suporte aos coralistas quanto à pronúncia das canções que integravam o repertório dos grupos. Para a montagem das estratégias de ensino partimos de algumas prováveis dificuldades de pronúncia que são levantadas a partir de estudos da aquisição de língua inglesa por falantes do português brasileiro. Observamos durante as atividades propostas, nos ensaios do coro, e na performance do grupo que nem todas as predições de dificuldades na fala ocorreram de fato no cantar, bem como nem todas as dificuldades do cantar foram encontradas no falar. Essas diferenças suscitam novas reflexões e estudos sobre a pronúncia da língua inglesa na voz cantada. Palavras-chave: Fonética. Língua Inglesa. Pronúncia. Canto. ABSTRACT This paper presents reflections about the “Pronunciation Improvement Laboratory” proposal, a space created to attend the Feevale University’s Choir Movement singers who were finding difficult to vocalize and pronounce songs in English. The proposed activities were seeking to support the choristers in the pronunciation of the songs that composed the groups’ repertoire. In order to assemble the teaching strategies, we started from some probable difficulties on pronunciation that were raised from English language acquisition by Brazilian Portuguese speakers studies. We observed during the proposed activities, during the choir rehearsals and on the group performance as well that not all predictions of speech difficulties have actually occurred while singing, nor did all singing difficulties were found in speaking. These differences give rise to new reflections and studies about pronunciation in English while singing. Keywords: Phonetics. English Language. Pronunciation. Singing.

Objective: to describe the sociodemographic and clinical women with HELLP. Method: descriptive, quantitative approach of retrospective consists of all 52 records of women with HELLP syndrome from 2008 to 2012. Results: the sociodemographic characteristics revealed the following variables: the average age was 27.10 years; mixed race / color (65.4%); married (44.2%); Catholic (65.4%); from the interior of Piauí (51.9%); elementary school (38.5%); without gainful activity (46.2%). As for the clinical characterization it was found that the gestational risk factors highlighted were other factors (48.7%); prenatal ignored (51.9%); complications associated there was prevalence of hypertension (81.1%) and clinical manifestations more evident: blood pressure greater than 150X100mmHg (78%); edema (74%) and headache (48%). Conclusion: the results show the relationship between sociodemographic and clinical.

Introduction: Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus types I/II (HTLV-I/II) have heterogeneous distribution worldwide and are endemic in some places. Both viruses can be sexually transmitted through blood transfusions, shared use of syringes and needles, and from mother to child during pregnancy, breastfeeding, and at the time of delivery. In Brazil, HTLV I/II screening has been part of the mandatory national blood donation since 1988. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of HTLV I and II antibodies in blood donors residing at the state of Sergipe. Methods: This is an observational epidemiological study performed with the results of HTLV I/II screening serology of blood donors at the public blood center of the state of Sergipe, from January 1st, 2007 to December 31st, 2018. Statistical analysis was performed with the use of free software R, and descriptive analysis and evaluation of the trend of seroprevalence for HTLV I/II in the period. Results: Of the 303,589 blood samples analyzed, 691 (0.23%) were positive for HTLV I/II, with the highest prevalence among females (0.29%). Prevalence increased with age, reaching 0.40% of 50-year-old and older people. Replacement donors had a higher prevalence (0.28%), compared to volunteers (0.17%) and those summoned (0.06%). There was a steady trend in prevalence between 2007-2011, decreasing from 2012-2018. Conclusion: The findings also indicate factors associated with a higher prevalence of HTLV I/II, such as gender and age group. Despite the current decreasing trend among donors, it is important to evaluate populations other than blood donors, as the donor selection criteria influence the positivity of the samples.

Objective: To construct and validate a questionnaire related to adult cardiopulmonary resuscitation in Basic Life Support, using the Automatic External Defibrillator, in the hospital environment.Methodology: applied study, conducted at the University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, from January 2017 to March 2018. Participants were 16 Urgency and Emergency experts, with Fehring’s criteria used to select them. The rules of the National Council of Medical Examiners manual and guidelines of the American Heart Association were applied. Descriptive statistics and inter-rater agreement analysis through Gwet’s AC1 were used. The questionnaire was validated in relation to organization, objectivity and clarity.Results: a validated questionnaire with 20 multiple choice questions with “almost perfect” inter-rater agreement was produced.Conclusion: the questionnaire was shown to be valid for use as an assessment instrument on the subject addressed.

Objective: to evaluate the practices of the multidisciplinary team in monitoring supplemental oxygen offered to newborns. Methods: cross-sectional study with data from an observational instrument related to oxygen supply monitoring. Data collection occurred within one month, in the morning shift, and involved the observation of the practice of 104 professionals during a total of 22 days, and the checking of 188 monitors by the researcher. Results:the ratio monitors in the correct setting/monitors turned off or with altered setting resulted in a median of 0.43 and a standard deviation of 0.17.That is, 57.0% of the monitors were not properly set up. It was noteworthy that monitoring and blender were used in 100.0% of the newborns. Conclusion: it was found that the practices developed by the multidisciplinary team in this institution are in agreement with the Brazilian Society of Pediatrics, as monitoring and blender were used in all newborns receiving supplemental oxygen.

The increased prevalence and severity of academic-related distress is of significant concern on college campuses. Of particular relevance to instructors is the anxiety relating to classroom teaching and evaluation practices. Sources of evaluation anxiety include student uncertainty about the nature of the expected demands as well as their ability to meet these demands. This report presents work from a pilot study investigating correlations between evaluation anxiety and perceived evaluation fidelity for different evaluation techniques across four different disciplines. We also examined the potential mediating role of academic self-efficacy in the relationship between anxiety and expected grade. Our results provide insight into methods to reduce anxiety and increase performance: should instructors focus their efforts on modifying their evaluation tools or increasing academic self-efficacy? La prévalence et la gravité accrues de la détresse liée aux études sont une préoccupation importante sur les campus universitaires. L'angoisse liée aux pratiques d'enseignement et d'évaluation en classe est particulièrement importante pour les instructeurs. Les sources d'angoisse de l'évaluation comprennent l'incertitude des étudiants quant à la nature des demandes attendues ainsi que leur capacité à répondre à ces demandes. Ce rapport présente les résultats d'une étude pilote portant sur les corrélations entre l'anxiété de l'évaluation et la fidélité à l'évaluation perçue pour différentes techniques d'évaluation dans quatre disciplines différentes. Nous avons également examiné le rôle médiateur potentiel de l'auto-efficacité académique dans la relation entre l'anxiété et le grade attendu. Nos résultats donnent un aperçu des méthodes permettant de réduire l’anxiété et d’augmenter les performances: les instructeurs devraient-ils concentrer leurs efforts sur la modification de leurs outils d’évaluation ou sur l’amélioration de leur efficacité personnelle?

There is a growing consensus that future technological developments of aquaculture systems should account for the structure and function of microbial communities in the whole system and not only in fish guts. In this study, we aimed to investigate the composition of bacterioplankton communities of a hatchery recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) used for the production of Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) juveniles. To this end, we used a 16S rRNA gene based denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and pyrosequencing analyses to characterize the bacterioplankton communities of the RAS and its water supply. Overall, the most abundant orders were Alteromonadales, Rhodobacterales, Oceanospirillales, Vibrionales, Flavobacteriales, Lactobacillales, Thiotrichales, Burkholderiales and Bdellovibrionales. Although we found a clear distinction between the RAS and the water supply bacterioplankton communities, most of the abundant OTUs (≥50 sequences) in the hatchery RAS were also present in the water supply. These included OTUs related to Pseudoalteromonas genus and the Roseobacter clade, which are known to comprise bacterial members with activity against Vibrio fish pathogens. Overall, in contrast to previous findings for sole grow-out RAS, our results suggest that the water supply may influence the bacterioplankton community structure of sole hatchery RAS. Further studies are needed to investigate the effect of aquaculture practices on RAS bacterioplankton communities and identification of the key drivers of their structure and diversity.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex central nervous system inflammatory disease leading to demyelination and associated functional deficits. Though endogenous remyelination exists, it is only partial and, with time, patients can enter a progressive phase of the disease, with neurodegeneration as a hallmark. Though major therapeutic advances have been made, with immunotherapies reducing relapse rate during the inflammatory phase of MS, there is presently no therapy available which significantly impacts disease progression. Remyelination has been shown to favor neuroprotection, and it is thus of major importance to better understand remyelination mechanisms in order to promote them and hence preserve neurons. A crucial point is how this process is regulated through the neuronal crosstalk with the oligodendroglial lineage. In this review, we present the current knowledge on neuron interaction with the oligodendroglial lineage, in physiological context as well as in MS and its experimental models. We further discuss the therapeutic possibilities resulting from this research field, which might allow to support remyelination and neuroprotection and thus limit MS progression.

The antifungal activity of tacrolimus in combination with antifungal agents against different fungal species has been previously reported. Here we report the in vitro interactions between tacrolimus and amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole, and caspofungin against 30 clinical isolates of both fluconazole-susceptible and fluconazole-resistant Trichosporon asahii. For these analyses, we used the broth microdilution method based on the M27-A3 technique and checkerboard microdilution method. Tacrolimus showed no activity against T. asahii strains (minimal inhibitory concentrations, MICs > 64.0 μg mL−1). However, a larger synergistic interaction was observed by the combinations tacrolimus + amphotericin B (96.67%) and tacrolimus + caspofungin (73.33%) against fluconazole-susceptible isolates. Combinations with azole antifungal agents resulted in low rates of synergism for this group (fluconazole + tacrolimus = 40% and itraconazole + tacrolimus = 10%). Antagonistic interactions were not observed. For the fluconazole-resistant T. asahii group, all tested combinations showed indifferent interactions. The synergism showed against fluconazole-susceptible T. asahii isolates suggests that the potential antifungal activity of tacrolimus deserves in vivo experimental investigation, notably, the combination of tacrolimus with amphotericin B or caspofungin. Keywords: Susceptibility, FK506, Resistance, Synergism

A Educação Profissional (EP) no Brasil tem se constituído ao longo do tempo como campo científico, sendo o reflexo desta configuração apresentada pelos pesquisadores da área em produções científicas, sejam em artigos de periódicos, dissertações, teses entre outros. Apresenta como objetivo principal o mapeamento da produção do conhecimento sobre Educação Profissional relevado pelo Portal de Periódicos da Capes através de artigos científicos. Explana sobre o Portal e a importância da comunicação científica através da materialização dos periódicos científicos, que contribui para o desenvolvimento da ciência. Relata os primeiros resultados alcançados sobre o estudo da configuração do campo da EP no Brasil através do mapeamento da produção sobre a EP, a identificação dos pesquisadores e os periódicos de onde apartem as publicações. Utiliza o método exploratório para o levantamento das produções com a abordagem qualitativa. Conclui-se que este tipo de produção contribui para a compreensão da configuração de um determinado campo de conhecimento.

Resumo: OBJETIVO: caracterizar a percepção e a conduta de docentes do ensino fundamental diante de alterações de linguagem oral e escrita dos alunos. MÉTODOS: trata-se de um estudo descritivo de corte transversal que utilizado um questionário de oito questões mistas. Em cada questão foi apresentado um caso hipotético que abordava desenvolvimento ou alteração da linguagem oral ou escrita. Os professores responderam a percepção diante dos casos e a conduta de encaminhamentos. RESULTADOS: a amostra consistiu de 48 docentes do ensino fundamental, com idade média de 40,3 anos e tempo de atuação docente com média de 8,7 anos. As análises das respostas mostram que os professores possuem maior percepção sobre alterações da linguagem oral do que da linguagem escrita. Quanto à condutas de encaminhamentos, o profissional de referência mais citado foi o fonoaudiólogo seguido do psicólogo. CONCLUSÕES: os professores pesquisados apresentam maior percentual de percepção prática sobre as alterações na fluência e na fonologia e pouca percepção em linguagem escrita. A diferença das respostas dos professores entre as questões de casos hipotéticos de alterações da linguagem oral e alterações da linguagem escrita gerou subsídios quantitativos que possibilitam uma reflexão na elaboração temática de programas de formação para os professores.

this research has identified Brazilian hosting networks through infrastructure services indicators that it was sold to tourists in organizations that form these networks. The theory consulted the discussion of structural techniques present in Social Network Analysis. The study has three stages: documental research, creation of Tourism database and interviews. The results identified three networks with the highest expression in Brazil formed by hotels, lodges, and resorts. Different char-acteristics of infrastructure and services were observed between hosting networks. Future studies suggest a comparative analysis of structural indicators present in other segments of tourism services, as well as the existing international influ-ence on the development of the Brazilian hosting networks.

A dor é uma sensação de desconforto sentida pela maioria dos pacientes no pós-operatório de cirurgias abdominais e torácicas. O presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a dor em pacientes adultos no pós-operatório de cirurgias abdominais e torácicas, em um hospital de referência em atendimentos de urgência e emergência no município de Imperatriz – MA, por meio do projeto de extensão universitária intitulado PROJETO DE EDUCAÇÃO SOBRE EXERCÍCIOS RESPIRATÓRIOS: promovendo educação em saúde aos profissionais de enfermagem e clientes no pré e pós-operatório – PEER da Universidade Federal do Maranhão - UFMA. O PEER desenvolve atividades de educação em saúde e aplicação de exercícios respiratórios; entretanto, um fator limitante para a realização dos exercícios respiratórios é a dor manifestada pelos pacientes. Desenvolveu-se um estudo do tipo transversal retrospectiva de abordagem quantitativa. A amostra foi constituída por 37 pacientes de ambos os sexos submetidos a cirurgias abdominais e torácicas. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se um questionário semiestruturado elaborado pela equipe do PEER, contendo dados socioculturais, bem como o nível de dor sentida através da Escala Numérica Verbal. Segundo os dados obtidos pela Escala Numérica Verbal, 27,03% dos pacientes apresentaram dor intensa no pós-operatório. Os achados apresentados permitem deduzir que a dor tem enfoque relevante pelo seu envolvimento no estado geral do paciente comprometendo a atuação dos extensionistas.