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7. Raw data: Group level and individual activity of broiler chickens hatched in 3 different systems

Author

Giersberg, Mona F., Molenaar, R., de Jong, I.C., De Baere, Kris, Kemp, B., van den Brand, H., Rodenburg, T.B., Giersberg, Mona F., Molenaar, R., de Jong, I.C., De Baere, Kris, Kemp, B., van den Brand, H., and Rodenburg, T.B.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of 3 hatching systems on flock activity using a commercial tracking system, and to compare these findings to individual activity measured under experimental conditions. As this experiment was part of a larger study, it was possible to investigate the effects of vaccination on individual activity. In study 1, flock activity was measured in chickens that hatched either conventionally in the hatchery (HH), in a system which provided nutrition in the hatcher (HF), or on-farm (OH). Chickens were reared in 2 batches, in 12 pens/batch (1,155 animals/pen). One camera recorded top-view images of each pen. A daily activity index (moved pixels/total pixels x 100) was calculated by automated image analysis. In study 2, individual activity was measured under experimental conditions using an ultra-wideband (UWB) system. Chickens from the 3 hatching systems were reared in 3 pens (one pen/treatment, 30 animals/pen). At d14, UWB-tags were attached to 5 chickens/pen, which tracked the distances moved (DM)., The aim of this study was to assess the effects of 3 hatching systems on flock activity using a commercial tracking system, and to compare these findings to individual activity measured under experimental conditions. As this experiment was part of a larger study, it was possible to investigate the effects of vaccination on individual activity. In study 1, flock activity was measured in chickens that hatched either conventionally in the hatchery (HH), in a system which provided nutrition in the hatcher (HF), or on-farm (OH). Chickens were reared in 2 batches, in 12 pens/batch (1,155 animals/pen). One camera recorded top-view images of each pen. A daily activity index (moved pixels/total pixels x 100) was calculated by automated image analysis. In study 2, individual activity was measured under experimental conditions using an ultra-wideband (UWB) system. Chickens from the 3 hatching systems were reared in 3 pens (one pen/treatment, 30 animals/pen). At d14, UWB-tags were attached to 5 chickens/pen, which tracked the distances moved (DM).

Published
2023

8. Group level and individual activity of broiler chickens hatched in 3 different systems

Author

Giersberg, Mona F., Molenaar, R., de Jong, I.C., De Baere, Kris, Kemp, B., van den Brand, H., Rodenburg, T.B., Giersberg, Mona F., Molenaar, R., de Jong, I.C., De Baere, Kris, Kemp, B., van den Brand, H., and Rodenburg, T.B.

Abstract

Information on the behavior of chickens hatched in different systems is limited and inconsistent across different studies. Changes in broiler activity can be measured automatically and continuously. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of 3 hatching systems on flock activity using a commercial tracking system, and to compare these findings to individual activity measured under experimental conditions. As this experiment was part of a larger study, it was possible to investigate the effects of vaccination on individual activity. In study 1, flock activity was measured in chickens that hatched either conventionally in the hatchery (HH), in a system which provided nutrition in the hatcher (HF), or on-farm (OH). Chickens were reared in 2 batches, in 12 pens/batch (1,155 animals/pen). One camera recorded top-view images of each pen. A daily activity index (moved pixels/total pixels × 100) was calculated by automated image analysis. In study 2, individual activity was measured under experimental conditions using an ultra-wideband (UWB) system. Chickens from the 3 hatching systems were reared in 3 pens (1 pen/treatment, 30 animals/pen). At d14, UWB-tags were attached to 5 chickens/pen, which tracked the distances moved (DM). In study 1, group level activity showed a significant age × hatching system interaction (F8,752= 5.83, P < 0.001). HH and HF chickens showed higher activity levels than OH chickens in wk 1, 4, and 5. In wk 3, higher activity levels were measured in HH compared to HF, and in HF compared to OH pens. In contrast, HH chickens in small groups in study 2 showed lower DM than HF and OH chickens in wk 3 (P < 0.001). DM did not differ between treatments before vaccination, however, thereafter, HH chickens showed longer DM, whereas HF and OH chickens moved less. The results indicate that hatching system affected broiler activity at specific ages. Effects found at flock level could not be reproduced by individual measurements in study 2, although stock

Published
2023

10. Changes in body composition and energetic efficiency in response to growth curve and dietary energy-to-protein ratio in broiler breeders

Author

Heijmans, J., Beijer, E., Duijster, M., Kemp, B., Kwakkel, R.P., Gerrits, W.J.J., van den Brand, H., Heijmans, J., Beijer, E., Duijster, M., Kemp, B., Kwakkel, R.P., Gerrits, W.J.J., and van den Brand, H.

Abstract

Body composition plays an important role in reproduction in broiler breeders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dynamics in body composition and energetic efficiency in broiler breeders, using different dietary strategies. About 1,536-day-old pullets were randomly allotted to 24 pens in a 2 × 4 factorial design with 2 growth curves (standard or elevated (+15%)) and 4 diets, with a step-wise increment in energy (96, 100, 104, and 108% apparent metabolizable energy nitrogen corrected [AMEn]) fed on a pair-gain basis. Body composition was determined at 10 time points from 0 to 60 wk of age. Body protein mass was linearly related to body weight (BW) in growing breeders, which can be expressed as −6.4+0.184*BW (R2 = 0.99; P < 0.001). Body fat mass was exponentially related to BW in growing breeders, which can be expressed as −42.2+50.8*1.0006BW (R2 = 0.98; P < 0.001). A higher energy-to-protein ratio resulted in higher body fat mass at the same BW (P < 0.001). Sexual maturation was related to body protein mass at 21 wk of age, where each 100 g of body protein mass extra advanced sexual maturation by 5.4 d (R2 = 0.83). Estimates of energetic efficiency for growth (kg) and egg production (ke) appeared not constant, but varied with age in a quadratic manner between 0.27 and 0.54 for kg and between 0.28 and 0.56 for ke. The quadratic relationship could be expressed as kg=0.408−0.0319*Age+0.00181*Age2 (R2 = 0.72; P < 0.001) and ke=−0.211+0.034*Age−0.00042*Age2 (R2 = 0.46; P < 0.001). Body protein mass in broiler breeders is tightly regulated and mainly depended on BW and seems to be the main determinant for sexual maturation. Body fat mass is exponentially related to BW, where an increase in dietary energy-to-protein ratio results in a higher body fat mass. Treatments had minimal effects on estimated energetic efficiencies in breeders.

Published
2023

11. Effects of trace minerals source in the broiler breeder diet and eggshell translucency on embryonic development of the offspring

Author

van den Brand, H., Hubers, Timo, van den Anker-Hensen, I., Torres, Cibele A., Frehen, Emily, Ooms, M., Arts, J.A.J., Laurenssen, B.F.A., Heetkamp, M.J.W., Kemp, B., Molenaar, R., van den Brand, H., Hubers, Timo, van den Anker-Hensen, I., Torres, Cibele A., Frehen, Emily, Ooms, M., Arts, J.A.J., Laurenssen, B.F.A., Heetkamp, M.J.W., Kemp, B., and Molenaar, R.

Abstract

In 2 experiments, interactions between trace mineral (Zn, Mn, Cu, Se) source (organic or inorganic) in the broiler breeder diet and egg translucency (high or low) on egg characteristics and embryonic development were investigated. In the first experiment, eggs from old breeders (55–57 wk) and in the second experiment, eggs from prime breeders (34–36 wk) were used. Egg composition and bacterial load on the eggshell were analyzed in fresh eggs. During incubation, metabolic heat production of the embryos (d 8 (E8) to 19 of incubation) and tibia ossification (E8.5–E14.5) were determined daily. At hatch, chicken quality was assessed, including tibia biophysical characteristic. Egg quality was not affected by breeder trace minerals source or egg translucency in both experiments. In both experiments, an interaction between trace minerals source and translucency score was found for egg weight loss during incubation. In inorganic trace minerals fed breeders, a high egg translucency resulted in a higher egg weight loss than a low egg translucency, whereas this difference was not seen in organic trace minerals fed breeders. Embryonic heat production and tibia ossification were not affected by trace minerals source or egg translucency. Chicken quality showed ambiguous results between experiment 1 and 2 regarding trace minerals source in the breeder diet. In experiment 2, high translucent eggs from organic fed breeders hatched later than eggs from the other three treatment groups and additionally, high egg translucency resulted in lower residual yolk weight and higher heart and liver percentage of YFBM compared to low egg translucency. Tibia biophysical characteristics at hatch were not affected by trace minerals source or egg translucency. It can be concluded that organic trace minerals source in broiler breeder diet affects eggshell conductance, particularly in low translucent eggs, but effects on chicken quality and tibia characteristics appears to be limited., In 2 experiments, interactions between trace mineral (Zn, Mn, Cu, Se) source (organic or inorganic) in the broiler breeder diet and egg translucency (high or low) on egg characteristics and embryonic development were investigated. In the first experiment, eggs from old breeders (55–57 wk) and in the second experiment, eggs from prime breeders (34–36 wk) were used. Egg composition and bacterial load on the eggshell were analyzed in fresh eggs. During incubation, metabolic heat production of the embryos (d 8 (E8) to 19 of incubation) and tibia ossification (E8.5–E14.5) were determined daily. At hatch, chicken quality was assessed, including tibia biophysical characteristic. Egg quality was not affected by breeder trace minerals source or egg translucency in both experiments. In both experiments, an interaction between trace minerals source and translucency score was found for egg weight loss during incubation. In inorganic trace minerals fed breeders, a high egg translucency resulted in a higher egg weight loss than a low egg translucency, whereas this difference was not seen in organic trace minerals fed breeders. Embryonic heat production and tibia ossification were not affected by trace minerals source or egg translucency. Chicken quality showed ambiguous results between experiment 1 and 2 regarding trace minerals source in the breeder diet. In experiment 2, high translucent eggs from organic fed breeders hatched later than eggs from the other three treatment groups and additionally, high egg translucency resulted in lower residual yolk weight and higher heart and liver percentage of YFBM compared to low egg translucency. Tibia biophysical characteristics at hatch were not affected by trace minerals source or egg translucency. It can be concluded that organic trace minerals source in broiler breeder diet affects eggshell conductance, particularly in low translucent eggs, but effects on chicken quality and tibia characteristics appears to be limited.

Published
2023

12. Effects of hatching system on chick quality, welfare and health of young breederflock offspring

Author

Molenaar, R., Stockhofe, Norbert, Giersberg, M.F., Rodenburg, T.B., Kemp, B., van den Brand, H., de Jong, I.C., Molenaar, R., Stockhofe, Norbert, Giersberg, M.F., Rodenburg, T.B., Kemp, B., van den Brand, H., and de Jong, I.C.

Abstract

Alternative hatching systems have been developed for broiler chickens to provide immediately feed and water after hatch and reduce the number or severity of early life stressors. Besides beneficial effects of these alternative hatching systems on chick quality and performance, broiler health and welfare may be positively affected as well. Especially offspring from young broiler breeder flocks may benefit, as they have been shown to be more sensitive to preturbations than offspring from older breeder flocks. This study evaluated effects of hatching systems on chick quality, health and welfare of young breeder flock offspring, using 3 different hatching systems: conventional hatchery-hatched (HH), hatchery-fed (HF), and on-farm hatching (OH). A total of 24 pens were used in a completely randomized block design, with 8 pens per hatching system and 30 chickens per pen. Chick quality at hatch and performance until 35 d of age was improved in the HF and OH compared to HH treatment, but only minor effects were found on the welfare indicators: footpad dermatitis, hock burn, cleanliness, skin lesion and gait score. No effect was observed on the dynamics of a humoral immune response after NCD vaccination, given at d 0 and 14 of age, as no differences between NCD titers were found at d 18. Animals were vaccinated with a live attenuated infectious bronchitis vaccine virus (IBV) at d 28 to address treatment related differences to disease resilience. The expressions of inflammation and epithelial integrity related genes in the trachea and histo-pathological changes in the trachea were examined at 3 d after vaccine administration. No differences between treatment groups were observed. Although beneficial effects of HF and OH systems were found for young breeder flock offspring on chick quality at hatch and body weight posthatch, only one effect of alternative hatching systems on welfare and health indicators were found. No effect of hatching system on humoral immune response or di, Alternative hatching systems have been developed for broiler chickens to provide immediately feed and water after hatch and reduce the number or severity of early life stressors. Besides beneficial effects of these alternative hatching systems on chick quality and performance, broiler health and welfare may be positively affected as well. Especially offspring from young broiler breeder flocks may benefit, as they have been shown to be more sensitive to preturbations than offspring from older breeder flocks. This study evaluated effects of hatching systems on chick quality, health and welfare of young breeder flock offspring, using 3 different hatching systems: conventional hatchery-hatched (HH), hatchery-fed (HF), and on-farm hatching (OH). A total of 24 pens were used in a completely randomized block design, with 8 pens per hatching system and 30 chickens per pen. Chick quality at hatch and performance until 35 d of age was improved in the HF and OH compared to HH treatment, but only minor effects were found on the welfare indicators: footpad dermatitis, hock burn, cleanliness, skin lesion and gait score. No effect was observed on the dynamics of a humoral immune response after NCD vaccination, given at d 0 and 14 of age, as no differences between NCD titers were found at d 18. Animals were vaccinated with a live attenuated infectious bronchitis vaccine virus (IBV) at d 28 to address treatment related differences to disease resilience. The expressions of inflammation and epithelial integrity related genes in the trachea and histo-pathological changes in the trachea were examined at 3 d after vaccine administration. No differences between treatment groups were observed. Although beneficial effects of HF and OH systems were found for young breeder flock offspring on chick quality at hatch and body weight posthatch, only one effect of alternative hatching systems on welfare and health indicators were found. No effect of hatching system on humoral immune response or di

Published
2023

15. Calf and dam characteristics and calf transport age affect immunoglobulin titers and hematological parameters of veal calves

Author

Marcato, F, van den Brand, H, Kemp, B, Engel, B, Schnabel, S K, Jansen, C A, Rutten, V P M G, Koets, A P, Hoorweg, F A, de Vries-Reilingh, G, Wulansari, A, Wolthuis-Fillerup, M, van Reenen, K, Afd methoden en statistieken, dI&I RA-I&I I&I, Immunologie, FAH theoretische epidemiologie, dFAH I&I, Afd methoden en statistieken, dI&I RA-I&I I&I, Immunologie, FAH theoretische epidemiologie, and dFAH I&I

Subjects
Farms, animal diseases, Lymphocyte, Ice calving, Celbiologie en Immunologie, robustness, Biology, Wiskundige en Statistische Methoden - Biometris, Dierenwelzijn en gezondheid, Animal science, Pregnancy, Immunity, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Animal Health & Welfare, Adaptatiefysiologie, Mathematical and Statistical Methods - Biometris, Host Pathogen Interaction & Diagnostics, transport age, hematology, Colostrum, Bacteriologie, Bacteriology, Bacteriology, Host Pathogen Interaction & Diagnostics, PE&RC, Host Pathogen Interactie & Diagnostiek, Red Meat, Titer, Biometris, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cell Biology and Immunology, Animals, Newborn, Immunoglobulin G, Bacteriologie, Host Pathogen Interactie & Diagnostiek, WIAS, biology.protein, Adaptation Physiology, Cattle, Female, Animal Science and Zoology, veal calf, Antibody, immunoglobulin, Food Science
Abstract

This study aimed to investigate effects of transport age of calves (14 vs. 28 d), and of calf and dam characteristics, on immunoglobulin titers and hematological variables of veal calves. Calves (n = 683) were transported to a veal farm at 14 or 28 d of age. Natural antibodies N-IgG, N-IgM, and N-IgA against phosphorylcholine conjugated to bovine serum albumin (PC-BSA) were measured in serum of the dams 1 wk before calving and in first colostrum. These antibodies were also measured in serum of calves 1 wk after birth, 1 d before transport, and in wk 2 and 10 posttransport at the veal farm. Hematological variables were assessed in calves 1 d before transport and in wk 2 posttransport. One day before transport, titers of N-IgG, N-IgM, N-IgA, and neutrophil counts were higher, and lymphocyte counts were lower in 14-d-old calves compared with 28-d-old calves. In wk 2 at the veal farm, calves transported at 14 d of age had higher N-IgG titers and neutrophil counts, but lower N-IgM and N-IgA titers, and lymphocyte counts than calves transported at 28 d. In wk 1 and 1 d before transport, N-Ig in calves were positively related to N-Ig in colostrum. In wk 2 and 10 at the veal farm, N-IgG in calves was positively related to N-IgG in colostrum. The N-IgG titers in calves at the dairy farm were negatively related to the likelihood of being individually treated with antibiotics or other medicines at the veal farm. Our results suggest that calves transported to the veal farm at 28 d of age showed a more advanced development of their adaptive immunity than calves transported at 14 d of age. Quality of colostrum might have long-term consequences for N-IgG titers and immunity in veal calves.

Published
2022

19. Calf and dam characteristics and calf transport age affect immunoglobulin titers and hematological parameters of veal calves

Author

Afd methoden en statistieken, dI&I RA-I&I I&I, Immunologie, FAH theoretische epidemiologie, dFAH I&I, Marcato, F, van den Brand, H, Kemp, B, Engel, B, Schnabel, S K, Jansen, C A, Rutten, V P M G, Koets, A P, Hoorweg, F A, de Vries-Reilingh, G, Wulansari, A, Wolthuis-Fillerup, M, van Reenen, K, Afd methoden en statistieken, dI&I RA-I&I I&I, Immunologie, FAH theoretische epidemiologie, dFAH I&I, Marcato, F, van den Brand, H, Kemp, B, Engel, B, Schnabel, S K, Jansen, C A, Rutten, V P M G, Koets, A P, Hoorweg, F A, de Vries-Reilingh, G, Wulansari, A, Wolthuis-Fillerup, M, and van Reenen, K

Published
2022

20. Impact of early dam contact on veal calf welfare

Author

Webb, L.E., Marcato, F., Bokkers, E.A.M., Verwer, C.M., Wolthuis-Fillerup, M., Hoorweg, F.A., van den Brand, H., Jensen, M.B., van Reenen, C.G., Webb, L.E., Marcato, F., Bokkers, E.A.M., Verwer, C.M., Wolthuis-Fillerup, M., Hoorweg, F.A., van den Brand, H., Jensen, M.B., and van Reenen, C.G.

Abstract

Dairy calves, including surplus calves, are typically separated from their dam within hours of birth. The aim of this study was to assess the welfare impacts of raising surplus calves destined for veal with their dam for 2 or 4 weeks until transport. Surplus calves from one dairy farm were separated from their dam at birth (n = 39) or kept with the dam (n = 37) until transport to the veal farm at either 2 (n = 50) or 4 (n = 26) weeks of age, with abrupt separation for dam-reared calves. Calf measures of body weight, health, immunity, haematology and behaviour were recorded at the dairy and veal farms. Dam-reared calves had higher body weights in weeks 3, 4 and 5 at the DF, as well as at arrival at the veal farm, but by slaughter this advantage was lost. More dam-reared calves had fever in week 3 and showed signs of disease in week 5 at the dairy farm. Dam-reared calves did not differ in IgG, IgA or IgM levels but had higher counts of white blood cells, which could reflect a higher pathogen exposure rather than improved immunity. Dam-reared calves displayed more fear towards humans in a human approach test at 5 and 7 weeks after arrival at the veal farm, and more frequent social behaviours at the veal farm at 9 and 16 weeks of age. In conclusion, it seems that there may be both advantages and disadvantages to keeping veal calves with the dam in terms of welfare in the current system.

Published
2022

21. Healthy bones for broiler chickens

Author

Kemp, B., van den Brand, H., Güz, Bahadır Can, Kemp, B., van den Brand, H., and Güz, Bahadır Can

Abstract

Chicken meat is one of the main animal protein sources for humans and is nowadays the second most produced and consumed meat in the world. Since 1950s, broiler (meat-type) chickens have undergone radical phenotypic and genotypic changes as a result of an intense genetic selection for fast growth and better feed efficiency. Accompanied by better management conditions and better feed quality, this selection has provided several advantages, such as high amount of meat production in a short time, less environmental pollution and considerable financial benefits for producers. However, it has also caused downsides for broiler chickens, such as poor leg health, impaired locomotion and lameness. One of the main reasons for these downsides is an imbalance between high growth rate and immature bones, because the speed of bone development is unable to keep up with fast growth. Poor leg health causes serious welfare issues and considerable economic losses, since these chickens have difficulties accessing feed and water, suffer from pain, dehydration and starvation as results of high risk of leg bone fractures, developmental bone abnormalities and infectious and/or non-infectious leg disorders.The main focus of this thesis is on leg bone development, specifically tibia, since it is the major weight carrying and the most loaded and affected leg bone during the growth period. The aim of this thesis was to investigate different approaches to improve leg health of fast and slower-growing broiler chickens by (1) dietary factors on the broiler chickens or indirectly via the broiler breeders, (2) incubation conditions and (3) environmental enrichment.The General Introduction of this thesis first describes suboptimal leg health, bone abnormalities and leg disorders observed in broiler chickens and their welfare and economic consequences. Then continues with leg bone quality measurements, such as bone morphological, biophysical and mechanical characteristics. Lastly, gives information on

Published
2022

22. Supporting the hyper prolific sow and her litter through the perinatal period by dietary nitrate supplementation

Author

Kemp, B., van den Brand, H., van den Bosch, Moniek, Kemp, B., van den Brand, H., and van den Bosch, Moniek

Abstract

In the Netherlands, approximately 8% of piglets is stillborn and on average 12.2% is lost due to pre-weaning mortality. Farrowing is a crucial and challenging event for both the sow and her piglets. Exhaustion of the sow is likely to occur and can impair uterine contractions, thereby increasing the duration of farrowing. For piglets, farrowing is also stressful and the odds of dying are highest during parturition and the first days of life.Maternal nutrition is one of the factors that can reduce piglet losses. Sports nutrition in humans is a good source of inspiration for potential nutritional solutions that could support the sows through the process of farrowing. A new method to enhance competitive performance in athletes is red beetroot juice. One of the main active compounds in beetroot juice is nitrate (NO3-). Nitrate itself is not known for specific physiological functions, but in vivo, nitrate is non-enzymatically reduced via nitrite (NO2-) to nitric oxide (NO), a multivarious messenger molecule with important vascular functions, which particularly occur in environments of hypoxia and acidosis during high physical activity. In addition, in athletes nitrate supplementation increased exercise efficiency and increased time until exhaustion. Maternal dietary nitrate supplementation is hypothesized to support the sow and her litter in the perinatal period due to 1) the vasodilative effect NO has by being a major endothelium-derived relaxing factor. By ensuring a larger blood, and therefore oxygen, flow in the placenta and the umbilical cord during farrowing, the risk for asphyxiation can be reduced. 2) By reducing the duration of farrowing by improving sow stamina, which would in its turn decrease the incidence of stillbirth and decrease the levels of asphyxiation in new born piglets. The main aim of this thesis was to investigate whether or not supplementation of nitrate to the sow  during the perinatal period is an applicable solution to decrease incidence o

Published
2022

23. Effects of late incubation temperature and moment of first post-hatch feed access on neonatal broiler development, temperature preference, and stress response

Author

Wijnen, H.J., Molenaar, R., Kemp, B., van Roovert-Reijrink, I.A.M., van den Brand, H., van der Pol, C.W., Wijnen, H.J., Molenaar, R., Kemp, B., van Roovert-Reijrink, I.A.M., van den Brand, H., and van der Pol, C.W.

Abstract

Early life experiences are known to be of great importance for later life. For instance, exposure to stress during early life can increase fearfulness at later age. In broilers, delayed feeding after hatch may cause metabolic stress. Besides, delayed feeding after hatch may affect neonatal broiler development and thermogenesis and consequently preferred ambient temperature. Moreover, these effects of feeding strategy may be dependent on late incubation temperature. To study this, eggs (n = 1,338) from a 54-wk-old Ross broiler breeder flock were incubated at 37.8°C (control) or 36.7°C (lower) eggshell temperature (EST) during late incubation (≥ embryonic d 17). At hatch, two feeding strategies were applied (direct access (early feeding) or 51 to 54 h delayed access (delayed feeding)). Broilers (n = 960) were equally divided over 32 pens and grown for 3 wk. Stress was assessed by determination of corticosterone in blood at 0 h, 48 h, 96 h and d 21 after hatch. Fearfulness was assessed by tonic immobility at d 13. Temperature preference was assessed at d 2 and d 12. Broiler development was determined at 0 h, 48 h, and 96 h after hatch. There was no EST × feeding strategy interaction for any parameter (P ≥ 0.07). Early feeding resulted in a 2.5× lower plasma corticosterone concentration at 48 h (P < 0.01) and a 2.2°C and 2.0°C lower preference temperature for d 2 and d 12 respectively (P = 0.01) compared to delayed feeding. Tonic immobility was not affected. In conclusion, early feeding reduces exposure to stress in the short term and stimulates thermoregulatory ability of broilers in the longer term.

Published
2022

24. Broiler resilience to colibacillosis is affected by incubation temperature and post-hatch feeding strategy

Author

Wijnen, H.J., van der Pol, C.W., Papanikolaou, A., Lammers, A., Kemp, B., van den Brand, H., Perricone, V., Matthijs, M.G.R., Molenaar, R., Wijnen, H.J., van der Pol, C.W., Papanikolaou, A., Lammers, A., Kemp, B., van den Brand, H., Perricone, V., Matthijs, M.G.R., and Molenaar, R.

Abstract

Colibacillosis is a poultry disease that negatively affects welfare and causes economic losses. Treatment with antibiotics raises concerns on antimicrobial resistance. Consequently, alternative approaches to enhance poultry resilience are needed. Access to feed and water directly after hatch (early feeding) may enhance resilience at later ages. Additionally, a high eggshell temperature (EST) during mid incubation may improve chick quality at hatch, supporting potential positive effects of early feeding. Effects of EST [37.8°C (control) or 38.9°C (higher)] during mid-incubation (embryo days 7–14) and feeding strategy (early feeding or 48 h delayed feeding) were tested in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. At hatch, ̴ 1,800 broilers were divided over 36 pens and grown for 6 wk. At d 8 post hatch, avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) was inoculated intratracheally as model to investigate broiler resilience against respiratory diseases. Incidence and severity of colibacillosis, local infection, and systemic infection were assessed at 6 moments between 3 h and 7 d postinoculation. Broilers were weighed daily during 13 d postinoculation and weekly thereafter. At higher EST, early feeding resulted in higher incidence of systemic infection compared to delayed feeding whereas at control EST, systemic infection was not different between feeding strategies. Regardless of EST, early compared to delayed feeding resulted in lower incidence of local infection, fewer BW deviations, and higher growth until d 35. In conclusion, early feeding could be considered as a strategy to enhance broiler resilience, but only when EST is not too high.

Published
2022

25. Disentangling Litter Size and Farrowing Duration Effects on Piglet Stillbirth, Acid–Base BloodParameters and Pre-Weaning Mortality

Author

van den Bosch, M., van de Linde, I.B., Kemp, B., van den Brand, H., van den Bosch, M., van de Linde, I.B., Kemp, B., and van den Brand, H.

Abstract

The current study evaluated interactions between farrowing duration and litter size on the level of asphyxia, vitality, percentage of stillbirth, and pre-weaning mortality of piglets. Farrowing duration was measured in 159 crossbred gilts and sows (Yorkshire × Dutch Landrace). Litter size ranged between 12 and 21 piglets. Blood acid–base parameters in umbilical cord blood and vitality scores of piglets were determined immediately after birth. Number of piglets born alive and stillborn as well as individual piglet weights at birth were recorded. Pre-weaning mortality (excluding stillbirth) was determined throughout lactation. Litter size as well as farrowing duration were categorized to evaluate the interaction between the two. There tended to be an interaction between litter size and farrowing duration for pre-weaning mortality (p = 0.10). In small litters (12–15 piglets), a prolonged farrowing duration (>250 min) tended to increase pre-weaning mortality compared with a short (<150 min) and medium farrowing duration (150–250 min), while for large litters (19–21 piglets), a medium to long farrowing duration tended to decrease pre-weaning mortality. No other interactions between litter size and farrowing duration were found. Piglets within large litters showed a higher umbilical cord lactate level (p < 0.01), lower average vitality score (p = 0.01), and a higher stillborn percentage (p < 0.01) compared with piglets within medium size (16–18 piglets) and small litters. Each additional piglet born to a litter linearly decreased average piglet birth weight (17.6 g, p < 0.01), increased farrowing duration (11 min, p < 0.01), and increased stillbirth (0.5%, p = 0.04). A medium farrowing duration resulted in a lower stillborn percentage compared with a short or prolonged farrowing duration, suggesting that farrowing duration might have an optimum. When analyzed linearly, stillborn percentage increased with 1.85% per every 100 min (p < 0.01) of farrowing duration. It can be

Published
2022

26. Research Note: Comparing methods to assess Valgus-Varus deformity inbroiler chickens

Author

van den Brand, H., Molenaar, R., Klaasen, M., van den Brand, H., Molenaar, R., and Klaasen, M.

Abstract

Valgus-varus deformity (VVD) is one of the leg disorders affecting health and welfare of broiler chickens. In research, several protocols are used to determine the prevalence and/or severity of VVD. This study aimed to investigate effects of five different protocols on the angulation of the tibiotarsal-tarsometatarsal joint. Angulation was determined (1) in living chickens with fixation at the femorotibiotarsal joint; (2) in dead chickens without fixation; (3) in dead chickens with fixation; (4) in dissected legs, including muscles, but without skin; (5) in dissected legs, without muscles, but with intact joints. Fixation of the leg at the femorotibiotarsal joint largely reduced the angulation of the tibiotarsal-tarsometatarsal joint. When fixation was used, no differences in angulation were found when broilers were live, dead or legs were dissected, but when no fixation was used, angulation was considerably higher, due to a large lateral deviation of the leg. It can be concluded that in intact chickens, fixation of the femorotibiotarsal joint is essential to determine VVD angulation in an appropriate way.

Published
2022

27. A locked mode indicator for disruption prediction on JET and ASDEX upgrade

Author

Sias, G., Cannas, B., Fanni, A., Murari, A., Pau, A., Kallenbach, A., Aguiam, D., Aho-Mantila, L., Angioni, C., Arden, N., Arredondo Parra, R., Asunta, O., de Baar, M., Balden, M., Behler, K., Bergmann, A., Bernardo, J., Bernert, M., Beurskens, M., Biancalani, A., Bilato, R., Birkenmeier, G., Bobkov, V., Bock, A., Bogomolov, A., Bolzonella, T., Boeswirth, B., Bottereau, C., Bottino, A., van den Brand, H., Brezinsek, S., Brida, D., Brochard, F., Bruhn, C., Buchanan, J., Buhler, A., Burckhart, A., Cambon-Silva, D., Camenen, Y., Carvalho, P., Carrasco, G., Cazzaniga, C., Carr, M., Carralero, D., Casali, L., Castaldo, C., Cavedon, M., Challis, C., Chankin, A., Chapman, I., Clairet, F., Classen, I., Coda, S., Coelho, R., Coenen, J. W., Colas, L., Conway, G., Costea, S., Coster, D. P., Croci, G., Cseh, G., Czarnecka, A., D'Arcangelo, O., Day, C., Delogu, R., de Marne, P., Denk, S., Denner, P., Dibon, M., D'Inca, R., Di Siena, A., Douai, D., Drenik, A., Drube, R., Dunne, M., Duval, B. P., Dux, R., Eich, T., Elgeti, S., Engelhardt, K., Erdos, B., Erofeev, I., Esposito, B., Fable, E., Faitsch, M., Fantz, U., Faugel, H., Felici, F., Fietz, S., Figueredo, A., Fischer, R., Ford, O., Frassinetti, L., Freethy, S., Froeschle, M., Fuchert, G., Fuchs, J. C., Fuenfgelder, H., Galazka, K., Galdon-Quiroga, J., Gallo, A., Gao, Y., Garavaglia, S., Garcia-Munoz, M., Geiger, B., Cianfarani, C., Giannone, L., Giovannozzi, E., Gleason-Gonzalez, C., Gloeggler, S., Gobbin, M., Goerler, T., Goodman, T., Gorini, G., Gradic, D., Graeter, A., Granucci, G., Greuner, H., Griener, M., Groth, M., Gude, A., Guenter, S., Guimarais, L., Haas, G., Hakola, A. H., Ham, C., Happel, T., Harrison, J., Hatch, D., Hauer, V., Hayward, T., Heinemann, B., Heinzel, S., Hellsten, T., Henderson, S., Hennequin, P., Herrmann, A., Heyn, E., Hitzler, F., Hobirk, J., Hoelzl, M., Hoeschen, T., Holm, J. H., Hopf, C., Hoppe, F., Horvath, L., Houben, A., Huber, A., Igochine, V., Ilkei, T., Ivanova-Stanik, I., Jacob, W., Jacobsen, A. S., Jacquot, J., Janky, F., Jardin, A., Jaulmes, F., Jenko, F., Jensen, T., Joffrin, E., Kasemann, C., Kalvin, S., Kantor, M., Kappatou, A., Kardaun, O., Karhunen, J., Kasilov, S., Kernbichler, W., Kim, D., Kimmig, S., Kirk, A., Klingshirn, H. J., Koch, F., Kocsis, G., Koehn, A., Kraus, M., Krieger, K., Krivska, A., Kraemer-Flecken, A., Kurki-Suonio, T., Kurzan, B., Lackner, K., Laggner, F., Lang, P. T., Lauber, P., Lazanyi, N., Lazaros, A., Lebschy, A., Li, L., Li, M., Liang, Y., Lipschultz, B., Liu, Y., Lohs, A., Luhmann, N. C., Lunt, T., Lyssoivan, A., Madsen, J., Maier, H., Maj, O., Mailloux, J., Maljaars, E., Manas, P., Mancini, A., Manhard, A., Manso, M. E., Mantica, P., Mantsinen, M., Manz, P., Maraschek, M., Martens, C., Martin, P., Marrelli, L., Martitsch, A., Mastrostefano, S., Mayer, A., Mayer, M., Mazon, D., Mccarthy, P. J., Mcdermott, R., Meisl, G., Meister, H., Medvedeva, A., Merkel, P., Merkel, R., Merle, A., Mertens, V., Meshcheriakov, D., Meyer, H., Meyer, O., Miettunen, J., Milanesio, D., Mink, F., Mlynek, A., Monaco, F., Moon, C., Nazikian, R., Nemes-Czopf, A., Neu, G., Neu, R., Nielsen, A. H., Nielsen, S. K., Nikolaeva, V., Nocente, M., Noterdaeme, J. M., Nowak, S., Oberkofler, M., Oberparleiter, M., Ochoukov, R., Odstrcil, T., Olsen, J., Orain, F., Palermo, F., Papp, G., Paradela Perez, I., Pautasso, G., Enzel, F., Petersson, P., Pinzon, J., Piovesan, P., Piron, C., Plaum, B., Ploeckl, B., Plyusnin, V., Pokol, G., Poli, E., Porte, L., Potzel, S., Prisiazhniuk, D., Putterich, T., Ramisch, M., Rapson, C., Rasmussen, J., Raupp, G., Refy, D., Reich, M., Reimold, F., Ribeiro, T., Riedl, R., Rittich, D., Rocchi, G., Rodriguez-Ramos, M., Rohde, V., Ross, A., Rott, M., Rubel, M., Ryan, D., Ryter, F., Saarelma, S., Salewski, M., Salmi, A., Sanchis-Sanchez, L., Santos, G., Santos, J., Sauter, O., Scarabosio, A., Schall, G., Schmid, K., Schmitz, O., Schneider, P. A., Schneller, M., Schrittwieser, R., Schubert, M., Schwarz-Selinger, T., Schweinzer, J., Scott, B., Sehmer, T., Sertoli, M., Shabbir, A., Shalpegin, A., Shao, L., Sharapov, S., Siccinio, M., Sieglin, B., Sigalov, A., Silva, A., Silva, C., Simon, P., Simpson, J., Snicker, A., Sommariva, C., Sozzi, C., Spolaore, M., Stejner, M., Stober, J., Stobbe, F., Stroth, U., Strumberger, E., Suarez, G., Sugiyama, K., Sun, H. J., Suttrop, W., Szepesi, T., Tal, B., Tala, T., Tardini, G., Tardocchi, M., Terranova, D., Tierens, W., Told, D., Tudisco, O., Trevisan, G., Treutterer, W., Trier, E., Tripsky, M., Valisa, M., Valovic, M., Vanovac, B., Varela, P., Varoutis, S., Verdoolaege, G., Vezinet, D., Vianello, N., Vicente, J., Vierle, T., Viezzer, E., von Toussaint, U., Wagner, D., Wang, N., Wang, X., Weidl, M., Weiland, M., White, A. E., Willensdorfer, M., Wiringer, B., Wischmeier, M., Wolf, R., Wolfrum, E., Xiang, L., Yang, Q., Yang, Z., Yu, Q., Zagorski, R., Zammuto, I., Zarzoso, D., Zhang, W., van Zeeland, M., Zehetbauer, T., Zilker, M., Zoletnik, S., Zohm, H., Hakola, A., Adamek, J., Agostini, M., Ahn, J., Akers, R., Albanese, R., Aledda, R., Alessi, E., Allan, S., Alves, D., Ambrosino, R., Amicucci, L., Anand, H., Anastassiou, G., Andrebe, Y., Apruzzese, G., Ariola, M., Arnichand, H., Arter, W., Baciero, A., Barnes, M., Barrera, L., Behn, R., Bencze, A., Bettini, P., Bilkova, P., Bin, W., Bizarro, J. P. S., Blanchard, P., Blanken, T., Bluteau, M., Bogar, O., Bohm, P., Boncagni, L., Botrugno, A., Bouquey, F., Bourdelle, C., Bremond, S., Bufferand, H., Buratti, P., Cahyna, P., Calabro, G., Caniello, R., Canton, A., Cardinali, A., Carnevale, D., Castejon, F., Castro, R., Causa, F., Cavazzana, R., Cecconello, M., Ceccuzzi, S., Cesario, R., Challis, C. D., Chapman, I. T., Chapman, S., Chernyshova, M., Choi, D., Ciraolo, G., Citrin, J., Corre, Y., Crisanti, F., Cruz, N., De Angeli, M., De Masi, G., De Temmerman, G., De Tommasi, G., Decker, J., Delogu, R. S., Dendy, R., Di Troia, C., Dimitrova, M., Doric, V., Dudson, B., Dunai, D., Easy, L., Elmore, S., Fedorczak, N., Ferreira, J., Fevrier, O., Ficker, O., Figini, L., Figueiredo, A., Fil, A., Fishpool, G., Fitzgerald, M., Fontana, M., Fridstrom, R., Frigione, D., Fuchs, C., Furno Palumbo, M., Futatani, S., Gabellieri, L., Galeani, S., Gallart, D., Galperti, C., Garcia, J., Garcia-Carrasco, A., Garcia-Lopez, J., Gardarein, J. L., Garzotti, L., Gaspar, J., Gauthier, E., Geelen, P., Ghendrih, P., Ghezzi, F., Giacomelli, L., Giroud, C., Gleason Gonzalez, C., Goodman, T. P., Gospodarczyk, M., Gruber, M., Guirlet, R., Gunn, J., Hacek, P., Hacquin, S., Hall, S., Harting, D., Havlickova, E., Helou, W., Heyn, M., Hnat, B., Holzl, M., Hogeweij, D., Honore, C., Horacek, J., Hornung, G., Huang, Z., Igitkhanov, J., Imrisek, M., Innocente, P., Ionita-Schrittwieser, C., Isliker, H., Jacquet, P., Jakubowski, M., Jeppe Miki Busk, O., Jessen, M., Jones, O., Jonsson, T., Kallinikos, N., Karpushov, A., Kasprowicz, G., Kendl, A., Kjer, S., Klimek, I., Kogut, D., Komm, M., Korsholm, S. B., Koslowski, H. R., Koubiti, M., Kovacic, J., Kovarik, K., Krawczyk, N., Krbec, J., Kube, R., Kudlacek, O., Labit, B., Laggner, F. M., Laguardia, L., Lahtinen, A., Lalousis, P., Lang, P., H. B., Le, Leddy, J., Lefevre, L., Lehnen, M., Leipold, F., Lessig, A., Leyland, M., Liu, Y. Q., Loarer, T., Loarte, A., Loewenhoff, T., Lomanowski, B., Loschiavo, V. P., Lupelli, I., Lux, H., Maget, P., Maggi, C., Maggiora, R., Magnussen, M. L., Maljaars, B., Malygin, A., Marchand, B., Marconato, N., Marini, C., Marinucci, M., Markovic, T., Marocco, D., Martin, Y., Martin Solis, J. R., Mattei, M., Matthews, G., Mavridis, M., Mayoral, M. L., Mccarthy, P., Mcadams, R., Mcardle, G., Mcclements, K., Mcmillan, B., Militello, F., Miron, I. G., Mitosinkova, K., Mlynar, J., Molina, D., Molina, P., Monakhov, I., Morales, J., Moreau, D., Morel, P., Moret, J. M., Moro, A., Moulton, D., Mueller, H. W., Nabais, F., Nardon, E., Naulin, V., Nespoli, F., Nimb, S., Nouailletas, R., Omotani, J., O'Mullane, M. G., Osterman, N., Paccagnella, R., Pamela, S., Pangione, L., Panjan, M., Paprok, R., Parail, V., Parra, F. I., Pehkonen, S. P., Pereira, A., Perelli Cippo, E., Pericoli Ridolfini, V., Peterka, M., Petrzilka, V., Pironti, A., Pisano, F., Pisokas, T., Pitts, R., Ploumistakis, I., Poljak, D., Poloskei, P., Popovic, Z., Por, G., Predebon, I., Preynas, M., Primc, G., Pucella, G., Puiatti, M. E., Puetterich, T., Rack, M., Ramogida, G., Juul Rasmussen, J., Ratta, G. A., Ratynskaia, S., Ravera, G., Reimerdes, H., Reinke, M., Reiser, D., Resnik, M., Reux, C., Ripamonti, D., Riva, G., Rosato, J., Sabot, R., Saint-Laurent, F., Samaddar, D., Scannell, R., Scheffer, M., Schneider, M., Schneider, B., Schneider, P., Seidl, J., Sesnic, S., Shanahan, B., Sheikh, U., Silva Fuglister, M., Spagnolo, S., Spizzo, G., Stange, T., Stejner Pedersen, M., Stepanov, I., Strand, P., Susnjara, A., Tamain, P., Teplukhina, A., Testa, D., Theiler, C., Thornton, A., Tolias, P., Tophoj, L., Trevisan, G. L., Tsironis, C., Tsui, C., Uccello, A., Urban, J., Vallejos, P., Van den Brand, H., Vartanian, S., Vega, J., Verhaegh, K., Vermare, L., Vignitchouk, L., Vijvers, W. A. J., Villone, F., Viola, B., Vlahos, L., Voitsekhovitch, I., Vondracek, P., N. M. T., Vu, Walkden, N., Wauters, T., Weinzettl, V., Westerhof, E., Wiesenberger, M., Wodniak, I., Yadykin, D., Zanca, P., Zaplotnik, R., Zestanakis, P., Zuin, M., Litaudon, X., Abduallev, S., Abhangi, M., Abreu, P., Afzal, M., Aggarwal, K. M., Ahlgren, T., Ahn, J. H., Aiba, N., Airila, M., Aldred, V., Alegre, D., Aleynikov, P., Alfier, A., Alkseev, A., Allinson, M., Alper, B., Alves, E., Ambrosino, G., Amosov, V., Andersson Sunden, E., Angelone, M., Anghel, M., Appel, L., Appelbee, C., Arena, P., Arshad, S., Ash, A., Ashikawa, N., Aslanyan, V., Auriemma, F., Austin, Y., Avotina, L., Axton, M. D., Ayres, C., Bacharis, M., Baiao, D., Bailey, S., Baker, A., Balboa, I., Balshaw, N., Bament, R., Banks, J. W., Baranov, Y. F., Barnard, M. A., Barnes, D., Barnsley, R., Baron Wiechec, A., Barrera Orte, L., Baruzzo, M., Basiuk, V., Bassan, M., Bastow, R., Batista, A., Batistoni, P., Baughan, R., Bauvir, B., Baylor, L., Bazylev, B., Beal, J., Beaumont, P. S., Beckers, M., Beckett, B., Becoulet, A., Bekris, N., Beldishevski, M., Bell, K., Belli, F., Bellinger, M., Belonohy, E., Ben Ayed, N., Benterman, N. A., Bergsaker, H., Berry, M., Bertalot, L., Besliu, C., Bieg, B., Bielecki, J., Biewer, T., Bigi, M., Binda, F., Bisoffi, A., Bjorkas, C., Blackburn, J., Blackman, K., Blackman, T. R., Blatchford, P., Boboc, A., Bodnar, G., Bolshakova, I., Bonanomi, N., Bonelli, F., Boom, J., Booth, J., Borba, D., Borodin, D., Borodkina, I., Boulting, P., Bowden, M., Bower, C., Bowman, C., Boyce, T., Boyd, C., Boyer, H. J., Bradshaw, J. M. A., Braic, V., Bravanec, R., Breizman, B., Brennan, P. D., Breton, S., Brett, A., Bright, M. D. J., Brix, M., Broeckx, W., Brombin, M., Broslawski, A., Brown, D. P. D., Brown, M., Bruno, E., Bucalossi, J., Buch, J., Buckley, M. A., Budny, R., Bulman, M., Bulmer, N., Bunting, P., Buscarino, A., Busse, A., Butler, N. K., Bykov, I., Byrne, J., Calvo, I., Camp, P., Campling, D. C., Cane, J., Capel, A. J., Card, P. J., Carman, P., Carraro, L., Carvalho, B. B., Carvalho, I., Casson, F. J., Catarino, N., Caumont, J., Cave-Ayland, K., Cavinato, M., Cecil, E., Cenedese, A., Chandler, M., Chandra, D., Chang, C. S., Chapman, S. C., Chitarin, G., Ciric, D., Clark, E., Clark, M., Clarkson, R., Clatworthy, D., Clements, C., Cleverly, M., Coad, J. P., Coates, P. A., Cobalt, A., Coccorese, V., Cocilovo, V., Coffey, I., Collins, S., Conka, D., Conroy, S., Conway, N., Coombs, D., Cooper, D., Cooper, S. R., Corradino, C., Corrigan, G., Cortes, S., Coster, D., Couchman, A. S., Cox, M. P., Craciunescu, T., Cramp, S., Craven, R., Croft, D., Crombe, K., Crowe, R., Cufar, A., Cullen, A., Curuia, M., Dabirikhah, H., Dalgliesh, P., Dalley, S., Dankowski, J., Darrow, D., Davies, O., Davis, W., Day, I. E., De Bock, M., de Castro, A., de la Cal, E., de la Luna, E., de Pablos, J. L., de Vries, P., Deakin, K., Deane, J., Degli Agostini, F., Dejarnac, R., Delabie, E., den Harder, N., Dendy, R. O., Denis, J., Devaux, S., Devynck, P., Di Maio, F., Dinca, P., Ding, B., Dittmar, T., Doerk, H., Doerner, R. P., Donne, T., Dorling, S. E., Dormido-Canto, S., Doswon, S., Doyle, P. T., Drewelow, P., Drews, P., Duckworth, P., Dumont, R., Dumortier, P., Duran, I., Durodie, F., Dutta, P., Dylst, K., Dzysiuk, N., Edappala, P. V., Edmond, J., Edwards, A. M., Edwards, J., Ekedahl, A., El-Jorf, R., Elsmore, C. G., Enachescu, M., Ericsson, G., Eriksson, F., Eriksson, J., Eriksson, L. G., Esquembri, S., Esser, H. G., Esteve, D., Evans, B., Evans, G. E., Evison, G., Ewart, G. D., Fagan, D., Falie, D., Fasoli, A., Faustin, J. M., Fawlk, N., Fazendeiro, L., Felton, R. C., Fenton, K., Fernades, A., Fernandes, H., Fessey, J. A., Field, A., Figueiredo, J., Finburg, P., Firdaouss, M., Fischer, U., Fittill, L., Flammini, D., Flanagan, J., Fleming, C., Flinders, K., Fonnesu, N., Fontdecaba, J. M., Formisano, A., Forsythe, L., Fortuna, L., Fortuna-Zalesna, E., Fortune, M., Foster, S., Franke, T., Franklin, T., Frasca, M., Freisinger, M., Fresa, R., Fuchs, V., Fuller, D., Fyvie, J., Gal, K., Galassi, D., Gallagher, J., Galvao, R., Gao, X., Gaudio, P., Gear, D. F., Gee, S. J., Gelfusa, M., Gerasimov, S., Gervasini, G., Gethins, M., Ghani, Z., Ghate, M., Gherendi, M., Giacalone, J. C., Gibson, C. S., Giegerich, T., Gil, C., Gil, L., Gilligan, S., Gin, D., Girardo, J. B., Giruzzi, G., Godwin, J., Goff, J., Gohil, P., Goloborod'Ko, V., Gomes, R., Goncalves, B., Goniche, M., Goodliffe, M., Goodyear, A., Gosk, M., Goulding, R., Goussarov, A., Gowland, R., Graham, B., Graham, M. E., Graves, J. P., Grazier, N., Grazier, P., Green, N. R., Grierson, B., Griph, F. S., Grisolia, C., Grist, D., Grove, R., Grundy, C. N., Grzonka, J., Guard, D., Guerard, C., Guillemaut, C., Gurl, C., Utoh, H. H., Hackett, L. J., Hagar, A., Hager, R., Halitovs, M., Hall, S. J., Hallworth Cook, S. P., Hamlyn-Harris, C., Hammond, K., Harrington, C., Hasenbeck, F., Hatano, Y., Hatch, D. R., Haupt, T. D. V., Hawes, J., Hawkes, N. C., Hawkins, J., Hawkins, P., Haydon, P. W., Hayter, N., Hazel, S., Heesterman, P. J. L., Heinola, K., Hellesen, C., Hemming, O. N., Hender, T. C., Henderson, M., Henderson, S. S., Henriques, R., Hepple, D., Hermon, G., Hertout, P., Hidalgo, C., Highcock, E. G., Hill, M., Hillairet, J., Hillesheim, J., Hillis, D., Hizanidis, K., Hjalmarsson, A., Hodille, E., Hogben, C. H. A., Hogeweij, G. M. D., Hollingsworth, A., Hollis, S., Homfray, D. A., Horton, A. R., Horton, L. D., Hotchin, S. P., Hough, M. R., Howarth, P. J., Hubbard, A., Huber, V., Huddleston, T. M., Hughes, M., Huijsmans, G. T. A., Hunter, C. L., Huynh, P., Hynes, A. M., Iglesias, D., Imazawa, N., Imbeaux, F., Incelli, M., Irishkin, M., Jachmich, S., Jansons, J., Jarvinen, A., Jednorog, S., Jenkins, I., Jeong, C., Jepu, I., Johnson, R., Johnson, T., Johnston, J., Joita, L., Jones, G., Jones, T. T. C., Hoshino, K. K., Kamiya, K., Kaniewski, J., Kantor, A., Karkinsky, D., Karnowska, I., Kaufman, M., Kaveney, G., Kazakov, Y., Kazantzidis, V., Keeling, D. L., Keenan, T., Keep, J., Kempenaars, M., Kennedy, C., Kenny, D., Kent, J., Kent, O. N., Khilkevich, E., Kim, H. T., Kim, H. S., Kinch, A., King, C., King, D., King, R. F., Kinna, D. J., Kiptily, V., Kirov, K., Kirschner, A., Kizane, G., Klepper, C., Klix, A., Knight, P., Knipe, S. J., Knott, S., Kobuchi, T., Koechl, F., Kodeli, I., Kogan, L., Koivuranta, S., Kominis, Y., Koeppen, M., Kos, B., Koskela, T., Kovari, M., Kowalska-Strzeciwilk, E., Krasilnikov, A., Krasilnikov, V., Kresina, M., Kruezi, U., Ksiazek, I., Kukushkin, A., Kundu, A., Kwak, S., Kwiatkowski, R., Kwon, O. J., Laing, A., Lam, N., Lambertz, H. T., Lane, C., Lanthaler, S., Lapins, J., Lasa, A., Last, J. R., Laszynska, E., Lawless, R., Lawson, A., Lawson, K. D., Lazzaro, E., Lee, S., Lefebvre, X., Leggate, H. J., Lehmann, J., Leichtle, D., Leichuer, P., Lengar, I., Lennholm, M., Lerche, E., Lescinskis, A., Lesnoj, S., Letellier, E., Leysen, W., Likonen, J., Linke, J., Linsmeier, C., Liu, G., Lo Schiavo, V. P., Lobel, R. C., Lomas, P. J., Lonnroth, J., Lopez, J. M., Lopez-Razola, J., Lorenzini, R., Losada, U., Lovell, J. J., Loving, A. B., Lowry, C., Luce, T., Lucock, R. M. A., Lukin, A., Luna, C., Lungaroni, M., Lungu, C. P., Lungu, M., Lunniss, A., Macdonald, N., Macheta, P., Maczewa, K., Magesh, B., Makkonen, T., Makwana, R., Malaquias, A., Malizia, A., Manning, A., Manzanares, A., Maquet, P., Marandet, Y., Marcenko, N., Marchetto, C., Marchuk, O., Marinelli, M., Marot, L., Marren, C. A., Marshal, R., Martin, A., Martin de Aguilera, A., Martinez, F. J., Martin-Solis, J. R., Martynova, Y., Maruyama, S., Masiello, A., Maslov, M., Matejcik, S., Matthews, G. F., Maviglia, F., May-Smith, T., Mazzotta, C., Mcclements, K. G., Mccormack, O., Mccullen, P. A., Mcdonald, D., Mcintosh, S., Mckean, R., Mckehon, J., Meadows, R. C., Meakins, A., Medina, F., Medland, M., Medley, S., Meigh, S., Meigs, A. G., Meitner, S., Meneses, L., Menmuir, S., Mergia, K., Merrigan, I. R., Mertens, P., Meshchaninov, S., Messiaen, A., Mianowski, S., Michling, R., Middleton-Gear, D., Militello-Asp, E., Miloshevsky, G., Minucci, S., Miyoshi, Y., Moneti, M., Mooney, R., Moradi, S., Mordijck, S., Moreira, L., Moreno, R., Moro, F., Morris, A. W., Morris, J., Moser, L., Mosher, S., Muraro, A., Murphy, S., Asakura, N. N., Y. S., Na, Naish, R., Nakano, T., Nave, M. F. F., Nedzelski, I., Nemtsev, G., Neto, A., Neverov, V. S., Newman, M., Nicholls, K. J., Nicolas, T., Nielsen, P., Nilsson, E., Nishijima, D., Noble, C., Nodwell, D., Nordlund, K., Nordman, H., Nunes, I., Odupitan, T., Ogawa, M. T., O'Gorman, T., Okabayashi, M., Olney, R., Omolayo, O., O'Mullane, M., Ongena, J., Orsitto, F., Orszagh, J., Oswuigwe, B. 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M., Formisano, A., Forsythe, L., Fortuna, L., Fortuna-Zalesna, E., Fortune, M., Foster, S., Franke, T., Franklin, T., Frasca, M., Freisinger, M., Fresa, R., Fuchs, V., Fuller, D., Fyvie, J., Gal, K., Galassi, D., Gallagher, J., Galvao, R., Gao, X., Gaudio, P., Gear, D. F., Gee, S. J., Gelfusa, M., Gerasimov, S., Gervasini, G., Gethins, M., Ghani, Z., Ghate, M., Gherendi, M., Giacalone, J. C., Gibson, C. S., Giegerich, T., Gil, C., Gil, L., Gilligan, S., Gin, D., Girardo, J. B., Giruzzi, G., Godwin, J., Goff, J., Gohil, P., Goloborod'Ko, V., Gomes, R., Goncalves, B., Goniche, M., Goodliffe, M., Goodyear, A., Gosk, M., Goulding, R., Goussarov, A., Gowland, R., Graham, B., Graham, M. E., Graves, J. P., Grazier, N., Grazier, P., Green, N. R., Grierson, B., Griph, F. S., Grisolia, C., Grist, D., Grove, R., Grundy, C. N., Grzonka, J., Guard, D., Guerard, C., Guillemaut, C., Gurl, C., Utoh, H. H., Hackett, L. J., Hagar, A., Hager, R., Halitovs, M., Hall, S. J., Hallworth Cook, S. 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T. C., Hoshino, K. K., Kamiya, K., Kaniewski, J., Kantor, A., Karkinsky, D., Karnowska, I., Kaufman, M., Kaveney, G., Kazakov, Y., Kazantzidis, V., Keeling, D. L., Keenan, T., Keep, J., Kempenaars, M., Kennedy, C., Kenny, D., Kent, J., Kent, O. N., Khilkevich, E., Kim, H. T., Kim, H. S., Kinch, A., King, C., King, D., King, R. F., Kinna, D. J., Kiptily, V., Kirov, K., Kirschner, A., Kizane, G., Klepper, C., Klix, A., Knight, P., Knipe, S. J., Knott, S., Kobuchi, T., Koechl, F., Kodeli, I., Kogan, L., Koivuranta, S., Kominis, Y., Koeppen, M., Kos, B., Koskela, T., Kovari, M., Kowalska-Strzeciwilk, E., Krasilnikov, A., Krasilnikov, V., Kresina, M., Kruezi, U., Ksiazek, I., Kukushkin, A., Kundu, A., Kwak, S., Kwiatkowski, R., Kwon, O. J., Laing, A., Lam, N., Lambertz, H. T., Lane, C., Lanthaler, S., Lapins, J., Lasa, A., Last, J. R., Laszynska, E., Lawless, R., Lawson, A., Lawson, K. D., Lazzaro, E., Lee, S., Lefebvre, X., Leggate, H. 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A., Reynolds, S., Riccardo, V., Richardson, N., Riddle, K., Rigamonti, D., Rimini, F. G., Risner, J., Riva, M., Roach, C., Robins, R. J., Robinson, S. A., Robinson, T., Robson, D. W., Roccella, R., Rodionov, R., Rodrigues, P., Rodriguez, J., Romanelli, F., Romanelli, M., Romanelli, S., Romazanov, J., Rowe, S., Rubinacci, G., Rubino, G., Ruchko, L., Ruiz, M., Ruset, C., Rzadkiewicz, J., Safi, E., Sagar, P., Saibene, G., Salmon, R., Salzedas, F., Samm, U., Sandiford, D., Santa, P., Santala, M. I. K., Santos, B., Santucci, A., Sartori, F., Sartori, R., Schlummer, T., Schmidt, V., Schmuck, S., Schoepf, K., Schworer, D., Scott, S. D., Sergienko, G., Sharapov, S. E., Shaw, A., Shaw, R., Sheikh, H., Shepherd, A., Shevelev, A., Shumack, A., Sibbald, M., Silburn, S., Simmons, P. A., Simpson-Hutchinson, J., Sinha, A., Sipila, S. K., Sips, A. C. C., Siren, P., Sirinelli, A., Sjostrand, H., Skiba, M., Skilton, R., Slabkowska, K., Slade, B., Smith, N., Smith, P. G., Smith, R., Smith, T. 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D., Zerbini, M., Zhou, Y., Zilli, E., Zoita, V., Zychor, I., ASDEX Upgrade Team, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Max Planck Society, EUROfusion MST1 Team, JET Contributors, Sias, G, Cannas, B, Fanni, A, Murari, A, Pau, A, Kallenbach, A, Aguiam, D, Aho-Mantila, L, Angioni, C, Arden, N, Arredondo Parra, R, Asunta, O, de Baar, M, Balden, M, Behler, K, Bergmann, A, Bernardo, J, Bernert, M, Beurskens, M, Biancalani, A, Bilato, R, Birkenmeier, G, Bobkov, V, Bock, A, Bogomolov, A, Bolzonella, T, Boeswirth, B, Bottereau, C, Bottino, A, van den Brand, H, Brezinsek, S, Brida, D, Brochard, F, Bruhn, C, Buchanan, J, Buhler, A, Burckhart, A, Cambon-Silva, D, Camenen, Y, Carvalho, P, Carrasco, G, Cazzaniga, C, Carr, M, Carralero, D, Casali, L, Castaldo, C, Cavedon, M, Challis, C, Chankin, A, Chapman, I, Clairet, F, Classen, I, Coda, S, Coelho, R, Coenen, J, Colas, L, Conway, G, Costea, S, Coster, D, Croci, G, Cseh, G, Czarnecka, A, D'Arcangelo, O, Day, C, Delogu, R, de Marne, P, Denk, S, 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Subjects
Disruption prediction, Tokamak, Offset (computer science), Computer science, Feature extraction, Disruption indicators, 01 natural sciences, Signal, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, [SPI.MECA.MEFL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Fluids mechanics [physics.class-ph], ASDEX Upgrade, law, Control theory, 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, 010306 general physics, Locked mode signal, Civil and Structural Engineering, Jet (fluid), Mechanical Engineering, [SPI.FLUID]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Reactive fluid environment, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Mode (statistics), Amplitude, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Disruption indicator
Abstract

International audience; The aim of this paper is to present a signal processing algorithm that, applied to the raw Locked Mode signal, allows us to obtain a disruption indicator in principle exploitable on different tokamaks. A common definition of such an indicator for different machines would facilitate the development of portable systems for disruption prediction, which is becoming of increasingly importance for the next tokamak generations. Moreover, the indicator allows us to overcome some intrinsic problems in the diagnostic system such as drift and offset. The behavior of the proposed indicator as disruption predictor, based on crossing optimized thresholds of the signal amplitude, has been analyzed using data of both JET and ASDEX Upgrade experiments. A thorough analysis of the disruption prediction performance shows how the indicator is able to recover some missed and tardy detections of the raw signal. Moreover, it intervenes and corrects premature or even wrong alarms due to, e.g., drifts and/or offsets.

Published
2019

30. Progress from ASDEX Upgrade experiments in preparing the physics basis of ITER operation and DEMO scenario development

Author

Stroth, U., primary, Aguiam, D., additional, Alessi, E., additional, Angioni, C., additional, Arden, N., additional, Parra, R. Arredondo, additional, Artigues, V., additional, Asunta, O., additional, Balden, M., additional, Bandaru, V., additional, Banon-Navarro, A., additional, Behler, K., additional, Bergmann, A., additional, Bergmann, M., additional, Bernardo, J., additional, Bernert, M., additional, Biancalani, A., additional, Bielajew, R., additional, Bilato, R., additional, Birkenmeier, G., additional, Blanken, T., additional, Bobkov, V., additional, Bock, A., additional, Body, T., additional, Bolzonella, T., additional, Bonanomi, N., additional, Bortolon, A., additional, Böswirth, B., additional, Bottereau, C., additional, Bottino, A., additional, van den Brand, H., additional, Brenzke, M., additional, Brezinsek, S., additional, Brida, D., additional, Brochard, F., additional, Bruhn, C., additional, Buchanan, J., additional, Buhler, A., additional, Burckhart, A., additional, Camenen, Y., additional, Cannas, B., additional, Megias, P. 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2022
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37. A locked mode indicator for disruption prediction on JET and ASDEX upgrade

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Sias, G, Cannas, B, Fanni, A, Murari, A, Pau, A, Kallenbach, A, Aguiam, D, Aho-Mantila, L, Angioni, C, Arden, N, Arredondo Parra, R, Asunta, O, de Baar, M, Balden, M, Behler, K, Bergmann, A, Bernardo, J, Bernert, M, Beurskens, M, Biancalani, A, Bilato, R, Birkenmeier, G, Bobkov, V, Bock, A, Bogomolov, A, Bolzonella, T, Boeswirth, B, Bottereau, C, Bottino, A, van den Brand, H, Brezinsek, S, Brida, D, Brochard, F, Bruhn, C, Buchanan, J, Buhler, A, Burckhart, A, Cambon-Silva, D, Camenen, Y, Carvalho, P, Carrasco, G, Cazzaniga, C, Carr, M, Carralero, D, Casali, L, Castaldo, C, Cavedon, M, Challis, C, Chankin, A, Chapman, I, Clairet, F, Classen, I, Coda, S, Coelho, R, Coenen, J, Colas, L, Conway, G, Costea, S, Coster, D, Croci, G, Cseh, G, Czarnecka, A, D'Arcangelo, O, Day, C, Delogu, R, de Marne, P, Denk, S, Denner, P, Dibon, M, D'Inca, R, Di Siena, A, Douai, D, Drenik, A, Drube, R, Dunne, M, Duval, B, Dux, R, Eich, T, Elgeti, S, Engelhardt, K, Erdos, B, Erofeev, I, Esposito, B, Fable, E, Faitsch, M, Fantz, U, Faugel, H, Felici, F, Fietz, S, Figueredo, A, Fischer, R, Ford, O, Frassinetti, L, Freethy, S, Froeschle, M, Fuchert, G, Fuchs, J, Fuenfgelder, H, Galazka, K, Galdon-Quiroga, J, Gallo, A, Gao, Y, Garavaglia, S, Garcia-Munoz, M, Geiger, B, Cianfarani, C, Giannone, L, Giovannozzi, E, Gleason-Gonzalez, C, Gloeggler, S, Gobbin, M, Goerler, T, Goodman, T, Gorini, G, Gradic, D, Graeter, A, Granucci, G, Greuner, H, Griener, M, Groth, M, Gude, A, Guenter, S, Guimarais, L, Haas, G, Hakola, A, Ham, C, Happel, T, Harrison, J, Hatch, D, Hauer, V, Hayward, T, Heinemann, B, Heinzel, S, Hellsten, T, Henderson, S, Hennequin, P, Herrmann, A, Heyn, E, Hitzler, F, Hobirk, J, Hoelzl, M, Hoeschen, T, Holm, J, Hopf, C, Hoppe, F, Horvath, L, Houben, A, Huber, A, Igochine, V, Ilkei, T, Ivanova-Stanik, I, Jacob, W, Jacobsen, A, Jacquot, J, Janky, F, Jardin, A, Jaulmes, F, Jenko, F, Jensen, T, Joffrin, E, Kasemann, C, Kalvin, S, Kantor, M, Kappatou, A, Kardaun, O, Karhunen, J, Kasilov, S, 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Palermo, F, Papp, G, Paradela Perez, I, Pautasso, G, Enzel, F, Petersson, P, Pinzon, J, Piovesan, P, Piron, C, Plaum, B, Ploeckl, B, Plyusnin, V, Pokol, G, Poli, E, Porte, L, Potzel, S, Prisiazhniuk, D, Putterich, T, Ramisch, M, Rapson, C, Rasmussen, J, Raupp, G, Refy, D, Reich, M, Reimold, F, Ribeiro, T, Riedl, R, Rittich, D, Rocchi, G, Rodriguez-Ramos, M, Rohde, V, Ross, A, Rott, M, Rubel, M, Ryan, D, Ryter, F, Saarelma, S, Salewski, M, Salmi, A, Sanchis-Sanchez, L, Santos, G, Santos, J, Sauter, O, Scarabosio, A, Schall, G, Schmid, K, Schmitz, O, Schneider, P, Schneller, M, Schrittwieser, R, Schubert, M, Schwarz-Selinger, T, Schweinzer, J, Scott, B, Sehmer, T, Sertoli, M, Shabbir, A, Shalpegin, A, Shao, L, Sharapov, S, Siccinio, M, Sieglin, B, Sigalov, A, Silva, A, Silva, C, Simon, P, Simpson, J, Snicker, A, Sommariva, C, Sozzi, C, Spolaore, M, Stejner, M, Stober, J, Stobbe, F, Stroth, U, Strumberger, E, Suarez, G, Sugiyama, K, Sun, H, Suttrop, W, Szepesi, T, Tal, B, Tala, T, 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E., Shaw A., Shaw R., Sheikh H., Shepherd A., Shevelev A., Shumack A., Sibbald M., Silburn S., Simmons P. A., Simpson-Hutchinson J., Sinha A., Sipila S. K., Sips A. C. C., Siren P., Sirinelli A., Sjostrand H., Skiba M., Skilton R., Slabkowska K., Slade B., Smith N., Smith P. G., Smith R., Smith T. J., Smithies M., Snoj L., Soare S., Solano E. R., Somers A., Sonato P., Sopplesa A., Sousa J., Spelzini T., Spineanu F., Stables G., Stamatelatos I., Stamp M. F., Staniec P., Stankunas G., Stan-Sion C., Stead M. J., Stefanikova E., Stephen A. V., Stephen M., Stevens A., Stevens B. D., Strachan J., Strauss H. R., Strom P., Stubbs G., Studholme W., Subba F., Summers H. P., Svensson J., Swiderski L., Szabolics T., Szawlowski M., Szepesi G., Suzuki T. T., Talbot A. R., Talebzadeh S., Taliercio C., Tame C., Tang W., Taroni L., Taylor D., Taylor K. A., Tegnered D., Telesca G., Teplova N., Tholerus E., Thomas J., Thomas J. D., Thomas P., Thompson A., Thompson C. A., Thompson V. 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M., Wiesen S., Wilkinson J., Williams J., Williams M., Wilson A. R., Wilson D. J., Wilson H. R., Wilson J., Withenshaw G., Withycombe A., Witts D. M., Wood D., Wood R., Woodley C., Wray S., Wright J., Wright J. C., Wu J., Wukitch S., Wynn A., Xu T., Yadikin D., Yanling W., Yao L., Yavorskij V., Yoo M. G., Young C., Young D., Young I. D., Young R., Zacks J., Zaitsev F. S., Zanino R., Zarins A., Zastrow K. D., Zerbini M., Zhou Y., Zilli E., Zoita V., and Zychor I.

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to present a signal processing algorithm that, applied to the raw Locked Mode signal, allows us to obtain a disruption indicator in principle exploitable on different tokamaks. A common definition of such an indicator for different machines would facilitate the development of portable systems for disruption prediction, which is becoming of increasingly importance for the next tokamak generations. Moreover, the indicator allows us to overcome some intrinsic problems in the diagnostic system such as drift and offset. The behavior of the proposed indicator as disruption predictor, based on crossing optimized thresholds of the signal amplitude, has been analyzed using data of both JET and ASDEX Upgrade experiments. A thorough analysis of the disruption prediction performance shows how the indicator is able to recover some missed and tardy detections of the raw signal. Moreover, it intervenes and corrects premature or even wrong alarms due to, e.g., drifts and/or offsets.

Published
2019

38. Overview of physics studies on ASDEX Upgrade

Author

Meyer, H, Angioni, C, Albert, C, Arden, N, Arredondo Parra, R, Asunta, O, De Baar, M, Balden, M, Bandaru, V, Behler, K, Bergmann, A, Bernardo, J, Bernert, M, Biancalani, A, Bilato, R, Birkenmeier, G, Blanken, T, Bobkov, V, Bock, A, Bolzonella, T, Bortolon, A, Boswirth, B, Bottereau, C, Bottino, A, Van Den Brand, H, Brezinsek, S, Brida, D, Brochard, F, Bruhn, C, Buchanan, J, Buhler, A, Burckhart, A, Camenen, Y, Carlton, D, Carr, M, Carralero, D, Castaldo, C, Cavedon, M, Cazzaniga, C, Ceccuzzi, S, Challis, C, Chankin, A, Chapman, S, Cianfarani, C, Clairet, F, Coda, S, Coelho, R, Coenen, J, Colas, L, Conway, G, Costea, S, Coster, D, Cote, T, Creely, A, Croci, G, Cseh, G, Czarnecka, A, Cziegler, I, D'Arcangelo, O, David, P, Day, C, Delogu, R, De Marne, P, Denk, S, Denner, P, Dibon, M, Di Siena, A, Douai, D, Drenik, A, Drube, R, Dunne, M, Duval, B, Dux, R, Eich, T, Elgeti, S, Engelhardt, K, Erdos, B, Erofeev, I, Esposito, B, Fable, E, Faitsch, M, Fantz, U, Faugel, H, Faust, I, Felici, F, Ferreira, J, Fietz, S, Figuereido, A, Fischer, R, Ford, O, Frassinetti, L, Freethy, S, Froschle, M, Fuchert, G, Fuchs, J, Funfgelder, H, Galazka, K, Galdon-Quiroga, J, Gallo, A, Gao, Y, Garavaglia, S, Garcia-Carrasco, A, Garcia-Munoz, M, Geiger, B, Giannone, L, Gil, L, Giovannozzi, E, Gleason-Gonzalez, C, Gloggler, S, Gobbin, M, Gorler, T, Gomez Ortiz, I, Gonzalez Martin, J, Goodman, T, Gorini, G, Gradic, D, Grater, A, Granucci, G, Greuner, H, Griener, M, Groth, M, Gude, A, Gunter, S, Guimarais, L, Haas, G, Hakola, A, Ham, C, Happel, T, Den Harder, N, Harrer, G, Harrison, J, Hauer, V, Hayward-Schneider, T, Hegna, C, Heinemann, B, Heinzel, S, Hellsten, T, Henderson, S, Hennequin, P, Herrmann, A, Heyn, M, Heyn, E, Hitzler, F, Hobirk, J, Hofler, K, Holzl, M, Hoschen, T, Holm, J, Hopf, C, Hornsby, W, Horvath, L, Houben, A, Huber, A, Igochine, V, Ilkei, T, Ivanova-Stanik, I, Jacob, W, Jacobsen, A, Janky, F, Jansen Van Vuuren, A, Jardin, A, Jaulmes, F, Jenko, F, Jensen, T, Joffrin, E, Kasemann, C, Kallenbach, A, Kalvin, S, Kantor, M, Kappatou, A, Kardaun, O, Karhunen, J, Kasilov, S, Kazakov, Y, Kernbichler, W, Kirk, A, Kjer Hansen, S, Klevarova, V, Kocsis, G, Kohn, A, Koubiti, M, Krieger, K, Krivska, A, Kramer-Flecken, A, Kudlacek, O, Kurki-Suonio, T, Kurzan, B, Labit, B, Lackner, K, Laggner, F, Lang, P, Lauber, P, Lebschy, A, Leuthold, N, Li, M, Linder, O, Lipschultz, B, Liu, F, Liu, Y, Lohs, A, Lu, Z, Luda Di Cortemiglia, T, Luhmann, N, Lunsford, R, Lunt, T, Lyssoivan, A, Maceina, T, Madsen, J, Maggiora, R, Maier, H, Maj, O, Mailloux, J, Maingi, R, Maljaars, E, Manas, P, Mancini, A, Manhard, A, Manso, M, Mantica, P, Mantsinen, M, Manz, P, Maraschek, M, Martens, C, Martin, P, Marrelli, L, Martitsch, A, Mayer, M, Mazon, D, Mccarthy, P, Mcdermott, R, Meister, H, Medvedeva, A, Merkel, R, Merle, A, Mertens, V, Meshcheriakov, D, Meyer, O, Miettunen, J, Milanesio, D, Mink, F, Mlynek, A, Monaco, F, Moon, C, Nabais, F, Nemes-Czopf, A, Neu, G, Neu, R, Nielsen, A, Nielsen, S, Nikolaeva, V, Nocente, M, Noterdaeme, J, Novikau, I, Nowak, S, Oberkofler, M, Oberparleiter, M, Ochoukov, R, Odstrcil, T, Olsen, J, Orain, F, Palermo, F, Pan, O, Papp, G, Paradela Perez, I, Pau, A, Pautasso, G, Penzel, F, Petersson, P, Pinzon Acosta, J, Piovesan, P, Piron, C, Pitts, R, Plank, U, Plaum, B, Ploeckl, B, Plyusnin, V, Pokol, G, Poli, E, Porte, L, Potzel, S, Prisiazhniuk, D, Putterich, T, Ramisch, M, Rasmussen, J, Ratta, G, Ratynskaia, S, Raupp, G, Ravera, G, Refy, D, Reich, M, Reimold, F, Reiser, D, Ribeiro, T, Riesch, J, Riedl, R, Rittich, D, Rivero-Rodriguez, J, Rocchi, G, Rodriguez-Ramos, M, Rohde, V, Ross, A, Rott, M, Rubel, M, Ryan, D, Ryter, F, Saarelma, S, Salewski, M, Salmi, A, Sanchis-Sanchez, L, Santos, J, Sauter, O, Scarabosio, A, Schall, G, Schmid, K, Schmitz, O, Schneider, P, Schrittwieser, R, Schubert, M, Schwarz-Selinger, T, Schweinzer, J, Scott, B, Sehmer, T, Seliunin, E, Sertoli, M, Shabbir, A, Shalpegin, A, Shao, L, Sharapov, S, Sias, G, Siccinio, M, Sieglin, B, Sigalov, A, Silva, A, Silva, C, Silvagni, D, Simon, P, Simpson, J, Smigelskis, E, Snicker, A, Sommariva, C, Sozzi, C, Spolaore, M, Stegmeir, A, Stejner, M, Stober, J, Stroth, U, Strumberger, E, Suarez, G, Sun, H, Suttrop, W, Sytova, E, Szepesi, T, Tal, B, Tala, T, Tardini, G, Tardocchi, M, Teschke, M, Terranova, D, Tierens, W, Thoren, E, Told, D, Tolias, P, Tudisco, O, Treutterer, W, Trier, E, Tripsky, M, Valisa, M, Valovic, M, Vanovac, B, Van Vugt, D, Varoutis, S, Verdoolaege, G, Vianello, N, Vicente, J, Vierle, T, Viezzer, E, Von Toussaint, U, Wagner, D, Wang, N, Wang, X, Weiland, M, White, A, Wiesen, S, Willensdorfer, M, Wiringer, B, Wischmeier, M, Wolf, R, Wolfrum, E, Xiang, L, Yang, Q, Yang, Z, Yu, Q, Zagorski, R, Zammuto, I, Zhang, W, Van Zeeland, M, Zehetbauer, T, Zilker, M, Zoletnik, S, Zohm, H, Meyer H., Angioni C., Albert C. G., Arden N., Arredondo Parra R., Asunta O., De Baar M., Balden M., Bandaru V., Behler K., Bergmann A., Bernardo J., Bernert M., Biancalani A., Bilato R., Birkenmeier G., Blanken T. C., Bobkov V., Bock A., Bolzonella T., Bortolon A., Boswirth B., Bottereau C., Bottino A., Van Den Brand H., Brezinsek S., Brida D., Brochard F., Bruhn C., Buchanan J., Buhler A., Burckhart A., Camenen Y., Carlton D., Carr M., Carralero D., Castaldo C., Cavedon M., Cazzaniga C., Ceccuzzi S., Challis C., Chankin A., Chapman S., Cianfarani C., Clairet F., Coda S., Coelho R., Coenen J. W., Colas L., Conway G. D., Costea S., Coster D. P., Cote T. B., Creely A., Croci G., Cseh G., Czarnecka A., Cziegler I., D'Arcangelo O., David P., Day C., Delogu R., De Marne P., Denk S. S., Denner P., Dibon M., Di Siena A., Douai D., Drenik A., Drube R., Dunne M., Duval B. P., Dux R., Eich T., Elgeti S., Engelhardt K., Erdos B., Erofeev I., Esposito B., Fable E., Faitsch M., Fantz U., Faugel H., Faust I., Felici F., Ferreira J., Fietz S., Figuereido A., Fischer R., Ford O., Frassinetti L., Freethy S., Froschle M., Fuchert G., Fuchs J. C., Funfgelder H., Galazka K., Galdon-Quiroga J., Gallo A., Gao Y., Garavaglia S., Garcia-Carrasco A., Garcia-Munoz M., Geiger B., Giannone L., Gil L., Giovannozzi E., Gleason-Gonzalez C., Gloggler S., Gobbin M., Gorler T., Gomez Ortiz I., Gonzalez Martin J., Goodman T., Gorini G., Gradic D., Grater A., Granucci G., Greuner H., Griener M., Groth M., Gude A., Gunter S., Guimarais L., Haas G., Hakola A. H., Ham C., Happel T., Den Harder N., Harrer G. F., Harrison J., Hauer V., Hayward-Schneider T., Hegna C. C., Heinemann B., Heinzel S., Hellsten T., Henderson S., Hennequin P., Herrmann A., Heyn M. F., Heyn E., Hitzler F., Hobirk J., Hofler K., Holzl M., Hoschen T., Holm J. H., Hopf C., Hornsby W. A., Horvath L., Houben A., Huber A., Igochine V., Ilkei T., Ivanova-Stanik I., Jacob W., Jacobsen A. S., Janky F., Jansen Van Vuuren A., Jardin A., Jaulmes F., Jenko F., Jensen T., Joffrin E., Kasemann C. -P., Kallenbach A., Kalvin S., Kantor M., Kappatou A., Kardaun O., Karhunen J., Kasilov S., Kazakov Y., Kernbichler W., Kirk A., Kjer Hansen S., Klevarova V., Kocsis G., Kohn A., Koubiti M., Krieger K., Krivska A., Kramer-Flecken A., Kudlacek O., Kurki-Suonio T., Kurzan B., Labit B., Lackner K., Laggner F., Lang P. T., Lauber P., Lebschy A., Leuthold N., Li M., Linder O., Lipschultz B., Liu F., Liu Y., Lohs A., Lu Z., Luda Di Cortemiglia T., Luhmann N. C., Lunsford R., Lunt T., Lyssoivan A., Maceina T., Madsen J., Maggiora R., Maier H., Maj O., Mailloux J., Maingi R., Maljaars E., Manas P., Mancini A., Manhard A., Manso M. -E., Mantica P., Mantsinen M., Manz P., Maraschek M., Martens C., Martin P., Marrelli L., Martitsch A., Mayer M., Mazon D., McCarthy P. J., McDermott R., Meister H., Medvedeva A., Merkel R., Merle A., Mertens V., Meshcheriakov D., Meyer O., Miettunen J., Milanesio D., Mink F., Mlynek A., Monaco F., Moon C., Nabais F., Nemes-Czopf A., Neu G., Neu R., Nielsen A. H., Nielsen S. K., Nikolaeva V., Nocente M., Noterdaeme J. -M., Novikau I., Nowak S., Oberkofler M., Oberparleiter M., Ochoukov R., Odstrcil T., Olsen J., Orain F., Palermo F., Pan O., Papp G., Paradela Perez I., Pau A., Pautasso G., Penzel F., Petersson P., Pinzon Acosta J., Piovesan P., Piron C., Pitts R., Plank U., Plaum B., Ploeckl B., Plyusnin V., Pokol G., Poli E., Porte L., Potzel S., Prisiazhniuk D., Putterich T., Ramisch M., Rasmussen J., Ratta G. A., Ratynskaia S., Raupp G., Ravera G. L., Refy D., Reich M., Reimold F., Reiser D., Ribeiro T., Riesch J., Riedl R., Rittich D., Rivero-Rodriguez J. F., Rocchi G., Rodriguez-Ramos M., Rohde V., Ross A., Rott M., Rubel M., Ryan D., Ryter F., Saarelma S., Salewski M., Salmi A., Sanchis-Sanchez L., Santos J., Sauter O., Scarabosio A., Schall G., Schmid K., Schmitz O., Schneider P. A., Schrittwieser R., Schubert M., Schwarz-Selinger T., Schweinzer J., Scott B., Sehmer T., Seliunin E., Sertoli M., Shabbir A., Shalpegin A., Shao L., Sharapov S., Sias G., Siccinio M., Sieglin B., Sigalov A., Silva A., Silva C., Silvagni D., Simon P., Simpson J., Smigelskis E., Snicker A., Sommariva C., Sozzi C., Spolaore M., Stegmeir A., Stejner M., Stober J., Stroth U., Strumberger E., Suarez G., Sun H. -J., Suttrop W., Sytova E., Szepesi T., Tal B., Tala T., Tardini G., Tardocchi M., Teschke M., Terranova D., Tierens W., Thoren E., Told D., Tolias P., Tudisco O., Treutterer W., Trier E., Tripsky M., Valisa M., Valovic M., Vanovac B., Van Vugt D., Varoutis S., Verdoolaege G., Vianello N., Vicente J., Vierle T., Viezzer E., Von Toussaint U., Wagner D., Wang N., Wang X., Weiland M., White A. E., Wiesen S., Willensdorfer M., Wiringer B., Wischmeier M., Wolf R., Wolfrum E., Xiang L., Yang Q., Yang Z., Yu Q., Zagorski R., Zammuto I., Zhang W., Van Zeeland M., Zehetbauer T., Zilker M., Zoletnik S., Zohm H., Meyer, H, Angioni, C, Albert, C, Arden, N, Arredondo Parra, R, Asunta, O, De Baar, M, Balden, M, Bandaru, V, Behler, K, Bergmann, A, Bernardo, J, Bernert, M, Biancalani, A, Bilato, R, Birkenmeier, G, Blanken, T, Bobkov, V, Bock, A, Bolzonella, T, Bortolon, A, Boswirth, B, Bottereau, C, Bottino, A, Van Den Brand, H, Brezinsek, S, Brida, D, Brochard, F, Bruhn, C, Buchanan, J, Buhler, A, Burckhart, A, Camenen, Y, Carlton, D, Carr, M, Carralero, D, Castaldo, C, Cavedon, M, Cazzaniga, C, Ceccuzzi, S, Challis, C, Chankin, A, Chapman, S, Cianfarani, C, Clairet, F, Coda, S, Coelho, R, Coenen, J, Colas, L, Conway, G, Costea, S, Coster, D, Cote, T, Creely, A, Croci, G, Cseh, G, Czarnecka, A, Cziegler, I, D'Arcangelo, O, David, P, Day, C, Delogu, R, De Marne, P, Denk, S, Denner, P, Dibon, M, Di Siena, A, Douai, D, Drenik, A, Drube, R, Dunne, M, Duval, B, Dux, R, Eich, T, Elgeti, S, Engelhardt, K, Erdos, B, Erofeev, I, Esposito, B, Fable, E, Faitsch, M, Fantz, U, Faugel, H, Faust, I, Felici, F, Ferreira, J, Fietz, S, Figuereido, A, Fischer, R, Ford, O, Frassinetti, L, Freethy, S, Froschle, M, Fuchert, G, Fuchs, J, Funfgelder, H, Galazka, K, Galdon-Quiroga, J, Gallo, A, Gao, Y, Garavaglia, S, Garcia-Carrasco, A, Garcia-Munoz, M, Geiger, B, Giannone, L, Gil, L, Giovannozzi, E, Gleason-Gonzalez, C, Gloggler, S, Gobbin, M, Gorler, T, Gomez Ortiz, I, Gonzalez Martin, J, Goodman, T, Gorini, G, Gradic, D, Grater, A, Granucci, G, Greuner, H, Griener, M, Groth, M, Gude, A, Gunter, S, Guimarais, L, Haas, G, Hakola, A, Ham, C, Happel, T, Den Harder, N, Harrer, G, Harrison, J, Hauer, V, Hayward-Schneider, T, Hegna, C, Heinemann, B, Heinzel, S, Hellsten, T, Henderson, S, Hennequin, P, Herrmann, A, Heyn, M, Heyn, E, Hitzler, F, Hobirk, J, Hofler, K, Holzl, M, Hoschen, T, Holm, J, Hopf, C, Hornsby, W, Horvath, L, Houben, A, Huber, A, Igochine, V, Ilkei, T, Ivanova-Stanik, I, Jacob, W, Jacobsen, A, Janky, F, Jansen Van Vuuren, A, Jardin, A, Jaulmes, F, Jenko, F, Jensen, T, Joffrin, E, Kasemann, C, Kallenbach, A, Kalvin, S, Kantor, M, Kappatou, A, Kardaun, O, Karhunen, J, Kasilov, S, Kazakov, Y, Kernbichler, W, Kirk, A, Kjer Hansen, S, Klevarova, V, Kocsis, G, Kohn, A, Koubiti, M, Krieger, K, Krivska, A, Kramer-Flecken, A, Kudlacek, O, Kurki-Suonio, T, Kurzan, B, Labit, B, Lackner, K, Laggner, F, Lang, P, Lauber, P, Lebschy, A, Leuthold, N, Li, M, Linder, O, Lipschultz, B, Liu, F, Liu, Y, Lohs, A, Lu, Z, Luda Di Cortemiglia, T, Luhmann, N, Lunsford, R, Lunt, T, Lyssoivan, A, Maceina, T, Madsen, J, Maggiora, R, Maier, H, Maj, O, Mailloux, J, Maingi, R, Maljaars, E, Manas, P, Mancini, A, Manhard, A, Manso, M, Mantica, P, Mantsinen, M, Manz, P, Maraschek, M, Martens, C, Martin, P, Marrelli, L, Martitsch, A, Mayer, M, Mazon, D, Mccarthy, P, Mcdermott, R, Meister, H, Medvedeva, A, Merkel, R, Merle, A, Mertens, V, Meshcheriakov, D, Meyer, O, Miettunen, J, Milanesio, D, Mink, F, Mlynek, A, Monaco, F, Moon, C, Nabais, F, Nemes-Czopf, A, Neu, G, Neu, R, Nielsen, A, Nielsen, S, Nikolaeva, V, Nocente, M, Noterdaeme, J, Novikau, I, Nowak, S, Oberkofler, M, Oberparleiter, M, Ochoukov, R, Odstrcil, T, Olsen, J, Orain, F, Palermo, F, Pan, O, Papp, G, Paradela Perez, I, Pau, A, Pautasso, G, Penzel, F, Petersson, P, Pinzon Acosta, J, Piovesan, P, Piron, C, Pitts, R, Plank, U, Plaum, B, Ploeckl, B, Plyusnin, V, Pokol, G, Poli, E, Porte, L, Potzel, S, Prisiazhniuk, D, Putterich, T, Ramisch, M, Rasmussen, J, Ratta, G, Ratynskaia, S, Raupp, G, Ravera, G, Refy, D, Reich, M, Reimold, F, Reiser, D, Ribeiro, T, Riesch, J, Riedl, R, Rittich, D, Rivero-Rodriguez, J, Rocchi, G, Rodriguez-Ramos, M, Rohde, V, Ross, A, Rott, M, Rubel, M, Ryan, D, Ryter, F, Saarelma, S, Salewski, M, Salmi, A, Sanchis-Sanchez, L, Santos, J, Sauter, O, Scarabosio, A, Schall, G, Schmid, K, Schmitz, O, Schneider, P, Schrittwieser, R, Schubert, M, Schwarz-Selinger, T, Schweinzer, J, Scott, B, Sehmer, T, Seliunin, E, Sertoli, M, Shabbir, A, Shalpegin, A, Shao, L, Sharapov, S, Sias, G, Siccinio, M, Sieglin, B, Sigalov, A, Silva, A, Silva, C, Silvagni, D, Simon, P, Simpson, J, Smigelskis, E, Snicker, A, Sommariva, C, Sozzi, C, Spolaore, M, Stegmeir, A, Stejner, M, Stober, J, Stroth, U, Strumberger, E, Suarez, G, Sun, H, Suttrop, W, Sytova, E, Szepesi, T, Tal, B, Tala, T, Tardini, G, Tardocchi, M, Teschke, M, Terranova, D, Tierens, W, Thoren, E, Told, D, Tolias, P, Tudisco, O, Treutterer, W, Trier, E, Tripsky, M, Valisa, M, Valovic, M, Vanovac, B, Van Vugt, D, Varoutis, S, Verdoolaege, G, Vianello, N, Vicente, J, Vierle, T, Viezzer, E, Von Toussaint, U, Wagner, D, Wang, N, Wang, X, Weiland, M, White, A, Wiesen, S, Willensdorfer, M, Wiringer, B, Wischmeier, M, Wolf, R, Wolfrum, E, Xiang, L, Yang, Q, Yang, Z, Yu, Q, Zagorski, R, Zammuto, I, Zhang, W, Van Zeeland, M, Zehetbauer, T, Zilker, M, Zoletnik, S, Zohm, H, Meyer H., Angioni C., Albert C. G., Arden N., Arredondo Parra R., Asunta O., De Baar M., Balden M., Bandaru V., Behler K., Bergmann A., Bernardo J., Bernert M., Biancalani A., Bilato R., Birkenmeier G., Blanken T. C., Bobkov V., Bock A., Bolzonella T., Bortolon A., Boswirth B., Bottereau C., Bottino A., Van Den Brand H., Brezinsek S., Brida D., Brochard F., Bruhn C., Buchanan J., Buhler A., Burckhart A., Camenen Y., Carlton D., Carr M., Carralero D., Castaldo C., Cavedon M., Cazzaniga C., Ceccuzzi S., Challis C., Chankin A., Chapman S., Cianfarani C., Clairet F., Coda S., Coelho R., Coenen J. W., Colas L., Conway G. D., Costea S., Coster D. P., Cote T. B., Creely A., Croci G., Cseh G., Czarnecka A., Cziegler I., D'Arcangelo O., David P., Day C., Delogu R., De Marne P., Denk S. S., Denner P., Dibon M., Di Siena A., Douai D., Drenik A., Drube R., Dunne M., Duval B. P., Dux R., Eich T., Elgeti S., Engelhardt K., Erdos B., Erofeev I., Esposito B., Fable E., Faitsch M., Fantz U., Faugel H., Faust I., Felici F., Ferreira J., Fietz S., Figuereido A., Fischer R., Ford O., Frassinetti L., Freethy S., Froschle M., Fuchert G., Fuchs J. C., Funfgelder H., Galazka K., Galdon-Quiroga J., Gallo A., Gao Y., Garavaglia S., Garcia-Carrasco A., Garcia-Munoz M., Geiger B., Giannone L., Gil L., Giovannozzi E., Gleason-Gonzalez C., Gloggler S., Gobbin M., Gorler T., Gomez Ortiz I., Gonzalez Martin J., Goodman T., Gorini G., Gradic D., Grater A., Granucci G., Greuner H., Griener M., Groth M., Gude A., Gunter S., Guimarais L., Haas G., Hakola A. H., Ham C., Happel T., Den Harder N., Harrer G. F., Harrison J., Hauer V., Hayward-Schneider T., Hegna C. C., Heinemann B., Heinzel S., Hellsten T., Henderson S., Hennequin P., Herrmann A., Heyn M. F., Heyn E., Hitzler F., Hobirk J., Hofler K., Holzl M., Hoschen T., Holm J. H., Hopf C., Hornsby W. A., Horvath L., Houben A., Huber A., Igochine V., Ilkei T., Ivanova-Stanik I., Jacob W., Jacobsen A. S., Janky F., Jansen Van Vuuren A., Jardin A., Jaulmes F., Jenko F., Jensen T., Joffrin E., Kasemann C. -P., Kallenbach A., Kalvin S., Kantor M., Kappatou A., Kardaun O., Karhunen J., Kasilov S., Kazakov Y., Kernbichler W., Kirk A., Kjer Hansen S., Klevarova V., Kocsis G., Kohn A., Koubiti M., Krieger K., Krivska A., Kramer-Flecken A., Kudlacek O., Kurki-Suonio T., Kurzan B., Labit B., Lackner K., Laggner F., Lang P. T., Lauber P., Lebschy A., Leuthold N., Li M., Linder O., Lipschultz B., Liu F., Liu Y., Lohs A., Lu Z., Luda Di Cortemiglia T., Luhmann N. C., Lunsford R., Lunt T., Lyssoivan A., Maceina T., Madsen J., Maggiora R., Maier H., Maj O., Mailloux J., Maingi R., Maljaars E., Manas P., Mancini A., Manhard A., Manso M. -E., Mantica P., Mantsinen M., Manz P., Maraschek M., Martens C., Martin P., Marrelli L., Martitsch A., Mayer M., Mazon D., McCarthy P. J., McDermott R., Meister H., Medvedeva A., Merkel R., Merle A., Mertens V., Meshcheriakov D., Meyer O., Miettunen J., Milanesio D., Mink F., Mlynek A., Monaco F., Moon C., Nabais F., Nemes-Czopf A., Neu G., Neu R., Nielsen A. H., Nielsen S. K., Nikolaeva V., Nocente M., Noterdaeme J. -M., Novikau I., Nowak S., Oberkofler M., Oberparleiter M., Ochoukov R., Odstrcil T., Olsen J., Orain F., Palermo F., Pan O., Papp G., Paradela Perez I., Pau A., Pautasso G., Penzel F., Petersson P., Pinzon Acosta J., Piovesan P., Piron C., Pitts R., Plank U., Plaum B., Ploeckl B., Plyusnin V., Pokol G., Poli E., Porte L., Potzel S., Prisiazhniuk D., Putterich T., Ramisch M., Rasmussen J., Ratta G. A., Ratynskaia S., Raupp G., Ravera G. L., Refy D., Reich M., Reimold F., Reiser D., Ribeiro T., Riesch J., Riedl R., Rittich D., Rivero-Rodriguez J. F., Rocchi G., Rodriguez-Ramos M., Rohde V., Ross A., Rott M., Rubel M., Ryan D., Ryter F., Saarelma S., Salewski M., Salmi A., Sanchis-Sanchez L., Santos J., Sauter O., Scarabosio A., Schall G., Schmid K., Schmitz O., Schneider P. A., Schrittwieser R., Schubert M., Schwarz-Selinger T., Schweinzer J., Scott B., Sehmer T., Seliunin E., Sertoli M., Shabbir A., Shalpegin A., Shao L., Sharapov S., Sias G., Siccinio M., Sieglin B., Sigalov A., Silva A., Silva C., Silvagni D., Simon P., Simpson J., Smigelskis E., Snicker A., Sommariva C., Sozzi C., Spolaore M., Stegmeir A., Stejner M., Stober J., Stroth U., Strumberger E., Suarez G., Sun H. -J., Suttrop W., Sytova E., Szepesi T., Tal B., Tala T., Tardini G., Tardocchi M., Teschke M., Terranova D., Tierens W., Thoren E., Told D., Tolias P., Tudisco O., Treutterer W., Trier E., Tripsky M., Valisa M., Valovic M., Vanovac B., Van Vugt D., Varoutis S., Verdoolaege G., Vianello N., Vicente J., Vierle T., Viezzer E., Von Toussaint U., Wagner D., Wang N., Wang X., Weiland M., White A. E., Wiesen S., Willensdorfer M., Wiringer B., Wischmeier M., Wolf R., Wolfrum E., Xiang L., Yang Q., Yang Z., Yu Q., Zagorski R., Zammuto I., Zhang W., Van Zeeland M., Zehetbauer T., Zilker M., Zoletnik S., and Zohm H.

Abstract

The ASDEX Upgrade (AUG) programme, jointly run with the EUROfusion MST1 task force, continues to significantly enhance the physics base of ITER and DEMO. Here, the full tungsten wall is a key asset for extrapolating to future devices. The high overall heating power, flexible heating mix and comprehensive diagnostic set allows studies ranging from mimicking the scrape-off-layer and divertor conditions of ITER and DEMO at high density to fully non-inductive operation (q 95 = 5.5, ) at low density. Higher installed electron cyclotron resonance heating power 6 MW, new diagnostics and improved analysis techniques have further enhanced the capabilities of AUG. Stable high-density H-modes with MW m-1 with fully detached strike-points have been demonstrated. The ballooning instability close to the separatrix has been identified as a potential cause leading to the H-mode density limit and is also found to play an important role for the access to small edge-localized modes (ELMs). Density limit disruptions have been successfully avoided using a path-oriented approach to disruption handling and progress has been made in understanding the dissipation and avoidance of runaway electron beams. ELM suppression with resonant magnetic perturbations is now routinely achieved reaching transiently . This gives new insight into the field penetration physics, in particular with respect to plasma flows. Modelling agrees well with plasma response measurements and a helically localised ballooning structure observed prior to the ELM is evidence for the changed edge stability due to the magnetic perturbations. The impact of 3D perturbations on heat load patterns and fast-ion losses have been further elaborated. Progress has also been made in understanding the ELM cycle itself. Here, new fast measurements of and E r allow for inter ELM transport analysis confirming that E r is dominated by the diamagnetic term even for fast timescales. New analysis techniques allow detailed comparison of the EL

Published
2019

43. Baat bij snelle toegang tot voer en water

Author

Molenaar, R., de Jong, I.C., Giersberg, M.F., Rodenburg, T.B., Van Dosselaer, Iris, De Baere, Kris, and van den Brand, H.

Subjects
Dierenwelzijn en gezondheid, WIAS, Adaptation Physiology, Animal Health & Welfare, Adaptatiefysiologie
Published
2021

44. Organic minerals promote broiler leg quality

Author

van den Brand, H., Guz, B.C., Molenaar, R., and de Jong, I.C.

Subjects
body regions, Dierenwelzijn en gezondheid, animal structures, animal diseases, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, WIAS, food and beverages, Adaptation Physiology, Animal Health & Welfare, Adaptatiefysiologie
Abstract

In broilers, leg problems can lead to reduced health and animal welfare, but also to higher mortality and lower processing yields. Preventing leg problems is therefore of great importance for both the bird and the broiler farmer.

Published
2021

45. Predicting hatchability of layer breeders and identifying effects of animal related and environmental factors

Author

Bouba, I, Visser, B., Kemp, B., Rodenburg, T. B., van den Brand, H., Bouba, I, Visser, B., Kemp, B., Rodenburg, T. B., and van den Brand, H.

Abstract

In this study, a data driven approach was used by applying linear regression and machine learning methods to understand animal related and environmental factors affecting hatchability. Data was obtained from a parent stock and grand-parent stock hatchery, including 1,737 batches of eggs incubated in the years 2010–2018. Animal related factors taken into consideration were strain (white vs. brown strain), breeder age, and egg weight uniformity at the start of incubation, whereas environmental factors considered were length of egg storage before incubation, egg weight loss during incubation and season. Effects of these factors on hatchability were analyzed with 3 different models: a linear regression (LR) model, a random forest (RF) model and a gradient boosting machine (GBM) model. In part one of the study, hatchability was predicted and the performance of the models in terms of coefficient of determination (R2) and root mean square error (RMSE) was compared. The ensemble machine learning models (RF: R2 = 0.35, RMSE = 8.41; GBM: R2 = 0.31, RMSE = 8.67) appeared to be superior than the LR model (R2 = 0.27, RMSE = 8.92) as indicated by the higher R2 and lower RMSE. In part 2 of the study, effects of these factors on hatchability were investigated more into detail. Hatchability was affected by strain, breeder age, egg weight uniformity, length of egg storage and season, but egg weight loss didn't have a significant effect on hatchability. Additionally, four 2-way interactions (breeder age × egg weight uniformity, breeder age × length of egg storage, breeder age × strain, season × strain) were significant on hatchability. It can be concluded that hatchability of parent stock and grand-parent stock layer breeders is affected by several animal related and environmental factors, but the size of the predicted effects varies between the methods used. In this study, 3 models were used to predict hatchability and to anal

Published
2021

47. A journey to improve robustness of veal calves

Author

Kemp, B., van Reenen, C.G., van den Brand, H., Marcato, Francesca, Kemp, B., van Reenen, C.G., van den Brand, H., and Marcato, Francesca

Abstract

Veal calves are mostly male calves and surplus female calves born on dairy farms. These animals may be considered by-products and they may not represent a priority for the dairy sector. As a consequence, these animals might receive poorer post-natal care on dairy farms (including feeding lower amounts of colostrum of moderate quality and poorer navel disinfection after birth). These calves undergo many challenges in the early stages of their life, such as transportation at a young age (14-20 d of age), commingling at a collection centre, and changes in housing and management conditions upon arrival at the veal farm. All these challenges contribute to the spread of pathogens and lead to a high susceptibility to diseases, and to high morbidity rates at the veal farms, especially with regard to respiratory and gastrointestinal problems. Consequently, at the veal farm, administration of antimicrobials is often high in the first weeks post-transport. However, a high use of antimicrobials is associated with antimicrobial resistance, which represents a threat to both animals and humans. To prevent high use of antimicrobials, alternative strategies, including the improvement of calves’ robustness before their arrival at the veal farm, might be used. Robustness can be defined as the capacity of an animal to cope with environmental challenges and to bounce back rapidly after challenges occur. Robust animals are well equipped to cope with endemic infections and to fight diseases and thus have a lower need for antimicrobials. Robustness can be measured in terms of physiological indicators, which reflect the capacity of an animal to regulate body functions in relation to external stimuli. This in turn might have an effect on morbidity, mortality rate of animals and antimicrobial use, which also represent additional measurements of robustness. Robustness can be shaped by early-life environmental factors and by animal functional reserves. The aim of this thesis was to investigate

Published
2021

48. Low Incubation Temperature During Late Incubation and Early Feeding Affect Broiler Resilience to Necrotic Enteritis in Later Life

Author

Wijnen, Jan, van der Pol, C.W., Van Roovert-Reijrink, Inge, De Smet, Joren, Lammers, A., Kemp, B., van den Brand, H., Molenaar, R., Wijnen, Jan, van der Pol, C.W., Van Roovert-Reijrink, Inge, De Smet, Joren, Lammers, A., Kemp, B., van den Brand, H., and Molenaar, R.

Abstract

Resilient animals can cope with environmental disturbances in life with minimal loss of function. Resilience can be enhanced by optimizing early-life conditions. In poultry, eggshell temperature (EST) during incubation and early feeding are two early-life conditions that are found to alter neonatal chick quality as well as immune response in later life. However, whether these early-life conditions affect disease resilience of chickens at later ages has never been studied yet. Hence, we studied the effects of EST [(37.8°C (control) or 36.7°C (lower)] during late incubation (≥embryonic days 17–19.5) and feeding strategy after hatch [immediately (early feeding) or 51–54 h delayed (delayed feeding)] on later-life broiler resilience in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. At hatch, 960 broilers of both sexes from a 54-week-old Ross breeder flock were equally divided over 32 pens (eight replicate pens per treatment combination) and grown for 6 weeks. Necrotic enteritis was induced by a single inoculation of Eimeria spp. at d 21 and repeated Clostridium perfringens inoculation (3×/d) during d 21–25. Mortality and body weight (BW) gain were measured daily during d 21–35 as indicators of resilience. Additionally, disease morbidity was assessed (gut lesions, dysbacteriosis, shedding of oocysts, footpad dermatitis, and natural antibody levels in blood). Results showed a lack of interaction between EST and feeding strategy for the vast majority of the variables. A lower EST resulted in lower BW gain at d 5 and 8 post Eimeria inoculation (P = 0.02) and more Eimeria maxima oocysts in feces at d 8 post Eimeria inoculation compared to control EST (P < 0.01). Early feeding tended to lower mortality compared to delayed feeding (P = 0.06), but BW gain was not affected by feeding strategy. Morbidity characteristics were hardly affected by EST or feeding strategy. In conclusion, a few indications were found that a lower EST during late incubation as well as delayed feeding after hatch may eac

Published
2021

49. Predicting hatchability of layer breeders and identifying effects of animal related and environmental factors

Author

Bouba, I., Visser, B., Kemp, B., Rodenburg, T.B., van den Brand, H., Bouba, I., Visser, B., Kemp, B., Rodenburg, T.B., and van den Brand, H.

Abstract

In this study, a data driven approach was used by applying linear regression and machine learning methods to understand animal related and environmental factors affecting hatchability. Data was obtained from a parent stock and grand-parent stock hatchery, including 1,737 batches of eggs incubated in the years 2010–2018. Animal related factors taken into consideration were strain (white vs. brown strain), breeder age, and egg weight uniformity at the start of incubation, whereas environmental factors considered were length of egg storage before incubation, egg weight loss during incubation and season. Effects of these factors on hatchability were analyzed with 3 different models: a linear regression (LR) model, a random forest (RF) model and a gradient boosting machine (GBM) model. In part one of the study, hatchability was predicted and the performance of the models in terms of coefficient of determination (R2) and root mean square error (RMSE) was compared. The ensemble machine learning models (RF: R2 = 0.35, RMSE = 8.41; GBM: R2 = 0.31, RMSE = 8.67) appeared to be superior than the LR model (R2 = 0.27, RMSE = 8.92) as indicated by the higher R2 and lower RMSE. In part 2 of the study, effects of these factors on hatchability were investigated more into detail. Hatchability was affected by strain, breeder age, egg weight uniformity, length of egg storage and season, but egg weight loss didn't have a significant effect on hatchability. Additionally, four 2-way interactions (breeder age × egg weight uniformity, breeder age × length of egg storage, breeder age × strain, season × strain) were significant on hatchability. It can be concluded that hatchability of parent stock and grand-parent stock layer breeders is affected by several animal related and environmental factors, but the size of the predicted effects varies between the methods used. In this study, 3 models were used to predict hatchability and to analyze effects of animal related and environmental factors on

Published
2021

50. Effects of oxygen concentration during incubation and broiler breeder age on embryonic heat production, chicken development, and 7-day performance

Author

Nangsuay, A., Molenaar, R., Meijerhof, R., van den Anker, I., Heetkamp, M.J.W., Kemp, B., van den Brand, H., Nangsuay, A., Molenaar, R., Meijerhof, R., van den Anker, I., Heetkamp, M.J.W., Kemp, B., and van den Brand, H.

Abstract

Older breeder flocks produce eggs with a relatively larger yolk and thereby a higher nutrient availability than young breeder flocks. To optimise nutrient utilisation and embryonic development throughout incubation and posthatch period, embryos originating from older breeder flocks may require a higher oxygen availability. The current study investigated effects of broiler breeder flock age and incubational oxygen concentration on embryonic metabolism and chicken development until 7-day posthatch. Similar sized eggs of a young (28–32 week) or old (55–59 week) Cobb 500 breeder flock were incubated at one of three oxygen concentrations (17%, 21% or 25%) from day 7 of incubation until 6 h after emergence from the eggshell. Posthatch, chickens were reared until 7 days of age. Egg composition at the start of incubation, heat production during incubation, and embryo or chicken development at embryonic day (ED)14 and ED18 of incubation, 6 h after hatch and day 7 posthatch were evaluated. An interaction was found between breeder age and oxygen concentration for yolk-free body mass (YFBM) at ED18. A higher oxygen concentration increased YFBM in the old breeder flock, whereas no difference was found between 21 and 25% oxygen in the young breeder flock. Yolk size was larger in the old compared to the young flock from ED0 until 6 h after hatch. Breeder flock age did not affect YFBM at ED14 and 6 h after hatch nor daily embryonic heat production, but there were some effects on relative organ weights. Chickens of the old compared to the young breeder flock showed a higher weight gain at day 7, but at a similar feed conversion ratio (FCR). A higher oxygen concentration during incubation stimulated embryonic development, especially between 17% and 21% of oxygen, in both flock ages. Although this growth advantage disappeared at 7 days posthatch, a low oxygen concentration during incubation resulted in a higher FCR at 7 days posthatch. Results indicated that breeder flock age seemed t

Published
2021

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