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Over the last decades, marketing literature has persistently been interested in how marketers and consumers alike engage with the past through past-themed brands, products, and services. However, our knowledge on past-themed marketing is scattered and treated in largely separated literature streams on retro, heritage, nostalgia, and vintage. This article reviews marketing literature on retro, heritage, nostalgia, and vintage – and their ontological, methodological, and axiological underpinnings – to synthesise a differential overview of these streams and contribute shared future research directions for researching and understanding past-themed marketing. Thus, based on our review, we identify and discuss areas for future research on marketing the past, specifically concerned with authenticity complexities and marketing management perspectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing from the concept of anemoia, the authors propose a new typology of nostalgia called vintage anemoia. Vintage anemoia encompasses consumers' positive and nostalgic response to vintage cues, regardless of specific historical periods or individual lived experiences. Through a series of seven studies, the authors demonstrate that vintage typography, by evoking feelings of vintage anemoia, can enhance consumer perceptions of product safety. This effect has positive downstream consequences on key marketing outcomes, including brand attitude, purchase intention, and willingness to pay. Furthermore, the effect of vintage anemoia on product safety perceptions remains unaffected by whether product safety information indicates that a product is safe or unsafe. However, the effect diminishes when an explicit indexical cue (year of establishment) is utilized or when promoting futuristic products. The findings contribute to the existing body of knowledge in marketing and provide insights for marketers on leveraging vintage typography as a strategic tool for creating emotional connections with consumers and enhancing perceptions of product safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Abstract A multicenter study of nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC) was conducted to identify the optimal cut-off value of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) doubling time (PSADT) that correlated with the prognosis in Japanese nmCRPC. Of the 515 patients diagnosed and treated for nmCRPC at 25 participating Japanese Urological Oncology Group centers, 450 patients with complete clinical information were included. The prognostic values of clinical factors were evaluated with respect to prostate specific antigen progression-free (PFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS). The optimal cutoff value of PSADT was identified using survival tree analysis by Python. The Median PSA and PSADT at diagnosis of nmCRPC were 3.3 ng/ml, and 5.2 months, respectively. Patients treated with novel hormonal therapy (NHT) showed significantly longer PFS (HR: hazard ratio 0.38, p

A multicenter study of nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC) was conducted to identify the optimal cut-off value of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) doubling time (PSADT) that correlated with the prognosis in Japanese nmCRPC. Of the 515 patients diagnosed and treated for nmCRPC at 25 participating Japanese Urological Oncology Group centers, 450 patients with complete clinical information were included. The prognostic values of clinical factors were evaluated with respect to prostate specific antigen progression-free (PFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS). The optimal cutoff value of PSADT was identified using survival tree analysis by Python. The Median PSA and PSADT at diagnosis of nmCRPC were 3.3 ng/ml, and 5.2 months, respectively. Patients treated with novel hormonal therapy (NHT) showed significantly longer PFS (HR: hazard ratio 0.38, p < 0.0001) and PFS2 (HR 0.45, p < 0.0001) than those treated with vintage nonsteroidal antiandrogen agent (Vintage). The survival tree identified 4.65 months as the most prognostic PSADT cutoff point. Among the clinical and pathological factors PSADT of < 4.65 months remained an independent prognostic factor for OS (HR 2.96, p = 0.0003) and CSS (HR 3.66, p < 0.0001). Current data represented optimal cut-off of PSADT 4.65 months for a Japanese nmCRPC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The common trend of fashion is that it comes and goes as history changes and human development advances. However, as humans develop and are supposed to be progressing, sometimes in terms of fashion they also retrogress. The assumption is that language used by advertisers and designers influences people to revisit history. The purpose of this study was to argue that the work of art never expires as it gets repackaged, remodelled and modified over the ages. Some works and designs of art used in a particular period of history may have become obsolete, but the use of a language in a future epoch may bring them back to popularity. In this conceptual qualitative study, literature from both online and offline was used in making the case that art develops with the use of language than perishing. Within this desktop conceptual study, it was found that the language of advertisement is crucial in portraying fashion because language use can revive fashion. The power of language creates a hunt and frenzy to wear clothes of the 1500s calling them ‘vintage’. Using an analytic theoretic framework, this paper investigated the linguistic power and its influence on different epochs. This study specifically argued for the necessary merger between art and linguistics as that would be beneficial in creating classical fashion trends. The recommendation thereof was that teachers of art must work together with language specialists and incorporate both value and language in advertisements. This study posits that language has much power to influence the economy, culture, fashion, and even lifestyle of many people across generations.

Jessica Kellgren-Fozard is a British internet and television personality who creates digital content for various social media platforms. Her content focuses on vintage dressing and a variety of other intersecting subjects. In consideration of the recent rise in popularity of vintage dressing and the need for continued research about people with historically marginalized identities, she is a notable subject for sartorial study. We utilized netnography to examine 3 months of Facebook posts and 1 month of YouTube posts until we reached saturation. After analyzing the online sources using the coding and the constant comparison method, we identified celebrating deafness, disability, and chronic illness through dress and challenging stereotypes of dress surrounding her queer label as prominent themes. Feminist queer crip and the (k)notty model guided our interpretation, with close attention paid to Kellgren-Fozard's privileged identities and space within a capitalist system. Broader shifts toward inclusivity and intersectionality in the fashion industry and society overall are demonstrated through the study's examination of Kellgren-Fozard's online presence, yet with critical attention to capitalism and commodity activism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Recent metabolomics studies have reported diverse metabolites of tea depending on tea (Camellia sinensis) cultivars, cultivation conditions and geographical location. However, these studies were limited the effects of these conditions on metabolome of tea leaves in a single year. We explored the year-to-year variations in leaf metabolome of two tea (C. sinensis) cultivars over a period of five successive years from 2015 to 2019 to determine vintage tea products, such as in grapes or wines, and showed a clear metabolic differentiations of fresh tea leaves. Also, the best conditions of climate were suggested through an association of rainfall and sun-expose time with the metabolism of theanine in taste- or flavor-rich tea cultivar and of catechin compounds in EGCG3″Me-rich tea cultivar, thereby providing the potential vintage tea tailored to the cultivar. Since vintage wine is derived from grapes grown in a year under good climatic conditions, which provides high quality of wine in the best year, the current result highlights important information relevant to tea metabolome associated with climatic conditions in a specific year and the manufacture of vintage tea with unique quality. Graphical Abstract

Recent metabolomics studies have reported diverse metabolites of tea depending on tea (Camellia sinensis) cultivars, cultivation conditions and geographical location. However, these studies were limited the effects of these conditions on metabolome of tea leaves in a single year. We explored the year-to-year variations in leaf metabolome of two tea (C. sinensis) cultivars over a period of five successive years from 2015 to 2019 to determine vintage tea products, such as in grapes or wines, and showed a clear metabolic differentiations of fresh tea leaves. Also, the best conditions of climate were suggested through an association of rainfall and sun-expose time with the metabolism of theanine in taste- or flavor-rich tea cultivar and of catechin compounds in EGCG3″Me-rich tea cultivar, thereby providing the potential vintage tea tailored to the cultivar. Since vintage wine is derived from grapes grown in a year under good climatic conditions, which provides high quality of wine in the best year, the current result highlights important information relevant to tea metabolome associated with climatic conditions in a specific year and the manufacture of vintage tea with unique quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The series The Kominsky Method (Netflix, 2018–20) stars Michael Douglas and Alan Arkin as two ageing members of today's Hollywood milieu. Sandy Kominsky (Douglas) is an acting coach. His effort of self-preservation and perpetuation of the star's charisma clashes with corporeal decay and financial collapse. Norman Newlander (Arkin) is Sandy's agent and caustic friend. He has peculiar death thoughts and constantly makes humorous reference to both men's physical, psychological and social disparities. What does Kominsky tell us about contemporary celebrity culture as regards ageing and the crisis of public appearance thereto related? The show reveals film and television industry's leading position in setting desirable or disputable models of old age through a renovated alliance with fashion. Arkin and Douglas's looks express the shame of old age but also glamorize it. A self-reflexive narrative testifies Hollywood's search for innovative strategies of self-representation that includes old age, showcasing the transformation of celebrated bodies and underlying the value of personal flexibility. Amid the decline of their image and influence, Douglas and Arkin develop a new adaptability, demonstrated variously in terms of masculine aesthetics, through clothing, living spaces, gestures and dialogue. This article investigates the implied social meaning attached to the dressed old body in the public sphere when the predicaments concern privilege and influence. The main character's costumes draw on fashion trends such as dandyism, hipster style and vintage. Arkin's, on the other hand, stick to the classic, although not in a strict formal way. Their juxtaposition reveals how fashion trends come to the aid of celebrities' effort to overcome crisis, a means to manage as well as spectacularize confused and ambivalent attitudes to ageing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundThe geographic and temporal distributions of bacterial and fungal populations are poorly understood within the same wine grape cultivar. In this work, we describe the microbial composition from 'Pinot noir' must with respect to vintage, growing region, climate, and must chemistry across the states of California and Oregon, USA.Materials and methodsWe sampled 'Pinot noir' clone 667 clusters from 15 vineyards existing in a latitudinal gradient spanning nearly 1,200 km in California and Oregon for two vintages (2016 and 2017). Regions included five American Viticultural Areas (AVA). In order from southern California to Oregon, these AVAs were Santa Barbara, Monterey, Sonoma, Mendocino, and Willamette Valley. Uninoculated grape musts were subjected to 16S rRNA gene and ITS-1 amplicon sequencing to assess composition of microbial communities. We also measured grape maturity metrics. Finally, to describe regions by precipitation and growing degree days, we queried the Parameter-elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model (PRISM) spatial climate dataset.ResultsMost of the dominant bacterial taxa in must samples were in the family Enterobacteriaceae, notably the lactic acid bacteria or the acetic acid bacteria groups, but some, like the betaproteobacterial genus Massilia, belonged to groups not commonly found in grape musts. Fungal communities were dominated by Hanseniaspora uvarum (Saccharomycetaceae). We detected relationships between covariates (e.g., vintage, precipitation during the growing season, pH, titratable acidity, and total soluble solids) and bacterial genera Gluconobacter and Tatumella in the family Enterobacteraceae, Sphingomonas (Sphingomonodaceae), Lactobacillus (Lactobacillaceae), and Massilia (Oxalobacteraceae), as well as fungal genera in Hanseniaspora, Kazachstania, Lachancea, Torulaspora in the family Saccharomycetaceae, as well as Alternaria (Pleosporaceae), Erysiphe (Erysiphaceae), and Udeniomyces (Cystofilobasidiaceae). Fungal community distances were significantly correlated with geographic distances, but this was not observed for bacterial communities. Climate varied across regions and vintages, with growing season precipitation ranging from 11 mm to 285 mm and growing degree days ranging from 1,245 to 1,846.DiscussionWe determined that (1) bacterial beta diversity is structured by growing season precipitation, (2) fungal beta diversity reflects growing season precipitation and growing degree days, and (3) microbial differential abundances of specific genera vary with vintage, growing season precipitation, and fruit maturity metrics. Further, the correlation between fungal community dissimilarities and geographic distance suggests dispersal limitation and the vineyard as a source for abundant fungal taxa. Contrasting this observation, the lack of correlation between bacterial community dissimilarity and geographic distance suggests that environmental filtering is shaping these communities.

Abstract Introduction The composition of the grapevine microbiome is controlled by a range of factors all contributing to the establishment of microbial terroir. Most studies have focused on the grape must microbiome, while less is known about the assemblage mechanisms of the epiphytic grapevine microbiome. We aimed to disentangle the role of geographic location, cultivar and vintage on the composition of the epiphytic fungal and bacterial communities of grapevine: within (regional scale) and across (national scale) viticultural zones in Greece. We hypothesised that: (i) the influence of all three factors varies at different geographical scales; (ii) fungi and bacteria respond differently to the factors shaping the grapevine microbiome. Materials and Methods We analysed leaves and berries collected from Greek cultivars (i) Vidiano and Agiorgitiko located in three geographically distant regions (from 100 to >600 km), (ii) Roditis and Sideritis from different terroir units of the viticultural zone of Aigialeia. Results Amplicon sequencing analysis identified strong regional signatures on the epiphytic microbiome across viticultural zones, whereas cultivar becomes a strong determinant at the viticultural zone scale. Fungal communities were more responsive to all studied factors compared to bacterial communities. Differential abundance (DA) analysis identified dominant fungal (Alternaria, Cladosporium, Nigrospora, Aureobasidium, Vishniacozyma) and bacterial (Sphingomonas, Masillia, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Enterobacterales) amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) exhibiting geographical and cultivar‐specific patterns. Conclusion Our data suggest that different factors are operative in shaping the epiphytic grapevine microbiome at different geographical scales with bacterial and fungal communities showing different responses to the tested structural factors.

Wine is a high-value alcoholic beverage welcomed by consumers because of its flavor and nutritional value. The key information on wine bottle label is the basis of consumers' choice, which also becomes a target for manufacturers to adulterate, including geographical origin, grape variety and vintage. With the improvement of wine adulteration technology, modern technological means are needed to solve the above mentioned problems. The chemical basis of wine determines the type of technique used. Detection technology can be subdivided into four groups: mass spectrometry techniques, spectroscopic techniques, chromatography techniques, and other techniques. Multivariate statistical analysis of the data was performed by means of chemometrics methods. This paper outlines a series of procedures for wine classification and identification, and classified the analytical techniques and data processing methods used in recent years with listing their principles, advantages and disadvantages to help wine researchers choose appropriate methods to meet the challenge and ensure wine traceability and authenticity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Emphasis of this study lies in oenological suitability and potential of three indigenous Saccharomyces cerevisiae as wine starters culture in Chardonnay wines at three harvest points. Results showed that the use of indigenous starters, particularly NX4 and NX16, had a greater impact on adjusting wine phenolic profiles compared to commercial TXL. Volatile profiles found that M1 wines presented lower total volatile content and aroma intensities, especially in TXL wines. Indigenous S. cerevisiae NX4 and NX16 reduced higher alcohol content and increased aromatic ethyl esters and terpenes in M3 wines. Additionally, they diminished bake flavor and enhanced floral characteristics of the wines. Differential volatiles between variant starters were identified based on maturity and vintage, possessed higher fruity ester levels of wines especially by indigenous S. cerevisiae NX16. This study underscores the potential of using indigenous S. cerevisiae as wine starters in China, offering the possibility of creating uniquely regional wines. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The influence of vintage, geographical location and farming system on yeast populations was evaluated in grape musts from Galicia (NW Spain) in three consecutive years. Grape samples were taken in organic and conventional vineyards from four Denominations of Origin (DOs) during the 2013, 2014 and 2015 vintages. Cultivable yeast populations were characterised at the quantitative and qualitative level. The general results show the existence of significant differences for yeast counts in musts among vintages and DOs, but not between farming systems. Given the geographical location of the grapes, the influence of vintage was significant in all DOs; however, the farming system only had a significant impact on viable yeasts in Rías Baixas, although the number of yeasts tended to be higher in organic samples than in conventional ones in most cases. Species richness was location dependent, with Rías Baixas and Ribeira Sacra showing the highest values. In addition, the type of yeasts varied between Denominations of Origin. From a total of 39 different yeast species identified, Metschnikowia spp., Hanseniaspora uvarum and Aureobasidium spp. were the prevailing species. These major yeasts were found to be widely distributed. However, species such as Issatchenkia terricola, Starmerella bacillaris and different species of Candida, Pichia and Zygosaccharomyces genera were mainly found in Rías Baixas and Ribeira Sacra DOs. In contrast, Lachancea thermotolerans was isolated in Monterrei and Ribeiro DOs only. Accordingly, the ANOSIM and PERMANOVA analyses evidenced significant differences in species richness among different DOs and, to a lesser extent, among vintages, but not between farming systems.

The heterogeneity of the vineyard environment caused high variability in grape metabolites and flavor profiles, and the phenomenon was more prominent in recent years of climate change. Herein, distal leaf removal was applied in semi-arid Xinjiang to adjust the source to sink ratio of grapevines for three consecutive years (2018–2020). The grape-derived volatiles showed high correlations with specific climate factors such as temperature changes in the growth period. Results showed that distal leaf removal increased the solar radiation reaching the clusters in the first few days after applying LR treatments while not affecting the temperature. The improvement in fruity and floral aroma intensity by distal leaf removal was founded not only in grape metabolites but also in wines. Moderate cluster exposure brought by distal leaf removal was beneficial for the accumulation of isoprenoids, which therefore increased the fruity and floral intensity of wines. The carry-over effect did not show in consecutively defoliated vines among vintages regarding the wine aroma profile.

Rain-shelter cultivation could protect grape berries from many diseases and affect grape berry quality. However, there have been few studies of the effects of rainshelter cultivation on the accumulation of volatiles in Shuijing grapes grown in Yunnan Province. Therefore, the goal of this research was to explore the effects of rain-shelter cultivation on the accumulation of volatiles in Shuijing grape berries during development. The Shuijing grapes used during this study were grown in the Yunnan Province of southwest China in two consecutive vintages (2018 and 2019). The results showed that rainshelter cultivation promoted grape ripening and inhibited volatiles synthesis in Shuijing grape berries. However, the application of rain shelters did not affect the accumulation patterns of volatiles; instead, it affected the concentrations of volatiles in Shuijing grape berries, especially during the maturation phase [12-15 weeks after flowering (WAF)]. The concentrations of isoprenoid-derived volatiles (2019), fatty acid-derived volatiles, and amino acid-derived benzenoids in Shuijing grape berries were decreased by rain-shelter cultivation during the maturation phase. The concentration of 2,5-dimethyl-4-methoxy3(2H)-furanone (mesifurane) was also decreased by rain-shelter cultivation during the late maturation phase (14 and 15 WAF). A principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that the vintage had a much greater influence on the physicochemical parameters and volatiles of the Shuijing grape berries than the cultivation method. This work reveals the formation and accumulation patterns of volatiles of Shuijing grape berries under rainshelter cultivation during development and has significance for exploring the potential of rain-shelter cultivation in grape-producing regions with excessive rainfall. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines causal relationships among vintages scores in major French wine regions using cointegration procedures, Granger non-causality test, and the Error Correction Model. Vintage data are available from the French Guide Hachette over the period 1954–2015 and from a specialized wine website Idealwine.com for the period 1919–2015. Our approach provides new results on the causality links between different wine regions. The causal relationships among the vintage scores allow to assess the influential and influenced regions. The results are potentially important for various actors such as investors, merchants or consumers to better understand the quality effect in the different regional vintage scores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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A proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomic study was used to characterize 2009, 2010, 2011, and 2012 vintages of Cabernet Sauvignon wines from Ningxia, which were vinified using the same fermentation technique. The pattern recognition methods of principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and orthogonal PLS-DA (OPLS-DA) clearly distinguished between the different vintages of wine driven by the following metabolites: valine, 2,3-butanediol, ethyl acetate, proline, succinic acid, lactic acid, acetic acid, glycerol, gallic acid, and choline. The PLS-DA loading plots also differentiated among the metabolites of different vintages. In the 2009 vintage wines, we found the highest levels of gallic acid, valine, proline, and 2,3-butanediol. The 2011 vintage wines contained the highest levels of lactic acid, and the highest levels of ethyl acetate, succinic acid, glycerol, and choline were observed in the 2012 vintage wines. We selected eight metabolites from the 1H NMR spectra that were quantified according to their peak areas, and the concentrations were in agreement with the results of PLS-DA and OPLS-DA analyses.

In this paper I outline some of the hazards vintage sellers experience, and the pressure they face, while selling online via Instagram. I argue that the conditions of precarity, overwork, and burnout common to these informal and self-made enterprises were magnified by the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the influence of natural yeasts on wine production and the organoleptic properties of the final product, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the diversity of yeasts in Cabernet-Sauvignon and Merlot (Vitis vinifera L.) grown in the highlands of the Northeast region of Rio Grande do Sul State, “Serra Gaúcha”, Brazil. Grape samples were collected from commercial vineyards between February and March in the 2017, 2018 and 2019 vintages. One hundred sixty-six isolated yeasts were classified at the species level by D1/D2 domain of 26S rRNA sequencing. A total of 31 yeast species were identified. The most prevalent species were Hanseniaspora uvarum, Issatchenkia terricola, Saturnispora diversa and Starmerella bacillaris. These same yeasts were the most frequent regardless of the year evaluated. The results indicated that there is a great diversity of yeast species in grapes cultivated in the highlands of Southern Brazil. However, the yeast communities remain similar in Cabernet-Sauvignon and Merlot grapes the analysed parameters (grape variety/vintage) are not interfering in the yeast populations found in the region highlands of Rio Grande do Sul, “Serra Gaúcha”, Brazil. This study enabled the knowledge of the yeast populations present in the region and their variations during the harvesting of wine grapes, showing that there is a majority pattern of species independent of the harvest.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the aesthetic and narrative design of the TV series Riverdale (The CW, 2017-), where fashion, visual splendor and coolness do legitimate a seemingly non-sense narratives and ultimately contribute to produce cultural and social value. First, we contextualize Riverdale in the production ecosystem of the youth-geared network The CW. Second, we dwell on the concepts of retro and coolness to understand the mechanisms of Riverdale’s timeless charm and cool attitude. Third, we exemplify these aesthetic strategies by focusing on the design of the three leading female characters. Fourth, we explore the interplay between onscreen representation and offscreen self-representation of the actresses. Finally, we argue that the visual surface of the show becomes a tool to express commercial appeal and empowering values, which are not mutually exclusive.

Counterfeit Baijiu has been emerging because of the price variances of real-aged Chinese Baijiu. Accurate identification of different vintages is of great interest. In this study, the combination of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR) spectroscopy was applied for the comprehensive analysis of chemical constituents for Maotai-flavor Baijiu. Furthermore, a novel data fusion strategy combined with machine learning algorithms has been established. The results showed that the midlevel data fusion combined with the random forest algorithm were the best and successfully applied for classification of different Baijiu vintages. A total of 14 differential compounds (belonging to fatty acid ethyl esters, alcohols, organic acids, and aldehydes) were identified, and used for evaluation of commercial Maotai-flavor Baijiu. Our results indicated that both volatiles and nonvolatiles contributed to the vintage differences. This study demonstrated that GC-MS and 1 H NMR spectra combined with a data fusion strategy are practical for the classification of different vintages of Maotai-flavor Baijiu.

The weather during grape production affects wine quality. Changes in the weather in the Chablis region of France and in the quality of Chablis wines (vintage scores) from 1963 to 2018 were analysed. Chablis wine quality improved over this period, with no poor vintages after 1991. Summer temperature and sunshine duration both increased progressively between 1963 to 2018 with fewer frost days but no linear change detected in precipitation. Chablis vintage score was modelled as a function of mean temperature from April to September (curvilinear relation, maximum score at 16–17 °C), mean minimum temperature in September (an index of cool nights; negative relation), and total rainfall from June to September (negative relation). This simple three-factor model distinguished between poor and higher-quality Chablis vintages well, but less so between good and excellent vintages. Application of the model to different climate change scenarios (assuming current viticultural and oenological practices) suggests that vintage scores will decline (slightly to substantially, dependent upon emissions scenario) by the 2041 to 2070 period. This reduction in quality would, however, be minimised if the warming of cool nights is less than currently forecast. The Chablis vintage score model may help identify sites with suitable climates for premium white wine from Chardonnay grapevines in emerging cool climate viticulture regions as well as aiding Chablis producers mitigate the effects of climate change.

Copyright of Al-Bahith Journal is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper investigates the recovery of the work of the photographic group La Carpeta de los Diez, which was carried out by the art market of Buenos Aires during the last fifteen years. This recovery contrasts with the lack of study of the same work on behalf of the scholars specialized in the history of photography. By surveying the different appearances of La Carpeta since the beginning of this century, it will become clear that its work has recently become very relevant for the art market, being taken up by fairs and specialized institutions. This study will seek to understand the reasons behind this trend.

The increased popularity and accessibility of vintage clothing during the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries indicates a devolution of the fashion system. The ability to choose from a wide-ranging selection of garments from the past in vintage clothing stores, not merely from styles dictated by the fashion industry, appears, on the surface, to provide consumers with a vast array of clothing options from which to express their individual style and identity. This chapter builds upon existing academic work and uses empirical data collected from 2013–2017 to explore the relationship between fashion and vintage. It assesses how vintage clothing has been appropriated by high-end designers and the high-street fashion industry and deconstructs the processes influencing the selection of items displayed in vintage stores to reveal the diffusion mechanisms involved. The chapter concludes with a discussion questioning whether vintage clothing is truly separate from the fashion system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What happens when vintage family photos are digitized and enter the global visual economy as representations of a people, politics, time, and place? In this article, I examine the social life of an exemplary viral snapshot from pre-revolutionary Iran to demonstrate three of the many shifting uses and social meanings of these snapshots in online global circulations: as representations for diasporic nostalgizing, as tools of soft power in public diplomacy, and as sources for viral journalism that contribute to what I call clickbait orientalism. A 21st-century form of digital soft weaponry, this latter use of Iranian vintage photos trades on gendered orientalist tropes, the indexical power of family photographs, and the context of four decades of geopolitical tension to attract attention and thus revenue. Ultimately, these further remediations render such family snapshots as anonymous, symbolic, weaponized, and monetized, confirming that latent orientalist ideologies continue to circulate even as their manifest forms change over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. The geographic and temporal distributions of bacterial and fungal populations are poorly understood within the same wine grape cultivar. In this work, we describe the microbial composition from 'Pinot noir' must with respect to vintage, growing region, climate, and must chemistry across the states of California and Oregon, USA. Materials and Methods. We sampled 'Pinot noir' clone 667 clusters from 15 vineyards existing in a latitudinal gradient spanning nearly 1,200 km in California and Oregon for two vintages (2016 and 2017). Regions included five American Viticultural Areas (AVA). In order from southern California to Oregon, these AVAs were Santa Barbara, Monterey, Sonoma, Mendocino, and Willamette Valley. Uninoculated grape musts were subjected to 16S rRNA gene and ITS-1 amplicon sequencing to assess composition of microbial communities. We also measured grape maturity metrics. Finally, to describe regions by precipitation and growing degree days, we queried the Parameterelevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model (PRISM) spatial climate dataset. Results. Most of the dominant bacterial taxa in must samples were in the family Enterobacteriaceae, notably the lactic acid bacteria or the acetic acid bacteria groups, but some, like the betaproteobacterial genus Massilia, belonged to groups not commonly found in grape musts. Fungal communities were dominated by Hanseniaspora uvarum (Saccharomycetaceae). We detected relationships between covariates (e.g., vintage, precipitation during the growing season, pH, titratable acidity, and total soluble solids) and bacterial genera Gluconobacter and Tatumella in the family Enterobacteraceae, Sphingomonas (Sphingomonodaceae), Lactobacillus (Lactobacillaceae), and Massilia (Oxalobacteraceae), as well as fungal genera in Hanseniaspora, Kazachstania, Lachancea, Torulaspora in the family Saccharomycetaceae, as well as Alternaria (Pleosporaceae), Erysiphe (Erysiphaceae), and Udeniomyces (Cystofilobasidiaceae). Fungal community distances were significantly correlated with geographic distances, but this was not observed for bacterial communities. Climate varied across regions and vintages, with growing season precipitation ranging from 11mmto 285mmand growing degree days ranging from 1,245 to 1,846. Discussion. We determined that (1) bacterial beta diversity is structured by growing season precipitation, (2) fungal beta diversity reflects growing season precipitation and growing degree days, and (3) microbial differential abundances of specific genera vary with vintage, growing season precipitation, and fruit maturity metrics. Further, the correlation between fungal community dissimilarities and geographic distance suggests dispersal limitation and the vineyard as a source for abundant fungal taxa. Contrasting this observation, the lack of correlation between bacterial community dissimilarity and geographic distance suggests that environmental filtering is shaping these communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomic study was used to characterize 2009, 2010, 2011, and 2012 vintages of Cabernet Sauvignon wines from Ningxia, which were vinified using the same fermentation technique. The pattern recognition methods of principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and orthogonal PLS-DA (OPLS-DA) clearly distinguished between the different vintages of wine driven by the following metabolites: valine, 2,3-butanediol, ethyl acetate, proline, succinic acid, lactic acid, acetic acid, glycerol, gallic acid, and choline. The PLS-DA loading plots also differentiated among the metabolites of different vintages. In the 2009 vintage wines, we found the highest levels of gallic acid, valine, proline, and 2,3-butanediol. The 2011 vintage wines contained the highest levels of lactic acid, and the highest levels of ethyl acetate, succinic acid, glycerol, and choline were observed in the 2012 vintage wines. We selected eight metabolites from the 1H NMR spectra that were quantified according to their peak areas, and the concentrations were in agreement with the results of PLS-DA and OPLS-DA analyses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]