240 results on '"Van Herp, Michel"'
Search Results
2. Yellow fever resurgence: An avoidable crisis?
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Lindsey, Nicole P., Horton, Jennifer, Barrett, Alan D. T., Demanou, Maurice, Monath, Thomas P., Tomori, Oyewale, Van Herp, Michel, Zeller, Herve, Fall, Ibrahima Soce, Cibrelus, Laurence, and Erin Staples, J.
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- 2022
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3. An oral antiviral for Ebola disease
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Sprecher, Armand, primary and Van Herp, Michel, additional
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- 2024
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4. Revisiting the minimum incubation period of Zaire ebolavirus
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Kofman, Aaron D, primary, Haberling, Dana L, additional, Mbuyi, Gisele, additional, Martel, Lise D, additional, Whitesell, Amy N, additional, Van Herp, Michel, additional, Makaya, Gerry, additional, Corvil, Salomon, additional, Abedi, Aaron Aruna, additional, Ngoma, Patrick Mavungu, additional, Mbuyi, Francis, additional, Mossoko, Mathias, additional, Koivogui, Enogo, additional, Soke, Norbert, additional, Gbamou, Nouonan, additional, Fonjungo, Peter N, additional, Keita, Lamine, additional, Keita, Sakoba, additional, Shoemaker, Trevor R, additional, Richards, Guy A, additional, Montgomery, Joel M, additional, Breman, Joel G, additional, Geisbert, Thomas W, additional, Choi, Mary J, additional, and Rollin, Pierre E, additional
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- 2023
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5. Clinical Management of Ebola Virus Disease Patients in Low-Resource Settings
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Sprecher, Armand, Van Herp, Michel, Rollin, Pierre E., Compans, Richard W, Series editor, Honjo, Tasuku, Series editor, Malissen, Bernard, Series editor, Aktories, Klaus, Series editor, Rappuoli, Rino, Series editor, Galan, Jorge E., Series editor, Ahmed, Rafi, Series editor, Palme, Klaus, Series editor, Casadevall, Arturo, Series editor, Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo, Series editor, Iwasaki, Akiko, Series editor, Mühlberger, Elke, editor, Hensley, Lisa L., editor, and Towner, Jonathan S., editor
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- 2017
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6. First Newborn Baby to Receive Experimental Therapies Survives Ebola Virus Disease
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Dörnemann, Jenny, Burzio, Chiara, Ronsse, Axelle, Sprecher, Armand, De Clerck, Hilde, Van Herp, Michel, Kolié, Marie-Claire, Yosifiva, Vesselina, Caluwaerts, Severine, McElroy, Anita K., and Antierens, Annick
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- 2017
7. Analysis of Diagnostic Findings From the European Mobile Laboratory in Guéckédou, Guinea, March 2014 Through March 2015
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Kerber, Romy, Krumkamp, Ralf, Diallo, Boubacar, Jaeger, Anna, Rudolf, Martin, Lanini, Simone, Bore, Joseph Akoi, Koundouno, Fara Raymond, Becker-Ziaja, Beate, Fleischmann, Erna, Stoecker, Kilian, Meschi, Silvia, Mély, Stéphane, Newman, Edmund N. C., Carletti, Fabrizio, Portmann, Jasmine, Korva, Misa, Wolff, Svenja, Molkenthin, Peter, Kis, Zoltan, Kelterbaum, Anne, Bocquin, Anne, Strecker, Thomas, Fizet, Alexandra, Castilletti, Concetta, Schudt, Gordian, Ottowell, Lisa, Kurth, Andreas, Atkinson, Barry, Badusche, Marlis, Cannas, Angela, Pallasch, Elisa, Bosworth, Andrew, Yue, Constanze, Pályi, Bernadett, Ellerbrok, Heinz, Kohl, Claudia, Oestereich, Lisa, Logue, Christopher H., Lüdtke, Anja, Richter, Martin, Ngabo, Didier, Borremans, Benny, Becker, Dirk, Gryseels, Sophie, Abdellati, Saïd, Vermoesen, Tine, Kuisma, Eeva, Kraus, Annette, Liedigk, Britta, Maes, Piet, Thom, Ruth, Duraffour, Sophie, Diederich, Sandra, Hinzmann, Julia, Afrough, Babak, Repits, Johanna, Mertens, Marc, Vitoriano, Inês, Bah, Amadou, Sachse, Andreas, Boettcher, Jan Peter, Wurr, Stephanie, Bockholt, Sabrina, Nitsche, Andreas, Županc, Tatjana Avšič, Strasser, Marc, Ippolito, Giuseppe, Becker, Stephan, Raoul, Herve, Carroll, Miles W., De Clerck, Hilde, Van Herp, Michel, Sprecher, Armand, Koivogui, Lamine, Magassouba, N'Faly, Keïta, Sakoba, Drury, Patrick, Gurry, Cèline, Formenty, Pierre, May, Jürgen, Gabriel, Martin, Wölfel, Roman, Günther, Stephan, and Di Caro, Antonino
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- 2016
8. New filovirus disease classification and nomenclature
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Kuhn, Jens H., Adachi, Takuya, Adhikari, Neill K. J., Arribas, Jose R., Bah, Ibrahima Elhadj, Bausch, Daniel G., Bhadelia, Nahid, Borchert, Matthias, Brantsæter, Arne Broch, Brett-Major, David M., Burgess, Timothy H., Chertow, Daniel S., Chute, Christopher G., Cieslak, Theodore J., Colebunders, Robert, Crozier, Ian, Davey, Richard T., de Clerck, Hilde, Delgado, Rafael, Evans, Laura, Fallah, Mosoka, Fischer, II, William A., Fletcher, Tom E., Fowler, Robert A., Grünewald, Thomas, Hall, Andy, Hewlett, Angela, Hoepelman, Andy I. M., Houlihan, Catherine F., Ippolito, Giuseppe, Jacob, Shevin T., Jacobs, Michael, Jakob, Robert, Jacquerioz, Frederique A., Kaiser, Laurent, Kalil, Andre C., Kamara, Rashidatu F., Kapetshi, Jimmy, Klenk, Hans-Dieter, Kobinger, Gary, Kortepeter, Mark G., Kraft, Colleen S., Kratz, Thomas, Bosa, Henry S. Kyobe, Lado, Marta, Lamontagne, François, Lane, H. Cliff, Lobel, Leslie, Lutwama, Julius, Lyon, III, G. Marshall, Massaquoi, Moses B. F., Massaquoi, Thomas A., Mehta, Aneesh K., Makuma, Vital Mondonge, Murthy, Srinivas, Musoke, Tonny Seikikongo, Muyembe-Tamfum, Jean-Jacques, Nakyeyune, Phiona, Nanclares, Carolina, Nanyunja, Miriam, Nsio-Mbeta, Justus, O’Dempsey, Tim, Pawęska, Janusz T., Peters, Clarence J., Piot, Peter, Rapp, Christophe, Renaud, Bertrand, Ribner, Bruce, Sabeti, Pardis C., Schieffelin, John S., Slenczka, Werner, Soka, Moses J., Sprecher, Armand, Strong, James, Swanepoel, Robert, Uyeki, Timothy M., van Herp, Michel, Vetter, Pauline, Wohl, David A., Wolf, Timo, Wolz, Anja, Wurie, Alie H., and Yoti, Zabulon
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- 2019
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9. Dilemmas in Managing Pregnant Women With Ebola: 2 Case Reports
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Caluwaerts, Séverine, Fautsch, Tessy, Lagrou, Daphne, Moreau, Michel, Camara, Alseny Modet, Günther, Stephan, Di Caro, Antonino, Borremans, Benny, Koundouno, Fara Raymond, Bore, Joseph Akoi, Logue, Christopher H., Richter, Martin, Wölfel, Roman, Kuisma, Eeva, Kurth, Andreas, Thomas, Stephen, Burkhardt, Gillian, Erland, Elin, Lionetto, Fanshen, Weber, Patricia Lledo, de la Rosa, Olimpia, Macpherson, Hassan, and Van Herp, Michel
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- 2016
10. The Contribution of Ebola Viral Load at Admission and Other Patient Characteristics to Mortality in a Médecins Sans Frontières Ebola Case Management Centre, Kailahun, Sierra Leone, June-October 2014
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Fitzpatrick, Gabriel, Vogt, Florian, Gbabai, Osman B. Moi, Decroo, Tom, Keane, Marian, De Clerck, Hilde, Grolla, Allen, Brechard, Raphael, Stinson, Kathryn, and Van Herp, Michel
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- 2015
11. The risk of Plasmodium vivax parasitaemia after P. falciparum malaria: An individual patient data meta-analysis from the WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network
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Hossain, Mohammad S., Commons, Robert J., Douglas, Nicholas M., Thriemer, Kamala, Alemayehu, Bereket H., Amaratunga, Chanaki, Anvikar, Anupkumar R., Ashley, Elizabeth A., Asih, Puji B. S., Carrara, Verena I., Lon, Chanthap, D'Alessandro, Umberto, Davis, Timothy M. E., Dondorp, Arjen M., Edstein, Michael D., Fairhurst, Rick M., Ferreira, Marcelo U., Hwang, Jimee, Janssens, Bart, Karunajeewa, Harin, Kiechel, Jean R., Ladeia-Andrade, Simone, Laman, Moses, Mayxay, Mayfong, McGready, Rose, Moore, Brioni R., Mueller, Ivo, Newton, Paul N., Thuy-Nhien, Nguyen T., Noedl, Harald, Nosten, Francois, Phyo, Aung P., Poespoprodjo, Jeanne R., Saunders, David L., Smithuis, Frank, Spring, Michele D., Stepniewska, Kasia, Suon, Seila, Suputtamongkol, Yupin, Syafruddin, Din, Tran, Hien T., Valecha, Neena, Van Herp, Michel, Van Vugt, Michele, White, Nicholas J., Guerin, Philippe J., Simpson, Julie A., and Price, Ric N.
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Malaria -- Drug therapy -- Complications and side effects ,Protozoan diseases -- Risk factors ,Biological sciences - Abstract
Background There is a high risk of Plasmodium vivax parasitaemia following treatment of falciparum malaria. Our study aimed to quantify this risk and the associated determinants using an individual patient data meta-analysis in order to identify populations in which a policy of universal radical cure, combining artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) with a hypnozoitocidal antimalarial drug, would be beneficial. Methods and findings A systematic review of Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews identified efficacy studies of uncomplicated falciparum malaria treated with ACT that were undertaken in regions coendemic for P. vivax between 1 January 1960 and 5 January 2018. Data from eligible studies were pooled using standardised methodology. The risk of P. vivax parasitaemia at days 42 and 63 and associated risk factors were investigated by multivariable Cox regression analyses. Study quality was assessed using a tool developed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. The study was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO: CRD42018097400). In total, 42 studies enrolling 15,341 patients were included in the analysis, including 30 randomised controlled trials and 12 cohort studies. Overall, 14,146 (92.2%) patients had P. falciparum monoinfection and 1,195 (7.8%) mixed infection with P. falciparum and P. vivax. The median age was 17.0 years (interquartile range [IQR] = 9.0-29.0 years; range = 0-80 years), with 1,584 (10.3%) patients younger than 5 years. 2,711 (17.7%) patients were treated with artemether-lumefantrine (AL, 13 studies), 651 (4.2%) with artesunate-amodiaquine (AA, 6 studies), 7,340 (47.8%) with artesunate-mefloquine (AM, 25 studies), and 4,639 (30.2%) with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP, 16 studies). 14,537 patients (94.8%) were enrolled from the Asia-Pacific region, 684 (4.5%) from the Americas, and 120 (0.8%) from Africa. At day 42, the cumulative risk of vivax parasitaemia following treatment of P. falciparum was 31.1% (95% CI 28.9-33.4) after AL, 14.1% (95% CI 10.8-18.3) after AA, 7.4% (95% CI 6.7-8.1) after AM, and 4.5% (95% CI 3.9-5.3) after DP. By day 63, the risks had risen to 39.9% (95% CI 36.6-43.3), 42.4% (95% CI 34.7-51.2), 22.8% (95% CI 21.2-24.4), and 12.8% (95% CI 11.4-14.5), respectively. In multivariable analyses, the highest rate of P. vivax parasitaemia over 42 days of follow-up was in patients residing in areas of short relapse periodicity (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR] = 6.2, 95% CI 2.0-19.5; p = 0.002); patients treated with AL (AHR = 6.2, 95% CI 4.6-8.5; p < 0.001), AA (AHR = 2.3, 95% CI 1.4-3.7; p = 0.001), or AM (AHR = 1.4, 95% CI 1.0-1.9; p = 0.028) compared with DP; and patients who did not clear their initial parasitaemia within 2 days (AHR = 1.8, 95% CI 1.4-2.3; p < 0.001). The analysis was limited by heterogeneity between study populations and lack of data from very low transmission settings. Study quality was high. Conclusions In this meta-analysis, we found a high risk of P. vivax parasitaemia after treatment of P. falciparum malaria that varied significantly between studies. These P. vivax infections are likely attributable to relapses that could be prevented with radical cure including a hypnozoitocidal agent; however, the benefits of such a novel strategy will vary considerably between geographical areas., Author(s): Mohammad S. Hossain 1,2,3,4, Robert J. Commons 1,2,5, Nicholas M. Douglas 2,3, Kamala Thriemer 2, Bereket H. Alemayehu 6, Chanaki Amaratunga 7, Anupkumar R. Anvikar 8, Elizabeth A. Ashley [...]
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- 2020
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12. A Nosocomial Outbreak of Human Monkeypox in the Central African Republic
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Nakoune, Emmanuel, Lampaert, Emmanuel, Ndjapou, Séverin Gervais, Janssens, Carole, Zuniga, Isabel, Van Herp, Michel, Fongbia, Jean Paul, Koyazegbe, Thomas Daquin, Selekon, Benjamin, Komoyo, Giscard Francis, Garba-Ouangole, Sandra Miriella, Manengu, Casimir, Manuguerra, Jean-Claude, Kazanji, Mirdad, Gessain, Antoine, and Berthet, Nicolas
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- 2017
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13. Operational research during the Ebola emergency
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Fitzpatrick, Gabriel, Decroo, Tom, Draguez, Bertrand, Crestani, Rosa, Ronsse, Axelle, Van den Bergh, Rafael, and Van Herp, Michel
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Management science -- Usage -- Research ,Ebola hemorrhagic fever -- Care and treatment -- Research ,Disease transmission -- Research ,Health - Abstract
Operational research is defined as the search for knowledge on interventions, strategies, or tools that can enhance the quality, effectiveness, or coverage of programs in which the research is being [...]
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- 2017
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14. Field Evaluation of Capillary Blood Samples as a Collection Specimen for the Rapid Diagnosis of Ebola Virus Infection During an Outbreak Emergency
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Strecker, Thomas, Palyi, Bernadett, Ellerbrok, Heinz, Jonckheere, Sylvie, de Clerck, Hilde, Bore, Joseph Akoi, Gabriel, Martin, Stoecker, Kilian, Eickmann, Markus, van Herp, Michel, Formenty, Pierre, Di Caro, Antonino, and Becker, Stephan
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- 2015
15. Electrolyte and metabolic disturbances in Ebola patients during a clinical trial, Guinea, 2015
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van Griensven, Johan, Bah, Elhadj Ibrahima, Haba, Nyankoye, Delamou, Alexandre, Camara, Bienvenu Salim, Olivier, Kadio Jean-Jacques, De Clerck, Hilde, Nordenstedt, Helena, Semple, Malcolm G., Van Herp, Michel, Buyze, Jozefien, De Crop, Maaike, Van Den Broucke, Steven, Lynen, Lutgarde, and De Weggheleire, Anja
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Hemoglobin -- Analysis ,Ebola virus infections -- Care and treatment ,Electrolytes -- Research ,Medical care -- Management -- Guinea -- Belgium ,Company business management ,Health - Abstract
During the 2014-2016 Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak in West Africa, a total of 28,646 cases were diagnosed, with a case-fatality rate of 39.4% (1). Several research groups have focused [...]
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- 2016
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16. Effectiveness of typhoid conjugate vaccine in Zimbabwe used in response to an outbreak among children and young adults: A matched case control study
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Lightowler, Maria S., primary, Manangazira, Portia, additional, Nackers, Fabienne, additional, Van Herp, Michel, additional, Phiri, Isaac, additional, Kuwenyi, Kuziwa, additional, Panunzi, Isabella, additional, Garone, Daniela, additional, Marume, Farayi, additional, Tarupiwa, Andrew, additional, Ferreras, Eva, additional, Duri, Clemence, additional, and Luquero, Francisco J., additional
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- 2022
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17. Unique human immune signature of Ebola virus disease in Guinea
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Ruibal, Paula, Oestereich, Lisa, Ldtke, Anja, Becker-Ziaja, Beate, Wozniak, David M., Kerber, Romy, Korva, Mia, Cabeza-Cabrerizo, Mar, Bore, Joseph A., Koundouno, Fara Raymond, Duraffour, Sophie, Weller, Romy, Thorenz, Anja, Cimini, Eleonora, Viola, Domenico, Agrati, Chiara, Repits, Johanna, Afrough, Babak, Cowley, Lauren A., Ngabo, Didier, Hinzmann, Julia, Mertens, Marc, Vitoriano, Ins, Logue, Christopher H., Boettcher, Jan Peter, Pallasch, Elisa, Sachse, Andreas, Bah, Amadou, Nitzsche, Katja, Kuisma, Eeva, Michel, Janine, Holm, Tobias, Zekeng, Elsa-Gayle, Garca-Dorival, Isabel, Wlfel, Roman, Stoecker, Kilian, Fleischmann, Erna, Strecker, Thomas, Di Caro, Antonino, Avi-upanc, Tatjana, Kurth, Andreas, Meschi, Silvia, Mly, Stephane, Newman, Edmund, Bocquin, Anne, Kis, Zoltan, Kelterbaum, Anne, Molkenthin, Peter, Carletti, Fabrizio, Portmann, Jasmine, Wolff, Svenja, Castilletti, Concetta, Schudt, Gordian, Fizet, Alexandra, Ottowell, Lisa J., Herker, Eva, Jacobs, Thomas, Kretschmer, Birte, Severi, Ettore, Ouedraogo, Nobila, Lago, Mar, Negredo, Anabel, Franco, Leticia, Anda, Pedro, Schmiedel, Stefan, Kreuels, Benno, Wichmann, Dominic, Addo, Marylyn M., Lohse, Ansgar W., De Clerck, Hilde, Nanclares, Carolina, Jonckheere, Sylvie, Van Herp, Michel, Sprecher, Armand, Xiaojiang, Gao, Carrington, Mary, Miranda, Osvaldo, Castro, Carlos M., Gabriel, Martin, Drury, Patrick, Formenty, Pierre, Diallo, Boubacar, Koivogui, Lamine, Magassouba, NFaly, Carroll, Miles W., Gnther, Stephan, and Muoz-Fontela, Csar
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Ebola hemorrhagic fever -- Physiological aspects ,Medical research ,Immune response -- Research ,Environmental issues ,Science and technology ,Zoology and wildlife conservation - Abstract
Author(s): Paula Ruibal [1, 2, 3, 4]; Lisa Oestereich [2, 3, 4]; Anja Ldtke [1, 2, 3, 4]; Beate Becker-Ziaja [2, 3, 4]; David M. Wozniak [2, 3, 4]; Romy [...]
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- 2016
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18. Feasibility of Xpert Ebola Assay in Medecins Sans Frontieres Ebola program, Guinea
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Van den Bergh, Rafael, Chaillet, Pascale, Sow, Mamadou Saliou, Amand, Mathieu, van Vyve, Charlotte, Jonckheere, Sylvie, Crestani, Rosa, Sprecher, Armand, Van Herp, Michel, Chua, Arlene, Piriou, Erwan, Koivogui, Lamine, and Antierens, Annick
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Ebola virus infections -- Diagnosis ,Biological assay -- Innovations ,Health - Abstract
As of June 28, 2015, the recent Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak in West Africa had claimed >11,000 lives, and 27,443 confirmed, probable, and suspected cases have been reported in [...]
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- 2016
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19. Ebola viral load at diagnosis associates with patient outcome and outbreak evolution
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de La Vega, Marc-Antoine, Caleo, Grazia, Audet, Jonathan, Qiu, Xiangguo, Kozak, Robert A., Brooks, James I., Kern, Steven, Wolz, Anja, Sprecher, Armand, Greig, Jane, Lokuge, Kamalini, Kargbo, David K., Kargbo, Brima, Caro, Antonino Di, Grolla, Allen, Kobasa, Darwyn, Strong, James E., Ippolito, Giuseppe, Van Herp, Michel, and Kobinger, Gary P.
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Viremia -- Measurement ,Public health administration -- Methods ,Ebola virus -- Diagnosis ,Health care industry - Abstract
BACKGROUND. Ebola virus (EBOV) causes periodic outbreaks of life-threatening EBOV disease in Africa. Historically, these outbreaks have been relatively small and geographically contained; however, the magnitude of the EBOV outbreak that began in 2014 in West Africa has been unprecedented. The aim of this study was to describe the viral kinetics of EBOV during this outbreak and identify factors that contribute to outbreak progression. METHODS. From July to December 2014, one laboratory in Sierra Leone processed over 2,700 patient samples for EBOV detection by quantitative PCR (qPCR). Viremia was measured following patient admission. Age, sex, and approximate time of symptom onset were also recorded for each patient. The data was analyzed using various mathematical models to find trends of potential interest. RESULTS. The analysis revealed a significant difference (P = 2.7 x [10.sup.-77]) between the initial viremia of survivors (4.02 [log.sub.10] genome equivalents [GEQ]/ml) and nonsurvivors (6.18 [log.sub.10] GEQ/ml). At the population level, patient viral loads were higher on average in July than in November, even when accounting for outcome and time since onset of symptoms. This decrease in viral loads temporally correlated with an increase in circulating EBOV-specific IgG antibodies among individuals who were suspected of being infected but shown to be negative for the virus by PCR. CONCLUSIONS. Our results indicate that initial viremia is associated with outcome of the individual and outbreak duration; therefore, care must be taken in planning clinical trials and interventions. Additional research in virus adaptation and the impacts of host factors on EBOV transmission and pathogenesis is needed., Introduction Ebola virus (EBOV) (1, 2) is one of the deadliest pathogens in existence. Infection of a suitable host results in EBOV disease (EVD), which is characterized by the onset [...]
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- 2015
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20. Intersectoral collaboration between the medical and veterinary professions in low-resource societies: The role of research and training institutions
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Marcotty, Tanguy, Thys, Eric, Conrad, Patricia, Godfroid, Jacques, Craig, Philip, Zinsstag, Jakob, Meheus, Filip, Boukary, Abdou Razac, Badé, Mallam Abdou, Sahibi, Hamid, Filali, Hind, Hendrickx, Saskia, Pissang, Cyrille, Van Herp, Michel, van der Roost, Dirk, Thys, Séverine, Hendrickx, David, Claes, Marleen, Demeulenaere, Tine, van Mierlo, Joep, Dehoux, Jean-Paul, and Boelaert, Marleen
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- 2013
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21. Temporal distribution of Plasmodium falciparum recrudescence following artemisinin-based combination therapy: an individual participant data meta-analysis
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Dahal, Prabin, Simpson, Julie Anne, Abdulla, Salim, Achan, Jane, Adam, Ishag, Agarwal, Aarti, Allan, Richard, Anvikar, Anupkumar R., Ashley, Elizabeth A., Bassat, Quique, Borrmann, Steffen, Bousema, Teun, Bukirwa, Hasifa, Carrara, Verena, I, Corsi, Marco, D'Alessandro, Umberto, Davis, Timothy M. E., Deloron, Philippe, Desai, Meghna, Dimbu, Pedro Rafael, Djalle, Djibrine, Djimde, Abdoulaye, Dorsey, Grant, Drakeley, Chris J., Duparc, Stephan, Edstein, Michael D., Espie, Emmanuelle, Faiz, Abul, Falade, Catherine, Fanello, Caterina, Faucher, Jean-Francois, Faye, Babacar, Fortes, Filomeno de Jesus, Gadalla, Nahla B., Gaye, Oumar, Gil, J. Pedro, Gilayeneh, Julius, Greenwood, Brian, Grivoyannis, Anastasia, Hien, Tran Tinh, Hwang, Jimee, Janssens, Bart, Juma, Elizabeth, Kamugisha, Erasmus, Karema, Corine, Karunajeewa, Harin A., Kiechel, Jean R., Kironde, Fred, Kofoed, Poul-Erik, Kremsner, Peter G., Lee, Sue J., Marsh, Kevin, Mårtensson, Andreas, Mayxay, Mayfong, Menan, Herve, Mens, Petra, Mutabingwa, Theonest K., Ndiaye, Jean-Louis, Ngasala, Billy, Noedl, Harald, Nosten, Francois, Offianan, Andre Toure, Ogutu, Bernhards R., Olliaro, Piero L., Ouedraogo, Jean Bosco, Piola, Patrice, Plowe, Christopher, V, Plucinski, Mateusz M., Pratt, Oliver James, Premji, Zulfikarali, Ramharter, Michael, Rogier, Christophe, Vitare, Primum, Rombo, Lars, Rosenthal, Philip J., Sibley, Carol, Sirima, Sodiomon, Smithuis, Frank, Staedke, Sarah G., Sutanto, Inge, Talisuna, Ambrose Otau, Tarning, Joel, Taylor, Walter R. J., Temu, Emmanuel, Thriemer, Kamala, Thuy-Nhien, Nguyen, Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam, Ursing, Johan D., van Herp, Michel, van Lenthe, Marit, van Vugt, Michele, William, Yavo, Winnips, Cornelis, Zaloumis, Sophie, Zongo, Issaka, White, Nick J., Guerin, Philippe J., Stepniewska, Kasia, Price, Ric N., Arinaitwe, Emmanuel, and Group, WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network Methodology Study
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Infectious Medicine ,Efficacy ,Follow-up ,Recrudescence ,Artemether, Lumefantrine Drug Combination ,Plasmodium falciparum ,Infektionsmedicin ,Distribution ,Artemisinins ,Malaria ,Antimalarials ,lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 4] ,Infectious Diseases ,Recurrence ,Child, Preschool ,Humans ,Parasitology ,Artemether ,Child - Abstract
Background The duration of trial follow-up affects the ability to detect recrudescent infections following anti-malarial treatment. The aim of this study was to explore the proportions of recrudescent parasitaemia as ascribed by genotyping captured at various follow-up time-points in treatment efficacy trials for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Methods Individual patient data from 83 anti-malarial efficacy studies collated in the WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network (WWARN) repository with at least 28 days follow-up were available. The temporal and cumulative distributions of recrudescence were characterized using a Cox regression model with shared frailty on study-sites. Fractional polynomials were used to capture non-linear instantaneous hazard. The area under the density curve (AUC) of the constructed distribution was used to estimate the optimal follow-up period for capturing a P. falciparum malaria recrudescence. Simulation studies were conducted based on the constructed distributions to quantify the absolute overestimation in efficacy due to sub-optimal follow-up. Results Overall, 3703 recurrent infections were detected in 60 studies conducted in Africa (15,512 children aged 48 mg/kg total piperaquine (PIP) dose and 9% [95% CI 0–22%] in those treated with ≤ 48 mg/kg PIP dose. In absolute terms, the simulation study found that trials limited to 28 days follow-up following AL underestimated the risk of recrudescence by a median of 2.8 percentage points compared to day 63 estimates and those limited to 42 days following DP underestimated the risk of recrudescence by a median of 2.0 percentage points compared to day 42 estimates. The analysis was limited by few clinical trials following patients for longer than 42 days (9 out of 83 trials) and the imprecision of PCR genotyping which overcalls recrudescence in areas of higher transmission biasing the later distribution. Conclusions Restricting follow-up of clinical efficacy trials to day 28 for AL and day 42 for DP will miss a proportion of late recrudescent treatment failures but will have a modest impact in derived efficacy. The results highlight that as genotyping methods improve consideration should be given for trials with longer duration of follow-up to detect early indications of emerging drug resistance.
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- 2022
22. Temporal and spatial analysis of the 2014–2015 Ebola virus outbreak in West Africa
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Carroll, Miles W., Matthews, David A., Hiscox, Julian A., Elmore, Michael J., Pollakis, Georgios, Rambaut, Andrew, Hewson, Roger, García-Dorival, Isabel, Bore, Joseph Akoi, Koundouno, Raymond, Abdellati, Saïd, Afrough, Babak, Aiyepada, John, Akhilomen, Patience, Asogun, Danny, Atkinson, Barry, Badusche, Marlis, Bah, Amadou, Bate, Simon, Baumann, Jan, Becker, Dirk, Becker-Ziaja, Beate, Bocquin, Anne, Borremans, Benny, Bosworth, Andrew, Boettcher, Jan Peter, Cannas, Angela, Carletti, Fabrizio, Castilletti, Concetta, Clark, Simon, Colavita, Francesca, Diederich, Sandra, Donatus, Adomeh, Duraffour, Sophie, Ehichioya, Deborah, Ellerbrok, Heinz, Fernandez-Garcia, Maria Dolores, Fizet, Alexandra, Fleischmann, Erna, Gryseels, Sophie, Hermelink, Antje, Hinzmann, Julia, Hopf-Guevara, Ute, Ighodalo, Yemisi, Jameson, Lisa, Kelterbaum, Anne, Kis, Zoltan, Kloth, Stefan, Kohl, Claudia, Korva, Miša, Kraus, Annette, Kuisma, Eeva, Kurth, Andreas, Liedigk, Britta, Logue, Christopher H., Lüdtke, Anja, Maes, Piet, McCowen, James, Mély, Stéphane, Mertens, Marc, Meschi, Silvia, Meyer, Benjamin, Michel, Janine, Molkenthin, Peter, Muñoz-Fontela, César, Muth, Doreen, Newman, Edmund N. C., Ngabo, Didier, Oestereich, Lisa, Okosun, Jennifer, Olokor, Thomas, Omiunu, Racheal, Omomoh, Emmanuel, Pallasch, Elisa, Pályi, Bernadett, Portmann, Jasmine, Pottage, Thomas, Pratt, Catherine, Priesnitz, Simone, Quartu, Serena, Rappe, Julie, Repits, Johanna, Richter, Martin, Rudolf, Martin, Sachse, Andreas, Schmidt, Kristina Maria, Schudt, Gordian, Strecker, Thomas, Thom, Ruth, Thomas, Stephen, Tobin, Ekaete, Tolley, Howard, Trautner, Jochen, Vermoesen, Tine, Vitoriano, Inês, Wagner, Matthias, Wolff, Svenja, Yue, Constanze, Capobianchi, Maria Rosaria, Kretschmer, Birte, Hall, Yper, Kenny, John G., Rickett, Natasha Y., Dudas, Gytis, Coltart, Cordelia E. M., Kerber, Romy, Steer, Damien, Wright, Callum, Senyah, Francis, Keita, Sakoba, Drury, Patrick, Diallo, Boubacar, de Clerck, Hilde, Van Herp, Michel, Sprecher, Armand, Traore, Alexis, Diakite, Mandiou, Konde, Mandy Kader, Koivogui, Lamine, Magassouba, N’Faly, Avšič-Županc, Tatjana, Nitsche, Andreas, Strasser, Marc, Ippolito, Giuseppe, Becker, Stephan, Stoecker, Kilian, Gabriel, Martin, Raoul, Hervé, Di Caro, Antonino, Wölfel, Roman, Formenty, Pierre, and Günther, Stephan
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- 2015
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23. Abolishing user fees for children and pregnant women trebled uptake of malaria-related interventions in Kangaba, Mali
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Ponsar, Frédérique, Van Herp, Michel, Zachariah, Rony, Gerard, Séco, Philips, Mit, and Jouquet, Guillaume
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- 2011
24. Filovirus Hemorrhagic Fever Outbreak Case Management: A Review of Current and Future Treatment Options
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Roddy, Paul, Colebunders, Robert, Jeffs, Benjamin, Palma, Pedro Pablo, Van Herp, Michel, and Borchert, Matthias
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- 2011
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25. No cash, no care: how user fees endanger health—lessons learnt regarding financial barriers to healthcare services in Burundi, Sierra Leone, Democratic Republic of Congo, Chad, Haiti and Mali
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Ponsar, Frederique, Tayler-Smith, Katie, Philips, Mit, Gerard, Seco, Van Herp, Michel, Reid, Tony, and Zachariah, Rony
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- 2011
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26. Deficiencies In Disaster Funding
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Tassy, Sébastien, Gorincour, Guillaume, Veen, Annemarie ter, Bouma, Menno, van Herp, Michel, Keiluhu, Kace, and Subianto, Budi
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- 2005
27. Ebola virus is unlikely to become endemic in West Africa
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Sprecher, Armand, Feldmann, Heinz, Hensley, Lisa E., Kobinger, Gary, Nichol, Stuart T., Strong, Jim, and Van Herp, Michel
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- 2016
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28. Ebola outbreak in rural West Africa: epidemiology, clinical features and outcomes
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Dallatomasina, Silvia, Crestani, Rosa, Squire, James Sylvester, Declerk, Hilde, Caleo, Grazia Marta, Wolz, Anja, Stinson, Kathryn, Patten, Gabriela, Brechard, Raphael, Gbabai, Osman Bamba-Moi, Spreicher, Armand, Van Herp, Michel, and Zachariah, Rony
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- 2015
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29. Emergence of Zaire Ebola Virus Disease in Guinea
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Baize, Sylvain, Pannetier, Delphine, Oestereich, Lisa, Rieger, Toni, Koivogui, Lamine, Magassouba, NʼFaly, Soropogui, Barrè, Sow, Mamadou Saliou, Keïta, Sakoba, De Clerck, Hilde, Tiffany, Amanda, Dominguez, Gemma, Loua, Mathieu, Traoré, Alexis, Kolié, Moussa, Malano, Emmanuel Roland, Heleze, Emmanuel, Bocquin, Anne, Mély, Stephane, Raoul, Hervé, Caro, Valérie, Cadar, Dániel, Gabriel, Martin, Pahlmann, Meike, Tappe, Dennis, Schmidt-Chanasit, Jonas, Impouma, Benido, Diallo, Abdoul Karim, Formenty, Pierre, Van Herp, Michel, and Günther, Stephan
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- 2014
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30. Assessing antimalarial efficacy in a time of change to artemisinin-based combination therapies: the role of Medecins Sans Frontieres
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Guthmann, Jean-Paul, Checchi, Francesco, van den Broek, Ingrid, Balkan, Suna, van Herp, Michel, Comte, Eric, Bernal, Oscar, Kindermans, Jean-Marie, Venis, Sarah, Legros, Dominique, and Guerin, Philippe J.
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Antimalarials -- Patient outcomes -- Services -- Research ,Voluntary health agencies -- Services -- Research -- Social aspects ,Pharmaceutical research -- Social aspects -- Research ,Clinical pharmacology -- Research -- Social aspects ,Biological sciences ,Doctors Without Borders -- Services -- Social aspects - Abstract
During the 1990s, high levels of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) resistance to common antimalarials were reported from malaria-endemic countries, raising questions about the efficacy of chloroquine (CQ), then the mainstay of [...]
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- 2008
31. Death rates from Malaria epidemics, Burundi and Ethiopia
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Guthmann, Jean-Paul, Bonnet, Maryline, Ahoua, Laurence, Dantoine, Francois, Balkan, Suna, van Herp, Michel, Tamrat, Abiy, Legros, Dominique, Brown, Vincent, and Checchi, Francesco
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Market trend/market analysis ,Malaria -- Health aspects ,Malaria -- Diagnosis ,Malaria -- Care and treatment ,Malaria -- Control ,Mortality -- Burundi ,Mortality -- Ethiopia ,Mortality -- Statistics ,Mortality -- Forecasts and trends - Abstract
Death rates exceeded emergency thresholds at 4 sites during epidemics of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Burundi (2000-2001) and in Ethiopia (2003-2004). Deaths likely from malaria ranged from 1,000 to 8,900, [...]
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- 2007
32. New WHO guidelines on the management of pregnancy and breastfeeding in the context of Ebola
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Thorson, Anna E, primary, Foeller, Megan E, additional, Caluwaerts, Severine, additional, Ribeiro do Valle, Carolina, additional, Crozier, Ian, additional, Deen, Gibrilla, additional, Dixit, Devika, additional, Godwin, Chrissy, additional, Okong, Pius, additional, Esteves Soeiro, Rachel, additional, Sousa, João Paulo, additional, van Herp, Michel, additional, Bucagu, Maurice, additional, Costa, Alejandro, additional, Foeller, Megan, additional, Formenty, Pierre, additional, Gill, Roopan, additional, Kim, Caron, additional, Kini, Brigitte, additional, Legand, Anais, additional, Oladapo, Olufemi, additional, Ouedraogo, Leopold, additional, Perkins, Mark, additional, Thorson, Anne, additional, and Titulaer, Patricia, additional
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- 2020
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33. Evaluation of the stability of measles vaccine out of the cold chain under extended controlled temperature conditions
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Juan-Giner, Aitana, primary, Alsalhani, Alain, additional, Panunzi, Isabella, additional, Lambert, Vincent, additional, Van Herp, Michel, additional, and Gairola, Sunil, additional
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- 2020
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34. Antimalarial efficacy of chloroquine, amodiaquine, sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, and the combinations of amodiaquine + artesunate and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine + artesunate in Huambo and Bié provinces, central Angola
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Guthmann, Jean-Paul, Ampuero, Julia, Fortes, Filomeno, van Overmeir, Chantal, Gaboulaud, Valérie, Tobback, Sophie, Dunand, Jean, Saraiva, Nilton, Gillet, Philippe, Franco, Joan, Denoncin, Anne, van Herp, Michel, Balkan, Suna, Dujardin, Jean Claude, D’Alessandro, Umberto, and Legros, Dominique
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- 2005
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35. Experimental Treatment with Favipiravir for Ebola Virus Disease (the JIKI Trial): A Historically Controlled, Single-Arm Proof-of-Concept Trial in Guinea
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Sissoko, Daouda, Laouenan, Cedric, Folkesson, Elin, M'Lebing, Abdoul-Bing, Beavogui, Abdoul-Habib, Baize, Sylvain, Camara, Alseny-Modet, Maes, Piet, Shepherd, Susan, Danel, Christine, Carazo, Sara, Conde, Mamoudou N., Gala, Jean-Luc, Colin, Géraldine, Savini, Hélène, Bore, Joseph Akoi, Le Marcis, Frederic, Koundouno, Fara Raymond, Petitjean, Frédéric, Lamah, Marie-Claire, Diederich, Sandra, Tounkara, Alexis, Poelart, Geertrui, Berbain, Emmanuel, Dindart, Jean-Michel, Duraffour, Sophie, Lefevre, Annabelle, Leno, Tamba, Peyrouset, Olivier, Irenge, Léonid, Bangoura, N'Famara, Palich, Romain, Hinzmann, Julia, Kraus, Annette, Barry, Thierno Sadou, Berette, Sakoba, Bongono, André, Camara, Mohamed Seto, Chanfreau Munoz, Valérie, Doumbouya, Lanciné, Souley Harouna, Kighoma, Patient Mumbere, Koundouno, Fara Roger, Réné Lolamou, Loua, Cécé Moriba, Massala, Vincent, Moumouni, Kinda, Provost, Célia, Samake, Nenefing, Sekou, Conde, Soumah, Abdoulaye, Arnould, Isabelle, Komano, Michel Saa, Gustin, Lina, Berutto, Carlotta, Camara, Diarra, Camara, Fodé Saydou, Colpaert, Joliene, Delamou, Léontine, Jansson, Lena, Kourouma, Etienne, Loua, Maurice, Malme, Kristian, Manfrin, Emma, Maomou, André, Milinouno, Adele, Ombelet, Sien, Sidiboun, Aboubacar Youla, Verreckt, Isabelle, Yombouno, Pauline, Bocquin, Anne, Carbonnelle, Caroline, Carmoi, Thierry, Frange, Pierre, Mely, Stéphane, Nguyen, Vinh-Kim, Pannetier, Delphine, Taburet, Anne-Marie, Treluyer, Jean-Marc, Kolie, Jacques, Moh, Raoul, Gonzalez, Minerva Cervantes, Kuisma, Eeva, Liedigk, Britta, Ngabo, Didier, Rudolf, Martin, Thom, Ruth, Kerber, Romy, Gabriel, Martin, Di Caro, Antonino, Wölfel, Roman, Badir, Jamal, Bentahir, Mostafa, Deccache, Yann, Dumont, Catherine, Durant, Jean-François, El Bakkouri, Karim, Gasasira Uwamahoro, Marie, Smits, Benjamin, Toufik, Nora, Van Cauwenberghe, Stéphane, Ezzedine, Khaled, Dortenzio, Eric, Pizarro, Louis, Etienne, Aurélie, Guedj, Jérémie, Fizet, Alexandra, Barte de Sainte Fare, Eric, Murgue, Bernadette, Tran-Minh, Tuan, Rapp, Christophe, Piguet, Pascal, Poncin, Marc, Draguez, Bertrand, Allaford Duverger, Thierry, Barbe, Solenne, Baret, Guillaume, Defourny, Isabelle, Carroll, Miles, Raoul, Hervé, Augier, Augustin, Eholie, Serge P., Yazdanpanah, Yazdan, Levy-Marchal, Claire, Antierrens, Annick, Van Herp, Michel, Günther, Stephan, de Lamballerie, Xavier, Keïta, Sakoba, Mentre, France, Anglaret, Xavier, and Malvy, Denis
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Ebola hemorrhagic fever -- Drug therapy ,Antiviral agents -- Patient outcomes ,Biological sciences - Abstract
Background Ebola virus disease (EVD) is a highly lethal condition for which no specific treatment has proven efficacy. In September 2014, while the Ebola outbreak was at its peak, the World Health Organization released a short list of drugs suitable for EVD research. Favipiravir, an antiviral developed for the treatment of severe influenza, was one of these. In late 2014, the conditions for starting a randomized Ebola trial were not fulfilled for two reasons. One was the perception that, given the high number of patients presenting simultaneously and the very high mortality rate of the disease, it was ethically unacceptable to allocate patients from within the same family or village to receive or not receive an experimental drug, using a randomization process impossible to understand by very sick patients. The other was that, in the context of rumors and distrust of Ebola treatment centers, using a randomized design at the outset might lead even more patients to refuse to seek care. Therefore, we chose to conduct a multicenter non-randomized trial, in which all patients would receive favipiravir along with standardized care. The objectives of the trial were to test the feasibility and acceptability of an emergency trial in the context of a large Ebola outbreak, and to collect data on the safety and effectiveness of favipiravir in reducing mortality and viral load in patients with EVD. The trial was not aimed at directly informing future guidelines on Ebola treatment but at quickly gathering standardized preliminary data to optimize the design of future studies. Methods and Findings Inclusion criteria were positive Ebola virus reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) test, age [greater than or equal to] 1 y, weight [greater than or equal to] 10 kg, ability to take oral drugs, and informed consent. All participants received oral favipiravir (day 0: 6,000 mg; day 1 to day 9: 2,400 mg/d). Semi-quantitative Ebola virus RT-PCR (results expressed in 'cycle threshold' [Ct]) and biochemistry tests were performed at day 0, day 2, day 4, end of symptoms, day 14, and day 30. Frozen samples were shipped to a reference biosafety level 4 laboratory for RNA viral load measurement using a quantitative reference technique (genome copies/milliliter). Outcomes were mortality, viral load evolution, and adverse events. The analysis was stratified by age and Ct value. A 'target value' of mortality was defined a priori for each stratum, to guide the interpretation of interim and final analysis. Between 17 December 2014 and 8 April 2015, 126 patients were included, of whom 111 were analyzed (adults and adolescents, [greater than or equal to]13 y, n = 99; young children, [less than or equal to]6 y, n = 12). Here we present the results obtained in the 99 adults and adolescents. Of these, 55 had a baseline Ct value [greater than or equal to] 20 (Group A Ct [greater than or equal to] 20), and 44 had a baseline Ct value < 20 (Group A Ct < 20). Ct values and RNA viral loads were well correlated, with Ct = 20 corresponding to RNA viral load = 7.7 log.sub.10 genome copies/ml. Mortality was 20% (95% CI 11.6%-32.4%) in Group A Ct [greater than or equal to] 20 and 91% (95% CI 78.8%-91.1%) in Group A Ct < 20. Both mortality 95% CIs included the predefined target value (30% and 85%, respectively). Baseline serum creatinine was [greater than or equal to]110 [mu]mol/l in 48% of patients in Group A Ct [greater than or equal to] 20 ([greater than or equal to]300 [mu]mol/l in 14%) and in 90% of patients in Group A Ct < 20 ([greater than or equal to]300 [mu]mol/l in 44%). In Group A Ct [greater than or equal to] 20, 17% of patients with baseline creatinine [greater than or equal to]110 [mu]mol/l died, versus 97% in Group A Ct < 20. In patients who survived, the mean decrease in viral load was 0.33 log.sub.10 copies/ml per day of follow-up. RNA viral load values and mortality were not significantly different between adults starting favipiravir within Conclusions In the context of an outbreak at its peak, with crowded care centers, randomizing patients to receive either standard care or standard care plus an experimental drug was not felt to be appropriate. We did a non-randomized trial. This trial reaches nuanced conclusions. On the one hand, we do not conclude on the efficacy of the drug, and our conclusions on tolerance, although encouraging, are not as firm as they could have been if we had used randomization. On the other hand, we learned about how to quickly set up and run an Ebola trial, in close relationship with the community and non-governmental organizations; we integrated research into care so that it improved care; and we generated knowledge on EVD that is useful to further research. Our data illustrate the frequency of renal dysfunction and the powerful prognostic value of low Ct values. They suggest that drug trials in EVD should systematically stratify analyses by baseline Ct value, as a surrogate of viral load. They also suggest that favipiravir monotherapy merits further study in patients with medium to high viremia, but not in those with very high viremia. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02329054, Author(s): Daouda Sissoko 1,2, Cedric Laouenan 3,4, Elin Folkesson 5, Abdoul-Bing M'Lebing 6, Abdoul-Habib Beavogui 7, Sylvain Baize 8,9, Alseny-Modet Camara 5, Piet Maes 10,11, Susan Shepherd 6, Christine Danel [...]
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- 2016
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36. Deficiencies in disaster funding: Malaria epidemics are predicted in tsunami regions from El Niño conditions
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ter Veen, Annemarie, Bouma, Menno, van Herp, Michel, Keiluhu, Kace, and Subianto, Budi
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- 2005
37. SARS and Carlo Urbani
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Reilley, Brigg, Van Herp, Michel, Sermand, Dan, and Dentico, Nicoletta.
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- 2003
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38. 2017 Outbreak of Ebola Virus Disease in Northern Democratic Republic of Congo
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Nsio, Justus, primary, Kapetshi, Jimmy, additional, Makiala, Sheila, additional, Raymond, Frederic, additional, Tshapenda, Gaston, additional, Boucher, Nancy, additional, Corbeil, Jacques, additional, Okitandjate, Antoine, additional, Mbuyi, Gisele, additional, Kiyele, Musa, additional, Mondonge, Vital, additional, Kikoo, Marie Jose, additional, Van Herp, Michel, additional, Barboza, Philippe, additional, Petrucci, Roberta, additional, Benedetti, Guido, additional, Formenty, Pierre, additional, Muyembe Muzinga, Baby, additional, Ilunga Kalenga, Oly, additional, Ahuka, Steve, additional, Fausther-Bovendo, Hugues, additional, Ilunga, Benoit Kebela, additional, Kobinger, Gary P, additional, and Muyembe, Jean-Jacques T, additional
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- 2019
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39. Financial access to health care in Karuzi, Burundi: a household-survey based performance evaluation
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Van Herp Michel, Bachy Catherine, Reid Tony, Ponsar Frederique, Lambert-Evans Sophie, and Philips Mit
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Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background In 2003, Médecins Sans Frontières, the provincial government, and the provincial health authority began a community project to guarantee financial access to primary health care in Karuzi province, Burundi. The project used a community-based assessment to provide exemption cards for indigent households and a reduced flat fee for consultations for all other households. Methods An evaluation was carried out in 2005 to assess the impact of this project. Primary data collection was through a cross-sectional household survey of the catchment areas of 10 public health centres. A questionnaire was used to determine the accuracy of the community-identification method, households' access to health care, and costs of care. Household socioeconomic status was determined by reported expenditures and access to land. Results Financial access to care at the nearest health centre was ensured for 70% of the population. Of the remaining 30%, half experienced financial barriers to access and the other half chose alternative sites of care. The community-based assessment increased the number of people of the population who qualified for fee exemptions to 8.6% but many people who met the indigent criteria did not receive a card. Eighty-eight percent of the population lived under the poverty threshold. Referring to the last sickness episode, 87% of households reported having no money available and 25% risked further impoverishment because of healthcare costs even with the financial support system in place. Conclusion The flat fee policy was found to reduce cost barriers for some households but, given the generalized poverty in the area, the fee still posed a significant financial burden. This report showed the limits of a programme of fee exemption for indigent households and a flat fee for others in a context of widespread poverty.
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- 2009
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40. Varying efficacy of artesunate+amodiaquine and artesunate+sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in the Democratic Republic of Congo: a report of two in-vivo studies
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van Overmeir Chantal, Urrutia Pedro, van Herp Michel, van den Broek Ingrid, Bonnet Maryline, Kyomuhendo Juliet, Ndosimao Célestin, Ashley Elizabeth, and Guthmann Jean-Paul
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,RC955-962 ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract Background Very few data on anti-malarial efficacy are available from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). DRC changed its anti-malarial treatment policy to amodiaquine (AQ) and artesunate (AS) in 2005. Methods The results of two in vivo efficacy studies, which tested AQ and sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) monotherapies and AS+SP and AS+AQ combinations in Boende (Equatorial province), and AS+SP, AS+AQ and SP in Kabalo (Katanga province), between 2003 and 2004 are presented. The methodology followed the WHO 2003 protocol for assessing the efficacy of anti-malarials in areas of high transmission. Results Out of 394 included patients in Boende, the failure rates on day 28 after PCR-genotyping adjustment of AS+SP and AS+AQ were estimated as 24.6% [95% CI: 16.6–35.5] and 15.1% [95% CI: 8.6–25.7], respectively. For the monotherapies, failure rates were 35.9% [95% CI: 27.0–46.7] for SP and 18.3% [95% CI: 11.6–28.1] for AQ. Out of 207 patients enrolled in Kabalo, the failure rate on day 28 after PCR-genotyping adjustment was 0 [1-sided 95% CI: 5.8] for AS+SP and AS+AQ [1-sided 95% CI: 6.2]. It was 19.6% [95% CI: 11.4–32.7] for SP monotherapy. Conclusion The finding of varying efficacy of the same combinations at two sites in one country highlights one difficulty of implementing a uniform national treatment policy in a large country. The poor efficacy of AS+AQ in Boende should alert the national programme to foci of resistance and emphasizes the need for systems for the prospective monitoring of treatment efficacy at sentinel sites in the country.
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- 2009
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41. Mortality, violence and access to care in two districts of Port-au-Prince, Haiti
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Van Herp Michel, Ford Nathan, Ponsar Frédérique, Mancini Silvia, and Bachy Catherine
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Special situations and conditions ,RC952-1245 ,Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid ,RC86-88.9 - Abstract
Abstract Background Towards the end of 2006 open conflict broke out between United Nations forces and armed militia in Port-au-Prince, Haiti. Fighting was most intense in the district of Cité Soleil. Methods A cross-sectional, random-sample survey among the conflict-affected populations living in Cité Soleil and Martissant was carried out over a 4-week period in 2006 using a semi-structured questionnaire to assess exposure to violence and access to health care. Household heads from 945 households (corresponding to 4,763 people) in Cité Soleil and 1,800 household (9,539 people) in Martissant provided information on household members. The average recall period was 579 days for Cité Soleil and 601 days for Martissant. Results In Cité Soleil 120 deaths (21 children) were reported (CMR 0.4 deaths/10,000 people/day; Discussion Extrapolating to the total population of these two districts some 2,000 violent deaths occurred over the recall period. Among the survivors, violence had lasting effects in terms of physical and mental health and loss of property and possessions.
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- 2009
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42. Different methodological approaches to the assessment of in vivo efficacy of three artemisinin-based combination antimalarial treatments for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in African children
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Zongo Issaka, van den Broek Ingrid, Bukirwa Hasifa, Checchi Francesco, Dorsey Grant, Turyakira Eleanor, Pinoges Loretxu, Ashley Elizabeth A, Urruta Pedro, van Herp Michel, Balkan Suna, Taylor Walter R, Olliaro Piero, and Guthmann Jean-Paul
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,RC955-962 ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract Background Use of different methods for assessing the efficacy of artemisinin-based combination antimalarial treatments (ACTs) will result in different estimates being reported, with implications for changes in treatment policy. Methods Data from different in vivo studies of ACT treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria were combined in a single database. Efficacy at day 28 corrected by PCR genotyping was estimated using four methods. In the first two methods, failure rates were calculated as proportions with either (1a) reinfections excluded from the analysis (standard WHO per-protocol analysis) or (1b) reinfections considered as treatment successes. In the second two methods, failure rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier product limit formula using either (2a) WHO (2001) definitions of failure, or (2b) failure defined using parasitological criteria only. Results Data analysed represented 2926 patients from 17 studies in nine African countries. Three ACTs were studied: artesunate-amodiaquine (AS+AQ, N = 1702), artesunate-sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (AS+SP, N = 706) and artemether-lumefantrine (AL, N = 518). Using method (1a), the day 28 failure rates ranged from 0% to 39.3% for AS+AQ treatment, from 1.0% to 33.3% for AS+SP treatment and from 0% to 3.3% for AL treatment. The median [range] difference in point estimates between method 1a (reference) and the others were: (i) method 1b = 1.3% [0 to24.8], (ii) method 2a = 1.1% [0 to21.5], and (iii) method 2b = 0% [-38 to19.3]. The standard per-protocol method (1a) tended to overestimate the risk of failure when compared to alternative methods using the same endpoint definitions (methods 1b and 2a). It either overestimated or underestimated the risk when endpoints based on parasitological rather than clinical criteria were applied. The standard method was also associated with a 34% reduction in the number of patients evaluated compared to the number of patients enrolled. Only 2% of the sample size was lost when failures were classified on the first day of parasite recurrence and survival analytical methods were used. Conclusion The primary purpose of an in vivo study should be to provide a precise estimate of the risk of antimalarial treatment failure due to drug resistance. Use of survival analysis is the most appropriate way to estimate failure rates with parasitological recurrence classified as treatment failure on the day it occurs.
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- 2008
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43. Spatial targeted vector control in the highlands of Burundi and its impact on malaria transmission
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Baza Dismas, Maes Peter, Van Herp Michel, Marcotty Tanguy, Van Bortel Wim, Protopopoff Natacha, D'Alessandro Umberto, and Coosemans Marc
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,RC955-962 ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract Background Prevention of malaria epidemics is a priority for African countries. The 2000 malaria epidemic in Burundi prompted the government to implement measures for preventing future outbreaks. Case management with artemisinin-based combination therapy and malaria surveillance were nationally improved. A vector control programme was initiated in one of the most affected highland provinces. The focal distribution of malaria vectors in the highlands was the starting point for designing a targeted vector control strategy. The objective of this study was to present the results of this strategy on malaria transmission in an African highland region. Methods In Karuzi, in 2002–2005, vector control activities combining indoor residual spraying and long-lasting insecticidal nets were implemented. The interventions were done before the expected malaria transmission period and targeted the valleys between hills, with the expectation that this would also protect the populations living at higher altitudes. The impact on the Anopheles population and on malaria transmission was determined by nine cross-sectional surveys carried out at regular intervals throughout the study period. Results Anopheles gambiae s.l. and Anopheles funestus represented 95% of the collected anopheline species. In the valleys, where the vector control activities were implemented, Anopheles density was reduced by 82% (95% CI: 69–90). Similarly, transmission was decreased by 90% (95% CI: 63%–97%, p = 0.001). In the sprayed valleys, Anopheles density was further reduced by 79.5% (95% CI: 51.7–91.3, p < 0.001) in the houses with nets as compared to houses without them. No significant impact on vector density and malaria transmission was observed in the hill tops. However, the intervention focused on the high risk areas near the valley floor, where 93% of the vectors are found and 90% of the transmission occurs. Conclusion Spatial targeted vector control effectively reduced Anopheles density and transmission in this highland district. Bed nets have an additional effect on Anopheles density though this did not translate in an additional impact on transmission. Though no impact was observed in the hilltops, the programme successfully covered the areas most at risk. Such a targeted strategy could prevent the emergence and spread of an epidemic from these high risk foci.
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- 2007
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44. Forecasting malaria incidence based on monthly case reports and environmental factors in Karuzi, Burundi, 1997–2003
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Aguirre-Jaime Armando, van Herp Michel, Otero Angel, and Gomez-Elipe Alberto
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,RC955-962 ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract Background The objective of this work was to develop a model to predict malaria incidence in an area of unstable transmission by studying the association between environmental variables and disease dynamics. Methods The study was carried out in Karuzi, a province in the Burundi highlands, using time series of monthly notifications of malaria cases from local health facilities, data from rain and temperature records, and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Using autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) methodology, a model showing the relation between monthly notifications of malaria cases and the environmental variables was developed. Results The best forecasting model (R2adj = 82%, p < 0.0001 and 93% forecasting accuracy in the range ± 4 cases per 100 inhabitants) included the NDVI, mean maximum temperature, rainfall and number of malaria cases in the preceding month. Conclusion This model is a simple and useful tool for producing reasonably reliable forecasts of the malaria incidence rate in the study area.
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- 2007
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45. Vector control in a malaria epidemic occurring within a complex emergency situation in Burundi: a case study
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D'Alessandro Umberto, Baza Dismas, Reid Tony, Maes Peter, Van Herp Michel, Protopopoff Natacha, Van Bortel Wim, and Coosemans Marc
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,RC955-962 ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract Background African highlands often suffer of devastating malaria epidemics, sometimes in conjunction with complex emergencies, making their control even more difficult. In 2000, Burundian highlands experienced a large malaria outbreak at a time of civil unrest, constant insecurity and nutritional emergency. Because of suspected high resistance to the first and second line treatments, the provincial health authority and Médecins Sans Frontières (Belgium) decided to implement vector control activities in an attempt to curtail the epidemic. There are few reported interventions of this type to control malaria epidemics in complex emergency contexts. Here, decisions and actions taken to control this epidemic, their impact and the lessons learned from this experience are reported. Case description Twenty nine hills (administrative areas) were selected in collaboration with the provincial health authorities for the vector control interventions combining indoor residual spraying with deltamethrin and insecticide-treated nets. Impact was evaluated by entomological and parasitological surveys. Almost all houses (99%) were sprayed and nets use varied between 48% and 63%. Anopheles indoor resting density was significantly lower in treated as compared to untreated hills, the latter taken as controls. Despite this impact on the vector, malaria prevalence was not significantly lower in treated hills except for people sleeping under a net. Discussion Indoor spraying was feasible and resulted in high coverage despite being a logistically complex intervention in the Burundian context (scattered houses and emergency situation). However, it had little impact on the prevalence of malaria infection, possibly because it was implemented after the epidemic's peak. Nevertheless, after this outbreak the Ministry of Health improved the surveillance system, changed its policy with introduction of effective drugs and implementation of vector control to prevent new malaria epidemics. Conclusion In the absence of effective drugs and sufficient preparedness, present study failed to demonstrate any impact of vector control activities upon the course of a short-duration malaria epidemic. However, the experience gained lead to increased preparedness and demonstrated the feasibility of vector control measures in this specific context.
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- 2007
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46. Dilemmas in Managing Pregnant Women With Ebola: 2 Case Reports
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Caluwaerts, Séverine, Fautsch, Tessy, Lagrou, Daphne, Moreau, Michel, Modet Camara, Alseny, Günther, Stephan, Di Caro, Antonino, Borremans, Benny, Raymond Koundouno, Fara, Akoi Bore, Joseph, Logue, Christopher H., Richter, Martin, Wölfel, Roman, Kuisma, Eeva, Kurth, Andreas, Thomas, Stephen, Burkhardt, Gillian, Erland, Elin, Lionetto, Fanshen, Lledo Weber, Patricia, de la Rosa, Olimpia, Macpherson, Hassan, and Van Herp, Michel
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Adult ,Placenta ,viruses ,Medizin ,Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola ,Stillbirth ,Amniotic Fluid ,Fetal Blood ,EVD ,Young Adult ,Ebola ,Humans ,Female ,Brief Reports ,Human medicine ,pregnancy ,ddc:610 ,Pregnancy Complications, Infectious ,Biology ,reproductive and urinary physiology - Abstract
We report 2 cases of Ebola viral disease (EVD) in pregnant women who survived, initially with intact pregnancies. Respectively 3132 days after negativation of the maternal blood EVD-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) both patients delivered a stillborn fetus with persistent EVD-PCR amniotic fluid positivity.
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- 2015
47. Symptom-Based Ebola Risk Score for Ebola Virus Disease, Conakry, Guinea
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Ingelbeen, Brecht, De Weggheleire, Anja, Van Herp, Michel, and van Griensven, Johan
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Ebola hemorrhagic fever -- Diagnosis -- Care and treatment ,Health status indicators -- Evaluation ,Health - Abstract
To the Editor: In their article, Oza et al. proposed a score to risk-stratify Ebola virus disease (EVD) suspected cases while patients in an Ebola treatment center await laboratory confirmation [...]
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- 2018
48. Outbreak of extended-spectrum beta lactamase klebsiella pneumoniae in an MSF supported maternity in Central African Republic
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Thallinger, Monica, primary, Acma, Ayse, additional, Antierens, Annick, additional, Caluwaerts, An, additional, Chaillet, Pascale, additional, De Clerck, Hilde, additional, Di Stefano, Letizia, additional, Kolela, Fortunat, additional, Lambert, Vincent, additional, Maikere, Jacob, additional, Ogundipe, Oluwakemi, additional, Tremblay, Nathalie, additional, Zuniga, Isabel, additional, Van den Bergh, Rafael, additional, Van Herp, Michel, additional, and Cuesta, Julita Gil, additional
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- 2018
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49. New WHO guidelines on the management of pregnancy and breastfeeding in the context of Ebola
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Caluwaerts, Severine, Ribeiro do Valle, Carolina, Crozier, Ian, Deen, Gibrilla, Dixit, Devika, Godwin, Chrissy, Okong, Pius, Esteves Soeiro, Rachel, Sousa, João Paulo, van Herp, Michel, Bucagu, Maurice, Costa, Alejandro, Foeller, Megan, Formenty, Pierre, Gill, Roopan, Kim, Caron, Kini, Brigitte, Legand, Anais, Oladapo, Olufemi, Ouedraogo, Leopold, Perkins, Mark, Thorson, Anne, Titulaer, Patricia, Thorson, Anna E, and Foeller, Megan E
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- 2020
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50. The Effect of Dosing Regimens on the Antimalarial Efficacy of Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine: A Pooled Analysis of Individual Patient Data: A Pooled Analysis of Individual Patient Data
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Achan, Jane, Adam, Ishag, Arinaitwe, Emmanuel, Ashley, Elizabeth A., Awab, Ghulam Rahim, Ba, Mamadou S., Barnes, Karen I., Bassat, Quique, Borrmann, Steffen, Bousema, Teun, Dahal, Prabin, D'Alessandro, Umberto, Davis, Timothy M.E., Dondorp, Arjen M., Dorsey, Grant, Drakeley, Chris J., Fanello, Caterina I., Faye, Babacar, Flegg, Jennifer A., Gaye, Oumar, Gething, Peter W., González, Raquel, Guerin, Philippe J., Hay, Simon I., Hien, Tran T., Janssens, Bart, Kamya, Moses R., Karema, Corine, Karunajeewa, Harin A., Koné, Moussa, Lell, Bertrand, Marsh, Kevin, Mayxay, Mayfong, Menéndez, Clara, Mens, Petra F., Meremikwu, Martin, Moreira, Clarissa, Mueller, Ivo, Nabasumba, Carolyn, Nambozi, Michael, Ndiaye, Jean Louis, Newton, Paul N., Nguyen, Thuy Nhien, Nosten, Francois, Nsanzabana, Christian, Omar, Sabah A., Ouédraogo, Jean Bosco, Penali, Louis K., Pene, Mbaye, Phyo, Aung Pyae, Piola, Patrice, Price, Ric N., Sasithon, P., Rosenthal, Philip J., Same-Ekobo, Albert, Sawa, Patrick, Schallig, Henk D.F.H., Shekalaghe, Seif A., Sibley, Carol Hopkins, Smith, Jeff, Smithuis, Frank, Somé, Anyirékun Fabrice, Stepniewska, Kasia, Talisuna, Ambrose O., Tarning, Joel, Tjitra, Emiliana, Tine, Roger C.K., Tinto, Halidou, Valecha, Neena, Van Herp, Michel, Van Vugt, Michele, White, Nicholas J., Woodrow, Charles J., Yavo, William, Yeka, Adoke, Zongo, Issaka, Intensive Care Medicine, Infectious diseases, Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam Public Health, Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, AII - Infectious diseases, and AII - Inflammatory diseases
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Background:Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) is increasingly recommended for antimalarial treatment in many endemic countries; however, concerns have been raised over its potential under dosing in young children. We investigated the influence of different dosing schedules on DP's clinical efficacy.Methods and Findings:A systematic search of the literature was conducted to identify all studies published between 1960 and February 2013, in which patients were enrolled and treated with DP. Principal investigators were approached and invited to share individual patient data with the WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network (WWARN). Data were pooled using a standardised methodology. Univariable and multivariable risk factors for parasite recrudescence were identified using a Cox's regression model with shared frailty across the study sites. Twenty-four published and two unpublished studies (n = 7,072 patients) were included in the analysis. After correcting for reinfection by parasite genotyping, Kaplan-Meier survival estimates were 97.7% (95% CI 97.3%-98.1%) at day 42 and 97.2% (95% CI 96.7%-97.7%) at day 63. Overall 28.6% (979/3,429) of children aged 1 to 5 years received a total dose of piperaquine below 48 mg/kg (the lower limit recommended by WHO); this risk was 2.3-2.9-fold greater compared to that in the other age groups and was associated with reduced efficacy at day 63 (94.4% [95% CI 92.6%-96.2%], p
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- 2013
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