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16. Maximal Fully Tethered Swim Performance in Para Swimmers With Physical Impairment.

Author

Hogarth, Luke, Burkett, Brendan, Van de Vliet, Peter, and Payton, Carl

Subjects
ATHLETIC ability, EXTREMITIES (Anatomy), LONGITUDINAL method, MUSCLE rigidity, SPORTS for people with disabilities, SWIMMING
Abstract

The assessment of swimming propulsion should be a cornerstone of Paralympic swimming classification. However, current methods do not objectively account for this component. Purpose: To evaluate the swimming propulsion of swimmers with and without physical impairment using a 30-second maximal fully tethered freestyle swim test. Methods: Tethered forces were recorded during maximal fully tethered swimming in 80 competitive swimmers with (n = 70) and without (n = 10) physical impairment. The relationships between absolute and normalized tether forces and maximal freestyle swim speed were established using general additive models. Results: Para swimmers with physical impairment had lower absolute and normalized tether forces than able-bodied swimmers, and there were moderate positive correlations found between tether forces and sport class (T = .52-.55, P < .001). There was a nonlinear relationship between tether force and maximal freestyle swim speed in the participant cohort (adjusted R² = .78-.80, P < .001). Para swimmers with limb deficiency showed stronger relationships between tether force and maximal freestyle swim speed (adjusted R² = .78-.82, P < .001) than did Para swimmers with hypertonia (adjusted R² = .54-.73, P < .001) and impaired muscle power (adjusted R² = .61-.70, P < .001). Conclusions: Physical impairments affect Para swimmers' tether forces during maximal fully tethered freestyle swimming, explaining a significant proportion of their activity limitation. It is recommended that maximal fully tethered swimming be included in Paralympic swimming classification as an objective assessment of swimming propulsion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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19. The Ability of Elite Table Tennis Players with Intellectual Disabilities to Adapt Their Service/Return

Author

Van Biesen, Debbie, Verellen, Joeri, Meyer, Christophe, Mactavish, Jennifer, Van de Vliet, Peter, and Vanlandewijck, Yves

Abstract

In this study the ability of elite table tennis players with intellectual disability (ID) to adapt their service/return to specific ball spin characteristics was investigated. This was done by examining the performance of 39 players with ID and a reference group of 8 players without ID on a standardized table tennis specific test battery. The battery included 16 sets of 15 identical serves that had to be returned to a fixed target, and two additional tests measuring reaction time and upper limb speed. A 2 x 4 ANOVA (with group and type of spin as independent variables) with repeated measurements (15 consecutive returns) supported the hypothesis that elite table tennis players with ID were significantly less proficient than their counterparts without ID, but both groups demonstrated a comparable progression in learning. Spearman correlation coefficients indicated a positive relationship between accuracy of return and upper limb speed (rho = 0.42: p less than 0.05) and reaction time (rho = 0.41: p less than 0.05), showing that these generic factors are useful in partially explaining skill variations in specific sports. (Contains 1 table and 5 figures.)

Published
2010

26. Infographic. The first position statement of the Concussion in Para Sport Group

Author

Weiler, Richard, primary, Blauwet, Cheri, additional, Clarke, David, additional, Dalton, Kristine, additional, Derman, Wayne, additional, Fagher, Kristina, additional, Gouttebarge, Vincent, additional, Kissick, James, additional, Lee, Kenneth, additional, Lexell, Jan, additional, Van de Vliet, Peter, additional, Verhagen, Evert, additional, Webborn, Nick, additional, Virgile, Adam, additional, and Ahmed, Osman Hassan, additional

Published
2021
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28. Para sport translation of the IOC consensus on recording and reporting of data for injury and illness in sport

Author

Derman, Wayne, primary, Badenhorst, Marelise, additional, Blauwet, Cheri, additional, Emery, Carolyn A, additional, Fagher, Kristina, additional, Lee, Young-Hee, additional, Kissick, James, additional, Lexell, Jan, additional, Miller, Ian Stuart, additional, Pluim, Babette M, additional, Schwellnus, Martin, additional, Steffen, Kathrin, additional, Van de Vliet, Peter, additional, Webborn, Nick, additional, and Weiler, Richard, additional

Published
2021
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29. Concussion in para sport: the first position statement of the Concussion in Para Sport (CIPS) Group

Author

Weiler, Richard, primary, Blauwet, Cheri, additional, Clarke, David, additional, Dalton, Kristine, additional, Derman, Wayne, additional, Fagher, Kristina, additional, Gouttebarge, Vincent, additional, Kissick, James, additional, Lee, Kenneth, additional, Lexell, Jan, additional, Van de Vliet, Peter, additional, Verhagen, Evert, additional, Webborn, Nick, additional, and Ahmed, Osman Hassan, additional

Published
2021
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31. High incidence of injuries at the Pyeongchang 2018 Paralympic Winter Games : a prospective cohort study of 6804 athlete days

Author

Derman, Wayne, Runciman, Phoebe, Jordaan, Esme, Schwellnus, Martin, Blauwet, Cheri, Webborn, Nick, Lexell, Jan, van de Vliet, Peter, Kissick, James, Stomphorst, Jaap, Lee, Young-Hee, Kim, Keun-Suh, Derman, Wayne, Runciman, Phoebe, Jordaan, Esme, Schwellnus, Martin, Blauwet, Cheri, Webborn, Nick, Lexell, Jan, van de Vliet, Peter, Kissick, James, Stomphorst, Jaap, Lee, Young-Hee, and Kim, Keun-Suh

Abstract

Objective: To describe the epidemiology of sports injury at the Pyeongchang 2018 Paralympic Winter Games. Methods: 567 athletes from 49 countries were monitored daily for 12 days over the Pyeongchang 2018 Paralympic Winter Games (6804 athlete days). Injury data were obtained daily from teams with their own medical support (41 teams and 557 athletes) and teams without their own medical support (8 teams and 10 athletes) through two electronic data capturing systems. Results: 112 of 567 athletes (19.8%) reported a total of 142 injuries, with an injury incidence rate (IR) of 20.9 per 1000 athlete days (95% CI 17.4 to 25.0). The highest IR was reported for para snowboard (IR of 40.5 per 1000 athlete days [95% CI 28.5 to 57.5]; p<0.02), particularly in the lower limb and head/face/neck anatomical areas. Across all sports at the Games, acute traumatic injuries (IR of 16.2 per 1000 athlete days [95% CI 13.2 to 19.8]) and injuries to the shoulder/arm/elbow complex (IR of 5.7 per 1000 athlete days [95% CI 4.2 to 7.8]) were most common. However, most injuries (78.9%) did not require time loss. Conclusion: The new Paralympic Winter Games sport of Para snowboard requires attention to implement actions that will reduce injury risk. The shoulder was the most injured single joint-a consistent finding in elite para sport.

Published
2020
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32. The impact of limb deficiency impairment on Para swimming performance

Author

Hogarth, Luke, Payton, Carl, van de Vliet, Peter, Burkett, Brendan, Hogarth, Luke, Payton, Carl, van de Vliet, Peter, and Burkett, Brendan

Abstract

Swimmers with limb deficiency are a core population within Para Swimming, accordingly this study examined the contribution of limb segments to race performance in these swimmers. Data were obtained for 174 male Para swimmers with limb deficiency. Ensemble partial least squares regression showed accurate predictions when using relative limb segment lengths to estimate Para swimmers’ personal best race performances. The contribution of limb segments to performance in swim events was estimated using these regression models. The analysis found swim stroke and event distance to influence the contributions of limb segments to performance. For freestyle swim events, these changes were primarily due to the increased importance of the hand, and decreased importance of the foot and shank, as the distance of the event increased. When comparing swim strokes, higher importance of the thigh and shank in the 100 m breaststroke compared with other swim strokes confirms the separate SB class. Varied contributions of the hand, upper arm and foot suggest that freestyle could also be separated from backstroke and butterfly events to promote fairer classification. This study shows that swim stroke and event distance influence the activity limitation of Para swimmers with limb deficiency suggesting classification should account for these factors.

Published
2020

41. Incidence rate and burden of illness at the Pyeongchang 2018 Paralympic Winter Games

Author

Derman, Wayne, Runciman, Phoebe, Jordaan, Esme, Schwellnus, Martin, Blauwet, Cheri, Webborn, Nick, Lexell, Jan, van de Vliet, Peter, Kissick, James, Stomphorst, Jaap, Lee, Young-Hee, Kim, Keun-Suh, Derman, Wayne, Runciman, Phoebe, Jordaan, Esme, Schwellnus, Martin, Blauwet, Cheri, Webborn, Nick, Lexell, Jan, van de Vliet, Peter, Kissick, James, Stomphorst, Jaap, Lee, Young-Hee, and Kim, Keun-Suh

Abstract

Objective To describe the incidence rate (IR) and illness burden (IB) at the Pyeongchang 2018 Paralympic Winter Games. Methods A total of 567 athletes from 49 countries were monitored for 12 days over the Pyeongchang 2018 Games (6804 athlete days). Illness data were obtained daily from teams with (41 teams, 557 athletes) and teams without (8 teams, 10 athletes) their own medical support, through electronic data capturing systems. Results There were 87 illnesses reported, with an illness IR of 12.8 illnesses per 1000 athlete days (95% CI 10.2 to 16.0) and IB of 6.8 days lost per 1000 athlete days (95% CI 3.4 to 13.5). The highest IR was reported for Para snowboard (IR of 19.7 [95% CI 12.0 to 32.2]). Illnesses in the respiratory system (IR of 4.1 [95% CI 2.9 to 5.9]; IB of 1.4 [95% CI 0.6 to 3.0]), skin and subcutaneous system (IR of 2.5 [95% CI 1.5 to 4.1]; IB of 0.6 [95% CI 0.1 to 2.9]), and eye and ocular adnexa (IR of 1.6 [95% CI 0.9 to 3.1]; IB of 0.5 [95% CI 0.1 to 3.3]) were the most common. Conclusion This is the first study to report both the IR and IB in this setting. There was a high IR of illness in the new sport of Para snowboard. The respiratory system had both the highest IR and IB.

Published
2019
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42. Stakeholder perspectives on research and development priorities for mobility assistive-technology: a literature review

Author

Alqahtani, Saleh, primary, Joseph, James, additional, Dicianno, Brad, additional, Layton, Natasha Ann, additional, Toro, Maria Luisa, additional, Ferretti, Eliana, additional, Tuakli-Wosornu, Yetsa A., additional, Chhabra, Harvinder, additional, Neyedli, Heather, additional, Lopes, Celia Regina, additional, Alqahtani, Mazen M., additional, Van de Vliet, Peter, additional, Kumagaya, Shin-Ichiro, additional, Kim, Jong-Bae, additional, McKinney, Vic, additional, Yang, Yu-Sheng, additional, Goldberg, Mary, additional, and Cooper, Rory, additional

Published
2019
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44. High incidence of injuries at the Pyeongchang 2018 Paralympic Winter Games: a prospective cohort study of 6804 athlete days

Author

Derman, Wayne, primary, Runciman, Phoebe, additional, Jordaan, Esme, additional, Schwellnus, Martin, additional, Blauwet, Cheri, additional, Webborn, Nick, additional, Lexell, Jan, additional, van de Vliet, Peter, additional, Kissick, James, additional, Stomphorst, Jaap, additional, Lee, Young-Hee, additional, and Kim, Keun-Suh, additional

Published
2019
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46. Stakeholder perspectives on research and development priorities for mobility assistive-technology: a literature review.

Author

Alqahtani, Saleh, Joseph, James, Dicianno, Brad, Layton, Natasha Ann, Toro, Maria Luisa, Ferretti, Eliana, Tuakli-Wosornu, Yetsa A., Chhabra, Harvinder, Neyedli, Heather, Lopes, Celia Regina, Alqahtani, Mazen M., Van de Vliet, Peter, Kumagaya, Shin-Ichiro, Kim, Jong-Bae, McKinney, Vic, Yang, Yu-Sheng, Goldberg, Mary, and Cooper, Rory

Subjects
CINAHL database, ONLINE information services, ASSISTIVE technology, HEALTH services accessibility, SYSTEMATIC reviews, PEOPLE with disabilities, MEDLINE, MEDICAL research, MEDICAL needs assessment
Abstract

Over one billion people with disabilities (PWDs) and older adults with mobility impairment are currently in need of assistive technology devices (ATDs) and only 10% of those population have ordinarily access to them. The need for advancement in mobility-assistive technology is growing to address the gap in ATDs provision globally. The purpose of this review is to identify potential future areas of development and research in mobility-assistive technology. Publications were identified using scientific and medical electronic databases. Also, a limited grey literature search was conducted to muster a variety of sources. A combination of keyword search terms was used, corresponding to the medical subject heading (MeSH) terms. A total of 392 articles were identified, of which 75 were selected for detailed review. Twenty-eight articles were identified that met the review's inclusion criteria. Future areas of research for mobility-assistive technology were identified by grouping the publications into four main categories. The findings of this review identified several areas of research and development in ATDs in general and mobility-assistive technology, in particular, with special attention to the importance of engaging users and stakeholders in the process of research and design. It is apparent that users' needs and priorities vary between regions within countries. The majority of studies were noted to mainly identify consumers' perspectives on a national basis. The authors, therefore, suggest that further research should be conducted on a global level to determine the knowledge and perspectives concerning future research and development needs and priorities in mobility-assistive technologies. Despite the benefits derived from the use of ATDs, only 10% of people with disabilities have access to them. Increasing access, quality and affordable ATDs in all countries is global demand. Identifying mobility consumers' needs and priorities would help in enhancing their quality of life by translating research into new technologies that meet their environment and culture needs. Users' involvement in research and design process is a crucial approach to re-shape the future research agenda. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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50. Sport, sex and age increase risk of illness at the Rio 2016 Summer Paralympic Games: a prospective cohort study of 51 198 athlete days

Author

Derman, Wayne, primary, Schwellnus, Martin P, additional, Jordaan, Esme, additional, Runciman, Phoebe, additional, Blauwet, Cheri, additional, Webborn, Nick, additional, Lexell, Jan, additional, Van de Vliet, Peter, additional, Tuakli-Wosornu, Yetsa, additional, Kissick, James, additional, and Stomphorst, Jaap, additional

Published
2017
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