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Purpose: To linguistically and cross-culturally translate the Anterior Knee Pain Scale into French and to evaluate the reliability and validity of this translated version of the questionnaire. Methods: The translation part was performed in six stages, according to international guidelines: (i) two initial translations from English to French; (ii) synthesis of the two translations; (iii) backward translations into the original language; (iv) expert committee to compare the backward translations with the original questionnaire; (v) pre-final version testing and (VI) expert committee appraisal. To validate the French version of the Anterior Knee Pain Scale, we assessed its validity, reliability and floor/ceiling effects. To do this, volunteer patients from the French part of Belgium and from France, with patellofemoral pain were asked to answer the French version of the Anterior Knee Pain Scale at baseline and after 7 days, as well as the generic SF-36 questionnaire. Results: The Anterior Knee Pain Scale was translated without any major difficulties. A total of 101 subjects aged 34.5 ± 11.4 years (58.4% of women) were included in this study. Results indicated an excellent test-retest reliability (Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.97, 95%CI: 0.96–0.98), a high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.87), a consistent construct validity (high correlations with the SF-36 questionnaire were found with domains related to physical function (r = 0.80), physical role (r = 0.70) and pain (r = 0.64)) and low or moderate correlations with domains related to mental health (r = 0.26), vitality (r = 0.32) and social function (r = 0.41). Moreover, no floor/ceiling effects have been found. Conclusions: A valid French version of the Anterior Knee Pain Scale is now available and can be used with confidence to better assess the disease burden associated with patellofemoral pain. It was successfully cross-culturally adapted into French. The results on psychometric properties of the French Anterior Knee Pain Scale are comparable with six validated versions obtained for the Finnish, the Turkish, the Chinese, the Dutch, the Thai and the Persian populations. The French translated version of the Anterior Knee Pain Scale is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing the functional limitations associated with patellofemoral pain. The test–retest reliability of the French Anterior Knee Pain Scale was excellent, the internal consistency was high and the construct validity was consistent. There were no floor/ceiling effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents information on a study which investigated the use of electronic commerce (e-commerce) by small-to-medium enterprises (SME) in Victoria, Australia. The results of this study indicate that company size is a factor in determining the adoption of e-commerce by Australian manufacturing SMEs, with smaller firms being less likely to adopt e-commerce. This outcome could be related to small firms' lack of the human resources needed to manage web-related tasks. Similarly, the small number of firms that have engaged in e-commerce might suggest that manufacturers perceive a lack of an online market for their products. The hesitation of SMEs to adopt e-commerce also would affect the establishment of partnership programs, where business functions such as procurement among firms within the industry are slow to be created. This is consistent with a report produced by the Australian Department of Communications Information Technology and the Arts that found that business size, business culture and leadership, experience with technology, and access to relevant skills were the main influences on e-commerce adoption.

Background: To evaluate the burden of overuse injuries, the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre (OSTRC) questionnaire on health problems (OSTRC-H2) was developed in English in 2013., Purpose: To translate and culturally adapt the OSTRC-H2 into French and investigate the reliability and validity of this new version., Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 3., Methods: The OSTRC-H2 was translated from English to French according to international guidelines. A total of 80 elite athletes were then invited to complete the OSTRC-H2 weekly for 3 months. Potential ceiling effects, construct validity, and reliability were investigated. Convergent validity was measured using Pearson correlations for continuous items and kappa coefficients for binary items; internal consistency was measured using the Cronbach alpha coefficient; and test-retest reliability was measured using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Separate analyses were performed on the entire cohort of athletes (population 1 [P1]) and on athletes who reported a health problem during the follow-up (P2)., Results: A total of 80 elite athletes took part in this study. The response rate was very high, with 909 of 960 questionnaires returned (95%). The mean weekly prevalence of health problems was 19.6% during the follow-up period. Nineteen participants reported a health problem during the follow-up (P2). The OSTRC-H2 showed very good test-retest reliability for both populations (ICC, 0.85 [95% CI, 0.77-0.90] for P1; ICC, 0.90 [95% CI, 0.68-0.98] for P2). Internal consistency was very good for P2 (Cronbach α = .94). The OSTRC-H2 demonstrated high concordance with the visual analog scale of symptom intensity ( r = 0.52; P < .05), and low concordance with the overtraining questions from the Questionnaire de la Société Française de Médecine du Sport (κ from -0.01 to 0.12; P > .05)., Conclusion: The French version of the OSTRC-H2 was found to be valid and reliable when applied to French-speaking elite athletes., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that there are no conflicts of interest in the authorship and publication of this contribution. AOSSM checks author disclosures against the Open Payments Database (OPD). AOSSM has not conducted an independent investigation on the OPD and disclaims any liability or responsibility relating thereto. The present study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Liège (ref 2020/390)., (© The Author(s) 2023.)

Purpose: To translate and validate the Identification of Functional Ankle Instability (IdFAI) into French., Methods: The IdFAI was translated according to international recommendations. Discriminative power, floor and ceiling effects, construct validity (including confirmatory factorial analysis (CFA)), internal consistency and test-retest reliability were measured. Standard Error of Measurement (SEM) and Smallest Detectable Change (SDC) were also calculated., Results: 160 participants were included. The IdFAI-F showed a very good test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.95). The SEM was 1.37 and the MDC was 3.79. The internal consistency was moderate (Cronbach's alpha coefficient = 0.68). The correlation between the IdFAI and the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT) was high (r = -0.75, p < 0.001). No floor, nor ceiling effects were observed. The CFA analyses did not confirm the factor structure proposed by the authors of the original English version., Conclusions: The IdFAI-F is a valid and reliable tool to accurately identify and measure chronic ankle instability in research and clinical settings for French-speaking individuals., (Copyright © 2022 European Foot and Ankle Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Purpose Both personal and work-related factors affect return to work (RTW) after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA). Little is known about work-related factors associated with the recovery process. This study aimed to determine which work-related factors are associated with time to RTW for both TKA and THA patients. Methods A prospective multicenter survey study was conducted that included patients aged 18-63, had a paid job and were scheduled to undergo primary TKA/THA. Surveys were completed preoperatively, 6 weeks, and 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively, and included four domains of work-related factors: work characteristics, physical working conditions, psychosocial working conditions and work adjustments. Control variables included age, sex, education, and comorbidity. Time to RTW was defined as days from surgery until RTW. Multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted separately for TKA/THA patients. Results Enrolled were 246 patients (n = 146 TKA, n = 100 THA, median age 56 years, 57% female). Median time to RTW was 79 days (IQR 52.0-146.0). Mainly physical tasks (TKA: B 58.2, 95%CI 9.5-106.8; THA: B 52.1, 95%CI 14.1-90.2) and a combination of physical and mental tasks (TKA: B 50.2, 95%CI 6.4-94.0; THA B 54.0, 95%CI 24.2-83.7) were associated with longer time to RTW after both TKA and THA. More possibilities for personal job development (B - 12.8, 95%CI - 25.3-0.4) and more work recognition (B - 13.2, 95%CI - 25.5 to - 0.9) were significantly associated with shorter time to RTW after TKA. Higher quality of supervisor leadership (B - 14.1, 95%CI - 22.2 to - 6.0) was significantly associated with shorter time to RTW after THA. Conclusion The findings of this study stress the importance of psychosocial working conditions, besides type of job tasks, in RTW after TKA/THA. Further research on work-related factors is needed, as arthroplasty is being performed on an increasingly younger population of knee and hip OA patients for whom participating in work is of critical importance., (© 2021. The Author(s).)

Objectives: There is strong evidence that social support is an important determinant of return to work (RTW). Little is known about the role of social support in RTW after total hip or knee arthroplasty (THA/TKA). Objective was to examine the influence of preoperative and postoperative perceived social support on RTW status 6 months postoperatively., Design: A prospective multicentre cohort study was conducted., Setting: Orthopaedic departments of four Dutch medical centres; a tertiary university hospital, two large teaching hospitals and a general hospital., Participants: Patients planned to undergo THA/TKA, aged 18-63 and employed preoperatively were included., Main Outcome Measures: Questionnaires were filled out preoperatively and 3 and 6 months postoperatively and included questions to assess patients' perceived social support targeting three sources of social support: from home (friends, family), from work (coworkers, supervisors) and from healthcare (occupational physician, general practitioner, other caregivers). Control variables included age, gender, education, type of arthroplasty and comorbidities. RTW was defined as having fully returned to work 6 months postoperatively. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted., Results: Enrolled were 190 patients (n=77 THA, n=113 TKA, median age was 56 years, 56% women). The majority returned to work (64%). Preoperatively, social support from the occupational physician was associated with RTW (OR 2.53, 95% CI 1.15 to 5.54). Postoperatively, social support from the occupational physician (OR 3.04, 95% CI 1.43 to 6.47) and the supervisor (OR 2.56, 95% CI 1.08 to 6.06) was associated with RTW., Conclusions: This study underscores the importance of work-related social support originating from the occupational physician and supervisor in facilitating RTW after primary THA/TKA, both preoperatively and postoperatively. Further research is needed to confirm our results and to understand the facilitating role of social support in RTW, as arthroplasty is being performed on a younger population for whom work participation is critical., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Purpose: Total knee arthroplasty is increasingly performed on working-age individuals, but little is known about their recovery process. Therefore this study examined recovery courses of physical and mental impairments, activity limitations and participation restrictions among working-age total knee arthroplasty recipients. Associated sociodemographic and health-related factors were also evaluated., Materials and Methods: A prospective study among working total knee arthroplasty patients (aged <65 years) ( n  = 146). Surveys were completed preoperatively and 6 weeks and 3, 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively. Outcomes represented domains of the International Classification of Functioning, that is, physical impairments (pain, stiffness, vitality), mental impairments (mental health, depressive symptoms), activity limitations (physical functioning), and participation restrictions (social-, work functioning, working hours). Covariates included age, gender, education, home situation, body mass index, and comorbidity., Results: Largest improvements in physical and mental impairments and activity limitations were observed until 3 months postoperatively. Participation in social roles improved early after surgery, and improvements in work participation occurred from 6 to 12 months. Older age, being male and fewer comorbidities were associated with better recovery courses., Conclusion: Working-age total knee arthroplasty patients recover soon from physical and mental impairments, activity limitations, and participation in social roles, but participation at work occurs later. Younger patients, females, and those with musculoskeletal comorbidities appear at risk for suboptimal recovery after total knee arthroplasty.Implications for rehabilitationAn increasing number of working-age patients are asking for total knee arthroplasty and have high expectations of total knee arthroplasty, in particular, to participate in the workforce again;Recovery after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) does not occur in the short term and is not limited to clinical improvements for working-age TKA recipients only, as an important part of recovery, that is, participation occurs in the long term (>6 months);Closer collaboration between occupational physicians and orthopedic surgeons might result in increased and earlier ability to work full contractual hours;Rehabilitation after TKA should focus on patients with multiple comorbidities, whereby musculoskeletal diseases may even need additional preoperative treatment to optimize outcomes and prevent work disability.

Background: Developed in 2015, the Victorian Institute for Sport Assessment for Gluteal Tendinopathy (VISA-G) is the first patient-reported outcome measure tool specifically designed to measure the severity of disability associated with greater trochanteric pain syndrome. There is currently no French version of the VISA-G questionnaire., Objective: To translate the VISA-G questionnaire into French (VISA-GF) and to test its psychometric performances., Design: Cross-sectional study, validation study., Setting: Clinics in Liège, Belgium and in France., Patients: Participants with greater trochanteric pain syndrome and control asymptomatic participants., Interventions: Not applicable., Main Outcome Measures: French translation of the VISA-G and psychometric performances of the questionnaire tested using internal consistency, construct validity and test-retest reliability with a 7-day interval., Results: The eight items of the VISA-G questionnaire were translated without any difficulties. The psychometric validation study included 106 participants (median age 53 [58-64] years old, 65 women [61.3%]). The questionnaire discriminates well between pathologic (n = 52) and asymptomatic participants (n = 54). Moreover, we found a good internal consistency and excellent test-retest reliability for the VISA-GF questionnaire. We also confirmed the construct validity and did not find any floor or ceiling effects., Conclusions: The VISA-GF has been shown to be a valid and reliable way to measure the severity of disability associated with greater trochanteric pain syndrome in French-speaking participants., (© 2020 American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.)

Background: Functional ankle instability affects 20-40% of individuals who have already suffered from a sprain. Such dysfunctions are difficult to diagnose. Therefore, the information provided by self-administered questionnaires is essential. Thus, the Ankle Instability Instrument (AII) was developed and initially validated in English. Our goal is to create a French version of the instrument, named AII-F, by scrupulously respecting the cultural adaptation phases and to make sure the new instrument has good psychometric properties., Methods: International recommendations have been rigorously followed for the cultural adaptation and the French-translation phase. Six steps are recommended: I) two initial translations from English to French; II) synthesis of the two versions; III) back-translations from French to English; IV) comparisons between the back-translations and the original questionnaire by the expert committee; V) pretest; and VI) approval of the final French version of the AII. In order to validate this French-translation, 91 subjects suffering from ankle instability matched to 91 healthy subjects were asked to complete the AII-F. The Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) was used as a comparative questionnaire as well as the French Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT-F). The psychometric properties of the questionnaire were evaluated by determining the test-retest reliability after a 10-14-day interval, the internal consistency, construct validity, and the floor/ceiling effects., Results: The French-translation did not pose a problem and could be validated by the expert committee. The AII-F showed a very good test-retest reliability for the total score, with an Intra Class Coefficient of 0.983. The internal coherence is high with an alpha coefficient of Cronbach of 0.861. The association of the AII-F with the CAIT-F was high, for the summary of the physical component of the SF-36, meaning a great convergent validity. The other subscales of the SF-36 (mental health) were weakly correlated with the AII-F, reflecting good divergent validity. An optimal cut-off score was obtained to dissociate pathological patients from healthy subjects: when the subject responded to "yes" 5 times or more, he is considered, with a very high degree of confidence, to be pathological., Conclusion: The AII-F is reliable and valid for evaluating and measuring functional ankle instability., (Copyright © 2020 European Foot and Ankle Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Study design: This consisted of a translation and validation study. Background: Acute hamstring injury is a frequent muscle strain in sports that require high explosive strength, impulsion or running phases. Therefore, the Functional Assessment Scale for Hamstring Injury questionnaire was developed to assess pain, physical activity level and ability to perform various exercises in patients with hamstring injuries. The Functional Assessment Scale for Hamstring Injury questionnaire is currently available in English, German, and Greek. Objectives: The goal of this study was to provide a cross-culturally adapted French-translation of the FASH questionnaire and to assess its psychometric performance. Methods: The French-translation and cross-cultural adaptation process were based on international recommendations, following six rigorous steps: (a) two initial translations from English to French; (b) synthesis of the two translations; (c) back-translations; (d) comparisons between the back-translations and the original questionnaire by an expert committee; (e) pretest; and (f) approval of the final French version of the Functional Assessment Scale for Hamstring Injury questionnaire. To validate this French version, 116 subjects (17 pathological patients, 19 patients with other muscle injury, 40 athletes at risk, and 40 healthy control athletes) were recruited to complete the Functional Assessment Scale for Hamstring Injury questionnaire. The Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) was used as a comparative questionnaire. The psychometric properties of the questionnaire were evaluated by determining the test-retest reliability after a 48-60-h interval, internal consistency, construct validity, and floor/ceiling effects. Results: All of the items of the Functional Assessment Scale for Hamstring Injury questionnaire were translated without any major difficulties. The questionnaire showed excellent discriminative power by obtaining significantly different scores from the four groups ( p  = 0.01). Regarding psychometric performances, the test-retest reliability was excellent (IntraClass Coefficient Correlation of 0.997). Very high internal consistency was also observed (Cronbach's alpha of 0.969). Correlations with the physical health subscales of the SF-36 were significant and considered to be strong, indicating an excellent convergent validity. The other subscales of the SF-36 (mental health) were weakly correlated with the FASH, reflecting good divergent validity. No floor or ceiling effects were observed. Conclusion: The French-translation of the Functional Assessment Scale for Hamstring Injury questionnaire and its cross-cultural adaptation can be considered to be successful. Functional Assessment Scale for Hamstring Injury -French questionnaire is now a reliable and valid tool for patients suffering from acute hamstring injury, and its application in clinical practice is particularly relevant.Implications for rehabilitationThe FASH-F can be considered to be discriminant, reliable and valid for the evaluation of the severity of symptoms and sports ability in individuals with hamstring injuries.FASH-F is now a reliable and valid tool for French-speaking patients suffering from acute hamstring injury, and its application in clinical practice is particularly relevant.A limitation of our study could be that the distribution between the different study groups was not homogeneous implying that our findings may not be fully representative of the general population.

Objective : The "Exercise-Induced Leg Pain" questionnaire was developed (in German) for the evaluation of the severity of symptoms and sports ability in individuals with exercise-induced leg pain. The purpose of the present study was to translate and cross-culturally adapt this questionnaire into French and to study the reliability and validity of this French-language version. Methods : The translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the original "Exercise-Induced Leg Pain" was performed according to established guidelines. The translation part was carried out in six stages: (i) two initial translations from German to French; (ii) synthesis of the two translations; (iii) backward translations; (iv) comparison between the backward translations and the original questionnaire by an expert committee; (v) pretest; and (vi) approval of the final version of the French-language "Exercise-Induced Leg Pain" questionnaire. To validate this questionnaire, 84 subjects were recruited (28 pathological patients with a confirmed diagnosis of chronic leg pain, 28 asymptomatic sport students, and 28 healthy control athletes). The discriminative power of the questionnaire was tested, as well as its reliability (internal consistency and test-retest reliability after a 7-10-day interval), construct validity and floor/ceiling effects. Results: The French version of the "Exercise-Induced Leg Pain" questionnaire was generated without any major difficulties. The ability of the questionnaire to discriminate between the three groups of subjects was demonstrated with a total score of 61.0 ± 18.5 for the pathologic group; 93.9 ± 7.57 for the asymptomatic group and 94.1 ± 9.79 for the control group. A high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha of 0.93) and an excellent test-retest reliability [intraclass coefficient correlation: 0.98 (95% confidence interval: 0.97-0.99, p  < 0.001)] indicated that the "Exercise-Induced Leg Pain" is reliable. The questionnaire also demonstrated good construct validity against different subscales of the Short Form-36 questionnaire, a generic quality of life questionnaire, with more than 87% of the prespecified hypotheses confirmed. Finally, no floor effects or ceiling effects were observed. Conclusion: The French version of the « Exercise-Induced Leg Pain » was successfully translated and cross-culturally adapted. The questionnaire is consistent, valid and reliable for evaluating French-speaking patients with chronic exercise-induced leg pain.Implications for rehabilitationThe "Exercise-Induced Leg Pain" questionnaire aims to assess the severity of symptoms that impact the function and sports ability of patients with exercise-induced leg pain;The French version of the « Exercise-Induced Leg Pain » was successfully translated and cross-culturally adapted. The questionnaire is consistent, valid and reliable for evaluating French-speaking patients with chronic exercise-induced leg pain.

Purpose: It is important for patients of working age to resume work after total hip or knee arthroplasty (THA/TKA). A higher preoperative level of physical activity is presumed to lead to a better or faster recovery. Aim is to examine the association between preoperative physical activity (PA) level (total and leisure-time) and time to return-to-work (RTW)., Methods: A prospective multicenter survey study. Time to RTW was defined as the length of time (days) from surgery to RTW. PA level was assessed with the SQUASH questionnaire. Questionnaires were filled in before surgery and 6 weeks and 3, 6 and 12 months post-surgery. Multiple regression analyses were conducted separately for THA and TKA patients., Results: 243 patients were enrolled. Median age was 56 years; 58% had undergone a THA. Median time to RTW was 85 (THA) and 93 (TKA) days. In the multiple regression analysis, neither preoperative total PA level nor leisure-time PA level were significantly associated with time to RTW., Conclusions: Preoperative physical activity level is not associated with a shorter time to RTW in either THA or TKA patients. Neither preoperative total PA level nor leisure-time PA level showed an association with time to RTW, even after adjusting for covariates., Trial Registry: Dutch Trial Register: NTR3497., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Pain physiology education is an important component in the management of patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain. The Neurophysiology of Pain Questionnaire (NPQ) was developed in English to assess pain physiology knowledge in patients. This study aimed to translate the NPQ into French (NPQ-Fr) and to investigate the main psychometric properties of the NPQ-Fr. The translation was performed using the best practice translation guidelines. One hundred and one French-speaking patients with chronic non-specific spinal pain completed the NPQ-Fr to assess its acceptability and presence of floor/ceiling effects and test its dimensionality. The construct validity was tested by comparing the patients' NPQ-Fr scores to those of 17 physiotherapists and investigating its correlation with subscales of the Short Form-36 questionnaire. The reliability (i.e., internal consistency and test-retest reliability) was also investigated. To test the test-retest reliability, 70 patients were asked to complete the NPQ-Fr twice with one week in between. Regarding the NPQ-Fr psychometric properties: 1) acceptability was good; 2) internal consistency reached a Cronbach α-coefficient of 0.44; 3) no floor and ceiling effects were observed in patients; 4) a principal factor analysis generated three major factors; 5) construct validity was good; and 6) reliability was acceptable (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.644; standard error of measurement = 1.5). The NPQ-Fr has satisfactory basic psychometric properties in patients with chronic spinal pain.

Objective: Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) is performed more in working-age (<65 years) patients. Until now, research in this patient population has been conducted mainly among retired (≥65 years) patients. Aim of this study was therefore to describe demographic, physical, psychological and social characteristics of working TKA patients and to subsequently compare these characteristics with retired TKA patients and the general population., Methods: A cross-sectional analysis. Preoperative data of 152 working TKA patients was used. These data were compared with existing data of retired TKA patients in hospital registers and with normative values from literature on the general population. Demographic, physical, psychological and social (including work) characteristics were analyzed., Results: The majority (83.8%) of working TKA patients was overweight (42.6%) or obese (41.2%), a majority (72.4%) was dealing with two or more comorbidities, and most (90%) had few depressive symptoms. Mean physical activity level was 2950 minutes per week. Compared to the retired TKA population, working TKA patients perceived significantly more stiffness and better physical functioning and vitality, were more physically active, and perceived better mental health. Compared to the general population working TKA patients perceived worse physical functioning, worse physical health and better mental health, and worked fewer hours., Conclusion: This study shows that a majority of working TKA patients are overweight/obese, have multiple comorbidities, but are highly active in light-intensity activities and have few depressive symptoms. Working patients scored overall better on preoperative characteristics than retired patients, and except for physical activity scored overall worse than the general population.

Study Design: Translation and validation of algo-functional questionnaire., Introduction: The lateral elbow tendinopathy is a common injury in tennis players and physical workers. The Patient-Rated Tennis Elbow Evaluation (PRTEE) Questionnaire was specifically designed to measure pain and functional limitations in patients with lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow). First developed in English, this questionnaire has since been translated into several languages., Purpose of the Study: The aims of the study were to translate and cross-culturally adapt the PRTEE questionnaire into French and to evaluate the reliability and validity of this translated version of the questionnaire (PRTEE-F)., Methods: The PRTEE was translated and cross-culturally adapted into French according to international guidelines. To assess the reliability and validity of the PRTEE-F, 115 participants were asked twice to fill in the PRTEE-F, and once the Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire (DASH) and the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Internal consistency (using Cronbach's alpha), test-retest reliability (using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of measurement and minimal detectable change), and convergent and divergent validity (using the Spearman's correlation coefficients respectively with the DASH and with some subscales of the SF-36) were assessed., Results: The PRTEE was translated into French without any problems. PRTEE-F showed a good test-retest reliability for the overall score (ICC 0.86) and for each item (ICC 0.8-0.96) and a high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.98). The correlation analyses revealed high correlation coefficients between PRTEE-F and DASH (convergent validity) and, as expected, a low or moderate correlation with the divergent subscales of the SF-36 (discriminant validity). There was no floor or ceiling effect., Discussion and Conclusions: The PRTEE questionnaire was successfully cross-culturally adapted into French. The PRTEE-F is reliable and valid for evaluating French-speaking patients with lateral elbow tendinopathy., (Copyright © 2016 Hanley & Belfus. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background: The impact of sarcopenia on quality of life is currently assessed by generic tools. However, these tools may not detect subtle effects of this specific condition on quality of life., Objective: The aim of this study was to develop a sarcopenia-specific quality of life questionnaire (SarQoL, Sarcopenia Quality of Life) designed for community-dwelling elderly subjects aged 65 years and older., Settings: Participants were recruited in an outpatient clinic in Liège, Belgium., Subjects: Sarcopenic subjects aged 65 years or older., Methods: The study was articulated in the following four stages: (i) Item generation-based on literature review, sarcopenic subjects' opinion, experts' opinion, focus groups; (ii) Item reduction-based on sarcopenic subjects' and experts' preferences; (iii) Questionnaire generation-developed during an expert meeting; (iv) Pretest of the questionnaire-based on sarcopenic subjects' opinion., Results: The final version of the questionnaire consists of 55 items translated into 22 questions rated on a 4-point Likert scale. These items are organised into seven domains of dysfunction: Physical and mental health, Locomotion, Body composition, Functionality, Activities of daily living, Leisure activities and Fears. In view of the pretest, the SarQoL is easy to complete, independently, in ∼10 min., Conclusions: The first version of the SarQoL, a specific quality of life questionnaire for sarcopenic subjects, has been developed and has been shown to be comprehensible by the target population. Investigations are now required to test the psychometric properties (internal consistency, test-retest reliability, divergent and convergent validity, discriminant validity, floor and ceiling effects) of this questionnaire., (© The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Geriatrics Society.)

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is a major public health problem and the identification of individuals at risk of persistent LBP poses substantial challenges to clinical management. The STarT Back questionnaire is a validated nine-item patient self-report questionnaire that classifies patients with LBP at low, medium or high-risk of poor prognosis for persistent non-specific LBP. The objective of this study was to translate and cross-culturally adapt the English version of the STarT Back questionnaire into French., Methods: The translation was performed using best practice translation guidelines. The following phases were performed: contact with the STarT Back questionnaire developers, initial translations (English into French), synthesis, back translations, expert committee review, test of the pre-final version on 44 individuals with LBP, final version., Results: The linguistic translation required minor semantic alterations. The participants interviewed indicated that all items of the questionnaire were globally clear and comprehensible. However, 6 subjects (14%) wondered if two questions were related to back pain or general health. After discussion within the expert committee and with the developer of the STarT Back tool, it was decided to modify the questionnaire and to add a reference to back pain in these two questions., Conclusions: The French version of the STarT Back questionnaire has been shown to be comprehensible and adapted to the French speaking general population. Investigations are now required to test the psychometric properties (reliability, internal and external validity, responsiveness) of this translated version of the questionnaire.

Background: Elevated body weight is associated with hip osteoarthritis (OA) and subsequently with total hip arthroplasty (THA). Patients with hip OA who are overweight often mention their restricted mobility as a factor that thwarts their attempts to be physically active and lose weight. There is some evidence that THA increases physical activity, but none for losing body weight after THA., Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the short-term (1-year) and long-term (4.5-year) effects of a THA on body weight., Design: This was an observational, multicenter cohort study., Methods: For the short-term effect, all patients (N=618) were analyzed; for the long-term effect, a random subgroup (n=100) was analyzed. Preoperative and postoperative body weight and height were self-reported. Patients were categorized according to their preoperative body mass index (BMI <25 kg/m(2)=normal weight, 25-30 kg/m(2)=overweight, >30 kg/m(2)=obese). Clinical relevancy was set at a minimum of 5% weight loss compared with baseline., Results: The mean age of the study group was 70 years (SD=8), 74% were women, and mean preoperative body mass was 79 kg (SD=14). One year after THA, a significant decrease in body weight of 1% and 3.4% occurred for the overweight and obese BMI categories, respectively. After 4.5 years, a significant decrease in body weight of 6.4% occurred for the obese BMI category., Limitations: Height and weight-and thus BMI-were self-reported., Conclusion: Patients in the overweight and obese groups showed a decrease, albeit not clinically relevant, in body weight after 1 year. After 4.5 years, a decrease that was relevant clinically was observed in the patients who were obese. It can be concluded that no clinically relevant reduction of weight occurred after THA, except in the long term for patients who were obese.

Background: Overweight/obesity in patients after total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a growing problem and is associated with postoperative complications and a negative effect on functional outcome. The objective of this study is to determine to what extent overweight/obesity is associated with physical functioning and health-related quality of life 1 year after primary THA., Methods: A retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from 653 patients who had undergone a primary THA was conducted. Physical functioning, health-related quality of life, body mass index (BMI), comorbidity, and postoperative complications were assessed by means of a questionnaire and from medical records. To determine to what extent overweight/obesity is associated with physical functioning and health-related quality of life after THA, a structural equation model (SEM) analysis was conducted., Results: The association of BMI corrected for age, gender, complications, and comorbidity with physical functioning is -0.63. This means that an increase in 1 kg/m2 BMI leads to a reduction of 0.63 points in the physical functioning score as measured with the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (100-point scale). The prevalence of complications or comorbidity leads to a reduction of, respectively, 5.63 and 7.25 (one or two comorbidities) and 14.50 points in the case of more than two comorbidities on the physical functioning score. The same pattern is observed for health-related quality of life., Conclusions: The influence of overweight/obesity on physical functioning and health-related quality of life is low. The impact of complications and comorbidity is considerable. Refusing a patient a THA solely on the basis of overweight or obesity does not seem justified.

Background: Besides the important beneficial effects of regular physical activity on general health, some of the musculoskeletal effects of physical activity are of particular interest for older adults after total hip arthroplasty (THA). However, research on physical activity behavior of patients after THA is scarce., Objective: The purpose of this study was to gain insight into the physical activity behavior and fulfillment of guidelines for health-enhancing physical activity of patients 1 year after THA. Design This was a prospective multicenter cohort study., Methods: To determine level of physical activity, 653 participants (response rate=77%) completed the Short QUestionnaire to ASsess Health-enhancing physical activity (SQUASH). Comparisons were made between participants in 2 age groups (≤75 and >75 years). Determinants of physical activity behavior were assessed., Results: The participants were physically active a mean of 1,468 minutes per week. Most time was spent in household and leisure activities. Younger participants were physically more active than older participants. A lower body mass index was predictive of a higher level of physical activity. Participants adhered to the guidelines of health-enhancing physical activity in 67% of cases. The guidelines were met more often by younger participants, male participants, and those without problems in the lower extremities. Limitations A nonresponse analysis was not conducted; thus, there might have been a selection bias. Use of a self-administered recall questionnaire to assess physical activity behavior may have been subject to memory and recall skill limitations of the participants, and patients tend to overestimate their physical activity level., Conclusions: This study gives detailed insight into the physical activity of patients 1 year after primary THA. As among the general population, a considerable number of patients were found to be insufficiently physically active.

In studies of elderly individuals, ventilation and EEG-defined arousal have been shown to vary periodically and synchronously. Such results have been interpreted as indicating the primacy of sleep/wake state in causing ventilatory instability during sleep onset. However, because the elderly individuals studied were periodic breathers, the results do not unequivocally support this conclusion. In this study the relationship between ventilation and EEG-defined arousal was assessed in a group of 21 young, healthy men in whom ventilatory instability during sleep onset was not periodic. Ventilation and EEG (O1-A2) recordings were collected, and the longest uncontaminated periods from early and late in sleep onset were selected for subsequent analysis. The 84 time series (21 subjects, 2 variables, and 2 occasions in sleep onset) were subjected to spectral analysis to identify periodicity, and the relationship between the two variables was determined by cross-correlational methods. The results indicated that the time series were nonperiodic, yet significant correlations were observed between the two variables. The data support the view that during sleep onset ventilatory instability is driven primarily by variations in sleep/wake arousal level.