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The aim of this study was to investigate relationship between Skin Resistance Level (SRL) and one leg standing balance in healthy subjects. Sixty eight voluntary students from the University of Dumlupinar Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation school were participated to the study. One leg standing balance tests were measured on dominant and non-dominant leg in three positions; eyes open (60 sec), eyes closed (30 sec) and eyes open with head rotation (30 sec) with arms held comfortably at the side. SRLs were recorded with two surface electrodes by the Digital Multimeter (DT-9923B) tool during standing on one leg. Carbon electrodes were placed over the 5 metatarsus heads and heel with conductive gel. No statistically differences were between male and female groups in static and dynamic one leg standing test results (p>0.05). The final SRL values were statistically higher in non-dominant leg than dominant in both male and female subjects (p

The purpose of this study was to show the effects of infant crawling experience on shoulder and hip range of motion and trunk flexibility.One hundred and twenty children who had attended the Child and Mothers Health Center in Kutahya City of Turkey between 2002 and 2003 were evaluated, and 40 children walking without assistance with normal motor development were divided into 2 groups, crawler group (CG) (N:20) and noncrawler group (NCG) (N:20). The CG children were selected to match with age of the NCG. Shoulder and hip range of motion and trunk flexibility were measured for assessment.No statistical differences were observed in all physical characteristics and range of movement (ROM) for girls and boys of each group (p0.05). The CG girls were statistically found heavier and taller than NCG (p0.05). The CG were found to start to walk later (p0.05) and used walker devices less often (p0.01) than the NCG. All hip ROM values were found statistically higher in NCG than CG (p0.05, p0.01) except hip flexion (p0.05) and no statistical differences were found between groups shoulder ROM values (p0.05), except NCG left flexion (p0.05). The highest hip abduction ROM was measured in NCG boys and highest external rotation was measured in NCG girls. No statistical differences were found in trunk flexion and sit and reach test in both groups.Crawling is an important developmental exercise for infants to gain joint stabilization especially on the hip joint, and parents should facilitate their infant`s to crawl and maintain suitable environmental conditions.

The purpose of this study was to exhibit the effect of combined therapy (spa and physical therapy) on pain in various chronic diseases.Retrospectively, 472 (58.1% female and 41.9% male) spa and physical therapy patients with a mean age of 53.4 +/- 12.5 years were evaluated during 2001-2004 from the archives of Dumlupinar University TUTAV Thermal Cure Center. Before, after therapy and before discharging, visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, heart and respiratory rates, systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured for hemodynamic evaluations.Arthrosis (230 patient, 48.7%) was found to be the main problem in our patients. Ankle arthrosis, fibromyalgia and cervical disc herniation were found with the highest VAS values compared to other pathologies before spa therapy (p0.05). Immediately after spa therapy and before discharge, VAS values were lower than before treatment (p0.05). Immediately after spa therapy, the highest decreases in VAS values were observed in coxarthrosis and gonarthrosis patients (p0.05). Coxarthrosis and nonarticular patients had the lowest VAS values before discharge than other pathologies (p0.05). No statistical differences were found between male and female VAS values in all stages of treatment (p0.05). Heart and respiratory rate were statistically increased (p0.01), diastolic blood pressure was decreased (p0.01) but not changed in systolic blood pressure (p0.05) immediately after spa therapy. Before discharging, all hemodynamic parameters were found statistically decreased before treatment and immediately after spa therapy (p0.01).A combination of spa and physical therapy decreases pain and improves functional capacity without any hemodynamic risk in rheumatological, neurological and cardiac patients.

This retracts the article "EVALUATION OF CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS (EMF)" on page 245. The Editor-in-chief of the Bosnian Journal ofBasic Medical Sciences has decided to retract the article from Bayazit V et al. [1] entitled as: “Evaluation of carcinogenic effects of electromagnetic fields (EMF)” published in Bosn J Basic Med Sci. 2010 Aug;10(3):245-50.After the editorial office was alerted of possible plagiarism in the article, it conducted thorough investigation and concluded that the article apparently represents plagiarized material from two World Health Organization reports, one European Commission report and other sources. Since this is considered scientific plagiarism and scientific misconduct, Editor-in-chief has decided to withdraw the article. The authors have agreed with the editorial office decision.

The aim of this study was evaluated the anticancerogen properties of limonoids and their biochemical structures. The term limonoids was derived from limoinn, the first tetranortriterpenoid obtained from citrus bitter principles. Compounds belonging to this group have exhibited a range of biological activities like insecticidal, insect antifeedant and growth regulating activity on insects as well as antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, anticancer, antiviral and a number of other pharmacological activities on humans. Limonoids found in citrus fruits have been able to stop the progression of neuroblastomas in the laboratory. It also produces no side effects unlike the currently used toxic cancer drugs. Further research is needed to determine how the substance achieves this effect and how it may be used in human cancers. Both flavenoids and limonoids may be capable of stopping, slowing or killing cancer cells. Ultimately, these compounds could be used as food additives as a preventative measure. The effects of D-limonene and citrus, orange oil and lemon oil on induced neoplasia of the lungs and forestomach of female mice inhibited pulmonary adenoma formation and the occurrence of forestomach tumors, thus demonstrating that non-nutrient constituents of the diet may inhibit carcinogen-induced neoplasia. © Medwell Journals, 2010.

Objective: Spa therapy is commonly used in the treatment of daily chronic diseases practice, but its benefits are still the subjects of discussion. This study investigates possible effects of a combined spa and physical therapy program on pain and hemodynamic responses in various chronic diseases. Methods: The pain intensity and hemodynamic responses of 472 patients involved in a spa and physical therapy program were studied retrospectively. Assessment criteria were pain [Visual Analog Scale (VAS)] and hemodynamic responses (heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate). Assessments took place before, immediately after treatment, and after completion of the spa program (before discharge). Results: The patients with ankle arthrosis, fibromyalgia and cervical disc herniation reported the highest VAS score before treatment program (P < 0.05). After the therapy program, VAS scores were seen to decrease compared to before treatment (P < 0.05). The patients with osteoarthritis of the hip (1.3 ± 1.2) and soft tissue rheumatism (1.3 ± 1.2) had the lowest VAS score before discharge compared to patients with other pathologies (P < 0.05). No statistically significant differences were detected between both sexes in terms of pain improvement (P > 0.05). On discharge, all hemodynamic responses decreased significantly compared to before and immediately after initiation of the therapy program (P < 0.01). Conclusion: To decrease pain and high blood pressure without hemodynamic risk, a combined of spa and physical therapy program may help to decrease pain and improve hemodynamic response in patients with irreversible pathologies. © 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

To study, the cytotoxic effects of some biological and chemical agents on G1, S, G2, M and G0 phases of liver and colon carcinomas and myosarcoma cells obtained with chemical carcinogens dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) and cadmium chloride.Eight rabbit livers, colon carcinoma and myosarcoma cell lines were obtained by injection of DMBA in the Biology Laboratory, of the University of Dumlupinar, Kutahya, Turkey between January 2001 and June 2003. All lines were grown at 37 degrees celsius and 5% carbon dioxide in sterile RPMI-1640 medium with 10% fetal bovine serum after addition of glutamate, penicillin (50 units/ml) and streptomycin (50 ug/ml) (complete medium). Cells were grown on standard tissue culture plastic flasks to 80% confluence and passed by trypsinization.Tortoise (Testudo graeca) shell, sponge (Geodia cydonium), medusa (Aurelia aurita), meat flies (Calliphora erythrocephala) larva, frog (Rana ridibunda) larva and juniper (Juniperus communis) berry extracts killed a large amount of the liver and colon carcinomas and the myosarcoma cells in G2, M and G0 phases (p0.01). The mistletoe (Viscum album) extract had more effect in only the G0 phase (p0.05). Genistein, genistin, glycitein, glycitin, daitzein and daitzin have significantly decreased in the cancer cells tests, particularly, genistein and daitzein caused the apoptotic effect in G2, M and G0 phases (p0.01). Cesium chloride, a mixture of cesium chloride with magnesium chloride had the most effect on tumor cells (p0.01). AzhexSi, Azhex-AzhepSi, Et-Azhex-AzhepSi, AzhepSi, Hexamine and DL 54 have been inhibited in various levels of the cancer cells (p0.05, p0.01).This data suggest that some biological extracts and chemicals tested may be useful chemotherapeutic agents to inhibit the growth of cancer cells. This study sheds some light for new anti cancerogenic experiments preventing various cancers on humans.