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In randomized clinical trials with right-censored time-to-event outcomes, the popular log-rank test without adjusting for baseline covariates is asymptotically valid for treatment effect under simple randomization of treatments but is too conservative under covariate-adaptive randomization. The stratified log-rank test, which adjusts baseline covariates in the test procedure by stratification, is asymptotically valid regardless of what treatment randomization is applied. In the literature, however, under simple randomization there is no affirmative conclusion about whether the stratified log-rank test is asymptotically more powerful than the unstratified log-rank test. In this article we show when the stratified and unstratified log-rank tests aim for the same null hypothesis and that, under simple randomization, the stratified log-rank test is asymptotically more powerful than the unstratified log-rank test in the region of alternative hypothesis that is specified by a Cox proportional hazards model. We also provide some discussion about why we do not have an affirmative conclusion in general.

This study aimed to adapt and validate the Comprehensive assessment of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy processes (CompACT), which evaluates psychological flexibility accordingly to three dyadic processes (1) openness to experience, (2) behavioral awareness, and (3) valued action. The sample consisted of 377 subjects (aged between 18 and 64 years) from the general population. Evidence of validity based on the internal structure of the scale was provided by parallel analysis, which indicated a three factor solution, as in the original scale, and by exploratory factor analysis. The final scale presented good internal consistency (α=.89). Furthermore, the CompACT showed adequate convergent validity, presenting moderate negative correlations with the AAQ- II and anxiety, stress and depression measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The aim of this study was to analyze evidence of convergent and concurrent criterion validity of the scales of the short form of the Jesness Inventory - Revised - Brazilian version. A sample of 597 male adolescents, aged between 12 and 20 years, participated in the study. The evidence of convergent validity obtained indicates that most scales would have maintained their interpretive meaning in the short form. They also indicated the need for further investigations on the Immaturity scale. The concurrent criterion validity suggests that high scores on the scales can differentiate adolescents based on both criteria, Judicialization and Frequency of self-reported delinquency in the last 12 months. Investment in standardized and brief instruments can drive the development of evidence-based practices in the juvenile justice system and, for this, a research agenda is presented.

Introduction: COPD pharmacological treatment is progressively staggered according to severity, which can be modified based on its response. Therefore, instruments have been developed to assess patient satisfaction with different inhaler devices. However, these instruments have been designed mostly for patients with asthma. Objective: To validate the FSI-10 instrument and assess the degree of satisfaction with inhaler devices in COPD patients. Materials and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study for content validation and stratified probability sampling with proportional allocation was conducted with 337 COPD patients in the Central province of the department of Boyacá, Colombia. The FSI-10 questionnaire was assessed using Bartlett's test of sphericity, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin test and Cronbach's alpha. Results: The test of sphericity was statistically significant, suggesting the presence of a correlation within the ten-question test. Total explained variation of the FSI-10 questions accounted for 81% of the variation. Assessed patients reported a degree of satisfaction between fair to good with the use of inhaler devices. Conclusions: FSI-10 psychometric properties enable its use in assessing patient satisfaction with inhaler devices with no difference in understanding and reliability results. Satisfaction with inhaler devices is not very high among the majority of the population assessed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of measures that assess individual differences in the Belief in a Just World plays an important role in advancing research in this area. The intent of this article was to validate a new version of the Belief in a Just World Scale based on Popular Sayings (BJWPS), proposing that this measure may be an alternative to the original scale. For this, two studies were developed: Study 1 (N=160) aimed to presenting psychometric evidence for a new version of the BJWPS scale through an exploratory factor analysis. Study 2 (N=144) aimed to verify the goodness-of-fit of the proposed measurement model using confirmatory factor analysis. Results of the two studies indicated a singlefactor structure that assesses BJW, which corroborates the theoretical frameworks of the BJW scales. Together, the results allow us to conclude that the BJWPS presented satisfactory psychometric indexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resumen: Objetivo: Describir las propiedades psicométricas y el nivel de comprensión del cuestionario de alfabetización en salud HLS-EU-Q16 en español, implementado en la Encuesta de Salud de la Comunitat Valenciana de 2016. Método: Estudio descriptivo transversal para describir la comprensión, la fiabilidad, la estructura y la consistencia interna del cuestionario sobre la muestra de 5485 sujetos, de 15 o más años de edad, participantes en la encuesta. Resultados: Los porcentajes de comprensión sin mucha dificultad fueron elevados. La fiabilidad fue alta (coeficiente de correlación intraclase: 0,923; kappa: 0,814). El análisis factorial sugirió una estructura unifactorial (79,1% de variabilidad explicada por el factor común), con altas cargas factoriales. La consistencia fue alta (alfa de Cronbach: 0,982). Conclusiones: El HLS-EU-Q16 en español es un instrumento breve, adecuado y válido para medir el nivel de alfabetización en salud de la población. Abstract: Objective: To describe the psychometric properties and the level of understanding of the health literacy questionnaire HLS-EU-Q16 in Spanish, implemented in the Health Survey of the Valencian Region (Spain) of 2016. Method: Descriptive cross-sectional study to describe understanding, reliability, structure and internal consistency of the questionnaire on a sample of 5485 subjects, aged 15 or over, who participated in the survey. Results: The percentages of understanding without much difficulty were high. Reliability was high (intraclass correlation coefficient:.923; kappa:.814). The factorial analysis suggested a unifactorial structure (79.1% of variability explained by the common factor), with high factorial loads. The consistency was high (Cronbach's alpha: 0.982). Conclusions: The HLS-EU-Q16 in Spanish is a short, adequate and valid instrument to measure the level of health literacy in the population.

Abstract Objective To assess the psychometric properties of the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS) considering a sample of elderly users of the primary healthcare facilities of Ribeirão Preto, state of São Paulo, southeast Brazil. Methods The MOS-SSS is a widely used measurement of social support in different contexts, consisting of 19 items with answer categories that range on a 7-point rating scale. Data collection regarding the psychometric properties of the MOS-SSS was performed in a stratified sample of elderly users of primary healthcare facilities of Ribeirão Preto. Data were collected at five district basic health units located in the city through face-to-face interviews. Polychoric correlation matrix and exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory (CFA) factor analyses were performed. Results A total of 357 elderly subjects aged 60 years or older participated in the study (62.7% females). According to the polychoric correlation matrix, higher coefficients of correlation (> 0.90) were detected among 12 pairs of items and grouped into four factors, as suggested for EFA. The results of the CFA confirmed the construct validity of the four-factor structure of the MOS-SSS when applied to our sample, as well as the stability of this model in distinct subsamples. Conclusion The four-factor structure of the MOS-SSS was found to be suitable and presented adequate construct validity for the assessment of social support in elderly users of primary healthcare facilities.

Objective: To analyze the results obtained in the application of a Profile of competencies to nursing coordinators of graduate program in nursing course using the construct validation statistic resources. Methods: Descriptive and methodological study conducted with 44 respondents between 2014 and 2015. The skills profile contained 62 items distributed in 03 domains. Results: the total data variance in skills in educational, administrative and individual domains was 74,8%, 76,3% and 75,2% respectively. The coefficient of Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin ranged from 0,583 and 0,675 and Bartlett's sphericity test was <0,001. The fields of skills profile have good correlations and significance from the statistical interpretations carried out ensuring the accreditation of the instrument. Conclusion: The instrument was considered adequate in the three domains. The use of the profile can impact the quality of the courses that the nurses coordinators are responsibles and of their own career. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Outcome after nerve repair of the hand needs standardized psychometrically robust measures. We aimed to systematically review the psychometric properties of available functional, motor, and sensory assessment instruments after nerve repair. Methods This systematic review of health measurement instruments searched databases from 1966 to 2017. Pairs of raters conducted data extraction and quality assessment using a structured tool for clinical measurement studies. Kappa correlation was used to define the agreement prior to consensus for individual items, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess reliability between raters. A narrative synthesis described quality and content of the evidence. Results Sixteen studies were included for final critical appraisal scores. Kappa ranged from 0.31 to 0.82 and ICC was 0.81. Motor domain had manual muscle testing with Kappa from 0.72 to 0.93 and a dynamometer ICC reliability between 0.92 and 0.98. Sensory domain had touch threshold Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments (SWM) as the most responsive measure while two-point discrimination (2PD) was the least responsive (effect size 1.2 and 0.1). A stereognosis test, Shape and Texture Identification (STI), had Kappa test-retest reliability of 0.79 and inter-rater reliability of 0.61, with excellent sensibility and specificity. Manual tactile test had moderate to mild correlation with 2PD and SWM. Function domain presented Rosén-Lundborg score with Spearman correlations of 0.83 for total score. Patient-reported outcomes measurements had ICC of 0.85 and internal consistency from 0.88 to 0.96 with Patient-Rated Wrist and Hand Evaluation with higher score for reliability and Spearman correlation between 0.38 and 0.89 for validity. Conclusions Few studies included nerve repair in their sample for the psychometric analysis of outcome measures, so moderate evidence could be confirmed. Manual muscle test and Rotterdam Intrinsic Hand Myometer dynamometer had excellent reliability but insufficient data on validity or responsiveness. Touch threshold testing was more responsive than 2PD test. The locognosia test and STI had limited but positive supporting data related to validity. Rosén-Lundborg score had emerging evidence of reliability and validity as a comprehensive outcome following nerve repair. Few questionnaires were considered reliable and valid to assess cold intolerance. There is no patient-reported outcome measurement following nerve repair that provides comprehensive assessment of symptoms and function by patient perspective.

The aim of the present study was to search for evidence of validity based on external convergent-like variables for a subtest to assess figural creativity, part of a Battery for Assessment of High Abilities/Giftedness (BAAH/S). The sample consisted of 114 students of the 2nd year (n = 15) and 3rd year (n = 99) of high school, aged between 15 and 20 years (M = 17; SD = 0.85), 52 male, coming from a public school. Participants completed the Children's Figural Creativity Test (TCFI) and the Completing Figures Subtest (in validation process). Through the Pearson Correlation, factors that evaluate similar creative aspects showed positive and significant correlations (r = 0.64 between emotional factors; r = 0.60 between cognitive factors; r = 0.56 between enrichment factors ideas), indicating convergence between measures. The correlation between the isolated creative characteristics evaluated in both tests was mostly significant, with values ranging between r = 0.21 and r = 0.61. These results make it possible to confirm positive evidences of validity for the developing subtest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose. To verify the validity of Instant Heart Rate® application in smartphones for the measurement of exercise heart rate. Methods. The individuals were initially instructed about all the procedures to be performed and signed the consent form. Anthropometric measures and rest heart rate were evaluated before the experimental session of the study. The subjects participated in a self-selected exercise on a cycle ergometer for 10 minutes. Results. The results for validity demonstrated in an iPhone/iOS® smartphone revealed the intra-class correlation coefficient of r = 0.87 with a tendency to overestimate the heart rate by 5 bpm. For the Lenovo/Android® model, the intra-class correlation coefficient was r = 0.98, underestimating the values by -0.7 bpm. Thus, both systems presented high correlation values, and the error observed did not seem to compromise the several measures that use heart rate as a parameter. Conclusions. It is possible to conclude that heart rate monitoring by the Instant Heart Rate® application on iPhone/iOS® and Lenovo/Android® operating system smartphones can be performed safely during exercise, with the Lenovo/Android® base being even more reliable than the iPhone/iOS® system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To evaluate the accuracy of Image Tool Software 3.0 (ITS 3.0) to detect marginal microleakage using the stereomicroscope as the validation criterion and ITS 3.0 as the tool under study. Materials and Methods: Class V cavities were prepared at the cementoenamel junction of 61 bovine incisors, and 53 halves of them were used. Using the stereomicroscope, microleakage was classified dichotomously: presence or absence. Next, ITS 3.0 was used to obtain measurements of the microleakage, so that 0.75 was taken as the cut-off point, and values equal to or greater than 0.75 indicated its presence, while values between 0.00 and 0.75 indicated its absence. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated by point and given as 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results: The accuracy of the ITS 3.0 was verified with a sensitivity of 0.95 (95% CI: 0.89 to 1.00) and a specificity of 0.92 (95% CI: 0.84 to 0.99). Conclusion: Digital diagnosis of marginal microleakage using ITS 3.0 was sensitive and specific. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To compare direct and self-reported anthro­pometry in Mexican women. Materials and methods. Women aged 30-72 years, participating in the Mexican Teach­ers’ Cohort, completed a questionnaire with their anthropo­metric data in 2006-2008. After eleven months (median time), technicians performed anthropometry in 3 756 participants. We calculated correlations and multivariable-adjusted mean differences between direct and self-reported anthropomet­ric measures. Results. Correlations between direct and self-reported anthropometric measures ranged from 0.78 (waist circumference) to 0.93 (weight). On average, women over-reported their height by 2.2 cm and underreported their weight, body mass index (BMI) and waist and hip circumfer­ences by 1.3 kg, 1.3 kg/m2, 1.8 cm and 1.9 cm, respectively. Errors in self-reported anthropometry increased with rising measured BMI and were also independently associated with age, education and socioeconomic status. Conclusion. Self-reported anthropometry is sufficiently valid for epide­miological purposes in adult Mexican women. Errors in self-reported anthropometry might result in underestimation of the prevalence of overweight and obesity.

ABSTRACT The prevention of cardiovascular events is one of the main objectives of a preexercise screening questionnaire. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic validity of ACSM/AHA questionnaire (AAPQ), through the Sensitivity (Se), Specificity (Sp) and AUC (area under the curve). The study included 69 subjects (40-81 years). Comparisons between sex and age categories were performed. There was no significant difference. However, the variation in positive responses seemed to increase in percentage terms, especially after 60 years (from 78.6% to 100%). The AAPQ Se values were high (88.2%) suggesting that the majority of individuals in whom the instrument was positive showed some contraindication. However, the Sp value was only 13.5%, indicating that the questionnaire was not able to identify those with no contra indication to start an exercise program. Thus, the instrument would have a low diagnostic capacity (AUC = 0.51). The results suggest that the questionnaire presents a low capacity to identify individuals suitable for inclusion in an exercise program.

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the validity of the Competence Scale of Actions of Nurses in Emergencies based on internal structure, internal consistency, and external criteria. Methods: methodological study to verify new evidence of validity of the Scale, with contents previously validated. The Scale has 81 measurable actions at five levels of competence and can be applied both for self- and/or hetero-evaluation. Results: one hundred and forty seven nursing assistants and 41 managers from the five regions of Brazil participated in the study. They were linked to mobile prehospital emergency service, fixed prehospital emergency service, or hospital emergencies. Dimensionality was evidenced by exploratory factorial analysis of the 81 items, pointing out seven factors that explained 66.5% of the total data variance. Cronbach’s alpha ranged from 0.79 to 0.98. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin 0.988 indicated that the correlations between the items were significant. In the external criterion, Pearson’s correlations between hetero-evaluation competence scores and the manager’s subjective classification were significant (p < 0.001), as well as differences in the means of these competencies by criterion group. In addition, scores by characteristics were evaluated to detect statistically different means. Conclusion: through the adopted Statistical Procedures, with multi-methods and multi-informants, different psychometric properties were analyzed. A summary of evidence was generated showing that the Scale is valid and reliable.

ABSTRACT Purpose To explore the relationship between the two components of spontaneous speech in the Brief Aphasia Evaluation (BAE) and the rest of the scale represented by its three main factors: The Expression, Comprehension, and Complementary factors. Methods BAE has proven validity and reliability. The evaluation of spontaneous speech in this scale comprises two components: Performance Rank (score: 0-3) and Type of Disorder (Fluency [F], Content [C], or Mixed [FC]) when rank < 3. Sixty-seven patients with left brain damage and 30 demographically matched healthy participants (HP) were studied. It was analyzed the correlation between Performance Rank and the three BAE factors and, recoding 3 as 0 and < 3 as 1, the sensitivity/specificity of this component for each factor. The effect of Type of Disorder on the three factors was analyzed. Results 1) Performance Rank: Correlations of 0.84 (Expression), 0.81 (Comprehension), and 0.76 (Complementary) were observed, with a sensitivity and specificity ≥ 78% for any factor; 2) Type of Disorder: The performance significantly decreased from FC to C and from C to F in Expression (FC < C < F), from FC to C and from FC to F also in Comprehension and Complementary, from patients with any type of disorder to HP. Conclusion Performance Rank was a relevant indicator of aphasia by its consistency with valid and comprehensive dimensions of acute language impairments. A degree difference between F and C was observed, being F a milder disorder; i.e., fluency problems were less severe than retrieval or anomia ones.

RESUMO Objetivos: Identificar estudos que avaliam as propriedades psicométricas dos principais testes de capacidade funcional utilizados em crianças e adolescentes e verificar os testes que apresentam propriedades de mensuração satisfatórias. Fontes de dados: Pesquisa nas bases de dados MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), sem limitar o período ou idiomas. Dois investigadores selecionaram de forma independente os artigos com base nos critérios de inclusão: estudos que avaliaram propriedades psicométricas dos testes de capacidade funcional em crianças e/ou adolescentes saudáveis ou com doenças cardiorrespiratórias. Foram excluídas pesquisas que incluíram indivíduos adultos e/ou participantes com doenças neurológicas e estudos que exclusivamente estabeleceram valores de referência ou equações de predição. Síntese dos dados: Do total de 677 artigos, foram selecionados 11 compatíveis com o tema; destes, 7 avaliaram propriedades psicométricas do teste de caminhada de 6 minutos (TC6), 1 avaliou tanto o TC6 quanto o teste do degrau de 3 minutos (TD3), e 3 avaliaram o teste incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT). As evidências sobre as propriedades de reprodutibilidade e confiabilidade são boas para o TC6 e ISWT e moderadas para o TD3. O ISWT mostra medidas de validade altas para crianças saudáveis e para aquelas com doença respiratória crônica. As medidas de validade do TC6 variam entre as populações estudadas e devem ser consideradas de maneira particular para cada condição de doença. A validade do TD3 ainda deve ser esclarecida na população pediátrica. Conclusões: O TC6 apresenta maior número de investigações sobre suas propriedades, mas sua validade apresenta variabilidade para diferentes populações pediátricas. A capacidade dos testes TC6, ISWT e TD3 de mensurar mudanças clinicamente importantes em crianças e adolescentes com doenças cardiorrespiratórias é desconhecida.

Objective: To assess the psychometric properties of the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS) considering a sample of elderly users of the primary healthcare facilities of Ribeirão Preto, state of São Paulo, southeast Brazil. Methods: The MOS-SSS is a widely used measurement of social support in different contexts, consisting of 19 items with answer categories that range on a 7-point rating scale. Data collection regarding the psychometric properties of the MOS-SSS was performed in a stratified sample of elderly users of primary healthcare facilities of Ribeirão Preto. Data were collected at five district basic health units located in the city through face-to-face interviews. Polychoric correlation matrix and exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory (CFA) factor analyses were performed. Results: A total of 357 elderly subjects aged 60 years or older participated in the study (62.7% females). According to the polychoric correlation matrix, higher coefficients of correlation (> 0.90) were detected among 12 pairs of items and grouped into four factors, as suggested for EFA. The results of the CFA confirmed the construct validity of the four-factor structure of the MOS-SSS when applied to our sample, as well as the stability of this model in distinct subsamples. Conclusion: The four-factor structure of the MOS-SSS was found to be suitable and presented adequate construct validity for the assessment of social support in elderly users of primary healthcare facilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine the reliability and validity of the Spanish version of the scale to measure the caregiver's contribution to self-care of patients with heart failure (CC-SCHFI). Methodology: Methodological study, with quantitative approach; which included psychometric tests, applied to family caregivers of people with heart failure. The methodological recommendations of the International Test Commission were followed for the cultural adaptation of the translation-backtranslation test, semantic adequacy, facial and content validity, reliability through internal consistency and construct validity). Results: An agreement was reached between experts according to the Fleiss Kappa of 0.44 in the relevance dimension, 0.41 in the relevant dimension and a content validity by standardized CVI method of 0.68. The internal consistency of the instrument was optimal with a Cronbach's Alpha coefficient = 0.950. The exploration of the construct yielded a structure of 6 components. Conclusions: A Spanish scale was available to address the phenomenon of the caregiver's contribution to the self-care of patients with heart failure, with a factorial analysis that showed that the items of the instrument tend to be grouped into two domains (maintenance and management of self-care) and not three, as proposed by the original instrument. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: to evaluate the validity of the Competence Scale of Actions of Nurses in Emergencies based on internal structure, internal consistency, and external criteria. Methods: methodological study to verify new evidence of validity of the Scale, with contents previously validated. The Scale has 81 measurable actions at five levels of competence and can be applied both for self- and/or hetero-evaluation. Results: one hundred and forty seven nursing assistants and 41 managers from the five regions of Brazil participated in the study. They were linked to mobile prehospital emergency service, fixed prehospital emergency service, or hospital emergencies. Dimensionality was evidenced by exploratory factorial analysis of the 81 items, pointing out seven factors that explained 66.5% of the total data variance. Cronbach's alpha ranged from 0.79 to 0.98. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin 0.988 indicated that the correlations between the items were significant. In the external criterion, Pearson's correlations between hetero-evaluation competence scores and the manager's subjective classification were significant (p < 0.001), as well as differences in the means of these competencies by criterion group. In addition, scores by characteristics were evaluated to detect statistically different means. Conclusion: through the adopted Statistical Procedures, with multi-methods and multi-informants, different psychometric properties were analyzed. A summary of evidence was generated showing that the Scale is valid and reliable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal Educational Innovation / Revista Innovación Educativa is the property of Instituto Politecnico Nacional and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción. La validación de los factores predictores de la sensibilidad a la warfarina es importante para evitar las hemorragias asociadas con la terapia anticoagulante. En los estudios previos hechos en Colombia con polimorfismos de los genes VKORC1 y CYP2C9, se reportaban algoritmos con rendimientos diferentes para explicar la variación de las dosis, pero no se evaluaba la predicción de la sensibilidad a la warfarina. Objetivo. Determinar la exactitud del análisis farmacogenético de los polimorfismos *2 y *3 en el gen CYP2C9 y 1639G>A en el gen VKORC1 para predecir la sensibilidad a la warfarina en pacientes del Hospital Militar Central, un centro de referencia que atiende pacientes de diferentes lugares de Colombia. Materiales y métodos. Se recopilaron los datos demográficos y clínicos de 130 pacientes que habían recibido una dosis estable de warfarina durante más de dos meses. Se obtuvieron sus genotipos mediante un análisis de curvas de fusión, y, después de verificar el equilibrio de Hardy-Weinberg de los polimorfismos, se hizo un análisis estadístico con enfoque multivariado y predictivo. Resultados. Se construyó un modelo farmacogenético que explicó el 52,8 % de la variación de la dosis (pA (p

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the reliability of the Manchester Triage System to determine the priority of patients in emergency services. Method: This is a reliability study with a sample of 361 nurses. The data were collected in three stages and the questionnaires were applied using the electronic software. The agreement was measured by the evaluation of clinical cases. The outcomes evaluated were agreement with the gold standard and intra-observer in the indication of the flowchart, discriminator, and level of risk. Data were submitted to univariate and bivariate analyses. The agreement was measured by the Kappa index. Results: The external and internal reliability of the protocol ranged from moderate to substantial (Kappa: 0.55-0.78). The time of professional experience as a nurse, in emergency services and in the classification of risk were associated with external and internal reliability. The correct choice of the discriminator influenced the correct indication of the risk level (R² = 0.77, p

ABSTRACT The aim of this systematic review was to analyze the cross-cultural adaptation and validation processes of Borg’s Rating of Perceived Exertion Scale (6-20) and its instructions during exercise in adults and the elderly. The study was conducted using databases that include the areas of health, sports and psychology (Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Bireme (BVS), PsycINFO, SportDiscus and Scopus), and descriptors in the English and Portuguese languages were standardized for all databases ("exercise" / "exercicio", "validity" / "validade", "borg scale" / "escala de borg"; "perceived exertion" / "percepção de esforço" and "validation" / "validação"). Among the 1,488 items found, 14 articles were selected for analysis. The main findings were that cross-cultural adaptation (Cantonese and Japanese) was reported in only four articles. The lowest-scored criteria for methodological quality were related to the concept of perceived exertion, and the instructions for use and familiarization with Borg’s scale. The results indicate that the majority of the studies did not apply the cross-cultural adaptation process and additionally, that concurrent validity was the only validation method reported. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out the cross-cultural adaptation of Borg’s Scale (6-20), mainly in the Portuguese language, in addition to other types of validation in order to ensure more accurate results.

ABSTRACT The Programa Segundo Tempo (PST) designed theorethical and methodological standards in order to provide quality in sports education on national scale. The PST built an evaluation model to measure the compliance level of teachers to the PST pedagogical model. Thus, the objective of this study was to design the Class Observation Protocol (COP), as well as to establish its face and content validity. The following steps were followed in the instrument’s construction: a. review of the documents underlying the PST; B. meetings and consultations with the pedagogical teams; C. construction of the operational definition; d. construction of items; and. pilot study (Concordance Index between observers assessing the same class). In general, no differences were found between teams as to the relevance of the items and their weights. In addition, a pilot application presented a Concordance Index of 0.71 ± 0.22. Thus, the COP proved to be consistent and an excellent indicator to measure the PST’s teaching quality.

RESUMO Introdução A tontura na infância e adolescência interfere no comportamento psicológico e pode levar a consequências, como mau rendimento escolar e distúrbios de linguagem. Objetivo Desenvolver e verificar a aplicabilidade da versão reduzida do Dizziness Handicap Inventory-Child/Adolescent (DHI-CA) em crianças e adolescentes em fase escolar. Métodos Estudo metodológico de validação, desenvolvido nas unidades de ensino da rede pública municipal do Distrito Sanitário Cabula/Beiru de Salvador, Bahia. Os dados foram coletados por meio do Dizziness Handicap Inventory Child/Adolescent (DHI-CA) e da proposta reduzida, denominada Dizziness Handicap Inventory Child/Adolescent-short form (DHI-CA/SF). O DHI-CA/SF é composto de 15 questões objetivas, divididas em subescalas correspondentes aos aspectos emocionais, físicos e funcionais. Resultados A amostra foi composta por 97 crianças e adolescentes. Destas, 69 eram do sexo feminino (71,1%) e 28 (28,9%) eram do sexo masculino. A faixa etária esteve entre 7 e 15 anos, com média de 11 anos. A consistência interna referente à escala total foi de α=0,84 e α=0,66, para a subescala funcional, α=0,61 para a emocional e α=0,65 para a física. Quanto à concordância das duas aplicações do DHI-CA/SF, foi verificado que os coeficientes de correlação intraclasse, intraexaminadores, demonstraram concordância satisfatória e de satisfatória a excelente para os itens, na segunda aplicação. Os valores de concordância na segunda aplicação foram os seguintes: emocional: 0,70; funcional: 0,93 e física: 0,80. Conclusão A partir do Dizziness Handicap Inventory Child/Adolescent DHI-CA, foi possível obter uma versão reduzida, denominada Dizziness Handicap Inventory Child/Adolescent-short form (DHI/CA-SF), aplicável em crianças ou adolescentes com queixas de tontura.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the concurrent validity of the optoelectronic plethysmography (OEP) to measure inspiratory capacity (IC) at rest and during submaximal exercise in healthy subjects. Twelve subjects (6 Male/6 Female; 23.8±1.34 yrs) with normal body mass index and lung function completed the study protocol. Participants were assessed at rest and during a 12-minute submaximal exercise protocol on a cycle ergometer. IC maneuvers were simultaneously recorded by OEP system and by a spirometer at rest and during exercise. The percentage of discrepancy between measurements, linear regression analysis and Bland-Altman method were used for data analysis. The study was approved by the institution ethics committee. It was considered 150 valid IC maneuvers for analysis (44 for resting and 106 for exercise). The percentage of discrepancy between the measurements were -9.6 (8.6%) at rest and -4.6 (5.5%) during exercise. Regression analysis showed good linear associations between methods at rest (r2=0.90; p=0.0002) and during exercise (r2=0.96; p=0.0008). Bland-Altman analysis using data obtained during exercise showed a bias between the two methods of 0.13L. The limits of agreement indicate that the difference between methods can vary from -0.04L to 0.57L. Additionally, data was equally distributed between the upper and lower limits, demonstrating no systematic overestimation or underestimation of the IC by any of the instruments. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the OEP is a valid evaluation system to measure IC of healthy individuals at rest and during submaximal exercise.

Objectives: To identify studies that evaluated psychometric properties of functional capacity tests in children and adolescents, and to verify which of these have satisfactory properties of measurement. Data sources: Searches on MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) databases without limiting period or language. Two investigators independently selected articles based on the following inclusion criteria: children and/or adolescent population (healthy or with cardiorespiratory diseases); and assessment of psychometric properties of functional capacity tests. Studies with (I) adult samples, (II) sample with neurological diseases, and (III) on reference values or prediction equations only were excluded. Data synthesis: From the total of 677 articles identified, 11 were selected. These evaluated the psychometric properties of the following tests: 6-minute walk test (6MWT) (n=7); 6MWT and the 3-minute step test (3MST) (n=1); and Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT) (n=3). Reproducibility and reliability were good for 6MWT and ISWT, and moderate for 3MST. The ISWT showed high validity measures for both healthy children and children with chronic respiratory disease. The validity of 6MWT varied across studies, and should be analyzed according to the health conditions of test takers. The validity of 3MST is unclear, and further studies in pediatric population are required. Conclusions: Most studies investigated 6MWT measurement properties. Validity of 6MWT varied according to different pediatric populations. The use of 6MWT, ISWT and 3MST tests to measure clinically important changes in children and adolescents with cardiorespiratory diseases is still unclear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To describe the determination reliability and construct validity of the instrument Ability of Family Caregivers Care of People Living Situations of Chronic Disease. In summary the instrument has gone through the processes of criterion validity, content validity and internal consistency, so it is necessary to continue the process to establish the psychometric properties necessary for its implementation. Method: Quantitative, for homogeneity and stability, we used the test re-test and Cronbach's alpha and exploratory factor analysis for construct validity. This exercise was conducted in a sample of 314 caregivers of people living in chronicity of the 20 localities in Bogotá, the groups involved in the mainstreaming of disability in the District Department of Health of Bogota. To process the stability instrument was applied initially to the total sample and in a second time with a month interval to 50% of caregivers who were part of the initial sample. Results: Stability was obtained for the instrument through the correlation coefficient of 0.77. The exploratory factor analysis showed that 26% of the variance is explained by three factors, which reported a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.82, 0.78, 0.71 and 0.74 respectively for the whole instrument. Conclusion: The degree of reliability of the instrument is adequate and acceptable according to theory and in consideration of the level of development of the instrument. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Hudson's Index of Sexual Satisfaction is a one-dimensional sexual satisfaction measure, used for research and clinical practice. In Mexico, 10 items form (ISS-10) has been proposed. This research aims to provide new evidences related to cross-validity (among women and men) and convergent validity of ISS-10 form, describing distribution, and study and also its relationship with six socio-demographic variables. Method: An instrumental research was performed. ISS-10, Relationship Rating Scale (RAS), Marital Aggrandizement Scale (MAS) and three other scales were applied; 807 married or cohabiting people were randomly sampled from Monterrey, Mexico between January and May 2014. Multi-confirmatory factorial group analysis was applied for data analysis. Results: The factor model has 10 indicators that show invariance among women and men. ISS-10 scores did not follow a normal distribution. In the overall sample, ISS-10 correlated with relationship satisfaction (RAS) was very high (rS = .71), and with the marital aggrandizement (MAS) also was high (rS = .56). Age, years of marriage or cohabitation and years of schooling have low correlation with ISS-10 form (rS from .13 to .27). Sex and marital status were independent based on ISS-10. Conclusion: The Index of Sexual Satisfaction, considered as key-factor to measure sexual satisfaction was reduced to 10 indicators, showing that the validity of evidence, is independent of being male or female, and it can be scaled using percentile scores rank. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Médica Peruana is the property of Colegio Medico del Peru and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Kineanthropometry & Human Performance is the property of Brazilian Journal of Kineanthropometry & Human Performance and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background and Purpose: Psychometric performance of quality of life (QoL) instruments must be evaluated prior to use. The Freiburg Life Quality Assessment for wounds (FLQA-w) emerged as one possible tool for burned patients. The purpose of this study was to assess the performance of FLQA-w in this population. Methods: Composite reliability (CR) coefficients were estimated; convergent validity was assessed by Burns Specific Health Scale-Revised (BSHS-R), abbreviated QoL instrument (WHOQOL-BREF), and the visual analog scale; and responsiveness by comparing with the three visual analog scales. Results: CR coefficients of FLQA-w domains were suitable (0.72–0.88). Correlations were strong and negative (r = −.51 to −.76). Responsiveness was adequate—statistically significant changes were observed. Conclusions: The results indicate reliable, valid, and responsive psychometric performance of the FLQA-w among burned patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyze the reliability of the Manchester Triage System to determine the priority of patients in emergency services. Method: This is a reliability study with a sample of 361 nurses. The data were collected in three stages and the questionnaires were applied using the electronic software. The agreement was measured by the evaluation of clinical cases. The outcomes evaluated were agreement with the gold standard and intra-observer in the indication of the flowchart, discriminator, and level of risk. Data were submitted to univariate and bivariate analyses. The agreement was measured by the Kappa index. Results: The external and internal reliability of the protocol ranged from moderate to substantial (Kappa: 0.55-0.78). The time of professional experience as a nurse, in emergency services and in the classification of risk were associated with external and internal reliability. The correct choice of the discriminator influenced the correct indication of the risk level (R² = 0.77, p <0.0001) more than the correct choice of the flowchart (R² = 0.16, p <0.0001). Conclusion: The reliability of the Manchester Triage System ranged from moderate to substantial and it was influenced by the clinical experience of the nurse. The protocol is safe for defining clinical priorities using different classification flowcharts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar os resultados da validação de construção de sinais enunciativos de aquisição da linguagem para crianças de 3 a 12 meses. Método Os sinais foram construídos a partir de mecanismos enunciativos e experiência clínica com distúrbios de linguagem e submetidos ao julgamento, quanto à clareza e à pertinência, por seis doutores com conhecimento em psicolinguística e clínica de linguagem. A validação de fidedignidade contou com dois juízes para aplicação dos instrumentos em vídeos de 20% da amostra total das díades mãe-bebê com o método entre avaliadores. O método Consistência Interna foi aplicado no total da amostra constituída de 94 díades mãe-bebê para os sinais da Fase 1 (3 a 6 meses) e de 61 díades mãe-bebê para os sinais da Fase 2 (7 a 12 meses). A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio da interação mãe-bebê feita com base em filmagens e aplicação dos sinais conforme a faixa etária da criança. Os dados foram organizados em planilha eletrônica e convertidos para aplicativos computacionais para análise estatística. Resultados Os julgamentos quanto à clareza/pertinência mantiveram os instrumentos sem modificações. O teste de fidedignidade apontou uma concordância entre os juízes quase perfeita (0,8 ≤ Kappa ≥ 1,0), apenas o item 2 da Fase 1 apresentou uma concordância substancial (0,6 ≤ Kappa ≥ 0,79). A consistência interna para a Fase 1 apresentou alpha = 0,84 e, para a Fase 2, alpha = 0,74, demonstrando confiabilidade nos instrumentos. Conclusão Os resultados sugerem adequação quanto à validação de conteúdo dos sinais criados para ambas as faixas etárias.

The aim of this study was to estimate the reliability, validity and factorial invariance of the Portuguese version of the Geriatric/General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) as applied to Brazilian women. A total 701 women over 18 years of age participated in this study. Telephone interviews were conducted. We evaluated the construct-related validity through factorial, convergent and discriminant validity. We carried out a confirmatory factor analysis using the χ2/df, CFI, GFI and RMSEA indexes. The invariance of the model in a second independent sample was estimated by multi-group analysis and internal consistency using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Items 5 and 9 presented factor weights below the adequate value and were removed. The three-dimensional and unifactorial model presented an adequate fit. We observed strong factorial invariance of the models in two independent samples (three-factor: ρλ = 0.62; pCov = 0.89, one-factor: ρλ = 0.81; pCov = 0.68) and weak factorial invariance between users and nonusers of dental prosthetics (three-factor: ρλ = 0.55; pCov = 0.01, one-factor: ρλ = 0.51; pCov = 0.02). The convergent validity was suboptimal. Internal consistency was adequate. The GOHAI applied to the study sample showed adequate reliability, factorial validity and stability in independent samples and between users and nonusers of dental prosthetics in both the three-dimensional and the unifactorial structures.

The aim of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of the Fonseca Anamnestic Index (IAF), used to assess the severity of temporomandibular disorders, applied to Brazilian women. We used a probabilistic sampling design. The participants were 700 women over 18 years of age, living in the city of Araraquara (SP). The IAF questionnaire was applied by telephone interviews. We conducted Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) using Chi-Square Over Degrees of Freedom (χ2/df), Comparative Fit Index (CFI), Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI), and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) as goodness of fit indices. We calculated the convergent validity, the average variance extracted (AVE) and the composite reliability (CR). Internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α).The factorial weights of questions 8 and 10 were below the adequate values. Thus, we refined the original model and these questions were excluded. The resulting factorial model showed appropriate goodness of fit to the sample (χ2/df = 3.319, CFI = 0.978, TLI = 0.967, RMSEA = 0.058). The convergent validity (AVE = 0.513, CR = 0.878) and internal consistency (α = 0.745) were adequate. The reduced IAF version showed adequate validity and reliability in a sample of Brazilian women.

Introduction: Self-learning guides constitute a pedagogical strategy that permits addressing and integrating the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of nurses in training. Objective: The objective was to validate the selflearning guides from the procedures and simulation laboratory of the Nursing Program at Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia. Materials and Methods: Face and content validity was conducted on 40 guides by the committee of experts based on the educational material evaluation guide by the Pan-American Health Organization. Results: Half the guides require adjustments in structure, presentation, and images. According to expert judgment, 50% of the guides obtained a content validity index (CVI) score above 0.6, which indicates that the process of design and content elaboration is pertinent for self-learning by nursing students; 16 guides corresponded to scores between 0.64 and 0.8, that is, a good validity with the need to adjust the aspects evaluated and four guides obtained CVI scores above 0.8, that is, very good validity. Discussion: Evaluation of the guides constructed and evaluated is fundamental to facilitate learning and improve clinical skills and knowledge, both for the practice in scenarios and for the future professional performance. Conclusions: Face and content validity of educational material for current use of clinical simulation requires evaluation and methodological processes based on motivating pedagogies within a context of autonomous learning that is also close to reality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To compare direct and self-reported anthropometry in Mexican women. Materials and methods. Women aged 30-72 years, participating in the Mexican Teachers' Cohort, completed a questionnaire with their anthropometric data in 2006-2008. After eleven months (median time), technicians performed anthropometry in 3 756 participants. We calculated correlations and multivariable-adjusted mean differences between direct and self-reported anthropometric measures. Results. Correlations between direct and self-reported anthropometric measures ranged from 0.78 (waist circumference) to 0.93 (weight). On average, women over-reported their height by 2.2 cm and underreported their weight, body mass index (BMI) and waist and hip circumferences by 1.3 kg, 1.3 kg/m2, 1.8 cm and 1.9 cm, respectively. Errors in self-reported anthropometry increased with rising measured BMI and were also independently associated with age, education and socioeconomic status. Conclusion. Self-reported anthropometry is sufficiently valid for epidemiological purposes in adult Mexican women. Errors in self-reported anthropometry might result in underestimation of the prevalence of overweight and obesity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Biomédica: Revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud of Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To verify the correlation between the areas evaluated by the Brunet-Lézine and the Bayley III scales of preterm infants up to two years. Methods: The study included 88 children who were divided into 3 groups: Group 1 (1 month to 5 months and 29 days of corrected chronological ages - CCA) with 32 children; Group 2 (6 months to 11 months and 29 days of CCA) with 36 participants; and Group 3 (18-23 months and 23 days of CCA) with 20 children. The concurrent validity of the Brunet-Lézine scale and the Bayley III scale was calculated using the Pearson correlation or its nonparametric version, the Spearman correlation. Results: Group 1 showed moderate correlation between the developmental quotient for hand‑eye and fine motor coordination (DQE), and fine motor score (ρ=0.448; p=0.01). Group 2 had moderate correlation between the developmental quotient for posture and gross motor function (DQP), and the gross motor score (ρ=0.484; p=0.003, between the DQE and fine motor score (r=0.489; p=0.002), and between the developmental quotient for social reactions (DQS) and the socio emotional score (r=0.435; p=0.008). Group 3 showed moderate correlation between the DQP and the gross motor score (ρ=0.468; p=0.037) and strong correlation between developmental quotient for language (DQL) and the score of language (r=0.890; p<0.001). Conclusions: The Brunet-Lézine scale showed strong correlation with the Bayley III scale regarding the language domain in Group 3, suggesting its validity to assess the language of children aged between 18 and 24 months. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Belief in a just world (BJW) has allowed for the comprehension of a series of social phenomena, which has lead to the development of measures for its measurement. The present article has the aim to present evidence of validity for a Portuguese version of Personal BJW Scale (BJW-P). 146 participants, most of them women (69%), with ages varying from 17 to 66 years (M = 27.79, DP = 13.67) answered PBJWP scale, four other scales (BJW-global, self-esteem, well-being, religiosity) for the convergent validity test and informed socio-demographic data. As in the original study, a uni-factorial solution and satisfactory internal consistency (α = 0.83) were found. Additionally, as expected, positive relations were found between PBJW and GBJW, self-esteem, and well-being, but only marginally significant with religiosity. Furthermore, positive relations of PBJW with income, as well as education, were found. The adapted version seems useful for research purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: to assess the concurrent validity of kyphosis index measured in the flexicurve from the correlation of X-rays exams, identifying its accuracy and to assess the thoracic spine in children and young people. Methods: 31 young people at an average age of 11.1±3.4 years were evaluated by digital x-rays: (1) Cobb angle (ÂngCobb), (2) Kyphosis index (KIX), and (3) KIX angle (ÂngKIX). These were measured from the flexicurve design on the millimetric graph paper: (1) Kyphosis index (KIFint), obtained from C7 the intersection of kyphosis-lordosis, (2) Kyphosis index (KIFT12), obtained between C7 and T12, and (3) Kyphosis angle (ÂngKIFint and ÂngKIFT12). Statistical analysis: Correlation to Pearson Moment-Product and t test (<0.05). Results: the angular values (ÂngKIFint, ÂngKIFT12, ÂngKIX) were underestimated in relation to Cobb angle (p<0.05), correlating only to KIX angle and Cobb angle [r=0.698, p<0.001]. The linear values (KIFint, KIFT12, KIX) were similar (p>0.05) among themselves, correlating only to KIX and Cobb angle [r=0.698, p<0.001] and KIX angle and KIX [r=1; p<0.001]. Conclusions: the KIX and KIX angle presented as an accurate method and valid to be used in the thoracic kyphosis assessment, although KIFint, KIFT12, KIFint angle and KIFT12 angle showed no correlation to the gold standard and not being indicated to assess the thoracic kyphosis in children and young people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]