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1. Temperature-dependent tensile properties of polyamide 12 for the use in percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty balloon catheters

Author: Amstutz, C., Weisse, B., Valet, S., Haeberlin, A., Burger, J., and Zurbuchen, A.
Published: 2021
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2. Non-intuitive fracture pattern of a failed crane-hanger: A fracture mechanics-based explanation

Author: Piskoty, G., Michel, S.A., Valet, S., Koster, M., Sauder, M., and Schindler, H.J.
Published: 2015
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3. Targeting IL-17A in multiple myeloma: a potential novel therapeutic approach in myeloma

Author: Prabhala, R H, Fulciniti, M, Pelluru, D, Rashid, N, Nigroiu, A, Nanjappa, P, Pai, C, Lee, S, Prabhala, N S, Bandi, R L, Smith, R, Lazo-Kallanian, S B, Valet, S, Raje, N, Gold, J S, Richardson, P G, Daley, J F, Anderson, K C, Ettenberg, S A, Di Padova, F, and Munshi, N C
Published: 2016
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4. Accident caused by dynamic overloading of a ship mooring rope

Author: Valet, S., Piskoty, G., Michel, S., Affolter, Ch., and Beer, M.
Published: 2013
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5. Demonstration of reduced neoclassical energy transport in Wendelstein 7-X

Author: W7-X Team, Beidler, C. D., Smith, H. M., Alonso, A., Andreeva, T., Baldzuhn, J., Beurskens, M. N. A., Borchardt, M., Bozhenkov, S. A., Brunner, K. J., Damm, H., Drevlak, M., Ford, O. P., Fuchert, G., Geiger, J., Helander, P., Hergenhahn, U., Hirsch, M., Höfel, U., Kazakov, Ye. O., Kleiber, R., Krychowiak, M., Kwak, S., Langenberg, A., Laqua, H. P., Neuner, U., Pablant, N. A., Pasch, E., Pavone, A., Pedersen, T. S., Rahbarnia, K., Schilling, J., Scott, E. R., Stange, T., Svensson, J., Thomsen, H., Turkin, Y., Warmer, F., Wolf, R. C., Zhang, D., Abramovic, I., Äkäslompolo, S., Alcusón, J., Aleynikov, P., Aleynikova, K., Ali, A., Anda, G., Ascasibar, E., Bähner, J. P., Baek, S. G., Balden, M., Banduch, M., Barbui, T., Behr, W., Benndorf, A., Biedermann, C., Biel, W., Blackwell, B., Blanco, E., Blatzheim, M., Ballinger, S., Bluhm, T., Böckenhoff, D., Böswirth, B., Böttger, L.-G., Borsuk, V., Boscary, J., Bosch, H.-S., Brakel, R., Brand, H., Brandt, C., Bräuer, T., Braune, H., Brezinsek, S., Brunner, K.-J., Burhenn, R., Bussiahn, R., Buttenschön, B., Bykov, V., Cai, J., Calvo, I., Cannas, B., Cappa, A., Carls, A., Carraro, L., Carvalho, B., Castejon, F., Charl, A., Chaudhary, N., Chauvin, D., Chernyshev, F., Cianciosa, M., Citarella, R., Claps, G., Coenen, J., Cole, M., Cole, M. J., Cordella, F., Cseh, G., Czarnecka, A., Czerski, K., Czerwinski, M., Czymek, G., Molin, A. da, Silva, A. da, Pena, A. de la, Degenkolbe, S., Dhard, C. P., Dibon, M., Dinklage, A., Dittmar, T., Drewelow, P., Drews, P., Durodie, F., Edlund, E., Effenberg, F., Ehrke, G., Elgeti, S., Endler, M., Ennis, D., Esteban, H., Estrada, T., Fellinger, J., Feng, Y., Flom, E., Fernandes, H., Fietz, W. H., Figacz, W., Fontdecaba, J., Fornal, T., Frerichs, H., Freund, A., Funaba, T., Galkowski, A., Gantenbein, G., Gao, Y., García Regaña, J., Gates, D., Geiger, B., Giannella, V., Gogoleva, A., Goncalves, B., Goriaev, A., Gradic, D., Grahl, M., Green, J., Greuner, H., Grosman, A., Grote, H., Gruca, M., Grulke, O., Guerard, C., Hacker, P., Han, X., Harris, J. H., Hartmann, D., Hathiramani, D., Hein, B., Heinemann, B., Henneberg, S., Henkel, M., Hernandez Sanchez, J., Hidalgo, C., Hollfeld, K. P., Hölting, A., Höschen, D., Houry, M., Howard, J., Huang, X., Huang, Z., Hubeny, M., Huber, M., Hunger, H., Ida, K., Ilkei, T., Illy, S., Israeli, B., Jablonski, S., Jakubowski, M., Jelonnek, J., Jenzsch, H., Jesche, T., Jia, M., Junghanns, P., Kacmarczyk, J., Kallmeyer, J.-P., Kamionka, U., Kasahara, H., Kasparek, W., Kenmochi, N., Killer, C., Kirschner, A., Klinger, T., Knauer, J., Knaup, M., Knieps, A., Kobarg, T., Kocsis, G., Köchl, F., Kolesnichenko, Y., Könies, A., König, R., Kornejew, P., Koschinsky, J.-P., Köster, F., Krämer, M., Krampitz, R., Krämer-Flecken, A., Krawczyk, N., Kremeyer, T., Krom, J., Ksiazek, I., Kubkowska, M., Kühner, G., Kurki-Suonio, T., Kurz, P. A., Landreman, M., Lang, P., Lang, R., Langish, S., Laqua, H., Laube, R., Lazerson, S., Lechte, C., Lennartz, M., Leonhardt, W., Li, C., Li, Y., Liang, Y., Linsmeier, C., Liu, S., Lobsien, J.-F., Loesser, D., Loizu Cisquella, J., Lore, J., Lorenz, A., Losert, M., Lücke, A., Lumsdaine, A., Lutsenko, V., Maaßberg, H., Marchuk, O., Matthew, J. H., Marsen, S., Marushchenko, M., Masuzaki, S., Maurer, D., Mayer, M., McCarthy, K., McNeely, P., Meier, A., Mellein, D., Mendelevitch, B., Mertens, P., Mikkelsen, D., Mishchenko, A., Missal, B., Mittelstaedt, J., Mizuuchi, T., Mollen, A., Moncada, V., Mönnich, T., Morisaki, T., Moseev, D., Murakami, S., Náfrádi, G., Nagel, M., Naujoks, D., Neilson, H., Neu, R., Neubauer, O., Ngo, T., Nicolai, D., Nielsen, S. K., Niemann, H., Nishizawa, T., Nocentini, R., Nührenberg, C., Nührenberg, J., Obermayer, S., Offermanns, G., Ogawa, K., Ölmanns, J., Ongena, J., Oosterbeek, J. W., Orozco, G., Otte, M., Pacios Rodriguez, L., Panadero, N., Panadero Alvarez, N., Papenfuß, D., Paqay, S., Pawelec, E., Pelka, G., Perseo, V., Peterson, B., Pilopp, D., Pingel, S., Pisano, F., Plaum, B., Plunk, G., Pölöskei, P., Porkolab, M., Proll, J., Puiatti, M.-E., Puig Sitjes, A., Purps, F., Rack, M., Récsei, S., Reiman, A., Reimold, F., Reiter, D., Remppel, F., Renard, S., Riedl, R., Riemann, J., Risse, K., Rohde, V., Röhlinger, H., Romé, M., Rondeshagen, D., Rong, P., Roth, B., Rudischhauser, L., Rummel, K., Rummel, T., Runov, A., Rust, N., Ryc, L., Ryosuke, S., Sakamoto, R., Salewski, M., Samartsev, A., Sanchez, M., Sano, F., Satake, S., Schacht, J., Satheeswaran, G., Schauer, F., Scherer, T., Schlaich, A., Schlisio, G., Schluck, F., Schlüter, K.-H., Schmitt, J., Schmitz, H., Schmitz, O., Schmuck, S., Schneider, M., Schneider, W., Scholz, P., Schrittwieser, R., Schröder, M., Schröder, T., Schroeder, R., Schumacher, H., Schweer, B., Sereda, S., Shanahan, B., Sibilia, M., Sinha, P., Sipliä, S., Slaby, C., Sleczka, M., Spiess, W., Spong, D. A., Spring, A., Stadler, R., Stejner, M., Stephey, L., Stridde, U., Suzuki, C., Szabó, V., Szabolics, T., Szepesi, T., Szökefalvi-Nagy, Z., Tamura, N., Tancetti, A., Terry, J., Thomas, J., Thumm, M., Travere, J. M., Traverso, P., Tretter, J., Trimino Mora, H., Tsuchiya, H., Tsujimura, T., Tulipán, S., Unterberg, B., Vakulchyk, I., Valet, S., Vanó, L., Eeten, P. van, Milligen, B. van, Vuuren, A. J. van, Vela, L., Velasco, J.-L., Vergote, M., Vervier, M., Vianello, N., Viebke, H., Vilbrandt, R., Stechow, A. von, Vorköper, A., Wadle, S., Wagner, F., Wang, E., Wang, N., Wang, Z., Wauters, T., Wegener, L., Weggen, J., Wegner, T., Wei, Y., Weir, G., Wendorf, J., Wenzel, U., Werner, A., White, A., Wiegel, B., Wilde, F., Windisch, T., Winkler, M., Winter, A., Winters, V., Wolf, S., Wright, A., Wurden, G., Xanthopoulos, P., Yamada, H., Yamada, I., Yasuhara, R., Yokoyama, M., Zanini, M., Zarnstorff, M., Zeitler, A., Zhang, H., Zhu, J., Zilker, M., Zocco, A., Zoletnik, S., Zuin, M., W7-X Team, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Max Planck Society, Applied Physics and Science Education, Science and Technology of Nuclear Fusion, Turbulence in Fusion Plasmas, and European Commission
Subjects: Magnetically Confined Plasmas, Tokamak, Design, Helias, Nuclear engineering, Magnetically confined plasmas, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Article, Plasma physics, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, law, Physics::Plasma Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear fusion, 010306 general physics, Engineering & allied operations, Stellarator, Physics, Plasma fusion, Multidisciplinary, Toroid, biology, Plasma Physics, Física, Magnetic confinement fusion, Plasma, biology.organism_classification, Energía Nuclear, ddc:620, Wendelstein 7-X
Abstract: Research on magnetic confinement of high-temperature plasmas has the ultimate goal of harnessing nuclear fusion for the production of electricity. Although the tokamak1 is the leading toroidal magnetic-confinement concept, it is not without shortcomings and the fusion community has therefore also pursued alternative concepts such as the stellarator. Unlike axisymmetric tokamaks, stellarators possess a three-dimensional (3D) magnetic field geometry. The availability of this additional dimension opens up an extensive configuration space for computational optimization of both the field geometry itself and the current-carrying coils that produce it. Such an optimization was undertaken in designing Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X)2, a large helical-axis advanced stellarator (HELIAS), which began operation in 2015 at Greifswald, Germany. A major drawback of 3D magnetic field geometry, however, is that it introduces a strong temperature dependence into the stellarator’s non-turbulent ‘neoclassical’ energy transport. Indeed, such energy losses will become prohibitive in high-temperature reactor plasmas unless a strong reduction of the geometrical factor associated with this transport can be achieved; such a reduction was therefore a principal goal of the design of W7-X. In spite of the modest heating power currently available, W7-X has already been able to achieve high-temperature plasma conditions during its 2017 and 2018 experimental campaigns, producing record values of the fusion triple product for such stellarator plasmas3,4. The triple product of plasma density, ion temperature and energy confinement time is used in fusion research as a figure of merit, as it must attain a certain threshold value before net-energy-producing operation of a reactor becomes possible1,5. Here we demonstrate that such record values provide evidence for reduced neoclassical energy transport in W7-X, as the plasma profiles that produced these results could not have been obtained in stellarators lacking a comparably high level of neoclassical optimization., Previously documented record values of the fusion triple product in the stellarator Wendelstein 7-X are shown to be evidence for reduced neoclassical energy transport in this optimized device.
Published: 2021
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6. Publisher Correction: Demonstration of reduced neoclassical energy transport in Wendelstein 7-X

Author: Beidler, C. D., Smith, H. M., Alonso, A., Andreeva, T., Baldzuhn, J., Beurskens, M. N. A., Borchardt, M., Bozhenkov, S. A., Brunner, K. J., Damm, H., Drevlak, M., Ford, O. P., Fuchert, G., Geiger, J., Helander, P., Hergenhahn, U., Hirsch, M., H��fel, U., Kazakov, Ye. O., Kleiber, R., Krychowiak, M., Kwak, S., Langenberg, A., Laqua, H. P., Neuner, U., Pablant, N. A., Pasch, E., Pavone, A., Pedersen, T. S., Rahbarnia, K., Schilling, J., Scott, E. R., Stange, T., Svensson, J., Thomsen, H., Turkin, Y., Warmer, F., Wolf, R. C., Zhang, D., Abramovic, I., ��k��slompolo, S., Alcus��n, J., Aleynikov, P., Aleynikova, K., Ali, A., Anda, G., Ascasibar, E., B��hner, J. P., Baek, S. G., Balden, M., Banduch, M., Barbui, T., Behr, W., Benndorf, A., Biedermann, C., Biel, W., Blackwell, B., Blanco, E., Blatzheim, M., Ballinger, S., Bluhm, T., B��ckenhoff, D., B��swirth, B., B��ttger, L.-G., Borsuk, V., Boscary, J., Bosch, H.-S., Brakel, R., Brand, H., Brandt, C., Br��uer, T., Braune, H., Brezinsek, S., Brunner, K.-J., Burhenn, R., Bussiahn, R., Buttensch��n, B., Bykov, V., Cai, J., Calvo, I., Cannas, B., Cappa, A., Carls, A., Carraro, L., Carvalho, B., Castejon, F., Charl, A., Chaudhary, N., Chauvin, D., Chernyshev, F., Cianciosa, M., Citarella, R., Claps, G., Coenen, J., Cole, M., Cole, M. J., Cordella, F., Cseh, G., Czarnecka, A., Czerski, K., Czerwinski, M., Czymek, G., Da Molin, A., Da Silva, A., De La Pena, A., Degenkolbe, S., Dhard, C. P., Dibon, M., Dinklage, A., Dittmar, T., Drewelow, P., Drews, P., Durodie, F., Edlund, E., Effenberg, F., Ehrke, G., Elgeti, S., Endler, M., Ennis, D., Esteban, H., Estrada, T., Fellinger, J., Feng, Y., Flom, E., Fernandes, H., Fietz, W. H., Figacz, W., Fontdecaba, J., Fornal, T., Frerichs, H., Freund, A., Funaba, T., Galkowski, A., Gantenbein, G., Gao, Y., Garc��a Rega��a, J., Gates, D., Geiger, B., Giannella, V., Gogoleva, A., Goncalves, B., Goriaev, A., Gradic, D., Grahl, M., Green, J., Greuner, H., Grosman, A., Grote, H., Gruca, M., Grulke, O., Guerard, C., Hacker, P., Han, X., Harris, J. H., Hartmann, D., Hathiramani, D., Hein, B., Heinemann, B., Henneberg, S., Henkel, M., Hernandez Sanchez, J., Hidalgo, C., Hollfeld, K. P., H��lting, A., H��schen, D., Houry, M., Howard, J., Huang, X., Huang, Z., Hubeny, M., Huber, M., Hunger, H., Ida, K., Ilkei, T., Illy, S., Israeli, B., Jablonski, S., Jakubowski, M., Jelonnek, J., Jenzsch, H., Jesche, T., Jia, M., Junghanns, P., Kacmarczyk, J., Kallmeyer, J.-P., Kamionka, U., Kasahara, H., Kasparek, W., Kenmochi, N., Killer, C., Kirschner, A., Klinger, T., Knauer, J., Knaup, M., Knieps, A., Kobarg, T., Kocsis, G., K��chl, F., Kolesnichenko, Y., K��nies, A., K��nig, R., Kornejew, P., Koschinsky, J.-P., K��ster, F., Kr��mer, M., Krampitz, R., Kr��mer-Flecken, A., Krawczyk, N., Kremeyer, T., Krom, J., Ksiazek, I., Kubkowska, M., K��hner, G., Kurki-Suonio, T., Kurz, P. A., Landreman, M., Lang, P., Lang, R., Langish, S., Laqua, H., Laube, R., Lazerson, S., Lechte, C., Lennartz, M., Leonhardt, W., Li, C., Li, Y., Liang, Y., Linsmeier, C., Liu, S., Lobsien, J.-F., Loesser, D., Loizu Cisquella, J., Lore, J., Lorenz, A., Losert, M., L��cke, A., Lumsdaine, A., Lutsenko, V., Maa��berg, H., Marchuk, O., Matthew, J. H., Marsen, S., Marushchenko, M., Masuzaki, S., Maurer, D., Mayer, M., McCarthy, K., McNeely, P., Meier, A., Mellein, D., Mendelevitch, B., Mertens, P., Mikkelsen, D., Mishchenko, A., Missal, B., Mittelstaedt, J., Mizuuchi, T., Mollen, A., Moncada, V., M��nnich, T., Morisaki, T., Moseev, D., Murakami, S., N��fr��di, G., Nagel, M., Naujoks, D., Neilson, H., Neu, R., Neubauer, O., Ngo, T., Nicolai, D., Nielsen, S. K., Niemann, H., Nishizawa, T., Nocentini, R., N��hrenberg, C., N��hrenberg, J., Obermayer, S., Offermanns, G., Ogawa, K., ��lmanns, J., Ongena, J., Oosterbeek, J. W., Orozco, G., Otte, M., Pacios Rodriguez, L., Panadero, N., Panadero Alvarez, N., Papenfu��, D., Paqay, S., Pawelec, E., Pelka, G., Perseo, V., Peterson, B., Pilopp, D., Pingel, S., Pisano, F., Plaum, B., Plunk, G., P��l��skei, P., Porkolab, M., Proll, J., Puiatti, M.-E., Puig Sitjes, A., Purps, F., Rack, M., R��csei, S., Reiman, A., Reimold, F., Reiter, D., Remppel, F., Renard, S., Riedl, R., Riemann, J., Risse, K., Rohde, V., R��hlinger, H., Rom��, M., Rondeshagen, D., Rong, P., Roth, B., Rudischhauser, L., Rummel, K., Rummel, T., Runov, A., Rust, N., Ryc, L., Ryosuke, S., Sakamoto, R., Salewski, M., Samartsev, A., S��nchez, E., Sano, F., Satake, S., Schacht, J., Satheeswaran, G., Schauer, F., Scherer, T., Schlaich, A., Schlisio, G., Schluck, F., Schl��ter, K.-H., Schmitt, J., Schmitz, H., Schmitz, O., Schmuck, S., Schneider, M., Schneider, W., Scholz, P., Schrittwieser, R., Schr��der, M., Schr��der, T., Schroeder, R., Schumacher, H., Schweer, B., Sereda, S., Shanahan, B., Sibilia, M., Sinha, P., Sipli��, S., Slaby, C., Sleczka, M., Spiess, W., Spong, D. A., Spring, A., Stadler, R., Stejner, M., Stephey, L., Stridde, U., Suzuki, C., Szab��, V., Szabolics, T., Szepesi, T., Sz��kefalvi-Nagy, Z., Tamura, N., Tancetti, A., Terry, J., Thomas, J., Thumm, M., Travere, J. M., Traverso, P., Tretter, J., Trimino Mora, H., Tsuchiya, H., Tsujimura, T., Tulip��n, S., Unterberg, B., Vakulchyk, I., Valet, S., Van��, L., Van Eeten, P., Van Milligen, B., Van Vuuren, A. J., Vela, L., Velasco, J.-L., Vergote, M., Vervier, M., Vianello, N., Viebke, H., Vilbrandt, R., Von Stechow, A., Vork��per, A., Wadle, S., Wagner, F., Wang, E., Wang, N., Wang, Z., Wauters, T., Wegener, L., Weggen, J., Wegner, T., Wei, Y., Weir, G., Wendorf, J., Wenzel, U., Werner, A., White, A., Wiegel, B., Wilde, F., Windisch, T., Winkler, M., Winter, A., Winters, V., Wolf, S., Wright, A., Wurden, G., Xanthopoulos, P., Yamada, H., Yamada, I., Yasuhara, R., Yokoyama, M., Zanini, M., Zarnstorff, M., Zeitler, A., Zhang, H., Zhu, J., Zilker, M., Zocco, A., Zoletnik, S., and Zuin, M.
Subjects: Chemical engineering, ddc:660
Published: 2021

7. Les cultures associées traditionnelles multistratifiées : une technique biophysique empirique d’exploitation écologique et de protection de l’environnement (Montagnes de l’Ouest Cameroun)

Author: Valet, S., primary
Published: 2012
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8. Preparation of W7-X CoDaC for OP2

Author: Winter, A., primary, Bluhm, T., additional, Bosch, H.-S., additional, Brandt, K., additional, Dumke, S., additional, Grahl, M., additional, Grun, M., additional, Holtz, A., additional, Laqua, H., additional, Lewerentz, M., additional, Makowski, D., additional, Pingel, S., additional, Riemann, H., additional, Schacht, J., additional, Schaumann, K., additional, Spring, A., additional, and Valet, S., additional
Published: 2020
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9. Les cultures associées traditionnelles multistratifiées : une technique biophysique empirique d’exploitation écologique et de protection de l’environnement (Montagnes de l’Ouest Cameroun)

Author: Valet, S.
Subjects: aggradation des sols, région tropicale, sol, systèmes traditionnels innovants, traditional innovating mixed/inter cropping, érosion, erosion struggle, soil aggradation, service antiérosifs, multiple services, POL044000, biodiversité, pluies cycloniques, Cameroun, biomasse, Cameroon, RND, associations culturales, biodiversity
Abstract: Les cultures associées multi stratifiées et en relais qui incluent les haies et l’agroforesterie sont pratiquées sur tous les continents en toutes conditions pédoclimatiques et géomorphologiques. Les paysans augmentent le nombre et la densité des espèces du climat tempéré/sahélien (P=500mm) au climat équatorial (P=2000mm) en fonction de la fertilité des sols et de la géomorphologie. Ces associations constituent des mailles unitaires agro bio physiques qui ont été conceptualisées empiriquement à différentes échelles : disposition ordonnée ou non sur billon ; variation qualitative et quantitative des espèces en fonction de la qualité des sols des paysages agro géologiques. Cet assemblage offre un ensemble de services écologiques : biologiques, physiques, hydriques et nutritionnels complexes qui renforcent l’aggradation des sols. Il réduit naturellement le risque d’érosion et du stress hydrique, économise les intrants, assure la biodiversité et les besoins divers familiaux dont la nutrition et les revenus supérieurs à ceux des systèmes mono, bi et tri spécifiques. Il reste à concevoir le « mariage symbiotique » des savoirs empiriques paysans logiques et stratégiques des paysan(ne)s et « des savoirs savants » analytiques et prédictifs des scientifiques pour une agronomie écologique, soutenue, compétitive évoluant avec celle des contraintes socio-éco-climatiques. The multi specific and multi stratified mixed cropping which include the agroforestry and the quick hedges are practiced on large surfaces in the world according to every pedoclimatic and geomorphologic conditions. The paysants increase the species number and the density from temperate/Sahelian (R=500mm) to tropical climate (R=2000mm) according to the soil fertility and geomorphology. These mixed cropping form agrobiophysical unitarian stitches which are thought empirically at different scales : mixed or inter dispositions, species qualified and quantified variation according to soil quality in the different agro geological landscapes. These associations offer a quantity of complex ecological services : biological, hydric, nutritional… It is necessary to conceive a symbiotical links between the logical and strategical “paysant empirical knowledge” with the analytical and predictif “scientist knowledge” for an ecological, sustainable, and competitive agriculture which evolve with the evolving of the socio-economist constraints.
Published: 2018

10. Lutte antiérosive

Author: Abdou, Moussa Malam, Achard, Raphaël, Albrecht, Alain, Amia, Florence, Andriamampianina, Nicolas, Andriambelomanga, Edmond, Andriamihamina, Mparany, Anselme, Wakponou, Arabi, Mourad, Aristazabal, A. F., Assako, René Assako, Bachir, Abba, Báez, Aurelio, Banidol, Jean-José, Barrios, Jose Luis Gonzalez, Barthès, Bernard, Bayard, R., Bellande, Alex, Benmansour, Malika, Bisiaux, Franck, Bitom, Dieudonné, Blanchart, Éric, Bo, Nguyen Van, Boughalem, M., Boughalem, Mostafia, Bray, Xavier, Bricquet, Jean-Pierre, Brochet, Michel, Cheggour, Aouatif, Clément, Floriane, Clossy, Saintil, Delerue, Florian, Descroix, Luc, De Noni, Georges, Diallo, Drissa, Diatta, Malaïny, Dorel, Marc, Douzet, Jean-Marie, Duchaufour, H., Duchaufour, Hervé, Dugue, P., Dumay, Frédéric, Emmanuel, E., Etchevers, Jorge, Faye, Elhadji, Gbaraneh, L. D., Graaff, Jan de, Gresser, Julie, Grouzis, Michel, Ha, Pham Quang, Habi, Mohammed, Hermelin, M., Hidalgo, Claudia, Hien, E., Hubert, Antoine, Ikpe, F. N., J-C.(✝)Fernandes, Jean Denis, S., Joseph, Deckers, Jos Mulamba, Jean-Pierre, Jouquet, Pascal, Kabore, W.T., Kaci, O., Khamsouk, Bounmanh Benoît, König, Dieter, Kübler, Daniel, Lacour, J., Laraque, Alain, La Foye, François-Xavier De, Leumbe, Olivier Leumbe, Le Breton, Eric, Lilin, Charles, Lindsay, Joseph, M.Trandji, Mainguet, Monique, Mamadou, Ibrahim, Martin, Claude, Masse, D., Max, Reyal, Mazour, M., Mazour, Mohamed, Mengome-Ango, Armand-Yvon, Mikokoro, C., Morsli, B., Morsli, Boutkhil, Moussa, Ibrahim Bouzou, Moussadek, Rachid, Mrabet, Rachid, Muliele, Jean-Claude, Ndayizigiye, François, Nguyen Van, Thiet, Nivet, Anne-Claire, Noni, Georges De, Oddi, Anaïs, Omoko, Michel, Orange, Didier, Peltier, Régis, Perez, Pascal, Pham Quang, Ha, Phuong, Nguyen Duy, Pomel, Simon, Prat, Christian, Pressoir, Gaël, Rabeharisoa, Lilia, Rakotonirina, Lovatiana Albert, Randriamboavonjy, Jean-Chrysostôme, Rangon, Luc, Ratsivalaka, Simone, Ratsivalaka, Simone Randriamanga, Razafindrakoto, Marie Antoinette, Razafindramanana Norosoa, Christine, Rishirumuhirwa, Théodomir, Rocle, Nicolas, Roel, Merckx, Roose, Éric, Sabir, Mohamed, Salhi, B., Schneider, Frank, Seh Ngoun, Emmanuel, Seignobos, Christian, Seladji, A., Serpantié, Georges, Shuku Onemba, Nicolas, Simon, Serge, Simonneaux, Vincent, Smucker, Glenn R., Tchotsoua, Michel, Thébé, Bernard, Toan, Tran Duc, Trujillo, German, Valet, S., Valet, Serge, Vandeplas, Isabelle, Vanlauwe, Bernard, Vermande, P., Walker, Marcia, Wiesinger, Thea-Katharina, Yameogo, Siaka, Yéro, Kadidiatou Souley, Zaagane, M., Zekri-Bellahcene, N., Roose, Éric, Duchaufour, Hervé, and De Noni, Georges
Subjects: région tropicale, pluies cycloniques, sol, Environmental studies, Geography & Development, biomasse, érosion, RND, POL044000
Abstract: Face à la pression démographique et foncière dans les pays en développement, la productivité des terres connaît actuellement une forte baisse dans de nombreuses régions tropicales. Par ailleurs, la succession rapprochée des tempêtes cycloniques entraîne l'appauvrissement extrême de certaines populations du fait de la dégradation des terres et des inondations des plaines où se développent les principales agglomérations. Telles sont les problématiques étudiées par l'IRD et le réseau Érosion de l'AUF dont ce CD présente les derniers travaux. Initialement réunies dans la perspective d'un colloque à Haïti (annulé suite au séisme de 2010), les contributions publiées ici portent sur des études de cas à Haïti, mais aussi à Madagascar, au Maghreb ou au Vietnam, soit au total une soixantaine de communications et une série de documents récents issus des réflexions des experts. Structuré en six thèmes, ce CD constitue ainsi une source bibliographique précieuse pour les décideurs, les experts, les ONG, les acteurs de la société civile et les chercheurs concernés par la gestion durable de l'eau et la restauration de la productivité des sols (GCES).
Published: 2018

11. Overview of first Wendelstein 7-X high-performance operation

Author: Klinger, T., primary, Andreeva, T., additional, Bozhenkov, S., additional, Brandt, C., additional, Burhenn, R., additional, Buttenschön, B., additional, Fuchert, G., additional, Geiger, B., additional, Grulke, O., additional, Laqua, H.P., additional, Pablant, N., additional, Rahbarnia, K., additional, Stange, T., additional, von Stechow, A., additional, Tamura, N., additional, Thomsen, H., additional, Turkin, Y., additional, Wegner, T., additional, Abramovic, I., additional, Äkäslompolo, S., additional, Alcuson, J., additional, Aleynikov, P., additional, Aleynikova, K., additional, Ali, A., additional, Alonso, A., additional, Anda, G., additional, Ascasibar, E., additional, Bähner, J.P., additional, Baek, S.G., additional, Balden, M., additional, Baldzuhn, J., additional, Banduch, M., additional, Barbui, T., additional, Behr, W., additional, Beidler, C., additional, Benndorf, A., additional, Biedermann, C., additional, Biel, W., additional, Blackwell, B., additional, Blanco, E., additional, Blatzheim, M., additional, Ballinger, S., additional, Bluhm, T., additional, Böckenhoff, D., additional, Böswirth, B., additional, Böttger, L.-G., additional, Borchardt, M., additional, Borsuk, V., additional, Boscary, J., additional, Bosch, H.-S., additional, Beurskens, M., additional, Brakel, R., additional, Brand, H., additional, Bräuer, T., additional, Braune, H., additional, Brezinsek, S., additional, Brunner, K.-J., additional, Bussiahn, R., additional, Bykov, V., additional, Cai, J., additional, Calvo, I., additional, Cannas, B., additional, Cappa, A., additional, Carls, A., additional, Carralero, D., additional, Carraro, L., additional, Carvalho, B., additional, Castejon, F., additional, Charl, A., additional, Chaudhary, N., additional, Chauvin, D., additional, Chernyshev, F., additional, Cianciosa, M., additional, Citarella, R., additional, Claps, G., additional, Coenen, J., additional, Cole, M., additional, Cole, M.J., additional, Cordella, F., additional, Cseh, G., additional, Czarnecka, A., additional, Czerski, K., additional, Czerwinski, M., additional, Czymek, G., additional, da Molin, A., additional, da Silva, A., additional, Damm, H., additional, de la Pena, A., additional, Degenkolbe, S., additional, Dhard, C.P., additional, Dibon, M., additional, Dinklage, A., additional, Dittmar, T., additional, Drevlak, M., additional, Drewelow, P., additional, Drews, P., additional, Durodie, F., additional, Edlund, E., additional, van Eeten, P., additional, Effenberg, F., additional, Ehrke, G., additional, Elgeti, S., additional, Endler, M., additional, Ennis, D., additional, Esteban, H., additional, Estrada, T., additional, Fellinger, J., additional, Feng, Y., additional, Flom, E., additional, Fernandes, H., additional, Fietz, W.H., additional, Figacz, W., additional, Fontdecaba, J., additional, Ford, O., additional, Fornal, T., additional, Frerichs, H., additional, Freund, A., additional, Funaba, T., additional, Galkowski, A., additional, Gantenbein, G., additional, Gao, Y., additional, García Regaña, J., additional, Gates, D., additional, Geiger, J., additional, Giannella, V., additional, Gogoleva, A., additional, Goncalves, B., additional, Goriaev, A., additional, Gradic, D., additional, Grahl, M., additional, Green, J., additional, Greuner, H., additional, Grosman, A., additional, Grote, H., additional, Gruca, M., additional, Guerard, C., additional, Hacker, P., additional, Han, X., additional, Harris, J.H., additional, Hartmann, D., additional, Hathiramani, D., additional, Hein, B., additional, Heinemann, B., additional, Helander, P., additional, Henneberg, S., additional, Henkel, M., additional, Hernandez Sanchez, J., additional, Hidalgo, C., additional, Hirsch, M., additional, Hollfeld, K.P., additional, Höfel, U., additional, Hölting, A., additional, Höschen, D., additional, Houry, M., additional, Howard, J., additional, Huang, X., additional, Huang, Z., additional, Hubeny, M., additional, Huber, M., additional, Hunger, H., additional, Ida, K., additional, Ilkei, T., additional, Illy, S., additional, Israeli, B., additional, Jablonski, S., additional, Jakubowski, M., additional, Jelonnek, J., additional, Jenzsch, H., additional, Jesche, T., additional, Jia, M., additional, Junghanns, P., additional, Kacmarczyk, J., additional, Kallmeyer, J.-P., additional, Kamionka, U., additional, Kasahara, H., additional, Kasparek, W., additional, Kazakov, Y.O., additional, Kenmochi, N., additional, Killer, C., additional, Kirschner, A., additional, Kleiber, R., additional, Knauer, J., additional, Knaup, M., additional, Knieps, A., additional, Kobarg, T., additional, Kocsis, G., additional, Köchl, F., additional, Kolesnichenko, Y., additional, Könies, A., additional, König, R., additional, Kornejew, P., additional, Koschinsky, J.-P., additional, Köster, F., additional, Krämer, M., additional, Krampitz, R., additional, Krämer-Flecken, A., additional, Krawczyk, N., additional, Kremeyer, T., additional, Krom, J., additional, Krychowiak, M., additional, Ksiazek, I., additional, Kubkowska, M., additional, Kühner, G., additional, Kurki-Suonio, T., additional, Kurz, P.A., additional, Kwak, S., additional, Landreman, M., additional, Lang, P., additional, Lang, R., additional, Langenberg, A., additional, Langish, S., additional, Laqua, H., additional, Laube, R., additional, Lazerson, S., additional, Lechte, C., additional, Lennartz, M., additional, Leonhardt, W., additional, Li, C., additional, Li, Y., additional, Liang, Y., additional, Linsmeier, C., additional, Liu, S., additional, Lobsien, J.-F., additional, Loesser, D., additional, Loizu Cisquella, J., additional, Lore, J., additional, Lorenz, A., additional, Losert, M., additional, Lücke, A., additional, Lumsdaine, A., additional, Lutsenko, V., additional, Maaßberg, H., additional, Marchuk, O., additional, Matthew, J.H., additional, Marsen, S., additional, Marushchenko, M., additional, Masuzaki, S., additional, Maurer, D., additional, Mayer, M., additional, McCarthy, K., additional, McNeely, P., additional, Meier, A., additional, Mellein, D., additional, Mendelevitch, B., additional, Mertens, P., additional, Mikkelsen, D., additional, Mishchenko, A., additional, Missal, B., additional, Mittelstaedt, J., additional, Mizuuchi, T., additional, Mollen, A., additional, Moncada, V., additional, Mönnich, T., additional, Morisaki, T., additional, Moseev, D., additional, Murakami, S., additional, Náfrádi, G., additional, Nagel, M., additional, Naujoks, D., additional, Neilson, H., additional, Neu, R., additional, Neubauer, O., additional, Neuner, U., additional, Ngo, T., additional, Nicolai, D., additional, Nielsen, S.K., additional, Niemann, H., additional, Nishizawa, T., additional, Nocentini, R., additional, Nührenberg, C., additional, Nührenberg, J., additional, Obermayer, S., additional, Offermanns, G., additional, Ogawa, K., additional, Ölmanns, J., additional, Ongena, J., additional, Oosterbeek, J.W., additional, Orozco, G., additional, Otte, M., additional, Pacios Rodriguez, L., additional, Panadero, N., additional, Panadero Alvarez, N., additional, Papenfuß, D., additional, Paqay, S., additional, Pasch, E., additional, Pavone, A., additional, Pawelec, E., additional, Pedersen, T.S., additional, Pelka, G., additional, Perseo, V., additional, Peterson, B., additional, Pilopp, D., additional, Pingel, S., additional, Pisano, F., additional, Plaum, B., additional, Plunk, G., additional, Pölöskei, P., additional, Porkolab, M., additional, Proll, J., additional, Puiatti, M.-E., additional, Puig Sitjes, A., additional, Purps, F., additional, Rack, M., additional, Récsei, S., additional, Reiman, A., additional, Reimold, F., additional, Reiter, D., additional, Remppel, F., additional, Renard, S., additional, Riedl, R., additional, Riemann, J., additional, Risse, K., additional, Rohde, V., additional, Röhlinger, H., additional, Romé, M., additional, Rondeshagen, D., additional, Rong, P., additional, Roth, B., additional, Rudischhauser, L., additional, Rummel, K., additional, Rummel, T., additional, Runov, A., additional, Rust, N., additional, Ryc, L., additional, Ryosuke, S., additional, Sakamoto, R., additional, Salewski, M., additional, Samartsev, A., additional, Sanchez, E., additional, Sano, F., additional, Satake, S., additional, Schacht, J., additional, Satheeswaran, G., additional, Schauer, F., additional, Scherer, T., additional, Schilling, J., additional, Schlaich, A., additional, Schlisio, G., additional, Schluck, F., additional, Schlüter, K.-H., additional, Schmitt, J., additional, Schmitz, H., additional, Schmitz, O., additional, Schmuck, S., additional, Schneider, M., additional, Schneider, W., additional, Scholz, P., additional, Schrittwieser, R., additional, Schröder, M., additional, Schröder, T., additional, Schroeder, R., additional, Schumacher, H., additional, Schweer, B., additional, Scott, E., additional, Sereda, S., additional, Shanahan, B., additional, Sibilia, M., additional, Sinha, P., additional, Sipliä, S., additional, Slaby, C., additional, Sleczka, M., additional, Smith, H., additional, Spiess, W., additional, Spong, D.A., additional, Spring, A., additional, Stadler, R., additional, Stejner, M., additional, Stephey, L., additional, Stridde, U., additional, Suzuki, C., additional, Svensson, J., additional, Szabó, V., additional, Szabolics, T., additional, Szepesi, T., additional, Szökefalvi-Nagy, Z., additional, Tancetti, A., additional, Terry, J., additional, Thomas, J., additional, Thumm, M., additional, Travere, J.M., additional, Traverso, P., additional, Tretter, J., additional, Trimino Mora, H., additional, Tsuchiya, H., additional, Tsujimura, T., additional, Tulipán, S., additional, Unterberg, B., additional, Vakulchyk, I., additional, Valet, S., additional, Vano, L., additional, van Milligen, B., additional, van Vuuren, A.J., additional, Vela, L., additional, Velasco, J.-L., additional, Vergote, M., additional, Vervier, M., additional, Vianello, N., additional, Viebke, H., additional, Vilbrandt, R., additional, Vorköper, A., additional, Wadle, S., additional, Wagner, F., additional, Wang, E., additional, Wang, N., additional, Wang, Z., additional, Warmer, F., additional, Wauters, T., additional, Wegener, L., additional, Weggen, J., additional, Wei, Y., additional, Weir, G., additional, Wendorf, J., additional, Wenzel, U., additional, Werner, A., additional, White, A., additional, Wiegel, B., additional, Wilde, F., additional, Windisch, T., additional, Winkler, M., additional, Winter, A., additional, Winters, V., additional, Wolf, S., additional, Wolf, R.C., additional, Wright, A., additional, Wurden, G., additional, Xanthopoulos, P., additional, Yamada, H., additional, Yamada, I., additional, Yasuhara, R., additional, Yokoyama, M., additional, Zanini, M., additional, Zarnstorff, M., additional, Zeitler, A., additional, Zhang, D., additional, Zhang, H., additional, Zhu, J., additional, Zilker, M., additional, Zocco, A., additional, Zoletnik, S., additional, and Zuin, M., additional
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

12. Overview of first Wendelstein 7-X high-performance operation

Author: Klinger, T., Andreeva, T., Bozhenkov, S., Brandt, C., Burhenn, R., Buttenschön, B., Fuchert, G., Geiger, B., Grulke, O., Laqua, H.P., Pablant, N., Rahbarnia, K., Stange, T., von Stechow, A., Tamura, N., Thomsen, H., Turkin, Y., Wegner, T., Abramovic, I., Äkäslompolo, S., Alcuson, J., Aleynikov, P., Aleynikova, K., Ali, A., Alonso, A., Anda, G., Ascasibar, E., Bähner, J.P., Baek, S.G., Balden, M., Baldzuhn, J., Banduch, M., Barbui, T., Behr, W., Beidler, C., Benndorf, A., Biedermann, C., Biel, W., Blackwell, B., Blanco, E., Blatzheim, M., Ballinger, S., Bluhm, T., Böckenhoff, D., Böswirth, B., Böttger, L.-G., Borchardt, M., Borsuk, V., Boscary, J., Bosch, H.-S., Beurskens, M., Brakel, R., Brand, H., Bräuer, T., Braune, H., Brezinsek, S., Brunner, K.-J., Bussiahn, R., Bykov, V., Cai, J., Calvo, I., Cannas, B., Cappa, A., Carls, A., Carralero, D., Carraro, L., Carvalho, B., Castejon, F., Charl, A., Chaudhary, N., Chauvin, D., Chernyshev, F., Cianciosa, M., Citarella, R., Claps, G., Coenen, J., Cole, M., Cole, M.J., Cordella, F., Cseh, G., Czarnecka, A., Czerski, K., Czerwinski, M., Czymek, G., da Molin, A., da Silva, A., Damm, H., de la Pena, A., Degenkolbe, S., Dhard, C.P., Dibon, M., Dinklage, A., Dittmar, T., Drevlak, M., Drewelow, P., Drews, P., Durodie, F., Edlund, E., van Eeten, P., Effenberg, F., Ehrke, G., Elgeti, S., Endler, M., Ennis, D., Esteban, H., Estrada, T., Fellinger, J., Feng, Y., Flom, E., Fernandes, H., Fietz, W.H., Figacz, W., Fontdecaba, J., Ford, O., Fornal, T., Frerichs, H., Freund, A., Funaba, T., Galkowski, A., Gantenbein, G., Gao, Y., García Regaña, J., Gates, D., Geiger, J., Giannella, V., Gogoleva, A., Goncalves, B., Goriaev, A., Gradic, D., Grahl, M., Green, J., Greuner, H., Grosman, A., Grote, H., Gruca, M., Guerard, C., Hacker, P., Han, X., Harris, J.H., Hartmann, D., Hathiramani, D., Hein, B., Heinemann, B., Helander, P., Henneberg, S., Henkel, M., Hernandez Sanchez, J., Hidalgo, C., Hirsch, M., Hollfeld, K.P., Höfel, U., Hölting, A., Höschen, D., Houry, M., Howard, J., Huang, X., Huang, Z., Hubeny, M., Huber, M., Hunger, H., Ida, K., Ilkei, T., Illy, S., Israeli, B., Jablonski, S., Jakubowski, M., Jelonnek, J., Jenzsch, H., Jesche, T., Jia, M., Junghanns, P., Kacmarczyk, J., Kallmeyer, J.-P., Kamionka, U., Kasahara, H., Kasparek, W., Kazakov, Y.O., Kenmochi, N., Killer, C., Kirschner, A., Kleiber, R., Knauer, J., Knaup, M., Knieps, A., Kobarg, T., Kocsis, G., Köchl, F., Kolesnichenko, Y., Könies, A., König, R., Kornejew, P., Koschinsky, J.-P., Köster, F., Krämer, M., Krampitz, R., Krämer-Flecken, A., Krawczyk, N., Kremeyer, T., Krom, J., Krychowiak, M., Ksiazek, I., Kubkowska, M., Kühner, G., Kurki-Suonio, T., Kurz, P.A., Kwak, S., Landreman, M., Lang, P., Lang, R., Langenberg, A., Langish, S., Laqua, H., Laube, R., Lazerson, S., Lechte, C., Lennartz, M., Leonhardt, W., Li, C., Li, Y., Liang, Y., Linsmeier, C., Liu, S., Lobsien, J.-F., Loesser, D., Loizu Cisquella, J., Lore, J., Lorenz, A., Losert, M., Lücke, A., Lumsdaine, A., Lutsenko, V., Maaßberg, H., Marchuk, O., Matthew, J.H., Marsen, S., Marushchenko, M., Masuzaki, S., Maurer, D., Mayer, M., McCarthy, K., McNeely, P., Meier, A., Mellein, D., Mendelevitch, B., Mertens, P., Mikkelsen, D., Mishchenko, A., Missal, B., Mittelstaedt, J., Mizuuchi, T., Mollen, A., Moncada, V., Mönnich, T., Morisaki, T., Moseev, D., Murakami, S., Náfrádi, G., Nagel, M., Naujoks, D., Neilson, H., Neu, R., Neubauer, O., Neuner, U., Ngo, T., Nicolai, D., Nielsen, S.K., Niemann, H., Nishizawa, T., Nocentini, R., Nührenberg, C., Nührenberg, J., Obermayer, S., Offermanns, G., Ogawa, K., Ölmanns, J., Ongena, J., Oosterbeek, J.W., Orozco, G., Otte, M., Pacios Rodriguez, L., Panadero, N., Panadero Alvarez, N., Papenfuß, D., Paqay, S., Pasch, E., Pavone, A., Pawelec, E., Pedersen, T.S., Pelka, G., Perseo, V., Peterson, B., Pilopp, D., Pingel, S., Pisano, F., Plaum, B., Plunk, G., Pölöskei, P., Porkolab, M., Proll, J., Puiatti, M.-E., Puig Sitjes, A., Purps, F., Rack, M., Récsei, S., Reiman, A., Reimold, F., Reiter, D., Remppel, F., Renard, S., Riedl, R., Riemann, J., Risse, K., Rohde, V., Röhlinger, H., Romé, M., Rondeshagen, D., Rong, P., Roth, B., Rudischhauser, L., Rummel, K., Rummel, T., Runov, A., Rust, N., Ryc, L., Ryosuke, S., Sakamoto, R., Salewski, M., Samartsev, A., Sanchez, E., Sano, F., Satake, S., Schacht, J., Satheeswaran, G., Schauer, F., Scherer, T., Schilling, J., Schlaich, A., Schlisio, G., Schluck, F., Schlüter, K.-H., Schmitt, J., Schmitz, H., Schmitz, O., Schmuck, S., Schneider, M., Schneider, W., Scholz, P., Schrittwieser, R., Schröder, M., Schröder, T., Schroeder, R., Schumacher, H., Schweer, B., Scott, E., Sereda, S., Shanahan, B., Sibilia, M., Sinha, P., Sipliä, S., Slaby, C., Sleczka, M., Smith, H., Spiess, W., Spong, D.A., Spring, A., Stadler, R., Stejner, M., Stephey, L., Stridde, U., Suzuki, C., Svensson, J., Szabó, V., Szabolics, T., Szepesi, T., Szökefalvi-Nagy, Z., Tancetti, A., Terry, J., Thomas, J., Thumm, M., Travere, J.M., Traverso, P., Tretter, J., Trimino Mora, H., Tsuchiya, H., Tsujimura, T., Tulipán, S., Unterberg, B., Vakulchyk, I., Valet, S., Vano, L., van Milligen, B., van Vuuren, A.J., Vela, L., Velasco, J.-L., Vergote, M., Vervier, M., Vianello, N., Viebke, H., Vilbrandt, R., Vorköper, A., Wadle, S., Wagner, F., Wang, E., Wang, N., Wang, Z., Warmer, F., Wauters, T., Wegener, L., Weggen, J., Wei, Y., Weir, G., Wendorf, J., Wenzel, U., Werner, A., White, A., Wiegel, B., Wilde, F., Windisch, T., Winkler, M., Winter, A., Winters, V., Wolf, S., Wolf, R.C., Wright, A., Wurden, G., Xanthopoulos, P., Yamada, H., Yamada, I., Yasuhara, R., Yokoyama, M., Zanini, M., Zarnstorff, M., Zeitler, A., Zhang, D., Zhang, H., Zhu, J., Zilker, M., Zocco, A., Zoletnik, S., Zuin, M., Klinger, T., Andreeva, T., Bozhenkov, S., Brandt, C., Burhenn, R., Buttenschön, B., Fuchert, G., Geiger, B., Grulke, O., Laqua, H.P., Pablant, N., Rahbarnia, K., Stange, T., von Stechow, A., Tamura, N., Thomsen, H., Turkin, Y., Wegner, T., Abramovic, I., Äkäslompolo, S., Alcuson, J., Aleynikov, P., Aleynikova, K., Ali, A., Alonso, A., Anda, G., Ascasibar, E., Bähner, J.P., Baek, S.G., Balden, M., Baldzuhn, J., Banduch, M., Barbui, T., Behr, W., Beidler, C., Benndorf, A., Biedermann, C., Biel, W., Blackwell, B., Blanco, E., Blatzheim, M., Ballinger, S., Bluhm, T., Böckenhoff, D., Böswirth, B., Böttger, L.-G., Borchardt, M., Borsuk, V., Boscary, J., Bosch, H.-S., Beurskens, M., Brakel, R., Brand, H., Bräuer, T., Braune, H., Brezinsek, S., Brunner, K.-J., Bussiahn, R., Bykov, V., Cai, J., Calvo, I., Cannas, B., Cappa, A., Carls, A., Carralero, D., Carraro, L., Carvalho, B., Castejon, F., Charl, A., Chaudhary, N., Chauvin, D., Chernyshev, F., Cianciosa, M., Citarella, R., Claps, G., Coenen, J., Cole, M., Cole, M.J., Cordella, F., Cseh, G., Czarnecka, A., Czerski, K., Czerwinski, M., Czymek, G., da Molin, A., da Silva, A., Damm, H., de la Pena, A., 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Vakulchyk, I., Valet, S., Vano, L., van Milligen, B., van Vuuren, A.J., Vela, L., Velasco, J.-L., Vergote, M., Vervier, M., Vianello, N., Viebke, H., Vilbrandt, R., Vorköper, A., Wadle, S., Wagner, F., Wang, E., Wang, N., Wang, Z., Warmer, F., Wauters, T., Wegener, L., Weggen, J., Wei, Y., Weir, G., Wendorf, J., Wenzel, U., Werner, A., White, A., Wiegel, B., Wilde, F., Windisch, T., Winkler, M., Winter, A., Winters, V., Wolf, S., Wolf, R.C., Wright, A., Wurden, G., Xanthopoulos, P., Yamada, H., Yamada, I., Yasuhara, R., Yokoyama, M., Zanini, M., Zarnstorff, M., Zeitler, A., Zhang, D., Zhang, H., Zhu, J., Zilker, M., Zocco, A., Zoletnik, S., and Zuin, M.
Abstract: The optimized superconducting stellarator device Wendelstein 7-X (with major radius , minor radius , and plasma volume) restarted operation after the assembly of a graphite heat shield and 10 inertially cooled island divertor modules. This paper reports on the results from the first high-performance plasma operation. Glow discharge conditioning and ECRH conditioning discharges in helium turned out to be important for density and edge radiation control. Plasma densities of with central electron temperatures were routinely achieved with hydrogen gas fueling, frequently terminated by a radiative collapse. In a first stage, plasma densities up to were reached with hydrogen pellet injection and helium gas fueling. Here, the ions are indirectly heated, and at a central density of a temperature of with was transiently accomplished, which corresponds to with a peak diamagnetic energy of and volume-averaged normalized plasma pressure . The routine access to high plasma densities was opened with boronization of the first wall. After boronization, the oxygen impurity content was reduced by a factor of 10, the carbon impurity content by a factor of 5. The reduced (edge) plasma radiation level gives routinely access to higher densities without radiation collapse, e.g. well above line integrated density and central temperatures at moderate ECRH power. Both X2 and O2 mode ECRH schemes were successfully applied. Core turbulence was measured with a phase contrast imaging diagnostic and suppression of turbulence during pellet injection was observed.
Published: 2019

13. In vitro biomechanical comparison of headless compression versus cortex screws for fixation of simulated midbody proximal sesamoid bone fractures in horses

Author: Bryner, M F, Valet, S, Weisse, B, Fürst, Anton E; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3016-8990, Kümmerle, Jan M; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5177-8347, Bryner, M F, Valet, S, Weisse, B, Fürst, Anton E; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3016-8990, and Kümmerle, Jan M; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5177-8347
Abstract: A midbody fracture of a proximal sesamoid bone (PSB) is a severe injury, especially in racehorses. Screw fixation may be the only option for horses to return to athletic activity. In a cadaveric biomechanical study, fixation of simulated transverse midbody PSB fractures with a 4.5 mm headless compression screw (HCS) was compared to the fixation using a 4.5 mm cortex screw (CS) inserted in lag fashion. The front limbs of 8 horses were prepared with a standardized midbody transverse osteotomy in each medial PSB. The left or the right limb of each pair was randomly assigned to the CS or HCS group. Fracture reduction and fixation was controlled by radiography. Markers were fixed proximal and distal to the osteotomy to document gap opening by an image correlation measurement. Cyclic compressive loading was applied with a hydraulic cylinder in an axial manner leading to tensile cyclic loading in the PSBs. After mechanical testing all limbs were radiographed to document the mode of failure. The mean cycles to total failure were 27,803 for the HCS group and 36,624 for the CS group, respectively. A mean of 14,444 cycles (HCS group) versus 27,464 cycles (CS group) was recorded at a fracture gap opening of 10 %. The mean value of initial stiffness was 300 N/mm (HCS group) versus 590 N/mm (CS group). On post-testing radiographs, failure by screw breakage was detected in 3/8 limbs of the HCS group and in 2/8 limbs of the CS group. Screw pullout and bone failure was noted in 5 limbs in each group. In one limb of the CS group, the medial suspensory branch was disrupted and the fracture fixation was intact. None of the differences between HCS and CS constructs reached statistical significance. However, the lower absolute numbers of cycles sustained before failure, at 10 % gap opening and lower initial stiffness of HCS constructs as well as limitations of the study warrant further investigation before clinical use of the HCS for this indication can be recommended.
Published: 2019

14. Confirmation of the topology of the Wendelstein 7-X magnetic field to better than 1:100,000

Author: Pedersen, T, Otte, M, Lazerson, S, Helander, P, Bozhenkov, S, Biedermann, C, Klinger, T, Wolf, R, Bosch, H, Abramovic, I, Akaslompolo, S, Aleynikov, P, Aleynikova, K, Ali, A, Alonso, A, Anda, G, Andreeva, T, Ascasibar, E, Baldzuhn, J, Banduch, M, Barbui, T, Beidler, C, Benndorf, A, Beurskens, M, Biel, W, Birus, D, Blackwell, B, Blanco, E, Blatzheim, M, Bluhm, T, Bockenhoff, D, Bolgert, P, Borchardt, M, Bottger, L, Brakel, R, Brandt, C, Brauer, T, Braune, H, Burhenn, R, Buttenschon, B, Bykov, V, Calvo, I, Cappa, A, Carls, A, De Carvalho, B, Castejon, F, Cianciosa, M, Cole, M, Costea, S, Cseh, G, Czarnecka, A, Dal Molin, A, De La Cal, E, De La Pena, A, Degenkolbe, S, Dhard, C, Dinklage, A, Dostal, M, Drevlak, M, Drewelow, P, Drews, P, Dudek, A, Durodie, F, Dzikowicka, A, Von Eeten, P, Effenberg, F, Endler, M, Erckmann, V, Estrada, T, Fahrenkamp, N, Fellinger, J, Feng, Y, Figacz, W, Ford, O, Fornal, T, Frerichs, H, Fuchert, G, Garcia-Munoz, M, Geiger, B, Geiger, J, Gierse, N, Gogoleva, A, Goncalves, B, Gradic, D, Grahl, M, Gross, S, Grote, H, Grulke, O, Guerard, C, Haas, M, Harris, J, Hartfuss, H, Hartmann, D, Hathiramani, D, Hein, B, Heirnich, S, Henneberg, S, Hennig, C, Hernandez, J, Hidalgo, C, Hidalgo, U, Hirsch, M, Hofel, U, Holbe, H, Holting, A, Houry, M, Huber, V, Ionita, C, Israeli, B, Jablonski, S, Jakubowski, M, Van Vuuren, A, Jenzsch, H, Kaczmarczyk, J, Kallmeyer, J, Kamionka, U, Kasahara, H, Kenmochi, N, Kernbichler, W, Killer, C, Kinna, D, Kleiber, R, Knauer, J, Kochl, F, Kocsis, G, Kolesnichenko, Y, Konies, A, Konig, R, Kornejew, P, Koster, F, Kramer-Flecken, A, Krampitz, R, Krawzyk, N, Kremeyer, T, Krychowiak, M, Ksiazek, I, Kubkowska, M, Kuhner, G, Kurki-Suonio, T, Kurz, P, Kuttler, K, Kwak, S, Landreman, M, Langenberg, A, Lapayese, F, Laqua, H, Laube, R, Laux, M, Lentz, H, Lewerentz, M, Liang, Y, Liu, S, Lobsien, J, Cisquella, J, Lopez-Bruna, D, Lore, J, Lorenz, A, Lui, S, Lutsenko, V, Maassberg, H, Maisano-Brown, J, Marchuk, O, Marrelli, L, Marsen, S, Marushchenko, N, Masuzaki, S, Mccarthy, K, Mcneely, P, Medina, F, Milojevic, D, Mishchenko, A, Missal, B, Mittelstaedt, J, Mollen, A, Moncada, V, Monnich, T, Moseev, D, Nagel, M, Naujoks, D, Neilson, G, Neubauer, O, Neuner, U, Ngo, T, Niemann, H, Nuhrenberg, C, Nuhrenberg, J, Ochando, M, Ogawa, K, Ongena, J, Oosterbeek, H, Pablant, N, Pacella, D, Pacios, L, Panadero, N, Pasch, E, Pastor, I, Pavone, A, Pawelec, E, Pedrosa, A, Perseo, V, Peterson, B, Pilopp, D, Pisano, F, Piulatti, M, Plunk, G, Preynas, M, Proll, J, Sitjes, A, Purps, F, Rack, M, Rahbarnia, K, Riemann, J, Risse, K, Rong, P, Rosenberger, J, Rudischhauser, L, Rummel, K, Rummel, T, Runov, A, Rust, N, Ryc, L, Saitoh, H, Satake, S, Schacht, J, Schmitz, O, Schmuck, S, Schneider, B, Schneider, M, Schneider, W, Schrittwieser, R, Schroder, M, Schroder, T, Schroder, R, Schumacher, H, Schweer, B, Seki, R, Sinha, P, Sipilae, S, Slaby, C, Smith, H, Sousa, J, Spring, A, Standley, B, Stange, T, Von Stechow, A, Stephey, L, Stoneking, M, Stridde, U, Suzuki, Y, Svensson, J, Szabolics, T, Szepesi, T, Thomsen, H, Travere, J, Traverso, P, Mora, H, Tsuchiya, H, Tsuijmura, T, Turkin, Y, Valet, S, Van Milligen, B, Vela, L, Velasco, J, Vergote, M, Vervier, M, Viebke, H, Vilbrandt, R, Von Thun, C, Wagner, F, Wang, E, Wang, N, Warmer, F, Wauters, T, Wegener, L, Wegner, T, Weir, G, Wendorf, J, Wenzel, U, Werner, A, Wie, Y, Wiegel, B, Wilde, F, Windisch, T, Winkler, M, Winters, V, Wright, A, Wurden, G, Xanthopoulos, P, Yamada, I, Yasuhara, R, Yokoyama, M, Zhang, D, Zilker, M, Zimbal, A, Zocco, A, Zoletnik, S, Pedersen T. S., Otte M., Lazerson S., Helander P., Bozhenkov S., Biedermann C., Klinger T., Wolf R. C., Bosch H. -S., Abramovic I., Akaslompolo S., Aleynikov P., Aleynikova K., Ali A., Alonso A., Anda G., Andreeva T., Ascasibar E., Baldzuhn J., Banduch M., Barbui T., Beidler C., Benndorf A., Beurskens M., Biel W., Birus D., Blackwell B., Blanco E., Blatzheim M., Bluhm T., Bockenhoff D., Bolgert P., Borchardt M., Bottger L. -G., Brakel R., Brandt C., Brauer T., Braune H., Burhenn R., Buttenschon B., Bykov V., Calvo I., Cappa A., Carls A., De Carvalho B. B., Castejon F., Cianciosa M., Cole M., Costea S., Cseh G., Czarnecka A., Dal Molin A., De La Cal E., De La Pena A., Degenkolbe S., Dhard C. P., Dinklage A., Dostal M., Drevlak M., Drewelow P., Drews P., Dudek A., Durodie F., Dzikowicka A., Von Eeten P., Effenberg F., Endler M., Erckmann V., Estrada T., Fahrenkamp N., Fellinger J., Feng Y., Figacz W., Ford O., Fornal T., Frerichs H., Fuchert G., Garcia-Munoz M., Geiger B., Geiger J., Gierse N., Gogoleva A., Goncalves B., Gradic D., Grahl M., Gross S., Grote H., Grulke O., Guerard C., Haas M., Harris J., Hartfuss H. -J., Hartmann D., Hathiramani D., Hein B., Heirnich S., Henneberg S., Hennig C., Hernandez J., Hidalgo C., Hidalgo U., Hirsch M., Hofel U., Holbe H., Holting A., Houry M., Huber V., Ionita C., Israeli B., Jablonski S., Jakubowski M., Van Vuuren A. J., Jenzsch H., Kaczmarczyk J., Kallmeyer J. -P., Kamionka U., Kasahara H., Kenmochi N., Kernbichler W., Killer C., Kinna D., Kleiber R., Knauer J., Kochl F., Kocsis G., Kolesnichenko Y., Konies A., Konig R., Kornejew P., Koster F., Kramer-Flecken A., Krampitz R., Krawzyk N., Kremeyer T., Krychowiak M., Ksiazek I., Kubkowska M., Kuhner G., Kurki-Suonio T., Kurz P., Kuttler K., Kwak S., Landreman M., Langenberg A., Lapayese F., Laqua H., Laqua H. -P., Laube R., Laux M., Lentz H., Lewerentz M., Liang Y., Liu S., Lobsien J. -F., Cisquella J. L., Lopez-Bruna D., Lore J., Lorenz A., Lui S., Lutsenko V., Maassberg H., Maisano-Brown J., Marchuk O., Marrelli L., Marsen S., Marushchenko N., Masuzaki S., McCarthy K., McNeely P., Medina F., Milojevic D., Mishchenko A., Missal B., Mittelstaedt J., Mollen A., Moncada V., Monnich T., Moseev D., Nagel M., Naujoks D., Neilson G. H., Neubauer O., Neuner U., Ngo T. -T., Niemann H., Nuhrenberg C., Nuhrenberg J., Ochando M., Ogawa K., Ongena J., Oosterbeek H., Pablant N., Pacella D., Pacios L., Panadero N., Pasch E., Pastor I., Pavone A., Pawelec E., Pedrosa A., Perseo V., Peterson B., Pilopp D., Pisano F., Piulatti M. E., Plunk G., Preynas M., Proll J., Sitjes A. P., Purps F., Rack M., Rahbarnia K., Riemann J., Risse K., Rong P., Rosenberger J., Rudischhauser L., Rummel K., Rummel T., Runov A., Rust N., Ryc L., Saitoh H., Satake S., Schacht J., Schmitz O., Schmuck S., Schneider B., Schneider M., Schneider W., Schrittwieser R., Schroder M., Schroder T., Schroder R., Schumacher H. W., Schweer B., Seki R., Sinha P., Sipilae S., Slaby C., Smith H., Sousa J., Spring A., Standley B., Stange T., Von Stechow A., Stephey L., Stoneking M., Stridde U., Suzuki Y., Svensson J., Szabolics T., Szepesi T., Thomsen H., Travere J. -M., Traverso P., Mora H. T., Tsuchiya H., Tsuijmura T., Turkin Y., Valet S., Van Milligen B., Vela L., Velasco J. -L., Vergote M., Vervier M., Viebke H., Vilbrandt R., Von Thun C. P., Wagner F., Wang E., Wang N., Warmer F., Wauters T., Wegener L., Wegner T., Weir G., Wendorf J., Wenzel U., Werner A., Wie Y., Wiegel B., Wilde F., Windisch T., Winkler M., Winters V., Wright A., Wurden G., Xanthopoulos P., Yamada I., Yasuhara R., Yokoyama M., Zhang D., Zilker M., Zimbal A., Zocco A., Zoletnik S., Pedersen, T, Otte, M, Lazerson, S, Helander, P, Bozhenkov, S, Biedermann, C, Klinger, T, Wolf, R, Bosch, H, Abramovic, I, Akaslompolo, S, Aleynikov, P, Aleynikova, K, Ali, A, Alonso, A, Anda, G, Andreeva, T, Ascasibar, E, Baldzuhn, J, Banduch, M, Barbui, T, Beidler, C, Benndorf, A, Beurskens, M, Biel, W, Birus, D, Blackwell, B, Blanco, E, Blatzheim, M, Bluhm, T, Bockenhoff, D, Bolgert, P, Borchardt, M, Bottger, L, Brakel, R, Brandt, C, Brauer, T, Braune, H, Burhenn, R, Buttenschon, B, Bykov, V, Calvo, I, Cappa, A, Carls, A, De Carvalho, B, Castejon, F, Cianciosa, M, Cole, M, Costea, S, Cseh, G, Czarnecka, A, Dal Molin, A, De La Cal, E, De La Pena, A, Degenkolbe, S, Dhard, C, Dinklage, A, Dostal, M, Drevlak, M, Drewelow, P, Drews, P, Dudek, A, Durodie, F, Dzikowicka, A, Von Eeten, P, Effenberg, F, Endler, M, Erckmann, V, Estrada, T, Fahrenkamp, N, Fellinger, J, Feng, Y, Figacz, W, Ford, O, Fornal, T, Frerichs, H, Fuchert, G, Garcia-Munoz, M, Geiger, B, Geiger, J, Gierse, N, Gogoleva, A, Goncalves, B, Gradic, D, Grahl, M, Gross, S, Grote, H, Grulke, O, Guerard, C, Haas, M, Harris, J, Hartfuss, H, Hartmann, D, Hathiramani, D, Hein, B, Heirnich, S, Henneberg, S, Hennig, C, Hernandez, J, Hidalgo, C, Hidalgo, U, Hirsch, M, Hofel, U, Holbe, H, Holting, A, Houry, M, Huber, V, Ionita, C, Israeli, B, Jablonski, S, Jakubowski, M, Van Vuuren, A, Jenzsch, H, Kaczmarczyk, J, Kallmeyer, J, Kamionka, U, Kasahara, H, Kenmochi, N, Kernbichler, W, Killer, C, Kinna, D, Kleiber, R, Knauer, J, Kochl, F, Kocsis, G, Kolesnichenko, Y, Konies, A, Konig, R, Kornejew, P, Koster, F, Kramer-Flecken, A, Krampitz, R, Krawzyk, N, Kremeyer, T, Krychowiak, M, Ksiazek, I, Kubkowska, M, Kuhner, G, Kurki-Suonio, T, Kurz, P, Kuttler, K, Kwak, S, Landreman, M, Langenberg, A, Lapayese, F, Laqua, H, Laube, R, Laux, M, Lentz, H, Lewerentz, M, Liang, Y, Liu, S, Lobsien, J, Cisquella, J, Lopez-Bruna, D, Lore, J, Lorenz, A, Lui, S, Lutsenko, V, Maassberg, H, Maisano-Brown, J, Marchuk, O, Marrelli, L, Marsen, S, Marushchenko, N, Masuzaki, S, Mccarthy, K, Mcneely, P, Medina, F, Milojevic, D, Mishchenko, A, Missal, B, Mittelstaedt, J, Mollen, A, Moncada, V, Monnich, T, Moseev, D, Nagel, M, Naujoks, D, Neilson, G, Neubauer, O, Neuner, U, Ngo, T, Niemann, H, Nuhrenberg, C, Nuhrenberg, J, Ochando, M, Ogawa, K, Ongena, J, Oosterbeek, H, Pablant, N, Pacella, D, Pacios, L, Panadero, N, Pasch, E, Pastor, I, Pavone, A, Pawelec, E, Pedrosa, A, Perseo, V, Peterson, B, Pilopp, D, Pisano, F, Piulatti, M, Plunk, G, Preynas, M, Proll, J, Sitjes, A, Purps, F, Rack, M, Rahbarnia, K, Riemann, J, Risse, K, Rong, P, Rosenberger, J, Rudischhauser, L, Rummel, K, Rummel, T, Runov, A, Rust, N, Ryc, L, Saitoh, H, Satake, S, Schacht, J, Schmitz, O, Schmuck, S, Schneider, B, Schneider, M, Schneider, W, Schrittwieser, R, Schroder, M, Schroder, T, Schroder, R, Schumacher, H, Schweer, B, Seki, R, Sinha, P, Sipilae, S, Slaby, C, Smith, H, Sousa, J, Spring, A, Standley, B, Stange, T, Von Stechow, A, Stephey, L, Stoneking, M, Stridde, U, Suzuki, Y, Svensson, J, Szabolics, T, Szepesi, T, Thomsen, H, Travere, J, Traverso, P, Mora, H, Tsuchiya, H, Tsuijmura, T, Turkin, Y, Valet, S, Van Milligen, B, Vela, L, Velasco, J, Vergote, M, Vervier, M, Viebke, H, Vilbrandt, R, Von Thun, C, Wagner, F, Wang, E, Wang, N, Warmer, F, Wauters, T, Wegener, L, Wegner, T, Weir, G, Wendorf, J, Wenzel, U, Werner, A, Wie, Y, Wiegel, B, Wilde, F, Windisch, T, Winkler, M, Winters, V, Wright, A, Wurden, G, Xanthopoulos, P, Yamada, I, Yasuhara, R, Yokoyama, M, Zhang, D, Zilker, M, Zimbal, A, Zocco, A, Zoletnik, S, Pedersen T. S., Otte M., Lazerson S., Helander P., Bozhenkov S., Biedermann C., Klinger T., Wolf R. C., Bosch H. -S., Abramovic I., Akaslompolo S., Aleynikov P., Aleynikova K., Ali A., Alonso A., Anda G., Andreeva T., Ascasibar E., Baldzuhn J., Banduch M., Barbui T., Beidler C., Benndorf A., Beurskens M., Biel W., Birus D., Blackwell B., Blanco E., Blatzheim M., Bluhm T., Bockenhoff D., Bolgert P., Borchardt M., Bottger L. -G., Brakel R., Brandt C., Brauer T., Braune H., Burhenn R., Buttenschon B., Bykov V., Calvo I., Cappa A., Carls A., De Carvalho B. B., Castejon F., Cianciosa M., Cole M., Costea S., Cseh G., Czarnecka A., Dal Molin A., De La Cal E., De La Pena A., Degenkolbe S., Dhard C. P., Dinklage A., Dostal M., Drevlak M., Drewelow P., Drews P., Dudek A., Durodie F., Dzikowicka A., Von Eeten P., Effenberg F., Endler M., Erckmann V., Estrada T., Fahrenkamp N., Fellinger J., Feng Y., Figacz W., Ford O., Fornal T., Frerichs H., Fuchert G., Garcia-Munoz M., Geiger B., Geiger J., Gierse N., Gogoleva A., Goncalves B., Gradic D., Grahl M., Gross S., Grote H., Grulke O., Guerard C., Haas M., Harris J., Hartfuss H. -J., Hartmann D., Hathiramani D., Hein B., Heirnich S., Henneberg S., Hennig C., Hernandez J., Hidalgo C., Hidalgo U., Hirsch M., Hofel U., Holbe H., Holting A., Houry M., Huber V., Ionita C., Israeli B., Jablonski S., Jakubowski M., Van Vuuren A. J., Jenzsch H., Kaczmarczyk J., Kallmeyer J. -P., Kamionka U., Kasahara H., Kenmochi N., Kernbichler W., Killer C., Kinna D., Kleiber R., Knauer J., Kochl F., Kocsis G., Kolesnichenko Y., Konies A., Konig R., Kornejew P., Koster F., Kramer-Flecken A., Krampitz R., Krawzyk N., Kremeyer T., Krychowiak M., Ksiazek I., Kubkowska M., Kuhner G., Kurki-Suonio T., Kurz P., Kuttler K., Kwak S., Landreman M., Langenberg A., Lapayese F., Laqua H., Laqua H. -P., Laube R., Laux M., Lentz H., Lewerentz M., Liang Y., Liu S., Lobsien J. -F., Cisquella J. L., Lopez-Bruna D., Lore J., Lorenz A., Lui S., Lutsenko V., Maassberg H., Maisano-Brown J., Marchuk O., Marrelli L., Marsen S., Marushchenko N., Masuzaki S., McCarthy K., McNeely P., Medina F., Milojevic D., Mishchenko A., Missal B., Mittelstaedt J., Mollen A., Moncada V., Monnich T., Moseev D., Nagel M., Naujoks D., Neilson G. H., Neubauer O., Neuner U., Ngo T. -T., Niemann H., Nuhrenberg C., Nuhrenberg J., Ochando M., Ogawa K., Ongena J., Oosterbeek H., Pablant N., Pacella D., Pacios L., Panadero N., Pasch E., Pastor I., Pavone A., Pawelec E., Pedrosa A., Perseo V., Peterson B., Pilopp D., Pisano F., Piulatti M. E., Plunk G., Preynas M., Proll J., Sitjes A. P., Purps F., Rack M., Rahbarnia K., Riemann J., Risse K., Rong P., Rosenberger J., Rudischhauser L., Rummel K., Rummel T., Runov A., Rust N., Ryc L., Saitoh H., Satake S., Schacht J., Schmitz O., Schmuck S., Schneider B., Schneider M., Schneider W., Schrittwieser R., Schroder M., Schroder T., Schroder R., Schumacher H. W., Schweer B., Seki R., Sinha P., Sipilae S., Slaby C., Smith H., Sousa J., Spring A., Standley B., Stange T., Von Stechow A., Stephey L., Stoneking M., Stridde U., Suzuki Y., Svensson J., Szabolics T., Szepesi T., Thomsen H., Travere J. -M., Traverso P., Mora H. T., Tsuchiya H., Tsuijmura T., Turkin Y., Valet S., Van Milligen B., Vela L., Velasco J. -L., Vergote M., Vervier M., Viebke H., Vilbrandt R., Von Thun C. P., Wagner F., Wang E., Wang N., Warmer F., Wauters T., Wegener L., Wegner T., Weir G., Wendorf J., Wenzel U., Werner A., Wie Y., Wiegel B., Wilde F., Windisch T., Winkler M., Winters V., Wright A., Wurden G., Xanthopoulos P., Yamada I., Yasuhara R., Yokoyama M., Zhang D., Zilker M., Zimbal A., Zocco A., and Zoletnik S.
Abstract: Fusion energy research has in the past 40 years focused primarily on the tokamak concept, but recent advances in plasma theory and computational power have led to renewed interest in stellarators. The largest and most sophisticated stellarator in the world, Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X), has just started operation, with the aim to show that the earlier weaknesses of this concept have been addressed successfully, and that the intrinsic advantages of the concept persist, also at plasma parameters approaching those of a future fusion power plant. Here we show the first physics results, obtained before plasma operation: that the carefully tailored topology of nested magnetic surfaces needed for good confinement is realized, and that the measured deviations are smaller than one part in 100,000. This is a significant step forward in stellarator research, since it shows that the complicated and delicate magnetic topology can be created and verified with the required accuracy.
Published: 2016

15. Magnetic configuration effects on the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator

Author: Dinklage A., Beidler C.D., Helander P., Fuchert G., Maassberg H., Rahbarnia K., Sunn Pedersen T., Turkin Y., Wolf R.C., Alonso A., Andreeva T., Blackwell B., Bozhenkov S., Buttenschon B., Czarnecka A., Effenberg F., Feng Y., Geiger J., Hirsch M., Hofel U., Jakubowski M., Klinger T., Knauer J., Kocsis G., Kramer-Flecken A., Kubkowska M., Langenberg A., Laqua H.P., Marushchenko N., Mollen A., Neuner U., Niemann H., Pasch E., Pablant N., Rudischhauser L., Smith H.M., Schmitz O., Stange T., Szepesi T., Weir G., Windisch T., Wurden G.A., Zhang D., Abramovic I., Akaslompolo S., Ali A., Belloso J.A., Aleynikov P., Aleynikova K., Alzbutas R., Anda G., Ascasibar E., Assmann J., Baek S.-G., Baldzuhn J., Banduch M., Barbui T., Barlak M., Baumann K., Behr W., Beidler C., Benndorf A., Bertuch O., Beurskens M., Biedermann C., Biel W., Birus D., Blanco E., Blatzheim M., Bluhm T., Bockenhoff D., Bolgert P., Borchardt M., Borsuk V., Boscary J., Bosch H.-S., Bottger L.-G., Brakel R., Brand H., Brandt C., Brauer T., Braune H., Brezinsek S., Brunner K.-J., Brunner B., Burhenn R., Bussiahn R., Bykov V., Cai Y., Calvo I., Cannas B., Cappa A., Card A., Carls A., Carraro L., Carvalho B., Castejon F., Charl A., Chernyshev F., Cianciosa M., Citarella R., Ciupinski L., Claps G., Cole M.J., Cordella F., Cseh G., Czermak A., Czerski K., Czerwinski M., Czymek G., da Molin A., da Silva A., Dammertz G., de la Pena A., Degenkolbe S., Denner P., Dittmar T., Dhard C.P., Dostal M., Drevlak M., Drewelow P., Drews P., Dudek A., Dundulis G., Durodie F., van Eeten P., Ehrke G., Endler M., Ennis D., Erckmann E., Esteban H., Estrada T., Fahrenkamp N., Feist J.-H., Fellinger J., Fernandes H., Fietz W.H., Figacz W., Fontdecaba J., Ford O., Fornal T., Frerichs H., Freund A., Fuhrer M., Funaba T., Galkowski A., Gantenbein G., Gao Y., Regana J.G., Garcia-Munoz M., Gates D., Gawlik G., Geiger B., Giannella V., Gierse N., Gogoleva A., Goncalves B., Goriaev A., Gradic D., Grahl M., Green J., Grosman A., Grote H., Gruca M., Grulke O., Guerard C., Hacker P., Haiduk L., Hammond K., Han X., Harberts F., Harris J.H., Hartfuss H.-J., Hartmann D., Hathiramani D., Hein B., Heinemann B., Heitzenroeder P., Henneberg S., Hennig C., Sanchez J.H., Hidalgo C., Holbe H., Hollfeld K.P., Holting A., Hoschen D., Houry M., Howard J., Huang X., Huber M., Huber V., Hunger H., Ida K., Ilkei T., Illy S., Israeli B., Ivanov A., Jablonski S., Jagielski J., Jelonnek J., Jenzsch H., Junghans P., Kacmarczyk J., Kaliatka T., Kallmeyer J.-P., Kamionka U., Karalevicius R., Kasahara H., Kasparek W., Kazakov Y., Kenmochi N., Keunecke M., Khilchenko A., Killer C., Kinna D., Kleiber R., Knaup M., Knieps A., Kobarg T., Kochl F., Kolesnichenko Y., Konies A., Koppen M., Koshurinov J., Koslowski R., Konig R., Koster F., Kornejew P., Koziol R., Kramer M., Krampitz R., Kraszewsk P., Krawczyk N., Kremeyer T., Krings T., Krom J., Krychowiak M., Krzesinski G., Ksiazek I., Kuhner G., Kurki-Suonio T., Kwak S., Landreman M., Lang R., Langish S., Laqua H., Laube R., Lazerson S., Lechte C., Lennartz M., Leonhardt W., Lewerentz L., Liang Y., Linsmeier C., Liu S., Lobsien J.-F., Loesser D., Cisquella J.L., Lore J., Lorenz A., Losert M., Lubyako L., Lucke A., Lumsdaine A., Lutsenko V., Maisano-Brown J., Marchuk O., Mardenfeld M., Marek P., Marsen S., Marushchenko M., Masuzaki S., Maurer D., McCarthy K., McNeely P., Meier A., Mellein D., Mendelevitch B., Mertens P., Mikkelsen D., Mishchenko O., Missal B., Mittelstaedt J., Mizuuchi T., Moncada V., Monnich T., Morisaki T., Moseev D., Munk R., Murakami S., Musielok F., Nafradi G., Nagel M., Naujoks D., Neilson H., Neubauer O., Ngo T., Nocentini R., Nuhrenberg C., Nuhrenberg J., Obermayer S., Offermanns G., Ogawa K., Ongena J., Oosterbeek J.W., Orozco G., Otte M., Rodriguez L.P., Pan W., Panadero N., Alvarez N.P., Panin A., Papenfuss D., Paqay S., Pavone A., Pawelec E., Pelka G., Peng X., Perseo V., Peterson B., Pieper A., Pilopp D., Pingel S., Pisano F., Plaum B., Plunk G., Povilaitis M., Preinhaelter J., Proll J., Puiatti M.-E., Sitjes A.P., Purps F., Rack M., Recsei S., Reiman A., Reiter D., Remppel F., Renard S., Riedl R., Riemann J., Rimkevicius S., Risse K., Rodatos A., Rohlinger H., Rome M., Rong P., Roscher H.-J., Roth B., Rummel K., Rummel T., Runov A., Rust N., Ryc L., Ryosuke S., Sakamoto R., Samartsev A., Sanchez M., Sano F., Satake S., Satheeswaran G., Schacht J., Schauer F., Scherer T., Schlaich A., Schlisio G., Schluter K.-H., Schmitt J., Schmitz H., Schmuck S., Schneider M., Schneider W., Scholz M., Scholz P., Schrittwieser R., Schroder M., Schroder T., Schroeder R., Schumacher H., Schweer B., Shanahan B., Shikhovtsev I.V., Sibilia M., Sinha P., Siplia S., Skodzik J., Slaby C., Smith H., Spiess W., Spong D.A., Spring A., Stadler R., Standley B., Stephey L., Stoneking M., Stridde U., Sulek Z., Pedersen T.S., Suzuki Y., Svensson J., Szabo V., Szabolics T., Szokefalvi-Nagy Z., Tamura N., Terra A., Terry J., Thomas J., Thomsen H., Thumm M., von Thun C.P., Timmermann D., Titus P., Toi K., Travere J.M., Traverso P., Tretter J., Mora H.T., Tsuchiya H., Tsujimura T., Tulipan S., Turnyanskiy M., Unterberg B., Urban J., Urbonavicius E., Vakulchyk I., Valet S., van Milligen B., Vela L., Velasco J.-L., Vergote M., Vervier M., Vianello N., Viebke H., Vilbrandt R., Vorkorper A., Wadle S., Wang E., Wang N., Warmer F., Wauters T., Wegener L., Weggen J., Wegner T., Wei Y., Wendorf J., Wenzel U., Wiegel B., Wilde F., Winkler E., Winters V., Wolf R., Wolf S., Wolowski J., Wright A., Wurden G., Xanthopoulos P., Yamada H., Yamada I., Yasuhara R., Yokoyama M., Zajac J., Zarnstorff M., Zeitler A., Zhang H., Zhu J., Zilker M., Zimbal A., Zocco A., Zoletnik S., Zuin M., W7-X Team, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Max Planck Society, Science and Technology of Nuclear Fusion, and Turbulence in Fusion Plasmas
Subjects: Physics, Tokamak, Field (physics), General Physics and Astronomy, Plasma, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Bootstrap current, Computational physics, Magnetic field, law.invention, Magnetic mirror, Wendelstein 7-X stellarator, Physics and Astronomy (all), law, Physics::Plasma Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Wendelstein 7-X plasmas, Wendelstein 7-X, 010306 general physics, Stellarator
Abstract: The two leading concepts for confining high-temperature fusion plasmas are the tokamak and the stellarator. Tokamaks are rotationally symmetric and use a large plasma current to achieve confinement, whereas stellarators are non-axisymmetric and employ three-dimensionally shaped magnetic field coils to twist the field and confine the plasma. As a result, the magnetic field of a stellarator needs to be carefully designed to minimize the collisional transport arising from poorly confined particle orbits, which would otherwise cause excessive power losses at high plasma temperatures. In addition, this type of transport leads to the appearance of a net toroidal plasma current, the so-called bootstrap current. Here, we analyse results from the first experimental campaign of the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator, showing that its magnetic-field design allows good control of bootstrap currents and collisional transport. The energy confinement time is among the best ever achieved in stellarators, both in absolute figures (τE > 100 ms) and relative to the stellarator confinement scaling. The bootstrap current responds as predicted to changes in the magnetic mirror ratio. These initial experiments confirm several theoretically predicted properties of Wendelstein 7-X plasmas, and already indicate consistency with optimization measures. Results from the first experimental campaign of the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator demonstrate that its magnetic-field design grants good control of parasitic plasma currents, leading to long energy confinement times.
Published: 2018
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16. Confirmation of the topology of the Wendelstein 7-X magnetic field to better than 1:100,000

Author: Pedersen T. S., Otte M., Lazerson S., Helander P., Bozhenkov S., Biedermann C., Klinger T., Wolf R. C., Bosch H. -S., Abramovic I., Akaslompolo S., Aleynikov P., Aleynikova K., Ali A., Alonso A., Anda G., Andreeva T., Ascasibar E., Baldzuhn J., Banduch M., Barbui T., Beidler C., Benndorf A., Beurskens M., Biel W., Birus D., Blackwell B., Blanco E., Blatzheim M., Bluhm T., Bockenhoff D., Bolgert P., Borchardt M., Bottger L. -G., Brakel R., Brandt C., Brauer T., Braune H., Burhenn R., Buttenschon B., Bykov V., Calvo I., Cappa A., Carls A., De Carvalho B. B., Castejon F., Cianciosa M., Cole M., Costea S., Cseh G., Czarnecka A., Dal Molin A., De La Cal E., De La Pena A., Degenkolbe S., Dhard C. P., Dinklage A., Dostal M., Drevlak M., Drewelow P., Drews P., Dudek A., Durodie F., Dzikowicka A., Von Eeten P., Effenberg F., Endler M., Erckmann V., Estrada T., Fahrenkamp N., Fellinger J., Feng Y., Figacz W., Ford O., Fornal T., Frerichs H., Fuchert G., Garcia-Munoz M., Geiger B., Geiger J., Gierse N., Gogoleva A., Goncalves B., Gradic D., Grahl M., Gross S., Grote H., Grulke O., Guerard C., Haas M., Harris J., Hartfuss H. -J., Hartmann D., Hathiramani D., Hein B., Heirnich S., Henneberg S., Hennig C., Hernandez J., Hidalgo C., Hidalgo U., Hirsch M., Hofel U., Holbe H., Holting A., Houry M., Huber V., Ionita C., Israeli B., Jablonski S., Jakubowski M., Van Vuuren A. J., Jenzsch H., Kaczmarczyk J., Kallmeyer J. -P., Kamionka U., Kasahara H., Kenmochi N., Kernbichler W., Killer C., Kinna D., Kleiber R., Knauer J., Kochl F., Kocsis G., Kolesnichenko Y., Konies A., Konig R., Kornejew P., Koster F., Kramer-Flecken A., Krampitz R., Krawzyk N., Kremeyer T., Krychowiak M., Ksiazek I., Kubkowska M., Kuhner G., Kurki-Suonio T., Kurz P., Kuttler K., Kwak S., Landreman M., Langenberg A., Lapayese F., Laqua H., Laqua H. -P., Laube R., Laux M., Lentz H., Lewerentz M., Liang Y., Liu S., Lobsien J. -F., Cisquella J. L., Lopez-Bruna D., Lore J., Lorenz A., Lui S., Lutsenko V., Maassberg H., Maisano-Brown J., Marchuk O., Marrelli L., Marsen S., Marushchenko N., Masuzaki S., McCarthy K., McNeely P., Medina F., Milojevic D., Mishchenko A., Missal B., Mittelstaedt J., Mollen A., Moncada V., Monnich T., Moseev D., Nagel M., Naujoks D., Neilson G. H., Neubauer O., Neuner U., Ngo T. -T., Niemann H., Nuhrenberg C., Nuhrenberg J., Ochando M., Ogawa K., Ongena J., Oosterbeek H., Pablant N., Pacella D., Pacios L., Panadero N., Pasch E., Pastor I., Pavone A., Pawelec E., Pedrosa A., Perseo V., Peterson B., Pilopp D., Pisano F., Piulatti M. E., Plunk G., Preynas M., Proll J., Sitjes A. P., Purps F., Rack M., Rahbarnia K., Riemann J., Risse K., Rong P., Rosenberger J., Rudischhauser L., Rummel K., Rummel T., Runov A., Rust N., Ryc L., Saitoh H., Satake S., Schacht J., Schmitz O., Schmuck S., Schneider B., Schneider M., Schneider W., Schrittwieser R., Schroder M., Schroder T., Schroder R., Schumacher H. W., Schweer B., Seki R., Sinha P., Sipilae S., Slaby C., Smith H., Sousa J., Spring A., Standley B., Stange T., Von Stechow A., Stephey L., Stoneking M., Stridde U., Suzuki Y., Svensson J., Szabolics T., Szepesi T., Thomsen H., Travere J. -M., Traverso P., Mora H. T., Tsuchiya H., Tsuijmura T., Turkin Y., Valet S., Van Milligen B., Vela L., Velasco J. -L., Vergote M., Vervier M., Viebke H., Vilbrandt R., Von Thun C. P., Wagner F., Wang E., Wang N., Warmer F., Wauters T., Wegener L., Wegner T., Weir G., Wendorf J., Wenzel U., Werner A., Wie Y., Wiegel B., Wilde F., Windisch T., Winkler M., Winters V., Wright A., Wurden G., Xanthopoulos P., Yamada I., Yasuhara R., Yokoyama M., Zhang D., Zilker M., Zimbal A., Zocco A., Zoletnik S., W7-X Team, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Max Planck Society, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Maisano-Brown, Jeannette D., Science and Technology of Nuclear Fusion, Pedersen, T, Otte, M, Lazerson, S, Helander, P, Bozhenkov, S, Biedermann, C, Klinger, T, Wolf, R, Bosch, H, Abramovic, I, Akaslompolo, S, Aleynikov, P, Aleynikova, K, Ali, A, Alonso, A, Anda, G, Andreeva, T, Ascasibar, E, Baldzuhn, J, Banduch, M, Barbui, T, Beidler, C, Benndorf, A, Beurskens, M, Biel, W, Birus, D, Blackwell, B, Blanco, E, Blatzheim, M, Bluhm, T, Bockenhoff, D, Bolgert, P, Borchardt, M, Bottger, L, Brakel, R, Brandt, C, Brauer, T, Braune, H, Burhenn, R, Buttenschon, B, Bykov, V, Calvo, I, Cappa, A, Carls, A, De Carvalho, B, Castejon, F, Cianciosa, M, Cole, M, Costea, S, Cseh, G, Czarnecka, A, Dal Molin, A, De La Cal, E, De La Pena, A, Degenkolbe, S, Dhard, C, Dinklage, A, Dostal, M, Drevlak, M, Drewelow, P, Drews, P, Dudek, A, Durodie, F, Dzikowicka, A, Von Eeten, P, Effenberg, F, Endler, M, Erckmann, V, Estrada, T, Fahrenkamp, N, Fellinger, J, Feng, Y, Figacz, W, Ford, O, Fornal, T, Frerichs, H, Fuchert, G, Garcia-Munoz, M, Geiger, B, Geiger, J, Gierse, N, Gogoleva, A, Goncalves, B, Gradic, D, Grahl, M, Gross, S, Grote, H, Grulke, O, Guerard, C, Haas, M, Harris, J, Hartfuss, H, Hartmann, D, Hathiramani, D, Hein, B, Heirnich, S, Henneberg, S, Hennig, C, Hernandez, J, Hidalgo, C, Hidalgo, U, Hirsch, M, Hofel, U, Holbe, H, Holting, A, Houry, M, Huber, V, Ionita, C, Israeli, B, Jablonski, S, Jakubowski, M, Van Vuuren, A, Jenzsch, H, Kaczmarczyk, J, Kallmeyer, J, Kamionka, U, Kasahara, H, Kenmochi, N, Kernbichler, W, Killer, C, Kinna, D, Kleiber, R, Knauer, J, Kochl, F, Kocsis, G, Kolesnichenko, Y, Konies, A, Konig, R, Kornejew, P, Koster, F, Kramer-Flecken, A, Krampitz, R, Krawzyk, N, Kremeyer, T, Krychowiak, M, Ksiazek, I, Kubkowska, M, Kuhner, G, Kurki-Suonio, T, Kurz, P, Kuttler, K, Kwak, S, Landreman, M, Langenberg, A, Lapayese, F, Laqua, H, Laube, R, Laux, M, Lentz, H, Lewerentz, M, Liang, Y, Liu, S, Lobsien, J, Cisquella, J, Lopez-Bruna, D, Lore, J, Lorenz, A, Lui, S, Lutsenko, V, Maassberg, H, Maisano-Brown, J, Marchuk, O, Marrelli, L, Marsen, S, Marushchenko, N, Masuzaki, S, Mccarthy, K, Mcneely, P, Medina, F, Milojevic, D, Mishchenko, A, Missal, B, Mittelstaedt, J, Mollen, A, Moncada, V, Monnich, T, Moseev, D, Nagel, M, Naujoks, D, Neilson, G, Neubauer, O, Neuner, U, Ngo, T, Niemann, H, Nuhrenberg, C, Nuhrenberg, J, Ochando, M, Ogawa, K, Ongena, J, Oosterbeek, H, Pablant, N, Pacella, D, Pacios, L, Panadero, N, Pasch, E, Pastor, I, Pavone, A, Pawelec, E, Pedrosa, A, Perseo, V, Peterson, B, Pilopp, D, Pisano, F, Piulatti, M, Plunk, G, Preynas, M, Proll, J, Sitjes, A, Purps, F, Rack, M, Rahbarnia, K, Riemann, J, Risse, K, Rong, P, Rosenberger, J, Rudischhauser, L, Rummel, K, Rummel, T, Runov, A, Rust, N, Ryc, L, Saitoh, H, Satake, S, Schacht, J, Schmitz, O, Schmuck, S, Schneider, B, Schneider, M, Schneider, W, Schrittwieser, R, Schroder, M, Schroder, T, Schroder, R, Schumacher, H, Schweer, B, Seki, R, Sinha, P, Sipilae, S, Slaby, C, Smith, H, Sousa, J, Spring, A, Standley, B, Stange, T, Von Stechow, A, Stephey, L, Stoneking, M, Stridde, U, Suzuki, Y, Svensson, J, Szabolics, T, Szepesi, T, Thomsen, H, Travere, J, Traverso, P, Mora, H, Tsuchiya, H, Tsuijmura, T, Turkin, Y, Valet, S, Van Milligen, B, Vela, L, Velasco, J, Vergote, M, Vervier, M, Viebke, H, Vilbrandt, R, Von Thun, C, Wagner, F, Wang, E, Wang, N, Warmer, F, Wauters, T, Wegener, L, Wegner, T, Weir, G, Wendorf, J, Wenzel, U, Werner, A, Wie, Y, Wiegel, B, Wilde, F, Windisch, T, Winkler, M, Winters, V, Wright, A, Wurden, G, Xanthopoulos, P, Yamada, I, Yasuhara, R, Yokoyama, M, Zhang, D, Zilker, M, Zimbal, A, Zocco, A, Zoletnik, S, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, and Pacella, D.
Subjects: Tokamak, Plasma parameters, Science, General Physics and Astronomy, Topology (electrical circuits), Topology, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Article, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, law, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Physics, Fusion, Wendelstein7-X, Stellarator, Multidisciplinary, ta114, General Chemistry, Plasma, Fusion power, Magnetic field, Erratum, Wendelstein 7-X, Stellarator
Abstract: Fusion energy research has in the past 40 years focused primarily on the tokamak concept, but recent advances in plasma theory and computational power have led to renewed interest in stellarators. The largest and most sophisticated stellarator in the world, Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X), has just started operation, with the aim to show that the earlier weaknesses of this concept have been addressed successfully, and that the intrinsic advantages of the concept persist, also at plasma parameters approaching those of a future fusion power plant. Here we show the first physics results, obtained before plasma operation: that the carefully tailored topology of nested magnetic surfaces needed for good confinement is realized, and that the measured deviations are smaller than one part in 100,000. This is a significant step forward in stellarator research, since it shows that the complicated and delicate magnetic topology can be created and verified with the required accuracy., Early stellarator designs suffered from high particle losses, an issue that can be addressed by optimization of the coils. Here the authors measure the magnetic field lines in the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator, confirming that the complicated design of the superconducting coils has been realized successfully.
Published: 2016

17. Performance of Wendelstein 7-X stellarator plasmas during the first divertor operation phase

Author: Wolf, R. C., Alonso, A., Akaslompolo, S., Baldzuhn, J., Beurskens, M., Beidler, C. D., Biedermann, C., Bosch, H. -S., Bozhenkov, S., Brakel, R., Braune, H., Brezinsek, S., Brunner, K. -J., Damm, H., Dinklage, A., Drewelow, P., Effenberg, F., Feng, Y., Ford, O., Fuchert, G., Gao, Y., Geiger, J., Grulke, O., Harder, N., Hartmann, D., Helander, P., Heinemann, B., Hirsch, M., Hofel, U., Hopf, C., Ida, K., Isobe, M., Jakubowski, M. W., Kazakov, Y. O., Killer, C., Klinger, T., Knauer, J., Konig, R., Krychowiak, M., Langenberg, A., Laqua, H. P., Lazerson, S., Mcneely, P., Marsen, S., Marushchenko, N., Nocentini, R., Ogawa, K., Orozco, G., Osakabe, M., Otte, M., Pablant, N., Pasch, E., Pavone, A., Porkolab, M., Puig Sitjes, A., Rahbarnia, K., Riedl, R., Rust, N., Scott, E., Schilling, J., Schroeder, R., Stange, T., Von Stechow, A., Strumberger, E., Sunn Pedersen, T., Svensson, J., Thomson, H., Turkin, Y., Vano, L., Wauters, T., Wurden, G., Yoshinuma, M., Zanini, M., Zhang, D., Andreeva, T., Brandt, C., Burhenn, R., Buttenschon, B., Geiger, B., Tamura, N., Thomsen, H., Wegner, T., Abramovic, I., Alcuson, J., Aleynikov, P., Aleynikova, K., Ali, A., Anda, G., Ascasibar, E., Bahner, J. P., Baek, S. G., Balden, M., Banduch, M., Barbui, T., Behr, W., Beidler, C., Benndorf, A., Biel, W., Blackwell, B., Blanco, E., Blatzheim, M., Ballinger, S., Bluhm, T., Bockenhoff, D., Boswirth, B., Bottger, L. -G., Borchardt, M., Borsuk, V., Boscary, J., Brand, H., Brauer, T., Bussiahn, R., Bykov, V., Cai, J., Calvo, I., Cannas, B., Cappa, A., Carls, A., Carralero, D., Carraro, L., Carvalho, B., Castejon, F., Charl, A., Chaudhary, N., Chauvin, D., Chernyshev, F., Cianciosa, M., Citarella, R., Claps, G., Coenen, J., Cole, M., Cole, M. J., Cordella, F., Cseh, G., Czarnecka, A., Czerski, K., Czerwinski, M., Czymek, G., Da Molin, A., Da Silva, A., De La Pena, A., Degenkolbe, S., Dhard, C. P., Dibon, M., Dittmar, T., Drevlak, M., Drews, P., Durodie, F., Edlund, E., Van Eeten, P., Ehrke, G., Elgeti, S., Endler, M., Ennis, D., Esteban, H., Estrada, T., Fellinger, J., Flom, E., Fernandes, H., Fietz, W. H., Figacz, W., Fontdecaba, J., Fornal, T., Frerichs, H., Freund, A., Funaba, T., Galkowski, A., Gantenbein, G., Garcia Regana, J., Gates, D., Giannella, V., Gogoleva, A., Goncalves, B., Goriaev, A., Gradic, D., Grahl, M., Green, J., Greuner, H., Grosman, A., Grote, H., Gruca, M., Guerard, C., Hacker, P., Han, X., Harris, J. H., Hathiramani, D., Hein, B., Henneberg, S., Henkel, M., Hernandez Sanchez, J., Hidalgo, C., Hollfeld, K. P., Holting, A., Hoschen, D., Houry, M., Howard, J., Huang, X., Huang, Z., Hubeny, M., Huber, M., Hunger, H., Ilkei, T., Illy, S., Israeli, B., Jablonski, S., Jakubowski, M., Jelonnek, J., Jenzsch, H., Jesche, T., Jia, M., Junghanns, P., Kacmarczyk, J., Kallmeyer, J. -P., Kamionka, U., Kasahara, H., Kasparek, W., Kenmochi, N., Kirschner, A., Kleiber, R., Knaup, M., Knieps, A., Kobarg, T., Kocsis, G., Kochl, F., Kolesnichenko, Y., Konies, A., Kornejew, P., Koschinsky, J. -P., Koster, F., Kramer, M., Krampitz, R., Kramer-Flecken, A., Krawczyk, N., Kremeyer, T., Krom, J., Ksiazek, I., Kubkowska, M., Kuhner, G., Kurki-Suonio, T., Kurz, P. A., Kwak, S., Landreman, M., Lang, P., Lang, R., Langish, S., Laqua, H., Laube, R., Lechte, C., Lennartz, M., Leonhardt, W., Li, C., Li, Y., Liang, Y., Linsmeier, C., Liu, S., Lobsien, J. -F., Loesser, D., Loizu Cisquella, J., Lore, J., Lorenz, A., Losert, M., Lucke, A., Lumsdaine, A., Lutsenko, V., Maassberg, H., Marchuk, O., Matthew, J. H., Marushchenko, M., Masuzaki, S., Maurer, D., Mayer, M., Mccarthy, K., Meier, A., Mellein, D., Mendelevitch, B., Mertens, P., Mikkelsen, D., Mishchenko, A., Missal, B., Mittelstaedt, J., Mizuuchi, T., Mollen, A., Moncada, V., Monnich, T., Morisaki, T., Moseev, D., Murakami, S., Nafradi, G., Nagel, M., Naujoks, D., Neilson, H., Neu, R., Neubauer, O., Neuner, U., Ngo, T., Nicolai, D., Nielsen, S. K., Niemann, H., Nishizawa, T., Nuhrenberg, C., Nuhrenberg, J., Obermayer, S., Offermanns, G., Olmanns, J., Ongena, J., Oosterbeek, J. W., Pacios Rodriguez, L., Panadero, N., Panadero Alvarez, N., Papenfuss, D., Paqay, S., Pawelec, E., Pedersen, T. S., Pelka, G., Perseo, V., Peterson, B., Pilopp, D., Pingel, S., Pisano, F., Plaum, B., Plunk, G., Poloskei, P., Proll, J., Puiatti, M. -E., Purps, F., Rack, M., Recsei, S., Reiman, A., Reimold, F., Reiter, D., Remppel, F., Renard, S., Riemann, J., Risse, K., Rohde, V., Rohlinger, H., Rome, M., Rondeshagen, D., Rong, P., Roth, B., Rudischhauser, L., Rummel, K., Rummel, T., Runov, A., Ryc, L., Ryosuke, S., Sakamoto, R., Salewski, M., Samartsev, A., Sanchez, E., Sano, F., Satake, S., Schacht, J., Satheeswaran, G., Schauer, F., Scherer, T., Schlaich, A., Schlisio, G., Schluck, F., Schluter, K. -H., Schmitt, J., Schmitz, H., Schmitz, O., Schmuck, S., Schneider, M., Schneider, W., Scholz, P., Schrittwieser, R., Schroder, M., Schroder, T., Schumacher, H., Schweer, B., Sereda, S., Shanahan, B., Sibilia, M., Sinha, P., Siplia, S., Slaby, C., Sleczka, M., Smith, H., Spiess, W., Spong, D. A., Spring, A., Stadler, R., Stejner, M., Stephey, L., Stridde, U., Suzuki, C., Szabo, V., Szabolics, T., Szepesi, T., Szokefalvi-Nagy, Z., Tancetti, A., Terry, J., Thomas, J., Thumm, M., Travere, J. M., Traverso, P., Tretter, J., Trimino Mora, H., Tsuchiya, H., Tsujimura, T., Tulipan, S., Unterberg, B., Vakulchyk, I., Valet, S., Van Milligen, B., Van Vuuren, A. J., Vela, L., Velasco, J. -L., Vergote, M., Vervier, M., Vianello, N., Viebke, H., Vilbrandt, R., Vorkoper, A., Wadle, S., Wagner, F., Wang, E., Wang, N., Wang, Z., Warmer, F., Wegener, L., Weggen, J., Wei, Y., Weir, G., Wendorf, J., Wenzel, U., Werner, A., White, A., Wiegel, B., Wilde, F., Windisch, T., Winkler, M., Winter, A., Winters, V., Wolf, S., Wright, A., Xanthopoulos, P., Yamada, H., Yamada, I., Yasuhara, R., Yokoyama, M., Zarnstorff, M., Zeitler, A., Zhang, H., Zhu, J., Zilker, M., Zocco, A., Zoletnik, S., Zuin, M., Science and Technology of Nuclear Fusion, Turbulence in Fusion Plasmas, and W7-X Team, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Max Planck Society
Subjects: Physics, Technology, Plasma parameters, Divertor, Nuclear engineering, Plasma, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Electron cyclotron resonance, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, Magnetic field, law, 0103 physical sciences, Limiter, Wendelstein 7-X, 010306 general physics, ddc:600, Stellarator
Abstract: Wendelstein 7-X is the first comprehensively optimized stellarator aiming at good confinement with plasma parameters relevant to a future stellarator power plant. Plasma operation started in 2015 using a limiter configuration. After installing an uncooled magnetic island divertor, extending the energy limit from 4 to 80 MJ, operation continued in 2017. For this phase, the electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) capability was extended to 7 MW, and hydrogen pellet injection was implemented. The enhancements resulted in the highest triple product (6.5 × 1019 keV m-3 s) achieved in a stellarator until now. Plasma conditions [Te(0) ≈ Ti(0) ≈ 3.8 keV, τE > 200 ms] already were in the stellarator reactor-relevant ion-root plasma transport regime. Stable operation above the 2nd harmonic ECRH X-mode cutoff was demonstrated, which is instrumental for achieving high plasma densities in Wendelstein 7-X. Further important developments include the confirmation of low intrinsic error fields, the observation of current-drive induced instabilities, and first fast ion heating and confinement experiments. The efficacy of the magnetic island divertor was instrumental in achieving high performance in Wendelstein 7-X. Symmetrization of the heat loads between the ten divertor modules could be achieved by external resonant magnetic fields. Full divertor power detachment facilitated the extension of high power plasmas significantly beyond the energy limit of 80 MJ.
Published: 2019
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18. In vitro biomechanical comparison of headless compression versus cortex screws for fixation of simulated midbody proximal sesamoid bone fractures in horses

Author: Bryner, M F, primary, Valet, S, additional, Weisse, B, additional, Fürst, A E, additional, and Kümmerle, J M, additional
Published: 2019
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19. Major results from the first plasma campaign of the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator

Author: Wolf, R.C., primary, Ali, A., additional, Alonso, A., additional, Baldzuhn, J., additional, Beidler, C., additional, Beurskens, M., additional, Biedermann, C., additional, Bosch, H.-S., additional, Bozhenkov, S., additional, Brakel, R., additional, Dinklage, A., additional, Feng, Y., additional, Fuchert, G., additional, Geiger, J., additional, Grulke, O., additional, Helander, P., additional, Hirsch, M., additional, Höfel, U., additional, Jakubowski, M., additional, Knauer, J., additional, Kocsis, G., additional, König, R., additional, Kornejew, P., additional, Krämer-Flecken, A., additional, Krychowiak, M., additional, Landreman, M., additional, Langenberg, A., additional, Laqua, H.P., additional, Lazerson, S., additional, Maaßberg, H., additional, Marsen, S., additional, Marushchenko, M., additional, Moseev, D., additional, Niemann, H., additional, Pablant, N., additional, Pasch, E., additional, Rahbarnia, K., additional, Schlisio, G., additional, Stange, T., additional, Sunn Pedersen, T., additional, Svensson, J., additional, Szepesi, T., additional, Trimino Mora, H., additional, Turkin, Y., additional, Wauters, T., additional, Weir, G., additional, Wenzel, U., additional, Windisch, T., additional, Wurden, G., additional, Zhang, D., additional, Abramovic, I., additional, Äkäslompolo, S., additional, Aleynikov, P., additional, Aleynikova, K., additional, Alzbutas, R., additional, Anda, G., additional, Andreeva, T., additional, Ascasibar, E., additional, Assmann, J., additional, Baek, S.-G., additional, Banduch, M., additional, Barbui, T., additional, Barlak, M., additional, Baumann, K., additional, Behr, W., additional, Benndorf, A., additional, Bertuch, O., additional, Biel, W., additional, Birus, D., additional, Blackwell, B., additional, Blanco, E., additional, Blatzheim, M., additional, Bluhm, T., additional, Böckenhoff, D., additional, Bolgert, P., additional, Borchardt, M., additional, Borsuk, V., additional, Boscary, J., additional, Böttger, L.-G., additional, Brand, H., additional, Brandt, Ch., additional, Bräuer, T., additional, Braune, H., additional, Brezinsek, S., additional, Brunner, K.-J., additional, Brünner, B., additional, Burhenn, R., additional, Buttenschön, B., additional, Bykov, V., additional, Calvo, I., additional, Cannas, B., additional, Cappa, A., additional, Carls, A., additional, Carraro, L., additional, Carvalho, B., additional, Castejon, F., additional, Charl, A., additional, Chernyshev, F., additional, Cianciosa, M., additional, Citarella, R., additional, Ciupiński, Ł., additional, Claps, G., additional, Cole, M., additional, Cole, M.J., additional, Cordella, F., additional, Cseh, G., additional, Czarnecka, A., additional, Czermak, A., additional, Czerski, K., additional, Czerwinski, M., additional, Czymek, G., additional, da Molin, A., additional, da Silva, A., additional, Dammertz, G., additional, Danielson, J., additional, de la Pena, A., additional, Degenkolbe, S., additional, Denner, P., additional, Dhard, D.P., additional, Dostal, M., additional, Drevlak, M., additional, Drewelow, P., additional, Drews, Ph., additional, Dudek, A., additional, Dundulis, G., additional, Durodie, F., additional, van Eeten, P., additional, Effenberg, F., additional, Ehrke, G., additional, Endler, M., additional, Ennis, D., additional, Erckmann, E., additional, Esteban, H., additional, Estrada, T., additional, Fahrenkamp, N., additional, Feist, J.-H., additional, Fellinger, J., additional, Fernandes, H., additional, Fietz, W.H., additional, Figacz, W., additional, Fontdecaba, J., additional, Ford, O., additional, Fornal, T., additional, Frerichs, H., additional, Freund, A., additional, Führer, M., additional, Funaba, T., additional, Galkowski, A., additional, Gantenbein, G., additional, Gao, Y., additional, García Regaña, J., additional, Garcia-Munoz, M., additional, Gates, D., additional, Gawlik, G., additional, Geiger, B., additional, Giannella, V., additional, Gierse, N., additional, Gogoleva, A., additional, Goncalves, B., additional, Goriaev, A., additional, Gradic, D., additional, Grahl, M., additional, Green, J., additional, Grosman, A., additional, Grote, H., additional, Gruca, M., additional, Guerard, C., additional, Haiduk, L., additional, Han, X., additional, Harberts, F., additional, Harris, J.H., additional, Hartfuß, H.-J., additional, Hartmann, D., additional, Hathiramani, D., additional, Hein, B., additional, Heinemann, B., additional, Heitzenroeder, P., additional, Henneberg, S., additional, Hennig, C., additional, Hernandez Sanchez, J., additional, Hidalgo, C., additional, Hölbe, H., additional, Hollfeld, K.P., additional, Hölting, A., additional, Höschen, D., additional, Houry, M., additional, Howard, J., additional, Huang, X., additional, Huber, M., additional, Huber, V., additional, Hunger, H., additional, Ida, K., additional, Ilkei, T., additional, Illy, S., additional, Israeli, B., additional, Ivanov, A., additional, Jablonski, S., additional, Jagielski, J., additional, Jelonnek, J., additional, Jenzsch, H., additional, Junghans, P., additional, Kacmarczyk, J., additional, Kaliatka, T., additional, Kallmeyer, J.-P., additional, Kamionka, U., additional, Karalevicius, R., additional, Kasahara, H., additional, Kasparek, W., additional, Kenmochi, N., additional, Keunecke, M., additional, Khilchenko, A., additional, Kinna, D., additional, Kleiber, R., additional, Klinger, T., additional, Knaup, M., additional, Kobarg, Th., additional, Köchl, F., additional, Kolesnichenko, Y., additional, Könies, A., additional, Köppen, M., additional, Koshurinov, J., additional, Koslowski, R., additional, Köster, F., additional, Koziol, R., additional, Krämer, M., additional, Krampitz, R., additional, Kraszewsk, P., additional, Krawczyk, N., additional, Kremeyer, T., additional, Krings, Th., additional, Krom, J., additional, Krzesinski, G., additional, Ksiazek, I., additional, Kubkowska, M., additional, Kühner, G., additional, Kurki-Suonio, T., additional, Kwak, S., additional, Lang, R., additional, Langish, S., additional, Laqua, H., additional, Laube, R., additional, Lechte, C., additional, Lennartz, M., additional, Leonhardt, W., additional, Lewerentz, L., additional, Liang, Y., additional, Linsmeier, Ch., additional, Liu, S., additional, Lobsien, J.-F., additional, Loesser, D., additional, Loizu Cisquella, J., additional, Lore, J., additional, Lorenz, A., additional, Losert, M., additional, Lubyako, L., additional, Lücke, A., additional, Lumsdaine, A., additional, Lutsenko, V., additional, Majano-Brown, J., additional, Marchuk, O., additional, Mardenfeld, M., additional, Marek, P., additional, Massidda, S., additional, Masuzaki, S., additional, Maurer, D., additional, McCarthy, K., additional, McNeely, P., additional, Meier, A., additional, Mellein, D., additional, Mendelevitch, B., additional, Mertens, Ph., additional, Mikkelsen, D., additional, Mishchenko, O., additional, Missal, B., additional, Mittelstaedt, J., additional, Mizuuchi, T., additional, Mollen, A., additional, Moncada, V., additional, Mönnich, T., additional, Morizaki, T., additional, Munk, R., additional, Murakami, S., additional, Musielok, F., additional, Náfrádi, G., additional, Nagel, M., additional, Naujoks, D., additional, Neilson, H., additional, Neubauer, O., additional, Neuner, U., additional, Ngo, T., additional, Nocentini, R., additional, Nührenberg, C., additional, Nührenberg, J., additional, Obermayer, S., additional, Offermanns, G., additional, Ogawa, K., additional, Ongena, J., additional, Oosterbeek, J.W., additional, Orozco, G., additional, Otte, M., additional, Pacios Rodriguez, L., additional, Pan, W., additional, Panadero, N., additional, Panadero Alvarez, N., additional, Panin, A., additional, Papenfuß, D., additional, Paqay, S., additional, Pavone, A., additional, Pawelec, E., additional, Pelka, G., additional, Peng, X., additional, Perseo, V., additional, Peterson, B., additional, Pieper, A., additional, Pilopp, D., additional, Pingel, S., additional, Pisano, F., additional, Plaum, B., additional, Plunk, G., additional, Povilaitis, M., additional, Preinhaelter, J., additional, Proll, J., additional, Puiatti, M.-E., additional, Puig Sitjes, A., additional, Purps, F., additional, Rack, M., additional, Récsei, S., additional, Reiman, A., additional, Reiter, D., additional, Remppel, F., additional, Renard, S., additional, Riedl, R., additional, Riemann, J., additional, Rimkevicius, S., additional, Riße, K., additional, Rodatos, A., additional, Röhlinger, H., additional, Romé, M., additional, Rong, P., additional, Roscher, H.-J., additional, Roth, B., additional, Rudischhauser, L., additional, Rummel, K., additional, Rummel, T., additional, Runov, A., additional, Rust, N., additional, Ryc, L., additional, Ryosuke, S., additional, Sakamoto, R., additional, Samartsev, A., additional, Sanchez, M., additional, Sano, F., additional, Satake, S., additional, Satheeswaran, G., additional, Schacht, J., additional, Schauer, F., additional, Scherer, T., additional, Schlaich, A., additional, Schlüter, K.-H., additional, Schmitt, J., additional, Schmitz, H., additional, Schmitz, O., additional, Schmuck, S., additional, Schneider, M., additional, Schneider, W., additional, Scholz, M., additional, Scholz, P., additional, Schrittwieser, R., additional, Schröder, M., additional, Schröder, T., additional, Schroeder, R., additional, Schumacher, H., additional, Schweer, B., additional, Shanahan, B., additional, Shikhovtsev, I.V., additional, Sibilia, M., additional, Sinha, P., additional, Sipliä, S., additional, Skodzik, J., additional, Slaby, C., additional, Smith, H., additional, Spiess, W., additional, Spong, D.A., additional, Spring, A., additional, Stadler, R., additional, Standley, B., additional, Stephey, L., additional, Stoneking, M., additional, Stridde, U., additional, Sulek, Z., additional, Surko, C., additional, Suzuki, Y., additional, Szabó, V., additional, Szabolics, T., additional, Szökefalvi-Nagy, Z., additional, Tamura, N., additional, Terra, A., additional, Terry, J., additional, Thomas, J., additional, Thomsen, H., additional, Thumm, M., additional, von Thun, C.P., additional, Timmermann, D., additional, Titus, P., additional, Toi, K., additional, Travere, J.M., additional, Traverso, P., additional, Tretter, J., additional, Tsuchiya, H., additional, Tsujimura, T., additional, Tulipán, S., additional, Turnyanskiy, M., additional, Unterberg, B., additional, Urban, J., additional, Urbonavicius, E., additional, Vakulchyk, I., additional, Valet, S., additional, van Millingen, B., additional, Vela, L., additional, Velasco, J.-L., additional, Vergote, M., additional, Vervier, M., additional, Vianello, N., additional, Viebke, H., additional, Vilbrandt, R., additional, Vorkörper, A., additional, Wadle, S., additional, Wagner, F., additional, Wang, E., additional, Wang, N., additional, Warmer, F., additional, Wegener, L., additional, Weggen, J., additional, Wei, Y., additional, Wendorf, J., additional, Werner, A., additional, Wiegel, B., additional, Wilde, F., additional, Winkler, E., additional, Winters, V., additional, Wolf, S., additional, Wolowski, J., additional, Wright, A., additional, Xanthopoulos, P., additional, Yamada, H., additional, Yamada, I., additional, Yasuhara, R., additional, Yokoyama, M., additional, Zajac, J., additional, Zarnstorff, M., additional, Zeitler, A., additional, Zhang, H., additional, Zhu, J., additional, Zilker, M., additional, Zimbal, A., additional, Zocco, A., additional, Zoletnik, S., additional, and Zuin, M., additional
Published: 2017
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20. Major results from the first plasma campaign of the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator

Author: Wolf, R.C., Ali, A., Alonso, A., Baldzuhn, J., Beidler, C., Beurskens, M., Biedermann, C., Bosch, H.-S., Bozhenkov, S., Brakel, R., Dinklage, A., Feng, Y., Fuchert, G., Geiger, J., Grulke, O., Helander, P., Hirsch, M., Höfel, U., Jakubowski, M., Knauer, J., Kocsis, G., König, R., Kornejew, P., Krämer-Flecken, A., Krychowiak, M., Landreman, M., Langenberg, A., Laqua, H.P., Lazerson, S., Maaßberg, H., Marsen, S., Marushchenko, M., Moseev, D., Niemann, H., Pablant, N., Pasch, E., Rahbarnia, K., Schlisio, G., Stange, T., Sunn Pedersen, T., Svensson, J., Szepesi, T., Trimino Mora, H., Turkin, Y., Wauters, T., Weir, G., Wenzel, U., Windisch, T., Wurden, G., Zhang, D., Abramovic, I., Äkäslompolo, S., Aleynikov, P., Aleynikova, K., Alzbutas, R., Anda, G., Andreeva, T., Ascasibar, E., Assmann, J., Baek, S.-G., Banduch, M., Barbui, T., Barlak, M., Baumann, K., Behr, W., Benndorf, A., Bertuch, O., Biel, W., Birus, D., Blackwell, B., Blanco, E., Blatzheim, M., Bluhm, T., Böckenhoff, D., Bolgert, P., Borchardt, M., Borsuk, V., Boscary, J., Böttger, L.-G., Brand, H., Brandt, Ch., Bräuer, T., Braune, H., Brezinsek, S., Brunner, K.-J., Brünner, B., Burhenn, R., Buttenschön, B., Bykov, V., Calvo, I., Cannas, B., Cappa, A., Carls, A., Carraro, L., Carvalho, B., Castejon, F., Charl, A., Chernyshev, F., Cianciosa, M., Citarella, R., Ciupiński, Ł., Claps, G., Cole, M., Cole, M.J., Cordella, F., Cseh, G., Czarnecka, A., Czermak, A., Czerski, K., Czerwinski, M., Czymek, G., da Molin, A., da Silva, A., Dammertz, G., Danielson, J., de la Pena, A., Degenkolbe, S., Denner, P., Dhard, D.P., Dostal, M., Drevlak, M., Drewelow, P., Drews, Ph., Dudek, A., Dundulis, G., Durodie, F., van Eeten, P., Effenberg, F., Ehrke, G., Endler, M., Ennis, D., Erckmann, E., Esteban, H., Estrada, T., Fahrenkamp, N., Feist, J.-H., Fellinger, J., Fernandes, H., Fietz, W.H., Figacz, W., Fontdecaba, J., Ford, O., Fornal, T., Frerichs, H., Freund, A., Führer, M., Funaba, T., Galkowski, A., Gantenbein, G., Gao, Y., García Regaña, J., Garcia-Munoz, M., Gates, D., Gawlik, G., Geiger, B., Giannella, V., Gierse, N., Gogoleva, A., Goncalves, B., Goriaev, A., Gradic, D., Grahl, M., Green, J., Grosman, A., Grote, H., Gruca, M., Guerard, C., Haiduk, L., Han, X., Harberts, F., Harris, J.H., Hartfuß, H.-J., Hartmann, D., Hathiramani, D., Hein, B., Heinemann, B., Heitzenroeder, P., Henneberg, S., Hennig, C., Hernandez Sanchez, J., Hidalgo, C., Hölbe, H., Hollfeld, K.P., Hölting, A., Höschen, D., Houry, M., Howard, J., Huang, X., Huber, M., Huber, V., Hunger, H., Ida, K., Ilkei, T., Illy, S., Israeli, B., Ivanov, A., Jablonski, S., Jagielski, J., Jelonnek, J., Jenzsch, H., Junghans, P., Kacmarczyk, J., Kaliatka, T., Kallmeyer, J.-P., Kamionka, U., Karalevicius, R., Kasahara, H., Kasparek, W., Kenmochi, N., Keunecke, M., Khilchenko, A., Kinna, D., Kleiber, R., Klinger, T., Knaup, M., Kobarg, Th., Köchl, F., Kolesnichenko, Y., Könies, A., Köppen, M., Koshurinov, J., Koslowski, R., Köster, F., Koziol, R., Krämer, M., Krampitz, R., Kraszewsk, P., Krawczyk, N., Kremeyer, T., Krings, Th., Krom, J., Krzesinski, G., Ksiazek, I., Kubkowska, M., Kühner, G., Kurki-Suonio, T., Kwak, S., Lang, R., Langish, S., Laqua, H., Laube, R., Lechte, C., Lennartz, M., Leonhardt, W., Lewerentz, L., Liang, Y., Linsmeier, Ch., Liu, S., Lobsien, J.-F., Loesser, D., Loizu Cisquella, J., Lore, J., Lorenz, A., Losert, M., Lubyako, L., Lücke, A., Lumsdaine, A., Lutsenko, V., Majano-Brown, J., Marchuk, O., Mardenfeld, M., Marek, P., Massidda, S., Masuzaki, S., Maurer, D., McCarthy, K., McNeely, P., Meier, A., Mellein, D., Mendelevitch, B., Mertens, Ph., Mikkelsen, D., Mishchenko, O., Missal, B., Mittelstaedt, J., Mizuuchi, T., Mollen, A., Moncada, V., Mönnich, T., Morizaki, T., Munk, R., Murakami, S., Musielok, F., Náfrádi, G., Nagel, M., Naujoks, D., Neilson, H., Neubauer, O., Neuner, U., Ngo, T., Nocentini, R., Nührenberg, C., Nührenberg, J., Obermayer, S., Offermanns, G., Ogawa, K., Ongena, J., Oosterbeek, J.W., Orozco, G., Otte, M., Pacios Rodriguez, L., Pan, W., Panadero, N., Panadero Alvarez, N., Panin, A., Papenfuß, D., Paqay, S., Pavone, A., Pawelec, E., Pelka, G., Peng, X., Perseo, V., Peterson, B., Pieper, A., Pilopp, D., Pingel, S., Pisano, F., Plaum, B., Plunk, G., Povilaitis, M., Preinhaelter, J., Proll, J., Puiatti, M.-E., Puig Sitjes, A., Purps, F., Rack, M., Récsei, S., Reiman, A., Reiter, D., Remppel, F., Renard, S., Riedl, R., Riemann, J., Rimkevicius, S., Riße, K., Rodatos, A., Röhlinger, H., Romé, M., Rong, P., Roscher, H.-J., Roth, B., Rudischhauser, L., Rummel, K., Rummel, T., Runov, A., Rust, N., Ryc, L., Ryosuke, S., Sakamoto, R., Samartsev, A., Sanchez, M., Sano, F., Satake, S., Satheeswaran, G., Schacht, J., Schauer, F., Scherer, T., Schlaich, A., Schlüter, K.-H., Schmitt, J., Schmitz, H., Schmitz, O., Schmuck, S., Schneider, M., Schneider, W., Scholz, M., Scholz, P., Schrittwieser, R., Schröder, M., Schröder, T., Schroeder, R., Schumacher, H., Schweer, B., Shanahan, B., Shikhovtsev, I.V., Sibilia, M., Sinha, P., Sipliä, S., Skodzik, J., Slaby, C., Smith, H., Spiess, W., Spong, D.A., Spring, A., Stadler, R., Standley, B., Stephey, L., Stoneking, M., Stridde, U., Sulek, Z., Surko, C., Suzuki, Y., Szabó, V., Szabolics, T., Szökefalvi-Nagy, Z., Tamura, N., Terra, A., Terry, J., Thomas, J., Thomsen, H., Thumm, M., von Thun, C.P., Timmermann, D., Titus, P., Toi, K., Travere, J.M., Traverso, P., Tretter, J., Tsuchiya, H., Tsujimura, T., Tulipán, S., Turnyanskiy, M., Unterberg, B., Urban, J., Urbonavicius, E., Vakulchyk, I., Valet, S., van Millingen, B., Vela, L., Velasco, J.-L., Vergote, M., Vervier, M., Vianello, N., Viebke, H., Vilbrandt, R., Vorkörper, A., Wadle, S., Wagner, F., Wang, E., Wang, N., Warmer, F., Wegener, L., Weggen, J., Wei, Y., Wendorf, J., Werner, A., Wiegel, B., Wilde, F., Winkler, E., Winters, V., Wolf, S., Wolowski, J., Wright, A., Xanthopoulos, P., Yamada, H., Yamada, I., Yasuhara, R., Yokoyama, M., Zajac, J., Zarnstorff, M., Zeitler, A., Zhang, H., Zhu, J., Zilker, M., Zimbal, A., Zocco, A., Zoletnik, S., Zuin, M., Wolf, R.C., Ali, A., Alonso, A., Baldzuhn, J., Beidler, C., Beurskens, M., Biedermann, C., Bosch, H.-S., Bozhenkov, S., Brakel, R., Dinklage, A., Feng, Y., Fuchert, G., Geiger, J., Grulke, O., Helander, P., Hirsch, M., Höfel, U., Jakubowski, M., Knauer, J., Kocsis, G., König, R., Kornejew, P., Krämer-Flecken, A., Krychowiak, M., Landreman, M., Langenberg, A., Laqua, H.P., Lazerson, S., Maaßberg, H., Marsen, S., Marushchenko, M., Moseev, D., Niemann, H., Pablant, N., Pasch, E., Rahbarnia, K., Schlisio, G., Stange, T., Sunn Pedersen, T., Svensson, J., Szepesi, T., Trimino Mora, H., Turkin, Y., Wauters, T., Weir, G., Wenzel, U., Windisch, T., Wurden, G., Zhang, D., Abramovic, I., Äkäslompolo, S., Aleynikov, P., Aleynikova, K., Alzbutas, R., Anda, G., Andreeva, T., Ascasibar, E., Assmann, J., Baek, S.-G., Banduch, M., Barbui, T., Barlak, M., Baumann, K., Behr, W., Benndorf, A., Bertuch, O., Biel, W., Birus, D., Blackwell, B., Blanco, E., Blatzheim, M., Bluhm, T., Böckenhoff, D., Bolgert, P., Borchardt, M., Borsuk, V., Boscary, J., Böttger, L.-G., Brand, H., Brandt, Ch., Bräuer, T., Braune, H., Brezinsek, S., Brunner, K.-J., Brünner, B., Burhenn, R., Buttenschön, B., Bykov, V., Calvo, I., Cannas, B., Cappa, A., Carls, A., Carraro, L., Carvalho, B., Castejon, F., Charl, A., Chernyshev, F., Cianciosa, M., Citarella, R., Ciupiński, Ł., Claps, G., Cole, M., Cole, M.J., Cordella, F., Cseh, G., Czarnecka, A., Czermak, A., Czerski, K., Czerwinski, M., Czymek, G., da Molin, A., da Silva, A., Dammertz, G., Danielson, J., de la Pena, A., Degenkolbe, S., Denner, P., Dhard, D.P., Dostal, M., Drevlak, M., Drewelow, P., Drews, Ph., Dudek, A., Dundulis, G., Durodie, F., van Eeten, P., Effenberg, F., Ehrke, G., Endler, M., Ennis, D., Erckmann, E., Esteban, H., Estrada, T., Fahrenkamp, N., Feist, J.-H., Fellinger, J., Fernandes, H., Fietz, W.H., Figacz, W., Fontdecaba, J., Ford, O., Fornal, T., Frerichs, H., Freund, A., Führer, M., Funaba, T., Galkowski, A., Gantenbein, G., Gao, Y., García Regaña, J., Garcia-Munoz, M., Gates, D., Gawlik, G., Geiger, B., Giannella, V., Gierse, N., Gogoleva, A., Goncalves, B., Goriaev, A., Gradic, D., Grahl, M., Green, J., Grosman, A., Grote, H., Gruca, M., Guerard, C., Haiduk, L., Han, X., Harberts, F., Harris, J.H., Hartfuß, H.-J., Hartmann, D., Hathiramani, D., Hein, B., Heinemann, B., Heitzenroeder, P., Henneberg, S., Hennig, C., Hernandez Sanchez, J., Hidalgo, C., Hölbe, H., Hollfeld, K.P., Hölting, A., Höschen, D., Houry, M., Howard, J., Huang, X., Huber, M., Huber, V., Hunger, H., Ida, K., Ilkei, T., Illy, S., Israeli, B., Ivanov, A., Jablonski, S., Jagielski, J., Jelonnek, J., Jenzsch, H., Junghans, P., Kacmarczyk, J., Kaliatka, T., Kallmeyer, J.-P., Kamionka, U., Karalevicius, R., Kasahara, H., Kasparek, W., Kenmochi, N., Keunecke, M., Khilchenko, A., Kinna, D., Kleiber, R., Klinger, T., Knaup, M., Kobarg, Th., Köchl, F., Kolesnichenko, Y., Könies, A., Köppen, M., Koshurinov, J., Koslowski, R., Köster, F., Koziol, R., Krämer, M., Krampitz, R., Kraszewsk, P., Krawczyk, N., Kremeyer, T., Krings, Th., Krom, J., Krzesinski, G., Ksiazek, I., Kubkowska, M., Kühner, G., Kurki-Suonio, T., Kwak, S., Lang, R., Langish, S., Laqua, H., Laube, R., Lechte, C., Lennartz, M., Leonhardt, W., Lewerentz, L., Liang, Y., Linsmeier, Ch., Liu, S., Lobsien, J.-F., Loesser, D., Loizu Cisquella, J., Lore, J., Lorenz, A., Losert, M., Lubyako, L., Lücke, A., Lumsdaine, A., Lutsenko, V., Majano-Brown, J., Marchuk, O., Mardenfeld, M., Marek, P., Massidda, S., Masuzaki, S., Maurer, D., McCarthy, K., McNeely, P., Meier, A., Mellein, D., Mendelevitch, B., Mertens, Ph., Mikkelsen, D., Mishchenko, O., Missal, B., Mittelstaedt, J., Mizuuchi, T., Mollen, A., Moncada, V., Mönnich, T., Morizaki, T., Munk, R., Murakami, S., Musielok, F., Náfrádi, G., Nagel, M., Naujoks, D., Neilson, H., Neubauer, O., Neuner, U., Ngo, T., Nocentini, R., Nührenberg, C., Nührenberg, J., Obermayer, S., Offermanns, G., Ogawa, K., Ongena, J., Oosterbeek, J.W., Orozco, G., Otte, M., Pacios Rodriguez, L., Pan, W., Panadero, N., Panadero Alvarez, N., Panin, A., Papenfuß, D., Paqay, S., Pavone, A., Pawelec, E., Pelka, G., Peng, X., Perseo, V., Peterson, B., Pieper, A., Pilopp, D., Pingel, S., Pisano, F., Plaum, B., Plunk, G., Povilaitis, M., Preinhaelter, J., Proll, J., Puiatti, M.-E., Puig Sitjes, A., Purps, F., Rack, M., Récsei, S., Reiman, A., Reiter, D., Remppel, F., Renard, S., Riedl, R., Riemann, J., Rimkevicius, S., Riße, K., Rodatos, A., Röhlinger, H., Romé, M., Rong, P., Roscher, H.-J., Roth, B., Rudischhauser, L., Rummel, K., Rummel, T., Runov, A., Rust, N., Ryc, L., Ryosuke, S., Sakamoto, R., Samartsev, A., Sanchez, M., Sano, F., Satake, S., Satheeswaran, G., Schacht, J., Schauer, F., Scherer, T., Schlaich, A., Schlüter, K.-H., Schmitt, J., Schmitz, H., Schmitz, O., Schmuck, S., Schneider, M., Schneider, W., Scholz, M., Scholz, P., Schrittwieser, R., Schröder, M., Schröder, T., Schroeder, R., Schumacher, H., Schweer, B., Shanahan, B., Shikhovtsev, I.V., Sibilia, M., Sinha, P., Sipliä, S., Skodzik, J., Slaby, C., Smith, H., Spiess, W., Spong, D.A., Spring, A., Stadler, R., Standley, B., Stephey, L., Stoneking, M., Stridde, U., Sulek, Z., Surko, C., Suzuki, Y., Szabó, V., Szabolics, T., Szökefalvi-Nagy, Z., Tamura, N., Terra, A., Terry, J., Thomas, J., Thomsen, H., Thumm, M., von Thun, C.P., Timmermann, D., Titus, P., Toi, K., Travere, J.M., Traverso, P., Tretter, J., Tsuchiya, H., Tsujimura, T., Tulipán, S., Turnyanskiy, M., Unterberg, B., Urban, J., Urbonavicius, E., Vakulchyk, I., Valet, S., van Millingen, B., Vela, L., Velasco, J.-L., Vergote, M., Vervier, M., Vianello, N., Viebke, H., Vilbrandt, R., Vorkörper, A., Wadle, S., Wagner, F., Wang, E., Wang, N., Warmer, F., Wegener, L., Weggen, J., Wei, Y., Wendorf, J., Werner, A., Wiegel, B., Wilde, F., Winkler, E., Winters, V., Wolf, S., Wolowski, J., Wright, A., Xanthopoulos, P., Yamada, H., Yamada, I., Yasuhara, R., Yokoyama, M., Zajac, J., Zarnstorff, M., Zeitler, A., Zhang, H., Zhu, J., Zilker, M., Zimbal, A., Zocco, A., Zoletnik, S., and Zuin, M.
Abstract: After completing the main construction phase of Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) and successfully commissioning the device, first plasma operation started at the end of 2015. Integral commissioning of plasma start-up and operation using electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) and an extensive set of plasma diagnostics have been completed, allowing initial physics studies during the first operational campaign. Both in helium and hydrogen, plasma breakdown was easily achieved. Gaining experience with plasma vessel conditioning, discharge lengths could be extended gradually. Eventually, discharges lasted up to 6 s, reaching an injected energy of 4 MJ, which is twice the limit originally agreed for the limiter configuration employed during the first operational campaign. At power levels of 4 MW central electron densities reached 3 × 1019 m−3, central electron temperatures reached values of 7 keV and ion temperatures reached just above 2 keV. Important physics studies during this first operational phase include a first assessment of power balance and energy confinement, ECRH power deposition experiments, 2nd harmonic O-mode ECRH using multi-pass absorption, and current drive experiments using electron cyclotron current drive. As in many plasma discharges the electron temperature exceeds the ion temperature significantly, these plasmas are governed by core electron root confinement showing a strong positive electric field in the plasma centre.
Published: 2017

21. Soil layer condensation peak as a response to soil water properties under Sudanese climatic conditions

Author: Valet, S., Motelica-Heino, Mikael, Ozier-Lafontaine, H., Passerelles, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INRA, Unité AgroPédoclimatique de la Zone Caraïbe, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de Recherche AgroPédoClimatique de la zone caraïbe (APC), and European Geosciences Union (EGU). DEU.
Subjects: SDU:ENVI, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Milieux et Changements globaux, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment
Abstract: International audience; The soil apparent density is strongly dependent on their physico-chemical properties. It can be negatively impacted by human activities such as soil work or animal pasture or natural salinity influenced by irrigation.. In contrast it can be improved for different depths by agricultural practices. A " condensation peak " defined as an increase in the apparent density was found for the heterogeneous soils of Niger for several profiles of 5 soil classes and for a very shallow depth (10 cm maximum) with a very variable extreme depth (from 35 to 150 cm) associated with extreme density values (from 1.45 to 2). The depth of this peak, for soils neither saline nor vertic, varies inversely with the proportion of soil fine elements (silts+clays). However it corresponds to an average value of useful water (AWC) of 100mm (CV=24.4%). In sodic and alkaline soils this peak can be observed at shallow depths (from 53 to 61cm with a CV from 15 to 40%), thus for much lower AWC values (from 74 to 87cm with a CV from 26 to 47%). It can be found either below or above an impermeable horizon of a maximal density of 2.. This peak is likely to be associated with a multi-annual alternance of humectation-dessication at this depth. Its occurrence is based on an interplay of intrinsic physical and hydric soil properties but also on extrisnic parameters sch as the pluviometry, the location at the scale of the watershed and the micromodelling.
Published: 2012

22. Targeting IL-17A in multiple myeloma: a potential novel therapeutic approach in myeloma

Author: Prabhala, R H, primary, Fulciniti, M, additional, Pelluru, D, additional, Rashid, N, additional, Nigroiu, A, additional, Nanjappa, P, additional, Pai, C, additional, Lee, S, additional, Prabhala, N S, additional, Bandi, R L, additional, Smith, R, additional, Lazo-Kallanian, S B, additional, Valet, S, additional, Raje, N, additional, Gold, J S, additional, Richardson, P G, additional, Daley, J F, additional, Anderson, K C, additional, Ettenberg, S A, additional, Di Padova, F, additional, and Munshi, N C, additional
Published: 2015
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23. Influence géomorphologique et structurale des sols sur le report hydrique : Conséquences sur le fonctionnement hydrique des sols et la biomasse en zone soudano-sahélienne

Author: Valet, S., Motelica-Heino, Mikael, Le Coustumer, Philippe, Passerelles, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans (ISTO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées, Bulletin, and POTHIER, Nathalie
Subjects: [SDU.STU.GM] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, biomasse, micromodelé, région soudano sahélienne, [SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, Report hydrique, ruissellement, croûtes, drainage, salinisation
Abstract: 21-22 nov. 2007; Cette étude démontre qu'en zone soudano-sahélienne, en année à pluviosité déficitaire, à différentes échelles, plusieurs facteurs physiques, chimiques et anthropiques des sols régissent le report hydrique, part bénéfique du ruissellement représentant "une irrigation naturelle, complémentaire et simultanée à la pluie qui l'a générée en fonction des conditions topographiques et micro morphologiques avec transfert complémentaire de fertilité ". En condition pluviale, l'encroûtement décroissant le long du versant favorise l'infiltration du report hydrique dans les unités de sol en bas de pente. A l'échelle du champ, il est encore maximisé par le micromodelé concave, par une compaction profonde moins forte et par le labour. L'augmentation des nutriments est de 13,4 à 10% et en éléments fins de 16,3 à 12,5% respectivement sous labour et grattage. Cette maximisation du report hydrique provoque un drainage significatif très localement. Sur les périmètres irrigués la salinisation renforce les facteurs de formation des croûtes et le ruissellement, réduisant drastiquement la capacité d'infiltration des sols. Il en résulte une limitation des réserves en eau utile malgré l'irrigation non contraignante. Ceci provoque une sécheresse édaphique. Dans ces deux conditions culturales cette baisse drastique des stocks hydriques due à la formation d'un encroûtement conduit à la réduction voire à l'annulation du rendement des cultures. Ces résultats montrent la difficulté qu'ont les chercheurs à expliquer la complexité du comportement et du fonctionnement hydrique sur l'ensemble d'un versant et à l'intérieur du champ pour comprendre la variabilité des rendements. L'identification, à l'échelle de la parcelle et sur le versant, des causes du ruissellement et du report hydrique et d'en mesurer l'effet sur la modification des stocks hydriques sur de faibles distances est nécessaire pour conceptualiser un aménagement raisonné, innovant et efficace des flux de surface.
Published: 2007

24. Rôle de l'encroûtement superficiel des sols sur leur fonctionnement hydrique : Conséquences hydrologiques et hydro-pédologiques

Author: Valet, S., Le Coustumer, Philippe, Motelica-Heino, Mikael, Passerelles, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans (ISTO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées, and POTHIER, Nathalie
Subjects: [SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDU.STU.HY] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, [SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology
Abstract: National audience; Tous les sols, du climat tempéré à tropical, sont susceptibles de s'encroûter superficiellement pour de très larges conditions d'utilisation et d'environnement. Des études à différentes échelles montrent que ces croûtes contrôlent les flux hydriques superficiels des éco(agro)systèmes. En zone soudano sahélienne, elles sont à l'origine de la variabilité, à différents niveaux scalaires, des transferts hydriques, de fertilité, de matériaux érodés et de la salinité fortement modifiée par le changement climatique. Sur les périmètres irrigués, la formation des croûtes sous les pluies et sous le ruissellement est grandement accélérée par la salinisation croissante due à une eau du fleuve Niger déséquilibrée dans le pôle alcalin (Niger) ou de plus en plus chargée en sels dans le fleuve Syr Daria (Kazakhstan). L'encroûtement provoque alors la sécheresse édaphique avec chute des rendements. Aucune classification taxonomique pédologique ne prend en compte l'existence de ces croûtes et de leur effet hydropédologique ni hydrologique. On comprendra le parti que pourrait tirer la recherche pédologique et agronomique par la refondation d'une nouvelle classification taxonomique des sols prenant en compte ces processus en accord avec leur susceptibilité intrinsèques à s'encroûter.
Published: 2007

25. Variabilité structurale et physico-chimique des croûtes superficielles des sols de la vallée du Syr Daria (Kazakhstan)

Author: Valet, S., Le Coustumer, Philippe, Motelica-Heino, Mikael, Galaud, S., POTHIER, Nathalie, Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées, Passerelles, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans (ISTO), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, aridisation, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, MEB, [SDU.STU.HY] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, microporosité, [SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, sols, Désert froid, croûtes, Kazakhstan, salinisation
Abstract: International audience; Toutes les régions arides et semi-arides sont le lieu de nombreux types de croûtes physiques et micro ou cryptobiologiques (Afrique, Israël, Australie, USA, Chili). Les micro horizons durs formés sur la surface du sol sont le résultat de processus naturels principalement l'impact des gouttes de pluies, le ruissellement et le dessèchement et anthropiques tel que l'irrigation et le travail du sol. Une prospection réalisée au Kazakhstan, en 2003, a démontré, pour la première fois l'existence d'un tel encroûtement sur les sols cultivés ou non de la vallée du Syr Daria. L'étude de ces croûtes fait apparaître leur extrême variabilité physique, chimique et microbiologique. Toutefois le milieu spécifique du Kazakhstan conduit à la formation de nombreuses variantes et même à celle de croûtes apparemment spécifiques. L'analyse en composantes principales fait apparaître que seulement 4 variables sont suffisantes pour expliquer la variabilité des sites (longitude, épaisseur et largeur des fentes et couvert végétal). Les trois premiers axes expliquent 92,7% de l'inertie totale des données. Le premier axe, climatique, explique 54,4% de la variance des échantillons et le second, physique, explique 27,7%. Les quatorze échantillons de croûtes étudiés sont très bien classés par ces quatre facteurs physiques, géographiques et biotiques (R=0,90). Les analyses au RX indiquent une forte salinité de ces croûtes qui croit vers l'ouest, à l'exemple des sols. Les images microscopiques (MEB et classique) montrent une forte hétérogénéité structurale avec des micropores variables d'un site à l'autre. Les mesures porosimétrique confirment bien cette variabilité qui traduit les caractéristiques spécifiques de cette région. Cette variabilité des croûtes confère aux champs une variabilité des conditions hydrologiques, géochimiques et d'érodibilité qui devront être prises en compte dans le cadre de réhabilitation des sols des périmètres irrigués comme dans le contrôle d'un pâturage rationnel. Ces premiers résultats montrent que les politiques d'aménagement des périmètres irrigués et des zones de parcours d'élevage doivent intégrer le rôle spécifique des diverses croûtes en fonction de l'importance de leur effet dans la stabilité du milieu. Pour identifier ce rôle, leur étude doit être entreprise de façon systématique car leur présence est généralisée et dominante. Pour ce faire il faut démarrer une étude des mécanismes d'encroûtement et de la salinisation pour la compréhension et la prédiction des processus de ce type de dégradation des différents agro/écosystèmes.
Published: 2007

26. Technical challenges in the construction of the steady-state stellarator Wendelstein 7-X

Author: Bosch, H.-S., primary, Wolf, R.C., additional, Andreeva, T., additional, Baldzuhn, J., additional, Birus, D., additional, Bluhm, T., additional, Bräuer, T., additional, Braune, H., additional, Bykov, V., additional, Cardella, A., additional, Durodié, F., additional, Endler, M., additional, Erckmann, V., additional, Gantenbein, G., additional, Hartmann, D., additional, Hathiramani, D., additional, Heimann, P., additional, Heinemann, B., additional, Hennig, C., additional, Hirsch, M., additional, Holtum, D., additional, Jagielski, J., additional, Jelonnek, J., additional, Kasparek, W., additional, Klinger, T., additional, König, R., additional, Kornejew, P., additional, Kroiss, H., additional, Krom, J.G., additional, Kühner, G., additional, Laqua, H., additional, Laqua, H.P., additional, Lechte, C., additional, Lewerentz, M., additional, Maier, J., additional, McNeely, P., additional, Messiaen, A., additional, Michel, G., additional, Ongena, J., additional, Peacock, A., additional, Pedersen, T.S., additional, Riedl, R., additional, Riemann, H., additional, Rong, P., additional, Rust, N., additional, Schacht, J., additional, Schauer, F., additional, Schroeder, R., additional, Schweer, B., additional, Spring, A., additional, Stäbler, A., additional, Thumm, M., additional, Turkin, Y., additional, Wegener, L., additional, Werner, A., additional, Zhang, D., additional, Zilker, M., additional, Akijama, T., additional, Alzbutas, R., additional, Ascasibar, E., additional, Balden, M., additional, Banduch, M., additional, Baylard, Ch., additional, Behr, W., additional, Beidler, C., additional, Benndorf, A., additional, Bergmann, T., additional, Biedermann, C., additional, Bieg, B., additional, Biel, W., additional, Borchardt, M., additional, Borowitz, G., additional, Borsuk, V., additional, Bozhenkov, S., additional, Brakel, R., additional, Brand, H., additional, Brown, T., additional, Brucker, B., additional, Burhenn, R., additional, Buscher, K.-P., additional, Caldwell-Nichols, C., additional, Cappa, A., additional, Carls, A., additional, Carvalho, P., additional, Ciupiński, Ł., additional, Cole, M., additional, Collienne, J., additional, Czarnecka, A., additional, Czymek, G., additional, Dammertz, G., additional, Dhard, C.P., additional, Davydenko, V.I., additional, Dinklage, A., additional, Drevlak, M., additional, Drotziger, S., additional, Dudek, A., additional, Dumortier, P., additional, Dundulis, G., additional, Eeten, P.v., additional, Egorov, K., additional, Estrada, T., additional, Faugel, H., additional, Fellinger, J., additional, Feng, Y., additional, Fernandes, H., additional, Fietz, W.H., additional, Figacz, W., additional, Fischer, F., additional, Fontdecaba, J., additional, Freund, A., additional, Funaba, T., additional, Fünfgelder, H., additional, Galkowski, A., additional, Gates, D., additional, Giannone, L., additional, García Regaña, J.M., additional, Geiger, J., additional, Geißler, S., additional, Greuner, H., additional, Grahl, M., additional, Groß, S., additional, Grosman, A., additional, Grote, H., additional, Grulke, O., additional, Haas, M., additional, Haiduk, L., additional, Hartfuß, H.-J., additional, Harris, J.H., additional, Haus, D., additional, Hein, B., additional, Heitzenroeder, P., additional, Helander, P., additional, Heller, R., additional, Hidalgo, C., additional, Hildebrandt, D., additional, Höhnle, H., additional, Holtz, A., additional, Holzhauer, E., additional, Holzthüm, R., additional, Huber, A., additional, Hunger, H., additional, Hurd, F., additional, Ihrke, M., additional, Illy, S., additional, Ivanov, A., additional, Jablonski, S., additional, Jaksic, N., additional, Jakubowski, M., additional, Jaspers, R., additional, Jensen, H., additional, Jenzsch, H., additional, Kacmarczyk, J., additional, Kaliatk, T., additional, Kallmeyer, J., additional, Kamionka, U., additional, Karaleviciu, R., additional, Kern, S., additional, Keunecke, M., additional, Kleiber, R., additional, Knauer, J., additional, Koch, R., additional, Kocsis, G., additional, Könies, A., additional, Köppen, M., additional, Koslowski, R., additional, Koshurinov, J., additional, Krämer-Flecken, A., additional, Krampitz, R., additional, Kravtsov, Y., additional, Krychowiak, M., additional, Krzesinski, G., additional, Ksiazek, I., additional, Kubkowska, M., additional, Kus, A., additional, Langish, S., additional, Laube, R., additional, Laux, M., additional, Lazerson, S., additional, Lennartz, M., additional, Li, C., additional, Lietzow, R., additional, Lohs, A., additional, Lorenz, A., additional, Louche, F., additional, Lubyako, L., additional, Lumsdaine, A., additional, Lyssoivan, A., additional, Maaßberg, H., additional, Marek, P., additional, Martens, C., additional, Marushchenko, N., additional, Mayer, M., additional, Mendelevitch, B., additional, Mertens, Ph., additional, Mikkelsen, D., additional, Mishchenko, A., additional, Missal, B., additional, Mizuuchi, T., additional, Modrow, H., additional, Mönnich, T., additional, Morizaki, T., additional, Murakami, S., additional, Musielok, F., additional, Nagel, M., additional, Naujoks, D., additional, Neilson, H., additional, Neubauer, O., additional, Neuner, U., additional, Nocentini, R., additional, Noterdaeme, J.-M., additional, Nührenberg, C., additional, Obermayer, S., additional, Offermanns, G., additional, Oosterbeek, H., additional, Otte, M., additional, Panin, A., additional, Pap, M., additional, Paquay, S., additional, Pasch, E., additional, Peng, X., additional, Petrov, S., additional, Pilopp, D., additional, Pirsch, H., additional, Plaum, B., additional, Pompon, F., additional, Povilaitis, M., additional, Preinhaelter, J., additional, Prinz, O., additional, Purps, F., additional, Rajna, T., additional, Récsei, S., additional, Reiman, A., additional, Reiter, D., additional, Remmel, J., additional, Renard, S., additional, Rhode, V., additional, Riemann, J., additional, Rimkevicius, S., additional, Riße, K., additional, Rodatos, A., additional, Rodin, I., additional, Romé, M., additional, Roscher, H.-J., additional, Rummel, K., additional, Rummel, Th., additional, Runov, A., additional, Ryc, L., additional, Sachtleben, J., additional, Samartsev, A., additional, Sanchez, M., additional, Sano, F., additional, Scarabosio, A., additional, Schmid, M., additional, Schmitz, H., additional, Schmitz, O., additional, Schneider, M., additional, Schneider, W., additional, Scheibl, L., additional, Scholz, M., additional, Schröder, G., additional, Schröder, M., additional, Schruff, J., additional, Schumacher, H., additional, Shikhovtsev, I.V., additional, Shoji, M., additional, Siegl, G., additional, Skodzik, J., additional, Smirnow, M., additional, Speth, E., additional, Spong, D.A., additional, Stadler, R., additional, Sulek, Z., additional, Szabó, V., additional, Szabolics, T., additional, Szetefi, T., additional, Szökefalvi-Nagy, Z., additional, Tereshchenko, A., additional, Thomsen, H., additional, Timmermann, D., additional, Tittes, H., additional, Toi, K., additional, Tournianski, M., additional, Toussaint, U.v., additional, Tretter, J., additional, Tulipán, S., additional, Turba, P., additional, Uhlemann, R., additional, Urban, J., additional, Urbonavicius, E., additional, Urlings, P., additional, Valet, S., additional, Van Eester, D., additional, Van Schoor, M., additional, Vervier, M., additional, Viebke, H., additional, Vilbrandt, R., additional, Vrancken, M., additional, Wauters, T., additional, Weissgerber, M., additional, Weiß, E., additional, Weller, A., additional, Wendorf, J., additional, Wenzel, U., additional, Windisch, T., additional, Winkler, E., additional, Winkler, M., additional, Wolowski, J., additional, Wolters, J., additional, Wrochna, G., additional, Xanthopoulos, P., additional, Yamada, H., additional, Yokoyama, M., additional, Zacharias, D., additional, Zajac, J., additional, Zangl, G., additional, Zarnstorff, M., additional, Zeplien, H., additional, Zoletnik, S., additional, and Zuin, M., additional
Published: 2013
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27. Approche statistique et prédiction du comportement et du fonctionnement hydriques des sols : application aux sols hétérogènes de la vallée du Niger

Author: Valet, S.
Subjects: Sol, Méthode statistique, Sciences du sol, Infiltration, Bilan hydrique du sol, Périmètre irrigué, Densité du sol, P10 - Ressources en eau et leur gestion, Teneur en eau du sol, Système poral du sol
Abstract: Au Niger, le climat sahélien se caractérise par un déficit d'alimentation en eau des plantes aggravé, depuis 1968, par une sécheresse persistante. Aussi la création de périmètres irrigués devrait assurer l'augmentation de la production agricole. Or on a constaté leur abandon par les paysans. Le dysfonctionnement hydrique des sols apparaît l'hypothèse d'explication la plus vraisemblable. Une étude fondamentale sur le comportement et le fonctionnement hydriques des sols hétérogènes de la vallée du Niger a été réalisée. L'analyse en composantes principales, portant sur les horizons, a permis d'élaborer une typologie simplifiée des sols. L'analyse statistique élémentaire, traitant de la variabilité verticale de ces sous-groupes, a fourni les lois de distribution de leurs propriétés physiques, hydriques et hydrodynamiques. L'analyse géostatistique a décelé l'existence d'une variabilité spatiale horizontale d'une unité pédologique cartographiée homogène au 1/25 000e. L'approche déterministe a montré le rôle important du Na, du pH et de la densité apparente sur la variabilité des humidités remarquables et des porosités. Il est possible de classer ces sols en un nombre minimum d'hydrosystèmes dont le fonctionnement peut être prédit avec une fiabilité suffisante
Published: 1995

28. Neuvième réunion du Réseau Erosion

Author: Valet, S., Sène, M., Pérèz, P., and Sarr, P.S.
Subjects: BASSIN VERSANT, AMENAGEMENT DU SOL, BILAN HYDRIQUE, ETUDE EXPERIMENTALE, DEGRADATION DU SOL, RUISSELLEMENT
Published: 1993

29. Mechanical Effects of Heat Exposure From a Bipolar Radiofrequency Probe on Suture Under Simulated Arthroscopic Conditions

Author: Dominik C. Meyer, Sebastian Valet, Bernhard Weisse, Beatrice Fischer, University of Zurich, and Valet, S
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Ultimate load, Hot Temperature, 610 Medicine & health, RF probe, Tendons, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Arthroscopy, 2732 Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, 0302 clinical medicine, Suture (anatomy), Tensile Strength, Ultimate tensile strength, Materials Testing, Polyethylene terephthalate, Medicine, Ultimate failure, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Bipolar radiofrequency, Power setting, 030222 orthopedics, Sutures, business.industry, Suture Techniques, 030229 sport sciences, Surgery, chemistry, Catheter Ablation, 10046 Balgrist University Hospital, Swiss Spinal Cord Injury Center, business, Biomedical engineering
Abstract: Purpose To determine conditions for the safe use of radiofrequency (RF) tissue ablation probes that avoid damaging suture material. Methods Four sutures made of 3 different materials commonly used in arthroscopic procedures were analyzed in a saline bath related to effects of RF-produced heat by proximity, duration, and intensity settings measuring burn-through time and ultimate load to failure. The parameters tested were electrode-to-suture distance, power setting, and the presence of tendon tissue or metallic anchor eyelets. Outcome variables were the burn-through time and the ultimate failure load of differently treated suture samples. Results Mean burn-through time for suture in direct contact with the RF probe ranged from 57.2 to 14.7 seconds for ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) sutures, 1.1 seconds for polydioxanone suture, and 0.8 seconds for polyethylene terephthalate suture. One of the UHMWPE sutures was capable of withstanding 3 seconds of direct contact with the RF probe without any compromise in tensile strength. No suture material tested had any mechanical change as long as the RF probe was kept 1 mm from the suture. Conclusions Heat from RF tissue ablation probes can cause undetected damage. High-strength UHMWPE sutures were less sensitive to an RF treatment than polyester sutures. The use of different test substrates did not significantly influence the burn through time. Clinical Relevance Heat from RF probes can damage some suture material if direct contact is made even briefly. The use of RF devices may be safe for the suture when a distance between probe and suture of >1 mm is maintained. Suture made from UHMWPE may tolerate up to 3 seconds of RF probe contact and not sustain significant damage. Surgeons must use great care when using RF devices in the vicinity of suture placement.
Published: 2015

30. Novel press-fit technique of patellar bone plug in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is comparable to interference screw fixation.

Author: Häberli J, Heilgemeir M, Valet S, Aiyangar A, Overes T, Henle P, and Eggli S
Subjects: Animals, Anterior Cruciate Ligament surgery, Biomechanical Phenomena, Bone Screws, Patella surgery, Swine, Tendons surgery, Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries surgery, Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction, Patellar Ligament surgery
Abstract: Purpose: Conventional press-fit technique for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is performed with extraction drilling of the femoral bone tunnel and manual shaping of the patellar bone plug. However, the disadvantages of this technique include variation in bone plug size and, thus, the strength of the press-fit fixation, bone loss with debris distribution within the knee joint, potential heat necrosis, and metal wear debris due to abrasion of the guide wire. To overcome these disadvantages, a novel technique involving punching of the femoral bone tunnel and standardized compression of the bone plug was introduced. In this study, the fixation strength and apparent stiffness were tested and compared to that of the gold-standard interference screw fixation technique in three flexion angle configurations (0°/45°/90°) in a porcine model. We hypothesized that the newly developed standardized press fit fixation would not be inferior to the gold standard method., Methods: Sixty skeletally mature porcine knees (30 pairs) were used. Full-thickness central third patellar tendon strips were harvested, including a patellar bone cylinder of 9.5 mm in diameter. The specimens were randomly assigned to 10 pairs per loading angle (0°, 45°, 90°). One side of each pair was prepared with the press-fit technique, and the contra-lateral side was prepared with interference screw fixation. Equivalent numbers of left- and right-sided samples were used for both fixation systems. A three-way multifactor ANOVA was carried out to check for the influence of (a) fixation type, (b) flexion angle, and (c) side of the bone pair., Results: The primary fixation strength of femoral press-fit graft fixation with punched tunnels and standardized bone plug compression did not differ significantly from that of interference screw fixation (p = 0.51), which had mean loads to failure of 422.4 ± 134.6 N and 445.4 ± 135.8 N, respectively. The flexion angle had a significant influence on the maximal load to failure (p = 0.01). Load values were highest in 45° flexion for both fixations. The anatomical side R/L was not a statistically significant factor (p = 0.79)., Conclusion: The primary fixation strength of femoral press-fit graft fixation with punched femoral tunnels and standardized bone plug compression is equivalent to that of interference screw fixation in a porcine model. Therefore, the procedure represents an effective method for ACL reconstruction with patellar or quadriceps tendon autografts including a patellar bone plug., (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
Published: 2022
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31. The Effect of Reducing the Bone to Cast Distance in an Equine Transfixation Pin Cast: An Ex Vivo Biomechanical Study.

Author: Bernath CM, Valet S, Rossignol F, Weisse B, Fürst AE, and Kümmerle JM
Subjects: Animals, Biomechanical Phenomena, Horses, Bone Nails veterinary, Metacarpal Bones surgery
Abstract: Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of reducing the bone to cast distance on the resistance of the pin to cyclic loading in equine transfixation pin casts., Study Design: Eleven pairs of cadaveric equine third metacarpal bones were prepared and one 6.3/8.0 mm transfixation pin was placed in standard fashion 10 mm proximal to the distal physeal scar into each bone. One metacarpus of each pair was tested with a distance of 10 mm (10 mm group) and the contralateral metacarpus with a distance of 20 mm (20 mm group) between the outer cortex of the bone and the fixation of the pin. Eight pairs were tested using a simplified test set-up in which the pins were fastened at both ends to polyoxymethylene-copolymer sleeves. The pins of the remaining three pairs of bones were incorporated into a fibreglass cast. All specimens were tested under cyclic loading until failure of the pin in axial compression., Results: All pins failed uni- or bilaterally at clinically relevant load levels. Pins of the 10 mm group endured significantly ( p < 0.05) higher load levels and total number of cycles until failure compared with the pins of the 20 mm group., Conclusion: The distance between the bone surface and the cast at the location of pin insertion has a significant effect on resistance of the pins to cyclic loading. Therefore, the amount of padding applied underneath an equine transfixation pin cast can have an influence on the overall stability and durability of the construct., Competing Interests: None declared., (Thieme. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2021
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32. Spectroscopic characterization of tissue and liquids during arthroscopic radio-frequency ablation.

Author: Cornaz F, Valet S, and Meyer DC
Subjects: Animals, Spectrum Analysis, Swine, Catheter Ablation, Radiofrequency Ablation
Abstract: Purpose: Radio-frequency ablation devices generating a local plasma are widely used as a safe and precise tool for tissue removal in arthroscopic surgeries. During this process, specific light emissions are generated. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic potential of optical emission spectrum analysis for liquid and tissue characterization., Methods: The emissions in different saline solutions and during porcine tendon, muscle, and bone tissue ablation were recorded and analyzed in the range of 200-1000 nm., Results: Specific atomic lines (Na, K, Ca, H, O, W) and molecular bands (OH, CN, C2) were identified, originating from compounds in the liquids and tissues in contact with the probe. A linear correlation between the concentration of both Na and K in solution with the intensities of their spectral lines was observed (Na: R 2 = 0.986, P < 0.001; K: R 2 = 0.963, P < 0.001). According to the Wilcoxon rank-sum test, the Ca- and K-peak intensities between all three tissue samples and the CN-peak intensities between muscle and bone and tendon and bone differed significantly (P < 0.05)., Conclusions: These findings prove the general feasibility of spectroscopic analysis as a tool for characterization of liquids and tissues ablated during radio-frequency ablation. This method can potentially be further developed into an intraoperative, real-time diagnostic feature aiding the surgical team in further optimizing the procedure., (© 2020 American Association of Physicists in Medicine.)
Published: 2020
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33. Problem of Pin Breakage in Equine Transfixation Pin Casting: Biomechanical Ex Vivo Testing of Four Different Pins.

Author: Keller SA, Valet S, Martens A, Weisse B, Fürst AE, and Kümmerle JM
Subjects: Animals, Biomechanical Phenomena, Bone Nails adverse effects, Cadaver, Materials Testing, Bone Nails veterinary, Horses surgery, Prosthesis Failure
Abstract: Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate cyclic fatigue behaviour of a new pin with a thread run-out design in comparison with three other types of pins commonly used for equine transfixation pin casting., Materials and Methods: Twenty-four pairs of equine cadaveric third metacarpal bones (MC3) equipped with one transfixation pin placed horizontally in the distal metaphysis were tested using a simplified model, mimicking the biomechanical situation of equine transfixation pin casting. A 6.3/8.0-mm Imex Duraface pin with thread run-out design (ITROP) was compared with a 6.1-mm smooth Steinmann pin (SSP), a Securos 6.2-mm, positive-profile pin (SPPP) and an Imex 6.3-mm, positive-profile pin (IPPP) under cyclic loading until failure in axial compression of MC3., Results: All pins broke at clinically relevant load levels and cycle numbers. The SSP endured significantly ( p = 0.0025) more cycles before failure (mean: 48685) than the ITROP (mean 25889). No significant differences in cycles to failure were observed comparing the SPPP versus ITROP, and the IPPP versus ITROP, respectively., Clinical Significance: A thread run-out design does not necessarily lead to higher resistance against pin breakage under cyclic loading conditions. The SSP was most resistant against cyclic failure in these testing conditions, even though it was associated with more lateromedial displacement and cortical wear-out. This could outweigh reported disadvantages of the SSP such as reduced resistance to axial extraction and pin loosening., Competing Interests: None declared., (Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.)
Published: 2019
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34. Mechanical Effects of Heat Exposure From a Bipolar Radiofrequency Probe on Suture Under Simulated Arthroscopic Conditions.

Author: Valet S, Weisse B, Fischer B, and Meyer DC
Subjects: Hot Temperature, Humans, Tensile Strength, Arthroscopy, Catheter Ablation, Materials Testing methods, Suture Techniques instrumentation, Sutures, Tendons surgery
Abstract: Purpose: To determine conditions for the safe use of radiofrequency (RF) tissue ablation probes that avoid damaging suture material., Methods: Four sutures made of 3 different materials commonly used in arthroscopic procedures were analyzed in a saline bath related to effects of RF-produced heat by proximity, duration, and intensity settings measuring burn-through time and ultimate load to failure. The parameters tested were electrode-to-suture distance, power setting, and the presence of tendon tissue or metallic anchor eyelets. Outcome variables were the burn-through time and the ultimate failure load of differently treated suture samples., Results: Mean burn-through time for suture in direct contact with the RF probe ranged from 57.2 to 14.7 seconds for ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) sutures, 1.1 seconds for polydioxanone suture, and 0.8 seconds for polyethylene terephthalate suture. One of the UHMWPE sutures was capable of withstanding 3 seconds of direct contact with the RF probe without any compromise in tensile strength. No suture material tested had any mechanical change as long as the RF probe was kept 1 mm from the suture., Conclusions: Heat from RF tissue ablation probes can cause undetected damage. High-strength UHMWPE sutures were less sensitive to an RF treatment than polyester sutures. The use of different test substrates did not significantly influence the burn through time., Clinical Relevance: Heat from RF probes can damage some suture material if direct contact is made even briefly. The use of RF devices may be safe for the suture when a distance between probe and suture of >1 mm is maintained. Suture made from UHMWPE may tolerate up to 3 seconds of RF probe contact and not sustain significant damage. Surgeons must use great care when using RF devices in the vicinity of suture placement., (Copyright © 2016 Arthroscopy Association of North America. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2016
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35. Are asymmetric metal markings on the cone surface of ceramic femoral heads an indication of entrapped debris?

Author: Valet S, Weisse B, Kuebler J, Zimmermann M, Affolter C, and Terrasi GP
Subjects: Materials Testing, Surface Properties, Ceramics, Femur Head, Mechanical Phenomena, Metals, Prosthesis Failure
Abstract: Background: The probability of in vivo failure of ceramic hip joint implants is very low (0.004-0.05%). In addition to material flaws and overloading, improper handling during implantation can induce fractures of the ceramic ball head in the long term. Identifying the causes of an in vivo fracture contributes to improved understanding and potentially to further reduction of the fracture probability for patients. Asymmetric metal markings on the cone surface of in vivo ball head fractures have been reported. The question, therefore, is whether asymmetric loading is the sole cause or whether additional factors, specifically contamination entrapped in the taper fit, also contribute or are even the main cause., Methods: The influence of the asymmetric physiological load configuration on resulting metal markings in the cone surface of an alumina femoral ball head with and without biological contaminants was investigated. Static and cyclic tests on ball heads were carried out in a load configuration of 0° (axisymmetric) and 40° in a physiological environment. The analysis of the metal marking was carried out to gain a better understanding of the processes that contribute to the generation of metal marking. Fractography was carried out to determine the fracture initiation of failed ball heads., Results: Different types and sizes of residuals entrapped in the conical surface are shown to yield strongly asymmetric metal marking patterns. All heads tested without contaminants exhibited an almost homogenous distribution of residual metal markings around the circumference of the ceramic cone surface at the proximal end of the bore hole. The failure of ball heads that contained entrapped contaminants revealed a common fracture pattern. The site of fracture initiation on two of the failed heads was in the entrance region of the bore hole on the superior half of the head., Conclusion: Asymmetric metal markings observed on the ball heads tested in this investigation are most probably caused by the presence of contaminants entrapped in the taper fit. Homogenous metal mark distributions around the circumference indicate proper assembly of the ball head without entrapped contaminants. It should, however, be noted that different taper designs may possibly result in different marking patterns.
Published: 2014
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36. FSH-stimulated PTEN activity accounts for the lack of FSH mitogenic effect in prepubertal rat Sertoli cells.

Author: Dupont J, Musnier A, Decourtye J, Boulo T, Lécureuil C, Guillou H, Valet S, Fouchécourt S, Pitetti JL, Nef S, Reiter E, and Crépieux P
Subjects: Animals, Cells, Cultured, Follicle Stimulating Hormone metabolism, Humans, Male, Mitosis physiology, PTEN Phosphohydrolase genetics, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases metabolism, Phosphatidylinositols metabolism, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Sertoli Cells cytology, Swine, Transferrin metabolism, Follicle Stimulating Hormone pharmacology, Mitosis drug effects, PTEN Phosphohydrolase metabolism, Puberty physiology, Sertoli Cells drug effects, Sertoli Cells physiology
Abstract: Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) controls the proliferation and differentiation of Sertoli cells of the testis. FSH binds a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) to stimulate downstream effectors of the phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)-dependent pathway, without enhancing PI3K activity. To clarify this paradox, we explored the activity of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted in chromosome 10 (PTEN), the PI3K major regulator, in primary cultures of rat Sertoli cells. We show that, within minutes, FSH increases PTEN neo-synthesis, requiring the proteasomal degradation of an unidentified intermediate, as well as PTEN enzymatic activity. Importantly, introducing an antisense cDNA of PTEN into differentiating Sertoli cells restores FSH-dependent cell proliferation. In conclusion, these results provide a new mechanism of PTEN regulation, which could serve to block entry into S phase of Sertoli cells, while they are proceeding through differentiation in prepubertal animals., (2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2010
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37. Variant amino acids in the extracellular loops of murine and human vasopressin V2 receptors account for differences in cell surface expression and ligand affinity.

Author: Oksche A, Leder G, Valet S, Platzer M, Hasse K, Geist S, Krause G, Rosenthal A, and Rosenthal W
Subjects: Amino Acid Motifs, Amino Acid Substitution, Animals, CHO Cells, COS Cells, Cloning, Molecular, Conserved Sequence, Cricetinae, Green Fluorescent Proteins, Humans, Ligands, Luminescent Proteins, Mice, Microscopy, Confocal, Molecular Sequence Data, Mutagenesis, Site-Directed, Receptors, Vasopressin chemistry, Receptors, Vasopressin genetics, Recombinant Fusion Proteins chemistry, Structure-Activity Relationship, Surface Properties, Transfection, Receptors, Vasopressin physiology
Abstract: Cloning and sequencing of the murine chromosomal region XB harboring the murine vasopressin V(2) receptor (mV(2)R) gene and comparison with the orthologous human Xq28 region harboring the human vasopressin V(2) receptor (hV(2)R) revealed conservation of the genomic organization and a high degree of sequence identity in the V(2)R coding regions. Despite an identity of 87% of the amino acid sequences, both receptors show marked functional differences upon stable expression in Chinese hamster ovary cells: the mV(2)R displayed a 5-fold higher affinity for [(3)H]AVP than the human ortholog; similar differences were found for the AVP-mediated activation of adenylyl cyclase. Saturation binding experiments with transiently transfected intact COS.M6 cells showed that the mV(2)R was 3- to 5-fold less abundantly expressed at the cell surface than the hV(2)R. Laser scanning microscopy of fusion proteins consisting of the V(2)Rs and green fluorescent protein (GFP) (mV(2)R/GFP, hV(2)R/GFP) demonstrated that the hV(2)R/GFP was efficiently transported to the plasma membrane, whereas the mV(2)R/GFP was localized mainly within the endoplasmic reticulum. Chimeric hV(2)Rs, in which the first and/or second extracellular loop(s) were replaced by the corresponding loop(s) of the mV(2)R, revealed that the second extracellular loop accounts for the differences in ligand binding, but the first extracellular loop accounts for the reduced cell surface expression. The exchange of lysine 100 by aspartate in the first extracellular loop of hV(2)R was sufficient to reduce cell surface expression, which was accompanied by intracellular retention as observed in laser scanning microscopy analysis. Conversely, the exchange of aspartate 100 by lysine in the mV(2)R increased the cell surface expression and resulted in predominant plasma membrane localization. Thus, a single amino acid difference in the first extracellular loop between mV(2)R and hV(2)R determines the efficiency of cell surface expression.
Published: 2002
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38. Pharmacokinetics of theophylline and bioavailability of a sustained release theophylline preparation in patients with cystic fibrosis.

Author: Valet SB, Schwartz RH, and Brooks JG
Subjects: Adolescent, Adult, Child, Delayed-Action Preparations, Dietary Fats metabolism, Female, Half-Life, Humans, Kinetics, Liver metabolism, Male, Middle Aged, Theophylline administration & dosage, Theophylline therapeutic use, Biological Availability, Cystic Fibrosis drug therapy, Theophylline metabolism
Abstract: The elimination of theophylline after intravenous aminophylline bolus and the absorption of a sustained-release oral theophylline preparation (Theo-Dur) were studied in ten patients with cystic fibrosis (C.F.). Each patient received an I.V. bolus of aminophylline equivalent to 4 mg/kg anhydrous theophylline and 10 plasma theophylline levels were obtained over the following eight hours. Elimination half life (T1/2), total body clearance (Cl), volume of distribution (Vd) and area under the concentration curve (AUCiv) were determined. Forty-eight hours later each patient received an oral dose of sustained release theophylline equivalent to 7.47-11.42 mg/kg anhydrous theophylline and 13 plasma theophylline concentrations were measured over 24 hours. Area under the concentration curve (AUCpo) and fractional absorption (F) of the sustained release preparation were determined. Mean values (+/- S.D.) were T1/2 = 4.45 +/- 1.58 hrs, Vd = 505.8 +/- 40.7 ml/kg, Cl = 87.9 +/- 31.6 ml/kg/hr, F = 0.86 +/- 0.26. One patient did not develop detectable plasma theophylline levels until 20 hours after receiving the sustained release product, but rapidly absorbed 96% of orally administered theophylline elixir. While we could demonstrate no consistent abnormality of theophylline distribution or elimination in cystic fibrosis patients, large interindividual differences in elimination may exist. In addition, some C.F. patients may have impaired or delayed absorption of sustained release theophylline preparations.
Published: 1983

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