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Forty micro and small steel products manufacturing enterprises in Salem District of Tamil Nadu, South India faced problems in value addition of the steel products like windows, grill gates, truss work and panel boards manufactured by them. They formed M/s Salem Steel Cluster Pvt Ltd; Salem, a special purpose vehicle, in 2012 by getting funds from the Government of Tamil Nadu and the Government of India through the Tamil Nadu Small Industries Development Corporation under Micro Small Enterprises Cluster Development Programme of Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises, Government of India. The objective is to find the physical and financial performance of the Steel Product Fabrication Cluster (SPFC) before and after Cluster Development Approach (CDA) to find the productivity of the cluster by taking independent variables like number of units, employment and production and dependent variable like turnover, and to find the performance of SPFC before and after CDA. To find business analytics models like Diagnostic Analytics, Descriptive Analytics, Inferential Analytics, Predictive Analytics, Prescriptive Analytics and Decision Analytics. The methodology adopted is by collecting primary data like number of units, employment in numbers, production in crores and turnover in crores before and after CDA and analysing using Compound Annual Growth Rate, Descriptive Analysis, Correlation Analysis, Trend Analysis, Regression Analysis, Structural Equation Modelling and T-Test. There is a Difference in Difference between controlled units which have not adopted CDA and experimental units which have adopted CDA, where there is an increase in number of units, employment, profit and turnover. To conclude, there is an increase in number of units, employment, production and turnover after CDA when compared to before CDA, which leads to an increase in productivity thereby Sustainable Development Goals of 1, 4, 5, 8 and 9 are achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the challenges faced by the strawberry industry prior to the COVID-19 pandemic and its experiences during the pandemic, revisiting the strawberry industry is needed through a value chain approach. This study examined the strawberry value chain of the Philippines and recommends various interventions. The study proceeded in two major phases. The first phase mapped the strawberry value chain and determined the status, problems, and prospects for each node of the value chain: input, production, processing, and marketing. The second phase generated intervention models (blueprints) relating to product, market, resource, process and technology, and human capital development. Interviewed representatives of the potential implementing agencies found these intervention models, in the form of blueprints, workable and acceptable. Primary data were gathered through surveys and key informant interviews conducted online or via phone. Secondary data from journals and similar scholarly work supported the primary data gathered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As one of the largest industries, tourism receives substantial attention for planning and development. This attention can contribute to achieving Agenda 2030 and localising the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Over the last decades, sustainable tourism has been promoted as an economic and cultural activity that supports local communities. However, there has been limited research on evaluating sustainable tourism projects from a comprehensive perspective aligned with the SDGs. This paper introduces the sustainable tourism value chain analysis (STVCA), a tool to evaluate how sustainable tourism can contribute to advancing the SDGs at local levels. This study tested the STVCA on one Indigenous ecotourism venture in Mexico, considering economic, socio-cultural, and environmental components. Findings exposed that even though economic benefits were limited, the most significant benefits were non-economic, showing that sustainable tourism has contributed to the well-being of the community by empowering Indigenous people and, in doing so, advancing several SDGs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mainstream economics argues that value chains provide farmers better prices and incomes, thus aiding development. However, this study contradicts this consensus, revealing that the value chain generates the status of petty commodity producers for farmers. Furthermore, it demonstrates that the value chain keeps downstream actors, such as merchants, processors, wholesalers, and retailers, in a powerful position against farmers. The study delves into these phenomena by considering the historical relationship between the market, the commodification of agriculture, the state, the interconnection of markets, the value chain, and neoliberalism. This research focuses on the political economy of groundnut input–output markets in Turkey through value chain analysis. Based on thorough primary field research, the paper demonstrates that the functioning of the value chain strengthens the position of downstream actors against farmers. Additionally, it shows that the value chain creates interlinking between farmers and merchants and makes small farmers the most disadvantaged actor. Moreover, the study highlights that groundnut production costs have risen at a higher rate than incomes under neoliberal policies. Finally, the article demonstrates that mechanization in groundnut farming, while increasing productivity by meeting the chain demands, fails to significantly improve farmers' incomes and profits due to the impact of neoliberal policies on other input costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] Indium resources are an important supporting raw material for the development of China’s strategic emerging industries, and the study of the current status and dynamic evolution of the value flow of indium resources across the whole industry chain is of great strategic significance for the security of China’s indium resources and the sustainable development of its economy. [Methods] Based on the material flow framework of China’s indium resources in 2019, this paper utilizes the value chain analysis method and maps the value flow of China’s indium resources corresponding to the material flow process of indium resources according to the factor price theory, in order to evaluate and analyze the changes of value increase and decrease in the whole industry chain of China’s indium resources. [Results] (1) The total value of China’s indium resources industry chain shows an inverted U-shaped trend of increasing and then decreasing; (2) The stages with the highest value appreciation in the indium value chain are smelting and refining, with value increases of 922% and 1002% respectively. This is attributed to the substantial enhancement of indium resource grade due to the inputs of technology, labor, and energy, and that indium is a by-product metal with its associated zinc metal having relatively low value; (3) Although China is the world’s largest country in terms of indium resources, the indium resource industry chain still relies on imports to sustain its development; (4) Recycling of indium resources can have significant economic value. [Conclusion] Therefore, optimizing the indium resource industry chain, upgrading the production process and technology of high-end indium-containing products, and strengthening the recycling of indium-containing waste products are important ways to increase the value of indium resources in China.

Animal-source foods are crucial for a sustainable food system as they provide vital nutrients and support rural communities in their fight against poverty and food insecurity. The livestock and poultry farming industry in Sri Lanka is currently encountering numerous challenges due to the ongoing political and economic crisis, as well as the adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. This has resulted in a detrimental impact on the sustainability and resilience of the animal-source food systems in the country. Hence, this article presents a comprehensive insight into the livestock and poultry industry in Sri Lanka and its ability to adapt to evolving circumstances and become increasingly resilient during times of crisis. This review underscores the significance of boosting robustness, achieving production potentials, reducing production fluctuations, and sustaining economic, social, and environmental development in rural livelihoods. Its objective is to enlighten the global readership about these advancements and prospects. Further, the article offers valuable insights into the challenges faced by the animal-source food system in Sri Lanka and recommends strategies for recovery and resilience from the author’s perspective across all value chain segments. To ensure the resilience of animal-source food systems against potential external disruptions, it is crucial to establish a strong network among significant fragments of the animal-source food supply chain, provide the necessary infrastructure and institutional aid, and reinstate essential capacity building among stakeholders. Hence, discussions are relevant to a broader global audience including industry, policymakers, and academics.

On the one side, the operational expenses of mining enterprises are showing an upward trend; and on the other side, conventional mining fleet management systems (FMSs) are falling short in addressing the high-dimensionality, stochasticity, and autonomy needed in increasingly complex operations. These major drivers for change have convinced researchers to search for alternatives including artificial-intelligence-enabled algorithms recommended by Mining 4.0. The present study endeavors to scrutinize this transition from a business management point of view. In other words, a literature review is carried out to gain insight into the evolutionary trajectory of mining FMSs and the need for intelligent algorithms. Afterward, a holistic supply chain layout and then a detailed value chain diagram are depicted to meticulously inspect the effect of technological advancements on FMSs and subsequently the profit margin. The proposed value-chain diagram is advantageous in explaining the economic justification of such intelligent systems, illustratively, for shareholders in the industry. Moreover, it will show new research directions for mining scholars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Management & Agribusiness / Jurnal Manajemen & Agribisnis is the property of IPB University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural, Environmental & Veterinary Sciences is the property of Arab Journal of Sciences & Research Publishing (AJSRP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of External Economic Bulletin / Külgazdaság is the property of KOPINT Konjunktura Kutatasi Alapitvany and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cameroon is a net rice importer, and actors' performance along the rice value chain is yet to be well understood, even though they are presumed to integrate functions along the chain. The aim of the study was to investigate the financial performance of actors in the rice value chain in Ngoketunjia division in Cameroon. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to identify and collect data from 800 actors using a structured questionnaire. The cost-return technique was employed to analyse the financial benefit of actors in the chain. The results showed that the cost of production, milling, wholesaling and retailing per kilogram was FCFA 122.38 (US$ 0.20), for farmers, millers, FCFA 240.79 (US$0.39), wholesalers, FCFA 336.50 (US$0.55), and FCFA 358.90 (US$059) for retailers. The profit per kilogram was FCFA 27.63 (US$0.05) for farmers, FCFA 79.21 (US$0.13) for millers, wholesalers was FCFA 13.50 (US$0.02) for wholesalers, and FCFA 11.10 (US$0.018) for retailers. Farmers and millers had higher gross margins (22.03% and 28.21%) than wholesalers and retailers (5.74% and 4.14%, respectively). The benefit-cost ratio analysis revealed that the rice value chain is profitable to all actors, with benefit-cost values of 1.23, 1.33, 1.04 and 1.03 for farmers, millers, wholesalers and retailers, respectively. Overall, farmers and millers had greater benefit from their activities in the rice value chain in Cameroon and may need less attention in the chain development as compared to wholesalers and retailers with less benefit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The contribution of non-timber forest products to the economy is ignored and often undervalued due to their subsistence nature. The study focused on baobab trees aiming to understand the baobab population, its asset value across various land uses, and the contribution of baobab fruits to the economy. Kilolo District and Iringa Urban District were purposively selected due to the availability of baobab trees and activities involving baobab fruit businesses in the districts. A stratified random sampling was done to select four land uses, in particular, settlement land, farmland, grazing land, and village forest reserve land for a biophysical survey. Besides, a socio-economic survey was conducted employing key informants’ interviews, market and household surveys to collect data for the assessment of baobab fruit value chains. A total of 91 respondents were interviewed, specifically, 44 harvesters, 1 village wholesaler, 2 middlemen, 2 village retailers, 6 processors 22 urban retailers, and 13 baobab fruits consumers. The study observed 5.27±0.39 stems/ha of baobab trees in grazing land, farmland (3.88±0.73stem/ha), village forest reserve land (2.68±0.17stem/land), and settlement land (2.27±0.31 stem/ha). Also, the total biological asset value of baobab trees was highest in farmland (29.87±9.04 USD/ha) and lowest in settlement land (12.36±2.82 USD/ha). Total chain value added was highest for the baobab fruits value chain involving village wholesalers (1.17 USD/Kg) and lowest for the baobab fruits value chain involving village retailers (0.27 USD/Kg) because of limited value-adding activities in the latter chain. Limited access to market information, low prices, poor storage facilities, lack of capital, poor processing facilities, and seasonal availability of baobab fruits were challenges facing baobab fruits value chain actors. The study concludes that the population of baobab trees differs between land uses implying the potential threats to its existence, and the need for desirable strategies for its conservation and management. So far, baobab is only harvested from self-growing trees, so the study proposes domestication and commercialization of the tree species to raise communities' contribution to the economy.

On the one side, the operational expenses of mining enterprises are showing an upward trend; and on the other side, conventional mining fleet management systems (FMSs) are falling short in addressing the high-dimensionality, stochasticity, and autonomy needed in increasingly complex operations. These major drivers for change have convinced researchers to search for alternatives including artificial-intelligence-enabled algorithms recommended by Mining 4.0. The present study endeavors to scrutinize this transition from a business management point of view. In other words, a literature review is carried out to gain insight into the evolutionary trajectory of mining FMSs and the need for intelligent algorithms. Afterward, a holistic supply chain layout and then a detailed value chain diagram are depicted to meticulously inspect the effect of technological advancements on FMSs and subsequently the profit margin. The proposed value-chain diagram is advantageous in explaining the economic justification of such intelligent systems, illustratively, for shareholders in the industry. Moreover, it will show new research directions for mining scholars.

This study aims to assess the small ruminant value chain in Al-Ruwaished District, Jordan, to identify the potential intervention areas that could improve the production efficiency and guarantee the sustainability of the small ruminant sector in this area. Sheep breeding is the source of livelihood for most of the people in Al-Ruwaished District, which is characterized by the large number of sheep and goats. We surveyed 5.0% of the small ruminant holders in the study area and conducted individual interviews and surveys with the potential actors in the value chain to undertake a small ruminant value chain analysis. From the survey, we found that the small ruminant value chain consists of five core functions, namely, input supply, production management, marketing, processing, and consumption. Despite the large number of holdings that gives an impression of the stability to the small ruminant sector, the surveyed results show a clear fragility in the value chain of small ruminants in this area. The small ruminant production system is negatively impacted by climate change, especially continuous drought. In addition, the high prices of feed that the farmer cannot afford with clear and real absence of the governmental and non-governmental support activities also impact the development of the value chain. The results of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis reveal that the major constraints faced by this value chain could be divided into external and internal threats. Specifically, the most prominent external threats are the nature of the desert land and continuous drought, while the major internal threats are the absence of appropriate infrastructure, shortage of inputs, and weakness in the production management and marketing. We proposed solutions to these challenges to ensure the sustainability and effectiveness of the sector, such as the formulation of emergency response plans to severe weather, qualifying farmers’ skills, and establishment of agricultural cooperative societies.

This study aims to assess the small ruminant value chain in Al-Ruwaished District, Jordan, to identify the potential intervention areas that could improve the production efficiency and guarantee the sustainability of the small ruminant sector in this area. Sheep breeding is the source of livelihood for most of the people in Al-Ruwaished District, which is characterized by the large number of sheep and goats. We surveyed 5.0% of the small ruminant holders in the study area and conducted individual interviews and surveys with the potential actors in the value chain to undertake a small ruminant value chain analysis. From the survey, we found that the small ruminant value chain consists of five core functions, namely, input supply, production management, marketing, processing, and consumption. Despite the large number of holdings that gives an impression of the stability to the small ruminant sector, the surveyed results show a clear fragility in the value chain of small ruminants in this area. The small ruminant production system is negatively impacted by climate change, especially continuous drought. In addition, the high prices of feed that the farmer cannot afford with clear and real absence of the governmental and nongovernmental support activities also impact the development of the value chain. The results of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis reveal that the major constraints faced by this value chain could be divided into external and internal threats. Specifically, the most prominent external threats are the nature of the desert land and continuous drought, while the major internal threats are the absence of appropriate infrastructure, shortage of inputs, and weakness in the production management and marketing. We proposed solutions to these challenges to ensure the sustainability and effectiveness of the sector, such as the formulation of emergency response plans to severe weather, qualifying farmers’ skills, and establishment of agricultural cooperative societies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In regional contexts and within specific sustainable businesses based on endogenous resources, analysing their value chain is crucial to support the sustainability characteristics and comply with the new consumer's demand. Short supply value chains are also typical for these types of businesses and bring advantages regarding competitive and sustainability claims. Jarmelista Bovine Breed Meat's case study complies with the context and characteristics of a short value chain that is important to define and analyse to support and offer a clear sustainability claim and continue to promote territorial values, namely in the mountain and inland regions. This research, based on case study methodology, aimed to define the Jarmelista meat supply value chain considering perceptions of producers and the other actors of the Jarmelista meat value chain, and as a basis for business improvement in this specific mountain and inland territory, adding value to the meat and contributing to the sustainable values of the meat production to deliver a product that preserves its cultural and sustainable heritage. Based on the results obtained from the interview and surveys conducted, a simple and feasible business orientation for the leading players is suggested, as this points out the focus attributes and relevant issues to be considered along the value chain that, in an integrated approach, can offer to the consumer market a sustainable meat product and contribute to the preservation of the territory sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Value chain analysis is carried out to determine the percentage of added value of a product which has been process post-harvest treatments or turned into a new product in each step of marketing chain. This study aimed to determine the relationship between value chain actors and theirs added value of corn raw materials in feed production at PT. Sinar Terang Madani Makassar. Data obtained in this study were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the value chain actors at PT. Sinar Terang Madani consisted of farmers, suppliers, manufacturers, customers, and distributors. Value chain actor with the highest profit was AM supplier, with a margin of Rp. 777/kg.

As people become more and more aware of health issues, environmental protection, and climate change, there is a major shift to organic food consumption in our society. Among the main organic products consumed, we highlight vegetables because they are a major source of vitamins and minerals. The paper aims to carry out an analysis of the value chain of organic vegetables in Romania. This study presents the results of the analysis of the value chain of organic vegetables regarding aspects such as chain mapping, governance structure, and chain modernization. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with key chain actors. The research shows that the value chain of organic vegetables in Romania is simple and short; in 45.5% of cases, there is only a distributor between the producer and the final customer. The processing function being poorly developed, 90% of the vegetables get to be marketed fresh. The study identified the main barriers to the development of this system, namely low demand for organic products and high legislative volatility. Key actors also suggested some levers to overcome barriers, such as campaigns to inform and educate consumers about organic products and their benefits and better targeted public policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The scale of environmental and social challenges the world is facing today requires enterprises, both large and small, to develop sustainable innovative solutions that are economically, environmentally and socially viable. The purpose of this paper is to understand the sustainable innovation initiatives taken by small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and small business entrepreneurs and the impact on performance. The paper presents a systematic literature review of research in the area. 63 publications, drawn from academic databases, on sustainable innovation initiatives taken by SMEs were identified and analyzed. The findings reveal that majority of the initiatives taken by SMEs are related to product and process innovations, and focus has been on SMEs in the manufacturing sector. The review attempts a value chain analysis that brings out the importance given to activities under operations and manufacturing to support the initiatives. The paper highlights the performance measures used to measure and control the outcome of the innovation initiatives. Additionally, the paper highlights broad research themes, links them through a conceptual model and identifies research gaps in this area. The findings of the study will help professionals identify potential areas for innovation and allow academics to conduct further research using the identified research gaps. L'ampleur des défis environnementaux et sociaux auxquels le monde est confronté aujourd'hui exige des entreprises, grandes et petites, qu'elles développent des solutions innovantes et durables qui soient économiquement, écologiquement et socialement viables. L'objectif de cet article est d'examiner les initiatives innovantes et durables prises par les petites et moyennes entreprises (PME) et les petits entrepreneurs, ainsi que leur impact sur les performances. L'article présente une revue systématique de littérature dans ce domaine. Tirées de bases de données universitaires, 63 publications sur les initiatives innovantes et durables prises par les PME ont été identifiées et analysées. Les résultats révèlent que la majorité des initiatives prises par les PME sont liées aux innovations de produits et de procédés, et que l'accent a été mis sur les PME du secteur manufacturier. La revue tente une analyse de la chaîne de valeur qui met l'accent sur l'importance accordée aux activités opérationnelles et manufacturières pour soutenir les initiatives. L'article met en évidence les mesures de performance utilisées pour mesurer et contrôler les résultats des initiatives d'innovation. En outre, il met en lumière les grands thèmes de recherche, les relie par un modèle conceptuel et identifie les lacunes de la recherche dans ce domaine. Les conclusions de l'étude aideront les professionnels à identifier des domaines potentiels d'innovation et permettront aux universitaires de conduire de nouvelles recherches en utilisant les lacunes identifiées. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Seeds and feeds are among the most important inputs required for sustainable aquaculture industry development in any country worldwide. However, the value chain analysis of seeds and feeds in most developing countries including Tanzania has not been mapped, and the key actors are not identified and characterized. To address this knowledge gap, we mapped the fish seed and feed value chains in Morogoro, Dar es Salaam, Coast and Lindi regions in Tanzania, evaluated their performances, analyzed their contributions to aquaculture growth and finally assessed the critical factors impending aquaculture development before proposing appropriate strategies for upgrading. We found that the fish seed value chain comprised broodstock suppliers, seed producers, seed marketers, traders and fish farmers. Tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) and African sharptooth catfish (Clarias gariepinus) seeds produced were primarily sold to farmers at an advanced fry stage (1 to 5 g) at a price ranging from USD 0.09 to 0.13 and USD 0.22 to 0.27, respectively. The feed value chain consisted of suppliers, producers, importers, traders and fish farmers. The feeds produced were powdered, compressed and extruded pellets and granules sold at an average price of USD 2.50/kg. The seed and feed value chains in the four regions drive the aquaculture development and employ 137 and 109 people, respectively. The fish farming was mainly affected by insufficient seeds and feeds; inadequate extension services, inadequate technical skills in seed and feed production; limited farming equipment; insufficient capital and limited access to market. We propose increasing seed and feed production through collaborative research between researchers and the private sector, enhancing delivery of extension services to all fish farmers, providing fiscal incentives to hatchery and feed investors, organizing hatchery owners into associations, and undertaking marketing awareness campaign for aquaculture growth in the country for food, income and employment generation.

This study aims to identify the PESTEL and Porter’s 5-Forces analysis while identifying the turnaround process of TV provider subscription after a decline in firm performance. The case of this study is MSKY Vision Enterprise, which employs a qualitative descriptive approach using the conceptual framework of PESTEL analysis, Porter’s Five forces, and turnaround strategy developed by Hoffman in 1989 in analyzing the condition of a decline in firm performance and an appropriate turnaround strategy. The study is initiated by firstly investigating financial distress using a Multiple Discriminant Analysis (MDA) developed by Altman and Hotchkiss (2006). Furthermore, an analysis of the company’s external and internal factors is conducted to determine the causes of performance decline, threats, and opportunities in the pay television industry in Indonesia. Next, a turnover strategy proposition analysis is proposed to identify the strategic and operational actions taken to overcome the decline in performance.

n order to explore the application of calculus function and value chain analysis method in the quantification of financial flexibility management indicators. Firstly, by combing the development process of value chain accounting exploration and cost management at home and abroad, a more complete value chain accounting framework is constructed. Then, a practical case is applied to illustrate the advantages of introducing value chain accounting and its analysis method to improve cost management in advanced manufacturing industry. Finally, it introduces the preconditions for using value chain accounting and its analysis methods to improve cost management. The experimental results show that after the implementation of the improved cost management system, it largely depends on information technology to transfer cost and other confidential information. At this time, it is also very important to do a good job in internal control, otherwise it will lead to the leakage of enterprise confidential information and unimaginable consequences. This requires enterprises to establish a rigorous and complete risk assessment system, including risk identification, risk analysis and risk resolution, implement control activities on this basis, and establish a perfect internal supervision and daily operation and maintenance mechanism of information system. It is proved that the calculus function and value chain analysis method can effectively quantify the financial flexibility management index.

Although the tire industry is important for the economy of the country, focusing only on productivity will not lead to sustainable production and competitiveness in today's global market. This research aimed to enhance economic and environmental performance throughout Thailand's tire supply chain using green productivity (GP) and value chain analysis. The current performance of the tire supply chain was presented using GP level with value chain analysis for identifying the causes of extravagant resources, energy, or waste. The clean technology (CT) concept was used to develop options to improve GP and obtaining a sustainable tire supply chain. The results showed that the highest GP value of primary and intermediate rubber products was fresh latex and smoke sheet rubber. Cup lump and STR20 block rubber, in contrast, offered the lowest GP. Overuse of chemical fertilizer in the cup lump production, water consumption in the STR20 production and steam consumption in the tire manufacturing process were key issues selected for developing CT options from value chain analysis. The chosen options are to fertilize following the Rubber Research Institute recommendations, recycle used or treated water in the rubber industry and lower mold open time among tire manufacturers to reduce steam and coal consumption. These techniques were predicted to raise the GP value from 0.1495 to 0.1626 in cup lump production, 0.0320–0.0326 in the STR20 plant and 0.0098–0.0114 in a tire factory. It indicated a more sustainable business operation that could reduce environmental impacts and increase competitiveness simultaneously.

Copyright of Journal of Agroindustrial Technology / Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian is the property of IPB University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study aims to identify the methods and associated indicators that are commonly used in value chain analyses (VCA) and to determine the areas of interest that have been excluded. Value chain analysis generally includes four different dimensions, which are institutional/functional, economic/financial, social, and environmental. This study has two main sources of literature. The first is the guidelines and the other is case studies on value chain analysis. The case study review is limited by the time between 2000 and 2022. The results showed that the researchers mainly focused on the institutional/functional analysis of the value chain, which is the first step of the analysis. Studies were mostly concentrated on the mapping of value chains, which includes the mapping of agents, core activities, and the marketing channels and flows of products. The second important area of interest is economic/financial analysis. Value added analysis is a top research area on the economical side of the value chain (VC). Consumer behavior and financial analysis are also included in the case studies. The research on consumer behavior of the value chain analysis has focused on the preferences, attitudes, and behaviors of the consumers. Financial analysis is another area of interest which generally concentrates on the cost of intermediate inputs, total output value, net present value, internal rate of return, cash flows and cost of fixed assets, and break-even point. The social and environmental sides of the value chain have been studied with less attention. This is much more important for a sustainable food VC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Mung bean is an important pulse legume multipurpose crop that has significant health and economic benefits. It plays an important role in climate resilience and increasing food security. We conducted the study in Kalu Woreda Eastern Amhara, Ethiopia, where the crop is highly adopted. The study aimed to analyse and evaluate the local value chain of the crop. Though Mung bean is a market oriented crop and playing an important role in food and nutrition security; there is a lack of clear evidence that shows how the local value chain of the crop is performing. Therefore, empirical evidence on the Mung bean value chain is required to design interventions to enhance the value chain actors’ performance. Methods A mixed approach was used to collect and analyse the data and to have a complete picture of the research. We collected data from producers, collectors, wholesalers, retailers, and exporters through household survey, focus group discussion and key informant interviews. Descriptive statistics and econometric model were used to analyse the quantitative data. We analysed qualitative data using narration, summarization, and theme formation. Results and conclusion The average allocated land for Mung bean per household was 0.32 ha with a standard deviation of 0.15 ha. Mung bean value chain actors include input suppliers, producers, collectors, retailers, wholesalers, exporter and consumers. The highest percentage of the profit share goes to exporters (25.04%), followed by wholesalers (21.61%). Traditional farming practices, small landholding, poor access to agricultural inputs, pests and disease, poor infrastructure, and price fluctuations were the major Mung bean production and marketing challenges. Sex 0.166 (P = 0.008), the volume of Mung bean produced 0.26 (0.0001), farming experience 0.028 (0.048), frequency of extension contact 0.01 (0.072) and land allocated for Mung bean 3.411 (0.0001) were significantly determining the amount of Mung bean supplied to the market. Supporting farmers with agricultural inputs and delivering training on post-harvest issue, experience sharing among producers, and linking producers to cooperatives looks important to develop Mung bean local value chain. Strengthening multi-stakeholder linkages among Mung bean value chain actors through field days and workshops is also imperative in smoothing the local and international marketability of the crop.

The study analyses the value chain in pineapple and examines the degree of value addition among different value chain actors. Also finds the factors that affect the competitiveness of the value chain in the study area. The study was conducted in the Ernakulam district of Kerala. Simple statistical tools were used for the analysis of primary data collected from 120 respondents. The study revealed that marketing channels for fresh and processed pineapple were well established and were dominated by traders. Value chain analysis shows that value addition was least at the farm level and was highest at the processor stage. The factors affecting competitiveness were identified and strategies to upgrade the value chain were proposed. The study suggested that the adoption of good management practices and the provision of improved infrastructure facilities would enable farmers to fetch a higher price for their produce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

King Kobia is a rising marine fish commodity and continues to be socialized by cultivators in Pangandaran. Weaknesses of fishery products include the fast decay process, so to prevent this process, proper handling techniques are needed so that the freshness and quality of the fish are guaranteed. This study aimed to map the flow of king cobia products, analyze the king cobia value chain, analyze the added value, and describe the obstacles that exist in the processing and marketing of product value. The type of research used is descriptive research. Descriptive research aims to describe something by describing, recording, analyzing, and interpreting the conditions in a value chain of king cobia fish commodities. Data collection through literature study, observation, documentation, and interviews with fishermen, MSME actors, and fish traders. Data analysis using Value Chain Analysis. The study found that value chain analysis helps add value in every production stage and delivery of products or services to consumers. This value chain consists of two parts, primary activities, and supporting activities. In contrast, the added value analysis is fish nuggets as an effort to increase the value of frozen fish products.

Abstract The fashion and textile sectors have proved to be the socio-economic booster for developing countries in the last two decades. This article looks into the challenges faced by the Indian fashion and textiles sector in and post-pandemic. The current COVID-19 crisis has presented the sector with a unique set of challenges that are indeed the future strategies. Primary and secondary research methods were used to explore the impact of the pandemic on the sector in India. A systematic literature review (S.L.R.) is carried out to collect secondary data from scientific journals and development corporations. For primary research, top managers and owners from ten large-size fashion and textile companies were qualitatively interviewed to validate the secondary data. The value chain analysis (V.C.A.) model was used to perform a stage-wise analysis to provides an assessment of the current scenario and recommend solutions accordingly. Existing literature discusses the impact on the Indian economy in general and there is no significant research on the fashion and textile sector. In accordance with the empirical evidence, the author has developed a digital value chain model that is novel to the sector. It shall help both the domestic and export sector to come back to business and prepare for a similar crisis in the future.

Many indigenous foods are nutrient-rich but are often underutilized even among populations at high risk of malnutrition. The aims of this study were to conduct value chain analysis of one cultivated crop (finger millet among the Munda tribe) and one wild green leafy vegetable (Koinaar leaves among the Sauria Paharia tribe) of two Indigenous communities in Jharkhand state, India and to identify entry points for interventions aimed at supporting production and consumption. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with stakeholders among each tribal group and transcripts were open coded and organized based on key themes across the steps of the value chain for each food independently. Improved storage techniques and infrastructure, machinery for processing and improved cooking fuel would help reduce barriers across the finger millet supply chain related to postharvest losses, processing labor and safety concerns related to cooking. For Koinaar leaves, improving drying techniques to increase consumption across seasons and providing training and support to increase opportunities for selling leaves in local markets, where participants mentioned potential language barriers, could strengthen the supply chain. Improving extension services and focusing beyond production has potential to improve the production and consumption of both nutrient-rich crops among Indigenous communities in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The wood-based sector has the potential to contribute significantly to the circular bioeconomy. This paper examines the potential for implementing circular bioeconomy principles across two value chains, covering five sectors: “sawnwood”, “bioenergy”, “construction”, “paper and pulp”, and “cellulose-based fibres and plastics”. The qualitative value chain analysis is limited to the material flow and demonstrates that a circular approach requires transformation across entire value chains. Implementing circular bioeconomy principles will require new business models, cooperation across sectors and companies, and the application of new technologies and management tools. More importantly, the results demonstrate that more applicable tools and methods are needed to analyse circularity. The results likewise confirm prevailing conceptual ambiguities surrounding the circular bioeconomy concept, such as the relationship between circularity and sustainability, which would need clarification. For example, circularity does not equal sustainability, nor guarantees economic viability for the wood-based sector. The paper argues that a circular wood-based system needs tailored governance approaches as there are no one-size-fits-all solutions. The wood-based sectors will also need to account for sustainability criteria and the natural limitations of wood (as a material) to close value retention loops. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The focus of the research study was on value chain analysis of minor millets for improving economic status of farmers in Tumakuru district of Karnataka. Multistage sampling technique was employed in the selection of 80 farmers who were millet growers from different parts of Tumakuru district viz., Tiptur, Chikkanayakanahalli, Sira and Pavagda. For analyzing the data, porter’s value chain model (1985) was used and tabular method was employed to compile the cost and returns of minor millets cultivation. The per hectare total cost of cultivation of all the six millets have been calculated and it is observed that, per hectare cost of cultivation of finger millet worked out to be Rs.38,128 which is higher among all the minor millets where the lowest in case of barnyard millet Rs.17,781/ha. The net return for finger millet is Rs.13,475/ha. The return per rupee of investment is highest in foxtail millet and barnyard millet is 1.60 and 1.54, respectively. Personal interviews were also conducted to study the improvements in primary activities of value chain. Improvements suggested under primary activities: procurement of millet through government agency at MSP (80%) and government support to farmers and entrepreneurs to create storage facilities (66%). Whereas, under support activities: more number of processing and value addition units (84%) and Government procurement on MSP (60%). Hence, the study suggested the farmers to go for value addition and get better returns rather than selling it in a raw form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study will accrue and extend perspectives of tax avoidance on taxable income which is currently impractically hidden on sophisticated transactions in Industry 4.0. Design/methodology/approach: The study will explain source in tax avoidance on Industry 4.0 through value chain analysis. To explain relationship between key concepts data from tax officials and consultants, electronic manufacturing and service companies in Tanzania will be applied. Findings: In the current climate of economic crisis, governments are implementing budget cuts in an effort to cope with national debts and aftereffects of COVID 19 as a whole. Practical implementations: Findings from this study will share the field of knowledge of value chain analysis for proactive response from both government and private sector in identifying sources of tax avoidance to Industry 4.0, and to engage stakeholders affected by tax policy issues and expose findings for policy review and scrutiny. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The changing climate poses unprecedented risks and challenges to agricultural production and energy systems worldwide, necessitating innovative technology and policy solutions that transcend traditional boundaries. This paper highlights the critical intersection of energy and agricultural systems and identifies low-carbon intensity ammonia (LCIA) as a pivotal element in reducing the carbon footprint of US agricultural production, particularly in fertilizer use. It presents a comprehensive analysis of the ammonia market and value chain, emphasizing its potential to decarbonize agricultural fertilizers and serve as an alternative clean energy source. The technical review covers various ammonia production methods, from natural gas-based processes with carbon capture and storage to electrolysis using renewable energy. These methods' economic and environmental implications are examined to provide insights into the levelized costs and emissions of LCIA applications across various scenarios. A case study focusing on the Permian Basin and Southern High Plains regions is conducted to illustrate the regional synergy between the agriculture and energy sectors, proposing a framework for integrating LCIA into the US agricultural sector. The proposed framework, Sustainable Ammonia for Resilient Agriculture, outlines policy recommendations and strategic investments to overcome market and infrastructure barriers, aiming to develop a resillient and sustainable LCIA value chain. Future research direction should emphasize the need for local value chain development plans encompassing agriculture, energy, infrastructure, and workforce development under a unified policy framework. [Display omitted] • This study shows how low-carbon intensity ammonia links agriculture and energy sectors, enhancing sustainability. • Explores ammonia production methods and their economic and environmental benefits. • Provides actionable recommendations for integrated policies to support low-carbon intensity ammonia. • Features Permian Basin and Southern High Plains case study, highlighting regional synergies and local impacts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]