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Introduction and aim: Chronic nausea and vomiting syndrome is a disorder of gut-brain interaction that affects the productive-age population. Our aim was to determine the association of this disorder with quality of life, workplace performance, and socioeconomic impact related to gastrointestinal health. Methods: A cross-sectional study on a Mexican population was conducted. The patients were classified as having chronic nausea and vomiting syndrome or other disorders of gut-brain interaction. A comparative analysis of quality of life, workplace productivity, annual medical consultations, and digestive health-related expenses was carried out, applying a logistic regression model. Results: One thousand patients were included, 79.2% of whom met the criteria for a disorder of gut-brain interaction. Of the 792 patients, 10.3% presented with chronic nausea and vomiting syndrome. Said syndrome was associated with a negative impact on usual activities (OR 4.34, 95% CI 1.90-9.30, p ≤ 0.001), pain/discomfort (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.31-3.33, p ≤ 0.001), anxiety/depression (OR 2.08, 95% CI 1.30-3.40, p ≤ 0.001), workplace presenteeism (OR 3.96, 95% CI 2.47-6.44, p ≤ 0.001), and workplace absenteeism (OR 2.54, 95% CI 1.52-4.16, p ≤ 0.001). There was also a higher number of annual medical consultations for digestive health (p = 0.013), without generating a greater annual expense due to digestive health (p = 0.08). Conclusions: Chronic nausea and vomiting syndrome produces a negative impact on quality of life, which could be secondary to its symptomatology or its association with anxiety and depression. Resumen: Introducción: El síndrome de náusea y vómito crónico es un trastorno de la interacción cerebro intestino que afecta a la población en edad productiva. El objetivo fue determinar la asociación de este trastorno con la calidad de vida, desempeño laboral e impacto socioeconómico relacionado a la salud gastrointestinal. Métodos: Un estudio de corte transversal en población mexicana. Los pacientes se clasificaron como síndrome de náusea y vómito crónico u otros trastornos de la interacción cerebro intestino. Se realizó un análisis comparativo de la calidad de vida, productividad laboral, consulta médica anual y gastos relacionados a salud digestiva aplicando un modelo de regresión logística. Resultados: Se incluyeron 1000 pacientes, de los cuales 79.2% cumplían criterios de algún trastorno de la interacción cerebro intestino. De los 792 pacientes, 10.3% presentaban síndrome de náusea y vómito crónico. El síndrome de náusea y vómito crónico se asoció a un impacto negativo en las actividades usuales (OR 4.34, IC95%, 1.90-9.30, p =

Copyright of Summa, Animali da Compagnia is the property of Point Veterinaire Italie s.r.l. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Summa, Animali da Compagnia is the property of Point Veterinaire Italie s.r.l. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objetivo: Identificar na literatura científica, as evidências disponíveis sobre os efeitos da acupuntura na redução de NVIQ em mulheres com câncer de mama em tratamento quimioterápico. Método: Revisão Integrativa (RI), onde a questão norteadora foi baseada na estratégia PICO. Foram definidos como critérios de inclusão: Estudos primários que abordam a temática acupuntura na redução de NVIQ, em mulheres adultas (maiores e igual a 18 anos), com câncer de mama, realizando quimioterapia, publicados em janeiro de 2013 a dezembro de 2023 em português, inglês e espanhol, indexados nas bases de dados: BVS, PUBMED, EMBASE, SCOPUS, MEDLINE, BDTD. De acordo com os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DECS): Acupuntura; Neoplasias da mama; Náusea; Vômito; Antineoplásicos. E os MESH: Acupuncture; Breast Neoplasms; Nausea; Vomiting; Drug Therapy. Resultados: a acupuntura é relatada pela maioria dos artigos (66,67%) como sendo satisfatória na redução de NVIQ, sendo o tipo mais utilizado (33,34%) a acupressão e o ponto mais mencionado (66,67%), é o PC6. Ademais, a maioria dos estudos da amostra foram, quase-experimentais (50%) e randomizados (33,34%), apresentando nível de evidência III e II respectivamente. Considerações finais: As evidências apontam para um efeito positivo da acupuntura e o ponto PC6 na redução de NVIQ em mulheres com câncer de mama. Esses resultados, foram obtidos a partir da análise de estudos com níveis de evidências alto e relevantes, possuindo grande confiabilidade para os profissionais.

Introdução: A canábis constitui a substância ilícita com maior prevalência de consumo ao longo da vida em Portugal. Apesar do seu uso medicinal pelas suas propriedades antieméticas tem sido reconhecida uma entidade clínica paradoxal – o síndroma de hiperemese por canabinoides (SHC) – caracterizada pelo consumo crónico de canabinoides (habitualmente diário), episódios cíclicos de náuseas e vómitos refratários a terapêuticas convencionais e o recurso a banhos quentes compulsivos para alívio sintomático. Descrição do caso: Mulher de 36 anos, com múltiplas idas aos cuidados de saúde primários por queixas de náuseas e vómitos cíclicos, ainda em investigação. Recorreu ao serviço de urgência (SU) por queixas de epigastralgias, náuseas e vómitos com três dias de evolução. Realizou estudo complementar que não revelou alterações de relevo. Administrada medicação antiemética e pantoprazol com reduzida melhoria das queixas. Durante a permanência no SU foi encontrada por diversas vezes a tomar duches quentes, solicitando recorrentemente para o fazer, afirmando que era a única medida que aliviava as suas queixas. Adicionalmente apurou-se ainda história de consumo crónico de canabinoides, levando à hipótese diagnóstica de SHC. Comentário: É comum registar-se um atraso importante no diagnóstico desta síndroma e associar-se frequentemente à realização de diversos exames complementares de diagnóstico (ECD), terapêuticas e internamentos hospitalares. Assim, procurou-se sensibilizar a comunidade médica para a SHC, enquanto diagnóstico diferencial de vómitos recorrentes difíceis de tratar, em indivíduos com história de consumo de canabinoides. O presente relato de caso visa promover o conhecimento sobre a SHC, possibilitando a sua atempada identificação e adequada abordagem terapêutica.

O câncer do esôfago se apresenta principalmente no sexo masculino: 11% no homem e 13% na mulher (Fischer, Leuduig). Atualmente, quando a cirurgia do esôfago se tornou um processo corrente de tratamento desta afecção e os casos curados se acumulam diariamente, é mister, para melhorar as nossas conquistas terapêuticas, que se proceda com a máxima oportunidade ao diagnóstico do câncer inicial deste órgão. Assim pensando foi que tomamos a iniciativa de escrever este artigo.

As neoplasias gástricas são menos prevalentes em cães e gatos e se manifestam como perda de apetite, perda de peso, vômitos (com ou sem sangue), poliúria, polidipsia e fezes com sangue, levando à anemia. Helicobacter spp. é uma bactéria Gram-negativa, em forma de espiral, flagelada, que infecta a mucosa gástrica de humanos e animais como cães e gatos. Helicobacter spp é a causa de diversas doenças de gravidade variável. Estudos demonstraram a relação dessa bactéria com gastrite humana, úlceras gástricas e duodenais e tumores gástricos. Apesar de ocorrer em humanos, a relação entre esses tumores e cães é considerada inconclusiva, principalmente, pela falta de pesquisas. O presente relato descreve a avaliação clínica de um paciente diagnosticado com sarcoma indiferenciado por provável infiltrado de Helicobacter spp na região antro pilórica, sendo considerada uma forma rara de apresentação em cães. Destaca-se que a complexidade diagnóstica desses casos esteja relacionada à inespecificidade dos sinais clínicos e da necessidade de biopsia para comprovação diagnóstica.

La parvovirosis es una enfermedad infecciosa agresiva y frecuente en caninos (Canis lupus familiaris), menores de un año, sin vacunaciones o vacunados inadecuadamente, la cual produce sintomatología caracterizada por fiebre, anorexia, vómito, diarrea sanguinolenta, deshidratación, pérdida de peso, depresión; con un alto índice de mortalidad, así como un elevado costo de hospitalización para su tratamiento; por tales razones el objetivo de la presente investigación fue evaluar una alternativa de tratamiento ambulatorio para la enfermedad en la Clínica Veterinaria Mariana de Jesús, en la ciudad de Quito, Ecuador, en el periodo de julio–diciembre 2022. Para su evaluación se realizó el monitoreo de la composición de los siguientes parámetros del hemograma: hematocrito, conteo de leucocitos y concentración de hemoglobina; además de los niveles plasmáticos de proteína C–reactiva y lactato durante 4 d de administración del tratamiento. El diagnóstico de la enfermedad se realizó mediante la utilización de pruebas de inmunocromatografía con muestras de heces. La muestra estudiada estuvo compuesta por 34 pacientes caninos, de raza y sexo indiferenciado, menores de un año de edad, los cuales fueron sometidos a la administración de un protocolo de tratamiento ambulatorio, con un intervalo de 24 h entre cada aplicación, con una duración de 4 d, recibiendo el alta médica en función de su evolución clínica.La tasa de sobrevivencia obtenida fue del 85,3 % de los pacientes; la mortalidad tuvo relación directa con la hipotermia y los d de presentación de signos clínicos antes del tratamiento; los niveles de proteína C–reactiva decrecen de manera significativa con el tratamiento ambulatorio administrado.

Copyright of Revista Cientifica de la Facultade de Veterinaria is the property of Universidad del Zulia, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

O objetivo neste presente trabalho foi relatar um caso de um paciente, felino, fêmea, um ano e sete meses, castrada, SRD, vacinada, com histórico de ter sido resgatada, que foi acometida com uma infecção gastrointestinal causada por Campylobacter spp., no Distrito Federal. Ao ser realizada a anamnese, notou-se um histórico recente de êmese e diarreia. Posteriormente foi realizado um ultrassom abdominal, no qual foram identificadas alterações compatíveis de pancreatite e gastrite. Após o tratamento, houve uma remissão temporária dos sinais clínicos de vômito e diarreia, os quais posteriormente foram refratários a diversos tratamentos. Foi realizado um novo ultrassom para verificar se o tratamento para pancreatite e gastrite havia sido efetivo, no entanto, não havia alterações que justificassem o novo quadro diarreico. Foi realizado então um exame de PCR de fezes para a procura de patógenos associados à diarreia em felinos, foi identificada a presença de Campylobacter spp. Foi iniciado o tratamento com imunomoduladores, o qual foi efetivo, levando ao desaparecimento dos sinais clínicos em 10 dias.

A displasia renal é uma doença hereditária ou congênita causadora de nefropatia crônica em indivíduos jovens. Os sinais clínicos relacionam – se a insuficiência renal crônica e incluem anorexia, letárgia, poliúria, vômitos intensos e emagrecimento. O diagnóstico é realizado por meio de exames laboratoriais e de imagem. O tratamento é geralmente, conservativo e sintomático. O prognóstico depende da gravidade da displasia. Contudo, geralmente o animal vem a óbito em alguns meses. O objetivo desse trabalho foi relatar o caso clínico de um paciente canino, macho, da raça American Bully, não castrado, de sete meses que foi diagnosticado com displasia renal.

El objetivo del presente trabajo de investigación fue establecer el perfil electrolítico: Na (micromol·litros-1) [µMol·L-1], K (µMol·L-1), Cl (µMol·L-1), en perros con gastroenteritis viral y parasitaria, para lo cual se analizaron 30 pacientes (n=30) de todas las edades y sin diferencia de sexo, procedentes del albergue municipal de Ambato, Ecuador, los cuales presentaron síntomas gastrointestinales, a estos pacientes se levantó la Historia Clínica detallada, posterior a ello se tomaron 2 mililitros (mL) de sangre por punción de la vena yugular, para análisis de electrolitos, las muestras de sangre obtenidas fueron procesadas en un equipo DRI-CHEM NX500i, año 2016, de marca Fujifilm; de fabricación japonesa; de igual forma se realizó el Test Kit de Canine Parvovirus (SensPERT) y se recolectaron muestras de heces para examen coprológico. Los valores de K en diarreas producidas por parásitos se mostraron superiores frente a las diarreas producidas por parvovirus, mostrándose una diferencia significativa (P

Introdução: Náuseas e vômitos induzidos por quimioterapia acometem cerca de 70-80% dos pacientes com câncer. Assim, é importante a utilização de um instrumento para avaliar melhor esses sintomas, visando a um tratamento mais adequado. Objetivo: Traduzir e adaptar culturalmente a escala Morrow Assessment of Nausea and Emesis para o contexto brasileiro. Método: Estudo correlacional do tipo survey, com tradução e adaptação cultural da escala segundo o protocolo da European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer – Quality of Life Group (EORTC-QLG). A amostra foi constituída por 160 pacientes em tratamento quimioterápico em uma clínica de oncologia. No processo de validação, realizaram-se análises de correlação multimétodos entre os itens da escala Morrow Assessment of Nausea and Emesis e os escores das escalas visuais numéricas de náusea e vômito com nível de p

We present a case report of a woman in her 50s admitted to the emergency room with gastrointestinal manifestations consisting of vomiting and hiccups. After a series of studies and interventions by specialists, a brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is performed in order to find the central origin of the symptoms. This allows the approach of the case and subsequent confirmation of the diagnosis of Neuromyelitis optica, positive for anti-acuaporin-4 antibodies. Finally, it seems that treatment with steroids and monoclonal antibodies leads to proper control of the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Cirugía y Cirujanos is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La nutrición enteral (NE) es la vía de elección para administrar soporte nutricional al paciente en estado crítico. Aunque los beneficios inmunológicos y clínicos de la NE se encuentran bien documentados, no está exenta de complicaciones; y la modalidad de infusión es un factor que podría contribuir a intolerancia gastrointestinal (GI). Esta última se relaciona con la interrupción de la infusión, lo que conlleva una menor adecuación nutrimental e impacta negativamente en el estado nutricional y los desenlaces clínicos. Esta revisión tiene como objetivo evaluar las diferencias en la tolerancia GI entre la modalidad de infusión intermitente/bolos y la infusión continua en individuos en estado crítico que reciben NE

BACKGROUND: Most foreign body ingestions occur in older infants and preschoolers. Almost all of them are asymptomatic. The most frequently ingested objects are: coins and button batteries that can generate serious sequelae. Ten to 20% of swallowed objects require removal by endoscopy and less than 1% by surgery. The severity of the lesions and complications are closely related to the time of exposure to the foreign body. CLINICAL CASE: Two-year-old female patient with a history of nausea seven months earlier. The parents remembered having seen her playing with a battery, but without evidence that she had ingested it. Five months before coming for consultation, she started with regurgitation 1 to 2 times per week, malaise that evolved to regurgitation and postprandial emesis at all meals; in addition to sialorrhea and refusal to eat. No alterations were found in the physical examination. Radiography showed the existence of a circular metallic object, like a button battery. CT showed no apparent lesions in the surrounding tissues. Removal of the battery was attempted endoscopically but was unsuccessful. Removal was achieved by surgical intervention by right posterolateral posterolateral thoracotomy, with esophagotomy and esophagoplasty. CONCLUSIONS: Proper medical care of patients with suspected foreign body ingestion is critical to their prognosis. The evaluation should include a thorough clinical history and adequate physical examination. The diagnosis should always be suspected in patients with regurgitation, vomiting, refusal to feed, respiratory symptoms that do not subside despite treatment, especially in older infants and preschoolers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Universitas Médica is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: Idiopathic hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is a disorder characterized by thickening of the pyloric muscles, accompanied by gastric outlet obstruction. CLINICAL CASE: A 21-year-old female patient who started with diarrheal stools, vomiting of gastro-biliary content and weight loss in one month. An antrectomy was performed, with the finding of pyloric stenosis, without data suggestive of malignancy, and placement of a gastro-jejunal tube with adequate evolution. In the definitive pathological study, it was found, macroscopically: hypertrophic pyloric muscle that occluded all the lumen and prevented the passage of solid and liquid foods. Five months after the surgical event, tolerance to the oral route, occasional vomiting of food content, and persistence of nausea were correctly executed, for which reason she continues on medical treatment with antiemetics and a proton pump inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS: The role of the pathologist in this disease is decisive, since it is an exceptional disease, it is not usually included in the differential diagnoses of gastric emptying disorder, in addition to the need to exclude any neoplastic process in adult patients, such as gastric adenocarcinoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cultura del Cuidado Enfermería is the property of Revista Cultura del Cuidado Enfermeria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Rev Rene is the property of Rev Rene and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Nine cases of healthy babies diagnosed with colic for whom dipyrone or paracetamol were prescribed are analyzed here. Parents registered the symptoms for 7 to 10 days and it showed that the medications were not administered every day; that most infants received one or two doses per day, in the evening-night period and the crying stopped within 30 minutes after the medication. The cases corroborate the prescription of painkillers to alleviate infant colic and such data should be included in future clinical essays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Nursing UFPE / Revista de Enfermagem UFPE is the property of Revista de Enfermagem UFPE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of two different doses of intrathecal morphine on postoperative analgesia, postoperative first mobilization and urination times and the severity of side effects. METHODS: After Institutional Ethical Committee approval, 48 ASA I-II patients were enrolled in this randomized double-blinded study. Spinal anesthesia was performed with 0.1 mg (Group I, n = 22) or 0.4 mg (Group II, n = 26) ITM in addition to 7.5 mg heavy bupivacaine. The first analgesic requirement, first mobilization and voiding times, and postoperative side effects were recorded. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 15.0 and p < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. The numeric data were analyzed by thet-test and presented as mean ± SD. Categorical data were analyzed with the chi-square test and expressed as number of patients and percentage. RESULTS: Demographic data were similar among groups. There were no differences related to postoperative pain, first analgesic requirements, and first mobilization and first voiding times. The only difference between two groups was the vomiting incidence. In Group II 23% (n = 6) of the patients had vomiting during the first postoperative 24 h compared to 0% in Group I (p = 0.025). CONCLUSION: For inguinal hernia repairs, the dose of 0.1 mg of ITM provides comparable postoperative analgesia with a dose of 0.4 mg, with significantly lower vomiting incidence when combined with low dose heavy bupivacaine.

Introducción: Los síntomas de dolor y náusea vómito en los niños con cáncer son ocasionados por la enfermedad o tratamiento de quimioterapia. El manejo de estos síntomas es un reto en los familiares. Objetivos: Describir y analizar la relación entre los síntomas de dolor y náusea vómito en los niños con cáncer y describir las estrategias de cuidado familiar ante estos síntomas. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo correlacional, con muestra de 31 niños y familiares de una clínica oncopediatrica de Veracruz México. Diligenciaron los instrumentos Escala de dolor con caras-Revisada, Clasificación de Náusea-Vómito Inducido por Quimioterapia y Cuestionario de estrategias de cuidado familiar para el manejo de síntomas. Los datos se analizaron con estadística descriptiva e inferencial con Rho de Spearman, utilizando el programa SPSS 20.0. Resultados: Los niños padecen dolor moderado (48%), leve (29%) e intenso (23%). Tienen náusea-vómito agudo (74%), anticipatorio (16%) y retardado (10%). Existe asociación entre la náusea-vómito retardado con el anticipatorio (r =435

RESUMO: Introdução: Este estudo objetivou analisar a associação entre estado nutricional, percepção da imagem corporal e comportamentos extremos para controle de peso nos adolescentes. Metodologia: Estudo transversal analítico, realizado no Brasil a partir da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE) de 2015, com adolescentes de 13 a 17 anos. Estado nutricional e percepção da imagem corporal foram as variáveis independentes. As dependentes foram vômito ou uso de laxantes e uso de remédios e outras fórmulas para controle de peso nos últimos 30 dias. Modelos de regressão de Poisson foram empregados para associação, com uso de variáveis demográficas para controle. Resultados: 7,4% dos adolescentes (IC95% 6,7 - 8,2) relataram vômito ou uso de laxantes, sem diferença entre os sexos. A prevalência de uso de remédio e fórmulas foi maior entre meninos (7,8%; IC95% 6,6 - 8,9). A associação entre estado nutricional e comportamentos extremos não foi significativa; entretanto, a prevalência de vômito ou uso de laxantes foi 2,3 (IC95% 1,1 - 4,7) vezes maior em meninos e 5,3 (IC95% 3,3 - 8,6) vezes maior em meninas que se sentiam muito gordos(as), ao passo que uso de remédios e fórmulas foi 4,0 vezes (IC95% 2,3 - 7,1) maior em meninas que sentiam muito gordas. Conclusão: A percepção da imagem corporal parece ter maior influência na prática dos comportamentos extremos do que o estado nutricional. Estratégias envolvendo serviços de saúde e escolas têm grande potencialidade para ações que impactem positivamente na autoestima e na saúde dos estudantes.

The case of a domestic, shorthaired male cat, neutered, of three and a half years of age, with a current health plan that is presenting weight loss and digestive signology is presented. After performing the necessary diagnostic tests, an intestinal mass was found and it tested positive for viral feline leukemia; after the diagnosis, and following the request of the owners, the cat was euthanized. Following the necropsy and the histopathology results, it was found that the intestinal mass was a diffuse lymphocytic lymphoma, presumably of B cells with metastases in mesenteric lymph nodes and the liver.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the knowledge and practice of pediatricians about infants with physiological reflux and gastroesophageal reflux disease. METHODS: 140 pediatricians were interviewed during two scientific events in 2009 and 2010. The questions referred to two clinical cases of infants. One with symptoms of infant regurgitation (physiological reflux) and another with gastroesophageal reflux disease. RESULTS: Among 140 pediatricians, 11.4% (n=16) and 62.1% (n=87) would require investigation tests, respectively for infant regurgitation (physiological reflux) and gastroesophageal reflux disease. A series of upper gastrointestinal exams would be the first requested with a higher frequency. Medication would be prescribed by 18.6% (n=6) in the case of physiological reflux and 87.1% (n=122) in the case of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Prokinetic drugs would be prescribed more frequently than gastric acid secretion inhibitors. Sleeping position would be recommended by 94.2% (n=132) and 92.9% (n=130) of the respondents, respectively for the case of physiological reflux and gastroesophageal reflux disease; however, about half of the respondents would recommend the prone position. Only 10 (7.1%) of the pediatricians would exclude the cow's milk protein from the infants' diet. CONCLUSIONS: Approaches different from the international guidelines are often considered appropriate, especially when recommending a different position other than the supine and prescription of medication. In turn, the interviews enable us to infer the right capacity of the pediatricians to distinguish physiologic reflux and gastroesophageal reflux disease correctly.

Introduction: Postoperative nausea and vomiting are frequent complications of anesthesia, the prevention of this complication is fundamental from the preanesthetic period. Its etiology is multifactorial with variable prevalences ranging from 20 to 92%. Objective: To determine the prevalence of postope rative nausea and vomiting in laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a tertiary care hospital. Material and methods: An observational, descriptive, prospective and longitudinal study was conducted in patients who were scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a tertiary care hospital, the presentation of nausea, vomiting and the combination of both symptoms was measured, upon awakening of the patient, the first, second and twenty-four postoperative. Results: 224 patients were included, of which the female sex represented 75.45%, with an average age of 44.4 ± 13.9 years. The prevalence of nausea in the first 24 hours was 33.03%. and it was preceded by vomiting in 93.24% of patients with a prevalence of 31.25%. the combination of both symptoms; postoperative nausea and vomiting, had a prevalence of 33.5%. The type of prophylactic medication that was received the majority was ondansetron with 48.86%, the prevalence of postoperative nausea and vomiting had no difference in the prophylactic treatment used. Treatment with opioids is one of the factors that was associated with a greater presentation of nausea and/or vomiting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Annular pancreas is an infrequent birth defect characterized by a ring of pancreatic tissue that surrounds the descending part of the duodenum. It accounts for 1% of neonatal intestinal obstructions worldwide. Diagnosis and final treatment is surgical. The objective is to describe a neonatal clinical case with annual pancreas based on a brief literature review on its diagnosis, evolution and treatment Case Report. Female patient, 24 days old with emetic episodes starting on the second day of life, associated with loss of weight and hydroelectrolytic instability, who was admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit for management purposes. Given the persistence of the gastrointestinal symptoms and hemodynamic instability, despite the treatment in place, and high level of suspicion of intestinal obstruction, radiology exam of upper digestive tract was performed with contrast medium, finding evidence of signs of duodenal stenosis. Laparotomy was performed, finding evidence of dilation of the second and third parts of the duodenum, thickened walls, crossed by a pancreas segment that fully occludes the light, consistent with annual pancreas Discussion. Take the above into consideration during differential diagnoses of duodenal obstructions, given that the patient's symptoms, as evidenced in the patient, change depending on the type of obstruction. Imaging methods must be requested to assess radiological signs, in order to clarify the diagnosis and prevent delays in the final diagnosis of annual pancreas, which is performed by means of surgical intervention Conclusions. Annual pancreas continues to be a diagnostic challenge due to its infrequency People suffering from this, experience variable and non-specific symptoms; more frequently vomiting, which, in this specific case, was the initial symptom. It is important to learn about the obstructive duodenal pathology, because it is one of the differential diagnoses, and thereby prevents delays in the surgical and diagnostic approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Texto & Contexto Enfermagem is the property of Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Programa de Pos-Graduacao de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: The ginger has a potential antiemetic effect, but there are few studies which investigate its effects on patients undergoing chemotherapy. Objective: To evaluate the effect of ginger on the control of nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: This is a clinical, randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled, and crossover trial. Sixteen patients were recruited, of whom 12 completed the study. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive 1 g of a ginger dry extract or placebo four days before and after chemotherapy. The nutritional status was evaluated by the Global Subjective Evaluation Produced by the Patient. The instrument for measuring the main outcome was the Multinational Association on Suportive Care in Cancer. The effects were evaluated by the Wilcoxon test for the ordinal variables and by the McNemar test for the qualitative variables. Results: When the ginger group was compared to the placebo group, there were no difference in the number of episodes of acute and late vomiting, the intensity of late nausea, the occurrence of acute and late nausea and the occurrence of acute and late vomiting. The groups differed in acute nausea, which were lower in the placebo group. Conclusion: Supplementation with ginger is not effective to prevent nausea and vomiting induced by chemotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objetivou-se aplicar as experiências musicais para avaliação dos efeitos terapêuticos em náuseas e vômitos associados à quimioterapia antineoplásica e identificar alterações nos parâmetros vitais dos pacientes que participaram da experiência. Estudo descritivo, transversal, nível II, de abordagem quantitativa, realizado com treze pacientes de um ambulatório de quimioterapia de um hospital particular no município de São Paulo. Foram utilizados dois instrumentos, sendo um deles proposto pela MASCC (Multinational Association on Supportive Care in Cancer). A maior parte da amostra foi composta por pacientes do sexo feminino, com idade entre 40 a 60 anos, casadas e com câncer de mama. Reduziu-se a frequência cardíaca em 77% da amostra; a náusea diminuiu em 100% dos pacientes após a primeira experiência musical, e em 85% após a segunda. Concluiuse ter havido houve redução estatisticamente significativa dos sintomas de náusea e vômito após as experiências musicais.

Congenital esophageal stenosis is a rare condition, the most common cause is the persistency of embryonic tracheobronchial remnants. A tentative diagnosis is based on a physical examination and imaging studies. Dysphagia and vomiting are the most common complaints. A definitive diagnosis is based on a histopathologic study. The treatment of choice is surgical excision. We report a case of a four–year old girl with congenital esophageal stenosis succesfully treated with surgical excision.

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Copyright of Pesquisa Veterinaria Brasileira is the property of Colegio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal - CBPA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Resumo Justificativa e objetivos O objetivo de nosso estudo foi comparar os efeitos de sugamadex e neostigmina, usados para o antagonismo do bloqueio neuromuscular em náusea e vômito no pós‐operatório (NVPO). Métodos O estudo foi concluído com 98 pacientes de risco ASA I‐II, submetidos à intubação traqueal sob anestesia geral. Ao final da cirurgia, os pacientes foram aleatoriamente divididos em dois grupos que receberam 2 mg kg −1 de sugamadex (Grupo A) ou 50 μg kg −1 de neostigmina mais 0,2 mg kg −1 de atropina (Grupo N). Os tempos de monitoração e registro foram definidos como uma hora de pós‐operatório e de 1‐6, 6‐12 e 12‐24 horas. As quantidades administradas de antieméticos foram registradas. Resultados Na primeira hora de pós‐operatório, 13 pacientes do Grupo N (27%) e 4 do Grupo S (8%) apresentaram náusea e/ou vômito e a diferença foi estatisticamente significativa ( p = 0,0016). Não houve diferença significativa na incidência e gravidade de NVPO ( p > 0,05) durante as 24 horas de monitoração, porém o número de pacientes que receberam ondansetron para o tratamento de NVPO no Grupo N foi estatística e significativamente maior que o número de pacientes no Grupo S (16 e 6, respectivamente, p < 0,011). Conclusões Ao final do estudo quando comparamos neostigmina com sugamadex para o antagonismo do bloqueio neuromuscular descobrimos que sugamadex apresentou menor incidência de NVPO na primeira hora de pós‐operatório e consumo menor de antiemético em 24 horas de monitoração. Background and objectives The aim of our study is to compare the effects of sugammadex and neostigmine, used for neuromuscular blockage antagonism, on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Methods Our study was completed with 98 ASA I‐II risk patients undergoing endotracheal intubation under general anesthesia. At the end of the surgery patients were randomly allocated into two groups given 2 mg kg −1 sugammadex (Group S) or 50 μg kg −1 neostigmine plus 0.2 mg kg −1 atropine (Group N). Monitoring and recording times were set as 1 hour postoperative and from 1–6, 6–12, and 12–24 hours. The anti‐emetic amounts administered were recorded. Results In the first postoperative hour 13 patients in Group N (27%) and 4 in Group S (8%) were observed to have nausea and/or vomiting and the difference was statistically significant ( p = 0.0016). During the 24 hours of monitoring there was no significant difference in the incidence and severity of PONV ( p > 0.05), however the number of patients given ondansetron for PONV treatment in Group N was significantly higher than the number in Group S (16 in Group N, 6 in Group S, p < 0.011). Conclusions At the end of our study comparing neostigmine with sugammadex for neuromuscular blockage antagonism, we found use of sugammadex had lower incidence of PONV in the postoperative 1 st hour and less anti‐emetic use in 24 hours of monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introducción: la patogenia de las náuseas y vómitos en el período posoperatorio no está definida, pero es conocido su carácter multifactorial. Objetivo: determinar la asociación entre los factores de riesgo de náuseas y vómitos con medicamentos, tales como: ondansetrón, dexametasona y droperidol en los pacientes después de la colecistectomía a cielo abierto. Métodos: se realizó un estudio analítico de 93 afectados intervenidos quirúrgicamente en el Hospital General «Armando Enrique Cardoso» de Guáimaro, Camagüey, desde enero de 2011 hasta igual mes de 2012. La casuística fue distribuida en 3 grupos de estudio (ON, DEX y DR) según el medicamento que le fue prescrito. Resultados: los factores de riesgo asociados a las náuseas y vómitos durante el período posoperatorio fueron el sexo femenino, los no fumadores, la anestesia general con óptima prevención y uso del ondansetrón, así como el riesgo emético moderado según la estratificación de Apfel.

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an inflammatory disease of central nervous system classically characterized by acute, severe episodes of optic neuritis and longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis, usually with a relapsing course. The identification of an autoantibody exclusively detected in NMO patients against aquaporin-4 (AQP-4) has allowed identification of cases beyond the classical phenotype. Brain lesions, once thought as infrequent, can be observed in NMO patients, but lesions have different characteristics from the ones seen in multiple sclerosis. Additionally, some AQP-4 antibody positive patients may present with a variety of symptoms not being restricted to optic neuritis and acute myelitis during the first attack or in a relapse. Examples are not limited to, but may include patients only with brain and/or brainstem lesions, narcolepsy with hypothalamic lesions or patients with intractable hiccups, nausea and vomiting. The prompt identification of NMO patients with atypical presentations may benefit these patients with institution of early treatment to reduce disability and prevent further attacks.

Objetivo: Evaluar y caracterizar el abordaje farmacoterapéutico antiemético en el periodo postoperatorio en pacientes adultos sometidos a cirugía en el Hospital Clínica Bíblica (hospital privado en Costa Rica). Métodos: Se seleccionaron pacientes (con edades entre 18 y 75 años) sometidos a cirugía, en quienes se había utilizado algún antiemético profiláctico al proceso quirúrgico, excluyéndose los pacientes que permanecieran hospitalizados menos de 24 horas tras la cirugía. Resultados: Dentro de la terapia profiláctica antiemética utilizada en este Hospital, se incluyó: granisetrón, metoclopramida, dexametasona, dimenhidrinato, entre otros; el granisetrón fue el antiemético más utilizado en un 81% de los casos, solo o en combinación. El uso de la dexametasona junto con el granisetrón fue la combinación más utilizada en un 57%. Sin hacer asociación al procedimiento quirúrgico, las náuseas y vómitos postoperatorios se presentaron en un 12% con el granisetrón, en un 25% con la metoclopramida, en un 9% con el dimenhidrinato, en un 13% con la dexametasona y en un 14% con otros antieméticos. Las cirugías que presentaron más incidencia de NVPO fueron las cirugías ortopédicas en un 30%, y las cirugías laparoscópicas en un 28%. En los casos en los que se utilizó fentanyl como anestésico, se presentaron vómitos en un 18% de los pacientes, mientras que en los casos en que no se utilizó fentanyl, el porcentaje de NVPO fue del 9%. Conclusión: A pesar del amplio uso de antieméticos profilácticamente, las náuseas y vómitos postoperatorios siguen presentándose en los pacientes de este Hospital. No se ha encontrado un algoritmo que permita prevenir totalmente las náuseas y vómitos postoperatorios, a pesar de la gran cantidad de conocimientos adquiridos en este campo. Se debe tomar en cuenta el riesgo individual de cada paciente y la satisfacción de este. Se debe continuar con la investigación en este tema para poder así unificar y mejorar los criterios de tratamiento de las náuseas y vómitos postoperatorios.Aim: To evaluate and characterize the pharmaco-therapeutic approach with antiemetics during the postoperative, in adult patients undergoing surgery at a private hospital in Costa Rica (Hospital Clinica Biblica) Methods:This is an observational, prospective and cohort study. Those patients who had surgery and received antiemetic prophylaxis before the procedure were selected (ages between 18 and 75 years) excluding those who had hospitalization shorter than 24 hours. Results: Prophylactic antiemetic therapy in this private hospital utilizes granisetron, metoclopramide, dexamethasone, and dimenhydrinate, Granisetron, either alone or in combination, was the most used antiemetic in 81%. The combination most commonly used was dexamethasone and granisetron (57%). Without considering the surgical procedure, the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) was 12% in patients taking granisetron, 25% with metoclopramide, 9% with dimenhydrinate, 13% with dexamethasone and 14% with other antiemetics. On the other hand, looking at the procedure, the incidence of PONV in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery was by 30%, and 28% in those after laparoscopic surgery Finally, in cases in which fentanyl was used as an anesthetic 18% of the patients presented PONV, whereas in patients cases were fentanyl was not used, the rate of was 9%. Conclusion: Despite the widespread use of prophylactic antiemetics, PONV is still seen in the patients at this private hospital. In spite of the wealth of knowledge in this field, physicians have not yet found an algorithm capable of the total prevention of PONV. Individual risks and patient`s satisfaction should be taken into account. Further research on this matter must continue in order to unify and improve criteria of PONV treatment.