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3. Molecular Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Resistance

Author

Vaiyapuri, Murugadas, Kusunur, Ahamed Basha, Badireddy, Madhusudana Rao, Mothadaka, Mukteswar Prasad, editor, Vaiyapuri, Murugadas, editor, Rao Badireddy, Madhusudana, editor, Nagarajrao Ravishankar, Chandragiri, editor, Bhatia, Rajesh, editor, and Jena, Joykrushna, editor

Published
2023
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4. Molecular Tools for Characterizing AMR Pathogens

Author

Raveendran, Karthika, Vaiyapuri, Murugadas, Badireddy, Madhusudana Rao, Mothadaka, Mukteswar Prasad, editor, Vaiyapuri, Murugadas, editor, Rao Badireddy, Madhusudana, editor, Nagarajrao Ravishankar, Chandragiri, editor, Bhatia, Rajesh, editor, and Jena, Joykrushna, editor

Published
2023
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5. Antimicrobial Resistance in Cronobacter sakazakii

Author

Kumar, Abhay, Vaiyapuri, Murugadas, Mothadaka, Mukteswar Prasad, Mothadaka, Mukteswar Prasad, editor, Vaiyapuri, Murugadas, editor, Rao Badireddy, Madhusudana, editor, Nagarajrao Ravishankar, Chandragiri, editor, Bhatia, Rajesh, editor, and Jena, Joykrushna, editor

Published
2023
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9. Antimicrobial Resistance in Fisheries

Author

Vaiyapuri, Murugadas, Mothadaka, Mukteswar Prasad, Badireddy, Madhusudana Rao, Ravishankar, Chandragiri Nagarajarao, Jena, Joykrushna, Mothadaka, Mukteswar Prasad, editor, Vaiyapuri, Murugadas, editor, Rao Badireddy, Madhusudana, editor, Nagarajrao Ravishankar, Chandragiri, editor, Bhatia, Rajesh, editor, and Jena, Joykrushna, editor

Published
2023
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10. Environment as Sink for Antimicrobial Resistance and Genes

Author

Sanjeev, Devi, Vaiyapuri, Murugadas, Mothadaka, Mukteswar Prasad, Mothadaka, Mukteswar Prasad, editor, Vaiyapuri, Murugadas, editor, Rao Badireddy, Madhusudana, editor, Nagarajrao Ravishankar, Chandragiri, editor, Bhatia, Rajesh, editor, and Jena, Joykrushna, editor

Published
2023
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13. Virulent and multidrug-resistant Aeromonasin aquatic environments of Kerala, India: potential risks to fish and humans

Author

Nagar, Vandan, Ansari, Farhat, Vaiyapuri, Murugadas, and Joseph, Toms C.

Abstract

Aeromonasinhabit diverse aquatic habitats and are recognized as both opportunistic and primary pathogens of fish and humans. This study delineates the biochemical and gyrBsequence-based molecular identification of 14 Aeromonasstrains isolated from aquatic environments in Kerala, India, identifying them as A. dhakensis(50%), A. hydrophila(28.6%), and A. jandaei(21.4%). These strains exhibit a high prevalence of virulence genes (act, flaA, ser, gcat, lip, and ela) implicated in pathogenesis in both fish and humans. These findings underline the emergence of A. dhakensis, often misidentified as A. hydrophila, as a potential pathogen, highlighting the necessity for comprehensive identification methods. Significantly, all strains demonstrated beta-hemolysis and moderate to strong biofilm formation, enhancing their infectivity potential. Moreover, all isolates exhibited multidrug resistance, with a multiple antimicrobial resistance (MAR) index ranging from 0.39 to 0.56, and a significant presence of class 1 (500–1100 bp) and class 2 (250–700 bp) integrons, indicating their potential risk to both fish and human populations. Our results underscore the role of aquatic environment as a repository for virulent and multidrug-resistant Aeromonasspp., emphasizing the imperative for prudent antimicrobial usage and regular monitoring of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in these environments.

Published
2025
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14. Predominance of genetically diverse ESBL Escherichia coli identified in resistance mapping of Vembanad Lake, the largest fresh-cum-brackishwater lake of India

Author

Vaiyapuri, Murugadas, Sebastian, Anna SherinPulithara, George, Iris, Variem, Sandhya Soolamkandath, Vasudevan, Radhakrishnan Nair, George, Joshy Chalil, Badireddy, Madhusudana Rao, Sivam, Visnuvinayagam, Peeralil, Shaheer, Sanjeev, Devi, Thandapani, Muthulakshmi, Moses, Sheela Albert, Nagarajarao, Ravishankar Chandragiri, and Mothadaka, Mukteswar Prasad

Published
2021
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26. Coliphage cocktails for controlling antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli: emphasizing polyphage and multihost interactions at different levels of multiplicity of infection.

Author

Benala, Manikantha, Vaiyapuri, Murugadas, Raveendran, Karthika, George, Joshy Chalil, Sivam, Visnuvinayagam, and Badireddy, Madhusudana Rao

Subjects
*COCKTAILS, *BACTERIOPHAGES, *BRACKISH waters, *FRESHWATER fishes, *ESCHERICHIA coli, *ANTIBACTERIAL agents
Abstract

Aim This study elucidates the in-vitro bactericidal effectiveness of polyphage cocktail combinations of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 individual coliphages against a cocktail of 20 AMR Escherichia coli. Methods and results Different polyphage cocktails viz. 45 two-phage combinations, 28 four-phage combinations, 15 six-phage combinations, 6 eight-phage combinations, and 1 ten-phage combination were formulated using a pool of ten coliphages that were isolated from two different geographical locations (East and West coasts of India). The different polyphage cocktails were tested at four different levels of Multiplicity of Infection (MOI) viz. MOI-1, MOI-10, MOI-100, and MOI-1000. All the 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10-phage cocktails were found to be effective in controlling the growth of a cocktail of 20 AMR bacteria when tested at MOI-1000 and MOI-100 but variations in antibacterial activity were observed at lower MOIs of 10 and 1. The ten coliphage cocktail showed lytic activity against 100% of AMR E. coli from farmed brackish water shrimp, 96% of laboratory collection of AMR E. coli , 92% of AMR E. coli from farmed freshwater fish, and 85% of AMR E. coli from market shrimp. Conclusion Polyphage cocktails of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 coliphages applied at an MOI of 1000 effectively suppressed the growth of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli. The results indicated phage–phage synergy in the lytic activity of several coliphage combinations at higher MOIs of 1000 and 100 while phage–phage antagonism was evidenced at lower MOIs of 10 and 1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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28. Predominance of Genetically Diverse Esbl Escherichia Coli Identified in Resistance Mapping of Largest Fresh Cum Brackish Water of Vembanad Lake, India

Author

Vaiyapuri, Murugadas, primary, Sebastian, Anna SherinPulithara, additional, George, Iris, additional, Variem, Sandhya Soolamkandath, additional, Vasudevan, Radhakrishnan Nair, additional, George, Joshy Chalil, additional, Badireddy, Madhusudana Rao, additional, Sivam, Visnuvinayagam, additional, Peeralil, Shaheer, additional, Sanjeev, Devi, additional, Thandapani, Muthulakshmi, additional, Moses, Sheela Albert, additional, Nagarajarao, Ravishankar Chandragiri, additional, and Mothadaka, Mukteswar Prasad, additional

Published
2021
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42. Nanoparticle Approach to Control AMR

Author

Sivam, Visnuvinayagam, Rangasamy, Anandan, Dara, Pavan Kumar, Mothadaka, Mukteswar Prasad, editor, Vaiyapuri, Murugadas, editor, Rao Badireddy, Madhusudana, editor, Nagarajrao Ravishankar, Chandragiri, editor, Bhatia, Rajesh, editor, and Jena, Joykrushna, editor

Published
2023
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