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1. A function approximation approach to the prediction of blood glucose levels

Author: Mhaskar, H. N., Pereverzyev, S. V., and van der Walt, M. D.
Subjects: Computer Science - Machine Learning, Mathematics - Numerical Analysis
Abstract: The problem of real time prediction of blood glucose (BG) levels based on the readings from a continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) device is a problem of great importance in diabetes care, and therefore, has attracted a lot of research in recent years, especially based on machine learning. An accurate prediction with a 30, 60, or 90 minute prediction horizon has the potential of saving millions of dollars in emergency care costs. In this paper, we treat the problem as one of function approximation, where the value of the BG level at time $t+h$ (where $h$ the prediction horizon) is considered to be an unknown function of $d$ readings prior to the time $t$. This unknown function may be supported in particular on some unknown submanifold of the $d$-dimensional Euclidean space. While manifold learning is classically done in a semi-supervised setting, where the entire data has to be known in advance, we use recent ideas to achieve an accurate function approximation in a supervised setting; i.e., construct a model for the target function. We use the state-of-the-art clinically relevant PRED-EGA grid to evaluate our results, and demonstrate that for a real life dataset, our method performs better than a standard deep network, especially in hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic regimes. One noteworthy aspect of this work is that the training data and test data may come from different distributions., Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1707.05828
Published: 2021

2. A deep learning approach to diabetic blood glucose prediction

Author: Mhaskar, H. N., Pereverzyev, S. V., and van der Walt, M. D.
Subjects: Computer Science - Learning, Mathematics - Numerical Analysis
Abstract: We consider the question of 30-minute prediction of blood glucose levels measured by continuous glucose monitoring devices, using clinical data. While most studies of this nature deal with one patient at a time, we take a certain percentage of patients in the data set as training data, and test on the remainder of the patients; i.e., the machine need not re-calibrate on the new patients in the data set. We demonstrate how deep learning can outperform shallow networks in this example. One novelty is to demonstrate how a parsimonious deep representation can be constructed using domain knowledge.
Published: 2017
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3. Correction: Epidemiology and outcomes of early-onset AKI in COVID-19-related ARDS in comparison with non-COVID-19-related ARDS: insights from two prospective global cohort studies (Critical Care, (2023), 27, 1, (3), 10.1186/s13054-022-04294-5)

Author: McNicholas B. A., Mcnicholas, B, Rezoagli, E, Simpkin, A, Khanna, S, Suen, J, Yeung, P, Brodie, D, Bassi, G, Pham, T, Bellani, G, Fraser, J, Laffey, J, Al-Dabbous, T, Alfoudri, H, Shamsah, M, Alhadad, Q, Hanan, M, Elapavaluru, S, Berg, A, Horn, C, Abdelhalim, A, Amer, A, Elnaggar, C, Hassan, A, Abdelaziz, A, Abdelhalim, M, Orabi, Y, Alaraji, Z, Muhaisen, M, Almasri, L, Mustafa, D, Hamdan, S, Al-Saba'a, Y, Dalloul, Z, Alkahlout, M, Jaber, H, Aldabbourosama, O, Hussein, A, Emad, Z, Khaled, S, Mohamed, N, Hassanin, E, Hamdi, A, Ragab, A, Azizeldin, M, Mayasi, Y, Schroll, S, Meyer, D, Velazco, J, Ploskanych, L, Fikes, W, Bagewadi, R, Dao, M, White, H, Laviena, A, Ehlers, A, Shalabi-McGuire, M, Witt, T, Grazioli, L, Lorini, L, Grandin, E, Nunez, J, Reyes, T, O'Briain, D, Hunter, S, Ramanan, M, Affleck, J, Veerendra, H, Rai, S, Russell-Brown, J, Nourse, M, Joseph, M, Mitchell, B, Tenzer, M, Abe, R, Cho, H, Jeong, I, Rahman, N, Kakar, V, Sun, H, Hanley, A, Brozzi, N, Mehkri, O, Krishnan, S, Duggal, A, Houltham, S, Graf, J, Diaz, R, Orrego, R, Delgado, C, Gonzalez, J, Sanchez, M, Piagnerelli, M, Sarrazin, J, Zabert, G, Espinosa, L, Delgado, P, Delgado, V, Rincon, D, Yanten, A, Duque, M, Abouelmagd, K, Elhazmi, A, Al-Hudaib, A, Javidfar, J, Callahan, M, Dong, A, D'Orleans, C, Taufik, M, Wardoyo, E, Gunawan, M, Trisnaningrum, N, Irawany, V, Rayhan, M, Panigada, M, Pesenti, A, Zanella, A, Grasselli, G, Colombo, S, Martinet, C, Florio, G, Antonelli, M, Carelli, S, Grieco, D, Asaki, M, Hoshino, K, Salazar, L, Monsalve, M, Cosgrave, D, Atif, M, Qutishat, F, Laffey, C, Van Der Walt, M, Mccaffrey, J, Bone, A, Hakeem, Y, Winearls, J, Tallott, M, Thomson, D, Joubert, I, Arnold-Day, C, Piercy, J, van Zyl Smit, R, Miller, M, Seymour, L, van Heyningen, F, Teyangesikayi, G, Fredericks, D, Hssain, A, Aliudin, J, Alqahtani, A, Mohamed, K, Mohamed, A, Tan, D, Villanueva, J, Zaqout, A, Kurtzman, E, Ademi, A, Dobrita, A, El Aoudi, K, Segura, J, Giwangkancana, G, Ohshimo, S, Osatnik, J, Joosten, A, Torres, A, Yang, M, Motos, A, Luna, C, Arancibia, F, Williams, V, Noel, A, Luque, N, Fantini, M, Garcia, R, Alvarez, E, Greti, A, Ceccato, A, Sanchez, A, Vazquez, A, Roche-Campo, F, Franch-Llasat, D, Tuazon, D, Amato, M, Cassimiro, L, Pola, F, Ribeiro, F, Fonseca, G, Dalton, H, Desai, M, Osborn, E, Deeb, H, Arcadipane, A, Martucci, G, Panarello, G, Vitiello, S, Bianco, C, Occhipinti, G, Rossetti, M, Cuffaro, R, Cho, S, Whitman, G, El Sayed, M, Mokhtar, W, El-Shenawy, E, Shimizu, H, Moriyama, N, Kim, J, Kitamura, N, Gebauer, J, Yokoyama, T, Al-Fares, A, Buabbas, S, Alamad, E, Alawadhi, F, Alawadi, K, Khalefa, M, Al Ajeel, N, Aly, M, Al-Saleh, A, Naanouh, A, Elshourbgy, A, Gad, M, Elrazaz, R, Khadadah, I, Almumin, A, Altarakma, H, Albannay, H, Alsaleh, M, Radwan, M, Saadallah, I, Tanaka, H, Hashimoto, S, Yamazaki, M, Oh, T, Epler, M, Forney, C, Kruse, L, Feister, J, Williamson, J, Grobengieser, K, Gnall, E, Golden, S, Caroline, M, Shapiro, T, Karaj, C, Thome, L, Sher, L, Vanderland, M, Welch, M, Mcdermott, S, Brain, M, Mineall, S, Unwin, M, Chen, L, Trezise, T, Mckeon, L, Kimura, D, Brazzi, L, Sales, G, Montrucchio, G, Ogston, T, Nagpal, D, Fischer, K, Lorusso, R, van Bussell, B, De Piero, M, Mariani, S, Rangappa, R, Shetty, R, Rai, P, Ganesan, A, Esperatti, M, Fuentes, N, Gonzalez, M, Carton, E, Sen, A, Palacios, A, Rainey, D, Samoukoviv, G, Campisi, J, Durham, L, Neumann, E, Seefeldt, C, Falcucci, O, Emmrich, A, Guy, J, Johns, C, Potzner, K, Zimmermann, C, Espinal, A, Buchtele, N, Schwameis, M, Korhnfehl, A, Brock, R, Staudinger, T, Stecher, S, Barnikel, M, Anton, S, Pawlikowski, A, Zaaqoq, A, Galloway, L, Merley, C, Nichol, A, Csete, M, Quesada, L, Saba, I, Kasugai, D, Hiraiwa, H, Tanaka, T, Marwali, E, Purnama, Y, Dewayanti, S, Ardiyan, Juzar, D, Siagian, D, Chen, Y, Ogino, M, Nasa, P, Matthew, C, Majeed, N, Ratsep, I, Post, A, Sillaots, P, Krund, A, Lehiste, M, Lepik, T, Manetta, F, Mihelis, E, Sarmiento, I, Narasimhan, M, Varrone, M, Komats, M, Garcia-Diaz, J, Harmon, C, Satyapriya, S, Bhatt, A, Mokadam, N, Uribe, A, Gonzalez, A, Shi, H, Mckeown, J, Pasek, J, Fiorda, J, Echeverria, M, Moreno, R, Zakhary, B, Cavana, M, Cucino, A, Foti, G, Giani, M, Fumagalli, B, Chiumello, D, Castagna, V, Dell'Amore, A, Navalesi, P, Shum, H, Vuysteke, A, Usman, A, Acker, A, Smood, B, Mergler, B, Sertic, F, Subramanian, M, Sperry, A, Rizer, N, Burhan, E, Rasmin, M, Akmal, E, Sitompul, F, Lolong, N, Naivedh, B, Erickson, S, Barrett, P, Dean, D, Daugherty, J, Loforte, A, Khan, I, Quraishi, M, Desantis, O, So, D, Kandamby, D, Mandei, J, Natanael, H, Yudhalantang, E, Lantang, A, Wijaya, S, Jung, A, Ng, G, Ng, W, Ng, P, Fang, S, Tabah, A, Ratcliffe, M, Duroux, M, Alajeeli, A, Tarhabat, A, Adachi, S, Nakao, S, Blanco, P, Prieto, A, Sanchez, J, Nicholson, M, Butt, W, Serratore, A, Delzoppo, C, Janin, P, Yarad, E, Totaro, R, Coles, J, Pujo, B, Balk, R, Vissing, A, Kapania, E, Hays, J, Fox, S, Yantosh, G, Mishin, P, Yuliarto, S, Santoso, K, Djajalaksana, S, Fatoni, A, Fukuda, M, Liu, K, Pelosi, P, Battaglini, D, Jimenez, J, Bastos, D, Gaiao, S, Rusmawatiningtyas, D, Cho, Y, Lee, S, Kawasaki, T, Munshi, L, Sakiyalak, P, Nitayavardhana, P, Elagili, M, Salem, T, Seitz, T, Arora, R, Kent, D, Marino, D, Parwar, S, Cheng, A, Miller, J, Fujitani, S, Shimizu, N, Madhok, J, Owyang, C, Buscher, H, Reynolds, C, Maasikas, O, Aleksanbeljantsev, Mihnovits, V, Akimoto, T, Aizawa, M, Horibe, K, Onodera, R, Hodgson, C, Burrell, A, Young, M, George, T, Shekar, K, Mcguinness, N, Irvine, L, Flynn, B, Endo, T, Sugiyama, K, Shimizu, K, Fan, E, Exconde, K, Ichiba, S, Binnawara, M, Lussier, L, Lotz, G, Malfertheiner, M, Maier, L, Dreier, E, Kusumastuti, N, Mccloskey, C, Dabaliz, A, Elshazly, T, Smith, J, Szuldrzynski, K, Bielanski, P, Wille, K, Murthy, S, Parhar, K, Fiest, K, Codan, C, Shahid, A, Fayed, M, Evans, T, Gutierrez, A, Song, T, Rose, R, Bennett, S, Richardson, D, Peek, G, Arora, L, Rappapport, K, Rudolph, K, Sibenaller, Z, Stout, L, Walter, A, Herr, D, Vedadi, N, Bartlett, R, Thompson, S, Hoffman, J, Ying, X, Williams, B, Sanchez, E, Akwani, C, Kennedy, R, Elhadi, M, Griffee, M, Mone, M, Ciullo, A, Kida, Y, Roca, R, Riera, J, Contreras, S, Alegre, C, Kay, C, Fischer, I, Renner, E, Taniguci, H, Lee, J, Plotkin, D, Citarella, B, Merson, L, Hartley, E, Lubis, B, Ikeyama, T, Alhamad, A, Fathi, M, Hadhoud, M, Alhouri, H, Mechi, A, Alyasiri, M, Elsaid, M, Shahla, H, Bhaskar, B, Jung, J, Mcguinness, S, Eastwood, G, Marta, S, Guarracino, F, Gerle, S, Coxon, E, Claro, B, Eleisawy, M, Osama, H, Loverde, D, Patil, N, Parrini, V, Mcbride, A, Negaard, K, Ratsch, A, Uribe, J, Peris, A, Sanders, M, Emerson, D, Kamal, M, Faida, H, Povoa, P, Francis, R, Cherif, A, Joseph, S, Di Nardo, M, Heard, M, Kyle, K, Blackwell, R, Ouyahia, A, Biston, P, Jeong, H, Smith, R, Prawira, Y, Garcia, A, Salterain, N, Meyns, B, Elnasser, M, Moreno, M, Walia, R, Mehta, A, Schweda, A, Williams, M, Emadamkhatirah, Kim, K, Assad, A, Giraldo, E, Karolak, W, Balik, M, Pocock, E, Gajkowski, E, Masafumi, K, Barrett, N, Takeyama, Y, Park, S, Amin, F, Andriyani, F, Sudakevych, S, Schnur, J, Vera, M, Cornejo, R, Schwarz, P, Mardini, A, de Paula, T, Neto, A, Villoldo, A, Colafranceschi, A, Iglesias, A, Granjean, J, Melro, L, Romualdo, G, Gaia, D, Souza, H, Galas, F, Mendiluce, R, Sosa, A, Martinez, I, Kurosawa, H, Almoshantaf, M, Salgado, J, Hugi-Mayr, B, Charbonneau, E, Barzilai, V, Monteiro, V, de Souza, R, Harper, M, Siddig, N, Suzuki, H, Adams, C, Brieva, J, Khamees, A, Graige, F, Supriatna, M, Nyale, G, Eltatar, F, Fatani, J, Baeissa, H, Masri, A, Rabie, A, Hui, M, Yamane, M, Jung, H, Margaret, A, Nacpil, N, Ruck, K, Bakken, R, Jara, C, Felton, T, Tharwat, S, Berra, L, Shah, B, Chakraborty, A, Cardona, M, Capatos, G, Akkanti, B, Orija, A, Jain, H, Ito, A, Muftah, M, Housni, B, Aldhalia, A, Low, S, Iihara, K, Chavez, J, Ramanathan, K, Naidoo, K, Seppelt, I, Vandyk, M, Macdonald, S, Hafez, W, Mcgregor, R, Siebenaler, T, Flynn, H, Lofton, K, Aokage, T, Kvirkvelia, B, Shigemitsu, K, Moscatelli, A, Fiorentino, G, Baumgaertel, M, Mba, S, Assy, J, Hutahaean, A, Roush, H, Sichting, K, Alessandri, F, Burns, D, Alkhubouli, T, Nasrallah, A, Salt, G, Garabedian, C, Millar, J, Sim, M, Mattke, A, Mcauley, D, Tadili, J, Frenzel, T, Bar-Lavie, Y, Ortiz, A, Stone, J, Attokaran, A, Farquharson, M, Patel, B, Gunning, D, Baillie, K, Adem, S, Watson, P, Tamai, K, Sajinadiyasa, G, Kanyawati, D, Salgado, M, Sassine, A, Yudo, B, Mccaul, S, Lee, B, Afek, A, Iwashita, Y, Fadlalmola, H, Semedi, B, Mansour, N, Metiva, J, Van Belle, N, Martin-Loeches, I, Al-Sadawi, M, Kirakli, C, Shimaa, A, Abdurraouf, A, Ivatt, L, Moharam, S, Woon, C, Kang, H, Smith, T, James, E, Al-Rawas, N, Almjersah, A, Iwasaki, Y, Ashour, H, Embarek, H, King-Chung, K, Gudzenko, V, Taccone, F, Perdhana, F, Lamarche, Y, Ribeiro, J, Bradic, N, Van den Bossche, K, Lansink, O, Singh, G, Debeuckelaere, G, Stelfox, H, Yi, C, Elia, J, Tribble, T, Shankar, S, Padmanabhan, R, Hallinan, B, Paoletti, L, Leyva, Y, Fykuda, T, Badulak, J, Koch, J, Janowaik, L, Hackman, A, Hernandez, D, Osofsky, J, Donadello, K, Lawang, A, Fine, J, Davidson, B, Abdehaleem, I, McNicholas B. A., Rezoagli E., Simpkin A. J., Khanna S., Suen J. Y., Yeung P., Brodie D., Bassi G. L., Pham T., Bellani G., Fraser J. F., Laffey J., Al-Dabbous T., Alfoudri H., Shamsah M., Alhadad Q., Hanan M., Elapavaluru S., Berg A., Horn C., Abdelhalim A. R. M. E., Amer A. E., Elnaggar C. O. R., Hassan A. A., Abdelaziz A., Abdelhalim M., Orabi Y. S. S. A., Alaraji Z. A., Muhaisen M. R., Almasri L., Mustafa D., Hamdan S., Al-Saba'a Y., Dalloul Z., Alkahlout M., Jaber H., Aldabbourosama O., Hussein A. A. R. M., Emad Z. K., Khaled S., Mohamed N., Hassanin E., Hamdi A., Ragab A., Azizeldin M. G., Mayasi Y., Schroll S., Meyer D., Velazco J., Ploskanych L., Fikes W., Bagewadi R., Dao M., White H., Laviena A. B., Ehlers A., Shalabi-McGuire M., Witt T., Grazioli L., Lorini L., Grandin E. W., Nunez J., Reyes T., O'Briain D., Hunter S., Ramanan M., Affleck J., Veerendra H. H., Rai S., Russell-Brown J., Nourse M., Joseph M., Mitchell B., Tenzer M., Abe R., Cho H. J., Jeong I. S., Rahman N., Kakar V., Sun H., Hanley A., Brozzi N., Mehkri O., Krishnan S., Duggal A., Houltham S., Graf J., Diaz R., Orrego R., Delgado C., Gonzalez J., Sanchez M. S., Piagnerelli M., Sarrazin J. V., Zabert G., Espinosa L., Delgado P., Delgado V., Rincon D. F. B., Yanten A. M. M., Duque M. B., Abouelmagd K., Elhazmi A., Al-Hudaib A., Javidfar J., Callahan M., Dong A., D'Orleans C. C., Taufik M. A., Wardoyo E. Y., Gunawan M., Trisnaningrum N. S., Irawany V., Rayhan M., Panigada M., Pesenti A., Zanella A., Grasselli G., Colombo S., Martinet C., Florio G., Antonelli M., Carelli S., Grieco D. L., Asaki M., Hoshino K., Salazar L., Monsalve M. A. M., McNicholas B., Cosgrave D., Atif M., Qutishat F., Laffey C., Van Der Walt M., McCaffrey J., Bone A., Hakeem Y., Winearls J., Tallott M., Thomson D., Joubert I., Arnold-Day C., Piercy J., van Zyl Smit R., Miller M., Seymour L., van Heyningen F., Teyangesikayi G., Fredericks D., Hssain A. A., Aliudin J., Alqahtani A. -R., Mohamed K., Mohamed A., Tan D., Villanueva J., Zaqout A., Kurtzman E., Ademi A., Dobrita A., El Aoudi K., Segura J., Giwangkancana G., Ohshimo S., Osatnik J., Joosten A., Torres A., Yang M., Motos A., Luna C., Arancibia F., Williams V., Noel A., Luque N., Fantini M., Garcia R. N. J., Alvarez E. C., Greti A., Ceccato A., Sanchez A., Vazquez A. L., Roche-Campo F., Franch-Llasat D., Tuazon D., Amato M., Cassimiro L., Pola F., Ribeiro F., Fonseca G., Dalton H., Desai M., Osborn E., Deeb H., Arcadipane A., Martucci G., Panarello G., Vitiello S., Bianco C., Occhipinti G., Rossetti M., Cuffaro R., Cho S. -M., Whitman G., El Sayed M., Mokhtar W., El-Shenawy E., Shimizu H., Moriyama N., Kim J. -B., Kitamura N., Gebauer J., Yokoyama T., Al-Fares A., Buabbas S., Alamad E., Alawadhi F., Alawadi K., Khalefa M. A., Al Ajeel N. A. A., Aly M. F., Al-Saleh A., Naanouh A., Elshourbgy A. M., Gad M. Y., ElRazaz R. M., Khadadah I., Almumin A. M., Altarakma H., Albannay H., Alsaleh M. K., Radwan M. S. A., Saadallah I. A., Tanaka H., Hashimoto S., Yamazaki M., Oh T. -H., Epler M., Forney C., Kruse L., Feister J., Williamson J., Grobengieser K., Gnall E., Golden S., Caroline M., Shapiro T., Karaj C., Thome L., Sher L., Vanderland M., Welch M., McDermott S., Brain M., Mineall S., Unwin M., Chen L., Trezise T., McKeon L., Kimura D., Brazzi L., Sales G., Montrucchio G., Ogston T., Nagpal D., Fischer K., Lorusso R., van Bussell B., De Piero M. E., Mariani S., Rangappa R., Shetty R. M., Rai P. S., Ganesan A., Esperatti M., Fuentes N. A., Gonzalez M. E., Carton E. G., Sen A., Palacios A., Rainey D., Samoukoviv G., Campisi J., Durham L., Neumann E., Seefeldt C., Falcucci O., Emmrich A., Guy J., Johns C., Potzner K., Zimmermann C., Espinal A., Buchtele N., Schwameis M., Korhnfehl A., Brock R., Staudinger T., Stecher S. -S., Barnikel M., Anton S., Pawlikowski A., Zaaqoq A., Galloway L. A., Merley C., Nichol A., Csete M., Quesada L., Saba I., Kasugai D., Hiraiwa H., Tanaka T., Marwali E., Purnama Y., Dewayanti S. R., Juzar D. A., Siagian D., Chen Y. -S., Ogino M., Nasa P., Matthew C., Majeed N. A., Ratsep I., Post A. -M., Sillaots P., Krund A., Lehiste M. -H., Lepik T., Manetta F., Mihelis E., Sarmiento I. C., Narasimhan M., Varrone M., Komats M., Garcia-Diaz J., Harmon C., Satyapriya S. V., Bhatt A., Mokadam N. A., Uribe A., Gonzalez A., Shi H., McKeown J., Pasek J., Fiorda J., Echeverria M., Moreno R., Zakhary B., Cavana M., Cucino A., Foti G., Giani M., Fumagalli B., Chiumello D., Castagna V., Dell'Amore A., Navalesi P., Shum H. -P., Vuysteke A., Usman A., Acker A., Smood B., Mergler B., Sertic F., Subramanian M., Sperry A., Rizer N., Burhan E., Rasmin M., Akmal E., Sitompul F., Lolong N., Naivedh B., Erickson S., Barrett P., Dean D., Daugherty J., Loforte A., Khan I., Quraishi M. A., DeSantis O., So D., Kandamby D., Mandei J. M., Natanael H., YudhaLantang E., Lantang A., Wijaya S. O., Jung A., Ng G., Ng W. Y., Ng P. Y., Fang S., Tabah A., Ratcliffe M., Duroux M., Alajeeli A., Tarhabat A., Adachi S., Nakao S., Blanco P., Prieto A., Sanchez J., Nicholson M., Butt W., Serratore A., Delzoppo C., Janin P., Yarad E., Totaro R., Coles J., Pujo B., Balk R., Vissing A., Kapania E., Hays J., Fox S., Yantosh G., Mishin P., Yuliarto S., Santoso K. H., Djajalaksana S., Fatoni A. Z., Fukuda M., Liu K., Pelosi P., Battaglini D., Jimenez J. F. M., Bastos D., Gaiao S., Rusmawatiningtyas D., Cho Y. -J., Lee S. H., Kawasaki T., Munshi L., Sakiyalak P., Nitayavardhana P., Elagili M. B., Salem T. A. A., Seitz T., Arora R., Kent D., Marino D., Parwar S., Cheng A., Miller J., Fujitani S., Shimizu N., Madhok J., Owyang C., Buscher H., Reynolds C., Maasikas O., AleksanBeljantsev, Mihnovits V., Akimoto T., Aizawa M., Horibe K., Onodera R., Hodgson C., Burrell A., Young M., George T., Shekar K., McGuinness N., Irvine L., Flynn B., Endo T., Sugiyama K., Shimizu K., Fan E., Exconde K., Ichiba S., Binnawara M., Lussier L., Lotz G., Malfertheiner M., Maier L., Dreier E., Kusumastuti N. P., McCloskey C., Dabaliz A. -A., Elshazly T. B., Smith J., Szuldrzynski K. S., Bielanski P., Wille K., Murthy S., Parhar K. K. S., Fiest K. M., Codan C., Shahid A., Fayed M., Evans T., Garcia R., Gutierrez A., Song T., Rose R., Bennett S., Richardson D., Peek G., Arora L., Rappapport K., Rudolph K., Sibenaller Z., Stout L., Walter A., Herr D., Vedadi N., Bartlett R., Thompson S., Hoffman J., Ying X., Williams B., Sanchez E., Akwani C., Kennedy R., Elhadi M., Griffee M., Mone M., Ciullo A., Kida Y., Roca R. F., Riera J. I., Contreras S., Alegre C., Kay C., Fischer I., Renner E., Taniguci H., Lee J., Plotkin D., Citarella B. W., Merson L., Hartley E., Lubis B., Ikeyama T., Alhamad A., Fathi M., Hadhoud M. M., Alhouri H., Mechi A., Alyasiri M. S., Elsaid M. Z. A., Shahla H., Bhaskar B., Jung J. -S., McGuinness S., Eastwood G., Marta S. R., Guarracino F., Gerle S., Coxon E., Claro B., Eleisawy M., Osama H., Loverde D., Patil N., Parrini V., McBride A., Negaard K., Ratsch A., Uribe J. D., Peris A., Sanders M., Emerson D., Kamal M., Faida H., Povoa P., Francis R., Cherif A., Joseph S., Di Nardo M., Heard M., Kyle K., Blackwell R. A., Ouyahia A., Biston P., Jeong H. W., Smith R., Prawira Y., Garcia A. H., Salterain N., Meyns B., Elnasser M., Moreno M., Walia R., Mehta A., Schweda A., Williams M., EmadAmkhatirah, Kim K. H., Assad A., Giraldo E., Karolak W., Balik M., Pocock E., Gajkowski E., Masafumi K., Barrett N., Takeyama Y., Park S., Amin F., Andriyani F. M., Sudakevych S., Schnur J., Vera M., Cornejo R., Schwarz P., Mardini A. C., de Paula T., Neto A. S., Villoldo A., Colafranceschi A. S., Iglesias A. U., Granjean J., Melro L. M. G., Romualdo G. F., Gaia D., Souza H., Galas F., Mendiluce R. M., Sosa A., Martinez I., Kurosawa H., Almoshantaf M. B., Salgado J., Hugi-Mayr B., Charbonneau E., Barzilai V. S., Monteiro V., de Souza R. R., Harper M., Siddig N., Suzuki H., Adams C., Brieva J., Khamees A., Graige F., Supriatna M., Nyale G., Eltatar F. S., Fatani J., Baeissa H., Masri A. A. L., Rabie A., Hui M. Y., Yamane M., Jung H., Margaret A. M., Nacpil N., Ruck K., Bakken R., Jara C., Felton T., Tharwat S., Berra L., Shah B., Chakraborty A., Cardona M., Capatos G., Akkanti B., Orija A., Jain H., Ito A., Muftah M., Housni B., Aldhalia A., Low S., Iihara K., Chavez J., Ramanathan K., Naidoo K., Seppelt I., VanDyk M., MacDonald S., Hafez W., McGregor R., Siebenaler T., Flynn H., Lofton K., Aokage T., Kvirkvelia B., Shigemitsu K., Moscatelli A., Fiorentino G., Baumgaertel M., Mba S. E., Assy J., Hutahaean A., Roush H., Sichting K. A., Alessandri F., Burns D., Alkhubouli T. H., Nasrallah A., Salt G., Garabedian C. P., Millar J., Sim M., Mattke A., McAuley D., Tadili J., Frenzel T., Bar-Lavie Y., Ortiz A. B., Stone J., Attokaran A., Farquharson M., Patel B., Gunning D., Baillie K., Adem S., Watson P., Tamai K., Sajinadiyasa G. K., Kanyawati D., Salgado M., Sassine A., Yudo B., McCaul S., Lee B., Lee S. M., Afek A., Iwashita Y., Fadlalmola H., Semedi B. P., Mansour N. 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A., Merley C., Nichol A., Csete M., Quesada L., Saba I., Kasugai D., Hiraiwa H., Tanaka T., Marwali E., Purnama Y., Dewayanti S. R., Juzar D. A., Siagian D., Chen Y. -S., Ogino M., Nasa P., Matthew C., Majeed N. A., Ratsep I., Post A. -M., Sillaots P., Krund A., Lehiste M. -H., Lepik T., Manetta F., Mihelis E., Sarmiento I. C., Narasimhan M., Varrone M., Komats M., Garcia-Diaz J., Harmon C., Satyapriya S. V., Bhatt A., Mokadam N. A., Uribe A., Gonzalez A., Shi H., McKeown J., Pasek J., Fiorda J., Echeverria M., Moreno R., Zakhary B., Cavana M., Cucino A., Foti G., Giani M., Fumagalli B., Chiumello D., Castagna V., Dell'Amore A., Navalesi P., Shum H. -P., Vuysteke A., Usman A., Acker A., Smood B., Mergler B., Sertic F., Subramanian M., Sperry A., Rizer N., Burhan E., Rasmin M., Akmal E., Sitompul F., Lolong N., Naivedh B., Erickson S., Barrett P., Dean D., Daugherty J., Loforte A., Khan I., Quraishi M. A., DeSantis O., So D., Kandamby D., Mandei J. M., Natanael H., YudhaLantang E., Lantang A., Wijaya S. O., Jung A., Ng G., Ng W. Y., Ng P. Y., Fang S., Tabah A., Ratcliffe M., Duroux M., Alajeeli A., Tarhabat A., Adachi S., Nakao S., Blanco P., Prieto A., Sanchez J., Nicholson M., Butt W., Serratore A., Delzoppo C., Janin P., Yarad E., Totaro R., Coles J., Pujo B., Balk R., Vissing A., Kapania E., Hays J., Fox S., Yantosh G., Mishin P., Yuliarto S., Santoso K. H., Djajalaksana S., Fatoni A. Z., Fukuda M., Liu K., Pelosi P., Battaglini D., Jimenez J. F. M., Bastos D., Gaiao S., Rusmawatiningtyas D., Cho Y. -J., Lee S. H., Kawasaki T., Munshi L., Sakiyalak P., Nitayavardhana P., Elagili M. B., Salem T. A. A., Seitz T., Arora R., Kent D., Marino D., Parwar S., Cheng A., Miller J., Fujitani S., Shimizu N., Madhok J., Owyang C., Buscher H., Reynolds C., Maasikas O., AleksanBeljantsev, Mihnovits V., Akimoto T., Aizawa M., Horibe K., Onodera R., Hodgson C., Burrell A., Young M., George T., Shekar K., McGuinness N., Irvine L., Flynn B., Endo T., Sugiyama K., Shimizu K., Fan E., Exconde K., Ichiba S., Binnawara M., Lussier L., Lotz G., Malfertheiner M., Maier L., Dreier E., Kusumastuti N. P., McCloskey C., Dabaliz A. -A., Elshazly T. B., Smith J., Szuldrzynski K. S., Bielanski P., Wille K., Murthy S., Parhar K. K. S., Fiest K. M., Codan C., Shahid A., Fayed M., Evans T., Garcia R., Gutierrez A., Song T., Rose R., Bennett S., Richardson D., Peek G., Arora L., Rappapport K., Rudolph K., Sibenaller Z., Stout L., Walter A., Herr D., Vedadi N., Bartlett R., Thompson S., Hoffman J., Ying X., Williams B., Sanchez E., Akwani C., Kennedy R., Elhadi M., Griffee M., Mone M., Ciullo A., Kida Y., Roca R. F., Riera J. I., Contreras S., Alegre C., Kay C., Fischer I., Renner E., Taniguci H., Lee J., Plotkin D., Citarella B. W., Merson L., Hartley E., Lubis B., Ikeyama T., Alhamad A., Fathi M., Hadhoud M. M., Alhouri H., Mechi A., Alyasiri M. S., Elsaid M. Z. A., Shahla H., Bhaskar B., Jung J. -S., McGuinness S., Eastwood G., Marta S. R., Guarracino F., Gerle S., Coxon E., Claro B., Eleisawy M., Osama H., Loverde D., Patil N., Parrini V., McBride A., Negaard K., Ratsch A., Uribe J. D., Peris A., Sanders M., Emerson D., Kamal M., Faida H., Povoa P., Francis R., Cherif A., Joseph S., Di Nardo M., Heard M., Kyle K., Blackwell R. A., Ouyahia A., Biston P., Jeong H. W., Smith R., Prawira Y., Garcia A. H., Salterain N., Meyns B., Elnasser M., Moreno M., Walia R., Mehta A., Schweda A., Williams M., EmadAmkhatirah, Kim K. H., Assad A., Giraldo E., Karolak W., Balik M., Pocock E., Gajkowski E., Masafumi K., Barrett N., Takeyama Y., Park S., Amin F., Andriyani F. M., Sudakevych S., Schnur J., Vera M., Cornejo R., Schwarz P., Mardini A. C., de Paula T., Neto A. S., Villoldo A., Colafranceschi A. S., Iglesias A. U., Granjean J., Melro L. M. G., Romualdo G. F., Gaia D., Souza H., Galas F., Mendiluce R. M., Sosa A., Martinez I., Kurosawa H., Almoshantaf M. B., Salgado J., Hugi-Mayr B., Charbonneau E., Barzilai V. S., Monteiro V., de Souza R. R., Harper M., Siddig N., Suzuki H., Adams C., Brieva J., Khamees A., Graige F., Supriatna M., Nyale G., Eltatar F. S., Fatani J., Baeissa H., Masri A. A. L., Rabie A., Hui M. Y., Yamane M., Jung H., Margaret A. M., Nacpil N., Ruck K., Bakken R., Jara C., Felton T., Tharwat S., Berra L., Shah B., Chakraborty A., Cardona M., Capatos G., Akkanti B., Orija A., Jain H., Ito A., Muftah M., Housni B., Aldhalia A., Low S., Iihara K., Chavez J., Ramanathan K., Naidoo K., Seppelt I., VanDyk M., MacDonald S., Hafez W., McGregor R., Siebenaler T., Flynn H., Lofton K., Aokage T., Kvirkvelia B., Shigemitsu K., Moscatelli A., Fiorentino G., Baumgaertel M., Mba S. E., Assy J., Hutahaean A., Roush H., Sichting K. A., Alessandri F., Burns D., Alkhubouli T. H., Nasrallah A., Salt G., Garabedian C. P., Millar J., Sim M., Mattke A., McAuley D., Tadili J., Frenzel T., Bar-Lavie Y., Ortiz A. B., Stone J., Attokaran A., Farquharson M., Patel B., Gunning D., Baillie K., Adem S., Watson P., Tamai K., Sajinadiyasa G. K., Kanyawati D., Salgado M., Sassine A., Yudo B., McCaul S., Lee B., Lee S. M., Afek A., Iwashita Y., Fadlalmola H., Semedi B. P., Mansour N. M., Metiva J., Van Belle N., Martin-Loeches I., Al-Sadawi M., Kirakli C., Shimaa A. -T., Abdurraouf A., Ivatt L., Moharam S., Woon C. Y., Kang H. M., Smith T., James E., Al-Rawas N., Almjersah A., Iwasaki Y., Ashour H., Embarek H., King-Chung K. C., Gudzenko V., Taccone F., Perdhana F., Lamarche Y., Ribeiro J. M., Bradic N., Van den Bossche K., Lansink O., Singh G., Debeuckelaere G., Stelfox H. T., Yi C., Elia J., Tribble T., Shankar S., Padmanabhan R., Hallinan B., Paoletti L., Leyva Y., Fykuda T., Badulak J., Koch J., Janowaik L., Hackman A., Hernandez D., Osofsky J., Donadello K., Lawang A., Fine J., Davidson B., Vazquez A. O. R., and Abdehaleem I.
Abstract: Following publication of the original article [1], the authors identified that the collaborating authors part of the collaborating author group CCCC Consortium was missing. The collaborating author group is available and included as Additional file 1 in this article.
Published: 2023

4. One-year assessment of physical activity level in adult Qatari females: a pedometer-based longitudinal study

Author: Sayegh S, Van Der Walt M, and Al-Kuwari MG
Subjects: Pedometer, step-count, aerobic steps, daily steps, Gynecology and obstetrics, RG1-991
Abstract: Suzan Sayegh, Mercia Van Der Walt, Mohamed Ghaith Al-Kuwari Exercise is Medicine Department, Aspetar Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar Background: Physical inactivity is a growing health concern and has been identified as the fourth leading risk factor for global mortality. The Arab region includes countries with some of the world’s highest physical inactivity levels, such as Qatar, more specifically the Qatari female population.Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the physical activity levels of Qatari national female adults during a 1-year pedometer-based program.Materials and methods: A total of 549 Qatari national females aged between 18 years and 64 years were included. Data extracted from “Step into Health” program web database in Qatar were used for analyses. Daily habitual physical activity (daily total step count and aerobic steps) was assessed through the Omron HJ-324U pedometer. Step counts were classified as follows:
Published: 2016

5. Die migrasie en verspreiding van aansteeklike siektes: Vanaf die oorsprong van Homo sapiens tot en met die Antroposeen

Author: van der Walt, M, primary
Published: 2022
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6. A Function Approximation Approach to the Prediction of Blood Glucose Levels

Author: Mhaskar, H. N., primary, Pereverzyev, S. V., additional, and van der Walt, M. D., additional
Published: 2021
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7. Chemiese aanpassing van ZIF-67 nanodeeltjies vir toepassing as geneesmiddeldraers

Author: Van der Walt, m, primary and Langner, EHG, additional
Published: 2021
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8. Qualitative and quantitative detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in untreated wastewater in Western Cape Province, South Africa

Author: Johnson, R, primary, Muller, C J F, additional, Ghoor, S, additional, Louw, J, additional, Archer, E, additional, Surujlal-Naicker, S, additional, Berkowitz, N, additional, Volschenk, M, additional, Bröcker, L H L, additional, Wolfaardt, G, additional, Van der Walt, M, additional, Mutshembele, A M, additional, Malema, S, additional, Gelderblom, H C, additional, Muhdluli, M, additional, Gray, G, additional, Mathee, A, additional, and Street, R, additional
Published: 2021
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9. How COVID-19 can instruct TB research: ensuring the safety of researchers exposed to infectious disease

Author: van der Walt, M., primary and Keddy, K. H., additional
Published: 2020
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10. First reported African case ofAnaerobiospirillum succiniciproducens septicemia

Author: Marcus, L., Gove, E. W., van der Walt, M. L., Koornhof, H. J., Malnick, H., and Kilian, J. G.
Published: 1996
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11. A Partially Protective Clone from Cowdria ruminantium Identified by Using a Salmonella Vaccine Delivery Systema

Author: BRAYTON, K. A., VAN DER WALT, M., VOGEL, S. W., and ALLSOPP, B. A.
Published: 1998

12. Epidemiology of drug-resistant tuberculosis among children and adolescents in South Africa, 2005–2010

Author: Joey Lancaster, Sapna Bamrah Morris, Sarah Smith, Linda Erasmus, Norbert Ndjeka, Nazir Ahmed Ismail, Burton D, Heather J. Menzies, Brittany K. Moore, Julia Ershova, Anyalechi E, and van der Walt M
Subjects: Male, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Pediatrics, Time Factors, Tuberculosis, Adolescent, Anti-HIV Agents, Population, Antitubercular Agents, HIV Infections, Drug resistance, Disease, Medical Records, South Africa, Age Distribution, Predictive Value of Tests, Risk Factors, Environmental health, Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant, Epidemiology, medicine, Humans, Child, education, Retrospective Studies, education.field_of_study, Coinfection, business.industry, Public health, Age Factors, medicine.disease, Treatment Outcome, Infectious Diseases, Female, Contact Tracing, business, Contact tracing
Abstract: SOUTH AFRICA has one of the highest burdens of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB; defined as TB with resistance to isoniazid [INH] and rifampin [RMP]) in the world, with 15 419 laboratory-confirmed MDR-TB cases in 2012.1 The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 1.8% of new cases and 6.7% of retreatment cases among adults in South Africa are MDR-TB.2 No routine surveillance data on MDR-TB among children are available globally or in South Africa. However, the proportion of MDR-TB among new and retreatment cases is believed to be similar among both adults and children in most countries, based on several mathematical models.1,3,4 In some settings, including South Africa, infants and young children may be at higher risk for MDR-TB than adults.4,5 Estimates of pediatric TB and drug-resistant TB (DR-TB; TB with resistance to any anti-tuberculosis drug) rely on limited data because TB surveillance has historically focused on sputum smear-positive disease and laboratory- confirmed drug resistance, which are much less common in children, who often have difficulty producing sputum and tend to have paucibacillary disease.4–6 The presence of drug resistance or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection compounds diagnostic and treatment challenges in children.7–10 Such challenges are of concern, as infants and young children, especially those with HIV infection, are more likely than adults to progress rapidly from infection to disease and develop more severe forms of TB, such as TB meningitis.7,10–12 The few published reports that describe the epidemiology of pediatric DR-TB have been limited to small case series or cohorts in academic centers. A recent meta-analysis highlighted variations in treatment practices, time to treatment (from 2 days to 46 months), length of treatment (6–34 months), and severity of disease among children, but reported a relatively uniform treatment success rate of 80%.8,13 Studies from major academic centers in Johannesburg and the Western Cape Province provide the most comprehensive description of DR-TB among children in South Africa. In the Western Cape, results from surveys over a 17-year period showed DR-TB and MDR-TB among children with culture-confirmed TB reaching its peak during our study period, at 15.4% and 8.9%, respectively.14–16 In Johannesburg in 2008, 9% of children with a recorded drug susceptibility test (DST) result had MDR-TB.17 Treatment outcomes varied, with higher levels of mortality (31%) among children in Johannesburg than in Western Cape (12%).13,17 A better understanding of the epidemiology of DR-TB in children and adolescents across South Africa can inform whether programmatic and clinical practices meet the needs of children and adolescents. To that end, we reviewed the records of children and adolescents with DR-TB in four provinces in South Africa to describe the clinical features, management, and outcomes of DR-TB among this vulnerable population.
Published: 2015
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13. Treatment Outcomes of Patients With Multidrug-Resistant and Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis According to Drug Susceptibility Testing to First- and Second-line Drugs: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis

Author: Bastos, Mayara L., Hussain, Hamidah, Weyer, Karin, Garcia-Garcia, Lourdes, Leimane, Vaira, Leung, Chi Chiu, Narita, Masahiro, Penã, Jose M., Ponce-de-Leon, Alfredo, Seung, Kwonjune J., Shean, Karen, Sifuentes-Osornio, José, Van der Walt, Martie, Van der Werf, Tjip S., Yew, Wing Wai, Menzies, Dick, Ahuja, S., Ashkin, D., Avendaño, M., Banerjee, R., Bauer, M., Becerra, M., Benedetti, A., Burgos, M., Centis, R., Chan, E.D., Chiang, C.Y., Cobelens, F., Cox, H., D'Ambrosio, L., de Lange, W.C.M., DeRiemer, K., Enarson, D., Falzon, D., Flanagan, K., Flood, J., Gandhi, N., Garcia-Garcia, L., Granich, R.M., Hollm-Delgado, M.G., Holtz, T.H., Hopewell, P., Iseman, M., Jarlsberg, L.G., Keshavjee, S., Kim, H.R., Koh, W.J., Lancaster, J., Lange, C., Leimane, V., Leung, C.C., Li, J., Menzies, D., Migliori, G.B., Mitnick, C.M., Narita, M., Nathanson, E., Odendaal, R., O'Riordan, P., Pai, M., Palmero, D., Park, S.K., Pasvol, G., Pena, J., Pérez-Guzmán, C., Ponce-de-Leon, A., Quelapio, M.I.D., Quy, H.T., Riekstina, V., Robert, J., Royce, S., Salim, M., Schaaf, H.S., Seung, K.J., Shah, L., Shean, K., Shim, T.S., Shin, S.S., Shiraishi, Y., Sifuentes-Osornio, J., Sotgiu, G., Strand, M.J., Sung, S.W., Tabarsi, P., Tupasi, T.E., Vargas, M.H., van Altena, R., van der Walt, M., van der Werf, T.S., Viiklepp, P., Westenhouse, J., Yew, W.W., and Yim, J.J.
Abstract: The clinical validity of drug susceptibility testing (DST) for pyrazinamide, ethambutol, and second-line antituberculosis drugs is uncertain. In an individual patient data meta-analysis of 8955 patients with confirmed multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, DST results for these drugs were associated with treatment outcomes
Published: 2017

14. Treatment Outcomes of Patients With Multidrug-Resistant and Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis According to Drug Susceptibility Testing to First- and Second-line Drugs

Author: Bastos, Mayara L., Hussain, Hamidah, Weyer, Karin, Garcia-Garcia, Lourdes, Leimane, Vaira, Leung, Chi Chiu, Narita, Masahiro, Penã, Jose M., Ponce-de-Leon, Alfredo, Seung, Kwonjune J., Shean, Karen, Sifuentes-Osornio, José, Van der Walt, Martie, Van der Werf, Tjip S., Yew, Wing Wai, Menzies, Dick, Ahuja, S., Ashkin, D., Avendaño, M., Banerjee, R., Bauer, M., Becerra, M., Benedetti, A., Burgos, M., Centis, R., Chan, E.D., Chiang, C.Y., Cobelens, F., Cox, H., D'Ambrosio, L., de Lange, W.C.M., DeRiemer, K., Enarson, D., Falzon, D., Flanagan, K., Flood, J., Gandhi, N., Garcia-Garcia, L., Granich, R.M., Hollm-Delgado, M.G., Holtz, T.H., Hopewell, P., Iseman, M., Jarlsberg, L.G., Keshavjee, S., Kim, H.R., Koh, W.J., Lancaster, J., Lange, C., Leimane, V., Leung, C.C., Li, J., Menzies, D., Migliori, G.B., Mitnick, C.M., Narita, M., Nathanson, E., Odendaal, R., O'Riordan, P., Pai, M., Palmero, D., Park, S.K., Pasvol, G., Pena, J., Pérez-Guzmán, C., Ponce-de-Leon, A., Quelapio, M.I.D., Quy, H.T., Riekstina, V., Robert, J., Royce, S., Salim, M., Schaaf, H.S., Seung, K.J., Shah, L., Shean, K., Shim, T.S., Shin, S.S., Shiraishi, Y., Sifuentes-Osornio, J., Sotgiu, G., Strand, M.J., Sung, S.W., Tabarsi, P., Tupasi, T.E., Vargas, M.H., van Altena, R., van der Walt, M., van der Werf, T.S., Viiklepp, P., Westenhouse, J., Yew, W.W., Yim, J.J., and Microbes in Health and Disease (MHD)
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), Drug, Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Tuberculosis, media_common.quotation_subject, Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS, CITY, CALIFORNIA, Antitubercular Agents, drug susceptibility test, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, treatment outcomes, Pharmacology, THERAPY, Young Adult, Pharmacotherapy, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant, medicine, Odds Ratio, STANDARDIZED REGIMENS, MANAGEMENT, PROGRAM, Humans, COHORT, Articles and Commentaries, Ethambutol, media_common, business.industry, multidrug resistant, Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis, Odds ratio, Pyrazinamide, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Multiple drug resistance, meta-analysis, Infectious Diseases, Treatment Outcome, tuberculosis, Female, business, FOLLOW-UP, medicine.drug
Abstract: Background. Individualized treatment for multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis depends upon reliable and valid drug susceptibility testing (DST) for pyrazinamide, ethambutol, and second-line tuberculosis drugs. However, the reliability of these tests is uncertain, due to unresolved methodological issues. We estimated the association of DST results for pyrazinamide, ethambutol, and second-line drugs with treatment outcomes in patients with MDR tuberculosis and XDR tuberculosis.Methods. We conducted an analysis of individual patient data assembled from 31 previously published cohort studies of patients with MDR and XDR tuberculosis. We used data on patients' clinical characteristics including DST results, treatment received, outcomes, and laboratory methods in each center.Results. DST methods and treatment regimens used in different centers varied considerably. Among 8955 analyzed patients, in vitro susceptibility to individual drugs was consistently and significantly associated with higher odds of treatment success (compared with resistance to the drug), if that drug was used in the treatment regimen. Various adjusted and sensitivity analyses suggest that this was not explained by confounding. The adjusted odds of treatment success for ethambutol, pyrazinamide, and the group 4 drugs ranged from 1.7 to 2.3, whereas for second-line injectables and fluoroquinolones, odds ranged from 2.4 to 4.6.Conclusions. DST for ethambutol, pyrazinamide, and second-line tuberculosis drugs appears to provide clinically useful information to guide selection of treatment regimens for MDR and XDR tuberculosis.
Published: 2014

15. Missed opportunities for accessing HIV care among Tshwane tuberculosis patients under different models of care

Author: Theresa M. Rossouw, Louwagie G, van der Walt M, Girdler-Brown B, Odendaal R, and Johnson S
Subjects: Adult, Male, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Tuberculosis, Referral, Art initiation, Antitubercular Agents, Alternative medicine, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Developing country, HIV Infections, medicine.disease_cause, Risk Assessment, Health Services Accessibility, South Africa, Risk Factors, medicine, Antiretroviral treatment, Humans, Registries, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary, Retrospective Studies, Chi-Square Distribution, Coinfection, Delivery of Health Care, Integrated, business.industry, medicine.disease, Logistic Models, Treatment Outcome, Infectious Diseases, Anti-Retroviral Agents, Models, Organizational, Family medicine, Multivariate Analysis, Female, Medical Record Linkage, business, Cohort study
Abstract: To compare access to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) care for tuberculosis (TB) patients in settings with antiretroviral treatment (ART) and TB care under one roof ('semi-integrated sites') and in settings with geographically separately rendered care in Tshwane, South Africa.Historical cohort study of patients registered with TB at 46 TB treatment points, with follow-up until the end of anti-tuberculosis treatment. ART initiation for HIV-positive TB patients was established through linkage of TB register patient identifiers to the electronic ART register. Data analysis entailed univariate and multivariate competing risk analysis.The records of 636 and 1297 patients for semi-integrated and separate facilities, respectively, were reviewed. Cotrimoxazole prophylactic therapy and recording of CD4 count were lower in semi-integrated than in separate facilities, but the reverse was true for referral to HIV-related care. A higher percentage of patients started ART in the semi-integrated than in the separate facilities (70.5% vs. 44.6%, P0.001). In competing risk analysis (with death and lost to follow-up as competing risks), attending a semi-integrated facility (sub-hazard ratio [SHR] 2.49, 95%CI 1.06-5.88) and TB case load401 (SHR 1.45, 95%CI 1.04-2.03) were associated with increased ART initiation.ART and TB treatment under one roof appears to facilitate ART initiation for HIV-positive TB patients.
Published: 2012
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16. The effectiveness of a tooth brushing programme for children in the Ehlanzeni district of Mpumalanga

Author: van der Walt, M, primary, van Wyk, PJ, additional, Bester, JK, additional, and Becker, PJ, additional
Published: 2018
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17. Draft Genome Sequences of Two Extensively Drug-Resistant Strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Belonging to the Euro-American S Lineage

Author: Malinga, L.A. (author), Abeel, T. (author), Desjardins, C.A. (author), Dlamini, T.C. (author), Cassell, G. (author), Chapman, S.B. (author), Birren, B.W. (author), Earl, A.M. (author), Van der Walt, M. (author), Malinga, L.A. (author), Abeel, T. (author), Desjardins, C.A. (author), Dlamini, T.C. (author), Cassell, G. (author), Chapman, S.B. (author), Birren, B.W. (author), Earl, A.M. (author), and Van der Walt, M. (author)
Abstract: We report the whole-genome sequencing of two extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis strains belonging to the Euro-American S lineage. The RSA 114 strain showed single-nucleotide polymorphisms predicted to have drug efflux activity., Intelligent Systems, Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science
Published: 2016
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18. Investigation of isoniazid and ethionamide cross-resistance by whole genome sequencing and association with poor treatment outcomes of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients in South Africa

Author: Malinga, L., primary, Brand, J., additional, Jansen van Rensburg, C., additional, Cassell, G., additional, and van der Walt, M., additional
Published: 2016
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19. The performance of centrifugal pumps when pumping ultra-viscous paste slurries

Author: Crawford, J., van Sittert, F., and van der Walt, M.
Subjects: viscous slurry, centrifugal pumps, pumping efficiency
Abstract: Significant advances have been made in the design of centrifugal slurry pumps that are used for pumping high-density viscous and paste slurries. This paper presents the results of a series of centrifugal pump performance tests that were conducted using an FLSmidth 6 x 4 Krebs millMAX centrifugal pump. The pump was fitted with a dry mechanical seal to prevent dilution of the slurry from gland service water, as the rheology of the slurry is sensitive to small changes in slurry density. Tests were done using paste kaolin slurry with Bingham yield stress values between 578-1 120 Pa and plastic viscosities between 728 and 1 491 mPa.s. The viscous properties of the paste during each pump test were measured using a rotational viscometer. Pump head and efficiency de-rating were measured and compared to the correlations of Walker and Goulas (1984). The test data shows the pump's best-efficiency point (BEP) changes and shifts to the left of the performance curve. The pump efficiency decreases as the slurry yield stress increases. The head de-rating data shows more head de-rating at the low flow rates compared to the high flow rates for the high viscosity slurry, which is in line with the findings of Walker and Goulas (1984). This paper demonstrates that it is possible to pump very viscous, high yield stress slurries with limited head and efficiency de-rating using centrifugal pumps, provided that positive suction conditions are maintained at all times.
Published: 2012

20. Epidemiology of drug-resistant tuberculosis among children and adolescents in South Africa, 2005–2010

Author: Moore, B. K., primary, Anyalechi, E., additional, van der Walt, M., additional, Smith, S., additional, Erasmus, L., additional, Lancaster, J., additional, Morris, S., additional, Ndjeka, N., additional, Ershova, J., additional, Ismail, N., additional, Burton, D., additional, and Menzies, H., additional
Published: 2015
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21. Integration of TB-HIV services at an ANC facility in Frances Baard District, Northern Cape, South Africa

Author: Peters, J. A., primary, Heunis, C., additional, Kigozi, G., additional, Osoba, T., additional, and van der Walt, M., additional
Published: 2015
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22. Determinants of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in South Africa: results from a national survey

Author: Weyer, K, Brand, J, Lancaster, J, Levin, J, and van der Walt, M
Abstract: No Avstract.
Published: 2010

23. Rapid impact of effective treatment on transmission of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis

Author: Dharmadhikari, A. S., primary, Mphahlele, M., additional, Venter, K., additional, Stoltz, A., additional, Mathebula, R., additional, Masotla, T., additional, van der Walt, M., additional, Pagano, M., additional, Jensen, P., additional, and Nardell, E., additional
Published: 2014
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24. The Establishment of Vegetable and Fruit Markets and Nurseries: A Case Study in the Waterberg District, Limpopo Province, South Africa

Author: Maponya, P., primary, Modise, D., additional, Van Heerden, E., additional, Mahlangu, S., additional, Baloyi, N., additional, Maluleke, A., additional, Chauke, D., additional, Mkhari, R., additional, Carstens, J., additional, Van Der Walt, M., additional, Sole, L., additional, Duba, M., additional, Malebana, J., additional, and Mphahlele, M., additional
Published: 2014
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25. Snuffelgidse op die Web: die gebruik van klassifikasie vir dieorganisering van inligtingsbronne op die Internet

Author: Van der Walt, M. S., primary
Published: 2014
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26. Health care workers' fears associated with working in multidrug- and or extensively-resistant tuberculosis wards in South Africa

Author: Tudor, C., primary, Mphahlele, M., additional, Van der Walt, M., additional, and Farley, J. E., additional
Published: 2013
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27. Occupational health policies and practices related to tuberculosis in health care workers in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Author: Tudor, C., primary, Van der Walt, M., additional, Hill, M. N., additional, and Farley, J. E., additional
Published: 2013
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28. External quality assurance of drug susceptibility testing in the southern African development community [Correspondence]

Author: Mativandlela, S. P. N., primary, Brand, J., additional, Matlhola, N., additional, Sewpersadh, M., additional, Olorunju, S. A. S., additional, and van der Walt, M. L., additional
Published: 2013
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29. EFFECT OF PRENATAL STIMULATION PROGRAMMES FOR ENHANCING POSTNATAL BONDING IN PRIMIGRAVIDA MOTHERS FROM THE WESTERN CAPE.

Author: van der Walt, M. M., Lubbe, W., Coetzee, H., and Moss, S. J.
Subjects: EXPERIMENTAL design, MOTHER-infant relationship, PARENT-infant relationships, THIRD trimester of pregnancy, PREGNANT women, PRENATAL care, PUERPERIUM, STATISTICAL sampling, RANDOMIZED controlled trials, HUMAN services programs, PRE-tests & post-tests
Abstract: Prenatal stimulation programmes enhance bonding that serves as a protective factor after birth. The Baby Bond stimulation programme is a sensory focused prenatal stimulation programme implemented during the third trimester of pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of this programme during pregnancy on bonding six weeks after birth. This study employed an experimental, pre-test post- test randomised controlled intervention design. All twelve participants (until saturation was reached) from the Helderberg area, Western Cape, South Africa, completed the Prenatal Attachment Inventory (PAI) as pre-test and received standard prenatal care. The experimental group received The Baby Bond sensory focussed stimulation programme and the control group a non-specific bonding stimulation programme. At six weeks postnatally all mothers completed the Maternal Attachment Inventory (MAI) as post-test. Baseline characteristics were determined with descriptive statistics and the changes observed by means of the Mann Whitney test. Effect size was calculated for practical significance. The average maternal age at pre-testing was 27 years and 31.8 weeks of gestation. The total difference in the pre-test (PAI) of the experimental (66.45 ± 7.04) and control group (66.36 ± 10.03) was not significant (p = 1). The mean difference for the post-test (MAI) for the experimental group (101.03 ± 3.62) was also not significantly different to the control group (94.85 ± 11.87; p = 0.53). However, a medium practical significant difference (d = 0.52) was identified between the experimental and control groups. The data indicated that a sensory focused stimulation programme, such as The Baby Bond, seemed to enhance the bonding process experienced by mothers, suggesting that larger sample sizes should be investigated in future. Expanded inclusion criteria should, however, be considered, including wider age ranges and multi-parity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2016
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30. Missed opportunities for accessing HIV care among Tshwane tuberculosis patients under different models of care

Author: Louwagie, G., primary, Girdler-Brown, B., additional, Odendaal, R., additional, Rossouw, T., additional, Johnson, S., additional, and Van der Walt, M., additional
Published: 2012
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31. Introducing SHIP® as a Psychotherapeutic Model to Access the Body Memory of Traumatised Clients: Depathologising Expressions of Trauma

Author: Steenkamp, J.O., primary, van der Walt, M. Jaco, additional, Schoeman-Steenkamp, Elna M., additional, and Strydom, Irene, additional
Published: 2012
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32. A national infection control evaluation of drug-resistant tuberculosis hospitals in South Africa

Author: Farley, J. E., primary, Tudor, C., additional, Mphahlele, M., additional, Franz, K., additional, Perrin, N. A., additional, Dorman, S., additional, and Van der Walt, M., additional
Published: 2012
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33. Metacognition in the Learning of Mathematics in the Senior Phase: Some Implications for the Curriculum

Author: van der Walt, M. S., primary, Maree, J. G., additional, and Ellis, S. M., additional
Published: 2008
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34. Critical reflections on H.G. Stoker's (1899-1993) approach towards the elaboration of a Christian philosophy.

Author: van der Walt, M. F. (Tinus)
Subjects: *CHRISTIAN philosophy, *REFORMED Church doctrines, *ORTHODOX Christianity, *ALLEGIANCE, *SCHOLARLY method
Abstract: In this article it is argued that the Calvinist philosopher, Hendrik Gerhardus Stoker (1899-1993), adopted a qualified theology-based approach for the elaboration of his Christian philosophy. Being shaped by the nature-super-nature theme, which itself is a method of synthesis, this approach lends itself towards establishing pseudo congruency. In Stoker's case, it is an attempt to reconcile his commitment to an integral Christian philosophy with his antecedent allegiance to reformed theology in its orthodox scholastic expression. Indeed, Stoker has gone further than his reformed predecessors in an effort to develop a Calvinist philosophy. But, instead of piecemeal adjustments, it is proposed that the theology-based approach should be rejected in its entirety if integral Christian scholarship is to flourish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2016
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35. An investigation regarding metacognition in the learning of mathematics in the senior phase

Author: Van der Walt, M. G., primary, Maree, J. G., additional, and Ellis, S. M., additional
Published: 2006
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36. STOCHASTIC APPROACH TO DIVIDEND EQUALIZATION FUND MODELLING AND SOLVENCY

Author: PETERSEN, M. A., primary, RAUBENHEIMER, H., additional, and VAN DER WALT, M., additional
Published: 2005
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37. An Exploration Of The Relationship Between Leadership Styles And The Implementation Of Transformation Interventions

Author: Naidu, J., primary and Van der Walt, M. S., additional
Published: 2005
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38. Systems Engineering Training in Engineering Education.

Author: Holm, J.E.W., van der Walt, M., and Stoker, P.W.
Published: 2010
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39. 16. Determination of a set of normal values for ERPF and total clearance in 99mTc mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3) renogram studies

Author: Mallinson, S., primary, du Toit, P. D., additional, Kemp, G., additional, van der Walt, M. E., additional, and Otto, A. C., additional
Published: 2002
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40. Sludge and washwater management strategies for the Vaalkop water treatment plant

Author: Haarhoff, J., primary, van Heerden, P., additional, and van der Walt, M., additional
Published: 2001
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41. The effect of action potential simulation therapy on blood flow

Author: Kruger, T., primary, Lamb, M., additional, Piek, E., additional, Van der Walt, M., additional, Van Schalkwyk, M., additional, and Welding, R., additional
Published: 2000
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42. Surgical face masks worn by patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: impact on infectivity of air on a hospital ward.

Author: Dharmadhikari AS, Mphahlele M, Stoltz A, Venter K, Mathebula R, Masotla T, Lubbe W, Pagano M, First M, Jensen PA, van der Walt M, Nardell EA, Dharmadhikari, Ashwin S, Mphahlele, Matsie, Stoltz, Anton, Venter, Kobus, Mathebula, Rirhandzu, Masotla, Thabiso, Lubbe, Willem, and Pagano, Marcello
Abstract: Rationale: Drug-resistant tuberculosis transmission in hospitals threatens staff and patient health. Surgical face masks used by patients with tuberculosis (TB) are believed to reduce transmission but have not been rigorously tested.Objectives: We sought to quantify the efficacy of surgical face masks when worn by patients with multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB).Methods: Over 3 months, 17 patients with pulmonary MDR-TB occupied an MDR-TB ward in South Africa and wore face masks on alternate days. Ward air was exhausted to two identical chambers, each housing 90 pathogen-free guinea pigs that breathed ward air either when patients wore surgical face masks (intervention group) or when patients did not wear masks (control group). Efficacy was based on differences in guinea pig infections in each chamber.Measurements and Main Results: Sixty-nine of 90 control guinea pigs (76.6%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 68-85%) became infected, compared with 36 of 90 intervention guinea pigs (40%; 95% CI, 31-51%), representing a 56% (95% CI, 33-70.5%) decreased risk of TB transmission when patients used masks.Conclusions: Surgical face masks on patients with MDR-TB significantly reduced transmission and offer an adjunct measure for reducing TB transmission from infectious patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2012
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43. Studieoriëntasie en basiese woordeskat in wiskunde in die laerskool.

Author: VAN DER WALT, M. S.
Subjects: *MATHEMATICS education (Primary), *SCHOOL orientation, *STUDY skills, *VOCABULARY, *MATHEMATICS terminology, *ACADEMIC achievement, *PRIMARY education
Abstract: Whatever the reason, underachievement in mathematics in South Africa is endemic and tantamount to a national disaster. Despite the transformation of education in South Africa, failure rates in mathematics at school and university remain unacceptably high, and the number of learners who leave Grade 12 with a pass mark in both mathematics and physical science is unacceptably low. Relatively little has been written about inadequate performance of Grade 4 to 7 learners in mathematics in South Africa, and even less about possible solutions to the problem. South African primary school learners' lack of basic mathematics and vocabulary skills in particular is a source of major concern. In the first national systemic evaluation of learners' skills in English, mathematics and science in 2001 Grade 3 learners achieved an average of 30% in mathematics. In the follow-up studies, Grade 6 learners achieved a national average of 27% in mathematices, in 2004, while nationally eighty percent of Grade 3 and 6 learners achieved less than 50 percent for mathematics and Languages in 2008. The finding that so many primary school learners today are not numerate or literate has a direct influence both on the teaching and the learning of mathematics. Everything possible needs to be done to change this situation. During the past 15 years, the research focus in mathematics has shifted to an examination of the influence of social, cognitive and metacognitive, conative and affective factors on achievement in mathematics. In this regard, it is of particular importance that an ongoing investigation into "other" aspects that impact on achievement in mathematics is launched, rather than to restrict the investigation to mere assessment of objectives that are aimed at continually evaluating cognitive progress in mathematics. There is sufficient empirical evidence that an adequate orientation to the study of mathematics correlates positively with high achievement in mathematics on secondary and tertiary levels. The aim of this research was to investigate the extent to which the performance in study orientation (Study Orientation questionnaire in Mathematics (Primary)) and knowledge of basic vocabulary/terminology in mathematics (Mathematics Vocabulary (Primary)) (vocabulary as one aspect of language in Mathematics) of Grade 4 to 7 learners predict performance in mathematics (Basic Mathematics (Primary)). Three standardised questionnaires were administered, namely the Study Orientation questionnaire in Mathematics (Primary), or SOM(P), Mathematics Vocabulary (Primary) or (MV(P), and Basic Mathematics (Primary) or BM(P). The participants consisted of learners in Grade 4 to 7 (n = 1 103) in North-West Province with respectively Afrikaans, English and Tswana as their home language. Results from the data, by calculating intercorrelations and stepwise regression, confirmed that learners' performance in mathematics (BM(P)) can be predicted through their performance in the knowledge of basic vocabulary in mathematics (MV(P)), their "maths" anxiety, study attitude towards and study habits in mathematics (SOM(P)). The results can be implemented to improve learners' performance in mathematics when teachers identify inadequate knowledge of basic vocabulary in mathematics as well as study orientation (for example, "maths" anxiety, study attitude towards and study habits in mathematics) in the early years of schooling. Learners' scores can be checked to identify those requiring aid, support, remediation and/or counselling. An analysis of individual answers (particularly those where learner's replies differ significantly in respect of the answers usually given by good achievers in mathematics) could be extremely useful. Enculturing learners to the vocabulary of mathematical language is an aspect of instruction that needs specific attention.… [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2009

44. The role of music therapy in the treatment of a girl with Pervasive Refusal Syndrome: exploring approaches to empowerment.

Author: van der Walt M and Baron A
Abstract: Pervasive Refusal Syndrome (PRS) is a life threatening psychiatric disorder which is characterized by a refusal to eat, drink, talk, walk or maintain any level of self-care. In this article it is suggested that music therapy may provide a unique role that is supportive, validating and empowering for patients with PRS. The rare condition of PRS predominantly affects girls between 8-16 years of age who, if managed well, are expected to recover completely (Lask, 2004). Literature has linked PRS to the theory of learned helplessness and as such, has highlighted the need for patients to control the pace of recovery (Nunn & Thompson, 1996). The value of music therapy interventions to provide opportunities for choice and control, and thus empowerment, is well documented. Similarly music therapy theory and practice supports the use of improvisation to provide affirmation, validation, and support. This article examines the role of music therapy in the treatment of an 11 year old girl with PRS in an acute medical setting. It explores how choice provision and improvisation may foster empowerment through the promotion of opportunities for control, validation, and affirmation. Clinical vignettes illustrate how these interventions may establish a therapeutic relationship, provide acknowledgement, containment, and offer a nonverbal form of support for a patient with PRS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2006

45. Die immunologie van HIV

Author: Van der Walt, M., primary
Published: 1990
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46. Die prikkelpopstereotipe in tydskrifadvertensies: 'n empiriese ondersoek onder tienderjariges.

Author: Basson, A.F., Breytenbach, H.J., and van der Walt, M.
Abstract: Over the years the role which women portray in magazine advertisements has gradually changed. Women were usually portrayed in the more traditional roles of housewife and mother. However, the emphasis shifted from this more traditional portrayal of women to that of sex object. As a result of this a stereotype of woman as glamour-girl has emerged. In certain magazine advertisements there is not necessarily a connotation between the product advertised and the woman used as a model, while the verbal message usually has a sexual undertone. In this study the perception which black and white teenage girls have of this phenomenon, has been researched. Other variables included in this study are respondents' self-evaluation of how conservative/liberal they are as well as how religious/non-religious. The results indicate that the different racial groups have different perceptions of the use of women as sex symbols in magazine advertisements. Black teenagers, as well as the respondents who perceived themselves as less religious and more liberal, were more positively orientated towards the use of women as sex objects in magazine advertisements. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
Published: 1988
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47. Necrotizing fasciitis in a postmastectomy wound.

Author: Velchuru VR, Van Der Walt M, and Sturzaker HG
Published: 2006
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48. Optimal production areas of underutilized indigenous crops and their role under climate change: focus on Bambara groundnut

Author: Nhamo, L., Paterson, G., van der Walt, M., Moeletsi, M., Modi, A., Kunz, R., Chimonyo, Vimbayi Grace Petrova, Masupha, T., Mpandeli, S., Liphadzi, S., Molwantwa, J., Mabhaudhi, Tafadzwanashe, Nhamo, L., Paterson, G., van der Walt, M., Moeletsi, M., Modi, A., Kunz, R., Chimonyo, Vimbayi Grace Petrova, Masupha, T., Mpandeli, S., Liphadzi, S., Molwantwa, J., and Mabhaudhi, Tafadzwanashe

49. Treatment Outcomes of Patients With Multidrug-Resistant and Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis According to Drug Susceptibility Testing to First- and Second-line Drugs: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis

Author: Bastos, Mayara L., Hussain, Hamidah, Weyer, Karin, Garcia-Garcia, Lourdes, Leimane, Vaira, Leung, Chi Chiu, Narita, Masahiro, Penã, Jose M., Ponce-de-Leon, Alfredo, Seung, Kwonjune J., Shean, Karen, Sifuentes-Osornio, José, Van der Walt, Martie, Van der Werf, Tjip S., Yew, Wing Wai, Menzies, Dick, Ahuja, S., Ashkin, D., Avendaño, M., Banerjee, R., Bauer, M., Becerra, M., Benedetti, A., Burgos, M., Centis, R., Chan, E.D., Chiang, C.Y., Cobelens, F., Cox, H., D'Ambrosio, L., de Lange, W.C.M., DeRiemer, K., Enarson, D., Falzon, D., Flanagan, K., Flood, J., Gandhi, N., Garcia-Garcia, L., Granich, R.M., Hollm-Delgado, M.G., Holtz, T.H., Hopewell, P., Iseman, M., Jarlsberg, L.G., Keshavjee, S., Kim, H.R., Koh, W.J., Lancaster, J., Lange, C., Leimane, V., Leung, C.C., Li, J., Menzies, D., Migliori, G.B., Mitnick, C.M., Narita, M., Nathanson, E., Odendaal, R., O'Riordan, P., Pai, M., Palmero, D., Park, S.K., Pasvol, G., Pena, J., Pérez-Guzmán, C., Ponce-de-Leon, A., Quelapio, M.I.D., Quy, H.T., Riekstina, V., Robert, J., Royce, S., Salim, M., Schaaf, H.S., Seung, K.J., Shah, L., Shean, K., Shim, T.S., Shin, S.S., Shiraishi, Y., Sifuentes-Osornio, J., Sotgiu, G., Strand, M.J., Sung, S.W., Tabarsi, P., Tupasi, T.E., Vargas, M.H., van Altena, R., van der Walt, M., van der Werf, T.S., Viiklepp, P., Westenhouse, J., Yew, W.W., Yim, J.J., Bastos, Mayara L., Hussain, Hamidah, Weyer, Karin, Garcia-Garcia, Lourdes, Leimane, Vaira, Leung, Chi Chiu, Narita, Masahiro, Penã, Jose M., Ponce-de-Leon, Alfredo, Seung, Kwonjune J., Shean, Karen, Sifuentes-Osornio, José, Van der Walt, Martie, Van der Werf, Tjip S., Yew, Wing Wai, Menzies, Dick, Ahuja, S., Ashkin, D., Avendaño, M., Banerjee, R., Bauer, M., Becerra, M., Benedetti, A., Burgos, M., Centis, R., Chan, E.D., Chiang, C.Y., Cobelens, F., Cox, H., D'Ambrosio, L., de Lange, W.C.M., DeRiemer, K., Enarson, D., Falzon, D., Flanagan, K., Flood, J., Gandhi, N., Garcia-Garcia, L., Granich, R.M., Hollm-Delgado, M.G., Holtz, T.H., Hopewell, P., Iseman, M., Jarlsberg, L.G., Keshavjee, S., Kim, H.R., Koh, W.J., Lancaster, J., Lange, C., Leimane, V., Leung, C.C., Li, J., Menzies, D., Migliori, G.B., Mitnick, C.M., Narita, M., Nathanson, E., Odendaal, R., O'Riordan, P., Pai, M., Palmero, D., Park, S.K., Pasvol, G., Pena, J., Pérez-Guzmán, C., Ponce-de-Leon, A., Quelapio, M.I.D., Quy, H.T., Riekstina, V., Robert, J., Royce, S., Salim, M., Schaaf, H.S., Seung, K.J., Shah, L., Shean, K., Shim, T.S., Shin, S.S., Shiraishi, Y., Sifuentes-Osornio, J., Sotgiu, G., Strand, M.J., Sung, S.W., Tabarsi, P., Tupasi, T.E., Vargas, M.H., van Altena, R., van der Walt, M., van der Werf, T.S., Viiklepp, P., Westenhouse, J., Yew, W.W., and Yim, J.J.
Abstract: The clinical validity of drug susceptibility testing (DST) for pyrazinamide, ethambutol, and second-line antituberculosis drugs is uncertain. In an individual patient data meta-analysis of 8955 patients with confirmed multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, DST results for these drugs were associated with treatment outcomes

50. Success of an integrated tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS project in 2009 in Uthukela District, KwaZulu-Natal.

Author: Mahomed, S., Hoist, M., Uys, M., van der Walt, M., and Knight, S. E.
Published: 2011

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