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ERDC/CERL TR-16-19 FY16 T45 Contingency Base Site Evaluations for Tactical Environment Construction Material-Based Methodology for Military Contingency Base Construction Case Study of Maiduguri, Nigeria Construction Engineering Research Laboratory Patrick J. Guertin, George W. Calfas, Michael K. Valentino, and Ghassan K. Al-Chaar September 2016 Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. The U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) solves the nation’s toughest engineering and environmental challenges. ERDC develops innovative solutions in civil and military engineering, geospatial sciences, water resources, and environmental sciences for the Army, the Department of Defense, civilian agencies, and our nation’s public good. Find out more at www.erdc.usace.army.mil. To search for other technical reports published by ERDC, visit the ERDC online library at http://acwc.sdp.sirsi.net/client/default. FY16 T45 Contingency Base Site Evaluations for Tactical Environment ERDC/CERL TR-16-19 September 2016 Construction Material-Based Methodology for Military Contingency Base Construction Case Study of Maiduguri, Nigeria Patrick J. Guertin, George W. Calfas, Michael K. Valentino, and Ghassan K. Al-Chaar Construction Engineering Research Laboratory U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center 2902 Newmark Drive PO Box 9005 Champaign, IL 61826-9005 Final report Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Prepared for Department of the Army Headquarters 101 Army Pentagon Washington, DC 20310-0101 Under Project 455009, “Contingency Base Site Evaluations for Tactical Environment” ERDC/CERL TR-16-19 ii Abstract To sustain itself as the world's premier land power, the U.S. Army needs the capability to support expeditionary forces by projecting a minimal basing footprint with reduced logistical burdens. Strategically sited Contingency Bases (CBs) allow the Army’s expeditionary forces to rapidly respond and attack the enemy throughout the join

ERDC/CERL TR-16-14 FY16 T45 Contingency Base Site Evaluations for Tactical Environment Construction Material-Based Methodology for Military Contingency Base Construction Case Study of Dhaka, Bangladesh Construction Engineering Research Laboratory Ghassan K. Al-Chaar, George W. Calfas, Michael A. Weiss, Michael K. Valentino, and Patrick J. Guertin August 2016 Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. The U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) solves the nation’s toughest engineering and environmental challenges. ERDC develops innovative solutions in civil and military engineering, geospatial sciences, water resources, and environmental sciences for the Army, the Department of Defense, civilian agencies, and our nation’s public good. Find out more at www.erdc.usace.army.mil. To search for other technical reports published by ERDC, visit the ERDC online library at http://acwc.sdp.sirsi.net/client/default. FY16 T45 Contingency Base Site Evaluations for Tactical Environment ERDC/CERL TR-16-14 August 2016 Construction Material-Based Methodology for Military Contingency Base Construction Case Study of Dhaka, Bangladesh Ghassan K. Al-Chaar, George W. Calfas, Michael A. Weiss, Michael K. Valentino, and Patrick J. Guertin Construction Engineering Research Laboratory U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center 2902 Newmark Drive PO Box 9005 Champaign, IL 61826-9005 Final report Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Prepared for Department of the Army Headquarters 101 Army Pentagon Washington, DC 20310-0101 Under Project 455009, “Contingency Base Site Evaluations for Tactical Environment” ERDC/CERL TR-16-14 ii Abstract To sustain itself as the world's premier land power, the Army needs the ca-pability to support expeditionary forces by projecting a minimal basing footprint with reduced logistical burdens. Strategically sited Contingency Bases (CBs) allow the Army’s expeditionary forces to rapidly respond and attack the e

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Rochester. School of Medicine & Dentistry. Dept. of Microbiology and Immunology, 2011., The identification and characterization of epitopes is essential for modern immunologic studies. Here we describe a novel methodology we have developed utilizing bead-based delivery of particulate antigens, which is very effective in delivering exogenous antigen to both the class I and class II pathways, to identify T cell epitopes exploiting the phenomenon of cross-presentation. Combining this approach with a T cell hybridoma functional assay has proven to be a successful method for identification of T cell epitopes. Utilizing the intracellular bacteria Francisella tularensis as our model pathogen we have attempted to extend this approach to the study of cell mediated responses to pathogens. A robust cellular response is crucial for clearance and protection against Francisella, however, studies have been hindered by the relative paucity of tools to examine the immune response at the molecular level. We will describe our efforts to identify epitopes first in single defined antigens and eventually scaling up to a proteome-wide screen for targets of cellular reactivity. We hypothesized that we could take advantage of recent advances in genomics, in the form of a genomic array comprised of the majority of open reading frames encoded within F. tularensis SchuS4, in an effort to identify T cell epitopes in an unbiased fashion within complex pathogens. By automating aspects of this technology we have been able to functionally screen the entire genome of F. tularensis for T cell epitopes. With this approach we have identified some of the first validated T cell epitopes contained within Francisella, including a dominant epitope within the total Francisella-specific CD4+ T cell response. We also identified cellular reactivity against antigens that arose with relatively low frequencies during acute infection, however priming with the peptides before Francisella infection could increase the frequency of antigen-specific effector CD4+ T cells, implicating these antigens as pote

Obesity is a world-wide pandemic and its incidence is on the rise along with associated comorbidities. Currently, there are few effective therapies to combat obesity. The use of lifestyle modification therapy, namely, improvements in diet and exercise, is preferable over bariatric surgery or pharmacotherapy due to surgical risks and issues with drug efficacy and safety. Although they are initially successful in producing weight loss, such lifestyle intervention strategies are generally unsuccessful in achieving long-term weight maintenance, with the vast majority of obese patients regaining their lost weight during followup. Recently, various compensatory mechanisms have been elucidated by which the body may oppose new weight loss, and this compensation may result in weight regain back to the obese baseline. The present review summarizes the available evidence on these compensatory mechanisms, with a focus on weight loss-induced changes in energy expenditure, neuroendocrine pathways, nutrient metabolism, and gut physiology. These findings have added a major focus to the field of antiobesity research. In addition to investigating pathways that induce weight loss, the present work also focuses on pathways that may instead prevent weight regain. Such strategies will be necessary for improving long-term weight loss maintenance and outcomes for patients who struggle with obesity.